1
|
Palaima P, Berciano J, Peeters K, Jordanova A. LRSAM1 and the RING domain: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and beyond. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:74. [PMID: 33568173 PMCID: PMC7874611 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01654-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, mutations in LRSAM1 were identified as the genetic cause of both dominant and recessive forms of axonal CMT type 2P (CMT2P). Despite demonstrating different inheritance patterns, dominant CMT2P is usually characterized by relatively mild, slowly progressive axonal neuropathy, mainly involving lower limbs, with age of onset between the second and fifth decades of life. Asymptomatic individuals were identified in several pedigrees exemplifying the strong phenotypic variability of these patients requiring serial clinical evaluation to establish correct diagnosis; in this respect, magnetic resonance imaging of lower-limb musculature showing fatty atrophy might be helpful in detecting subclinical gene mutation carriers. LRSAM1 is a universally expressed RING-type E3 ubiquitin protein ligase catalysing the final step in the ubiquitination cascade. Strikingly, TSG101 remains the only known ubiquitination target hampering our mechanistic understanding of the role of LRSAM1 in the cell. The recessive CMT mutations lead to complete loss of LRSAM1, contrary to the heterozygous dominant variants. These tightly cluster in the C-terminal RING domain highlighting its importance in governing the CMT disease. The domain is crucial for the ubiquitination function of LRSAM1 and CMT mutations disrupt its function, however it remains unknown how this leads to the peripheral neuropathy. Additionally, recent studies have linked LRSAM1 with other neurodegenerative diseases of peripheral and central nervous systems. In this review we share our experience with the challenging clinical diagnosis of CMT2P and summarize the mechanistic insights about the LRSAM1 dysfunction that might be helpful for the neurodegenerative field at large.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulius Palaima
- Molecular Neurogenomics Group, VIB-UAntwerp Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - José Berciano
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Universidad de Cantabria (UC), Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Santander, Spain
- Professor Emeritus, Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, ''Edificio Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería (Cuarta Planta)'', University of Cantabria, Avda. de Valdecilla s/n, Santander, Spain
| | - Kristien Peeters
- Molecular Neurogenomics Group, VIB-UAntwerp Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Albena Jordanova
- Molecular Neurogenomics Group, VIB-UAntwerp Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Reilich P, Schlotter B, Montagnese F, Jordan B, Stock F, Schäff-Vogelsang M, Hotter B, Eger K, Diebold I, Erdmann H, Becker K, Schön U, Abicht A. Location matters - Genotype-phenotype correlation in LRSAM1 mutations associated with rare Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy CMT2P. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:123-133. [PMID: 33414056 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
More than 80 genes are known to be associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). Mutations of LRSAM1 were identified as a rare cause and define the subgroup of axonal neuropathy CMT2P. We identified additional 14 patients out of 12 families. Clinical and electrophysiological data confirm a late-onset axonal neuropathy with a predominance of sensorimotor impairment. The patients harbored ten different variants in LRSAM1, seven of which were novel. Due to variable inheritance patterns and clustering of pathogenic variants in 3´-prime exons, interpretation of genetic variants in LRSAM1 is challenging. The majority follows dominant inheritance, whereas recessive inheritance has been described for one variant. Variants at the 3`end may or may not escape from nonsense-mediated decay, thereby defining the pattern of inheritance. Our data emphasize the importance of the C-terminal RING domain, which exerts a dominant-negative effect on protein function, whenever affected by an altered or truncated protein. In conclusion, CMT2P is a rare, but nevertheless relevant cause of adult-onset axonal and painful neuropathy. ACMG (American College of Medical Genetics and genomics) criteria should be carefully applied in variant interpretation, with special attention to premature termination codon-introducing variants and their location within the gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Reilich
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Beate Schlotter
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Federica Montagnese
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Berit Jordan
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Halle, Halle, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Stock
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin Hotter
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katherina Eger
- Gemeinschaftspraxis für Neurologie und Psychiatrie, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Isabel Diebold
- Department of Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany; Medical Genetics Centre, Bayerstr. 3-5, 80335 Munich, Germany
| | - Hannes Erdmann
- Medical Genetics Centre, Bayerstr. 3-5, 80335 Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Becker
- Medical Genetics Centre, Bayerstr. 3-5, 80335 Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schön
- Medical Genetics Centre, Bayerstr. 3-5, 80335 Munich, Germany
| | - Angela Abicht
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Medical Genetics Centre, Bayerstr. 3-5, 80335 Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Peretti A, Perie M, Vincent D, Bouhour F, Dieterich K, Mallaret M, Duval F, Goizet C, Juntas-Morales R, Magy L, Solé G, Nollet S, Not A, Léonard-Louis S, Francou B, Leguern E, Lia AS, Magdelaine C, Latour P, Stojkovic T. LRSAM1 variants and founder effect in French families with ataxic form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2. Eur J Hum Genet 2019; 27:1406-1418. [PMID: 30996334 PMCID: PMC6777460 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-019-0403-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently only 25-30% of patients with axonal forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) receive a genetic diagnosis. We aimed to identify the causative gene of CMT type 2 in 8 non-related French families with a distinct clinical phenotype. We collected clinical, electrophysiological, and laboratory findings and performed genetic analyses in four different French laboratories. Seventy-two patients with autosomal dominant inheritance were identified. The disease usually started in the fourth decade and the clinical picture was dominated by sensory ataxia (80%), neuropathic pain (38%), and length-dependent sensory loss to all modalities. Electrophysiological studies showed a primarily axonal neuropathy, with possible isolated sensory involvement in milder phenotypes. Disease severity varied greatly but the clinical course was generally mild. We identified 2 novel variants in LRSAM1 gene: a deletion of 4 amino acids, p.(Gln698_Gln701del), was found in 7 families and a duplication of a neighboring region of 10 amino acids, p.(Pro702_Gln711dup), in the remaining family. A common haplotype of ~450 kb suggesting a founder effect was noted around LRSAM1 in 4 families carrying the first variant. LRSAM1 gene encodes for an E3 ubiquitin ligase important for neural functioning. Our results confirm the localization of variants in its catalytic C-terminal RING domain and broaden the phenotypic spectrum of LRSAM1-related neuropathies, including painful and predominantly sensory ataxic forms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Peretti
- AP-HP, G-H Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Maladies neuromusculaires, Paris Nord/Est/Ile de france, Paris, France.
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Maud Perie
- Service de Neurologie CHU Gabriel Montpied, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Didier Vincent
- Service de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier La Rochelle-Ré-Aunis, La Rochelle, France
| | - Françoise Bouhour
- Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Service d'ENMG-Pathologies Neuromusculaires, Lyon-Bron, France
| | - Klaus Dieterich
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Couple Enfant, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Martial Mallaret
- Centre de Compétences des Maladies Neuro Musculaires, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Fanny Duval
- Département de Neurologie, CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin Hospital), Bordeaux, France
| | - Cyril Goizet
- Centre de Référence neurogénétique, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Laboratoire MRGM, INSERM U1211, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Laurent Magy
- Service et Laboratoire de Neurologie, Centre de Référence Neuropathies Périphériques rares, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Guilhem Solé
- Département de Neurologie, CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin Hospital), Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvain Nollet
- Service Explorations et Pathologies Neuromusculaires, CHRU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Adeline Not
- AP-HP, Service de Neurologie, CHU Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Centre de Référence national des Neuropathies amyloïdes familiales et Autres Neuropathies périphériques rares (NNERF), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sarah Léonard-Louis
- AP-HP, G-H Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Maladies neuromusculaires, Paris Nord/Est/Ile de france, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Francou
- AP-HP, Bicêtre Paris Sud Hospital, Service Génétique moléculaire pharmacogénétique et Hormonologie, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Eric Leguern
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Philippe Latour
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire Grand Est, Unité Médicale Pathologies neurologiques et cardiologiques, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Tanya Stojkovic
- AP-HP, G-H Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Maladies neuromusculaires, Paris Nord/Est/Ile de france, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mishra R, Upadhyay A, Prajapati VK, Dhiman R, Poluri KM, Jana NR, Mishra A. LRSAM1 E3 ubiquitin ligase: molecular neurobiological perspectives linked with brain diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2093-2110. [PMID: 30826859 PMCID: PMC11105512 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular protein quality control (PQC) plays a significant role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Failure of PQC mechanism may lead to various neurodegenerative diseases due to accumulation of aberrant proteins. To avoid such fatal neuronal conditions PQC employs autophagy and ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) to degrade misfolded proteins. Few quality control (QC) E3 ubiquitin ligases interplay an important role to specifically recognize misfolded proteins for their intracellular degradation. Leucine-rich repeat and sterile alpha motif-containing 1 (LRSAM1) is a really interesting new gene (RING) class protein that possesses E3 ubiquitin ligase activity with promising applications in PQC. LRSAM1 is also known as RING finger leucine repeat rich (RIFLE) or TSG 101-associated ligase (TAL). LRSAM1 has various cellular functions as it modulates the protein aggregation, endosomal sorting machinery and virus egress from the cells. Thus, this makes LRSAM1 interesting to study not only in protein conformational disorders such as neurodegeneration but also in immunological and other cancerous disorders. Furthermore, LRSAM1 interacts with both cellular protein degradation machineries and hence it can participate in maintenance of overall cellular proteostasis. Still, more research work on the quality control molecular functions of LRSAM1 is needed to comprehend its roles in various protein aggregatory diseases. Earlier findings suggest that in a mouse model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, lack of LRSAM1 functions sensitizes peripheral axons to degeneration. It has been observed that in CMT the patients retain dominant and recessive mutations of LRSAM1 gene, which encodes most likely a defective protein. However, still the comprehensive molecular pathomechanism of LRSAM1 in neuronal functions and neurodegenerative diseases is not known. The current article systematically represents the molecular functions, nature and detailed characterization of LRSAM1 E3 ubiquitin ligase. Here, we review emerging molecular mechanisms of LRSAM1 linked with neurobiological functions, with a clear focus on the mechanism of neurodegeneration and also on other diseases. Better understanding of LRSAM1 neurobiological and intracellular functions may contribute to develop promising novel therapeutic approaches, which can also propose new lines of molecular beneficial targets for various neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ribhav Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan Jana
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu H, Zhang C, Cao L, Song J, Xu X, Zhang B, Chen B, Zhao G. ATL3 gene mutation in a Chinese family with hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1F. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2019; 24:150-155. [PMID: 30680846 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary sensory neuropathy (HSN) comprises a group of progressive peripheral neuropathies predominantly affecting the sensory nerves. To date, two different ATL3 gene mutations have been reported to be responsible for HSN type 1F (HSN1F). Here, we report a family in which the members presented numbness of the lower limbs and recurrent foot ulceration. Symptoms of foot ulcers disappeared in the years after onset, which suggests that the family members showed benign and mild symptoms compared with the affected patients reported previously. Laboratory examinations and electrophysiological data suggested axonal degeneration of the peripheral sensory nerves, while motor neurons were not involved. Exome sequencing revealed the previously reported c.C1013G (p.Pro338Arg) mutation of the ATL3 gene. This is the first report of ATL3 mutation in Chinese patients with HSN. Cells expressing mutant ATL3 exhibited disruption of the endoplasmic reticulum network, suggesting a dominant-negative effect. There was no significant difference in the expression of the endoplasmic reticulum stress marker binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) between cells expressing wild-type or mutant ATL3. Further studies are required to ascertain the relevance of the changes in endoplasmic reticulum morphology to axonal degeneration of sensory nerves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Xuhua Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Baohui Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China.,Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Minaidou A, Nicolaou P, Christodoulou K. Deregulation of LRSAM1 expression impairs the levels of TSG101, UBE2N, VPS28, MDM2 and EGFR. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211814. [PMID: 30726272 PMCID: PMC6364939 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CMT is the most common hereditary neuromuscular disorder of the peripheral nervous system with a prevalence of 1/2500 individuals and it is caused by mutations in more than 80 genes. LRSAM1, a RING finger ubiquitin ligase also known as TSG101-associated ligase (TAL), has been associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2P (CMT2P) and to date eight causative mutations have been identified. Little is currently known on the pathogenetic mechanisms that lead to the disease. We investigated the effect of LRSAM1 deregulation on possible LRSAM1 interacting molecules in cell based models. Possible LRSAM1 interacting molecules were identified using protein-protein interaction databases and literature data. Expression analysis of these molecules was performed in both CMT2P patient and control lymphoblastoid cell lines as well as in LRSAM1 and TSG101 downregulated SH-SY5Y cells.TSG101, UBE2N, VPS28, EGFR and MDM2 levels were significantly decreased in the CMT2P patient lymphoblastoid cell line as well as in LRSAM1 downregulated cells. TSG101 downregulation had a significant effect only on the expression of VPS28 and MDM2 and it did not affect the levels of LRSAM1. This study confirms that LRSAM1 is a regulator of TSG101 expression. Furthermore, deregulation of LRSAM1 significantly affects the levels of UBE2N, VPS28, EGFR and MDM2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Minaidou
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Paschalis Nicolaou
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kyproula Christodoulou
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang K, Wu D, Zhang B, Zhao G. Novel KRIT1/CCM1 and MGC4607/CCM2 Gene Variants in Chinese Families With Cerebral Cavernous Malformations. Front Neurol 2018; 9:1128. [PMID: 30622508 PMCID: PMC6308150 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are autosomal dominant disorders characterized by hemorrhagic strokes, recurrent headache, epilepsy, and focal neurological deficits. Genetic variants in KRIT1/CCM1, MGC4607/CCM2, and PDCD10/CCM3 genes contribute to CCMs. The clinical information of two Chinese families with CCMs was collected. MRI and video-electroencephalography were performed. Genetic variants of CCM1, CCM2, and CCM3 genes were investigated by exome sequencing. The patients were presented with recurrent epilepsy or headache. Susceptibility-weighted images of brains showed many dark dots, while video-electroencephalography revealed many spikes from multiple brain regions of patients. Exome sequencing revealed a novel CCM1 genetic variant (c.1599_1601TGAdel, p.Asp533del) and a novel CCM2 genetic variant (c.773delA, p.K258fsX34) in Family one and Family two, respectively; cosegregation existed in these two families. The two family members presented typical CCMs symptoms. These two novel genetic variants in CCM1 and CCM2 genes were the causation of CCM in the two Chinese families, and our data enriched the genetic variant spectrum of CCM genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dengchang Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| |
Collapse
|