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Zhao P, He XB, Chen XY, Li ZL, Xing WJ, Liu W, Ren C, Han XD, Guo B. Celastrol inhibits mouse B16-F10 melanoma cell survival by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and repressing HIF-1α expression. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:178. [PMID: 38771435 PMCID: PMC11109042 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01045-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Melanoma, with its high degree of malignancy, stands as one of the most dangerous skin cancers and remains the primary cause of death from skin cancer. With studies demonstrating the potential of traditional Chinese medicine to intervene and treat melanoma, we turned our attention to celastrol. Celastrol is a triterpene compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine derived from Tripterygium wilfordii. Previous studies have shown that celastrol exerts inhibitory effects on various malignant tumors, including melanoma. Hence, our goal was to clarify the impact of celastrol on cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression by elucidating its effects on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. METHODS CCK-8 and wound healing assays were used to determine the effect of celastrol on the viability and migration of B16-F10 cells. Changes in cell apoptosis, cell cycle, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by flow cytometry. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway proteins and HIF-α mRNA expression in B16-F10 cells were detected by western blotting and qPCR. Moreover, the addition of a PI3K activator demonstrated that celastrol could inhibit the function of B16-F10 cells via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. RESULTS Celastrol inhibited the viability and migration of B16-F10 cells. Through the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway down-regulates the expression of HIF-α mRNA, thereby causing an increase of ROS in cells and a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential to promote cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The inhibitory effect of celastrol on B16-F10 cells was further demonstrated by co-culturing with a PI3K activator. CONCLUSION Celastrol inhibits the function of B16-F10 cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR cellular pathway and regulating the expression of downstream HIF-α mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhao
- Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Xing-Bo He
- Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Xin-Yue Chen
- Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Zhang-Long Li
- Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Wen-Jia Xing
- Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Cong Ren
- Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Xu-Dong Han
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Bin Guo
- Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China.
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2
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Ezzedine K, Bergqvist C, Baissac C, Cullell NP, Aroman MS, Taïeb C, Lim HW. Use of multiple correspondence analysis to explore associations between caregivers and sun protective habits during summer vacations. Clin Exp Dermatol 2023; 49:26-34. [PMID: 37539734 DOI: 10.1093/ced/llad260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) plays an important role in the development of keratinocyte carcinomas and melanomas. Therefore, sun protective measures ought to be implemented during early childhood. Young children are largely dependent upon adult care providers in order to achieve proper sun protection. OBJECTIVES To develop effective photoprotection in children, it is necessary to understand caregivers' attitudes and knowledge about UVR exposure. This study aimed to explore the variables associated with sun protective behaviour in parents and grandparents during summer vacations. METHODS A multinational, cross-sectional study was conducted using a web-based online survey with a representative sample of parents and grandparents of children aged ≤ 12 years, who cared for their children/grandchildren for at least 2 weeks during the summer of 2021, in five countries (France, Germany, Spain, Italy and the USA). Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was used to explore in an unbiased way the possible relationships among all the variables and to identify specific profiles. RESULTS A total of 6190 adult participants responded to the questionnaire: 5104 parents (average age 42.0 years, 54.3% women) and 1086 grandparents (average age 64.2 years, 55.5% women). MCA allowed discrimination of two groups of respondents based on their answers: a profile with 'unprotected sun exposure habits' vs. those with 'protective sun exposure habits'. Parents fell in closer proximity to the 'unprotected sun exposure habits', and 'sunburn reported in youngest child'. Grandparents adopted more cautious behaviours than parents. Nevertheless, grandparents fell in proximity to 'having exposed the grandchild to the sun between 11 h and 17.00 h', 'not using an umbrella' and 'not using sunglasses'. CONCLUSIONS Although grandparents appear to adopt more cautious behaviours than parents, many gaps in proper sun protection behaviour were observed in both groups of caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Ezzedine
- Department of Dermatology, AP-HP, Henri Mondor University Hospital, UPEC, Créteil, France
- EA 7379 EpidermE, Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Christina Bergqvist
- Department of Dermatology, AP-HP, Henri Mondor University Hospital, UPEC, Créteil, France
| | - Catherine Baissac
- Patient Centricity Department, Pharma, Dermocosmetics Care & Personal Care, Pierre Fabre, Toulouse, France
| | - Nuria Perez Cullell
- Patients & Consumers Division, Dermocosmetics Care & Personal Care, Pierre Fabre, Toulouse, France
| | - Marketa Saint Aroman
- Patients & Consumers Division, Dermocosmetics Care & Personal Care, Pierre Fabre, Toulouse, France
| | - Charles Taïeb
- Emma, Patient Priority Department, European Market Maintenance Assessment, Fontenay sous-bois, France
| | - Henry W Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
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3
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Pagliarello C, Girardelli CR, Feliciani C, Stanganelli I. Melanoma likelihood and relationship with nevi distribution: a case–control study among Italian patients. Int J Dermatol 2022; 61:e443-e445. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Claudio Feliciani
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Parma Parma Italy
| | - Ignazio Stanganelli
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Parma Parma Italy
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS Meldola Italy
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4
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Watts CG, McLoughlin K, Goumas C, van Kemenade CH, Aitken JF, Soyer HP, Fernandez Peñas P, Guitera P, Scolyer RA, Morton RL, Menzies SW, Caruana M, Kang YJ, Mann GJ, Chakera AH, Madronio CM, Armstrong BK, Thompson JF, Cust AE. Association Between Melanoma Detected During Routine Skin Checks and Mortality. JAMA Dermatol 2021; 157:1425-1436. [PMID: 34730781 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.3884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Importance Early melanoma diagnosis is associated with better health outcomes, but there is insufficient evidence that screening, such as having routine skin checks, reduces mortality. Objective To assess melanoma-specific and all-cause mortality associated with melanomas detected through routine skin checks, incidentally or patient detected. A secondary aim was to examine patient, sociodemographic, and clinicopathologic factors associated with different modes of melanoma detection. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective, population-based, cohort study included patients in New South Wales, Australia, who were diagnosed with melanoma over 1 year from October 23, 2006, to October 22, 2007, in the Melanoma Patterns of Care Study and followed up until 2018 (mean [SD] length of follow-up, 11.9 [0.3] years) by using linked mortality and cancer registry data. All patients who had invasive melanomas recorded at the cancer registry were eligible for the study, but the number of in situ melanomas was capped. The treating doctors recorded details of melanoma detection and patient and clinical characteristics in a baseline questionnaire. Histopathologic variables were obtained from pathology reports. Of 3932 recorded melanomas, data were available and analyzed for 2452 (62%; 1 per patient) with primary in situ (n = 291) or invasive (n = 2161) cutaneous melanoma. Data were analyzed from March 2020 to January 2021. Main Outcomes and Measures Melanoma-specific mortality and all-cause mortality. Results A total of 2452 patients were included in the analyses. The median age at diagnosis was 65 years (range, 16-98 years), and 1502 patients (61%) were men. A total of 858 patients (35%) had their melanoma detected during a routine skin check, 1148 (47%) self-detected their melanoma, 293 (12%) had their melanoma discovered incidentally when checking another skin lesion, and 153 (6%) reported "other" presentation. Routine skin-check detection of invasive melanomas was associated with 59% lower melanoma-specific mortality (subhazard ratio, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.28-0.60; P < .001) and 36% lower all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.54-0.76; P < .001), adjusted for age and sex, compared with patient-detected melanomas. After adjusting for prognostic factors including ulceration and mitotic rate, the associations were 0.68 (95% CI, 0.44-1.03; P = .13), and 0.75 (95% CI, 0.63-0.90; P = .006), respectively. Factors associated with higher odds of routine skin-check melanoma detection included being male (female vs male, odds ratio [OR], 0.73; 95% CI, 0.60-0.89; P = .003), having previous melanoma (vs none, OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.77-3.15; P < .001), having many moles (vs not, OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.10-1.77; P = .02), being 50 years or older (eg, 50-59 years vs <40 years, OR, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.92-4.34; P < .001), and living in nonremote areas (eg, remote or very remote vs major cities, OR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.05-1.04; P = .003). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study, melanomas diagnosed through routine skin checks were associated with significantly lower all-cause mortality, but not melanoma-specific mortality, after adjustment for patient, sociodemographic, and clinicopathologic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline G Watts
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia.,Surveillance, Epidemiology and Research Program, Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kirstie McLoughlin
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia.,Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Woolloomooloo, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chris Goumas
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Joanne F Aitken
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - H Peter Soyer
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia.,Dermatology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Pablo Fernandez Peñas
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Pascale Guitera
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Melanoma Diagnostic Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and New South Wales Health Pathology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rachael L Morton
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Scott W Menzies
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Melanoma Diagnostic Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Michael Caruana
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia.,Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Woolloomooloo, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yoon Jung Kang
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia.,Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Woolloomooloo, Sydney, Australia
| | - Graham J Mann
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Annette H Chakera
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christine M Madronio
- Nepean Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bruce K Armstrong
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - John F Thompson
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anne E Cust
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia.,Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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5
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Li Y, Li WQ, Li T, Qureshi AA, Cho E. Eye color and the risk of skin cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2021; 33:109-116. [PMID: 34687387 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-021-01508-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the most common skin cancers. The incidence rates of all three types of skin cancers have increased in the past three decades. Light pigmentary traits have been recognized as one of the host risk factors for skin cancer, but findings on associations between eye colors and risk of skin cancers have been inconsistent.We performed a prospective analysis to examine the association between eye colors and risk of skin cancers using the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS). Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate relative risks (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Effect modifications due to hair color and skin reaction to sun were also examined.The HPFS included 35,662 males. During a median follow-up of 19 years (1988-2012), 445 melanoma, 1123 SCC, and 7198 BCC cases were documented. Compared to those whose eye colors were dark or brown, participants with hazel/green/medium and blue/light colors had a 24% (RR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.06-1.45) and a 19% (RR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.01-1.41) higher risk of SCC, respectively. Similarly, a higher risk of BCC was observed in participants with hazel/green/medium eye colors (RR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09-1.23) and blue/light eye colors (RR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.10-1.25). We did not find significant associations between eye color and risk of melanoma. Lighter eye color was associated with increased risks of SCC and BCC among those with dark hair colors (p for interaction ≤ 0.02).In conclusion, in this large prospective study of men, we found that light eye colors were associated with higher risks of SCC and BCC, but not melanoma. Further studies are needed to confirm this association in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyao Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Wen-Qing Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Tricia Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abrar A Qureshi
- Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Eunyoung Cho
- Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA. .,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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6
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Pellegrini S, Elefanti L, Dall’Olmo L, Menin C. The Interplay between Nevi and Melanoma Predisposition Unravels Nevi-Related and Nevi-Resistant Familial Melanoma. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1077. [PMID: 34356093 PMCID: PMC8303673 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic susceptibility to nevi may affect the risk of developing melanoma, since common and atypical nevi are the main host risk factors implicated in the development of cutaneous melanoma. Recent genome-wide studies defined a melanoma polygenic risk score based on variants in genes involved in different pathways, including nevogenesis. Moreover, a predisposition to nevi is a hereditary trait that may account for melanoma clustering in some families characterized by cases with a high nevi density. On the other hand, familial melanoma aggregation may be due to a Mendelian inheritance of high/moderate-penetrance pathogenic variants affecting melanoma risk, regardless of the nevus count. Based on current knowledge, this review analyzes the complex interplay between nevi and melanoma predisposition in a familial context. We review familial melanoma, starting from Whiteman's divergent pathway model to overall melanoma development, distinguishing between nevi-related (cases with a high nevus count and a high polygenic risk score) and nevi-resistant (high/moderate-penetrance variant-carrier cases) familial melanoma. This distinction could better direct future research on genetic factors useful to identify high-risk subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Pellegrini
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (S.P.); (L.D.)
- Immunology and Diagnostic Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Lisa Elefanti
- Immunology and Diagnostic Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Luigi Dall’Olmo
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (S.P.); (L.D.)
- Soft-Tissue, Peritoneum and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Menin
- Immunology and Diagnostic Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy;
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7
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Dessinioti C, Geller AC, Stergiopoulou A, Dimou N, Lo S, Keim U, Gershenwald JE, Haydu LE, Dummer R, Mangana J, Hauschild A, Egberts F, Vieira R, Brinca A, Zalaudek I, Deinlein T, Evangelou E, Thompson JF, Scolyer RA, Peris K, Garbe C, Stratigos AJ. A multicentre study of naevus-associated melanoma vs. de novo melanoma, tumour thickness and body site differences. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:101-109. [PMID: 33454993 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether melanoma in histological contiguity with a naevus [naevus-associated melanoma (NAM)] is distinctly different from melanoma arising de novo remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To determine whether the characteristics of de novo melanoma differ from NAM and are not due to naevus obliteration in thicker tumours. METHODS We conducted a multicentre retrospective study of de novo melanoma and NAM in seven referral centres in Europe, Australia and the USA between 2006 and 2015. RESULTS In a total of 9474 localized melanomas, de novo melanoma was associated with thicker tumours and body site differences compared with NAM. In the subset of T1 melanomas (n = 5307), similar body site differences were found in multivariate analysis by body site. When compared with NAM, de novo melanoma was more likely to affect older individuals (≥ 70 years) when located on the head/neck [odds ratio (OR) 4·65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2·55-8·46], the trunk (OR 1·82, 95% CI 1·40-2·36) or the upper extremity (OR 1·69, 95% CI 1·14-2·50), was more likely to affect female patients when located on the lower extremities (OR 1·36, 95% CI 1·03-1·80), and was more likely to be of the nodular melanoma subtype (OR 2·23, 95% CI 1·14-4·35) when located on the trunk. De novo melanoma was less likely to have regression present compared with NAM. CONCLUSIONS Clinicopathological and body site differences between de novo melanoma and NAM support the divergent pathway model of development. These differences were also found in thin melanomas, suggesting that de novo melanomas are different from NAM and their differences are not due to the obliteration of naevus remnants in thicker tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dessinioti
- 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - A C Geller
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard TH School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Stergiopoulou
- 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - N Dimou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioaninna, Greece
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - S Lo
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - U Keim
- Centre for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - J E Gershenwald
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MD Anderson), Houston, TX, USA
| | - L E Haydu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MD Anderson), Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Mangana
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Hauschild
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - F Egberts
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - R Vieira
- Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Brinca
- Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - I Zalaudek
- Dermatology Clinic, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Division of Dermatology and Venerology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - T Deinlein
- Division of Dermatology and Venerology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - E Evangelou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioaninna, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - J F Thompson
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - R A Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- New South Wales Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - K Peris
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, UOC di Dermatologia, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dermatologia, Rome, Italy
| | - C Garbe
- Centre for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - A J Stratigos
- 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece
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8
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Laskar R, Ferreiro-Iglesias A, Bishop DT, Iles MM, Kanetsky PA, Armstrong BK, Law MH, Goldstein AM, Aitken JF, Giles GG, Cust AE. Risk factors for melanoma by anatomical site: an evaluation of aetiological heterogeneity. Br J Dermatol 2021; 184:1085-1093. [PMID: 33270213 PMCID: PMC9969114 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma aetiology has been proposed to have two pathways, which are determined by naevi and type of sun exposure and related to the anatomical site where melanoma develops. OBJECTIVES We examined associations with melanoma by anatomical site for a comprehensive set of risk factors including pigmentary and naevus phenotypes, ultraviolet radiation exposure and polygenic risk. METHODS We analysed harmonized data from 2617 people with incident first invasive melanoma and 975 healthy controls recruited through two population-based case-control studies in Australia and the UK. Questionnaire data were collected by interview using a single protocol, and pathway-specific polygenic risk scores were derived from DNA samples. We estimated adjusted odds ratios using unconditional logistic regression that compared melanoma cases at each anatomical site with all controls. RESULTS When cases were compared with control participants, there were stronger associations for many naevi vs. no naevi for melanomas on the trunk, and upper and lower limbs than on the head and neck (P-heterogeneity < 0·001). Very fair skin (vs. olive/brown skin) was more weakly related to melanoma on the trunk than to melanomas at other sites (P-heterogeneity = 0·04). There was no significant difference by anatomical site for polygenic risk. Increased weekday sun exposure was positively associated with melanoma on the head and neck but not on other sites. CONCLUSIONS We found evidence of aetiological heterogeneity for melanoma, supporting the dual pathway hypothesis. These findings enhance understanding of risk factors for melanoma and can guide prevention and skin examination education and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhina Laskar
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - D Timothy Bishop
- Leeds Institute of Haematology and Immunology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Mark M Iles
- Division of Haematology and Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James’s, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter A Kanetsky
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Bruce K Armstrong
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew H Law
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alisa M Goldstein
- Human Genetics Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joanne F Aitken
- Viertel Centre for Research in Cancer Control, the Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Anne E Cust
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- The Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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9
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School-based interventions to improve sun-safe knowledge, attitudes and behaviors in childhood and adolescence: A systematic review. Prev Med 2021; 146:106459. [PMID: 33609617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation exposure is the leading cause of skin cancer, and childhood and adolescence is a particularly susceptible life period for exposure. This systematic review assessed whether interventions in elementary and secondary school settings reduced sun exposure, sunburns, and development of melanocytic nevi, and improved sun-safe knowledge, attitudes and sun protection behaviors in childhood and adolescence. A systematic search up to June 2020 of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane and ProQuest databases was undertaken, for studies conducted among students in an elementary or secondary school setting that compared an intervention group with a pre-intervention or separate control group. Data were summarized using qualitative synthesis. Pooled effects from meta-analysis with random effects were also reported where appropriate. Sixty-five studies were included (22 randomized, 43 non-randomized). Most studies assessed measures of sun-safe behaviors, knowledge and attitudes (57, 48 and 33 studies, respectively), and observed improved sun protection behaviors and sun-safe knowledge, whereas few studies reduced time in the sun. About half improved participants' attitudes towards tanning desirability. Sunburns and nevus counts were less frequently assessed, but about half of these studies observed a reduction. There was substantial heterogeneity for outcomes except attitudes towards the desirability of tanning (pooled odds ratio from 6 studies: 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.70-0.94). Key positive intervention features included: elementary school settings, interactive features or multiple components, and incorporating social norm influences. Most studies were classified at high risk of bias. In conclusion, school-based sun-related interventions had positive impacts on behaviors and attitudes among elementary and secondary school children.
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10
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Cust A. A different finding on whether naevus numbers change during adulthood. Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:193. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A.E. Cust
- Sydney School of Public Health and the Melanoma Institute Australia The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
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11
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Betz-Stablein B, Koh U, Plasmeijer EI, Janda M, Aitken JF, Soyer HP, Green AC. Self-reported naevus density may lead to misclassification of melanoma risk. Br J Dermatol 2020; 182:1488-1490. [PMID: 31833052 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Betz-Stablein
- Cancer and Population studies, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - U Koh
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - E I Plasmeijer
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Janda
- Centre of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - J F Aitken
- Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - H P Soyer
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Dermatology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Australian Skin and Skin Cancer Research Centre, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - A C Green
- Cancer and Population studies, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Australian Skin and Skin Cancer Research Centre, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,CRUK Manchester Institute and University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, U.K
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