1
|
Cao Y, Li B, Ismail N, Smith K, Li T, Dai R, Deng Y. Neurotoxicity and Underlying Mechanisms of Endogenous Neurotoxins. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12805. [PMID: 34884606 PMCID: PMC8657695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous and exogenous neurotoxins are important factors leading to neurodegenerative diseases. In the 1980s, the discovery that 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) contributes to Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms led to new research investigations on neurotoxins. An abnormal metabolism of endogenous substances, such as condensation of bioamines with endogenous aldehydes, dopamine (DA) oxidation, and kynurenine pathway, can produce endogenous neurotoxins. Neurotoxins may damage the nervous system by inhibiting mitochondrial activity, increasing oxidative stress, increasing neuroinflammation, and up-regulating proteins related to cell death. This paper reviews the biological synthesis of various known endogenous neurotoxins and their toxic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlu Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.C.); (T.L.); (Y.D.)
| | - Bo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.C.); (T.L.); (Y.D.)
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Nafissa Ismail
- Neuroimmunology, Stress and Endocrinology (NISE) Lab, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (N.I.); (K.S.)
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Kevin Smith
- Neuroimmunology, Stress and Endocrinology (NISE) Lab, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (N.I.); (K.S.)
| | - Tianmei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.C.); (T.L.); (Y.D.)
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rongji Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.C.); (T.L.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yulin Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.C.); (T.L.); (Y.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Misztal T, Hasiec M, Szlis M, Tomaszewska-Zaremba D, Marciniak E. Stimulatory effect of dopamine derivative, salsolinol, on pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in seasonally anestrous sheep: Focus on dopamine, kisspeptin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 208:106102. [PMID: 31405485 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, there was testing of the hypothesis that a centrally administered dopamine (DA) derivative, salsolinol, could affect pulsatile luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in seasonally anestrous sheep by affecting the neuronal components of the estradiol (E2) negative feedback. In two experiments performed during early spring (increasing day length - March/April), salsolinol or Ringer-Locke solution (control) were administered into the third brain ventricle (IIIv): 1) in several injections for three consecutive days; and 2) in several hour-long infusions. In addition to determining the LH concentration (in both experiments), the abundances of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and kisspeptin mRNA were examined in the hypothalamus and LHβ subunit mRNA in the pituitary (Experiment 1). In Experiment 2, concentrations of DA and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were determined in perfusates collected from the infundibular nucleus/median eminence (IN/ME) by the push-pull method. In both experiments, salsolinol increased both LH pulse frequency (P < 0.05) and plasma LH concentration (P < 0.001) compared to controls. The injected salsolinol also increased (P < 0.05) the abundance of GnRH mRNA in the mediobasal hypothalamus and kisspeptin mRNA in the arcuate nucleus. The two doses of infused salsolinol decreased DA to undetectable concentrations and DOPAC concentration by 60% in perfusates collected from the IN/ME. In conclusion, exogenous salsolinol functioning centrally stimulates pulsatile LH secretion in sheep during seasonal anestrus. It is suggested that salsolinol may have this effect by reducing the activity of the hypothalamic neuroendocrine dopaminergic system, which results in an increase in both kisspeptin and GnRH neurons activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Misztal
- Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Hasiec
- Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland
| | - Michał Szlis
- Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland
| | - Dorota Tomaszewska-Zaremba
- Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Marciniak
- Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zheng X, Chen X, Guo M, Ali S, Huang Y, Sun F, Liu K, Chen Z, Deng Y, Zhong R. Changes in salsolinol production and salsolinol synthase activity in Parkinson’s disease model. Neurosci Lett 2018; 673:39-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
4
|
Hasiec M, Misztal T. Adaptive Modifications of Maternal Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity during Lactation and Salsolinol as a New Player in this Phenomenon. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:3786038. [PMID: 29849616 PMCID: PMC5914094 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3786038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Both basal and stress-induced secretory activities of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are distinctly modified in lactating females. On the one hand, it aims to meet the physiological demands of the mother, and on the other hand, the appropriate and stable plasma cortisol level is one of the essential factors for the proper offspring development. Specific adaptations of HPA axis activity to lactation have been extensively studied in several animal species and humans, providing interesting data on the HPA axis plasticity mechanism. However, most of the data related to this phenomenon are derived from studies in rats. The purpose of this review is to highlight these adaptations, with a particular emphasis on stress reaction and differences that occur between species. Existing data on breastfeeding women are also included in several aspects. Finally, data from the experiments in sheep are presented, indicating a new regulatory factor of the HPA axis-salsolinol-which typical role was revealed in lactation. It is suggested that this dopamine derivative is involved in both maintaining basal and suppressing stress-induced HPA axis activities in lactating dams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Hasiec
- Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jablonna, Poland
| | - Tomasz Misztal
- Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jablonna, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kurnik-Łucka M, Panula P, Bugajski A, Gil K. Salsolinol: an Unintelligible and Double-Faced Molecule-Lessons Learned from In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments. Neurotox Res 2017; 33:485-514. [PMID: 29063289 PMCID: PMC5766726 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9818-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Salsolinol (1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline) is a tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative whose presence in humans was first detected in the urine of Parkinsonian patients on l-DOPA (l-dihydroxyphenylalanine) medication. Thus far, multiple hypotheses regarding its physiological/pathophysiological roles have been proposed, especially related to Parkinson’s disease or alcohol addiction. The aim of this review was to outline studies related to salsolinol, with special focus on in vivo and in vitro experimental models. To begin with, the chemical structure of salsolinol together with its biochemical implications and the role in neurotransmission are discussed. Numerous experimental studies are summarized in tables and the most relevant ones are stressed. Finally, the ability of salsolinol to cross the blood–brain barrier and its possible double-faced neurobiological potential are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kurnik-Łucka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 30-121, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Pertti Panula
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrzej Bugajski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 30-121, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Gil
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 30-121, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Górski K, Misztal T, Marciniak E, Zielińska-Górska MK, Fülöp F, Romanowicz K. Involvement of salsolinol in the suckling-induced oxytocin surge in sheep. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2017; 59:75-80. [PMID: 28013044 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
During lactation, the main surge of oxytocin is induced by a suckling stimulus. Previous studies have shown that salsolinol (1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline), a dopamine-derived compound, stimulates both the synthesis and the release of oxytocin in lactating sheep. The objective of the present study was to verify the hypothesis that salsolinol is involved in the mechanism that generates the oxytocin surge that occurs during suckling. Thus, a structural analogue of salsolinol, 1-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline (1MeDIQ), known to antagonize some of its actions, was infused into the third ventricle of the brain of lactating sheep nursing their offspring. Serial 30-min infusion of 1MeDIQ (4 × 60 μg/60 μL) or vehicle were administered at 30-min interval from 10 AM to 2 PM. The experimental period in every ewe consisted of a nonsuckling period (10 AM-12 PM) and a suckling period (12 PM-2 PM). Blood samples were collected every 10 min, to measure plasma oxytocin concentration by RIA. In control sheep, oxytocin surges of high amplitude were observed during the suckling period. The oxytocin surges induced by suckling were significantly (P < 0.01) diminished in sheep receiving 1MeDIQ infusions as compared to those that received control infusions. However, no significant effect of 1MeDIQ was observed on basal oxytocin release, before suckling. Furthermore, oxytocin release, as measured by the area under the hormone response curve (AUC), was significantly decreased by the administration of 1MeDIQ during the suckling period. This study shows that elimination of the effect of salsolinol within the central nervous system of lactating sheep attenuates the oxytocin surge induced by suckling. Therefore, salsolinol may be an important factor in the oxytocin-stimulating pathway in lactating mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Górski
- Department of Endocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland.
| | - T Misztal
- Department of Endocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland
| | - E Marciniak
- Department of Endocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland
| | - M K Zielińska-Górska
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland
| | - F Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - K Romanowicz
- Department of Endocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Marciniak E, Hasiec M, Fülöp F, Misztal T. Salsolinol-a potential inhibitor of the gonadotropic axis in sheep during lactation. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2017; 58:97-103. [PMID: 27792889 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that salsolinol, a derivative of dopamine, affects GnRH and LH secretion in lactating sheep. In the in vivo experiment, the structural analogue of salsolinol, 1-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline (1-MeDIQ), was infused into the infundibular nucleus-median eminence of sheep at the fifth wk of lactation to antagonize salsolinol's action. Simultaneously, cerebrospinal fluid from the third brain ventricle, to determine GnRH concentration, and plasma samples, to measure LH concentration, were collected. In the in vitro experiment, the anterior pituitary (AP) explants from weaned sheep were incubated in culture medium containing 2 doses of salsolinol, 20 and 100 μg/mL (S20 and S100, respectively). The concentration of LH in the collected media and relative expression of LHβ subunit messenger RNA in the AP explants were determined. No significant difference was found in mean GnRH concentration in response to 1-MeDIQ infusion, but both mean plasma LH concentration and LH pulse frequency increased significantly (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively) compared with those in controls. Significantly higher LH concentrations occurred during the first (P < 0.001), second (P < 0.001), and fourth (P < 0.05) h of 1-MeDIQ infusion. In the in vitro study, both the S20 and S100 doses of salsolinol caused a significant decrease in the mean medium LH concentration compared with that in the control (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). Salsolinol had no effect on the relative LHβ subunit messenger RNA expression in the incubated tissue. In conclusion, salsolinol is a potential inhibitor of the secretory activity of the gonadotropic axis in lactating sheep, at least at the AP level. Although no significant changes in GnRH release were directly confirmed, an increase in the frequency of LH pulses does not allow to exclude the central action of salsolinol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Marciniak
- Department of Endocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland
| | - M Hasiec
- Department of Endocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland
| | - F Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - T Misztal
- Department of Endocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Szulc P, Amri EZ, Varennes A, Panaia-Ferrari P, Fontas E, Goudable J, Chapurlat R, Breuil V. High serum oxytocin is associated with metabolic syndrome in older men - The MINOS study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2016; 122:17-27. [PMID: 27764720 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Oxytocin regulates food intake, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and urinary sodium excretion. We assessed the association between serum oxytocin levels and presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in older men. METHODS Cross-sectional study was performed in 540 volunteer men aged 50-85yrs from the MINOS cohort. Oxytocin was measured in fasting serum by radioimmunoassay (Oxytocin RIA, Phoenix Pharmaceuticals). MetS was diagnosed using the harmonized definition. RESULTS Serum oxytocin was higher in 166 men with MetS vs. controls (p<0.005). After adjustment for confounders including leptin, higher oxytocin was associated with higher odds of MetS (OR=1.38 per SD, 95%CI: 1.10-1.71, p<0.005). Men with serum oxytocin >0.74pg/mL (median) had higher odds of MetS vs. men with oxytocin ⩽0.74pg/mL (OR=2.06, 95%CI: 1.33-3.18, p<0.005). Higher oxytocin levels and low testosterone levels (total or free) were significantly associated with higher odds of MetS jointly and independently of each other. Men having oxytocin >0.74pg/mL and total testosterone <300ng/dL (<10.4nmol/L) had higher odds of MetS vs. men without these characteristics (OR=3.95, 95%CI: 1.65-9.46, p<0.005). Men having 25-hydroxycholecalciferol levels <30ng/mL and oxytocin >0.74pg/mL had higher odds of MetS vs. men without these characteristics (OR=2.86, 95%CI: 1.47-5.58, p<0.01). Men having oxytocin >0.74pg/mL and osteocalcin levels <14.6ng/mL (lowest quartile) had higher odds of MetS vs. men without these characteristics (OR=4.12, 95%CI: 2.07-8.20, p<0.001). CONCLUSION In older men, higher serum oxytocin levels are associated with higher odds of MetS regardless of potential confounders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Szulc
- INSERM UMR 1033, University of Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
| | - Ez Zoubir Amri
- CNRS, iBV UMR 7277, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose Nice, France; INSERM, iBV, U1091, Nice, France
| | - Annie Varennes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Medical Biology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Eric Fontas
- Nice University Hospital, Cimiez Hospital, Department of Clinical Research, Nice, France
| | - Joëlle Goudable
- Dept. of Public Health, University of Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Roland Chapurlat
- INSERM UMR 1033, University of Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Véronique Breuil
- Nice University Hospital, Pasteur Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Nice, France; UMR E-4320 MATOs CEA/iBEB/SBTN, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| |
Collapse
|