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Sallemi JE, Di Yorio MP, Hermida GN, Breccia A, Battista AG, Vissio PG. The saccus vasculosus of the neotropical cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus: characterization, developmental studies and its response to photoperiod. Cell Tissue Res 2024:10.1007/s00441-024-03895-6. [PMID: 38771348 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-024-03895-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The saccus vasculosus is an organ present in gnathostome fishes, located ventral to the hypothalamus and posterior to the pituitary gland, whose structure is highly variable among species. In some fishes, this organ is well-developed; however, its physiological function is still under debate. Recently, it has been proposed that this organ is a seasonal regulator of reproduction. In the present work, we examined the histology, ultrastructure, and development of the saccus vasculosus in Cichlasoma dimerus. In addition, immunohistochemical studies of proteins related to reproductive function were performed. Finally, the potential response of this organ to different photoperiods was explored. C. dimerus presented a well-developed saccus vasculosus consisting of a highly folded epithelium, composed of coronet and supporting cells, closely associated with blood vessels, and a highly branched lumen connected to the third ventricle. Coronet cells showed all the major characteristics described in other fish species. In addition, some of the vesicles of the globules were positive for thyrotropin beta subunit, while luteinizing hormone beta subunit immunostaining was observed at the edge of the apical processes of some coronet cells. Furthermore, neuropeptide Y and gonadotropin inhibitory hormone innervation in the saccus vasculosus of C. dimerus were shown. Finally, animals exposed to the long photoperiod showed lower levels of thyrotropin beta and common alpha subunits expression in the saccus compared to those of animals exposed to short photoperiod. All these results support the hypothesis that the saccus vasculosus is involved in the regulation of reproductive function in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Emilse Sallemi
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología del Crecimiento y la Reproducción, DBBE-FCEN, UBA/IBBEA-UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Paula Di Yorio
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología del Crecimiento y la Reproducción, DBBE-FCEN, UBA/IBBEA-UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Gladys Noemí Hermida
- Laboratorio Biología de Anfibios-Histología Animal, DBBE-FCEN-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés Breccia
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología del Crecimiento y la Reproducción, DBBE-FCEN, UBA/IBBEA-UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Paula Gabriela Vissio
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología del Crecimiento y la Reproducción, DBBE-FCEN, UBA/IBBEA-UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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2
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Chen J, Li Y, Zhang W, Wu Y, Zhao L, Huang X, Fang Y, Wang B. Molecular characterization and ontogenetic expression profiles of LPXRFa and its receptor in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 345:114392. [PMID: 37858870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Investigations concerning the LPXRFa system are rarely conducted in flatfish species. Here, we first identified and characterized lpxrfa and its cognate receptor lpxrfa-r genes in the Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). The coding DNA sequence of lpxrfa was 579 bp in length, wich encoded a 192-aa preprohormone that can produce three mature LPXRFa peptides. The open reading frame (ORF) of lpxrfa-r was 1446 bp in size, and encoded a 481-aa LPXRFa-R protein that encompassed seven hydrophobic transmembrane domains. Subsequently, tissue distribution expression profiles of lpxrfa and lpxrfa-r transcripts were assayed by quantitative real-time PCR. The results indicated that expressions of lpxrfa transcripts were detected at the highest levels in the brain of both females and males, however, lpxrfa-r transcripts were remarkablely expressed in the brain tissue of female fish and in the testis tissue of male fish. Furthermore, transcript levels of lpxrfa and lpxrfa-r genes were investigated during early ontogenetic development, with the maximum expression levels at 30 days post-hatching. Overall, these data contribute to providing preliminary proof for the existence and structure of the LPXRFa system in Japanese flounder, and the study is just the foundation for researching physiological function of LPXRFa system in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Yuru Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Limiao Zhao
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Xueying Huang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Yan Fang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China.
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3
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Beriotto AC, Vissio PG, Gisbert E, Fernández I, Álvarez González CA, Di Yorio MP, Sallemi JE, Pérez Sirkin DI. From zero to ossified: Larval skeletal ontogeny of the Neotropical Cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus. J Morphol 2023; 284:e21641. [PMID: 37708507 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The identification of skeletal elements, the analysis of their developmental sequence, and the time of their appearance during larval development are essential to broaden the knowledge of each fish species and to recognize skeletal abnormalities that may affect further fish performance. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a general description of the development of the entire skeleton highlighting its variability in Cichlasoma dimerus. Larvae of C. dimersus were stained with alcian blue and alizarin red from hatching to 25 days posthatching. Skeletogenesis began with the endoskeletal disk and some cartilage structures from the caudal fin and the splachnocranium, while the first bony structure observed was the cleithrum. When larvae reached the free-swimming and exogenous feeding stage, mostly bones from the jaws, the branchial arches, and the opercle series evidenced some degree of ossification, suggesting that the ossification sequence of C. dimerus adjusts to physiological demands such as feeding and ventilation. The caudal region was the most variable regarding meristic counts and evidenced higher incidence of bone deformities. In conclusion, this work provides an overview of C. dimerus skeletogenesis and lays the groundwork for further studies on diverse topics, like developmental plasticity, rearing conditions, or phylogenetic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina C Beriotto
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula G Vissio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Enric Gisbert
- IRTA, Centre de la Ràpita, Aquaculture Program, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, España
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), CSIC, Vigo, España
| | - Carlos A Álvarez González
- Laboratorio de Acuicultura Tropical, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, México
| | - María P Di Yorio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta E Sallemi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela I Pérez Sirkin
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Zubair H, Saqib M, Khan MN, Shamas S, Irfan S, Shahab M. Variation in Hypothalamic GnIH Expression and Its Association with GnRH and Kiss1 during Pubertal Progression in Male Rhesus Monkeys ( Macaca mulatta). Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12243533. [PMID: 36552453 PMCID: PMC9774706 DOI: 10.3390/ani12243533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion across postnatal development in higher primates is not fully understood. While gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is reported to suppress reproductive axis activity in birds and rodents, little is known about the developmental trajectory of GnIH expression in rhesus monkeys throughout the pubertal transition. This study was aimed at examining the variation in GnIH immunoreactivity (-ir) and associated changes among GnIH, GnRH, and Kiss1 mRNA expression in the hypothalamus of infant, juvenile, prepubertal, and adult male rhesus monkeys. The brains from rhesus macaques were collected from infancy until adulthood and were examined using immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR. The mean GnIH-ir was found to be significantly higher in prepubertal animals (p < 0.01) compared to infants, and significantly reduced in adults (p < 0.001). Significantly higher (p < 0.001) GnRH and Kiss1 mRNA expression was noted in adults while GnIH mRNA expression was the highest at the prepubertal stage (p < 0.001). Significant negative correlations were seen between GnIH-GnRH (p < 0.01) and GnIH-Kiss1 (p < 0.001) expression. Our findings suggest a role for GnIH in the prepubertal suppression of the reproductive axis, with disinhibition of the adult reproductive axis occurring through decreases in GnIH. This pattern of expression suggests that GnIH may be a viable target for the development of novel therapeutics and contraceptives for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Zubair
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (M.S.); Tel.: +92-333-5126713 (H.Z.); +92-331-5579926 (M.S.)
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Noman Khan
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Shamas
- Department of Zoology, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Irfan
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahab
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (M.S.); Tel.: +92-333-5126713 (H.Z.); +92-331-5579926 (M.S.)
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Comparative insights of the neuroanatomical distribution of the gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) in fish and amphibians. Front Neuroendocrinol 2022; 65:100991. [PMID: 35227766 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.100991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper intends to apprise the reader regarding the existing knowledge on the neuroanatomical distribution of GnIH-like peptides in in fish and amphibians in both the adult stage and during ontogenesis. The neuroanatomical distribution of GnIH-like neuropeptides appears quite different in the studied species, irrespective of the evolutionary closeness. The topology of the olfactory bulbs can affect the distribution of neurons producing the GnIH-like peptides, with a tendency to show a more extended distribution into the brains with pedunculate olfactory bulbs. Therefore, the variability of the GnIH-like system could also reflect specific adaptations rather than evolutionary patterns. The onset of GnIH expression was detected very early during development suggesting its precocious roles, and the neuroanatomical distribution of GnIH-like elements showed a generally increasing trend. This review highlights some critical technical aspects and the need to increase the number of species to be studied to obtain a complete neuroanatomical picture of the GnIH-like system.
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Wang B, Zhang Y, Cui A, Xu Y, Jiang Y, Wang L, Liu X. LPXRFa and its receptor in yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi): Molecular cloning, ontogenetic expression profiles, and stimulatory effects on growth hormone and gonadotropin gene expression. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 312:113872. [PMID: 34324840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite its functional significance in mammals and birds, the biological role of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) in reproduction is still far from being fully understood in teleosts. In the current study, we have identified LPXRFa, the piscine ortholog of GnIH, and its cognate receptor (LPXRFa-R) in yellowtail kingfish (YTK), which is considered as a promising species for aquaculture industry worldwide. The YTK cDNA sequence of lpxrfa was 534 base pair (bp) in length and encoded a 178-amino acids (aa) preprohormone. The LPXRFa precursor comprised three putative peptide sequences that included -MPMRF, -MPQRF, or -LPERL motifs at the C-termini, respectively. The YTK lpxrfa-r cDNA sequence was composed of 1265 bp that gave rise to a LPXRFa-R of 420 aa, encompassing the characteristic seven hydrophobic transmembrane domains. In males, both lpxrfa and lpxrfa-r transcripts could be detected at high levels in the brain and testis. In females, a noteworthy expression of lpxrfa was observed in the brain and ovary, while the expression of lpxrfa-r was especially evident only in the brain. To study the ontogeny of LPXRFa system, transcript levels were also investigated during early life stages. Variable expression of the LPXRFa system was observed during all stages of YTK embryogenesis. The highest expression of lpxrfa and lpxrfa-r were noticed at 7 dph and 15 dph, respectively. Furthermore, LPXRFa peptides stimulated growth hormone (gh), luteinizing hormone (lhβ) and follicle-stimulating hormone (fshβ) gene expression from the pituitary. Taken together, our results provide initial evidence for the existence of the LPXRFa system in yellowtail kingfish and suggest its possible involvement at early development and reproductive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yaxing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Aijun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yongjiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Yantai Marine Economic Research Institute, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Xuezhou Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China.
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Vissio PG, Di Yorio MP, Pérez-Sirkin DI, Somoza GM, Tsutsui K, Sallemi JE. Developmental aspects of the hypothalamic-pituitary network related to reproduction in teleost fish. Front Neuroendocrinol 2021; 63:100948. [PMID: 34678303 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is the main system that regulates reproduction in vertebrates through a complex network that involves different neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, and pituitary hormones. Considering that this axis is established early on life, the main goal of the present work is to gather information on its development and the actions of its components during early life stages. This review focuses on fish because their neuroanatomical characteristics make them excellent models to study neuroendocrine systems. The following points are discussed: i) developmental functions of the neuroendocrine components of this network, and ii) developmental disruptions that may impact adult reproduction. The importance of the components of this network and their susceptibility to external/internal signals that can alter their specific early functions and/or even the establishment of the reproductive axis, indicate that more studies are necessary to understand this complex and dynamic network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula G Vissio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María P Di Yorio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela I Pérez-Sirkin
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo M Somoza
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET-UNSAM), Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Kazuyoshi Tsutsui
- Department of Biology and Center for Medical Life Science, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan; Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-7-1, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Julieta E Sallemi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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8
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Faykoo-Martinez M, Kalinowski LM, Holmes MM. Neuroendocrine regulation of pubertal suppression in the naked mole-rat: What we know and what comes next. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 534:111360. [PMID: 34116130 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Puberty is a key developmental milestone that marks an individual's maturation in several ways including, but not limited to, reproductive maturation, changes in behaviors and neural organization. The timing at which puberty occurs is variable both within individuals of the same species and between species. These variations can be aligned with ecological cues that delay or suppress puberty. Naked mole-rats are colony-living rodents where reproduction is restricted to a few animals; all other animals are pubertally-suppressed. Animals removed from suppressive colony cues can reproductively mature, presenting the unique opportunity to study adult-onset puberty. Recently, we found that RFRP-3 administration sustains pubertal delay in naked mole-rats removed from colony. In this review, we explore what is known about regulators that control puberty onset, the role of stress/social status in pubertal timing, the status of knowledge of pubertal suppression in naked mole-rats and what comes next.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Melissa M Holmes
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Canada; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Canada
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Toledo-Solís FJ, Hilerio-Ruiz AG, Delgadin T, Sirkin DP, Di Yorio MP, Vissio PG, Peña-Marín ES, Martínez-García R, Maytorena-Verdugo CI, Álvarez-González CA, de Rodrigáñez MAS. Changes in digestive enzyme activities during the early ontogeny of the South American cichlid (Cichlasoma dimerus). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:1211-1227. [PMID: 34173183 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00976-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cichlasoma dimerus is a neotropical cichlid that has been used as a biological model for neuroendocrinology studies. However, its culture is problematic in terms of larval feeding to allow having enough fry quantity and quality. Larviculture requires full knowledge about the digestive system and nutrition; therefore, this study was intended to assess the digestive enzymes' changes at different ages during the early ontogeny. Acid protease activity was detectable from the first day after hatching (dah), increasing to its maximum peaks on 9 dah. In contrast, alkaline proteases had low activity in the first days of life but reached their maximum activity on 17 dah. Chymotrypsin, L-aminopeptidase, and carboxypeptidase A activities increased at 6 dah, while trypsin activity was first detected on 13 dah and reached its maximum activity on 17 dah. Lipase and α-amylase activity were detectable at low levels in the first days of life, but the activity fluctuated and reaching its maximum activity at 21 dah. Alkaline phosphatase continued to oscillate and had two maximum activity peaks, the first at 6 dah and the second at 19 dah. Zymograms of alkaline proteases on day 6 dah six revealed four activity bands with molecular weights from 16.1 to 77.7 kDa. On 13 dah, two more activity bands of 24.4 and 121.9 kDa were detected, having a total of six proteases. The enzymatic activity analyzes indicate the digestive system shows the low activity of some enzymes in the first days after hatching, registering significant increases on 6 dah and the maximum peaks of activities around at 17 dah. Therefore, we recommend replacing live food with dry feed and only providing dry feed after day 17 dah.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Toledo-Solís
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Alcaldía Benito Juárez, C.P. 03940, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Andrea Guadalupe Hilerio-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Acuicultura Tropical, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, 0.5 km Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas, C.P. 86039, Villahermosa, TAB, Mexico
| | - Tomás Delgadin
- Departamento de Biodiversidad Y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires / Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela Pérez Sirkin
- Departamento de Biodiversidad Y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires / Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Paula Di Yorio
- Departamento de Biodiversidad Y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires / Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Gabriela Vissio
- Departamento de Biodiversidad Y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires / Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emyr Saul Peña-Marín
- Laboratorio de Acuicultura Tropical, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, 0.5 km Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas, C.P. 86039, Villahermosa, TAB, Mexico
- Cátedra CONACYT, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rafael Martínez-García
- Laboratorio de Acuicultura Tropical, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, 0.5 km Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas, C.P. 86039, Villahermosa, TAB, Mexico
| | - Claudia Ivette Maytorena-Verdugo
- Laboratorio de Acuicultura Tropical, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, 0.5 km Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas, C.P. 86039, Villahermosa, TAB, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alfonso Álvarez-González
- Laboratorio de Acuicultura Tropical, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, 0.5 km Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas, C.P. 86039, Villahermosa, TAB, Mexico.
| | - Miguel Angel Sáenz de Rodrigáñez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Melilla, Calle Santander, 1, C.P. 52005, Melilla, Spain
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Beriotto AC, Di Yorio MP, Pérez Sirkin DI, Toledo-Solis FJ, Peña-Marín ES, Álvarez-González CA, Tsutsui K, Vissio PG. Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) distribution in the brain of the ancient fish Atractosteus tropicus (Holostei, Lepisosteiformes). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 299:113623. [PMID: 32976836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The Holostei group occupies a critical phylogenetic position as the sister group of the Teleostei. However, little is known about holostean pituitary anatomy or brain distribution of important reproductive neuropeptides, such as the gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH). Thus, the present study set out to characterize the structure of the pituitary and to localize GnIH-immunoreactive cells in the brain of Atractosteus tropicus from the viewpoint of comparative neuroanatomy. Juveniles of both sexes were processed for general histology and immunohistochemistry. Based on the differences in cell organization, morphology, and staining properties, the neurohypophysis and three regions in the adenohypophysis were identified: the rostral and proximal pars distalis (PPD) and the pars intermedia. This last region was found to be innervated by the neurohypophysis. This organization, together with the presence of a saccus vasculosus, resembles the general teleost pituitary organization. A vast number of blood vessels were also recognized between the infundibulum floor of the hypothalamus and the PPD, evidencing the characteristic presence of a median eminence and a portal system. However, this well-developed pituitary portal system resembles that of tetrapods. As regards the immunohistochemical localization of GnIH, we found four GnIH-immunoreactive (GnIH-ir) populations in three hypothalamic nuclei (suprachiasmatic, retrotuberal, and tuberal nuclei) and one in the diencephalon (prethalamic nucleus), as well as a few scattered neurons throughout the olfactory bulbs, the telencephalon, and the intersection between them. GnIH-ir fibers showed a widespread distribution over almost all brain regions, suggesting that GnIH function is not restricted to reproduction only. In conclusion, the present study describes, for the first time, the pituitary of A. tropicus and the neuroanatomical localization of GnIH in a holostean fish that exhibits a similar distribution pattern to that of teleosts and other vertebrates, suggesting a high degree of phylogenetic conservation of this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina C Beriotto
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA) - CONICET. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María P Di Yorio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA) - CONICET. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela I Pérez Sirkin
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA) - CONICET. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco J Toledo-Solis
- Laboratorio de Acuicultura Tropical, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco. Villahermosa, Mexico
| | - Emyr S Peña-Marín
- Laboratorio de Acuicultura Tropical, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco. Villahermosa, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Álvarez-González
- Laboratorio de Acuicultura Tropical, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco. Villahermosa, Mexico
| | - Kazuyoshi Tsutsui
- Department of Biology and Center for Medical Life Science, Waseda University. Tokyo, Japan
| | - Paula G Vissio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA) - CONICET. Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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11
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Kumar P, Wisdom KS, Kumar G, Gireesh-Babu P, Nayak SK, Nagpure NS, Sharma R. Ontogenetic and tissue-specific expression of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) and its receptors in Catla catla. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:3281-3290. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05388-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Pinelli C, Jadhao AG, Bhoyar RC, Tsutsui K, D’Aniello B. Distribution of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH)-like immunoreactivity in the brain and pituitary of the frog (Pelophylax esculentus) during development. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 380:115-127. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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Di Yorio MP, Pérez Sirkin DI, Muñoz-Cueto JA, Delgadin TH, Tsutsui K, Somoza GM, Vissio PG. Morphological relationship between GnIH and GnRH neurons in the brain of the neotropical cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 273:144-151. [PMID: 29913169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Reproduction is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The first neuropeptide identified that regulates this function was the decapeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Nowadays, in gnatostomates, a number of GnRH variants have been identified and classified into three different types: GnRH1, GnRH2, and GnRH3. Almost 30 years later, a new peptide that inhibits gonadotropin synthesis and secretion was discovered and thus named as gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH). In avians and mammals, the interaction and regulation between GnRH and GnIH neurons has been widely studied; however, in other vertebrate groups there is little information about the relationship between these neurons. In previous works, three GnRH variants and a GnIH propeptide were characterized in Cichlasoma dimerus, and it was demonstrated that GnIH inhibited gonadotropins release in this species. Because no innervation was detected at the pituitary level, we speculate that GnIH would inhibit gonadotropins via GnRH. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the anatomical relationship between neurons expressing GnIH and the three GnRH variants by double labelling confocal immunofluorescence in adults of C. dimerus. Our results showed no apparent contacts between GnIH and GnRH1, fiber to fiber interactions between GnIH and GnRH2, and co-localization of GnIH and GnRH3 variant in neurons of the nucleus olfacto-retinalis. In conclusion, whether GnIH regulates the expression or secretion of GnRH1 in this species, an indirect modulation seems more plausible. Moreover, the present results suggest an interaction between GnIH and GnRH2 systems. Finally, new clues were provided to investigate the role of nucleus olfacto-retinalis cells and putative GnIH and GnRH3 interactions in the modulation of the reproductive network in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- María P Di Yorio
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Intituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela I Pérez Sirkin
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Intituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José A Muñoz-Cueto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, Marine Campus of International Excellence (CEIMAR) and Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), INMAR-CACYTMAR Research Institutes, Puerto Real University Campus, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Tomás H Delgadin
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Intituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kazuyoshi Tsutsui
- Department of Biology and Center for Medical Life Science, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Gustavo M Somoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, CONICET-UNSAM, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Paula G Vissio
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Intituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Di Yorio MP, Muñoz-Cueto JA, Paullada-Salmerón JA, Somoza GM, Tsutsui K, Vissio PG. The Gonadotropin-Inhibitory Hormone: What We Know and What We Still Have to Learn From Fish. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:78. [PMID: 30837949 PMCID: PMC6389629 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone, GnIH, is named because of its function in birds and mammals; however, in other vertebrates this function is not yet clearly established. More than half of the vertebrate species are teleosts. This group is characterized by the 3R whole genome duplication, a fact that could have been responsible for the great phenotypic complexity and great variability in reproductive strategies and sexual behavior. In this context, we revise GnIH cell bodies and fibers distribution in adult brains of teleosts, discuss its relationship with GnRH variants and summarize the few reports available about the ontogeny of the GnIH system. Considering all the information presented in this review, we propose that in teleosts, GnIH could have other functions beyond reproduction or act as an integrative signal in the reproductive process. However, further studies are required in order to clarify the role of GnIH in this group including its involvement in development, a key stage that strongly impacts on adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- María P. Di Yorio
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José A. Muñoz-Cueto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Marine Research Institute (INMAR), Marine Campus of International Excellence (CEIMAR) and Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Puerto Real, Spain
| | - José A. Paullada-Salmerón
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Marine Research Institute (INMAR), Marine Campus of International Excellence (CEIMAR) and Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Gustavo M. Somoza
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET-UNSAM), Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Kazuyoshi Tsutsui
- Department of Biology and Center for Medical Life Science, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Paula G. Vissio
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Paula G. Vissio
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