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Chen H, Li J, Li S, Wang X, Xu G, Li M, Li G. Research progress of procyanidins in repairing cartilage injury after anterior cruciate ligament tear. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26070. [PMID: 38420419 PMCID: PMC10900419 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is a common sports-related injury, and cartilage injury always emerges as a serious complication following ACL tear, significantly impacting the physical and psychological well-being of affected individuals. Over the years, efforts have been directed toward finding strategies to repair cartilage injury after ACL tear. In recent times, procyanidins, known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, have emerged as potential key players in addressing this concern. This article focuses on summarizing the research progress of procyanidins in repairing cartilage injury after ACL tear. It covers the roles, mechanisms, and clinical significance of procyanidins in repairing cartilage injury following ACL tear and explores the future prospects of procyanidins in this domain. This review provides novel insights and hope for the repair of cartilage injury following ACL tear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Chen
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Major in Clinical Medicine, First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingrui Li
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Major in Clinical Medicine, First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shaofei Li
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Major in Clinical Medicine, First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Major in Clinical Medicine, Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ge Xu
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Major in Clinical Medicine, First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Molan Li
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Major in Clinical Medicine, First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guangjie Li
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Gao XY, Li XY, Zhang CY, Bai CY. Scopoletin: a review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1268464. [PMID: 38464713 PMCID: PMC10923241 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1268464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Scopoletin is a coumarin synthesized by diverse medicinal and edible plants, which plays a vital role as a therapeutic and chemopreventive agent in the treatment of a variety of diseases. In this review, an overview of the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of scopoletin is provided. In addition, the prospects and outlook for future studies are appraised. Scopoletin is indicated to have antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammation, anti-angiogenesis, anti-oxidation, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective properties and immunomodulatory effects in both in vitro and in vivo experimental trials. In addition, it is an inhibitor of various enzymes, including choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase, and monoamine oxidase. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated the low bioavailability, rapid absorption, and extensive metabolism of scopoletin. These properties may be associated with its poor solubility in aqueous media. In addition, toxicity research indicates the non-toxicity of scopoletin to most cell types tested to date, suggesting that scopoletin will neither induce treatment-associated mortality nor abnormal performance with the test dose. Considering its favorable pharmacological activities, scopoletin has the potential to act as a drug candidate in the treatment of cancer, liver disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, and mental disorders. In view of its merits and limitations, scopoletin is a suitable lead compound for the development of new, efficient, and low-toxicity derivatives. Additional studies are needed to explore its molecular mechanisms and targets, verify its toxicity, and promote its oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Gao
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Evaluation of Chinese and Mongolian Pharmacy at Chifeng University, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Xu-Yang Li
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Evaluation of Chinese and Mongolian Pharmacy at Chifeng University, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Chun-Ying Bai
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
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Chen GY, Liu XY, Yan XE, Yu X, Liu Y, Luo J, Tao QW. Total Flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae Treat Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting Arachidonic Acid Metabolites Through AMPK/NFκB Pathway. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4123-4140. [PMID: 37750171 PMCID: PMC10518150 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s418345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous clinical studies have found that total flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae (TFRD) have a good therapeutic effect on osteoarthritis (OA), but its therapeutic mechanism needs further research. Methods OA rat model was established by Hulth method and was intervened by TFRD. Pathological assessments were conducted to assess the protective effect of TFRD on cartilage. Serum metabolomics and network pharmacology were detected to predict the mechanism of TFRD treating OA. In further experiments, molecular biology experiment was carried out to confirm the predicted mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. Results TFRD can effectively reduce chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage degeneration in OA model rats. Serum metabolomics revealed that the intervention effect may be closely related to arachidonic acid metabolism pathway. Network pharmacologic prediction showed that COX-2 was the key target of TFRD in treating OA, and its mechanism might be related with NFκB, apoptosis, AMPK and arachidonic acid metabolism pathway. In vivo experiments indicated that TFRD can inhibit the abnormal expression of COX-2 mRNA in OA model rats. In the in vitro studies, the expression of COX-2 mRNA and protein increased, AMPK phosphorylation was inhibited, and NFκB signaling pathway was activated in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes, and these changes can be reversed by TFRD. After the activation of AMPK signaling pathway or the block-down of NFκB signaling pathway, the effect of TFRD on COX-2 mRNA expression was significantly weakened. Conclusion TFRD can inhibit COX-2-mediated arachidonic acid metabolites, and its mechanism is closely related to AMPK/NFκB pathway, which may be a key mechanism in the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yao Chen
- Department of TCM Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Er Yan
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - XinBo Yu
- Department of TCM Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Humanities School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of TCM Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-Wen Tao
- Department of TCM Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Mishchenko O, Yanovska A, Kosinov O, Maksymov D, Moskalenko R, Ramanavicius A, Pogorielov M. Synthetic Calcium-Phosphate Materials for Bone Grafting. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3822. [PMID: 37765676 PMCID: PMC10536599 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic bone grafting materials play a significant role in various medical applications involving bone regeneration and repair. Their ability to mimic the properties of natural bone and promote the healing process has contributed to their growing relevance. While calcium-phosphates and their composites with various polymers and biopolymers are widely used in clinical and experimental research, the diverse range of available polymer-based materials poses challenges in selecting the most suitable grafts for successful bone repair. This review aims to address the fundamental issues of bone biology and regeneration while providing a clear perspective on the principles guiding the development of synthetic materials. In this study, we delve into the basic principles underlying the creation of synthetic bone composites and explore the mechanisms of formation for biologically important complexes and structures associated with the various constituent parts of these materials. Additionally, we offer comprehensive information on the application of biologically active substances to enhance the properties and bioactivity of synthetic bone grafting materials. By presenting these insights, our review enables a deeper understanding of the regeneration processes facilitated by the application of synthetic bone composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Mishchenko
- Department of Surgical and Propaedeutic Dentistry, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 26, Prosp. Mayakovskogo, 69035 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine; (O.M.); (O.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Anna Yanovska
- Theoretical and Applied Chemistry Department, Sumy State University, R-Korsakova Street, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Oleksii Kosinov
- Department of Surgical and Propaedeutic Dentistry, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 26, Prosp. Mayakovskogo, 69035 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine; (O.M.); (O.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Denys Maksymov
- Department of Surgical and Propaedeutic Dentistry, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 26, Prosp. Mayakovskogo, 69035 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine; (O.M.); (O.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Roman Moskalenko
- Department of Pathology, Sumy State University, R-Korsakova Street, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine;
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Maksym Pogorielov
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sumy State University, R-Korsakova Street, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine;
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Iela 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
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Leal SS, Gusmão GODM, Uchôa VT, Figueiredo-Silva J, Pinto LSS, Tim CR, Assis L, Maia-Filho ALM, de Oliveira RA, Lobo AO, Pavinatto A. Evaluation of How Methacrylate Gelatin Hydrogel Loaded with Ximenia americana L. Extract (Steam Bark) Effects Bone Repair Activity Using Rats as Models. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:438. [PMID: 37754851 PMCID: PMC10531560 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of bioactive materials, such as Ximenia americana L., to stimulate the bone repair process has already been studied; however, the synergistic effects of its association with light emitting diode (LED) have not been reported. The present work aims to evaluate the effect of its stem bark extract incorporated into methacrylate gelatin hydrogel (GelMA) on the bone repair process using pure hydrogel and hydrogel associated with LED therapy. For this purpose, the GelMA hydrogel loaded with Ximenia americana L. extract (steam bark) was produced, characterized and applied in animal experiments. The tests were performed using 50 male Wistar rats (divided into 5 groups) submitted to an induced tibia diaphyseal fracture. The therapy effects were verified for a period of 15 and 30 days of treatment using histological analysis and Raman spectroscopy. After 15 days of induced lesion/treatment, the new bone formation was significantly higher in the GXG (GelMA + X. americana L.) group compared to the control group (p < 0.0001). After 30 days, a statistically significant difference was observed when comparing the GXLEDG (GelMA + X. americana L. + LED) and the control group (p < 0.0001), the GXG and the control group (p < 0.001), and when comparing the GG, GXG (p < 0.005) and GXLEDG (p < 0.001) groups. The results shows that the Ximenia americana L. stem extract incorporated into GelMA hydrogel associated with LED therapy is a potentiator for animal bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seânia Santos Leal
- Scientific and Technological Institute, Brazil University, São Paulo 08230-030, Brazil; (S.S.L.); (C.R.T.); (L.A.)
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center, State University of Piauí, Teresina 64002-150, Brazil; (J.F.-S.); (L.S.S.P.); (A.L.M.M.-F.)
| | | | | | - José Figueiredo-Silva
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center, State University of Piauí, Teresina 64002-150, Brazil; (J.F.-S.); (L.S.S.P.); (A.L.M.M.-F.)
| | - Lucielma Salmito Soares Pinto
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center, State University of Piauí, Teresina 64002-150, Brazil; (J.F.-S.); (L.S.S.P.); (A.L.M.M.-F.)
| | - Carla R. Tim
- Scientific and Technological Institute, Brazil University, São Paulo 08230-030, Brazil; (S.S.L.); (C.R.T.); (L.A.)
| | - Lívia Assis
- Scientific and Technological Institute, Brazil University, São Paulo 08230-030, Brazil; (S.S.L.); (C.R.T.); (L.A.)
| | - Antonio Luiz Martins Maia-Filho
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Research Center, State University of Piauí, Teresina 64002-150, Brazil; (J.F.-S.); (L.S.S.P.); (A.L.M.M.-F.)
| | | | - Anderson Oliveira Lobo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials (LIMAV), Materials Science & Engineering Graduate Program (PPGCM), Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Adriana Pavinatto
- Scientific and Technological Institute, Brazil University, São Paulo 08230-030, Brazil; (S.S.L.); (C.R.T.); (L.A.)
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Sartinah A, Nugrahani I, Ibrahim S, Anggadiredja K. Potential metabolites of Arecaceae family for the natural anti-osteoarthritis medicine: A review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12039. [PMID: 36561673 PMCID: PMC9763769 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the joints caused by fluid and cartilage matrix component reduction. This disease results in symptoms of pain, deformity, and limitation of movement. In general, OA is treated with anti-inflammatory drugs and chondroprotection compounds, includes natural nutraceutical ingredients, which are expected to be effective and have minimal side effects. Arecaceae plants are widely spread worldwide, especially in tropical areas. The objective of this review is to collect information about the Arecaceae family as anti-OA agents, with the main study focusing on the primary and secondary metabolites of plants of the Arecaceae family, i.e., sugar palm (Arenga pinnata), nipa palm (Nypa fruticans), palmyra palm (Borassus flabellifer), date palm (Phoenix dactylifera), and betel nut (Areca catechu) have potential as anti-OA agents. The Arecaceae's metabolites that show anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects are galactomannan, fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic acids), flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, isorhamnetin), phenolics (coumaric acid, ferulic acid), polyphenols (epicatechin), and steroids (stigmasterol, campesterol, spirostane). Based on the reports, the Arecaceae family plants become worthy of being explored and developed into natural anti-OA products, such as supplements or nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Sartinah
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Ilma Nugrahani
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Slamet Ibrahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Indonesia
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Grigore A, Vulturescu V. Natural Approach in Osteoarthritis Therapy. RECENT ADVANCES IN INFLAMMATION & ALLERGY DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 16:26-31. [PMID: 35362392 DOI: 10.2174/2772270816666220331163707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease worldwide, and its rising prevalence is supported by factors such as obesity and sedentariness. At the molecular level, it is considered an inflammatory disease that leads to the destruction of articular cartilage. Effective therapy to end the degenerative process of arthritis remains elusive, and most therapeutic tools prevent the progress or alleviate the symptoms. By now, medicines for OA are available for oral, topical, or intra-articular (IA) therapy and include analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, and hyaluronic acid. Compared with conventional oral administration, IA therapy has multiple advantages in terms of bioavailability, efficacy, and toxicity. This review aims to study the underlying beneficial effects of herbal medicine in OA therapy and to open new research perspectives. Herbal medicine administered orally or topically exhibits pharmacological properties that could be relevant for their beneficial effect in OA, mainly anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. There are few studies regarding IA injections of plant extracts/ compounds and none related to any combination with agents already used in the clinic. Designing natural pharmaceutical formulations with increased bioavailability that are safe, lack side effects, and are specifically tested, would be a plus for research on medicinal plants and a novelty for the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Grigore
- National Institute for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development-ICCF Bucharest, Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies Department, Calea Vitan, No. 112, 3rd District, 031299 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Virginia Vulturescu
- National Institute for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development-ICCF Bucharest, Pharmacology Department, Calea Vitan, No. 112, 3rd District, 031299 Bucharest, Romania
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Siraj MA, Jacobs AT, Tan GT. Altersolanol B, a fungal tetrahydroanthraquinone, inhibits the proliferation of estrogen receptor-expressing (ER+) human breast adenocarcinoma by modulating PI3K/AKT, p38/ERK MAPK and associated signaling pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 359:109916. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Antika LD, Tasfiyati AN, Hikmat H, Septama AW. Scopoletin: a review of its source, biosynthesis, methods of extraction, and pharmacological activities. Z NATURFORSCH C 2022; 77:303-316. [PMID: 35218175 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2021-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Scopoletin, also known as 6-methoxy-7 hydroxycoumarin, is one of the naturally occurring coumarin commonly found in many edible plants and plays an important role in human health. Despite the various potential pharmacological properties, the biosynthesis process, method of extraction, and mechanism of action on this compound have not been documented well. In this current review, the biosynthesis pathway, distribution of scopoletin in the plant kingdom, and extraction techniques are elaborated. The in vitro, in vivo, and in silico pharmacological studies are also discussed on antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammation, and neuroprotective aspects of scopoletin. This study may help to understand the benefit of scopoletin containing plants and would be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Dwi Antika
- Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, PUSPIPTEK Area Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314, Indonesia
| | - Aprilia Nur Tasfiyati
- Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, PUSPIPTEK Area Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314, Indonesia
| | - Hikmat Hikmat
- Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, PUSPIPTEK Area Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314, Indonesia
| | - Abdi Wira Septama
- Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, PUSPIPTEK Area Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314, Indonesia
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Rathinasabapathy T, Sakthivel LP, Komarnytsky S. Plant-Based Support of Respiratory Health during Viral Outbreaks. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2064-2076. [PMID: 35147032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses are linked to major epidemic events that have plagued humans through recorded history and possibly much earlier, ranging from common colds, influenza, and coronavirus infections to measles. However, difficulty in developing effective pharmaceutical solutions to treat infected individuals has hindered efforts to manage and minimize respiratory viral outbreaks and the associated mortality. Here we highlight a series of botanical interventions with different and often overlapping putative mechanisms of action to support the respiratory system, for which the bioactive pharmacophore was suggested and the initial structure-activity relationships have been explored (Bupleurum spp., Glycyrrhiza spp., Andrographis spp.), have been proposed with uncertainty (Echinacea spp., Zingiber spp., Verbascum spp., Marrubium spp.), or remained to be elucidated (Sambucus spp., Urtica spp.). Investigating these metabolites and their botanical sources holds potential to uncover new mediators of the respiratory health outcomes as well as molecular targets for future break-through therapeutic interventions targeting respiratory viral outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirumurugan Rathinasabapathy
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Lakshmana Prabu Sakthivel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Engineering, Anna University BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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Xu J, Chen H, Deng X, Jiao Y, Guo Q, Zhang T, Jiang H, Xu H, Wang P, Liu C. Integrative pharmacology powers the detection of active components and mechanism underlying Wang Bi granules in rheumatoid arthritis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 209:114468. [PMID: 34836709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In China, Wang Bi Granule (WBG)2, composed of 16 herbal and 1 animal-based compounds, is used for clinical treatment of the "Wang Bi" syndrome, commonly referred to as later rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in modern medicine. It is also used in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis, tuberculous arthritis, and Kashin-Beck disease, which are characterized by joint pain and swelling deformation. However, its pharmacological mechanisms remain unknown. We aimed to characterize the chemical components in WBG and examine the underlying mechanism for RA treatment using integrative pharmacological strategy, including chemical composition detection, efficacy evaluation, and mechanism exploration. We employed UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS to describe the chemical profile of WBG. TNF-α-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were used to simulate the inflammatory processes in RA and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of WBG. Network pharmacology was used to determine the mechanism underlying WBG action in RA. A total of 278 chemical components were identified or tentatively characterized. The water extract of WBG improved the imbalance in inflammation in TNF-α-stimulated RAW264.7 cells by regulating 179 differential genes. 55 key active constituents were obtained based on the interactions among "components" targets, RA-related genes, and differential genes (WBG vs TNF-α group) which may ameliorate RA by regulating 161 hub genes primarily involved in inflammation-related pathways. The present study, for the first time, employed integrative pharmacology to characterize the chemical profile of WBG and elucidate its mechanism of action against RA through an inflammation-immune regulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Deng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Qiuyan Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Haiyu Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China.
| | - Changxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, PR China.
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Sampaio PA, Serafim SC, Nascimento Menezes PM, Valença Pereira EC, Sousa de Sá PG, Texeira de Alencar Filho JM, Gonçalves de Oliveira Júnior R, Rolim Neto PJ, da Silva JA, Rolim LA. Development and characterization of the zeolite imidazolate framework for a modified release of the drug scopoletin. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Boudreau A, Richard AJ, Harvey I, Stephens JM. Artemisia scoparia and Metabolic Health: Untapped Potential of an Ancient Remedy for Modern Use. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:727061. [PMID: 35211087 PMCID: PMC8861327 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.727061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Botanicals have a long history of medicinal use for a multitude of ailments, and many modern pharmaceuticals were originally isolated from plants or derived from phytochemicals. Among these, artemisinin, first isolated from Artemisia annua, is the foundation for standard anti-malarial therapies. Plants of the genus Artemisia are among the most common herbal remedies across Asia and Central Europe. The species Artemisia scoparia (SCOPA) is widely used in traditional folk medicine for various liver diseases and inflammatory conditions, as well as for infections, fever, pain, cancer, and diabetes. Modern in vivo and in vitro studies have now investigated SCOPA's effects on these pathologies and its ability to mitigate hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, obesity, diabetes, and other disease states. This review focuses on the effects of SCOPA that are particularly relevant to metabolic health. Indeed, in recent years, an ethanolic extract of SCOPA has been shown to enhance differentiation of cultured adipocytes and to share some properties of thiazolidinediones (TZDs), a class of insulin-sensitizing agonists of the adipogenic transcription factor PPARγ. In a mouse model of diet-induced obesity, SCOPA diet supplementation lowered fasting insulin and glucose levels, while inducing metabolically favorable changes in adipose tissue and liver. These observations are consistent with many lines of evidence from various tissues and cell types known to contribute to metabolic homeostasis, including immune cells, hepatocytes, and pancreatic beta-cells. Compounds belonging to several classes of phytochemicals have been implicated in these effects, and we provide an overview of these bioactives. The ongoing global epidemics of obesity and metabolic disease clearly require novel therapeutic approaches. While the mechanisms involved in SCOPA's effects on metabolic, anti-inflammatory, and oxidative stress pathways are not fully characterized, current data support further investigation of this plant and its bioactives as potential therapeutic agents in obesity-related metabolic dysfunction and many other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anik Boudreau
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Allison J. Richard
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Innocence Harvey
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Jacqueline M. Stephens
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
- *Correspondence: Jacqueline M. Stephens,
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Zhang L, Liu S, Chen Y, Guo J, Li C, Zhang J. Metatranscriptomic approach reveals the functional and enzyme dynamics of core microbes during noni fruit fermentation. Food Res Int 2020; 141:109999. [PMID: 33641950 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) has been recognized as an important herb for treating various physiological disorders worldwide. Fermented noni fruit juice, established as a novel food in European Union, is the most important noni product. However, the structure, functions and enzyme profiles of microbiome during fermentation remain unclear. The metatranscriptomic was used to comprehensively explore the active microbial community and key metabolic function. Acetobacter sp., Acetobacter aceti and Gluconobacter sp. were the major microorganisms and appeared in succession during fermentation. According to principal components analysis (PCA) of metabolism-related unigenes by KEGG database, the fermentation process was divided into three stages and almost completed at the end of the second stage. Furthermore, carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and the expression of key enzymes in major metabolic pathways were analyzed systematically. Analysis by HS-SPME-GC-MS and odor active value (OAV) revealed that butanoic acid and hexanoic acid were the main volatile compounds for the unpleasant odor of fermented noni fruit juice. The microbiome in the fermentation process lacked key enzymes that degrade butanoic acid and hexanoic acid, which imparted rancid and sweat odor. This study provides theoretical basis for product improvement and new product development, thus promoting the development of noni food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Sixin Liu
- School of Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ying Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jinbiao Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Congfa Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China.
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Yang L, Liu R, Fan A, Zhao J, Zhang Y, He J. Chemical Composition of Pterospermum heterophyllum Root and its Anti-Arthritis Effect on Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis in Rats via Modulation of Inflammatory Responses. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:584849. [PMID: 33362544 PMCID: PMC7759541 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.584849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease without effective and beneficial drugs. Many traditional folk medicines have been proven to be effective in treating RA. Among these, the root of Pterospermum heterophyllum Hance has been widely used as a traditional remedy against RA in China, but there is no scientific basis yet. The aim of this study was to investigate for the first time the chemical compositions and therapeutic effect of P. heterophyllum on adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) model in rats. 73 compounds were identified from P. heterophyllum based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS), and flavonoids may be partly responsible for the major anti-arthritic effect. In parallel, the P. heterophyllum extract at 160, 320, and 640 mg/kg/day were orally administered to rats for 22 days after post-administration adjuvant. The results showed that P. heterophyllum remarkably ameliorated histological lesions of the knee joint, increased body weight growth, decreased arthritis score, reduced thymus and spleen indices in model rats. Moreover, P. heterophyllum treatment persuasively downregulated the levels of rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-17, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and observably upregulated IL-4 and IL-10 levels in model rats. These findings suggest that P. heterophyllum has a prominent anti-RA effect on AIA rats by modulating the inflammatory responses, and supports the traditional folk use of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Aiguo Fan
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Junwei He
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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Imtiyaz Z, Lin YT, Cheong UH, Jassey A, Liu HK, Lee MH. Compounds isolated from Euonymus spraguei Hayata induce ossification through multiple pathways. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:2227-2237. [PMID: 32884403 PMCID: PMC7451737 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of bone metabolism includes catabolism of old or mature bone and anabolism of new bone, carried out by osteoclasts and osteoblasts respectively. Any imbalance in this process results in loss of bone mass or osteoporosis. Drugs available to combat osteoporosis have certain adverse effects and are unable to improve bone formation, hence identifying new agents to fulfil these therapeutic gaps is required. To expand the scope of potential agents that enhance bone formation, we identified Euonymus spraguei Hayata as a plant material that possesses robust osteogenic potential using human osteoblast cells. We isolated three compounds, syringaresinol (1), syringin (2), and (−)-epicatechin (3), from E. spraguei. Results demonstrated that syringin (2), and (−)-epicatechin (3), increased alkaline phosphatase activity significantly up to 131.01% and 130.67%, respectively; they also elevated mineral deposition with respective values of up to 139.39% and 138.33%. In addition, 2 and 3 modulated autophagy and the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 signaling pathway. Our findings demonstrated that 2 and 3 induced osteogenesis by targeting multiple pathways and therefore can be considered as potent multi-targeted drugs for bone formation against osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuha Imtiyaz
- Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tzu Lin
- Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ut-Hang Cheong
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Alagie Jassey
- College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Kang Liu
- Division of Basic Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsien Lee
- Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,Center for Reproductive Medicine and Sciences, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Lohani M, Majrashi M, Govindarajulu M, Patel M, Ramesh S, Bhattacharya D, Joshi S, Fadan M, Nadar R, Darien B, Maurice DV, Kemppainen B, Dhanasekaran M. Immunomodulatory actions of a Polynesian herb Noni (Morinda citrifolia) and its clinical applications. Complement Ther Med 2019; 47:102206. [PMID: 31780035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.102206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Morinda citrifolia (Noni) is a popular traditional medicinal plant consumed in various forms in several countries around the world as a complementary and alternative treatment due to its established health benefits. Noni is rich in bioactive substances and has significantly exhibited pro-oxidant and immunomodulatory effects. In this review, we highlight the pharmacological basis related to the phytochemicals and polysaccharides present in Noni and its potential therapeutic effects. We screened electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus for scientific literature. Our results indicate that Noni is beneficial for various diseases with its crude extracts showing therapeutic benefit for a wide range of pathological diseases. We believe that further pharmacological and toxicological studies in addition to well-designed controlled clinical trials can validate Noni to be an effective and novel natural product for prophylactic and therapeutic use of several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhukar Lohani
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36830, USA
| | - Mohammed Majrashi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23881, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manoj Govindarajulu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Mansi Patel
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Sindhu Ramesh
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Dwipayan Bhattacharya
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Sneha Joshi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Maali Fadan
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Rishi Nadar
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Benjamin Darien
- Department of Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Denzil V Maurice
- Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture, Clemson University, Clemson, 29634, USA
| | - Barbara Kemppainen
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36830, USA
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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