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Zhao Q, Fan Y, Zhao L, Zhu Y, Jiang Y, Gu J, Xue Y, Hao Z, Shen Q. Identification and molecular binding mechanism of novel pancreatic lipase and cholesterol esterase inhibitory peptides from heat-treated adzuki bean protein hydrolysates. Food Chem 2024; 439:138129. [PMID: 38100876 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Heat-treated adzuki bean protein hydrolysates exhibit lipid-reducing properties; however, few studies have reported pancreatic lipase (PL) and cholesterol esterase (CE) inhibitory effects and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we accomplished the identification of antiobesity peptides through peptide sequencing, virtual screening, and in vitro experiments. Furthermore, the mechanisms were investigated via molecular docking. The findings reveal that the action of pepsin and pancreatin resulted in the transformation of intact adzuki bean protein into smaller peptide fragments. The < 3 kDa fraction exhibited a high proportion of hydrophobic amino acids and displayed superior inhibitory properties for both PL and CE. Five novel antiobesity peptides (LLGGLDSSLLPH, FDTGSSFYNKPAG, IWVGGSGMDM, YLQGFGKNIL, and IFNNDPNNHP) were identified as PL and CE inhibitors. Particularly, IFNNDPNNHP exhibited the most robust biological activity. These peptides exerted their inhibitory action on PL and CE by occupying catalytic or substrate-binding sites through hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, salt bridges, and π-π stacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, Beijing 100083, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yimeng Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liangxing Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiqing Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuanrong Jiang
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200137
| | - Jie Gu
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200137
| | - Yong Xue
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhihui Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qun Shen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, Beijing 100083, China.
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2
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Xu Y, Su T, Mishra H, Ando R, Furutani Y, Lu J, Cai M, Suzuki H, Yu W, Qin XY. Corn Oligopeptide Alleviates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating the Sirtuin Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:6360-6371. [PMID: 38489847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the most prevalent type of chronic liver disease, spanning from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Corn oligopeptide (CP) is a functional peptide known for its diverse pharmacological effects on metabolism. In this study, we evaluated the protective activity of CP against fatty liver disease. Oral administration of CP significantly reduced body weight gain by 2.95%, serum cholesterol by 22.54%, and liver injury, as evidenced by a reduction of 32.19% in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and 49.10% in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in mice subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD). In a streptozotocin/HFD-induced NASH mouse model, CP attenuated body weight gain by 5.11%, liver injury (with a 34.15% decrease in AST and 11.43% decrease in ALT), and, to some extent, liver inflammation and fibrosis. Proteomic analysis revealed the modulation of oxidative phosphorylation and sirtuin (SIRT) signaling pathways by CP. Remarkably, CP selectively inhibited the hepatic expression of mitochondrial SIRT3 and SIRT5 in both HFD and NASH models. In summary, CP demonstrates a preventive effect against metabolic-stress-induced NAFLD progression by modulating oxidative stress and the SIRT signaling pathway, suggesting the potential of CP as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of NAFLD and advanced-stage NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Xu
- Laboratory for Cellular Function Conversion Technology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 2300045, Japan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ting Su
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hricha Mishra
- Laboratory for Cellular Function Conversion Technology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 2300045, Japan
| | - Reiko Ando
- Support Unit for Bio-Material Analysis, Research Resources Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako 3510106, Japan
| | - Yutaka Furutani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 1058461, Japan
| | - Jun Lu
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100016, China
| | - Muyi Cai
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100016, China
| | - Harukazu Suzuki
- Laboratory for Cellular Function Conversion Technology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 2300045, Japan
| | - Wenkui Yu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xian-Yang Qin
- Laboratory for Cellular Function Conversion Technology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 2300045, Japan
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Chen W, Yang F, Xu H, Pan J, Liu J, Dabbour M, Mintah BK, Huang L, Dai C, Ma H, He R. Hexagonal plate ultrasound pretreatment on the correlation between soy protein isolate structure and cholesterol-lowering activity of peptides, and protein's enzymolysis kinetics, thermodynamics. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128897. [PMID: 38141711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a hexagonal plate ultrasound (HPU) pretreatment technology was employed to modify soy protein isolate (SPI) and enhance the hypocholesterolemic activity of enzymatic digests from SPI. Results demonstrated that under the condition of ultrasound power density of 40 W/L, the hypocholesterolemic activity of enzymatic digests from HPU-pretreated SPI (HPU-SPI) increased by 88.40 % compared to control group after gastrointestinal digestion. The sulfhydryl content of HPU-SPI increased by a maximum of 45.32 % compared to control group. Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscopy revealed that HPU pretreatment partially unfolded the SPI conformation, reduced the intermolecular interactions, and exposed the internal hydrophobic regions. Pearson correlation analysis showed that sulfhydryl groups (r = 0.860), disulfide bonds (r = -0.875) and random coil (r = 0.917) were strongly correlated with the cholesterol-lowering activity of soy protein hydrolysate (SPH), following a simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Finally, the effects of HPU pretreatment on enzymolysis kinetics and thermodynamics of the SPI enzymatic process showed that HPU pretreatment significantly reduced the Mie's constant, activation energy, activation enthalpy, activation entropy and Gibbs free energy. Overall, the study outcome suggested that HPU pretreatment could positively influence the hypocholesterolemic peptide activity, and thus, may be beneficial to the pharmaceutical/food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Haining Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jiayin Pan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Shandong Yuwang Ecological Food Industry Co. Ltd., Yucheng 251200, China
| | - Mokhtar Dabbour
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, P.O. Box 13736, Moshtohor, Qaluobia, Egypt
| | - Benjamin Kumah Mintah
- CSIR - Food Research Institute, P.O. Box M20, Accra, Ghana; Department of Agro-processing Technology and Food Bio-sciences, CSIR College of Science and Technology (CCST), Accra, Ghana
| | - Liurong Huang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Chunhua Dai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Ronghai He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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Jin A, Kan Z, Tan Q, Shao J, Han Q, Chang Y, An N, Yi M. Supplementation with food-derived oligopeptides promotes lipid metabolism in young male cyclists: a randomized controlled crossover trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2023; 20:2254741. [PMID: 37674290 PMCID: PMC10486287 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2254741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of body fat and dyslipidemia are associated with the development of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases. Moreover, the degree to which lipids can be metabolized has been cited as a determinant of cardiometabolic health and prolonged endurance capacity. In the backdrop of increasing obesity and cardiometabolic diseases, lipid metabolism and its modulation by physical activity, dietary adjustments, and supplementation play a significant role in maintaining health and endurance. Food-derived oligopeptides, such as rice and soybean peptides, have been shown to directly regulate abnormal lipid metabolism or promote hypolipidemia and fat oxidation in cell culture models, animal models, and human studies. However, whether supplementation with oligopeptides derived from multiple food sources can promote lipid degradation and fat oxidation in athletes remains unclear. Therefore, in a randomized controlled crossover trial, we investigated the impact of food-derived oligopeptide supplementation before and during exercise on lipid metabolism in young male cyclists. METHODS Sixteen young male cyclists (age: 17.0 ± 1.0 years; height: 178.4 ± 6.9 cm; body mass: 68.7 ± 12.7 kg, body mass index: 21.5 ± 3.4 kg/m2; maximum oxygen uptake: 56.3 ± 5.8 mL/min/kg) participated in this randomized controlled crossover trial. Each participant drank two beverages, one containing a blend of three food-derived oligopeptides (treatment, 0.5 g/kg body weight in total) and the other without (control), with a 2-week washout period between two experiments. The cyclists completed a one-day pattern protocol that consisted of intraday fasting, 30 min of sitting still, 85 min of prolonged exercise plus a 5-min sprint (PE), a short recovery period of 60 min, a 20-min time trial (TT), and recovery till next morning. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analyses of serum lipids and other biomarkers. We analyzed plasma triglyceride species (TGs), free amino acids (FAAs), and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates using omics methods. In addition, exhaled gas was collected to assess the fat oxidation rate. RESULTS Five of 20 plasma FAAs were elevated pre-exercise (pre-Ex) only 20 min after oligopeptide ingestion, and most FAAs were markedly increased post PE and TT. Serum levels of TG and non-esterified fatty acids were lower in the experimental condition than in the control condition at the post PE and TT assessments, respectively. Further, the omics analysis of plasma TGs for the experimental condition demonstrated that most TGs were lower post PE and at the next fasting when compared with control levels. Simultaneously, the fat oxidation rate began to increase only 20 min after ingestion and during the preceding 85 min of PE. Levels of TCA cycle intermediates did not differ between the conditions. CONCLUSIONS The study noted that continuous ingestion of food-derived oligopeptides accelerated total body triglyceride breakdown, non-esterified fatty acid uptake, and fat oxidation during both sedentary and exercise states. Elevated circulating and intracellular FAA flux may modulate the selection of substrates for metabolic pathways in conjunction with the release of neuroendocrinological factors that slow down carbohydrate metabolism via acetyl coenzyme A feedback inhibition. This may increase the availability of fatty acids for energy production, with FAAs supplying more substrates for the TCA cycle. The findings of this study provide novel insight into strategies for promoting lipid metabolism in populations with dyslipidemia-related metabolic disorders such as obesity and for improving physiological functioning during endurance training. However, the absence of a non-exercising control group and verification of long-term supplementation effects was a limitation. Future studies will emphasize the impacts of whole protein supplementation as a control and of combined food-derived peptides or oligopeptides with probiotics and healthy food components on lipid metabolism in individuals who exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Jin
- Beijing Sport University, Exercise Biochemistry, Beijing, China
- National Institute of Sports Medicine, Center for Sports Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaobo Kan
- National Institute of Sports Medicine, Center for Sports Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Qiushi Tan
- National Institute of Sports Medicine, Center for Sports Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Shao
- National Institute of Sports Medicine, Center for Sports Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Han
- National Institute of Sports Medicine, Center for Sports Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Yashan Chang
- National Institute of Sports Medicine, Center for Sports Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Nan An
- National Institute of Sports Medicine, Center for Sports Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Muqing Yi
- National Institute of Sports Medicine, Center for Sports Nutrition, Beijing, China
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Guo J, Wang Y, Li P, Wu W, Xu F, Zhou K, Xu B. The modulatory effects on enterohepatic cholesterol metabolism of novel cholesterol-lowering peptides from gastrointestinal digestion of Xuanwei ham. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113391. [PMID: 37803728 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanism of in vitro protein digestive products of Xuanwei ham with different ripening periods on cholesterol metabolism and hypercholesterolemia. The results showed that compared with other gastrointestinal digestion (GID) groups, the GID group of Xuanwei ham with 3-year ripening period (XWH3-GID) inhibited the expression of Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) and acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) through hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha (HNF-1α), which in turn effectively inhibited cholesterol absorption in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Following absorption by Caco-2 cell monolayers, the XWH3-GID group suppressed the expression and secretion of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) via HNF-1α, which enhanced the protein expression and fluorescence intensity of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) on the HepG2 cell membrane, and thus promoted the uptake of low density lipoprotein (LDL). Importantly, three novel peptides (LFP, PKF and VPFP) derived from titin were identified after intestinal epithelial transport in the XWH3-GID group, which could exert cholesterol-lowering effects through inhibiting intestinal cholesterol absorption and promoting peripheral hepatic LDL uptake, and effectively ameliorate western diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in ApoE-/- mice. These results suggest that Xuanwei ham with 3-year ripening period can be used as a source of cholesterol-lowering peptides and has potential to intervene in hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Peijun Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Wenda Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Feiran Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Baocai Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China.
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Zhu Y, Chen G, Diao J, Wang C. Recent advances in exploring and exploiting soybean functional peptides-a review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1185047. [PMID: 37396130 PMCID: PMC10310054 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1185047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybeans are rich in proteins and phytochemicals such as isoflavones and phenolic compounds. It is an excellent source of peptides with numerous biological functions, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antidiabetic activities. Soy bioactive peptides are small building blocks of proteins that are released after fermentation or gastrointestinal digestion as well as by food processing through enzymatic hydrolysis, often in combination with novel food processing techniques (i.e., microwave, ultrasound, and high-pressure homogenization), which are associated with numerous health benefits. Various studies have reported the potential health benefits of soybean-derived functional peptides, which have made them a great substitute for many chemical-based functional elements in foods and pharmaceutical products for a healthy lifestyle. This review provides unprecedented and up-to-date insights into the role of soybean peptides in various diseases and metabolic disorders, ranging from diabetes and hypertension to neurodegenerative disorders and viral infections with mechanisms were discussed. In addition, we discuss all the known techniques, including conventional and emerging approaches, for the prediction of active soybean peptides. Finally, real-life applications of soybean peptides as functional entities in food and pharmaceutical products are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Zhu
- Hangzhou Joyoung Soymilk & Food Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Hangzhou Joyoung Soymilk & Food Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Diao
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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Yang F, Huang J, He H, Ju X, Ji Y, Deng F, Wang Z, He R. Study on the hypolipidemic activity of rapeseed protein-derived peptides. Food Chem 2023; 423:136315. [PMID: 37167672 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidaemia, a common chronic disease, is the cause of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. Generally, drugs for lowering blood lipids have disadvantages such as short or poor efficacy, high toxicity, and side effects. Rapeseed active peptides are excellent substitutes for lipid-lowering drugs because of their high biological safety, strong penetration, and easy absorption by the human body. This study separated and purified the rapeseed peptides using gel chromatography and mass spectrometry. Rapeseed peptides amino acid sequences were determined to obtain Glu-Phe-Leu-Glu-Leu-Leu (EFLELL) peptides with good hypolipidaemic activity and IC50 values of 0.1973 ± 0.05 mM (sodium taurocholate), 0.375 ± 0.03 mM (sodium cholate), and 0.203 ± 0.06 mM (sodium glycine cholate). The EFLELL hypolipidaemic activity was evaluated, and its mechanism of action was investigated using cell lines. Rapeseed peptide treatment significantly decreased the total cholesterol (T-CHO), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, and the protein and gene expression levels of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLR) suggested the mechanism. Molecular docking revealed that the binding energy between rapeseed peptide and LDLR-PCSK9 molecules was -6.3 kcal/mol and -8.1 kcal/mol. In conclusion, the rapeseed peptide EFLELL exerts a favourable hypolipidaemic effect by modulating the LDLR-PCSK9 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyu Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haiyan He
- College of Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Vocational Institute of Commerce, Nanjing 12047, China
| | - Xingrong Ju
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Ji
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Feng Deng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhigao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Rong He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.
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8
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Hu S, Liu C, Liu X. The Beneficial Effects of Soybean Proteins and Peptides on Chronic Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081811. [PMID: 37111030 PMCID: PMC10144650 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With lifestyle changes, chronic diseases have become a public health problem worldwide, causing a huge burden on the global economy. Risk factors associated with chronic diseases mainly include abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, elevated triglycerides, cancer, and other characteristics. Plant-sourced proteins have received more and more attention in the treatment and prevention of chronic diseases in recent years. Soybean is a low-cost, high-quality protein resource that contains 40% protein. Soybean peptides have been widely studied in the regulation of chronic diseases. In this review, the structure, function, absorption, and metabolism of soybean peptides are introduced briefly. The regulatory effects of soybean peptides on a few main chronic diseases were also reviewed, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and cancer. We also addressed the shortcomings of functional research on soybean proteins and peptides in chronic diseases and the possible directions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Hu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Caiyu Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xinqi Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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Zhu WW, Zhang Y, Tang CH. Maximizing cholesterol-lowering benefits of soy protein isolate by glycation with soy soluble polysaccharide. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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10
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Hypocholesterolemic effects of soy protein isolates from soybeans differing in 7S and 11S globulin subunits vary in rats fed a high cholesterol diet. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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11
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Zhang J, Liu M, Deng H, Zhao Y, Zhu Y, Bai J, Xiao X. Purification and Identification of Lipid-Lowering Protein from Barley Extract after Lactiplantibacillus plantarum dy-1 fermentation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14488-14498. [PMID: 36345907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have found that the protein in barley extract fermented by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum dy-1 has the ability to inhibit lipid accumulation. However, the isolation, purification, and structural identification of the protein with lipid-lowering activity were still needed. In the present study, barley protein fermented by L. plantarum dy-1 with the optimal lipid-lowering ability was isolated and purified in three steps: using ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography, and size-exclusion chromatography. Combined with the model of HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid, the results showed that the pure protein LFBEP-C1 had the best lipid-lowering potential. Furthermore, our research found that LFBEP-C1 enriched the content of hydrophobic amino acids in LFBEP-C1. Ultraviolet spectroscopy analysis indicated that the glycosidic bond in LFBEP-C1 was an O-type glycosidic bond. The FTIR and circular dichroism spectra indicated that α-helix and random coil were the main secondary structures of LFBEP-C1. Mass spectrometry determined the theoretical molecular weight of LFBEP-C1 as 48 kDa, and its amino acid coverage was 63%. These findings suggest that the protein LFBEP-C1 with the best lipid-lowering activity was isolated and purified, and its structural characteristics were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Inspection Quarantine Bureau Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center, Zhenjiang 212000, China
| | - Mengting Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Huan Deng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yansheng Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Juan Bai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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12
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Wang J, Xie Y, Luan Y, Guo T, Xiao S, Zeng X, Zhang S. Identification and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory activity verification of peptides from mouse lymphocytes. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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13
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A review on mechanisms of action of bioactive peptides against glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Chen H, Chen X, Chen X, Lin S, Cheng J, You L, Xiong C, Cai X, Wang S. New perspectives on fabrication of peptide-based nanomaterials in food industry: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Ji Y, Mao K, Gao J, Chitrakar B, Sadiq FA, Wang Z, Wu J, Xu C, Sang Y. Pear pomace soluble dietary fiber ameliorates the negative effects of high-fat diet in mice by regulating the gut microbiota and associated metabolites. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1025511. [PMID: 36337664 PMCID: PMC9633104 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1025511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and related metabolites are positively regulated by soluble dietary fiber (SDF). In this study, we explored the effects of SDF from pear pomace (PP) on the regulation of gut microbiota and metabolism in high-fat-diet-fed (HFD-fed) C57BL/6J male mice. The results showed that PP-SDF was able to maintain the HFD disrupted gut microbiota diversity with a significant increase in Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006, Akkermansia, and Bifidobacterium spp. The negative effects of high-fat diet were ameliorated by PP-SDF by regulating lipid metabolisms with a significant increase in metabolites like isobutyryl carnitine and dioscoretine. Correlation analysis revealed that gut microbiota, such as Akkermansia and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 in the PP-SDF intervention groups had strong positive correlations with isobutyryl carnitine and dioscoretin. These findings demonstrated that PP-SDF interfered with the host's gut microbiota and related metabolites to reduce the negative effects caused by a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Ji
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Kemin Mao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Bimal Chitrakar
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Faizan Ahmed Sadiq
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology and Food Sciences Unit, Melle, Belgium
| | - Zhongxuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jiangna Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Chao Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yaxin Sang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Ashaolu TJ, Khoder RM, Alkaltham MS, Nawaz A, Walayat N, Umair M, Khalifa I. Mechanism and technological evaluation of biopeptidal-based emulsions. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Jahandideh F, Bourque SL, Wu J. A comprehensive review on the glucoregulatory properties of food-derived bioactive peptides. Food Chem X 2022; 13:100222. [PMID: 35498998 PMCID: PMC9039931 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a group of metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, affects millions of people worldwide and is on the rise. Dietary proteins, from a wide range of food sources, are rich in bioactive peptides with antidiabetic properties. Notable examples include AGFAGDDAPR, a black tea-derived peptide, VRIRLLQRFNKRS, a β-conglycinin-derived peptide, and milk-derived peptide VPP, which have shown antidiabetic effects in diabetic rodent models through variety of pathways including improving beta-cells function, suppression of alpha-cells proliferation, inhibiting food intake, increasing portal cholecystokinin concentration, enhancing insulin signaling and glucose uptake, and ameliorating adipose tissue inflammation. Despite the immense research on glucoregulatory properties of bioactive peptides, incorporation of these bioactive peptides in functional foods or nutraceuticals is widely limited due to the existence of several challenges in the field of peptide research and commercialization. Ongoing research in this field, however, is fundamental to pave the road for this purpose.
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Key Words
- AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase
- Akt, Protein kinase B
- Bioactive peptides
- C/EBP-α, CCAAT/ enhancer binding protein alpha
- CCK, Cholecystokinin
- CCK-1R, CCK type 1 receptor
- DPP-IV, Dipeptidyl peptidase IV
- Diabetes mellitus
- ERK1/2, Extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2
- GIP, Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
- GLP-1, Glucagon-like peptide 1
- GLUT, Glucose transporter
- Glucose homeostasis
- IRS-1, Insulin receptor substrate-1
- Insulin resistance
- MAPK, Mitogen activated protein kinase
- PI3K, Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
- PPARγ, Peroxisome proliferator associated receptor gamma
- Reproductive dysfunction
- TZD, Thiazolidinedione
- cGMP, cyclic guanosine-monophosphate
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Jahandideh
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Stephane L Bourque
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Jianping Wu
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada.,Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
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Zhu WW, Tang CH. Mild preheating improves cholesterol-lowering benefits of soy protein via enhancing hydrophobicity of its gastrointestinal digests: An in vitro study. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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19
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da Silva JR, de Cerqueira e Silva MB, Philadelpho BO, de Souza VC, dos Santos JEM, Castilho MS, de Souza Ferreira E, Cilli EM. PyrGF and GSTLN peptides enhance pravastatin's inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Kim IS, Yang WS, Kim CH. Beneficial Effects of Soybean-Derived Bioactive Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8570. [PMID: 34445273 PMCID: PMC8395274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides present in foods are involved in nutritional functions by supplying amino acids; sensory functions related to taste or solubility, emulsification, etc.; and bioregulatory functions in various physiological activities. In particular, peptides have a wide range of physiological functions, including as anticancer agents and in lowering blood pressure and serum cholesterol levels, enhancing immunity, and promoting calcium absorption. Soy protein can be partially hydrolyzed enzymatically to physiologically active soy (or soybean) peptides (SPs), which not only exert physiological functions but also help amino acid absorption in the body and reduce bitterness by hydrolyzing hydrophobic amino acids from the C- or N-terminus of soy proteins. They also possess significant gel-forming, emulsifying, and foaming abilities. SPs are expected to be able to prevent and treat atherosclerosis by inhibiting the reabsorption of bile acids in the digestive system, thereby reducing blood cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and fat levels. In addition, soy contains blood pressure-lowering peptides that inhibit angiotensin-I converting enzyme activity and antithrombotic peptides that inhibit platelet aggregation, as well as anticancer, antioxidative, antimicrobial, immunoregulatory, opiate-like, hypocholesterolemic, and antihypertensive activities. In animal models, neuroprotective and cognitive capacity as well as cardiovascular activity have been reported. SPs also inhibit chronic kidney disease and tumor cell growth by regulating the expression of genes associated with apoptosis, inflammation, cell cycle arrest, invasion, and metastasis. Recently, various functions of soybeans, including their physiologically active functions, have been applied to health-oriented foods, functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. This review introduces some current results on the role of bioactive peptides found in soybeans related to health functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Sup Kim
- Advanced Bioresource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | | | - Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, Seoul 16419, Gyunggi-Do, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology, Seoul 16419, Gyunggi-Do, Korea
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21
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Heres A, Mora L, Toldrá F. Inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase enzyme by dipeptides identified in dry-cured ham. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-021-00058-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHigh cholesterolemia is a key risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, which are the main cause of mortality in developed countries. Most therapies are focused on the modulation of its biosynthesis through 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoAR) inhibitors. In this sense, food-derived bioactive peptides might act as promising health alternatives through their ability to interact with crucial enzymes involved in metabolic pathways, avoiding the adverse effects of synthetic drugs. Dry-cured ham has been widely described as an important source of naturally-generated bioactive peptides exerting ACEI-inhibitory activity, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory activity between others. Based on these findings, the aim of this work was to assess, for the first time, the in vitro inhibitory activity of HMG-CoAR exerted by dipeptides generated during the manufacturing of dry-cured ham, previously described with relevant roles on other bioactivities.The in vitro inhibitory activity of the dipeptides was assessed by measuring the substrate consumption rate of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase in their presence, with the following pertinent calculations.Further research was carried out to estimate the possible interactions of the most bioactive dipeptides with the enzyme by performing in silico analysis consisting of molecular docking approaches.Main findings showed DA, DD, EE, ES, and LL dipeptides as main HMG-CoAR inhibitors. Additionally, computational analysis indicated statin-like interactions of the dipeptides with HMG-CoAR.This study reveals, for the first time, the hypocholesterolemic potential of dry-cured ham-derived dipeptides and, at the same time, converges in the same vein as many reports that experimentally argue the cardiovascular benefits of dry-cured ham consumption due to its bioactive peptide content.
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22
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Alashi AM, Wu H, Aluko RE. Indigestible cowpea proteins reduced plasma cholesterol after long-term oral administration to Sprague-Dawley rats. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-021-00061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cowpea protein isolate (CPI) was subjected to various dry and wet heat pretreatments followed by sequential digestion with pepsin and pancreatin; the undigested residues were isolated as the indigestible cowpea proteins (ICPs). All the ICPs exhibited in vitro bile acid-binding capacity but ICP from the slow cooling-induced gelation had the highest yield (68%) and was used for rat feeding experiments to determine effect on plasma total cholesterol (TC). Groups consisting of 3 male and 3 female Sprague-Dawley rats each were fed hypercholesterolemic diets that contained casein only or casein that was partially substituted with ICP of CPI for 6 weeks. Results showed diet that contained 5% (w/w) ICP was more effective in preventing TC increase (1.8 mmol/L) when compared to increases of 9.34 and 4.15 mmol/L for CPI and casein only diets, respectively.
Graphical abstract
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23
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Abstract
Legumes are an essential food source worldwide. Their high-quality proteins, complex carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and relatively low-fat content make these an important functional food. Known to possess a multitude of health benefits, legume consumption is associated with the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Legume crude protein isolates and purified peptides possess many cardiopreventive properties. Here, we review selected economically valued legumes, their taxonomy and distribution, biochemical composition, and their protein components and the mechanism(s) of action associated with cardiovascular health. Most of the legume protein studies had shown upregulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor leading to increased binding and uptake, in effect significantly reducing total lipid levels in the blood serum and liver. This is followed by decreased biosynthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids. To understand the relationship of identified genes from legume studies, we performed gene network analysis, pathway, and gene ontology (GO) enrichment. Results showed that the genes were functionally interrelated while enrichment and pathway analysis revealed involvement in lipid transport, fatty acid and triglyceride metabolic processes, and regulatory processes. This review is the first attempt to collate all known mechanisms of action of legume proteins associated with cardiovascular health. This also provides a snapshot of possible targets leading to systems-level approaches to further investigate the cardiometabolic potentials of legumes.
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24
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Mahgoub S, Alagawany M, Nader M, Omar SM, Abd El-Hack ME, Swelum A, Elnesr SS, Khafaga AF, Taha AE, Farag MR, Tiwari R, Marappan G, El-Sayed AS, Patel SK, Pathak M, Michalak I, Al-Ghamdi ES, Dhama K. Recent Development in Bioactive Peptides from Plant and Animal Products and Their Impact on the Human Health. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1923027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Mahgoub
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig Egypt
| | - Maha Nader
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Safaa M. Omar
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Ayman Swelum
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shaaban S. Elnesr
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F. Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina’ Egypt
| | - Ayman E. Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina’ Egypt
| | - Mayada R. Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig’ Egypt
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Up Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gopi Marappan
- Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashraf S. El-Sayed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shailesh K. Patel
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly- Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mamta Pathak
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly- Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies,Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław’, Poland
| | - Etab S. Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdualziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly- Uttar Pradesh, India
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25
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Effect of a dietary intervention with functional foods on LDL-C concentrations and lipoprotein subclasses in overweight subjects with hypercholesterolemia: Results of a controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:2527-2534. [PMID: 33932799 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of global death. Hypercholesterolemia is among the main risk factors for developing cardiovascular events, and is highly prevalent in the Mexican population. The primary objective of the present work was to assess the effect of a dietary portfolio (DP) with functional foods containing dehydrated nopal, soy protein, chia seeds, inulin, and oats in LDL-C and TC concentrations of subjects with mild hypercholesterolemia. Also, we explored the changes in the profile of the lipoprotein subclasses measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). METHODS Sixty-two subjects (47 women, 15 men) with mild hypercholesterolemia (LDL-C, ≥130 ≤ 190 mg/dL, TC > 200 mg/dL) completed the randomized, parallel, controlled study. The dietary intervention was given in two stages. First, a dietary standardization stage with a low saturated fat diet (LSFD) which matched the habitual energy intake of the volunteers for 2-weeks, followed by 2.5 months of dietary intervention with a LSFD plus placebo (PL) or DP. RESULTS Subjects who consumed the LSFD + DP interventions had a significantly higher reduction of LDL-C (-18.05%, P = 0.003) and TC (-17.08%, P = 0.02) compared to volunteers who consumed an LSFD for the same period. Furthermore, the lipoprotein subclass profiling showed that the small low-density-lipoproteins, and the small high-density-lipoproteins significantly decreased (P = 0.04, P < 0.001, respectively), conveying a less atherogenic state. At the end of the study, 78% of the subjects who consumed LSFD + DP reduced their LDL-C below 160 mg/dL, and of these, 47% reduced it below 130 mg/dL. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results obtained from this study, the inclusion of functional foods as part of the lifestyle modifications is recommended to treat mild hypercholesterolemia and reduce cardiovascular risk. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT04148976.
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Peighambardoust SH, Karami Z, Pateiro M, Lorenzo JM. A Review on Health-Promoting, Biological, and Functional Aspects of Bioactive Peptides in Food Applications. Biomolecules 2021; 11:631. [PMID: 33922830 PMCID: PMC8145060 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Food-derived bioactive peptides are being used as important functional ingredients for health-promoting foods and nutraceuticals in recent times in order to prevent and manage several diseases thanks to their biological activities. Bioactive peptides are specific protein fractions, which show broad applications in cosmetics, food additives, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antithrombotic, and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory ingredients. These peptides can preserve consumer health by retarding chronic diseases owing to modulation or improvement of the physiological functions of human body. They can also affect functional characteristics of different foods such as dairy products, fermented beverages, and plant and marine proteins. This manuscript reviews different aspects of bioactive peptides concerning their biological (antihypertensive, antioxidative, antiobesity, and hypocholesterolemic) and functional (water holding capacity, solubility, emulsifying, and foaming) properties. Moreover, the properties of several bioactive peptides extracted from different foods as potential ingredients to formulate health promoting foods are described. Thus, multifunctional properties of bioactive peptides provide the possibility to formulate or develop novel healthy food products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zohreh Karami
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Mirian Pateiro
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - José M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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Kim IS, Kim CH, Yang WS. Physiologically Active Molecules and Functional Properties of Soybeans in Human Health-A Current Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4054. [PMID: 33920015 PMCID: PMC8071044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to providing nutrients, food can help prevent and treat certain diseases. In particular, research on soy products has increased dramatically following their emergence as functional foods capable of improving blood circulation and intestinal regulation. In addition to their nutritional value, soybeans contain specific phytochemical substances that promote health and are a source of dietary fiber, phospholipids, isoflavones (e.g., genistein and daidzein), phenolic acids, saponins, and phytic acid, while serving as a trypsin inhibitor. These individual substances have demonstrated effectiveness in preventing chronic diseases, such as arteriosclerosis, cardiac diseases, diabetes, and senile dementia, as well as in treating cancer and suppressing osteoporosis. Furthermore, soybean can affect fibrinolytic activity, control blood pressure, and improve lipid metabolism, while eliciting antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antibacterial effects. In this review, rather than to improve on the established studies on the reported nutritional qualities of soybeans, we intend to examine the physiological activities of soybeans that have recently been studied and confirm their potential as a high-functional, well-being food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Sup Kim
- Advanced Bio-resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, Gyunggi-Do 16419, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology, Gyunggi-Do 16419, Korea
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Identification of Potential Peptide Inhibitors of ACE-2 Target of SARS-CoV-2 from Buckwheat & Quinoa. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021; 27:1799-1813. [PMID: 33850482 PMCID: PMC8030649 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
It is well established fact that peptides from various foods offer human health benefits displaying diverse functionalities. Millets considered as super foods is a major alternative in recent days for traditional diet being rich in proteins and fibre along with trace minerals and vitamins. In this connection, proteins from Buckwheat and Quinoa were digested by in vitro simulation digestion for the generation of peptides, analyzed by nLC-MS/MS and the functional annotations of the identified proteins/peptides were carried out. The study led to the identification of 34 small peptides and their parent proteins clustered into 4 gene functional groups and their localization prediction indicated their involvement in energy metabolism, transport and storage. Interestingly, the identified peptides maximally displayed DPP-IV and ACE inhibitions. The present study was extended to unravel ACE-2 inhibition targeting COVID-19 by selecting ACE-2-Spike binding domain for molecular docking studies. The NWRTVKYG interacted with the ACE-2-Spike interface displaying the feasible binding energy (− 213.63) and docking score (− 12.43) and the MD simulation revealed the ability of the peptide in stabilizing the protein-peptide composite. The present investigation thus establishes newer vista for food derived peptides having ACE-2 inhibitory potential as tentative strategy for SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics.
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29
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HPP and SGQR peptides from silkworm pupae protein hydrolysates regulated biosynthesis of cholesterol in HepG2 cell line. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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30
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Barati M, Javanmardi F, Mousavi Jazayeri SMH, Jabbari M, Rahmani J, Barati F, Nickho H, Davoodi SH, Roshanravan N, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Techniques, perspectives, and challenges of bioactive peptide generation: A comprehensive systematic review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:1488-1520. [PMID: 33337080 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Due to the digestible refractory and absorbable structures of bioactive peptides (BPs), they could induce notable biological impacts on the living organism. In this regard, the current study was devoted to providing an overview regarding the available methods for BPs generation by the aid of a systematic review conducted on the published articles up to April 2019. In this context, the PubMed and Scopus databases were screened to retrieve the related publications. According to the results, although the characterization of BPs mainly has been performed using enzymatic and microbial in-vitro methods, they cannot be considered as suitable techniques for further stimulation of digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, new approaches for both in-vivo and in-silico methods for BPs identification should be developed to overcome the obstacles that belonged to the current methods. The purpose of this review was to compile the recent analytical methods applied for studying various aspects of food-derived biopeptides, and emphasizing generation at in vitro, in vivo, and in silico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meisam Barati
- Student Research Committee, Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Javanmardi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Masoumeh Jabbari
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamal Rahmani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Barati
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Nickho
- Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Hossein Davoodi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetic, National Institute and Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology; Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Roshanravan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Feliciano RJ, Boué G, Membré JM. Overview of the Potential Impacts of Climate Change on the Microbial Safety of the Dairy Industry. Foods 2020; 9:E1794. [PMID: 33287137 PMCID: PMC7761758 DOI: 10.3390/foods9121794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is expected to affect many different sectors across the food supply chain. The current review paper presents an overview of the effects of climate change on the microbial safety of the dairy supply chain and suggest potential mitigation strategies to limit the impact. Raw milk, the common raw material of dairy products, is vulnerable to climate change, influenced by changes in average temperature and amount of precipitation. This would induce changes in the microbial profile and heat stress in lactating cows, increasing susceptibility to microbial infection and higher levels of microbial contamination. Moreover, climate change affects the entire dairy supply chain and necessitates adaptation of all the current food safety management programs. In particular, the review of current prerequisite programs might be needed as well as revisiting the current microbial specifications of the receiving dairy products and the introduction of new pretreatments with stringent processing regimes. The effects on microbial changes during distribution and consumer handling also would need to be quantified through the use of predictive models. The development of Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) models, considering the whole farm-to-fork chain to evaluate risk mitigation strategies, will be a key step to prioritize actions towards a climate change-resilient dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jeanne-Marie Membré
- Secalim UMR1014, INRAE, Oniris Chantrerie, CS 40706, CEDEX 3, 44307 Nantes, France; (R.J.F.); (G.B.)
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32
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Márquez AB, Nazir S, van der Vorst EP. High-Density Lipoprotein Modifications: A Pathological Consequence or Cause of Disease Progression? Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120549. [PMID: 33260660 PMCID: PMC7759904 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is well-known for its cardioprotective effects, as it possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-thrombotic, and cytoprotective properties. Traditionally, studies and therapeutic approaches have focused on raising HDL cholesterol levels. Recently, it became evident that, not HDL cholesterol, but HDL composition and functionality, is probably a more fruitful target. In disorders, such as chronic kidney disease or cardiovascular diseases, it has been observed that HDL is modified and becomes dysfunctional. There are different modification that can occur, such as serum amyloid, an enrichment and oxidation, carbamylation, and glycation of key proteins. Additionally, the composition of HDL can be affected by changes to enzymes such as cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP), lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), and phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) or by modification to other important components. This review will highlight some main modifications to HDL and discuss whether these modifications are purely a consequential result of pathology or are actually involved in the pathology itself and have a causal role. Therefore, HDL composition may present a molecular target for the amelioration of certain diseases, but more information is needed to determine to what extent HDL modifications play a causal role in disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bonnin Márquez
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (A.B.M.); (S.N.)
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sumra Nazir
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (A.B.M.); (S.N.)
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Emiel P.C. van der Vorst
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (A.B.M.); (S.N.)
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-241-80-36914
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33
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Jiang X, Pan D, Zhang T, Liu C, Zhang J, Su M, Wu Z, Zeng X, Sun Y, Guo Y. Novel milk casein–derived peptides decrease cholesterol micellar solubility and cholesterol intestinal absorption in Caco-2 cells. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:3924-3936. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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34
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Metabolic Syndrome-Preventive Peptides Derived from Milk Proteins and Their Presence in Cheeses: A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10082772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as the occurrence of diet-related diseases such as abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia (insulin resistance) and hypertension. Milk-derived peptides are well-known agents acting against high blood pressure, blood glucose level, and lipoprotein disproportion. The aim of this review are metabolic syndrome-preventive peptides derived from milk proteins which were identified in cheeses. Special attention was paid to the sequences acting as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DDP4), and α-glucosidase inhibitors, as well as antioxidative, hypocholesterolemic, antiobesity, and anti-inflammatory agents. Some results of meta-analyses concerning the consumption of cheese and the risk of MetS diseases were also presented.
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35
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Zanoni P, von Eckardstein A. Inborn errors of apolipoprotein A-I metabolism: implications for disease, research and development. Curr Opin Lipidol 2020; 31:62-70. [PMID: 32022753 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We review current knowledge regarding naturally occurring mutations in the human apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1) gene with a focus on their clinical complications as well as their exploitation for the elucidation of structure-function-(disease) relationships and therapy. RECENT FINDINGS Bi-allelic loss-of-function mutations in APOA1 cause HDL deficiency and, in the majority of patients, premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and corneal opacities. Heterozygous HDL-cholesterol decreasing mutations in APOA1 were associated with increased risk of ASCVD in several but not all studies. Some missense mutations in APOA1 cause familial amyloidosis. Structure-function-reationships underlying the formation of amyloid as well as the manifestion of amyloidosis in specific tissues are better understood. Lessons may also be learnt from the progress in the treatment of amyloidoses induced by transthyretin variants. Infusion of reconstituted HDL (rHDL) containing apoA-I (Milano) did not cause regression of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries of patients with acute coronary syndrome. However, animal experiments indicate that rHDL with apoA-I (Milano) or apoA-I mimetic peptides may be useful for the treatment of heart failure of inflammatory bowel disease. SUMMARY Specific mutations in APOA1 are the cause of premature ASCVD or familial amyloidosis. Synthetic mimetics of apoA-I (mutants) may be useful for the treatment of several diseases beyond ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Zanoni
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich
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36
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Wanezaki S, Saito S, Inoue N, Tachibana N, Yanagita T, Nagao K. Hydrophilic β-conglycinin Peptide Reduces Hepatic Triglyceride Accumulation in Obese Model OLETF Rats. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.26.797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shintaro Saito
- Department of Biological Resource Science, Saga University
| | - Nao Inoue
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University
| | | | | | - Koji Nagao
- Department of Biological Resource Science, Saga University
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Identification of a novel cholesterol-lowering dipeptide, phenylalanine-proline (FP), and its down-regulation of intestinal ABCA1 in hypercholesterolemic rats and Caco-2 cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19416. [PMID: 31857643 PMCID: PMC6923426 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56031-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been no report about in vivo active cholesterol-lowering dipeptide in any protein origin, despite their potential health benefits. Cattle heart protein hydrolysate ultra-filtrate (HPHU, molecular weight < ca. 1,000 Da peptide mixture) exhibits cholesterol-lowering activity in hypercholesterolemic rats, but the active peptide in HPHU that lowers serum cholesterol levels and its molecular mechanism are unknown. In this study, we separated and purified HPHU to identify a novel cholesterol-lowering dipeptide (phenylalanine-proline, FP) and characterized the mechanism underlying its effects in vivo and in vitro. We identified FP as an active peptide from HPHU by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. FP significantly decreased serum total and non-HDL cholesterol and hepatic cholesterol levels in rats. FP significantly increased serum HDL cholesterol, accompanied by a significant decrease in the atherogenic index. FP also significantly increased fecal cholesterol and acidic steroid excretion. Moreover, FP significantly decreased ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) expression in the rat jejunum and reduced cholesterol absorption in Caco-2 cells. We found a novel cholesterol-lowering dipeptide FP that could improve cholesterol metabolism via the down-regulation of intestinal ABCA1. The cholesterol-lowering action induced by FP was disappeared in PepT1KO mice. FP-induced cholesterol-lowering action is mediated via PepT1 in mice.
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Nagaoka S. Mystery of Cholesterol-Lowering Peptides, Lactostatin and Soystatin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:3993-3994. [PMID: 29582650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nagaoka
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences , Gifu University , Gifu 501-1193 , Japan
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