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Iwama H, Ishii R, Takamizawa T, Aoki R, Watanabe S, Hayashi K, Kamimoto A, Miyazaki M. Influence of Surface Pretreatment on the Bond Strength of a Resin Luting Cement to Saliva-contaminated Enamel and Dentin. Oper Dent 2024; 49:586-596. [PMID: 39187948 DOI: 10.2341/23-170-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the influence of surface pretreatment on the shear bond strength (SBS) of a resin luting cement to enamel and dentin with saliva contamination. The surface free energies (SFE) of the adherent surfaces were also determined. METHODS AND MATERIALS Bovine enamel and dentin were used in this study. For the saliva-contamination, human saliva was applied to the adherent surface for 60 seconds and then air-dried, and the specimens without saliva contamination served as controls. One group of contaminated surfaces was untreated (SC), and the others were pretreated with Katana Cleaner (KC), Multi Etchant (ME), or Ultra-Etch (UE). Fifteen specimens were prepared to measure the SBS for each test group.The mixed resin luting cement paste was applied to the alumina-blasted surface of a stainless-steel rod and placed on the prepared tooth surface. The luting cement was light irradiated for 40 seconds. The bonded specimens were stored for 24 hours at 37°C and half of the bonded specimens underwent 10,000 thermal cycles. The SBS and SFE of the specimens after different pre-treatments were measured. RESULTS The two-way ANOVA revealed that the factors of pretreatment agent and storage condition had a significant effect on the SBS to enamel and dentin. The SFE values of the SC group were significantly lower than those of the other groups in both enamel and dentin. The SFE of pretreated surface was material dependent. CONCLUSIONS A pretreatment agent containing functional monomers was shown to be effective in removing saliva contaminants and in creating an effective bonding surface for the resin luting cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Iwama
- Hiroaki Iwama, DDS, Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Ishii
- *Ryo Ishii, DDS, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Takamizawa
- Toshiki Takamizawa, DDS, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Aoki
- Ryota Aoki, DDS, Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Watanabe
- Satoru Watanabe, DDS, Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Hayashi
- Koji Hayashi, DDS, Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Kamimoto
- Atsushi Kamimoto, DDS, Department of Comprehensive Dentistry and Clinical Education, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Miyazaki
- Masashi Miyazaki, DDS, Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihonihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Santos Junior GC, Santos MJMC. Evaluation of Cleaning Methods for Lithium Disilicate Ceramic Post Try-In Paste Application: An SEM Analysis. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:281. [PMID: 39329847 PMCID: PMC11431432 DOI: 10.3390/dj12090281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This in vitro study assessed the efficacy of three cleaning methods on lithium disilicate ceramic after the application of different try-in pastes through SEM analysis. Ten rectangular specimens of IPS e.max CAD were prepared using a diamond disc, crystallized, etched with 5% hydrofluoric acid, and subjected to three try-in pastes-Calibra ©, Variolink (V), RelyX Veneer®-and three cleaning techniques-air-water spray (RD), ultrasonic bath in distilled water for five minutes (ULT/W), and ultrasonic bath in distilled alcohol for five minutes (ULT/A). A control specimen was also included. After one-minute paste application and subsequent cleaning method application, SEM evaluation was conducted. The results indicate that RD was as effective as CTRL in removing remnants from R-RD, V-ULT/W and V-ULT/A samples, but ineffective for all Calibra paste-contaminated specimens. In conclusion, the optimal removal of try-in paste residues from lithium disilicate restorations is paste-dependent; however, ultrasonic baths with distilled water or alcohol proved effective for most pastes tested.
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Sukcheep C, Thammajaruk P, Guazzato M. Investigating the impact of different cleaning techniques on bond strength between resin cement and zirconia and the resulting physical and chemical surface alterations. J Prosthodont 2024. [PMID: 39188017 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of cleaning methods and thermocycling on the micro-tensile bond strength between resin cement and contaminated zirconia and to characterize the physicochemical alterations at the zirconia surface resulting from contaminants and subsequent application of cleaning methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two alumina air-abraded zirconia blocks were divided into eight groups: (i) uncontaminated control followed by methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) primer (G-Multi Primer) application (CON). In groups ii-viii, the blocks were contaminated with saliva and silicone disclosing agents, followed by cleaning as follows: (ii) MDP primer applied, followed by contamination (GMP1); (iii) MDP primer applied before and after contamination (GMP2); (iv) cleaning with alumina air-abrasion (APA); (v) cleaning with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); (vi) cleaning with Ivoclean (IVC); (vii) cleaning with ZirClean (ZC); and (viii) cleaning with Katana Cleaner (KC). After cleaning, the zirconia blocks in groups iv-viii were applied with MDP primer. The blocks in each group were cemented together with resin cement (G-Cem Linkforce). Subsequently, each bonded zirconia block was sectioned using a water-cooled diamond saw into microsticks (1 × 1 × 9 mm3). Micro-tensile bond strength was measured after either 24 h or 10,000 thermal cycles (n = 20/subgroup). Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by one-way ANOVA, and Tukey's post-hoc test. The contact angle measurements, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer were used for physiochemical evaluation. RESULTS After 24 h of water storage, the highest bond strength was observed in the CON, NaOCl, APA, and GMP2 groups. After thermocycling, the bond strength significantly decreased in all groups except the GMP2 group, which maintained the highest bond strength. Commercial ceramic cleaning agents (IVC, ZC, and KC groups) exhibited lower bond strengths than the CON groups in both aging conditions. CONCLUSIONS The application of MDP primer before and after contamination is a promising cleaning protocol for removing saliva and silicone disclosing agent contaminants from zirconia surfaces. This approach achieved the highest bond strength and maintained it even after artificial aging through thermocycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chompunuch Sukcheep
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Putsadeeporn Thammajaruk
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Massimiliano Guazzato
- Discipline of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, New South Wales, Australia
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Maqbool B, Rego HMC, Santos GC, Ari N, Santos MJMC. Effect of different surface treatment protocols on the bond strength between lithium disilicate and resin cements. Odontology 2024; 112:74-82. [PMID: 37036616 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00809-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Because the use of hydrofluoric acid (HF) poses health risks if handled improperly, many clinicians prefer to have the ceramic restorations pre-etched in dental laboratories. However, during the try-in procedure, the pre-etched glass-ceramic restorations may be contaminated with saliva resulting in reduced bond strength. This in-vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of different surface treatments on the bond strength of lithium disilicate (LD) glass-ceramic restorations (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) to two resin cements. One-hundred eighty blocks (4X4X3mm) of LD glass-ceramic were divided into twelve groups (n = 15), of which six received Variolink Esthetic DC (VE) cement and six received RelyX Ultimate (RU) cement, following the surface treatments: G1) Control: Hydrofluoric Acid + Silane (HF + Sil); G2) Hydrofluoric Acid + Saliva + Silane (HF + S + Sil); G3) Hydrofluoric Acid + Saliva + Ivoclean + Silane (HF + S + IC + Sil); G4) Hydrofluoric Acid + Saliva + Phosphoric Acid + Silane (HF + S + P + Sil); G5) Hydrofluoric Acid + Saliva + Monobond Etch & Prime (HF + S + EP); G6) Monobond Etch & Prime (EP). Following treatment, a resin-cement cylinder (2.3 mm diameter) was built on the glass-ceramic surface, photocured (20 s), stored in distilled water (37 °C, 24 h) and submitted to the shear bond strength test. Bond strength data (MPa) were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey (α = 0.01). Cement type and surface treatment had a significant effect on the bond strength (p < 0.001) (Table 4). Single-step Monobond Etch & Prime (EP) significantly improved the bond strength of resin-cements to glass-ceramic with and without saliva contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Maqbool
- Schulich Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Heleine Maria Chagas Rego
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Schulich Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, DSB, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Gildo Coelho Santos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Schulich Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, DSB, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Nilgun Ari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Schulich Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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Rk R, Hegde D, Mc J, Ummer H, Nazer N, Mk J. A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Cleaning Solutions on Shear Bond Strength of Resin Cement to Saliva-Contaminated Lithium Disilicate (LDS) Ceramic. Cureus 2023; 15:e44389. [PMID: 37779739 PMCID: PMC10541234 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the greatest benefits of contemporary restorative dentistry is the creation of fixed partial dentures. The retention and durability of the fixed partial dentures may be improved by using a variety of tooth preparation methods, surface treatments, and luting resins. AIM To measure the shear binding strength of resin cement to saliva-contaminated lithium disilicate (LDS) ceramic after being exposed to various cleaning treatments. METHODOLOGY Over 30 LDS samples were examined. In Group 1, a cleansing solution comprising 15% zirconium oxide (Ivoclean) was employed for a duration of 20 s. This was succeeded by a rinsing phase lasting 15 s utilizing deionized water, followed by a 15-s period for drying. Subsequently, a final stage of air drying was conducted over a span of 15 s. In contrast, Group 2 underwent a washing procedure of 20 s involving a cleansing solution containing 30% sodium silicate. This was then ensued by a rinsing interval of 15 s with deionized water, succeeded by an air-drying process spanning 15 s. After applying cleaning solutions to the surface and adhering the specimens to the composite blocks using resin cement Multilink Automix (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), the shear bond strength was assessed. RESULTS Using a 30% sodium silicate solution (Group 2), we were able to get the highest mean shear bond strength value after saliva-contaminated LDS. Group 1, 15% zirconium oxide (Ivoclean) had the weakest decontamination agents as measured by mean shear bond strengths. The shear bond strength values of the two groups were found to vary significantly between individuals using the independent sample t-test. LDs ceramic cleaned with a 30% sodium silicate solution had a higher shear bond strength than ceramic cleaned with Ivoclean (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The application of a 30% sodium silicate solution rendered the highest shear bond strength for saliva-contaminated LDS ceramic. In comparison, ceramic cleaned with Ivoclean exhibited notably lower shear bond strength values. The outcome of this investigation highlights the potential of diverse cleaning agents in influencing the adhesive qualities of resin cement, thereby contributing to the enhancement of fixed partial denture durability and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhi Rk
- Prosthodontics, MES Dental College, Perinthalmanna, IND
| | - Divya Hegde
- Prosthodontics, Bangalore Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, IND
| | - Juraise Mc
- Prosthodontics, MES Dental College, Perinthalmanna, IND
| | - Haseena Ummer
- Prosthodontics, MES Dental College, Perinthalmanna, IND
| | - Nadeem Nazer
- Prosthodontics, Kannur Dental College, Anjarakandy, IND
| | - Jyothsna Mk
- Prosthodontics, Educare Institute of Dental Sciences, Malappuram, IND
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Pilecco RO, Machry RV, Ribeiro VF, Moraes RR, Pereira GKR. Evaluation paste removal method and bond strength between resin cement and lithium disilicate ceramic: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00346-3. [PMID: 37357087 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM After the use of evaluation paste, residue can remain on the bonding surface. However, how adhesion to lithium disilicate ceramic is affected is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the effectiveness of lithium disilicate cleaning after contamination with an evaluation paste and before the application of a resin cement. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rectangular lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD) specimens were obtained with a simulated milled surface, crystallized, etched with 5% hydrofluoric (HF) acid, and contaminated with an evaluation paste. The cleaning methods tested were air-water spray (SPRAY), 37% phosphoric acid (HPO), ultrasonic bath (ULT), cleaning paste (IVOC), and a conventional surface treatment (HF + silane-HF+SIL). The control (CTRL) group was not contaminated. After silane had been applied, resin cement cylinders were fabricated and light polymerized. Half of the cylinders (n=56) were tested for microshear bond strength at baseline (24 hours), and the other half after 210 days of water storage and 25 000 thermal cycles. Surface roughness, failure analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed. Statistical analysis was performed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests for surface roughness and the 2-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests for bond strength (α=.05). RESULTS At baseline, only SPRAY did not restore the bond strength compared with CTRL. After aging, the bond strengths of SPRAY and IVOC were lower than of CTRL (P<.05); no significant difference was found between CTRL, HPO, ULT, and HF+SIL (P>.05). EDS demonstrated the presence of carbon in the SPRAY and ULT groups, probably remnants of the evaluation paste. SEM analysis identified such remnants in the SPRAY group only. CONCLUSIONS For optimal bond strength between lithium disilicate and resin cement after evaluation paste use, cleaning the ceramic surface with 37% phosphoric acid, ultrasonic bath, or with hydrofluoric acid worked best.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Oliveira Pilecco
- Postgraduate student, Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences (Prosthodontics Units), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Renan Vaz Machry
- Postdoctoral student, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Fogliato Ribeiro
- Graduate student, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rafael R Moraes
- Associate Professor, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- Adjunct Professor, Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences (Prosthodontics Unit), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Thammajaruk P, Guazzato M, Naorungroj S. Cleaning methods of contaminated zirconia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Mater 2023; 39:235-245. [PMID: 36754733 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to systematically review the literature and statistically analyze the effectiveness of different cleaning methods on the bond strength of resin cement to zirconia in short- and long-term aging conditions. DATA/SOURCES The literature was electronically searched in PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Wiley, Scopus, and Open Access Theses and Dissertations databases to select relevant articles that evaluated the bond strength between contaminated zirconia and resin cements. A manual search was performed by scanning the reference lists of included studies. STUDY SELECTION All articles were published online before April 2022 and in English. Meta-analyses were conducted using random effects models to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD) between uncontaminated zirconia and various cleaning methods in two aging conditions (short- and long-term). Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using I-square statistics. The risk of bias of all included studies was assessed. All statistical analyses were conducted using STATA (StataCorp, College Station, Texas). RESULTS Of the 1181 studies, 25 studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative analyses. In short-term aging condition, cleaning contaminated zirconia with water, alcohol, or acid etching reported significantly lower bond strength than uncontaminated zirconia. For long-term aging condition, cleaning contaminated zirconia with water, cleaning agents, alcohol, or acid etching reported significantly lower bond strength than uncontaminated zirconia. Alumina air-abrasion or cleaning with sodium hypochlorite were comparable to uncontaminated zirconia for both short- and long-term aging conditions. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis appeared to indicate that the cleaning methods of contaminated zirconia restoration have an effect on zirconia bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putsadeeporn Thammajaruk
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
| | - Massimiliano Guazzato
- Discipline of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Supawadee Naorungroj
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
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Recen D, Yildirim B, Çeliksöz Ö. The effects of applying a novel cleaner on the bonding strength of zirconia surfaces. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2023; 237:385-394. [PMID: 36727619 DOI: 10.1177/09544119231151268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates how pre-treatment with an MDP-containing cleaning agent (Katana Cleaner, Kuraray) influences the micro-shear bond strength (µSBS) of saliva-contaminated zirconia when used with universal adhesive (UA) systems. Rectangular specimens (2 mm × 12 mm × 15 mm) were obtained (IPS, e.max ZirCAD, MO, B65L17, Ivoclar Vivadent) and divided into three groups; a non-contaminated group (control group)(CON), a contaminated and cleaned with isopropyl alcohol group(ISP), and lastly, a group contaminated and cleaned with an MDP-containing cleaning agent(KAC). Each group was then subdivided into three subgroups according to the UAs used (n = 12). Composite cylinders were prepared and bonded to each surface with Panavia V5 (Kuraray, Noritake Dental). A µSBS test was performed and the data were evaluated with the two-way analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA) and multiple comparisons test (α = 0.05). The highest µSBS values were obtained in the non-contaminated group (p < 0.001), regardless of UAs. All subgroups showed lower µSBS values after saliva contamination, but KAC resulted in significantly higher µSBS values than 99% isopropanol (p < 0.001). Overall, the lowest µSBS value was obtained with 99% isopropanol. The KAC-Clearfil UA subgroup resulted in statistically significantly higher µSBS values than the other UAs (p = 0.035 and 0.007), although all three UAs resulted in sufficient µSBS values. This study revealed that applying KAC followed by a UA containing phosphate monomers produces promising results for improving µSBS values of zirconia, greater than results using 99% isopropanol.Clinical relevance: An MDP-containing cleaning agent followed by a phosphate monomer containing a universal adhesive is a promising method to obtain acceptable bonds with saliva-contaminated zirconia ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Recen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, İzmir Democracy University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Bengisu Yildirim
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Usak University, Uşak, Turkey
| | - Özge Çeliksöz
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Komagata Y, Ikeda H, Fujio Y, Nagamatsu Y, Shimizu H. Effect of phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide on cleaning and bonding of saliva-contaminated feldspar porcelain. J Prosthodont Res 2023; 67:132-137. [PMID: 35431286 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_21_00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Hydrofluoric acid has been used to remove salivary contamination in dental glass-ceramics before bonding treatment. However, alternative methods are required because hydrofluoric acid is harmful. This study examined the cleaning effects of phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide on glass-ceramics for bonding pre-treatment.Methods Feldspar porcelain was divided into four groups: (C) cleaned porcelain without any contamination, (S) porcelain contaminated with saliva, (SPA) porcelain cleaned with 37% phosphoric acid after saliva contamination, and (SSH) porcelain cleaned with 10% sodium hydroxide after saliva contamination. Each sample was bonded to the resin cement using a silane-containing primer. They were then subjected to a shear bond strength (SBS) test. Each surface was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurements, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).Results The SBS of group SSH was comparable to that of group C but significantly higher than that of groups S and SPA. SEM observations showed that saliva-like structures remained on the samples of groups S and SPA, but not on the SSH group. The contact angles of groups C and SSH were comparable and significantly smaller than those of groups S and SPA, respectively. FT-IR analysis also revealed saliva in groups S and SPA, which was absent in the SSH group.Conclusions The saliva remained on the porcelain even after cleaning with phosphoric acid, and SBS was not restored to the same level as before the contamination. In contrast, sodium hydroxide eliminated saliva and restored SBS to the same level as before contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Komagata
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujio
- Sensing System Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Saga, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagamatsu
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimizu
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Abou-Ayash S, Molinero-Mourelle P, Schönenberger A, Belser UC, Brägger U, Flury S. Indirect repair of saliva-contaminated materials using veneering ceramics. J Prosthodont 2022. [PMID: 35942518 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the in vitro efficacy of a surface conditioning liquid facilitating ceramic repairs of saliva-contaminated metal-ceramic and all-ceramic restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens constructed from non-precious alloy (NPA), precious alloy (PA), lithium-disilicate (LD), zirconia (ZI), veneering ceramics for zirconia (VZI), veneering ceramics for lithium-disilicate (VLD), and veneering ceramics for metal alloys (VM) were manufactured (total: n = 168; each material n = 24). Veneering ceramic cylinders (thickness: 2mm) were hand-layered on top of the specimens. Shear bond strength (SBS) tests were performed, measuring the maximum bond strength (MBS) of the cylinders on the specimens. Following this, the specimens were artificially aged and stored in artificial saliva for 30 days at 37°C. After physical cleaning using aluminum oxide air abrasion, a new surface conditioning liquid was applied (test, n = 84) or not (control, n = 84). New ceramic cylinders were hand-layered followed by a second SBS test. Descriptive statistics, linear regression analyses, and a one-sample t-test (α = 0.05) were used to ascertain the differences within (pre- vs. post-repair) and between the groups. RESULTS All specimens in the test group could be repaired, whereas 18 repairs in the control group failed. After the repairs, an MBS decrease was observed for the NPA specimens of the control group (-15.5MPa, p = 0.004) but not among any of the test groups. Comparing the change in MBS between the test and control groups, the reduction was significantly higher in the repaired NPA specimens of the control group (mean difference 11.8 MPa, p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Using the analyzed surface conditioning liquid, metal-ceramic and all-ceramic materials can be repaired, while some repairs failed without the liquid. The initial bond strengths between core and veneering materials could be restored in all specimens when the new surface conditioning liquid was applied. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Abou-Ayash
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Molinero-Mourelle
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Urs Christophe Belser
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urs Brägger
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simon Flury
- Department of Preventive, Restorative, and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Harouny R, Hardan L, Harouny E, Kassis C, Bourgi R, Lukomska-Szymanska M, Kharouf N, Ball V, Khairallah C. Adhesion of Resin to Lithium Disilicate with Different Surface Treatments before and after Salivary Contamination—An In-Vitro Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9070286. [PMID: 35877337 PMCID: PMC9312288 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9070286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The salivary contamination occurring at the try-in procedures of lithium disilicate (LDS) can jeopardize their bond strength. Various laboratory reports have concluded that applying 37% phosphoric acid (H3PO4) could be considered as a predictable way of removing salivary contaminants. An experimental method that consists of sealing the intaglio of the ceramic restorations with a layer of cured adhesive could allow consequent time saving for dental practitioners. It is, besides, necessary to establish an optimal decontamination protocol. Hence, this study aimed to determine the most efficient surface treatment, before and after salivary contamination, by comparing the adhesion between resin and LDS. In order to do so, five groups of ten specimens (n = 10) each underwent the different types of surface treatments before bonding, followed by 2500 cycles in the thermocycler. A shear bond strength (SBS) test was then conducted on a universal testing machine (YLE GmbH Waldstraße Bad König, Germany), followed by a fracture-type analysis on an optical microscope (Olympus BX53, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan). Statistical analysis was set with a level of significance of α = 0.05. The surface treatment significantly affected the SBS results. The decontamination with HF (12.59 ± 2.71 MPa) and H3PO4 (13.11 ± 1.03 MPa) obtained the highest values, silanizing only before contamination obtained intermediate values (11.74 ± 3.49 MPa), and silanizing both before and after the salivary contamination (10.41 ± 2.75 MPa) along with applying a bonding agent before contamination (9.65 ± 1.99 MPa) resulted in the lowest values. In conclusion, H3PO4 proved to be efficient, thus, allowing the practitioner to avoid the clinical use of HF; it can, therefore, be considered as a valid alternative. Presilanization and resilanization of specimens, along with applying a bonding agent before contamination, did not yield satisfying results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Harouny
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (R.H.); (L.H.); (E.H.); (C.K.); (R.B.); (C.K.)
- Craniofacial Research Laboratory, Division of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon
| | - Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (R.H.); (L.H.); (E.H.); (C.K.); (R.B.); (C.K.)
| | - Elie Harouny
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (R.H.); (L.H.); (E.H.); (C.K.); (R.B.); (C.K.)
| | - Cynthia Kassis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (R.H.); (L.H.); (E.H.); (C.K.); (R.B.); (C.K.)
| | - Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (R.H.); (L.H.); (E.H.); (C.K.); (R.B.); (C.K.)
| | | | - Naji Kharouf
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Ball
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Carlos Khairallah
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (R.H.); (L.H.); (E.H.); (C.K.); (R.B.); (C.K.)
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Fagan J, Vesselovcz J, Puppin-Rontani J, Correr-Sobrinho L, Freitas KMS, Robertson TC, Pacheco RR, Pini NIP, Sundfeld D. Evaluation of Cleaning Methods on Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic Surfaces After Organic Contamination. Oper Dent 2022; 47:E81-E90. [DOI: 10.2341/20-176-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
The purposes of this study were to 1) evaluate the effectiveness of different cleaning methods from a previously etched and silanized lithium disilicate glass ceramic (EMX) surface after contact with organic fluids (saliva or human blood) and 2) assess the effect of applying a new silane layer after the cleaning methods on the microshear bond strength (mSBS) of resin cement to EMX. EMX discs were etched with 5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) and properly silanized. Three control groups were created (n=10): control (without contamination), saliva positive, and human blood positive. Later, after new contaminations, the samples were distributed into four groups according to the cleaning method (n=20): air–water spray (AWS), 35% phosphoric acid, 70% alcohol, or Ivoclean cleaning paste. After the cleaning methods, subgroups were submitted to a new silane layer application, or not (n=10). All samples received a thin layer of a bonding agent and, subsequently, three light-cured resin cement cylinders were prepared on each EMX surface for the mSBS test. This test was performed on a universal testing machine at a vertical speed of 1 mm/minute until rupture. Contaminated and cleaned silanized EMX surfaces were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (n=1). The noncontaminated control group showed an average mSBS of 18.7 MPa, and the positive saliva and human blood control groups yielded a 34% and 42% reduction in bond strength, respectively, compared to the uncontaminated control (p<0.05). For saliva-contaminated surfaces, all cleaning methods were effective and not different from one another or the control group (p>0.05). However, for human blood contamination, only Ivoclean cleaning paste was effective in restoring μSBS to uncontaminated control group levels (p>0.05). SEM images showed a clean surface (ie, with no contaminant residues) after the cleaning methods, regardless of the organic contaminant type. All the assessed cleaning methods were effective in removing saliva from the silanized EMX surface; however, only Ivoclean was able to restore the adhesion quality when the silanized EMX surface was contaminated with human blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fagan
- João Fagan Junior, DDS, MSc student, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Ingá University Center – UNINGÁ, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - J Vesselovcz
- João Vesselovcz Junior, DDS, MSc student, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Ingá University Center – UNINGÁ, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - J Puppin-Rontani
- Júlia Puppin Rontani, DDS, MSc, PhD, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba School of Dentistry – UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - L Correr-Sobrinho
- Lourenço Correr Sobrinho, DDS, MSc, PhD, professor, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba School of Dentistry – UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - KMS Freitas
- Karina Maria Salvatore de Freitas, DDS, MSc, PhD, professor, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Ingá University Center – UNINGÁ, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - TC Robertson
- Taylor Cliffe Robertson, DDS candidate, University of Detroit Mercy, School of Dentistry, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - RR Pacheco
- Rafael Rocha Pacheco, DDS, MSc, PhD, assistant professor, Restorative Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy, School of Dentistry, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - NIP Pini
- Nubia Inocêncya Pavesi Pini, DDS, MSc, PhD, adjunct professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Ingá University Center – UNINGÁ, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - D Sundfeld
- *Daniel Sundfeld, DDS, MSc, PhD, adjunct professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Ingá University Center – UNINGÁ, Maringá, PR, Brazil
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13
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Effectiveness of different cleaning measures on the bonding of resin cement to saliva-contaminated or blood-contaminated zirconia. J Dent 2022; 120:104084. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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14
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Cinel Sahin S, Celik E. The effect of different cleaning agents and resin cement materials on the bond strength of contaminated zirconia. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:840-847. [PMID: 34617647 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different cleaning methods and resin cements on the shear bond strength (SBS) of contaminated zirconia. A total of 92 disc-shaped zirconia specimens were contaminated with different procedures. Then, the specimens were grouped according to cleaning methods and resin cements: no cleaning + Variolink Esthetic DC (CNV ), no cleaning + Panavia V5 (CNP ), sandblasted + Variolink Esthetic DC (SBV ), sandblasted + Panavia V5 (SBP ), Ivoclean + Variolink Esthetic DC (ICV ), Ivoclean + Panavia V5 (ICP ), Katana Cleaner + Variolink Esthetic DC (KCV ), and Katana Cleaner + Panavia V5 (KCP ). Following an aging protocol in a 37°C for 1 week, SBS analysis was performed with a universal test machine. For the surface topography and elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used. Significance was evaluated as p < .05 and p < .01. The highest SBS results were found in the SBP group, showing a statistically significant difference from all other groups (p < .05). For the same cleaning method, Panavia V5 showed statistically significantly higher SBS values than Variolink Esthetic DC (p < .01), except the CNP -CNV (p = .880) and KCP -KCV (p = .082) groups. The most detected surface elements by EDS were Zr, O, C, and N, respectively. The contaminated zirconia surfaces must be cleaned for successful adhesion. The use of phosphate-containing adhesives in combination with sandblasting will increase the adhesion strength, and universal cleaning agents can be a good alternative to sandblasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezgi Cinel Sahin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Pamukkale University Faculty of Dentistry, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Ersan Celik
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ordu University Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu, Turkey
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15
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Koko M, Takagaki T, Abdou A, Wada T, Nikaido T, Tagami J. Influence of 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) incorporated experimental cleaners on the bonding performance of saliva-contaminated zirconia ceramic. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:1785-1795. [PMID: 34417668 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy of experimental cleaners containing 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) on the saliva decontamination of ceramic and their influence in restoring zirconia's adherence to resin cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four hundred sixty alumina-blasted zirconia specimens were categorized into saliva-contaminated and uncontaminated groups which were treated with ceramic primer (P), experimental cleaner 1 (C1), C1 followed by P (C1P), experimental cleaner 2 (C2), and C2 followed by P (C2P). Stainless-steel rods were then attached to the specimens using PanaviaV5 cement (Kuraray Noritake Dental; Tokyo, Japan). Tensile bond strength (TBS) test was performed after 24 h and 5000 thermocycling processes. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis and contact angle measurement of the specimen were performed. The TBS data were analyzed by Weibull analysis and three-way ANOVA. Contact angle data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05). RESULTS C2P groups showed the highest TBS in all conditions among tested groups. Saliva contamination led to a significant reduction of TBS in primer- and cleaner-treated groups, with no significant impact on C2P. Adhesive failure was predominant in contaminated groups except with the C1P and C2P groups. XPS revealed that a nitrogen peak was observed on contaminated groups but not in primed groups. The contact angle was significantly affected by saliva contamination, the cleaners, and/or ceramic primer usage (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The MDP cleaner followed by the MDP primer protocol may overcome the effect of saliva contamination and improve the resin-ceramic bond strength. CLINICAL RELEVANCE It is recommended to use a combination of MDP-containing cleaner 2 and ceramic primer as a chair-side chemical pretreatment for zirconia substrate with or without saliva contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkhant Koko
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, University of Dental Medicine Mandalay, Chanmyathazi, Mandalay, 05041, Myanmar.
| | - Tomohiro Takagaki
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Functional Science and Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
| | - Ahmed Abdou
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Modern University for Technology and Information, Mokatam, Cairo, 11571, Egypt.
| | - Takahiro Wada
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Toru Nikaido
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Functional Science and Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
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16
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Burkhardt F, Pitta J, Fehmer V, Mojon P, Sailer I. Retention Forces of Monolithic CAD/CAM Crowns Adhesively Cemented to Titanium Base Abutments-Effect of Saliva Contamination Followed by Cleaning of the Titanium Bond Surface. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:3375. [PMID: 34207110 PMCID: PMC8234922 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of saliva contamination and the cleaning of the bond surface of titanium base (ti-base) abutments on the bonding stability and retention force values. The bond surface of the ti-base abutments was treated with airborne-particle abrasion. After contamination, the ti-base abutments underwent different cleaning protocols: water spray (H2O); alcohol (ALC); suspension of zirconium particles (SZP); reapplied airborne-particle abrasion (APA); and a control condition without contamination and cleaning (CTR). All lithium disilicate crowns were bonded to the ti-base abutments using a primer and a self-curing composite. Bonded specimens underwent thermo-mechanical aging. Bond failure analysis and pull-off testing were performed. Bond failure occurred more frequently in groups H2O, ALC, SZP, and APA (p < 0.05). Significant differences in retention force values were only found between CTR and ALC (p < 0.05). Specimens which did not show bond failure after ageing had higher retention force values than the specimens that showed bond failure (p < 0.05). Saliva contamination with cleaning can degrade the bonding properties to titanium. For the retention force values, only the protocol with alcohol after contamination could not restore the values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Burkhardt
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.P.); (V.F.); (P.M.); (I.S.)
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17
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Zhu D, Liu Y, Gilbert JL. Micromechanical measurement of adhesion of dehydrating silicone hydrogel contact lenses to corneal tissue. Acta Biomater 2021; 127:242-251. [PMID: 33812075 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion properties, which can vary with multiple factors, of silicone hydrogel contact lenses are important to their performance and comfort in the eye. In this study, we developed and used a simple, representative testing system and method to study the adhesive interactions of different silicone contact lenses (balafilcon A and senofilcon A) on polished titanium alloy and porcine whole eye cornea under dehydrating conditions. Adhesive interactions for senofilcon A varied by hydration state for both corneal and titanium adhesion, starting low, rising to a maximum and falling with dehydration time and dehydration state. Balafilcon A showed a rise and fall against titanium, but retained a relatively constant adhesive interaction with corneal tissue over dehydration time. Senofilcon A reached the highest adhesion forces (400 mN) within 5 to 10 min of testing against cornea, then dropped with time after that. Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) theory was applied to determine the surface energy of the lenses, and work of adhesion (WOA) was also determined for both lenses. Similar trends as observed with the force-hydration curves were seen with surface energy and work of adhesion as well (peak surface energy of 8 N/m and work of adhesion of 80 µJ for senofilcon A). Video imaging of the adhesive interactions showed significant corneal deformation taking place during testing, and post-test analysis shows damage to the corneal tissue. This method could be used to assess pre-clinical performance of long-lasting contact lenses and the role of hydration state. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Adhesion properties of contact lenses play significant roles in their performance and comfort in the eye. Adhesion is influenced by polymer chemistry, counterface materials and hydration state of the contact lenses. However, no test method has been developed to directly study the adhesion properties between contact lenses and corneal tissue during the dehydration process. Our work aims to fill this gap by developing testing and analysis methods for evaluating the adhesive interactions in vitro between contact lenses of different chemistries and properties and different counter surfaces under dehydrating conditions over time. Our study shows that adhesive interactions of contact lenses are highly dependent on polymer type, surface treatment, counterface material and hydration state.
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18
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Sulaiman TA, Altak A, Abdulmajeed A, Rodgers B, Lawson N. Cleaning Zirconia Surface Prior To Bonding: A Comparative Study of Different Methods and Solutions. J Prosthodont 2021; 31:239-244. [PMID: 33998083 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate resin cement bond strength after removal of salivary contamination from a zirconia surface using different cleaning solutions and air-borne particle abrasion. MATERIALS AND METHODS One-hundred and twenty zirconia specimens (KATANA STML, Noritake) were prepared and divided into 12 groups (n = 10). Groups were subjected to a notched-edge shear bond strength test (ISO 29022) to analyze the bonding efficiency of a resin cement (Panavia V5, Kuraray Noritake Dental Inc.) before and after contamination with saliva. Group 1 (control) was prepared and cemented without salivary contamination. Group 2 was coated with ceramic primer (Clearfil Ceramic Primer Plus, Kuraray Noritake Dental Inc.) then subjected to salivary contamination then tested. Group 3 was contaminated, cleaned by air-borne particle abrasion, ceramic primer and resin cement applied, and tested. Groups 4 to 12 were contaminated, and then different cleaning solutions (water, 4.5% hydrofluoric acid, 35% phosphoric acid, Ivoclean, KATANA cleaner, Zirclean, sodium hypochlorite 4%, and 7.5%) were used to decontaminate the zirconia surface, followed by ceramic primer, resin cement application, and tested. One-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc analysis was used to analyze the data. RESULTS One-way ANOVA showed statistical differences among cleaning procedures (p < 0.001, F = 13.48). Air-borne particle abrasion was the only group which provided a bond strength (21 ± 2.8 MPa) that was not statistically different than the control group in which no contamination occurred (25.3 ± 3.3 MPa) (p = 0.247). The use of hydrofluoric acid and zirconia cleaning solutions resulted in bond strengths values which were not statistically different from each other (17.5-19.1 MPa). CONCLUSION Air-borne particle, zirconia cleaning solutions and hydrofluoric acid are feasible to decontaminate the zirconia surface from saliva prior to bonding the restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiseer A Sulaiman
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ali Altak
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Awab Abdulmajeed
- Department of General Practice, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Brandon Rodgers
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Nathaniel Lawson
- Division of Biomaterials, University of Alabama School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama
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19
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Martínez-Rus F, Rodríguez C, Salido MP, Pradíes G. Influence of different cleaning procedures on the shear bond strength of 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate-containing self-adhesive resin cement to saliva contaminated zirconia. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 65:443-448. [PMID: 33441505 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_20_00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of different cleaning methods on the shear bond strength (SBS) of a 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-containing self-adhesive resin cement to zirconia after saliva contamination. METHODS Sixty zirconia specimens were randomly divided into four groups (n=15) according to treatment surface. Except for the control group, all samples were contaminated with saliva and were then rinsed with water-spray and air-dried. Subsequently, the specimens were either treated with a cleaning paste (CP), with argon plasma (AP), or did not undergo an additional cleaning process (WS). An MDP-containing self-adhesive resin cement was applied onto the ceramic surfaces. Specimens were stored in water (24 hours) followed by thermocycling (5°C to 55°C for 10.000 cycles). SBS tests were performed in a universal testing machine, and the results (MPa ± SD) were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test. Fractured surfaces were examined to identify the failure types using a stereomicroscopy and SEM. RESULTS The surface cleaning treatment (p < 0.05) significantly affected the results. The highest SBS values were observed in the control group (12.16 ± 1.22 MPa) and were statistically comparable to values for the CP group (11.38 ± 1.65 MPa). The AP group (9.17 ± 1.06 MPa) showed significantly higher bond strength than the WS group (6.95 ± 1.20 MPa), but it showed significantly lower strength than the control and CP groups. CONCLUSIONS The CP application was the most effective method in removing saliva contamination. The AP treatment could not restore the SBS to the same level as uncontaminated specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Martínez-Rus
- Department of Conservative and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid
| | - Christian Rodríguez
- Department of Conservative and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid
| | - María P Salido
- Department of Conservative and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid
| | - Guillermo Pradíes
- Department of Conservative and Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid
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20
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Akahane S, Koizumi H, Kodaira A, Nakamura M, Yoneyama T, Matsumura H. Combined effect of two-liquid silane-phosphate primer and single-liquid sodium sulfite primer on bonding between self-polymerizing resins and feldspathic ceramics. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:752-759. [PMID: 32404563 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the combined effect of two-liquid silane-phosphate primer and single-liquid sodium sulfite primer on bonding between self-polymerizing resins and feldspathic ceramics, and to promote the polymerization behavior of self-polymerizing resins at the bonding interface. The silane-phosphate primer (Super-Bond PZ Primer; PZ) and the sodium sulfite primer (Teeth Primer; TP) were used as the surface treatment agents for bonding the feldspathic ceramics and the self-polymerizing resins (MMA-TBB resin and 4-META/MMA-TBB resin). Combined PZ and TP showed high shear bond strengths. The peak of the differential scanning calorimetry curve was shown to occur early through the addition of TP. These results indicated that additional TP promoted the conversion in the initial polymerization of resin, and the firmly bond was obtained at the interface. PZ+TP treatment can be regarded as an effective treatment for a temporary splint used in teeth restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Akahane
- Division of Applied Oral Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Hiroyasu Koizumi
- Department of Dental Materials, Nihon University School of Dentistry.,Division of Biomaterials Science, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Akihisa Kodaira
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry.,Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Mitsuo Nakamura
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Takayuki Yoneyama
- Department of Dental Materials, Nihon University School of Dentistry.,Division of Biomaterials Science, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Hideo Matsumura
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry.,Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
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21
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Effect of Cleaning Protocol on Bond Strength between Resin Composite Cement and Three Different CAD/CAM Materials. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13184150. [PMID: 32961873 PMCID: PMC7560426 DOI: 10.3390/ma13184150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation tested the effect of the cleaning method on the tensile bond strength (TBS) between one resin composite cement (RCC) and three different computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials, namely zirconia, lithium disilicate ceramic and resin composite. Ninety specimens were prepared from each CAD/CAM material (N = 270). The specimens were pre-treated respectively, divided into five subgroups and subjected to five different cleaning protocols, namely i. 37% phosphoric acid, ii. ethanol, iii. phosphoric acid + ethanol, iv. cleaning paste, v. distilled water. After cleaning, the specimens were either conditioned using a universal primer or a universal adhesive and bonded using a dual-curing RCC. After thermo-cycling (20,000x at 5 °C/55 °C), TBS and fracture patterns were evaluated. The data was analyzed using 1- and 2-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc Scheffé and partial eta-squared (ƞP²), Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U and Chi2 tests (p < 0.05). The CAD/CAM material showed an impact on the BS while the cleaning protocol did not affect the results. Zirconia obtained the highest BS, followed by lithium-disilicate-ceramic. Resin composite resulted in the overall lowest BS. For most fracture patterns, the cohesive type occurred. All tested cleaning protocols resulted in same BS values within one CAD/CAM material indicating that the impact of the cleaning method for the restorative material seems to play a subordinate role in obtaining durable bond strength to resin composite cement. Further, it indicates that the recommended bonding protocols are well adjusted to the respective materials and might be able to compensate the impact of not accurately performed cleaning protocols.
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Joukhadar C, Osman E, Rayyan M, Shrebaty M. Comparison between different surface treatment methods on shear bond strength of zirconia ( in vitro study). J Clin Exp Dent 2020; 12:e264-e270. [PMID: 32190197 PMCID: PMC7071543 DOI: 10.4317/jced.56242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To compare the effect of Er:YAG Laser and Air particle abrasion (APA) surface treatments on shear bond strength of Y-TZP to composite resin cuboids in the presence and absence of primer application and salivary contamination. Material and Methods Seventy-two cuboidal shaped specimens 7x7x3 were prepared from Y-TZP using CADCAM, cleaned and sintered. Specimens were divided into 2 main groups (n=36) according to surface treatment method; Air particle abrasion (A) and laser (L). Each group was subdivided into 2 subgroups (N = 18) according to surface modification using primer; each subgroup was further divided into 2 subdivisions (N=9) according to the presence of salivary contamination; APC (Air particle abrasion, primer, contamination), AP (Air particle abrasion, primer), AC (Air particle abrasion, contamination), A (Air particle abrasion), LPC (Laser, primer, contamination), LP (Laser, primer), LC (Laser, contamination), L (Laser). Composite cuboids having dimensions of 6x6x3 were also fabricated using custom made plexi plates. Composite cuboids were cemented centrally to zirconia cuboids and light cured under 5 kg weight for 6 mins. Shear bond strength of specimens was measured utilizing universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Failure loads were recorded in Newton. SBS was calculated according to equation: SBS (MPa) = load (N)/area(mm2). Results Viewing shear bond strength between studied groups, group APNC (484.02±85.02) showed higher mean value compared to ANPNC (122.09±55.80), also LNPNC (120.87±65.10) showed higher mean value in comparison to LPNC (170.78±53.22). APNC (484.02±85.02) and APC (592.22±189.65) showed higher mean values than LPNC (170.78±53.22) and LPC (3227.66±108.28) in sequence. Conclusions APA showed higher SBS values than Er:YAG surface treatment. Primer showed better results than no primer coating. Artificial saliva contamination did not affect the SBS of zirconia compared with no contamination results. Key words:Shear bond strength, zirconia, air particle abrasion, Er:YAG laser, primer, contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Joukhadar
- Clinical Instructor at Faculty of Dentistry, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Essam Osman
- Professor of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohammad Rayyan
- Professor of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohammed Shrebaty
- MSC in Fixed prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Beirut Arab University. Beirut, Lebanon
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Is there evidence for Novamin application in remineralization?: A Systematic review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2020; 10:87-92. [PMID: 32190542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calcium sodium phosphor-silicate material, a type of bio-glass was originally developed as an implant material to regenerate bone and recently adapted for use in oral care products (NovaMin Technology Inc.). Novamin is used for many dental problems like hypersensitivity, gingivitis, bleeding, non-carious lesions, carious lesions, whitening and is currently emerging as one of the treatment modality for the remineralization of the tooth. Since the prescription of these novel materials to the patients are based on cost effectiveness, efficacy and effectiveness, a clinician should make decision based on best available evidence. Hence, the objective of this review is to find out the current evidence available on the use of Novamin as an agent for remineralization. Materials and methods Relevant articles were searched and screened from several databases including PubMed, Cochrane review, Science Direct and trip which were published till 1988 to July 2017; The articles relevant to the objective of this review were included (RCT's) and articles out of interest of this review were excluded. The primary outcome for the chosen studies is the remineralization capacity of Novamin. Data extraction is done independently and jointly by 3 authors using data collection forms. Studies obtained were evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration tools for accessing risk bias. The assessment of the quality of the evidence and the bias risk was obtained using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and evaluation System. Results The articles from the database obtained for further review was N = 1. According to the study reviewed, the baseline comparisons using decalcification index obtained between Novamin study group (ReNew) and the control group (Crest) yield a P-value of 0.97 whereas after a 3 months interval follow up the value is 0.0403 suggesting there was a trend towards improvement in white spot lesions in the control group and at 6 months' time point the p-value is 0.81 concluding that there are no significant difference of remineralization process obtained by using traditional toothpaste and Novamin. Conclusion Review shows that Novamin has significantly less clinical evidence to prove its effectiveness as a remineralization agent in treating both carious and non-carious lesion. Hence, better designed clinical trials should be carried out in the future before definitive recommendations can be made.
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Yoshida K. Influence of cleaning methods on the bond strength of resin cement to saliva-contaminated lithium disilicate ceramic. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:2091-2097. [PMID: 31643001 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03074-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of different cleaning methods on the bond strength of resin cement to saliva-contaminated lithium disilicate ceramic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lithium disilicate ceramic specimens (n = 8/group) were etched with 5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) to comprise the control group. After or before saliva contamination, specimens were cleaned with one of five methods: rinsing with water-spray (WS), K etchant GEL (PA), Ivoclean (IC), AD Gel (ADG), or application of a silane coupling agent before immersion in saliva (SCA). Stainless steel rods were bonded to the ceramic with resin cement. The tensile bond strength was measured after 24 h (TC0) and after thermal cycling at 4-60 °C (TC20000). Specimen surfaces were also evaluated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS Both the cleaning method (p = 0.0001) and storage condition (p = 0.0001) significantly affected the bond strength results. Before or after TCs, no significant differences in bond strength were observed between the control group and the other cleaning groups except for the WS group, which had a significantly lower bond strength than did the PA, IC, ADG, or SCA groups (p < 0.05). The level of nitrogen in the ADG group was almost equal to that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS WS cleaning did not restore the bond strength of resin cement to saliva-contaminated lithium disilicate ceramic etched with HF, while PA, IC, ADG, and SCA all benefited. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Lithium disilicate ceramic restorations etched with HF should to be cleaned with ADG after saliva contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Yoshida
- Clinic of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan.
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Wattanasirmkit K, Charasseangpaisarn T. Effect of different cleansing agents and adhesive resins on bond strength of contaminated zirconia. J Prosthodont Res 2019; 63:271-276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lapinska B, Rogowski J, Nowak J, Nissan J, Sokolowski J, Lukomska-Szymanska M. Effect of Surface Cleaning Regimen on Glass Ceramic Bond Strength. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030389. [PMID: 30678247 PMCID: PMC6385042 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of saliva contamination on chemical changes of ceramic surface as well as the influence of saliva cleaning methods on ceramic-resin bond strength. Saliva was used to contaminate leucite (LGC) and lithium disilicate (LDGC) glass ceramic surfaces. The following cleaning methods were tested: water spray, cleaning with orthophosphoric acid, universal cleaning paste, ultrasonic cleaning with water, re-etching with hydrofluoric acid. Non-contaminated ceramic sample served as control. Chemical analysis of ceramic surfaces was performed using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramics to resin material was tested after 24-hour water storage and after thermocycling. The most effective cleaning method of saliva-contaminated ceramic surface was cleaning LGC surface with orthophosphoric acid or re-etching the LDGC surface with hydrofluoric acid. The application of the following methods resulted in obtaining reliable bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lapinska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jacek Rogowski
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Zeromskiego St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Nowak
- University Laboratory of Materials Research, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joseph Nissan
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Jerzy Sokolowski
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
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Irmak Ö, Yaman BC, Orhan EO, Kılıçarslan MA, Mante FK, Ozer F. Influence of cleaning methods on bond strength to saliva contaminated zirconia. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2018; 30:551-556. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Özgür Irmak
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University; Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry; Eskişehir Turkey
| | - Batu Can Yaman
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University; Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry; Eskişehir Turkey
| | - Ekim Onur Orhan
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University; Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics; Eskişehir Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Kılıçarslan
- Ankara University; Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry; Ankara Turkey
| | - Francis K. Mante
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences; School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Fusun Ozer
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences; School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
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Pott PC, Syväri TS, Stiesch M, Eisenburger M. Influence of nonthermal argon plasma on the shear bond strength between zirconia and different adhesives and luting composites after artificial aging. J Adv Prosthodont 2018; 10:308-314. [PMID: 30140398 PMCID: PMC6104498 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2018.10.4.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Plasma activation of hydrophobic zirconia surfaces might be suitable to improve the bond strength of luting materials. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of nonthermal argon-plasma on the shear bond strength (SBS) between zirconia and different combinations of 10-MDP adhesive systems and luting composites after artificial aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred forty Y-TZP specimens were ground automatically with 165 µm grit and water cooling. Half of the specimens received surface activation with nonthermal argon-plasma. The specimens were evenly distributed into three groups according to the adhesive systems ([Futurabond U, Futurabond M, Futurabond M + DCA], VOCO GmbH, Germany, Cuxhaven) and into further two subgroups according to the luting materials ([Bifix SE, Bifix QM], VOCO GmbH). Each specimen underwent artificial aging by thermocycling and water storage. SBS was measured in a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Scheffè procedure with the level of significance set to 0.05. RESULTS Surface activation with nonthermal plasma did not improve the bond strength between zirconia and the tested combinations of adhesive systems and luting materials. The plasma-activation trended to reveal higher bond strength if the self-etch luting material (Bifix SE) was used, irrespective of the adhesive system. CONCLUSION Plasma-activation seems to be suitable to improve bond strength between zirconia and self-etch resin materials. However, further research is necessary to identify the influence of varying plasma-parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp-Cornelius Pott
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Timo-Sebastian Syväri
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Meike Stiesch
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Eisenburger
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Effect of saliva contamination and artificial aging on different primer/cement systems bonded to zirconia. J Prosthet Dent 2018; 119:833-839. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Nejatidanesh F, Savabi O, Savabi G, Razavi M. Effect of cleaning methods on retentive values of saliva-contaminated implant-supported zirconia copings. Clin Oral Implants Res 2018; 29:530-536. [PMID: 29656421 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different cleaning regimens on retentive strength of saliva-contaminated implant-supported zirconia copings. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy solid titanium abutments with 5.5 mm height (Straumann) were attached to the regular neck implant analogs (Straumann). The abutment-analog complex was mounted vertically in an autopolymerized T-shaped acrylic resin block. Seventy zirconia copings with an occlusal loop were made. The copings were contaminated with fresh human saliva for 1 min (except the control group). Afterward, the specimens were washed with water spray for 15 s and dried for 15 s. The copings were divided into seven groups according to cleaning methods (n = 10). Group 1: no contamination (control group); Group 2: water spray rinsing; Group 3: airborne particle abrasion; Group 4: immersion in 96% isopropanol; Group 5: applying Ivoclean (Ivoclar Vivadent); Group 6: applying 1% sodium hypochlorite; and Group 7: applying Monobond Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent). The copings were luted with a resin luting agent (RelyX Unicem; 3M ESPE). After 5,000 thermal cycles, the retentive values of the restorations were tested using universal testing machine. The dislodging forces were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey's HSD tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS The copings, which were cleaned with Ivoclean and 96% isopropanol, showed the highest retentive values (204.79 ± 44.49 and 232.65 ± 71.36, respectively). There was a significant difference between the studied groups (F = 2.735; p = .02). Tukey's HSD showed that there was no significant difference between the different cleaning procedures and control group except water rinsing group (p = .14). The lowest retentive value was related to the saliva-contaminated group, which were only cleaned with water rinsing method. CONCLUSION The retentive values of zirconia-based restorations were adversely affected by saliva contaminations. These restorations can be cleaned by Ivoclean, 96% isopropanol, airborne particle abrasion, 1% sodium hypochlorite, or applying Monobond Plus before luting procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahnaz Nejatidanesh
- Dental Materials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Savabi
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ghazal Savabi
- Dental Materials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Razavi
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Krifka S, Preis V, Rosentritt M. Effect of Decontamination and Cleaning on the Shear Bond Strength of High Translucency Zirconia. Dent J (Basel) 2017; 5:dj5040032. [PMID: 29563438 PMCID: PMC5806969 DOI: 10.3390/dj5040032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: This study evaluated the bonding performance of high translucency zirconia after diverse surficial decontamination and cleaning procedures. (2) Methods: High translucency zirconia (LavaTM Esthetic) specimens (2.0 mm × 20 mm × 10 mm) were exposed to different surface treatments prior to bonding to CoCr cylinders (d = 5 mm, height = 3 mm). All surfaces were sandblasted (40 µm aluminum oxide, 2 bar) and treated with alcohol (al), saliva (s), saliva + water (sw), or saliva + NaOCl + water (sn) before bonding was performed with the following adhesive luting systems: RelyXTM Unicem 2 (RX), ScotchbondTM Universal (SBU) + RelyXTM Ultimate (RU) or Monobond Plus (MP) + Multilink® Automix (ML). After 24 h, thermocycling (TC:12,000 × 5 °C/55 °C) and 90 days of storage at 37 °C in distilled water, the shear bond strength (SBS) was evaluated according to ISO/TS 11,405:2015. Failure modes along bonding areas were characterized. Means and standard deviations (n = 10 per group) were determined and statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA/Bonferroni (α = 0.05). (3) Results: The SBS after 24 h varied between 3.5 (sRX) and 69.4 MPa (snMP + ML). Values from 0 (sRX) to 70.3 MPa (swRX) were found after TC. Data after 90 days of storage showed the lowest values for sRX (0 MPa) and the highest values for alSBU + RU (75.5 MPa). Adhesive failure was noted at all aging conditions. (4) Conclusions: SBU + RU or RX and MP + ML including saliva decontamination of the ceramic surface with water or NaOCl + water allow efficient bonding to LavaTM Esthetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Krifka
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital Regensburg, 93051 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Verena Preis
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital Regensburg, 93051 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Rosentritt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital Regensburg, 93051 Regensburg, Germany.
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