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Xie YJ, Hao C, Tian L, Yan L, Liao X, Wang HH, Gao Y, Zhang D, Liu ZM, Cheng H, Ngai FW. Influence of Nurses' Perceptions of Government Policies and COVID-19 Risks on Their Mental Health Status: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38886916 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to understand nurses' perceptions of COVID-19-related policies and risks during the outbreak of COVID-19 in Hong Kong and to determine how their perceptions influenced their mental health status. A web-based online survey among Hong Kong nurses was conducted. The questionnaire included a self-designed 5-point Likert scale with 17 items to assess the nurses' perceptions of COVID-19-related policies and risks, as well as the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD) for measurement of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), stress, depression and anxiety, respectively. Of 592 nurses enrolled, 30.6% had PTSD (DTS total score ≥40), and 80.4%, 19.9% and 16.4% had moderate-to-high levels of stress (PSS-10 score ≥14), depression (PHQ-2 score ≥3) and anxiety (GAD score ≥3), respectively. The top three concerned aspects were 'worried about themselves and friends to suffer this disease' (84.5%), 'insufficient number of isolation wards' (81.8%) and 'insufficient number of personal protective equipment' (74.3%). Logistic regression analyses showed that more negative perception on 'personal protective equipment in the healthcare institutions', 'the confidence in HK's control of COVID-19', 'worried about themselves and friends to suffer this disease' and 'self-perceived risk of infection' indicated higher severity of the four mental health problems (all p < 0.01). The perception on 'public gathering ban', 'the number of isolation wards' and 'expected time to control COVID-19' were significantly associated with PTSD and stress (all p < 0.05). Nurses' perception on government policies and COVID-19 risks played an important role in predicting their mental health status. Policy makers should be aware of nurses' psychological responses and provide timely and targeted emotional support to nurses amid and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jie Xie
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Hao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longben Tian
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Linjia Yan
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoli Liao
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Harry Haoxiang Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Usher Institute, Deanery of Molecular, Genetic & Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dexing Zhang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhao-Min Liu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huilin Cheng
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fei Wan Ngai
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Yildirim M, Dilekçi Ü, Manap A. Mediating roles of meaning in life and psychological flexibility in the relationships between occupational stress and job satisfaction, job performance, and psychological distress in teachers. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1349726. [PMID: 38765825 PMCID: PMC11099292 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1349726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Employees may experience stress in the workplace for various reasons. Psychological strengths may help them to cope with emerging challenges and foster mental health and work productivity. This study examined the mediating roles of meaning in life and psychological flexibility in the relationships between perceived occupational stress and job satisfaction, job performance and psychological distress. This cross-section study included 554 teachers (56.0% males; Mage = 36.99 ± 7.88 years) at all school levels in Türkiye. The research data was collected through a convenience sampling method using an online survey. Participants completed self-report measures of meaning in life, psychological flexibility, perceived occupational stress, job satisfaction, job performance, and psychological distress. Pearson product-moment correlation and parallel mediation model using PROCESS macro (Model 4) were utilized to analyze the data. The results showed that perceived occupational stress had a significant effect on meaning in life, psychological flexibility, job satisfaction, job performance, and psychological distress. Also, meaning in life and psychological flexibility had significant effects on job satisfaction, job performance, and psychological distress. Furthermore, meaning in life and psychological flexibility partially mediated the relationships between occupational stress and job satisfaction, job performance, and psychological distress. These findings highlight the significance of considering meaning in life and psychological flexibility as crucial factors in mitigating the impact of occupational stress on employee mental health and work productivity. By focusing on enhancing employees' sense of meaning and their ability to adapt flexibly to workplace challenges, organizations can potentially create a better environment that fosters positive outcomes for both employees and the organization. However, the impact of occupational stress on job performance, job satisfaction and psychological distress may change over time. To address this concern, future research should test the model through a longitudinal study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Yildirim
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Agri, Türkiye
- Department of Social and Educational Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ümit Dilekçi
- Department of Child Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, Batman University, Batman, Türkiye
| | - Abdullah Manap
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Batman University, Batman, Türkiye
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Beroíza-Valenzuela F. The challenges of mental health in Chilean university students. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1297402. [PMID: 38532969 PMCID: PMC10963499 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1297402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mental health is a crucial issue in Chile and worldwide, gaining even more relevance following social events in Chile in 2019, including the sociopolitical crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. In Chile, over 20% of adolescents experience mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, and stress, with many going untreated due to limited access or the stigma associated with these issues. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this situation, with a 25% increase in the prevalence of anxiety and depression. The university population is particularly vulnerable to mental health challenges due to the unique pressures of the academic environment, including increased academic demands and the acquisition of university-related behaviors that can negatively impact physical and mental health, with notable gender differences. Effectively addressing these issues is essential for ensuring the emotional and psychological well-being of university students. Specific policies and programs are needed to address the mental health needs of university adolescents and ensure that they have access to mental health services required to navigate the challenges of daily life. A methodology reflective of the essayistic approach guides this exploration, which is characterized by critical reflection and structured argumentation.
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Georgousopoulou V, Pervanidou P, Perdikaris P, Vlachioti E, Zagana V, Kourtis G, Pavlopoulou I, Matziou V. Covid-19 pandemic? Mental health implications among nurses and Proposed interventions. AIMS Public Health 2024; 11:273-293. [PMID: 38617410 PMCID: PMC11007424 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2024014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background With its abrupt and huge health and socio-economic consequences, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a uniquely demanding, intensely stressful, and even traumatic period. Healthcare workers (HCW), especially nurses, were exposed to mental health challenges during those challenging times. Objectives Review the current literature on mental health problems among nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. Methods This is a narrative review and critical evaluation of relevant publications. Results Nurses experienced higher levels of stress, burnout, anxiety, depression, frustration, stigma, and depersonalization compared to other HCW. Factors that increased this symptomatology included concerns about infection or infection of family members, inadequate staff protective equipment, extended working hours, insufficient information, a reduced sense of security, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The factors that improved the psychopathology included a general positive attitude, job satisfaction, adequate information and education, harmonious group relationships, post-traumatic development, emotional intelligence, psychological counseling, mindfulness-based stress reduction, stable leadership, guidance, and moral and practical administrative support. Conclusions Recent studies clearly show that nurses, especially women, are the most vulnerable subgroup among HCW and are particularly prone to mental health impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic. The documented mental health vulnerability of frontline nursing staff during the COVID-19 pandemic requires preventive nursing management actions to increase resilience and to develop relevant defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Georgousopoulou
- Department of Research, Quality Control and Continuing Education, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis
| | - Panagiota Pervanidou
- First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Agia Sophia” Children's Hospital
| | | | - Efrosyni Vlachioti
- Department of Nursing, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vaia Zagana
- Department of Nursing, “Sotiria” General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Kourtis
- Department of Nursing, “Sotiria” General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Vasiliki Matziou
- Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
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Yasin YM, Alomari A, Al-Hamad A, Kehyayan V. The impact of COVID-19 on nurses' job satisfaction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1285101. [PMID: 38274512 PMCID: PMC10808441 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1285101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The global healthcare landscape was profoundly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic placing nurses squarely at the heart of this emergency. This review aimed to identify the factors correlated with nurses' job satisfaction, the impact of their job satisfaction on both themselves and their patients, and to explore strategies that might have counteracted their job dissatisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for systematic reviews of prevalence and incidence was used in this review. The electronic databases of CINAHL, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, PsycINFO and Academic Search Complete were searched between January 2020 to February 2023. Results The literature review identified 23 studies from 20 countries on nurses' job satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. A pooled prevalence of 69.6% of nurses were satisfied with personal, environmental, and psychological factors influencing their job satisfaction. Job satisfaction improved psychological wellbeing and quality of life, while dissatisfaction was linked to turnover and mental health issues. Conclusion This systematic review elucidates key factors impacting nurses' job satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic, its effects on healthcare provision, and the potential countermeasures for job dissatisfaction. Core influences include working conditions, staff relationships, and career opportunities. High job satisfaction correlates with improved patient care, reduced burnout, and greater staff retention. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023405947, the review title has been registered in PROSPERO and the registration number is CRD42023405947.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin M. Yasin
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, Qatar
| | - Albara Alomari
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, Qatar
| | - Areej Al-Hamad
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Faculty of Community Services, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vahe Kehyayan
- Department of Healthcare Management, College of Business Management, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, Qatar
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Borghesi F, Chirico A, Cipresso P. Outlining a novel psychometric model of mental flexibility and affect dynamics. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1183316. [PMID: 38155694 PMCID: PMC10753024 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1183316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Theoretically, affective states have always been conceived as complex phenomena enabling individuals to respond flexibly and dynamically to environmental demands. Methodologically, the novel field of Affect Dynamics has started to analyze affective states as inherently dynamic and interdependent phenomena by focusing on how and why they fluctuate over time. Fluctuations of affective states can also be conceived as a function of individuals' ability to flexibly modulate their responses according to environmental demands. However, this ability has been sparsely investigated in different disciplines and domains, thus, engendering a plethora of terms and models. In this conceptual analysis, we first aimed to disentangle the puzzle of flexibility by outlining the distinctive cross-domain features of this concept, thus providing a novel comprehensive operationalization. We termed this novel unitary concept "mental flexibility," the general ability to variably adapt to environmental demands. Then, we outlined the interplay between individuals' mental flexibility and affect dynamics by proposing a novel psychometric model of affect dynamics, using Markovian chain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Chirico
- Department of Psychology, Research Center in Communication Psychology, Universitá Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Cipresso
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
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Rachidi M, Hatem G, Hatem M, Zein S, Rachidi S, Awada S. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the consumption patterns of psychotropic drugs and predictors of limited access to medication. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICINE ACCESS 2023; 7:27550834231163706. [PMID: 37051188 PMCID: PMC10086612 DOI: 10.1177/27550834231163706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Despite the efforts of the health system to improve access to medications during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, such as online consultations, encouraging generic prescriptions, and other measures to limit the storage of medication, psychotropic patients faced significant challenges in accessing their medications. Objectives This study aimed (1) to compare the consumption of psychotropics before and during the pandemic, (2) to assess the association between having difficulties finding the medications and the general characteristics of the patients, and (3) to assess the predictors of these difficulties. Design A case-control study was performed in which 128 patients (cases) were recruited during the pandemic (July-October 2021), and 256 patients (controls) using psychotropics before the pandemic were matched for age and sex. Methods Data were collected using a uniform survey given to patients using psychotropics and filled out at their time and place preferences. Results More patients used antipsychotics and anti-anxiety medications before the pandemic, while antidepressants were used more during the pandemic. Almost half of the patients reported facing difficulties finding their medications in both time frames. Before the pandemic, these difficulties were noted per increase in age and being employed and were less faced if patients had medical assistance or lived in the north of Lebanon. However, more patients reported having difficulties accessing their medication during the pandemic, with no significant differences. Conclusion The consumption of psychotropic drugs was higher among cases. All patients faced challenges in accessing their medication throughout the pandemic, while older and employed patients had more limitations before the pandemic. Further investigations exploring viable solutions are recommended in order to maintain sustainable access to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Rachidi
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Georges Hatem
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Georges Hatem, Faculty of medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Melissa Hatem
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Salam Zein
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Samar Rachidi
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Sanaa Awada
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
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