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Zhang N, Smith IC, Ginsburg G. Do Self-Processes and Parenting Mediate the Effects of Anxious Parents' Psychopathology on Youth Depression and Suicidality? Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-023-01657-z. [PMID: 38206536 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01657-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
To understand how anxious parents' global psychopathology increases children's risks for depression and suicidality, we tested mediational pathways through which parent global psychopathology was associated with youth depression and suicidality over a six-year period. Parents (n = 136) who had an anxiety disorder at baseline reported global psychopathology and youth internalizing problems. Youth did not have any psychiatric disorder at baseline and they reported self-esteem, perceived control, and perceived parental warmth and rejection at baseline and 1-year follow-up. At 6-year follow-up, youth depression and suicidality were assessed via multiple reporters including the self, parent, and/or an independent evaluator. Results showed that parental psychopathology had an indirect but not direct effect on youth depression and suicidality via perceived control. No associations were found for the other hypothesized mediators. Perceived control might be a transdiagnostic intervention target in depression and suicide prevention programs for youth exposed to parental anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, 1 University Place, Stamford, CT, 06901, USA.
| | - Isaac C Smith
- Hartford Hospital, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT, USA
- University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Golda Ginsburg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
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2
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Zheng M, Guo X, Chen Z, Deng J, Hu M. Association between interpersonal relations and anxiety, depression symptoms, and suicidal ideation among middle school students. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1053341. [PMID: 36866094 PMCID: PMC9971595 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1053341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the relationship between different types of interpersonal relationships and anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation and discusses the impact of different grades among middle school students. Methods The Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale, the Chinese version of the Generalized Anxiety Scale, suicidal ideation questions, and interpersonal relations items were used to measure the depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, suicidal ideation, and interpersonal relations of the participants. The variables of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and interpersonal relations were screened using the Chi-square test and principal component analysis. AMOS17.0 constructs the path of the association between interpersonal relations and depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and suicidal ideation. Results The mother-child relationship had direct impacts of -0.06, -0.07, and -0.06 on anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation. On anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation, the direct impacts of the father-child relationship were -0.09, -0.03, and -0.08. Moreover, the direct effects of peer relationships on depressive symptoms were -0.04, whereas the direct impact of teacher-student relationships on anxiety and depressive symptoms were -0.10 and -0.09. Further pathway analysis based on grade level showed that in the junior high school model, the direct effect of the mother-child relationship on anxiety and depressive symptoms was -0.18 and -0.16. The direct impact of the father-child relationship on depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation was -0.08 and 0.09. The direct effect of peer relationships on depressive symptoms was -0.08, and the direct impact of the teacher-student relationship on anxiety symptoms was -0.06. In the high school model, the direct effect of the mother-child relationship on suicidal ideation was -0.07, while the direct impact of the father-child relationship on anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation was -0.10, -0.07, and -0.12, respectively. In addition, the direct effects of peer relationships on anxiety and depression were -0.06 and -0.05, and the direct impact of teacher-student relationships on anxiety and depression was -0.10 and -0.11. Conclusion The father-child relationship affects suicidal ideation and depression the most, followed by the mother-child relationship, the teacher-student interaction, and the peer relationship. The teacher-student relationship influences anxiety symptoms the most, followed by the father-child and mother-child relationships. The association between interpersonal interactions and anxiety, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation varied significantly across grade levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixin Zheng
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiyan Chen
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mi Hu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Maultsby K, López R, Wolff J, Spirito A, Esposito-Smythers C. Longitudinal Relations Between Parenting Practices and Adolescent Suicidal Ideation in a High-Risk Clinical Sample: A Moderated Mediation Model. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:613-623. [PMID: 36652026 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-01018-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Parenting behaviors are associated with adolescent suicidal ideation (SI), but few studies have examined this relation longitudinally or investigated underlying mechanisms. We investigated a moderated mediation model to evaluate perceived burdensomeness as a mediator in the longitudinal relation between parenting behavior (warmth and verbal hostility) and adolescent SI. We hypothesized that this association would be particularly strong among adolescents with greater functional impairment. The sample included 147 adolescents (Mage = 14.9, Age Range = 12-18 years, 76.2% female) and a primary caregiver (Mage = 43.5, Age Range = 27-60 years, 81.4% female) enrolled in a clinical trial. Caregivers completed measures of warmth and verbal hostility (PCPR) and adolescents completed measures of functional impairment (CDI-2), perceived burdensomeness (INQ), and SI (SIQ-JR) at baseline, 12 and 18 months. Two moderated mediation path analyses, one for each parenting behavior, were conducted. Age, sex, treatment condition, baseline and 12-month SI, baseline perceived burdensomeness, and the alternate baseline parenting behavior were included as covariates. Neither model yielded a significant direct effect between baseline parental verbal hostility or warmth and 18-month SI. However, lower warmth and higher verbal hostility were positively associated with 18-month SI indirectly through greater 12-month perceived burdensomeness among youth with relatively higher levels of functional impairment. Perceptions of burdensomeness are a mechanism by which low parental warmth and high parental verbal hostility contribute to SI, but only among youth with greater functional impairment. Interventions to address youth perceptions of burdensomeness may be beneficial, particularly for the most highly impaired youth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberto López
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Jennifer Wolff
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Anthony Spirito
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Perquier F, Hetrick S, Rodak T, Jing X, Wang W, Cost KT, Szatmari P, Aitken M. Association of parenting with suicidal ideation and attempts in children and youth: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Syst Rev 2021; 10:232. [PMID: 34391481 PMCID: PMC8364684 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01727-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is a leading cause of death in children and youth, with suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts (referred to as non-fatal suicidal behaviors (NFSB)) being among its strongest predictors. Positive parenting (e.g., warmth, responsiveness), negative parenting (e.g., control, hostility), and parent-child relationship quality (e.g., trust, communication) have been reported to be associated with differences in NFSB in this population. To date, no comprehensive systematic review has considered together the wide range of parenting factors studied in relation to NFSB, and no meta-analysis of existing findings has been conducted. The present study will critically appraise and synthesize the existing evidence from observational studies that examine the relationships between parenting factors and (i) suicidal ideation and (ii) suicide attempt in children and youth. METHODS Studies will be retrieved from APA PsycInfo, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases. Retrospective, cross-sectional, and longitudinal studies, conducted in clinical and population settings, among youth aged less than 25 years and published as articles and dissertations in English or French will be eligible. Two reviewers will select articles using the Covidence Software after title and abstract screening and full-text assessment, will extract information using double data entry, and will appraise studies' quality using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Any disagreements will be discussed with a third reviewer. Publication bias will be evaluated using funnel plots and Egger's test. In addition to a narrative summary of results, meta-analyses will be conducted using results from at least three studies. Three-level random effect models will allow to derive pooled estimates from dependent effect sizes (from the same sample or study). In case of significant heterogeneity, moderation analyses will be performed considering participants' characteristics and methodological aspects of studies. The results will be reported according to the PRISMA guidelines, and the certainty of evidence will be assessed using the GRADE approach. DISCUSSION In highlighting parenting factors associated with NFSB and in estimating the overall strength of these associations in children and youth, our results will inform further intervention and prevention strategies designed for young people experiencing NFSB and their families. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020165345.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Perquier
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8 Canada
| | - Sarah Hetrick
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Melbourne, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Terri Rodak
- CAMH Education, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1 Canada
| | - Xin Jing
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8 Canada
| | - Wei Wang
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1001 Queen St W, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4 Canada
| | - Katherine T. Cost
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Burton Wing, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8 Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Burton Wing, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8 Canada
| | - Madison Aitken
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8 Canada
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Potard C, Combes C, Labrell F. Suicidal Ideation among French Adolescents: Separation Anxiety and Attachment according to Sex. J Genet Psychol 2020; 181:470-488. [PMID: 33000692 DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2020.1822773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study explored the links between the quality of adolescents' attachment to their mother and their father, separation anxiety and suicidal ideation. Self-report questionnaires were completed by French adolescents (n = 455; Mage = 15.78 years, SD = 1.61) to probe their attachment styles, separation anxiety (related to school phobia, a secure base, and family members), and suicidal ideation. Avoidantly attached adolescents displayed greater school phobia than securely attached adolescents. Female adolescents with an avoidant attachment to their father tended to report less fear related to family members than their secure counterparts. Male adolescents who were insecurely attached to their mother reported more separation anxiety than securely attached males. The structural models were significant for both boys and girls (R2 = .38 and .44, p < .001) with good fit indices. Mediation analyses revealed that separation anxiety partially mediated the negative effect of attachment to mother (especially alienation) on suicidal ideation for both girls and boys, and partially mediated the negative effect of attachment to father (especially alienation) on suicidal ideation for boys. These results support an individuated conception of attachment patterns, with a differential influence of dyadic relationships, and could provide a better understanding of adolescents' suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Potard
- EA 4638 Psychology Laboratory of the Pays de la Loire, (LPPL), Department of Psychology, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - C Combes
- EA 4638 Psychology Laboratory of the Pays de la Loire, (LPPL), Department of Psychology, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - F Labrell
- CESP (U 1178 INSERM), Paris, Suresnes, France
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Abdelraheem M, McAloon J, Shand F. Mediating and moderating variables in the prediction of self-harm in young people: A systematic review of prospective longitudinal studies. J Affect Disord 2019; 246:14-28. [PMID: 30572208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-harm is widespread amongst young people. A growing body of research has explored factors that predict self-harm in young people, however, a systematic review of mediators and moderators of those factors has not yet been offered. This review aims to fill this gap by synthesising research about mediators and moderators of factors that prospectively predict self-harm in young people. METHOD A systematic review of research trials published up until 2018 was undertaken. Electronic databases Scopus (Elsevier), CINAHL, PsychINFO (EBSCO) and Medline were searched. Included studies utilised prospective longitudinal designs with participants aged 25 years or younger and self-harm outcome measures with published or reported psychometric properties. The aim of the review was to identify mediators and moderators of factors that predict self-harm in young people. RESULTS Of the 25 studies that met inclusion criteria, 22 reported at least one positive finding of a mediator or moderator. Specifically, 15 significant mediators and 20 significant moderators were identified in relation to a broad range of predictors of self-harm. Predictors were classified as adverse childhood experiences and parenting factors, psychological and psychiatric factors, social factors and intrapersonal factors. A number of potentially modifiable mediators and moderators were identified including interpersonal difficulties, impulsivity, self-esteem and self-compassion. Gender was the most commonly reported moderator. LIMITATIONS Included studies were assessed as limited by the heterogeneity of the mediators and moderators assessed, and by methodological factors including study durations, population characteristics, and the definition and assessment of self-harm. In addition, replication research was limited. Therefore it was difficult to integrate results and draw firm conclusions. CONCLUSIONS This review allowed us to explore diverse relationships between factors predictive of self-harm in young people and to identify a number of potentially modifiable mediators and moderators. Our findings have important implications for future research and treatment efforts as the identification of mediators and moderators is demonstrated to assist in identifying high risk individuals as well informing potential targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Abdelraheem
- Discipline of Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - John McAloon
- Discipline of Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
| | - Fiona Shand
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
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7
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Suicidal ideation and behaviors within the school context: Perceived teacher, peer and parental support. Psychiatry Res 2018; 269:185-190. [PMID: 30149277 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
School-related factors have been found to be associated with adolescents' suicidal ideation and behaviors, including teacher and peer support. Research has tended to ignore the nested nature of school-related data, which may be critical in this context. The current study implemented a multi-level approach on data from the 2013-14 Health Behaviors in School-aged Children (HBSC-WHO) Israeli survey among high school children (N = 4241; 56% female). Participants completed measures of teacher-, peer-, and parental-support (coded reversely from 1 = high to 5 = low), and suicidal ideation and behaviors in the last 12 months. Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM), controlling for gender and age, revealed that classroom-level teachers' support was significantly related to students' suicidal ideation and behaviors (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.20-2.44; OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.04-1.86; respectively), whereas parental (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.40-1.75; OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.30-1.55; respectively) and peer support (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.12-1.31; OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02-1.21; respectively) were significant at the individual-level. The school environment can play a significant role in reducing risk for suicidal ideation and behaviors. Findings can inform future research and practice in planning and implementing evidence-based intervention programs within schools.
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8
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Systematic Literature Review of Attempted Suicide and Offspring. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15050937. [PMID: 29738447 PMCID: PMC5981976 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Exposure to parental suicide attempt is associated with higher risks of adverse outcomes like lower educational performance, drug abuse and delinquent behavior. When a patient is hospitalized after a suicide attempt, this presents a unique opportunity to identify whether the patient has children, and thereby provide adequate follow-up for both the parent/patient and their children. The objective of this paper was to review the existing literature on follow-up measures for children subjected to parental suicide attempt. Methods: In line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, we conducted a systematic literature search. Results: The search resulted in a total of 1275 article titles, of which all abstracts were screened. Out of these, 72 full text papers were read, and a final four articles were included. Three of the included papers described parts of the same study from an emergency department in The Hague, where a protocol was implemented for monitoring and referring children of parents attempting suicide. The fourth article described the association between maternal attempted suicide and risk of abuse or neglect of their children. Conclusions: The lack of research in this particular area is striking. The circumstances surrounding a parent’s suicide attempt call for appropriate familial care.
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Abstract
Puerto Rican adolescents, as well as other Latinos/as, have been identified at higher risk for suicidal ideation and attempts compared to other ethnic groups. However, research designed to better understand suicidality among Puerto Rican adolescents is rare. OBJECTIVE A socio-cognitive vulnerability model of suicidal ideation was tested in adolescents living in Puerto Rico. METHOD Multiple group path analyses were performed to assess the effect of self-reported socio-environmental and vulnerability factors on suicidal ideation, by sex, in 233 students from the metropolitan area of San Juan, Puerto Rico. RESULTS Overall, the model explained a large amount of the variance in suicidal ideation (r2 = .59 for females and r2 = .48 for males). Depressive symptoms had the strongest total effect on suicidal ideation for both sexes (r = .69 for females and r = .53 for males) and negative life events were the most salient socio-environmental factor. Hopelessness had a direct effect on suicidal ideation for males only. Externalizing behaviors had a direct effect on suicidal ideation for both males and females, but it was particularly strong for females. CONCLUSION Results support the mediating role of vulnerability factors and the differential importance of socio-environmental and vulnerability factors in understanding suicidal ideation among Puerto Rican adolescents. The relevance of exploring different developmental paths to suicidal ideation, separately by sex, is discussed.
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Kuramoto-Crawford SJ, Ali MM, Wilcox HC. Parent-Child Connectedness and Long-Term Risk for Suicidal Ideation in a Nationally Representative Sample of US Adolescents. CRISIS 2016; 38:309-318. [PMID: 27869507 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have addressed on the role of parent-child connectedness (PCC) on adolescents' risk for suicidal ideation from a longitudinal, developmental perspective. AIM This study examined PCC during adolescence and risk of suicidal ideation into adulthood among a nationally representative sample of American adolescents. METHOD The study includes 13,234 adolescents aged 11-18 from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) who were surveyed during adolescence (1994-1995) and then again in early adulthood (2008-2009). Multinomial logistic regression estimated the association between PCC during adolescence and having ideation during the adolescence period only, in adulthood only, and in both adolescence and adulthood as compared with those without suicidal ideation. RESULTS After adjusting for depressive symptoms and other parent and adolescent characteristics, adolescents in two-parent households who reported higher PCC during adolescence had lower relative risk of having ideation during adolescence alone and in both adolescence and adulthood. In mother-only households, higher mother connectedness was also associated with decreased risk of having adolescent ideation. CONCLUSION PCC is an important modifiable target for the prevention of suicidal ideation from adolescence into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Janet Kuramoto-Crawford
- 1 Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration, enter for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Division of Evaluation, Analysis and Quality, Analysis and Services Research Branch, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mir M Ali
- 1 Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration, enter for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Division of Evaluation, Analysis and Quality, Analysis and Services Research Branch, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Holly C Wilcox
- 2 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Roche KM, Bingenheimer JB, Ghazarian SR. The dynamic interdependence between family support and depressive symptoms among adolescents in Ghana. Int J Public Health 2016; 61:487-94. [PMID: 26841893 PMCID: PMC4911234 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-015-0781-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study identified temporal sequencing in the associations between family support and depressive symptoms over the course of adolescence for youth in Ghana. METHODS Data derived from a longitudinal cohort study of 718 Ghanaian adolescents (58 % female) who were, on average, 13.84 years at Wave 1. Youth completed surveys at three time points separated by an 18-month time lag from early through late adolescence. Latent growth curve techniques were used to investigate the degree to which family support predicts changes in youth depressive symptoms and/or depressive symptoms precede changes in family support from early through late adolescence. RESULTS Youth in Ghana experience declines in family support and increases in depressive symptoms over the course of adolescence. The associations between lower family support and higher depressive symptoms are recursive or bidirectional over time. CONCLUSIONS Study results suggest the value of promoting family support and reducing youth's depressive symptomology as a way of interrupting a recursive cycle of declining family support and increasing depressive symptomology from early through late adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M. Roche
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Avenue, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Jeffrey B. Bingenheimer
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Avenue, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Sharon R. Ghazarian
- Department of Community & Public Health, Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, The Johns Hopkins University, 525 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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12
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Hammerton G, Zammit S, Thapar A, Collishaw S. Explaining risk for suicidal ideation in adolescent offspring of mothers with depression. Psychol Med 2016; 46:265-275. [PMID: 26303275 PMCID: PMC4682478 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291715001671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well-established that offspring of depressed mothers are at increased risk for suicidal ideation. However, pathways involved in the transmission of risk for suicidal ideation from depressed mothers to offspring are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of potential mediators of this association, including maternal suicide attempt, offspring psychiatric disorder and the parent-child relationship. METHOD Data were utilized from a population-based birth cohort (ALSPAC). Three distinct classes of maternal depression symptoms across the first 11 years of the child's life had already been identified (minimal, moderate, chronic-severe). Offspring suicidal ideation was assessed at age 16 years. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling. RESULTS There was evidence for increased risk of suicidal ideation in offspring of mothers with chronic-severe depression symptoms compared to offspring of mothers with minimal symptoms (odds ratio 3.04, 95% confidence interval 2.19-4.21). The majority of this association was explained through maternal suicide attempt and offspring psychiatric disorder. There was also evidence for an independent indirect effect via the parent-child relationship in middle childhood. There was no longer evidence of a direct effect of maternal depression on offspring suicidal ideation after accounting for all three mediators. The pattern of results was similar when examining mechanisms for maternal moderate depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight that suicide prevention efforts in offspring of depressed mothers should be particularly targeted at both offspring with a psychiatric disorder and offspring whose mothers have made a suicide attempt. Interventions aimed at improving the parent-child relationship may also be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Hammerton
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical
Neurosciences, Cardiff University,
Cardiff, UK
| | - S. Zammit
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical
Neurosciences, Cardiff University,
Cardiff, UK
- Centre for Academic Mental Health,
University of Bristol, Bristol,
UK
| | - A. Thapar
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical
Neurosciences, Cardiff University,
Cardiff, UK
| | - S. Collishaw
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical
Neurosciences, Cardiff University,
Cardiff, UK
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13
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Henneberger AK, Varga SM, Moudy A, Tolan PH. Family Functioning and High Risk Adolescents' Aggressive Behavior: Examining Effects by Ethnicity. J Youth Adolesc 2014; 45:145-55. [PMID: 25416227 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-014-0222-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between family functioning and adolescents' physical aggression has been well established, but whether these relationships might differ by ethnicity has received less attention. Ethnic variations may be important for targeting prevention programs to specific youth and families. This study examined the longitudinal relationship between family cohesion, parental monitoring, and physical aggression using data from the Multisite Violence Prevention Project sample of high-risk youth (elevated aggression). Participants were 1,232 high-risk middle school students (65% male; 70% African American; 15% Hispanic). Meaningful demographic variations were identified. After controlling for intervention condition and study site, family cohesion was significantly negatively related to physical aggression, more so for Hispanic youth. Parental monitoring was negatively associated with physical aggression for African American youth only. Our findings point to the importance of developing culturally sensitive family interventions to prevent physical aggression in middle school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela K Henneberger
- The Methodology Center, The Pennsylvania State University, 204 E. Calder Way, Suite 400, State College, PA, 16801, USA.
| | - Shannon M Varga
- Curry School of Education, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Alyssa Moudy
- Curry School of Education, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Patrick H Tolan
- Curry School of Education, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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