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La Rosa C, Donato PD, Specchi S, Bernardini M. Susceptibility artifact morphology is more conspicuous on susceptibility-weighted imaging compared to T2* gradient echo sequences in the brains of dogs and cats with suspected intracranial disease. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2023; 64:464-472. [PMID: 36633010 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) has been found to be more reliable in the detection of vessels and blood products than T2*-weighted gradient echo (GE) in several human brain diseases. In veterinary medicine, published information on the diagnostic usefulness of SWI is lacking. The aim of this retrospective observational study was to investigate the value of SWI compared to T2*-weighted GE images in a population of dogs and cats with presumed, MRI-based diagnoses grouped as neoplastic (27), cerebrovascular (14), inflammatory (14), head trauma (5), other pathologies (4), or that were normal (36). Areas of signal void (ASV) were assessed based on shape, distribution, number, and conspicuity. Presence of ASV was found in 31 T2*-weighted GE and 40 SWI sequences; the conspicuity of lesions increased in 92.5% of cases with SWI. A 44.7% increase in the number of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) was identified within the population using SWI (110) compared to T2*-weighted GE (76). Linear ASV presumed to be abnormal vascular structures, as are reported in humans, were identified in 12 T2*-weighted GE and 19 SWI sequences. In presumed brain tumors, abnormal vascular structures were detected in 11 of 27 (40.7%) cases on T2*-weighted GE and in 16 of 27 (59.3%) cases on SWI, likely representing tumor neovascularization; amorphous ASV interpreted as presumed hemorrhages on T2*-weighted GE were diagnosed as vessels on SWI in five of 27 (18.5%) cases. Since SWI shows ASV more conspicuously than T2*-weighted GE, the authors advocate the use of SWI in veterinary patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia La Rosa
- Anicura Ospedale Veterinario I Portoni Rossi, Zola Predosa, Italy
| | - Pamela Di Donato
- Anicura Ospedale Veterinario I Portoni Rossi, Zola Predosa, Italy
- Antech Imaging Service, Fountain Valley, California, USA
| | - Swan Specchi
- Anicura Ospedale Veterinario I Portoni Rossi, Zola Predosa, Italy
- Antech Imaging Service, Fountain Valley, California, USA
| | - Marco Bernardini
- Anicura Ospedale Veterinario I Portoni Rossi, Zola Predosa, Italy
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
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Abstract
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is associated with deposition of amyloid proteins within the intracranial vessels. It is most frequently sporadic and risk increases with advancing age. Amyloid deposition is associated with increased risk of peripheral microhemorrhage, lobar hemorrhage, and/or repetitive subarachnoid hemorrhage. The presence of a peripherally located lobar hemorrhage on computed tomography in an elderly patient should raise concern for underlying CAA, as should multiple foci of peripheral susceptibility artifact or superficial siderosis on susceptibility-weighted imaging, the most sensitive modality for these findings. Newer PET radiotracers are also useful in detecting amyloid deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Szidonya
- Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, L340, 3245 Southwest Pavilion Loop, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Diagnostic Radiology, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Joshua P Nickerson
- Diagnostic Radiology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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Bu M, Deng X, Zhang Y, Chen SW, Jiang M, Chen BT. Brain iron content and cognitive function in patients with β-thalassemia. Ther Adv Hematol 2023; 14:20406207231167050. [PMID: 37151807 PMCID: PMC10155013 DOI: 10.1177/20406207231167050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with β-thalassemia (β-TM) may have brain iron overload from long-term blood transfusions, ineffective erythropoiesis, and increased intestinal iron absorption, leading to cognitive impairment. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods such as the transverse relaxation rate, susceptibility-weighted imaging, and quantitative susceptibility mapping can provide quantitative, in vivo measurements of brain iron. This review assessed these MRI methods for brain iron quantification and the measurements for cognitive function in patients with β-TM. We aimed to identify the neural correlates of cognitive impairment, which should help to evaluate therapies for improving cognition and quality of life in patients with β-TM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiru Bu
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated
Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Xi Deng
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated
Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated
Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Sean W. Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology &
Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte,
CA, USA
| | - Muliang Jiang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated
Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Bihong T. Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, City of
Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
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4
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Yasui M, Koh J, Nakayama Y, Sakata M, Hiwatani Y, Ishiguchi H, Ito H. Diagnostic utility of susceptibility-weighted imaging in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2023; 444:120524. [PMID: 36563605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) was developed as a diagnostic tool for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, its sensitivity and specificity are insufficient for accurate diagnosis. Herein, we investigated a new, simple evaluation method for SWI as a diagnostic marker for ALS. We retrospectively investigated 36 patients with ALS and 19 healthy controls. The low signal intensity was semi-quantitatively evaluated on SWI using the motor cortex low intensity (MCLI) score: the sum score of the visual evaluation for the signal intensity of the bilateral primary motor cortices (orofacial, upper-limb, and lower-limb regions) from 0 (isointense) to 2 (markedly hypointense) with a total of 12 points. The mean MCLI score of two independent raters was significantly higher in ALS (median [interquartile range]; 5 [4-6]) than in controls (0 [0-1]), p < 0.0001. When the cutoff value of the MCLI score was set to 3, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.973, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.92 and 1.00, respectively. The MCLI score was not significantly correlated with age, disease duration, and ALS functional rating scale-revised (FRS-R), but was significantly correlated with the progression rate (∆FRS) (ρ = 0.39, p = 0.021) and upper motor neuron score (ρ = 0.51, p = 0.0014). Therefore, MCLI scoring is a useful diagnostic marker for ALS as the MCLI score was correlated with the UMN and ∆FRS scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Yasui
- Department of Neurology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Jinsoo Koh
- Department of Neurology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Nakayama
- Department of Neurology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Mayumi Sakata
- Department of Neurology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Hiwatani
- Department of Neurology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishiguchi
- Department of Neurology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Ito
- Department of Neurology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama, Japan
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Cao Q, Huang J, Tang D, Qian H, Yan K, Shi X, Li Y, Zhang J. Application value of multiparametric MRI for evaluating iron deposition in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease. Front Neurol 2023; 13:1096966. [PMID: 36686531 PMCID: PMC9846143 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1096966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the application value of multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of iron deposition in the substantia nigra dense zone in Parkinson's disease (PD) and to evaluate the diagnostic value of the correlation among multi-parametric imaging indicators, clinical stage, and disease duration. Materials and methods Thirty-six patients with clinically confirmed PD and 36 healthy controls were enrolled. The disease course was recorded, and PD severity was graded using the Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) scale. All subjects underwent magnetic sensitivity weighted imaging (SWI), neuromelanin magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI), and a T2*mapping sequence. Based on the fusion of the NM-MRI and SWI amplitude maps, phase maps, and T2*MAPPING value maps, NM-MRI was used to delineate the dense zone of the substantia nigra, which was divided into three sub-regions: upper, middle, and lower. In this way, the amplitude, phase, and R2* values of each sub-region and the average value of the sum of the three sub-regions were obtained simultaneously in the SWI amplitude, phase, and T2*MAPPING maps. The multi-parameter imaging indices were compared between the two groups, and the correlation between them and clinical indices was evaluated in the PD group. Results The upper (amplitude, phase value, R2* value), middle, and lower (amplitude) right substantia nigra compact zones were significantly different between the PD and control groups. The upper (phase value, R2* value) and middle (amplitude) areas of the left substantia nigra compact zone were also significantly different between the two groups (all P < 0.05). The mean values (amplitude, phase value, R2* value) of the right substantia nigra densification zone and the mean values (phase value) of the left substantia nigra densification zone were also significantly different (all P < 0.05). Amplitudes in the middle and lower parts of the right substantia nigra dense zone were negatively correlated with the H-Y grade (middle: r = -0.475, P = 0.003; lower: r = -0.331, P = 0.049). Amplitudes of the middle and lower parts of the dense zone of the left substantia nigra were negatively correlated with the H-Y grade (middle: r = -0.342, P = 0.041; lower: r = -0.399, P = 0.016). The average amplitude of the right substantia nigra compact zone was negatively correlated with the H-Y grade (r = -0.367, P = 0.027). The average R2* value of the compact zone of the left substantia nigra was positively correlated with the H-Y grade (r = 0.345, P = 0.040). Conclusion Multiparametric MRI sequence examination has application value in the evaluation of iron deposition in the dense zone of the substantia nigra in PD. Combined with NM-MRI, fusion analysis is beneficial for accurately locating the substantia nigra compact zone and quantitatively analyzing the iron deposition in different sub-regions. Quantitative iron deposition in the middle and lower parts of the substantia nigra dense zone may become an imaging biological indicator for early diagnosis, severity evaluation, and follow-up evaluation of PD and is thus conducive for clinical diagnosis and treatment evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cao
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Xinhai Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinjin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The PLA 74th Group Army Hospital of Chinese, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongping Tang
- Department of Science and Education Department, Guangzhou Xinhai Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Qian
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Xinhai Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kun Yan
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Xinhai Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xun Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaowei Li
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Xinhai Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Yaowei Li ✉
| | - Jiangong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China,Jiangong Zhang ✉
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Weil EL, Nakawah MO, Masdeu JC. Advances in the neuroimaging of motor disorders. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 195:359-381. [PMID: 37562878 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98818-6.00039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Neuroimaging is a valuable adjunct to the history and examination in the evaluation of motor system disorders. Conventional imaging with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging depicts important anatomic information and helps to identify imaging patterns which may support diagnosis of a specific motor disorder. Advanced imaging techniques can provide further detail regarding volume, functional, or metabolic changes occurring in nervous system pathology. This chapter is an overview of the advances in neuroimaging with particular emphasis on both standard and less well-known advanced imaging techniques and findings, such as diffusion tensor imaging or volumetric studies, and their application to specific motor disorders. In addition, it provides reference to emerging imaging biomarkers in motor system disorders such as Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington disease, and briefly reviews the neuroimaging findings in different causes of myelopathy and peripheral nerve disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika L Weil
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Stanley H. Appel Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Mohammad Obadah Nakawah
- Stanley H. Appel Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joseph C Masdeu
- Stanley H. Appel Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Rodríguez-Castro E. Susceptibility-weighted imaging in corticobasal degeneration: Novel insights from a new case. J Neuroradiol 2022; 49:440-443. [PMID: 36170889 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Rodríguez-Castro
- Department of Neurology. Complejo Hospitalario Universitario. Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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8
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Prasuhn J, Kunert L, Brüggemann N. Neuroimaging Methods to Map In Vivo Changes of OXPHOS and Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137263. [PMID: 35806267 PMCID: PMC9266616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a pathophysiological hallmark of most neurodegenerative diseases. Several clinical trials targeting mitochondrial dysfunction have been performed with conflicting results. Reliable biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo are thus needed to optimize future clinical trial designs. This narrative review highlights various neuroimaging methods to probe mitochondrial dysfunction. We provide a general overview of the current biological understanding of mitochondrial dysfunction in degenerative brain disorders and how distinct neuroimaging methods can be employed to map disease-related changes. The reviewed methodological spectrum includes positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and near-infrared spectroscopy imaging, and how these methods can be applied to study alterations in oxidative phosphorylation and oxidative stress. We highlight the advantages and shortcomings of the different neuroimaging methods and discuss the necessary steps to use these for future research. This review stresses the importance of neuroimaging methods to gain deepened insights into mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo, its role as a critical disease mechanism in neurodegenerative diseases, the applicability for patient stratification in interventional trials, and the quantification of individual treatment responses. The in vivo assessment of mitochondrial dysfunction is a crucial prerequisite for providing individualized treatments for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Prasuhn
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (L.K.)
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Liesa Kunert
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (L.K.)
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; (J.P.); (L.K.)
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-451-500-43420; Fax: +49-451-500-43424
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Sommer M, SheikhBahaei S, Maguire GA. An unexpected iron in the fire of speech production. Brain 2021; 144:2904-2905. [PMID: 34849599 PMCID: PMC8634066 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This scientific commentary refers to ‘Elevated iron concentration in putamen and cortical speech motor network in developmental stuttering’, by Cler et al. (doi:10.1093/brain/awab283).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Sommer
- Department of Geriatrics, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Shahriar SheikhBahaei
- Neuron-Glia Signaling and Circuits Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gerald A Maguire
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, California, CA 92501, USA
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Balzano RF, Mannatrizio D, Castorani G, Perri M, Pennelli AM, Izzo R, Popolizio T, Guglielmi G. Imaging of Cerebral Microbleeds: Primary Patterns and Differential Diagnosis. CURRENT RADIOLOGY REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40134-021-00390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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