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Xu R, Bi Y, He X, Zhang Y, Zhao X. Kidney-tonifying blood-activating decoction delays ventricular remodeling in rats with chronic heart failure by regulating gut microbiota and metabolites and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/p65 nuclear factor kappa-B/aquaporin-4 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118110. [PMID: 38580189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Myocardial infarction has likely contributed to the increased prevalence of heart failure(HF).As a result of ventricular remodeling and reduced cardiac function, colonic blood flow decreases, causing mucosal ischemia and hypoxia of the villous structure of the intestinal wall.This damage in gut barrier function increases bowel wall permeability, leading to fluid metabolism disorder,gut microbial dysbiosis, increased gut bacteria translocation into the circulatory system and increased circulating endotoxins, thus promoting a typical inflammatory state.Traditional Chinese Medicine plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of HF.Kidney-tonifying Blood-activating(KTBA) decoction has been proved for clinical treatment of chronic HF.However,the mechanism of KTBA decoction on chronic HF is still unclear. AIMS OF THE STUDY The effect of KTBA decoction on gut microbiota and metabolites and p38MAPK/p65NF-κB/AQP4 signaling in rat colon was studied to investigate the mechanism that KTBA decoction delays ventricular remodeling and regulates water metabolism disorder in rats with HF after myocardial infarction based on the theory of "Kidney Storing Essence and Conducting Water". MATERIAL AND METHODS In vivo,a rat model of HF after myocardial infarction was prepared by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery combined with exhaustive swimming and starvation.The successful modeling rats were randomly divided into five groups:model group, tolvaptan group(gavaged 1.35mg/(kg•D) tolvaptan),KTBA decoction group(gavaged 15.75g/(kg•D) of KTBA decoction),KTBA decoction combined with SB203580(p38MAPK inhibitor) group(gavaged 15.75g/(kg•D) of KTBA decoction and intraperitoneally injected 1.5mg/(kg•D) of SB203580),and KTBA decoction combined with PDTC(p65NF-kB inhibitor) group(gavaged 15.75g/(kg•D) of KTBA decoction and intraperitoneally injected 120mg/(kg•D) of PDTC).The sham-operation group and model group were gavaged equal volume of normal saline.After 4 weeks of intervention with KTBA decoction,the effect of KTBA decoction on the cardiac structure and function of chronic HF model rats was observed by ultrasonic cardiogram.General state and cardiac index in rats were evaluated.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to measure N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentration in rat serum.Hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) staining,and transmission electron microscope(TEM) were used to observe the morphology and ultrastructure of myocardial and colonic tissue,and myocardial fibrosis was measured by Masson's staining.Cardiac E-cadherin level was detected by Western blot.The mRNA expression and protein expression levels of p38MAPK,I-κBα, p65NF-κB,AQP4,Occludin and ZO-1 in colonic tissue were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. Protein expression of p38MAPK, p-p38MAPK,I-κBα,p-I-κBα,p65NF-κB, p-p65NF-κB,AQP4,Occludin and ZO-1 in rat colon was detected using Western blot.Colonic microbiota and serum metabolites were respectively analyzed by amplicon sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.In vitro, CCD-841CoN cell was placed in the ischemic solution under hypoxic conditions (94%N2,5%CO2,and 1%O2) in a 37 °C incubator to establish an ischemia and hypoxia model.The CCD-841CoN cells were divided into 7 groups, namely blank group and model group with normal rat serum plus control siRNA, tolvaptan group with rat serum containing tolvaptan plus control siRNA, KTBA group with rat serum containing KTBA plus control siRNA, KTBA plus p38MAPK siRNA group, KTBA plus p65NF-κB siRNA group,and KTBA plus AQP4siRNA group.After 24h and 48h of intervention with KTBA decoction,RT-qPCR,immunofluorescence and Western blot was used to detect the mRNA expression and protein expression levels of p38MAPK,I-κBα,p65NF-κB,AQP4, Occludin and ZO-1 in CCD-841CoN cells. RESULTS Compared with the model, KTBA decoction improved the general state, decraesed the serum NT-proBNP level,HW/BW ratio, LVIDd and LVIDs, increased E-cadherin level,EF and FS,reduced number of collagen fibers deposited in the myocardial interstitium,and recovered irregular arrangement of myofibril and swollen or vacuolated mitochondria with broken crista in myocardium.Moreover, KTBA decoction inhibited the expression of p38MAPK,I-κBα,and p65NF-κB and upregulated AQP4, Occludin and ZO-1 in colon tissues and CCD-841CoN cells.Additionally,p38siRNA or SB203580, p65siRNA or PDTC, and AQP4siRNA partially weakened the protective effects of KTBA in vitro and vivo.Notably,The LEfSe analysis results showed that there were six gut biomaker bacteria in model group, including Allobaculum, Bacillales,Turicibacter, Turicibacterales,Turicibacteraceae,and Bacilli. Besides, three gut biomaker bacteria containing Deltaproteobacteria, Desulfovibrionaceae,and Desulfovibrionales were enriched by KTBA treatment in chronic HF model.There were five differential metabolites, including L-Leucine,Pelargonic acid, Capsidiol,beta-Carotene,and L- Erythrulose, which can be regulated back in the same changed metabolic routes by the intervention of KTBA.L-Leucine had the positive correlation with Bacillales, Turicibacterales,Turicibacteraceae,and Turicibacter.L-Leucine significantly impacts Protein digestion and absorption, Mineral absorption,and Central carbon metabolism in cancer regulated by KTBA, which is involved in the expression of MAPK and tight junction in intestinal epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS KTBA decoction manipulates the expression of several key proteins in the p38MAPK/p65NF-κB/AQP4 signaling pathway, modulates gut microbiota and metabolites toward a more favorable profile, improves gut barrier function, delays cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis,and improves cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang,Liaoning 110847,China
| | - Yanping Bi
- Jilin Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Jilin,Jilin 132000,China
| | - Xiaoteng He
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang,Liaoning 110847,China
| | - Yan Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.
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Wang Z, Huo M, Qiao L, Qiao Y, Zhang Y. SYSTCM: A systemic web platform for objective identification of pharmacological effects based on interplay of "traditional Chinese Medicine-components-targets". Comput Biol Med 2024; 179:108878. [PMID: 39043107 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Mechanism analysis is essential for the use and promotion of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Traditional methods of network analysis relying on expert experience lack an explanatory framework, prompting the application of deep learning and machine learning for objective identification of TCM pharmacological effects. A dataset was used to construct an interacted network graph between 424 molecular descriptors and 465 pharmacological targets to represent the relationship between components and pharmacological effects. Subsequently, the optimal identification model of pharmacological effects (IPE) was established through convolution neural networks of GoogLeNet structure. The AUC values are greater than 0.8, MCC values are greater than 0.7, and ACC values are greater than 0.85 across various test datasets. Subsequently, 18 recognition models of TCM efficacy (RTE) were created using support vector machines (SVM). Integration of pharmacological effects and efficacies led to the development of the systemic web platform for identification of pharmacological effects (SYSTCM). The platform, comprising 70,961 terms, including 636 Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs), 8190 components, 40 pharmacological effects, and 18 efficacies. Through the SYSTCM platform, (1) Total 100 components were predicted from TCMs with anti-inflammatory pharmacological effects. (2) The pharmacological effects of complete constituents were predicted from Coptidis Rhizoma (Huang Lian). (3) The principal components, pharmacological effects, and efficacies were elucidated from Salviae Miltiorrhizae radix et rhizome (Dan Shen). SYSTCM addresses subjectivity in pharmacological effect determination, offering a potential avenue for advancing TCM drug development and clinical applications. Access SYSTCM at http://systcm.cn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Wang
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Mengqi Huo
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Liansheng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yanjiang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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Song J, Li Y, Wu K, Hu Y, Fang L. MyD88 and Its Inhibitors in Cancer: Prospects and Challenges. Biomolecules 2024; 14:562. [PMID: 38785969 PMCID: PMC11118248 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The interplay between the immune system and cancer underscores the central role of immunotherapy in cancer treatment. In this context, the innate immune system plays a critical role in preventing tumor invasion. Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is crucial for innate immunity, and activation of MyD88 promotes the production of inflammatory cytokines and induces infiltration, polarization, and immune escape of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, abnormal MyD88 signaling induces tumor cell proliferation and metastasis, which are closely associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, MyD88 could serve as a novel tumor biomarker and is a promising target for cancer therapy. Current strategies targeting MyD88 including inhibition of signaling pathways and protein multimerization, have made substantial progress, especially in inflammatory diseases and chronic inflammation-induced cancers. However, the specific role of MyD88 in regulating tumor immunity and tumorigenic mechanisms remains unclear. Therefore, this review describes the involvement of MyD88 in tumor immune escape and disease therapy. In addition, classical and non-classical MyD88 inhibitors were collated to provide insights into potential cancer treatment strategies. Despite several challenges and complexities, targeting MyD88 is a promising avenue for improving cancer treatment and has the potential to revolutionize patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Song
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; (J.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Yuying Li
- Ruian People’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College Affiliated Third Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, China;
| | - Ke Wu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; (J.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Yan Hu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; (J.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Luo Fang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; (J.S.); (K.W.)
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Luo X, Wang R, Zhang X, Wen X, Xie W. Identification of key genes associated with heart failure based on bioinformatics analysis and screening of traditional Chinese medicines for the prevention and treatment of heart failure. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35959. [PMID: 38065888 PMCID: PMC10713177 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the final stage of heart disease. An increasing number of experiments and clinical reports have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has many therapeutic effects and advantages in treating HF. In this study, we used bioinformatics methods to screen key genes and predict the components of Chinese herbal medicines with preventive and therapeutic effects on HF. GSE120895 and GSE21610 HF chips were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Weighted gene coexpression network analysis was performed to determine key modules. Genes in key modules were used for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes Genomes analysis to determine the biological functions. Finally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to screen out key genes, and single-sample GSEA was conducted to screen TCM compounds and effective ingredients of TCM compounds related to HF. We have selected a key module (MeTerquoise) and identified 489 DEGs, of which 357 are up regulated and 132 are down regulated. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes Genomes analyses indicated that the DEGs were associated with the extracellular matrix, fat metabolism and inflammatory response. We identified IL2, CXCR4, CCL5, THY1, CCN2, and IL7R as key genes. Single-sample GSEA showed that key genes were mainly related to energy metabolism, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, extracellular matrix, and immunity. Finally, a total of 70 TCM compounds and 30 active ingredients of TCM compounds were identified. Bioinformatics methods were applied to preliminarily predict the key genes and TCM compounds involved in HF. These results provide theoretical support for the treatment of HF with TCM compounds and provide targets and research strategies for the development of related new Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Luo
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Sichuan), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Zhou CH, Yang H, Zou LF, Liu DF, Yu LZ, Cao HH, Deng LE, Wang ZW, Lu ZB, Liu JS. Ethyl Lithospermate Reduces Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation through Inhibiting NF-κB and STAT3 Pathways in RAW 264.7 Cells and Zebrafish. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:1111-1120. [PMID: 37610554 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3643-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the anti-inflammatory effects of ethyl lithospermate in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine-derived macrophages and zebrafish, and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assays were performed to investigate the toxicity of ethyl lithospermate at different concentrations (12.5-100 µ mol/L) in RAW 264.7 cells. The cells were stimulated with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 12 h to establish an inflammation model in vitro, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were assessed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot was used to ascertain the protein expressions of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65, phospho-STAT3 (p-STAT3, Tyr705), inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB) α, and phospho-I κB α (p-IκB α, Ser32), and confocal imaging was used to identify the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and p-STAT3 (Tyr705). Additionally, the yolk sacs of zebrafish (3 days post fertilization) were injected with 2 nL LPS (0.5 mg/mL) to induce an inflammation model in vivo. Survival analysis, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, observation of neutrophil migration, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to further study the anti-inflammatory effects of ethyl lithospermate and its probable mechanisms in vivo. RESULTS The non-toxic concentrations of ethyl lithospermate have been found to range from 12.5 to 100 µ mol/L. Ethyl lithospermate inhibited the release of IL-6 and TNF-α(P<0.05 or P<0.01), decreased IκBα degradation and phosphorylation (P<0.05) as well as the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and p-STAT3 (Tyr705) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells (P<0.01). Ethyl lithospermate also decreased inflammatory cells infiltration and neutrophil migration while increasing the survival rate of LPS-stimulated zebrafish (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In addition, ethyl lithospermate also inhibited the mRNA expression levels of of IL-6, TNF-α, IκBα, STAT3, and NF-κB in LPS-stimulated zebrafish (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Ethyl lithospermate exerts anti-Inflammatory effected by inhibiting the NF-κB and STAT3 signal pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages and zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hong Zhou
- Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Li-Fang Zou
- Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Di-Fa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections, Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Lin-Zhong Yu
- Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Hui-Hui Cao
- Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Li-E Deng
- Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, 523076, China
| | - Zhang-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections, Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Zi-Bin Lu
- Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Jun-Shan Liu
- Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China.
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Zhang Q, Zhu W, Lou S, Bao H, Zhou Y, Cai Z, Ye J, Cui Y, Wang M, Jin L, Liang G, Luo W, Wang Y. Compound c17 alleviates inflammatory cardiomyopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice by targeting MyD88. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110863. [PMID: 37703787 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality due to cardiac dysfunction. Chronic inflammation plays a significant role in the development of DCM, making it a promising target for novel pharmacological strategies. Our previous study has synthesized a novel compound, c17, which exhibited strong anti-inflammatory activity by specifically targeting to myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88). In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of c17 in DCM. METHODS The small molecular selective MyD88 inhibitor, c17, was used to evaluate the effect of MyD88 on DCM in both high concentration of glucose- and palmitic acid-stimulated macrophages and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) mice. RESULTS The treatment of c17 in T1DM mice resulted in improved heart function and reduced cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation and fibrogenesis. RNA sequencing analysis of the heart tissues revealed that c17 effectively suppressed the inflammatory response by regulating the MyD88-dependent pathway. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments further confirmed that c17 disrupted the interaction between MyD88 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), consequently inhibiting downstream NF-κB activation. In vitro studies demonstrated that c17 exhibited similar anti-inflammatory activity by targeting MyD88 in macrophages, which are the primary regulators of cardiac inflammation. Furthermore, conditioned medium derived from c17-treated macrophages showed reduced capacity to induce hypertrophy, pro-fibrotic reactions, and secondary inflammation in cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the small-molecule MyD88 inhibitor, c17, effectively combated the inflammatory DCM, therefore could be a potential candidate for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Zhang
- Joint Research Center on Medicine, the Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo 315700, Zhejiang, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwei Zhu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China; Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuaijie Lou
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongdan Bao
- Joint Research Center on Medicine, the Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo 315700, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yafen Zhou
- Joint Research Center on Medicine, the Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo 315700, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaohong Cai
- Joint Research Center on Medicine, the Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo 315700, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaxi Ye
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaqian Cui
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minxiu Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Leiming Jin
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 311399, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wu Luo
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China; Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Joint Research Center on Medicine, the Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo 315700, Zhejiang, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China; School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311399, Zhejiang, China.
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Wang X, Ling G, Wei Y, Li W, Zhang Y, Tan N, Li W, Li H, Qiu Q, Wang W, Wang Y. Activation of ULK1 to trigger FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy in heart failure: Effect of Ginsenoside Rg3 intervention. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155042. [PMID: 37659296 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the development of therapies for heart failure (HF) continues apace, clinical outcomes are often far from ideal. Unc51-like-kinase 1 (ULK1)-mediated mitophagy prevents pathological cardiac remodeling and heart failure (HF). Molecularly ULK1-targeted agent to enhance mitophagy is scanty. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate whether Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) can activate ULK1 to trigger FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy for protecting heart failure. METHODS Molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance were used to detect the ULK1 binding behavior of Rg3. Established HF model in rats and transcriptome sequencing were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect and regulatory mechanism of Rg3. Loss-of-function approaches in vivo and in vitro were performed to determine the role of ULK1 in Rg3-elicited myocardial protection against HF. FUNDC1 recombinant plasmid of site mutation was applied to elucidate more in-depth mechanisms. RESULTS Structurally, a good binding mode was unveiled between ULK1 and Rg3. In vivo, Rg3 improved cardiac dysfunction, adverse remodeling, and mitochondrial damage in HF rats. Furthermore, Rg3 promoted Ulk1-triggered mitophagy both in vivo and in vitro, manifested by the impetus of downstream Fundc1-Lc3 interaction. Of note, the protective effects conferred by Rg3 against mitophagy defects, pathological remodeling, and cardiac dysfunction were compromised by Ulk1 gene silencing both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, Rg3 activated mitophagy by inducing ULK1-mediated phosphorylation of FUNDC1 at the Ser17 site, not the Ser13 site. CONCLUSION Together these observations demonstrated that Rg3 acts as a ULK1 activator for the precise treatment of HF, which binds to ULK1 to activate FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Guanjing Ling
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan Wei
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Weili Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Nannan Tan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haijing Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qi Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China.
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Miao M, Cao S, Tian Y, Liu D, Chen L, Chai Q, Wei M, Sun S, Wang L, Xin S, Liu G, Zheng M. Potential diagnostic biomarkers: 6 cuproptosis- and ferroptosis-related genes linking immune infiltration in acute myocardial infarction. Genes Immun 2023; 24:159-170. [PMID: 37422588 PMCID: PMC10435388 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-023-00209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The current diagnostic biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), troponins, lack specificity and exist as false positives in other non-cardiac diseases. Previous studies revealed that cuproptosis, ferroptosis, and immune infiltration are all involved in the development of AMI. We hypothesize that combining the analysis of cuproptosis, ferroptosis, and immune infiltration in AMI will help identify more precise diagnostic biomarkers. The results showed that a total of 19 cuproptosis- and ferroptosis-related genes (CFRGs) were differentially expressed between the healthy and AMI groups. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the differential CFRGs were mostly enriched in biological processes related to oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. The immune infiltration status analyzed by ssGSEA found elevated levels of macrophages, neutrophils, and CCR in AMI. Then, we screened 6 immune-related CFRGs (CXCL2, DDIT3, DUSP1, CDKN1A, TLR4, STAT3) to construct a nomogram for predicting AMI and validated it in the GSE109048 dataset. Moreover, we also identified 5 pivotal miRNAs and 10 candidate drugs that target the 6 feature genes. Finally, RT-qPCR analysis verified that all 6 feature genes were upregulated in both animals and patients. In conclusion, our study reveals the significance of immune-related CFRGs in AMI and provides new insights for AMI diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdan Miao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heart and Metabolism, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
- Department of Cardiology, Handan First Hospital, Handan, 056000, Hebei, China
| | - Shanhu Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heart and Metabolism, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yifei Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heart and Metabolism, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Da Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heart and Metabolism, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heart and Metabolism, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Qiaoying Chai
- Department of Cardiology, Handan First Hospital, Handan, 056000, Hebei, China
| | - Mei Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Shaoguang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Shuanli Xin
- Department of Cardiology, Handan First Hospital, Handan, 056000, Hebei, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Mingqi Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heart and Metabolism, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
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9
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Pan Y, Yang J, Dai J, Xu X, Zhou X, Mao W. TFRC in cardiomyocytes promotes macrophage infiltration and activation during the process of heart failure through regulating Ccl2 expression mediated by hypoxia inducible factor-1α. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e835. [PMID: 37647427 PMCID: PMC10461419 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy is an initiating link to Heart failure (HF) which still seriously endangers human health. Transferrin receptor (TFRC), which promotes iron uptake through the transferrin cycle, is essential for cardiac function. However, whether TFRC is involved in the process of pathological cardiac hypertrophy is not clear. METHODS Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mouse model and mice primary cardiomyocytes treated with isoproterenol (ISO) or phenylephrine (PHE) were used to mimic cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro. Single cell RNA sequence data from heart tissues of TAC-model mice was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and was analyzed with R package Seurat. TFRC expression and macrophage infiltration in the heart tissue were tested by immunofluorescent staining. Macrophage polarization was detected by Flow Cytometry. TFRC expressions were detected by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and ELISA. RESULTS TFRC expression is increased in the pathological cardiac hypertrophy of mice model and positively associated with macrophage infiltration. Furthermore, TFRC in cardiomyocytes recruits and activates macrophages by secreting C-C motif ligand 2 (Ccl2) in the mice heart tissue with TAC surgery or in the primary cardiomyocytes stimulated with ISO or PHE to induce myocardial hypertrophy in vitro. Moreover, we find that TFRC promotes Ccl2 expression in cardiomyocytes via regulating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). In addition, we find that increased TFRC expression in the HF tissue is regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). CONCLUSION This in-depth study shows that TFRC in cardiomyocytes promotes HF development through inducing macrophage infiltration and activation via the STAT3-Ccl2 signaling, and TFRC expression in cardiomyocytes is regulated by HIF-1α during HF. This study first uncovers the role of TFRC in cardiomyocytes on macrophage infiltration and activation during HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Pan
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Jinxiu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Jin Dai
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Xinbin Zhou
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Wei Mao
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceP. R. China
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10
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Ma L, Shao M, Cheng W, Jiang J, Chen X, Tan N, Ling G, Yang Y, Wang Q, Yang R, Li C, Wang Y. Neocryptotanshinone ameliorates insufficient energy production in heart failure by targeting retinoid X receptor alpha. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114868. [PMID: 37201263 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRα) is a nuclear transcription factor that extensively regulates energy metabolism in cardiovascular diseases. Identification of targeted RXRα drugs for heart failure (HF) therapy is urgently needed. Neocryptotanshinone (NCTS) is a component derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, the effect and mechanism of which for treating HF have not been reported. The goal of this study was to explore the pharmacological effects of NCTS on energy metabolism to protect against HF post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) via RXRα. We established a left anterior descending artery ligation-induced HF post-AMI model in mice and an oxygen-glucose deprivation-reperfusion-induced H9c2 cell model to investigate the cardioprotective effect of NCTS. Component-target binding techniques, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), microscale thermophoresis (MST) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection were applied to explore the potential mechanism by which NCTS targets RXRα. The results showed that NCTS protects the heart against ischaemic damage, evidenced by improvement of cardiac dysfunction and attenuation of cellular hypoxic injury. Importantly, the SPR and MST results showed that NCTS has a high binding affinity for RXRα. Meanwhile, the critical downstream target genes of RXRα/PPARα, which are involved in fatty acid metabolism, including Cd36 and Cpt1a, were upregulated under NCTS treatment. Moreover, NCTS enhanced TFAM levels, promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and increased myocardial adenosine triphosphate levels by activating RXRα. In conclusion, we confirmed that NCTS improves myocardial energy metabolism, including fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis, by regulating the RXRα/PPARα pathway in mice with HF post-AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mingyan Shao
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenkun Cheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jinchi Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Nannan Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guanjing Ling
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ran Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Chun Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China.
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11
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Fan S, Xiao G, Ni J, Zhao Y, Du H, Liang Y, Lv M, He S, Fan G, Zhu Y. Guanxinning injection ameliorates cardiac remodeling in HF mouse and 3D heart spheroid models via p38/FOS/MMP1-mediated inhibition of myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114642. [PMID: 37027988 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is a cardiovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality. Guanxinning injection (GXNI) is clinically used for the treatment of coronary heart disease, but its therapeutic efficacy and potential mechanism for HF are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of GXNI on HF, with a special focus on its role in myocardial remodeling. METHODS 3D cardiac organoids and transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mouse models were established and utilized. Heart function and pathology were evaluated by echocardiography, hemodynamic examination, tail-cuff blood pressure and histopathology. Key targets and pathways regulated by GXNI in HF mouse heart were revealed via RNA-seq and network pharmacology analysis, and were verified by RT-PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. RESULTS GXNI significantly inhibited cardiac hypertrophy and cells death. It protected mitochondrial function in cardiac hypertrophic organoids and markedly improved cardiac function in HF mice. Analysis of GXNI-regulated genes in HF mouse hearts revealed that IL-17A signaling in fibroblasts and the corresponding p38/c-Fos/Mmp1 pathway prominently mediated cardiac. Altered expressions of c-Fos, p38 and Mmp1 by GXNI in heart tissues and in cardiac organoids were validated by RT-PCR, WB, IHC, and IF. H&E and Masson staining confirmed that GXNI substantially ameliorated myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis in HF mice and in 3D organoids. CONCLUSION GXNI inhibited cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy mainly via down-regulating p38/c-Fos/Mmp1 pathway, thereby ameliorating cardiac remodeling in HF mice. Findings in this study provide a new strategy for the clinical application of GXNI in the treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Guangxu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jingyu Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yuhan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hongying Du
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yingran Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ming Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shuang He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China.
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12
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Nemec-Bakk AS, Sridharan V, Desai P, Landes RD, Hart B, Allen AR, Boerma M. Effects of Simulated 5-Ion Galactic Cosmic Radiation on Function and Structure of the Mouse Heart. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030795. [PMID: 36983950 PMCID: PMC10057791 DOI: 10.3390/life13030795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Missions into deep space will expose astronauts to the harsh space environment, and the degenerative tissue effects of space radiation are largely unknown. To assess the risks, in this study, male BALB/c mice were exposed to 500 mGy 5-ion simulated GCR (GCRsim) at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory. In addition, male and female CD1 mice were exposed to GCRsim and administered a diet containing Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β)RI kinase (ALK5) inhibitor IPW-5371 as a potential countermeasure. An ultrasound was performed to investigate cardiac function. Cardiac tissue was collected to determine collagen deposition, the density of the capillary network, and the expression of the immune mediator toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and immune cell markers CD2, CD4, and CD45. In male BALB/c mice, the only significant effects of GCRsim were an increase in the CD2 and TLR4 markers. In male CD1 mice, GCRsim caused a significant increase in total collagens and a decrease in the expression of TLR4, both of which were mitigated by the TGF-β inhibitor diet. In female CD1 mice, GCRsim caused an increase in the number of capillaries per tissue area in the ventricles, which may be explained by the decrease in the left ventricular mass. However, this increase was not mitigated by TGF-β inhibition. In both male and female CD1 mice, the combination of GCRsim and TGF-β inhibition caused changes in left ventricular immune cell markers that were not seen with GCRsim alone. These data suggest that GCRsim results in minor changes to cardiac tissue in both an inbred and outbred mouse strain. While there were few GCRsim effects to be mitigated, results from the combination of GCRsim and the TGF-β inhibitor do point to a role for TGF-β in maintaining markers of immune cells in the heart after exposure to GCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley S. Nemec-Bakk
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Vijayalakshmi Sridharan
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Parth Desai
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Reid D. Landes
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Barry Hart
- Innovation Pathways, LLC of Palo Alto, Palo Alto, CA 94301, USA
| | - Antiño R. Allen
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Marjan Boerma
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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13
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Li H, Hu P, Zou Y, Yuan L, Xu Y, Zhang X, Luo X, Zhang Z. Tanshinone IIA and hepatocellular carcinoma: A potential therapeutic drug. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1071415. [PMID: 36798821 PMCID: PMC9928209 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1071415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of its high prevalence and poor long-term clinical treatment effect, liver disease is regarded as a major public health problem around the world. Among them, viral hepatitis, fatty liver, cirrhosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and autoimmune liver disease are common causes and inducements of liver injury, and play an important role in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tanshinone IIA (TsIIA) is a fat soluble polyphenol of Salvia miltiorrhiza that is extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Because of its strong biological activity (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant), it is widely used in Asia to treat cardiovascular and liver diseases. In addition, TsIIA has shown significant anti-HCC activity in previous studies. It not only has significant anti proliferation and pro apoptotic properties. It can also play an anti-cancer role by mediating a variety of signal pathways, including phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/rapamycin (mTOR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). This review not only reviews the existing evidence and molecular mechanism of TsIIA's anti-HCC effect but also reviews the liver-protective effect of TsIIA and its impact on liver fibrosis, NAFLD, and other risk factors for liver cancer. In addition, we also conducted network pharmacological analysis on TsIIA and HCC to further screen and explore the possible targets of TsIIA against hepatocellular carcinoma. It is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the development of anti-HCC-related drugs based on TsIIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Pengbo Hu
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China,Institute of Medical Science of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yajun Zou
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lijuan Yuan
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Yucheng Xu
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China,Institute of Medical Science of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China,*Correspondence: Zhiqiang Zhang,
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14
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Zhou J, Lin H, Lv T, Hao J, Zhang H, Sun S, Yang J, Chi J, Guo H. Inappropriate Activation of TLR4/NF-κB is a Cause of Heart Failure. CARDIOVASCULAR INNOVATIONS AND APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.15212/cvia.2022.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Heart failure, a disease with extremely high incidence, is closely associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway plays an important role in the occurrence and development of heart failure.
Recent advances: Previous studies have shown that TLR4/NF-κB causes heart failure by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation; damaging the endothelia; promoting fibrosis; and inducing myocardial hypertrophy, apoptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy.
Critical issues: Understanding the pathogenesis of heart failure is essential for the treatment of this disease. In this review, we outline the mechanisms underlying TLR4/NF-κB pathway-mediated heart failure and discuss drugs that alleviate heart failure by regulating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
Future directions: During TLR4/NF-κB overactivation, interventions targeting specific receptor antagonists may effectively alleviate heart failure, thus providing a basis for the development of new anti-heart failure drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiedong Zhou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital Shaoxing Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jinjin Hao
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shimin Sun
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Juntao Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jufang Chi
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital Shaoxing Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Hangyuan Guo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
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15
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Qin Q, Liu H, He W, Guo Y, Zhang J, She J, Zheng F, Zhang S, Muyldermans S, Wen Y. Single Domain Antibody application in bacterial infection diagnosis and neutralization. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1014377. [PMID: 36248787 PMCID: PMC9558170 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1014377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing antibiotic resistance to bacterial infections causes a serious threat to human health. Efficient detection and treatment strategies are the keys to preventing and reducing bacterial infections. Due to the high affinity and antigen specificity, antibodies have become an important tool for diagnosis and treatment of various human diseases. In addition to conventional antibodies, a unique class of “heavy-chain-only” antibodies (HCAbs) were found in the serum of camelids and sharks. HCAbs binds to the antigen through only one variable domain Referred to as VHH (variable domain of the heavy chain of HCAbs). The recombinant format of the VHH is also called single domain antibody (sdAb) or nanobody (Nb). Sharks might also have an ancestor HCAb from where SdAbs or V-NAR might be engineered. Compared with traditional Abs, Nbs have several outstanding properties such as small size, high stability, strong antigen-binding affinity, high solubility and low immunogenicity. Furthermore, they are expressed at low cost in microorganisms and amenable to engineering. These superior properties make Nbs a highly desired alternative to conventional antibodies, which are extensively employed in structural biology, unravelling biochemical mechanisms, molecular imaging, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this review, we summarized recent progress of nanobody-based approaches in diagnosis and neutralization of bacterial infection and further discussed the challenges of Nbs in these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Microbiome Research of Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Center for Biomedical Research, Institute of Future Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wenbo He
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Microbiome Research of Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yucheng Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junjun She
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Microbiome Research of Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sicai Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Research, Institute of Future Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yurong Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Center for Microbiome Research of Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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16
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Li W, Huang T, Xu S, Che B, Yu Y, Zhang W, Tang K. Molecular Mechanism of Tanshinone against Prostate Cancer. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175594. [PMID: 36080361 PMCID: PMC9457553 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant tumor of the male urinary system in Europe and America. According to the data in the World Cancer Report 2020, the incidence rate of PCa ranks second in the prevalence of male malignant tumors and varies worldwide between regions and population groups. Although early PCa can achieve good therapeutic results after surgical treatment, due to advanced PCa, it can adapt and tolerate androgen castration-related drugs through a variety of mechanisms. For this reason, it is often difficult to achieve effective therapeutic results in the treatment of advanced PCa. Tanshinone is a new fat-soluble phenanthraquinone compound derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza that can play a therapeutic role in different cancers, including PCa. Several studies have shown that Tanshinone can target various molecular pathways of PCa, including the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, androgen receptor (AR) pathway, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which will affect the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and affect cell proliferation, apoptosis, tumor metabolism, genomic stability, and tumor drug resistance. Thus, the occurrence and development of PCa cells are inhibited. In this review, we summarized the in vivo and in vitro evidence of Tanshinone against prostate cancer and discussed the effect of Tanshinone on nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), AR, and mTOR. At the same time, we conducted a network pharmacology analysis on the four main components of Tanshinone to further screen the possible targets of Tanshinone against prostate cancer and provide ideas for future research.
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Yang Y, Yang J, Fu W, Zhou P, He Y, Fang M, Wan H, Zhou H. Pharmacokinetic Comparison of Nine Bioactive Compounds of Guanxinshutong Capsule in Normal and Acute Myocardial Infarction Rats. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2022; 47:653-665. [PMID: 35751765 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-022-00777-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Guanxinshutong capsules (GXST) are usually used to treat acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and the clinical effect of GXST is significant. However, there have been only a few studies on the pharmacokinetics of GXST against AMI injury. The objective of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of nine bioactive compounds of GXST in normal and AMI rats. METHODS In this work, a rat model of AMI was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. The pharmacokinetic parameters of nine bioactive compounds (gallic acid, danshensu, protocatechuic aldehyde, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B and salvianolic acid A, dihydrotanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone IIA) in the plasma of AMI and normal rats were compared under the same dose of GXST by a LC-MS/MS method. Then, we selected P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and some representative cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) for molecular docking to further analyze the interaction between these compounds. RESULTS The pharmacokinetic studies showed that the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and maximum concentration (Cmax) of phenolic acids were relatively large, while the half-life (T½) of tanshinones was longer. Among the nine components, salvianolic acid B in AMI rats had the maximum area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-∞ = 1961.8 ng·h/mL), which showed a significant difference compared with normal rats (P < 0.05). Tanshinone IIA in AMI rats had the longest half-life (T½ = 10.1 h), and it was markedly longer than that in normal rats (P < 0.01). In addition, compared with the normal group, the AUC, Cmax, T½ , and time to reach Cmax (Tmax) of gallic acid increased significantly in AMI rats (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). For the molecular docking results, it was found that gallic acid may interact with CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9, while danshensu may interact with CYP2C9. Tanshinones may interact with CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, and P-gp. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the pathological injury caused by AMI has a significant impact on the pharmacokinetic characteristics of some active compounds in GXST, which are conducive to providing a reference and promoting rational clinical drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Yang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Fu
- Buchang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu He
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingsun Fang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitong Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huifen Zhou
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Komal S, Komal N, Mujtaba A, Wang SH, Zhang LR, Han SN. Potential therapeutic strategies for myocardial infarction: the role of Toll-like receptors. Immunol Res 2022; 70:607-623. [PMID: 35608723 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09290-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a life-threatening condition among patients with cardiovascular diseases. MI increases the risk of stroke and heart failure and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several genetic and epigenetic factors contribute to the development of MI, suggesting that further understanding of the pathomechanism of MI might help in the early management and treatment of this disease. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are well-known members of the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family and contribute to both adaptive and innate immunity. Collectively, studies suggest that TLRs have a cardioprotective effect. However, prolonged TLR activation in the response to signals generated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) results in the release of inflammatory cytokines and contributes to the development and exacerbation of myocardial inflammation, MI, ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocarditis, and heart failure. The objective of this review is to discuss and summarize the association of TLRs with MI, highlighting their therapeutic potential for the development of advanced TLR-targeted therapies for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumra Komal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Nimrah Komal
- Department of Pharmacology, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic Medical College, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Mirpur, 10250, Pakistan
| | - Ali Mujtaba
- Department of Pharmacology, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic Medical College, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Mirpur, 10250, Pakistan
| | - Shu-Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Li-Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Sheng-Na Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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19
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Zhang Y, Liang X, Bao X, Xiao W, Chen G. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitors: Current research and prospective. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 235:114291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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20
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Wang X, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Sun Q, Ling G, Jiang J, Li W, Tian X, Jiang Q, Lu L, Wang Y. The roles of the mitophagy inducer Danqi pill in heart failure: A new therapeutic target to preserve energy metabolism. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:154009. [PMID: 35217438 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitophagy can regulate mitochondrial homeostasis, preserve energy metabolism and cardiomyocytes survival effectively to restrain the development of heart failure (HF). Danqi Pill (DQP), composed of the dry roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and Panax notoginseng, is included in the 2015 national pharmacopeia and effective in the clinical treatment of coronary heart diseases. Our previous studies have approved that DQP exerted remarkable cardioprotective effects on HF. However, the effect and mechanism of DQP on mitophagy have not been proved yet. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE We aim to explore whether DQP regulates mitophagy to protect against HF and to elucidate the in-depth mechanism. STUDY DESIGN The HF rat model for evaluating DQP's efficacy was established with left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. The oxygen-glucose deprivation-reperfusion-induced cardiomyocyte model was conducted to clarify the potential mechanism of DQP. METHODS The mitochondria-targeted fluorescent protein Keima (mt-Keima) was applied for detecting mitophagy flux. Co-immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation were performed to detect protein co-localization. Flow cytometry for JC-1 and Annexin-FITC/PI staining was utilized for assessing mitochondrial activity and function. RESULTS In vivo, medium dose of DQP (1.5 g/kg) notably improved cardiac function and inhibited cardiac apoptosis in HF rats. Co-immunofluorescent staining of LC3B and TOM20 showed that DQP restored mitophagy. Further co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that DQP increased the co-localization of FUNDC1 with either ULK1 or PGAM5. In vitro, DQP markedly protected mitochondrial membrane potential damage, reduced cardiomyocytes apoptosis, decreased the level of mitochondrial ROS, and increased the ATP level. Parallel with the in vitro results, DQP increased the interaction of FUNDC1 and LC3B, while knockdown of FUNDC1 diminished the interaction. Besides, Mt-Keima signaling detection further confirmed that DQP significantly promoted mitophagy. Intriguingly, knockdown of ULK1 or PGAM5 separately weakened rather than eliminated these effects of DQP on FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy, mitochondrial homeostasis and energy metabolism. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that DQP protected against HF by improving FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy to perverse energy metabolism through the coordinated regulation of ULK1 and PGAM5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qianbin Sun
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guanjing Ling
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jinchi Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Weili Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xue Tian
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qianqian Jiang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Linghui Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China.
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21
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Engin S, Barut EN, Yaşar YK, Soysal AÇ, Arıcı T, Kerimoğlu G, Kadıoğlu M, Sezen SF. Trimetazidine attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis by inhibiting TLR4-mediated NFκB signaling in mice. Life Sci 2022; 301:120590. [PMID: 35504331 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced cystitis is a challenging clinical problem involving inflammation and dysfunction of bladder. Trimetazidine (TMZ) is an anti-anginal drug with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of TMZ in CP-induced cystitis via inhibiting TLR4/NFκB signaling. MAIN METHODS Balb/c mice were administrated TMZ (10 or 20 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 5 consecutive days before CP. On day 6, cystitis was induced by a single dose of CP (300 mg/kg, i.p.). Mesna (2-mercaptoethane sulfonate sodium; 30 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered 20 min before and at 4 and 8 h after the CP injection. After 24 h of cystitis induction, the bladders were removed for histopathological evaluation, contractility studies, biochemical analysis and western blotting. MTT assay was performed in a cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) to evaluate the effect of TMZ on the cytotoxicity of CP. KEY FINDINGS CP-induced severe cystitis was confirmed by histological disturbances and the decrease in carbachol-evoked contractions of detrusor strips, which was partially improved by TMZ (20 mg/kg/day). SOD activity and GSH content were decreased whereas TNF-α and IL-1β levels were increased in the bladders of CP-treated mice, which were restored by TMZ or mesna. TMZ reduced the CP-induced increase in the protein expressions of caspase-3, TLR4 and phosphorylated-NFκB in bladder tissues. TMZ alone decreased the cell viability and TMZ also enhanced the cytotoxicity of CP. SIGNIFICANCE Our study provides the first preclinical evidence that TMZ attenuates CP-induced urotoxicity by enhancing anti-oxidant capacity and suppressing inflammation possibly via downregulating TLR4-mediated NFκB signaling while augmenting the cytotoxicity of CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seçkin Engin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye.
| | - Elif Nur Barut
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye
| | - Yeşim Kaya Yaşar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye; Drug and Pharmaceutical Technology Application and Research Center, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye
| | - Aysun Çelik Soysal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkiye
| | - Tuğba Arıcı
- Başaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, İstanbul, Turkiye
| | - Gökçen Kerimoğlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye
| | - Mine Kadıoğlu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye
| | - Sena F Sezen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye; Drug and Pharmaceutical Technology Application and Research Center, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkiye
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22
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Wang K, You S, Hu H, Li X, Yin J, Shi Y, Qi L, Li P, Zhao Y, Yan S. Effect of TLR4/MyD88/NF-kB axis in paraventricular nucleus on ventricular arrhythmias induced by sympathetic hyperexcitation in post-myocardial infarction rats. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2959-2971. [PMID: 35393774 PMCID: PMC9097841 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sympathetic activation after myocardial infarction (MI) leads to ventricular arrhythmias (VAs), which can result in sudden cardiac death (SCD). The toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) axis within the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), a cardiac-neural sympathetic nerve centre, plays an important role in causing VAs. An MI rat model and a PVN-TLR4 knockdown model were constructed. The levels of protein were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence, and localizations were visualized by multiple immunofluorescence staining. Central and peripheral sympathetic activation was visualized by immunohistochemistry for c-fos protein, renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) measurement, heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and norepinephrine (NE) level detection in serum and myocardial tissue measured by ELISA. The arrhythmia scores were measured by programmed electrical stimulation (PES), and cardiac function was detected by the pressure-volume loop (P-V loop). The levels of TLR4 and MyD88 and the nuclear translocation of NF-kB within the PVN were increased after MI, while sympathetic activation and arrhythmia scores were increased and cardiac function was decreased. However, inhibition of TLR4 significantly reversed these conditions. PVN-mediated sympathetic activation via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-kB axis ultimately leads to the development of VAs after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuling You
- Adicon Clinical Laboratories.Inc., Department of Pathology, Wangkai Infectious Diseases Hospital of Zaozhuang City, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Hesheng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yugen Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Qi
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Pingjiang Li
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yuepeng Zhao
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Suhua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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23
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Li Y, Li X, Chen X, Sun X, Liu X, Wang G, Liu Y, Cui L, Liu T, Wang W, Wang Y, Li C. Qishen Granule (QSG) Inhibits Monocytes Released From the Spleen and Protect Myocardial Function via the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB p65 Pathway in Heart Failure Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:850187. [PMID: 35370707 PMCID: PMC8964526 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.850187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preliminary clinical and basic researches have proved that Qishen granule (QSG) is an effective prescription for treating heart failure (HF) in China, with a characteristic of regulating the ratio of M1/M2 macrophage in the myocardium. However, the regulative mechanism of monocytes targeting the cardio-splenic axis has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of QSG inhibiting the release of splenic monocytes and the recruitment of myocardial tissue both in vivo and in vitro. Experiments in mice with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)-induced HF demonstrated that QSG could exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting splenic monocytes release and phenotypic changes. Moreover, in vitro experiments indicated QSG could inhibit LPS-stimulated macrophage-conditioned medium (CM)-induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte injury by upregulating the key proteins in TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB p65 pathway. In addition, knockdown or overexpression of TLR4 in H9C2 cells further confirmed that QSG could attenuate inflammatory injury in cardiomyocytes via the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB p65 pathway. Overall, these data suggested that QSG could improve cardiac function and reduce the inflammatory response in AMI-induced HF by inhibiting splenic monocytes release, and protecting myocardial function via the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway in heart failure mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangning Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhou Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lingwen Cui
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tianhua Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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24
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Wang X, Li W, Zhang Y, Sun Q, Cao J, Tan N, Yang S, Lu L, Zhang Q, Wei P, Ma X, Wang W, Wang Y. Calycosin as a Novel PI3K Activator Reduces Inflammation and Fibrosis in Heart Failure Through AKT-IKK/STAT3 Axis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:828061. [PMID: 35264961 PMCID: PMC8899514 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.828061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Inflammation and fibrosis have been shown to be critical factors in heart failure (HF) progression. Calycosin (Cal) is the major active component of Astragalus mongholicus Bunge and has been reported to have therapeutic effects on the cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction. However, whether Cal could ameliorate myocardial infarction (MI)-induced inflammation and fibrosis and precise mechanisms remain uncertain. The aim of this study is to explore the role of Cal in HF and to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Methods: For in vivo experiments, rats underwent left anterior descending artery ligation for heart failure model, and the cardioprotective effects of Cal were measured by echocardiographic assessment and histological examination. RNA-seq approach was applied to explore potential differential genes and pathways. For further mechanistic study, proinflammatory-conditioned media (conditioned media)-induced H9C2 cell injury model and TGFβ-stimulated cardiac fibroblast model were applied to determine the regulatory mechanisms of Cal. Results: In the in vivo experiments, echocardiography results showed that Cal significantly improved heart function. GO and reactome enrichment revealed that inflammation and fibrosis pathways are involved in the Cal-treated group. KEGG enrichment indicated that the PI3K–AKT pathway is enriched in the Cal-treated group. Further experiments proved that Cal alleviated cardiomyocyte inflammatory responses evidenced by downregulating the expressions of phosphorylated IκB kinase α/β (p-IKKα/β), phosphorylated nuclear factor kapa B (p-NFκB), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Besides, Cal effectively attenuated cardiac fibrosis through the inhibitions of expressions and depositions of collagen I and collagen III. In the in vitro experiments, the phosphatidylinositol three kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 could abrogate the anti-inflammation and antifibrosis therapeutic effects of Cal, demonstrating that the cardioprotective effects of Cal were mediated through upregulations of PI3K and serine/threonine kinase (AKT). Conclusion: Cal inhibited inflammation and fibrosis via activation of the PI3K–AKT pathway in H9C2 cells, fibroblasts, and heart failure in postacute myocardial infarction rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weili Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qianbin Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Cao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - NanNan Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangjie Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Linghui Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wei
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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25
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Signaling pathways and targeted therapy for myocardial infarction. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:78. [PMID: 35273164 PMCID: PMC8913803 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00925-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) has improved considerably, it is still a worldwide disease with high morbidity and high mortality. Whilst there is still a long way to go for discovering ideal treatments, therapeutic strategies committed to cardioprotection and cardiac repair following cardiac ischemia are emerging. Evidence of pathological characteristics in MI illustrates cell signaling pathways that participate in the survival, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy of cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, monocytes, and stem cells. These signaling pathways include the key players in inflammation response, e.g., NLRP3/caspase-1 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB; the crucial mediators in oxidative stress and apoptosis, for instance, Notch, Hippo/YAP, RhoA/ROCK, Nrf2/HO-1, and Sonic hedgehog; the controller of myocardial fibrosis such as TGF-β/SMADs and Wnt/β-catenin; and the main regulator of angiogenesis, PI3K/Akt, MAPK, JAK/STAT, Sonic hedgehog, etc. Since signaling pathways play an important role in administering the process of MI, aiming at targeting these aberrant signaling pathways and improving the pathological manifestations in MI is indispensable and promising. Hence, drug therapy, gene therapy, protein therapy, cell therapy, and exosome therapy have been emerging and are known as novel therapies. In this review, we summarize the therapeutic strategies for MI by regulating these associated pathways, which contribute to inhibiting cardiomyocytes death, attenuating inflammation, enhancing angiogenesis, etc. so as to repair and re-functionalize damaged hearts.
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Liu Y, Guan R, Yan J, Zhu Y, Sun S, Qu Y. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Shuttled microRNA-302d-3p Represses Inflammation and Cardiac Remodeling Following Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:754-771. [PMID: 35194734 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-021-10200-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Our research intended to investigate the roles of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) via delivery of microRNA (miR)-302d-3p. AMI mouse models were established. EVs isolated from MSCs with miR-302d-3p mimic were injected near the infarct area or co-cultured with hypoxic cardiomyocytes to evaluate their effects. The expression of NF-κB pathway-related genes and inflammatory factors was determined. AMI mice exhibited downregulated miR-302d-3p and elevated MD2 and BCL6 levels. BCL6 was negatively targeted by miR-302d-3p and could bind to MD2 promoter to upregulate MD2 expression. MSCs-EVs, MSCs-EVs carrying miR-302d-3p, or BCL6 or MD2 silencing inactivated the NF-κB pathway and alleviated infarcted area, myocardial fibrosis, inflammation, apoptosis, and cardiac dysfunction in AMI mice. Besides, MSCs-EVs, MSCs-EVs carrying miR-302d-3p, or BCL6 or MD2 silencing diminished viability and inflammation but augmented apoptosis of hypoxic cardiomyocytes. Conclusively, MSCs-EVs carrying miR-302d-3p repressed inflammation and cardiac remodeling after AMI via BCL6/MD2/NF-κB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongchun Guan
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jizhou Yan
- The Fifth Ward of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueping Zhu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiming Sun
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Qu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161000, People's Republic of China.
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Refaie MMM, Abdel-Gaber SA, Rahman SAAE, Hafez SMNA, Khalaf HM. Cardioprotective effects of bosentan in 5-fluorouracil-induced cardiotoxicity. Toxicology 2022; 465:153042. [PMID: 34800596 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent but cardiotoxicity challenges its clinical usefulness. Thus, searching for more cardioprotective drugs is highly required to prevent the accompanied cardiac hazards. Up to date, the different mechanisms involved in 5-FU cardiotoxicity are still unclear and there is no evaluation of bosentan's role in controlling these cardiac complications. This forced us to deeply study and evaluate the possible cardiopreserving properties of bosentan and different mechanisms involved in mediating it. 32 Wistar albino rats were included in our experiment and induction of cardiotoxicity was performed via administration of 5-FU (150 mg/kg) on 5th day of the experiment by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection with or without co-administration of bosentan (50 mg/kg/day) orally for 7days. Our data revealed that 5-FU could induce cardiotoxicity which was detected as significant increases of troponin I, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase- MB (CK-MB), endothelin receptors, malondialdehyde (MDA), toll like receptor4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), and caspase 3 levels. However, there is marked decrease in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). In addition, the histopathological examination showed severe toxic features of cardiac injury. Interestingly, co-administration of bosentan could ameliorate 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity via improving the detected biochemical and histopathological changes besides modulation of TLR4/MyD88/NFκB signaling pathway, eNOS, and endothelin receptors. Bosentan had a significant cardioprotective effect against 5-FU induced cardiac damage. This effect may be attributed to its ability to inhibit endothelin receptors, stimulates eNOS, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic properties with modulation of TLR4/MyD88/NFκB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M M Refaie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, 61511, El-Minia, Egypt.
| | - Seham A Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, 61511, El-Minia, Egypt
| | | | | | - Hanaa Mohamed Khalaf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, 61511, El-Minia, Egypt
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Effects and Mechanism of Oxymatrine Combined with Compound Yinchen Granules on the Apoptosis of Hepatocytes through the Akt/FoxO3a/Bim Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8644356. [PMID: 35036441 PMCID: PMC8758272 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8644356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects and mechanism of oxymatrine (OMT) combined with compound yinchen granules (CYG) on the apoptosis of hepatocytes through the Akt/FoxO3a/Bim pathway in rats with acute liver failure. The rat model of acute liver failure was established using lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine (LPS/D-GalN). The expression of proteins in rat liver tissues was detected by western blot analysis. The mRNA expression of FoxO3a, Bim, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 in rat liver tissues was detected by RT-qPCR. The apoptosis rate of rat hepatocytes was determined by flow cytometry. Western blots showed that when compared with the normal group, the expression of p-Akt and p-FoxO3a in the model group was decreased (
), while the expression of Bim was increased (
). Compared with the model group, the expression of p-Akt and p-FoxO3a in the OMT group and the OMT combined with CYG groups was increased (
or
), while the expression of Bim was decreased (
). The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 protein expression in the model group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (
). The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the expression of caspase-3 protein in the OMT group and the OMT combined with CYG groups were significantly lower than those in the model group (
). The results of RT-qPCR were consistent with those of western blot. The results of flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of hepatocytes in the OMT group and the OMT combined with CYG groups was significantly lower than that in the model group (
or
). We concluded that LPS/D-GalN can induce apoptosis of hepatocytes in rats with acute liver failure through the Akt/FoxO3a/Bim pathway. OMT combined with CYG inhibits apoptosis of hepatocytes in rats with acute liver failure via the Akt/FoxO3a/Bim pathway.
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29
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Astragaloside IV protects diabetic cardiomyopathy against inflammation and apoptosis via regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Li XX, Wu Y, Fan ZJ, Cui J, Li D, Lin Q, Zhuang R, Yan RK, Lin Q, Li Y. Qishen Taohong Granule () as Adjuvant Therapy for Improving Cardiac Function and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Chin J Integr Med 2021; 28:12-19. [PMID: 34387827 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-2866-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To confirm the improvement of cardiac function and quality of life (QOL) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) via Chinese medicine (CM) Qishen Taohong Granule (, QTG). METHODS This study was a single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Seventy-six patients from 27 to 84 years old diagnosed with CHF New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II or III in stage C were enrolled and randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to receive QTG or trimetazidine (TMZ), in addition to their standard medications for the treatment of CHF. The study period was 4 weeks. The primary outcomes included cardiac function evaluated by NYHA classification and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), as well as QOL evaluated by CHF Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Survival Scale (CHFQLS). The secondary outcomes included 6-min walking test (6MWT), CM syndrome score, symptom and sign scores and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). All indices were measured at baseline and the end of the trial. RESULTS At the 4-week follow-up period, the effective rate according to NYHA classification in the QTG group was better than that in the TMZ group (74.29% vs. 54.29%, P<0.05). But there was no significant difference in post-treatment level of LVEF between the two groups (P>0.05). The CHFQLS scores improved by 13.82±6.04 vs. 7.49±2.28 in the QTG and TMZ groups, respectively (P<0.05). Subgroup analysis of the CHFQLS results showed that physiological function, role limitation and vitality were significantly higher in the QTG group than in the TMZ group (15.76±7.85 vs. 7.40±3.36, P<0.05; 16.00±8.35 vs. 10.53±4.64, P<0.05; 15.31±8.09 vs. 7.89±4.60, P<0.05). Compared with TMZ group, treatment with QTG also demonstrated superior performance with respect to 6MWT, CM syndrome, shortness of breath, fatigue, gasping, general edema and NT-proBNP level. No significant adverse reactions or adverse cardiac events occurred during treatment in either group. CONCLUSION In addition to conventional treatments, the use of QTG as an adjuvant therapy significantly improved cardiac function and QOL in patients with CHF class II or III in stage C. [Registration No. ChiCTR1900022036 (retrospectively registered)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xing Li
- Department of Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Zong-Jing Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Jie Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Quan Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Rui Zhuang
- Department of Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Rong-Kun Yan
- Department of Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China.
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Su L, Su Y, An Z, Zhang P, Yue Q, Zhao C, Sun X, Zhang S, Liu X, Li K, Zhao L. Fermentation products of Danshen relieved dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental ulcerative colitis in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16210. [PMID: 34376708 PMCID: PMC8355158 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94594-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increased incidence and recognition, ulcerative colitis (UC) has become a global public health problem in the world. Although many immunosuppressant and biological drugs have been used for UC treatment, the cure rate is still very low. It is necessary to find some safe and long-term used medicine for UC cure. Recently, the Chinese traditional herb Danshen has been investigated in the treatment of UC. However, it is a limitation of Danshen that many of the active components in Danshen are not easily absorbed by the human body. Probiotics could convert macromolecules into smaller molecules to facilitate absorption. Thus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (F-B4-1) and Bacillus subtillis Natto (F-A7-1) were screened to ferment Danshen in this study. The fermented Danshen products were gavaged in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC model mice. Danshen had better results to attenuate symptoms of DSS-induced UC after fermented with F-B4-1 and F-A7-1. Loss of body weight and disease activity index (DAI) were reduced. The abnormally short colon lengths and colonic damage were recovered. And fermented Danshen had the better inhibitory effect than Danshen itself on pro-inflammatory cytokine expression during DSS-induced UC. The results indicated that compared with Danshen, fermented Danshen relieved DSS-induced UC in mice more effectively. Danshen fermented by probiotics might be an effective treatment to UC in clinic stage in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Yue Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Zaiyong An
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Qiulin Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food and Fermentation Engineering, Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research and Design Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Kunlun Li
- Jinan Hangchen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, China.
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Modulations of Cardiac Functions and Pathogenesis by Reactive Oxygen Species and Natural Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050760. [PMID: 34064823 PMCID: PMC8150787 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cardiac myocytes plays a critical role in regulating their physiological functions. Disturbance of balance between generation and removal of ROS is a major cause of cardiac myocyte remodeling, dysfunction, and failure. Cardiac myocytes possess several ROS-producing pathways, such as mitochondrial electron transport chain, NADPH oxidases, and nitric oxide synthases, and have endogenous antioxidation mechanisms. Cardiac Ca2+-signaling toolkit proteins, as well as mitochondrial functions, are largely modulated by ROS under physiological and pathological conditions, thereby producing alterations in contraction, membrane conductivity, cell metabolism and cell growth and death. Mechanical stresses under hypertension, post-myocardial infarction, heart failure, and valve diseases are the main causes for stress-induced cardiac remodeling and functional failure, which are associated with ROS-induced pathogenesis. Experimental evidence demonstrates that many cardioprotective natural antioxidants, enriched in foods or herbs, exert beneficial effects on cardiac functions (Ca2+ signal, contractility and rhythm), myocytes remodeling, inflammation and death in pathological hearts. The review may provide knowledge and insight into the modulation of cardiac pathogenesis by ROS and natural antioxidants.
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Wang X, Guo D, Li W, Zhang Q, Jiang Y, Wang Q, Li C, Qiu Q, Wang Y. Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) restricts MD2/TLR4-MyD88 complex formation and signalling in acute myocardial infarction-induced heart failure. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10677-10692. [PMID: 32757377 PMCID: PMC7521313 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) represents a major public health burden. Inflammation has been shown to be a critical factor in the progression of HF, regardless of the aetiology. Disappointingly, the majority of clinical trials targeting aspects of inflammation in patients with HF have been largely negative. Many clinical researches demonstrate that danshen has a good efficacy on HF, and however, whether danshen exerts anti‐inflammatory effects against HF remains unclear. In our study, the employment of a water extracted and alcohol precipitated of danshen extract attenuated cardiac dysfunction and inflammation response in acute myocardial infarction‐induced HF rats. Transcriptome technique and validation results revealed that TLR4 signalling pathway was involved in the anti‐inflammation effects of danshen. In vitro, danshen reduced the release of inflammatory mediators in LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Besides, the LPS‐stimulated macrophage conditioned media was applied to induce cardiac H9C2 cells injury, which could be attenuated by danshen. Furtherly, knock‐down and overexpression of TLR4 were utilized to confirm that danshen ameliorated inflammatory injury via MyD88‐dependent TLR4‐TRAF6‐NF‐κB signalling pathway in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, by utilizing co‐immunoprecipitation, danshen was proved to suppress MD2/TLR4 complex formation and MyD88 recruitment. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that danshen ameliorates inflammatory injury by controlling MD2/TLR4‐MyD88 complex formation and TLR4‐TRAF6‐NF‐κB signalling pathway in acute myocardial infarction‐induced HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dongqing Guo
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weili Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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