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Jiang Q, Li J, Pan Y, Wang J, Yang J, Shen S, Hou Y. Melatonin-primed MSCs alleviate intrauterine adhesions by affecting MSC-expressed galectin-3 on macrophage polarization. Stem Cells 2022; 40:919-931. [PMID: 35866866 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is characterized by the presence of fibrosis on the uterine cavity. It is mainly caused by infection or trauma to the endometrium, and it imposes a great challenge to female reproductive health. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used to regenerate the human endometrium in patients with IUA, but stem cell therapy is not curative in some patients. Melatonin (MT) was reported as a potential modulator of MSCs. However, it remains unclear whether MSCs pretreated with MT exert an improved therapeutic effect on IUA. In this study, an IUA model was established using our invented electric scratching tool. Our results illustrated that MT-pretreated MSCs significantly attenuated the development of IUA. Moreover, MT-pretreated MSCs highly expressed galectin-3 (Gal-3), which enhanced MSC proliferation and migration and influenced macrophage polarization. Of note, IUA mice exhibited colonic injury, and MT-pretreated MSCs alleviated this injury by normalizing colonic microbial communities and recruiting macrophages. Furthermore, inhibition of sympathetic nerves had no effect on IUA progression but delayed colonic injury, and Gal-3 combined with norepinephrine better promoted M2-like macrophage polarization and inhibited M1-like macrophage polarization. Together, these data indicated that MT-primed MSCs can ameliorate injury of both the uterus and colon in an IUA model through high Gal-3 expression to influence sympathetic nerves and in turn affect the polarization and recruitment of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jingman Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuchen Pan
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Sunan Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China
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2
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Elsawy H, Almalki M, Elmenshawy O, Abdel-Moneim A. In vivo evaluation of the protective effects of arjunolic acid against lipopolysaccharide-induced septic myocardial injury. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12986. [PMID: 35190789 PMCID: PMC8857905 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a glycolipid component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, which induces multiple organ dysfunctions, eventually leading to septic shock and death. Arjunolic acid (AA) has been shown to have therapeutic benefits against various organ pathophysiologies, although its role in sepsis remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the effects of AA on LPS-induced free radical production and cardiotoxicity. Male albino mice were allocated to four groups: normal, 1.5 µg/30 g b.w. of LPS (LPS), 20 mg/kg b.w. AA with LPS (AA+LPS) and 20 mg/kg b.w. of AA (AA). Subsequently, blood and heart samples were harvested for biochemical and histopathological examinations. Pretreatment with AA attenuated LPS-induced increased serum levels of cardiac troponin I, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase. In the meantime, AA pretreatment before LPS resulted in a significant increase in endogenous antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione) and a significant decrease in the level of lipid peroxidation product (malondialdehyde) in the heart as compared to the LPS group, while cardiac cytochrome c activity were significantly increased. In addition, in the AA-pretreated mice, C-reactive protein and proinflammatory cytokines (interlukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) were significantly reduced, and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-4 and -10) were significantly increased in cardiac tissues as compared to the LPS-treated animals. Furthermore, prior administration of AA to LPS exposed mice led to a significant a significant decrease in heart caspase-3, -8, and -9 as compared to the LPS group. Interestingly, AA was also able to improve LPS-induced histopathological changes in the cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, these in vivo findings indicate that AA may be a promising cardioprotective agent against LPS-stimulated cardiotoxicity, at least in part, through upregulation of cardiac antioxidants, reduction of lipid peroxidation, and inhibition of inflammation and cardiac cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Elsawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Almalki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Elmenshawy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Abdel-Moneim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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3
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Melatonin and the Programming of Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041971. [PMID: 35216086 PMCID: PMC8879213 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin interacts with various types of stem cells, in multiple ways that comprise stimulation of proliferation, maintenance of stemness and self-renewal, protection of survival, and programming toward functionally different cell lineages. These various properties are frequently intertwined but may not be always jointly present. Melatonin typically stimulates proliferation and transition to the mature cell type. For all sufficiently studied stem or progenitor cells, melatonin’s signaling pathways leading to expression of respective morphogenetic factors are discussed. The focus of this article will be laid on the aspect of programming, particularly in pluripotent cells. This is especially but not exclusively the case in neural stem cells (NSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Concerning developmental bifurcations, decisions are not exclusively made by melatonin alone. In MSCs, melatonin promotes adipogenesis in a Wnt (Wingless-Integration-1)-independent mode, but chondrogenesis and osteogenesis Wnt-dependently. Melatonin upregulates Wnt, but not in the adipogenic lineage. This decision seems to depend on microenvironment and epigenetic memory. The decision for chondrogenesis instead of osteogenesis, both being Wnt-dependent, seems to involve fibroblast growth factor receptor 3. Stem cell-specific differences in melatonin and Wnt receptors, and contributions of transcription factors and noncoding RNAs are outlined, as well as possibilities and the medical importance of re-programming for transdifferentiation.
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Shi F, Xiao D, Zhang C, Zhi W, Liu Y, Weng J. The effect of macropore size of hydroxyapatite scaffold on the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells under perfusion culture. Regen Biomater 2021; 8:rbab050. [PMID: 34567788 PMCID: PMC8457200 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have proved that dynamic culture could facilitate nutrients transport and apply mechanical stimulation to the cells within three-dimensional scaffolds, thus enhancing the differentiation of stem cells towards the osteogenic phenotype. However, the effects of macropore size on osteogenic differentiation of stem cells under dynamic condition are still unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of macropore size of hydroxyapatite (HAp) scaffolds on osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells under static and perfusion culture conditions. In vitro cell culture results showed that cell proliferation, alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity, mRNA expression of ALP, collagen-I (Col-I), osteocalcin (OCN) and osteopontin (OPN) were enhanced when cultured under perfusion condition in comparison to static culture. Under perfusion culture condition, the ALP activity and the gene expression of ALP, Col-I, OCN and OPN were enhanced with the macropore size decreasing from 1300 to 800 µm. However, with the further decrease in macropore size from 800 to 500 µm, the osteogenic related gene expression and protein secretion were reduced. Computational fluid dynamics analysis showed that the distribution areas of medium- and high-speed flow increased with the decrease in macropore size, accompanied by the increase of the fluid shear stress within the scaffolds. These results confirm the effects of macropore size on fluid flow stimuli and cell differentiation, and also help optimize the macropore size of HAp scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shi
- Collaboration Innovation Center for Tissue Repair Material Engineering Technology, College of Life Science, China West Normal University, No.1 Shida Road, Nanchong, Sichuan 637002, China.,Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, the Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, No.97 Renmin South Road, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China.,College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, No.111 North 1st Section of Second Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Dongqin Xiao
- Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, the Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, No.97 Renmin South Road, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Chengdong Zhang
- Research Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, the Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, No.97 Renmin South Road, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China.,College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, No.111 North 1st Section of Second Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Wei Zhi
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, No.111 North 1st Section of Second Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Collaboration Innovation Center for Tissue Repair Material Engineering Technology, College of Life Science, China West Normal University, No.1 Shida Road, Nanchong, Sichuan 637002, China.,College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, No.1 Shida Road, Nanchong, Sichuan 637002, China
| | - Jie Weng
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, No.111 North 1st Section of Second Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
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Lei X, Liu Q, Li S, Zhang Z, Yang X. Effects of fluid shear stress on expression of focal adhesion kinase in MG-63 human osteoblast-like cells on different surface modification of titanium. Bioengineered 2021; 12:4962-4971. [PMID: 34374319 PMCID: PMC8806473 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1962686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of fluid shear stress (FSS) on cell proliferation and expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in MG-63 cells on different modified titanium surfaces. MG63 cells were cultured on three different surfaces: glass slide, polished treatment (PT) titanium surface and sandblasted/acid-etched surfaces (SLA) titanium surface. The surface topography and roughness were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. The cells were subjected to FSS, and the cell appearance before and after the stress was evaluated. MTT assay was applied to estimate cell proliferation. The mRNA and protein levels of FAK were determined by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Titanium plates demonstrated different surface microtopography. Parameter Ra values of SLA group were around 3.4 µm, which was higher than PT group. Exposure to the FSS of 12 dynes/cm2 significantly induced positive upregulation of cellular proliferation and the expression of FAK, which were directly correlated with the duration of exposure and surface. Cells in SLA group were able to endurance the longtime of FSS, especially under the FSS of 16 dynes/cm2. SLA surface had a positive influence on the expression of FAK. Different surface modifications created different microtopography of titanium plates. Cell proliferation and the mRNA and protein expression of FAK were stimulated by FSS and regulated by a marked synergistic effect of surface topography and the level and duration of FSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lei
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Guangdong, China
| | - Shiyi Li
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaoqiang Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Guangdong, China
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Shi F, Duan K, Yang Z, Liu Y, Weng J. Improved cell seeding efficiency and cell distribution in porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds by semi-dynamic method. Cell Tissue Bank 2021; 23:313-324. [PMID: 34251541 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-021-09945-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a promising technique for the repair of bone defects. An efficient and homogeneous distribution of cell seeding into scaffold is a crucial but challenging step in the technique. Murine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were seeded into porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds of two morphologies by three methods: static seeding, semi-dynamic seeding, or dynamic perfusion seeding. Seeding efficiency, survival, distribution, and proliferation were quantitatively evaluated. To investigate the performance of the three seeding methods for larger/thicker scaffolds as well as batch seeding of numerous scaffolds, three scaffolds were stacked to form assemblies, and seeding efficiencies and cell distribution were analyzed. The semi-dynamic seeding and static seeding methods produced significantly higher seeding efficiencies, vitalities, and proliferation than did the dynamic perfusion seeding. On the other hand, the semi-dynamic seeding and dynamic perfusion seeding methods resulted in more homogeneous cell distribution than did the static seeding. For stacked scaffold assemblies, the semi-dynamic seeding method also created superior seeding efficiency and longitudinal cell distribution homogeneity. The semi-dynamic seeding method combines the high seeding efficiency of static seeding and satisfactory distribution homogeneity of dynamic seeding while circumventing their disadvantages. It may contribute to improved outcomes of bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shi
- Collaboration and Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material Engineering Technology, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, Sichuan, China
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Duan
- Sichuan Provincial Laboratory of Orthopaedic Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zaijun Yang
- Collaboration and Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material Engineering Technology, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, Sichuan, China
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, Sichuan, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Collaboration and Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material Engineering Technology, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, Sichuan, China.
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jie Weng
- China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China.
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7
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Huang J, Li Y, He C. Melatonin as a Trigger of Therapeutic Bone Regenerating Capacity in Biomaterials. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:707-718. [PMID: 34250874 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210709145347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone defects are usually treated with bone grafting. Several synthetic biomaterials have emerged to replace autologous and allogeneic bone grafts, but there are still shortcomings in bone regeneration. Melatonin has demonstrated a beneficial effect on bone metabolism with the potential to treat fractures, bone defects, and osteoporosis. The hormone promoted osteogenesis, inhibited osteoclastogenesis, stimulated angiogenesis, and reduced peri-implantitis around the graft. Recently, a growing number of studies showed beneficial effects of melatonin to treat bone defects. However, cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in bone healing are still poorly understood. In this review, we recapitulate the potential mechanisms of melatonin, providing a new horizon to the clinical treatment of bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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8
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Shao H, Wu R, Cao L, Gu H, Chai F. Trelagliptin stimulates osteoblastic differentiation by increasing runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2): a therapeutic implication in osteoporosis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:960-968. [PMID: 33734011 PMCID: PMC8291811 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1900633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, an aging-associated bone metabolic disease, is affecting millions of people worldwide. The deregulated process of osteoblastic differentiation has been linked with the progression of osteoporosis. Trelagliptin is a long-acting inhibitor of DPP-4 used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, it is unknown whether Trelagliptin possesses a beneficial effect in osteoblastic differentiation. Interestingly, we found that treatment with Trelagliptin enhanced differentiation and promoted the mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells. Firstly, Trelagliptin increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and promoted osteoblastic calcium deposition. Additionally, treatment with Trelagliptin upregulated ALP, osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). Notably, Trelagliptin increased RUNX2, a major regulator of osteoblastic differentiation. Mechanistically, Trelagliptin upregulated the levels of p-AMPKα. Blockage of AMPK with compound C abolished the effects of Trelagliptin in RUNX2 and osteoblastic differentiation, suggesting the involvement of AMPK. Our findings suggest that Trelagliptin might possess a potential for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyu Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Renzheng Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongyang Garden Tianshi Hospital, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haifeng Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Chai
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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9
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Guelly C, Abilova Z, Nuralinov O, Panzitt K, Akhmetova A, Rakhimova S, Kozhamkulov U, Kairov U, Molkenov A, Seisenova A, Trajanoski S, Abildinova Rashbayeva G, Kaussova G, Windpassinger C, Lee JH, Zhumadilov Z, Bekbossynova M, Akilzhanova A. Patients with coronary heart disease, dilated cardiomyopathy and idiopathic ventricular tachycardia share overlapping patterns of pathogenic variation in cardiac risk genes. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10711. [PMID: 33552729 PMCID: PMC7821765 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a major cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Clinical investigations can sometimes fail to identify the underlying cause of VT and the event is classified as idiopathic (iVT). VT contributes significantly to the morbidity and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Since mutations in arrhythmia-associated genes frequently determine arrhythmia susceptibility screening for disease-predisposing variants could improve VT diagnostics and prevent SCD in patients. Methods Ninety-two patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD), DCM, or iVT were included in our study. We evaluated genetic profiles and variants in known cardiac risk genes by targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) using a newly designed custom panel of 96 genes. We hypothesized that shared morphological and phenotypical features among these subgroups may have an overlapping molecular base. To our knowledge, this was the first study of the deep sequencing of 96 targeted cardiac genes in Kazakhstan. The clinical significance of the sequence variants was interpreted according to the guidelines developed by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) in 2015. The ClinVar and Varsome databases were used to determine the variant classifications. Results Targeted sequencing and stepwise filtering of the annotated variants identified a total of 307 unique variants in 74 genes, totally 456 variants in the overall study group. We found 168 mutations listed in the Human Genome Mutation Database (HGMD) and another 256 rare/unique variants with elevated pathogenic potential. There was a predominance of high- to intermediate pathogenicity variants in LAMA2, MYBPC3, MYH6, KCNQ1, GAA, and DSG2 in CHD VT patients. Similar frequencies were observed in DCM VT, and iVT patients, pointing to a common molecular disease association. TTN, GAA, LAMA2, and MYBPC3 contained the most variants in the three subgroups which confirm the impact of these genes in the complex pathogenesis of cardiomyopathies and VT. The classification of 307 variants according to ACMG guidelines showed that nine (2.9%) variants could be classified as pathogenic, nine (2.9%) were likely pathogenic, 98 (31.9%) were of uncertain significance, 73 (23.8%) were likely benign, and 118 (38.4%) were benign. CHD VT patients carry rare genetic variants with increased pathogenic potential at a comparable frequency to DCM VT and iVT patients in genes related to sarcomere function, nuclear function, ion flux, and metabolism. Conclusions In this study we showed that in patients with VT secondary to coronary artery disease, DCM, or idiopathic etiology multiple rare mutations and clinically significant sequence variants in classic cardiac risk genes associated with cardiac channelopathies and cardiomyopathies were found in a similar pattern and at a comparable frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Guelly
- Center of Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Zhannur Abilova
- Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Life Science, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Katrin Panzitt
- Center of Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ainur Akhmetova
- Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Life Science, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Saule Rakhimova
- Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Life Science, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Ulan Kozhamkulov
- Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Life Science, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Ulykbek Kairov
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Askhat Molkenov
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Ainur Seisenova
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Slave Trajanoski
- Center of Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Joseph H Lee
- Sergievsky Center Taub Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Zhaxybay Zhumadilov
- Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Life Science, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Ainur Akilzhanova
- Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Life Science, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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10
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Fan C, Feng J, Tang C, Zhang Z, Feng Y, Duan W, Zhai M, Yan Z, Zhu L, Feng L, Zhu H, Luo E. Melatonin suppresses ER stress-dependent proapoptotic effects via AMPK in bone mesenchymal stem cells during mitochondrial oxidative damage. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:442. [PMID: 33059742 PMCID: PMC7560057 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01948-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been used as important cell-based tools for clinical applications. Oxidative stress-induced apoptosis causes a low survival rate after transplantation, and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are vital organelles regulated by adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), especially during oxidative stress injury. Melatonin exerts an antioxidant effect by scavenging free radicals. Here, we aimed to explore whether cytoprotective melatonin relieves ER stress-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction through AMPK in BMSCs after oxidative stress injury. Methods Mouse BMSCs were isolated and exposed to H2O2 in the absence or presence of melatonin. Thereafter, cell damage, oxidative stress levels, mitochondrial function, AMPK activity, ER stress-related proteins, and apoptotic markers were measured. Additionally, the involvement of AMPK and ER stress in the melatonin-mediated protection of BMSCs against H2O2-induced injury was investigated using pharmacologic agonists and inhibitors. Results Melatonin improved cell survival and restored mitochondrial function. Moreover, melatonin intimately regulated the phosphorylation of AMPK and molecules associated with ER stress pathways. AMPK activation and ER stress inhibition following melatonin administration improved the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reduced mitochondria-initiated oxidative damage, and ultimately suppressed apoptotic signaling pathways in BMSCs. Cotreatment with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) significantly enhanced the antioxidant effect of melatonin. Importantly, pharmacological AMPK activation/ER stress inhibition promoted melatonin-induced cytoprotection, while pharmacological AMPK inactivation/ER stress induction conferred resistance to the effect of melatonin against H2O2 insult. Conclusions Our data also reveal a new, potentially therapeutic mechanism by which melatonin protects BMSCs from oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis, possibly by regulating the AMPK-ER stress pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxi Fan
- Department of Military Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, 30 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Jianyu Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chi Tang
- Department of Military Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhengbin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The 8th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 17 Heishanhu Street, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yingtong Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Weixun Duan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Mingming Zhai
- Department of Military Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zedong Yan
- Department of Military Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Liwen Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710077, China
| | - Lele Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hanzhao Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Military Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Fan C, Feng J, Tang C, Zhang Z, Feng Y, Duan W, Zhai M, Yan Z, Zhu L, Feng L, Zhu H, Luo E. Melatonin suppresses ER stress-dependent proapoptotic effects via AMPK in bone mesenchymal stem cells during mitochondrial oxidative damage. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020. [PMID: 33059742 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01948-5.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been used as important cell-based tools for clinical applications. Oxidative stress-induced apoptosis causes a low survival rate after transplantation, and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are vital organelles regulated by adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), especially during oxidative stress injury. Melatonin exerts an antioxidant effect by scavenging free radicals. Here, we aimed to explore whether cytoprotective melatonin relieves ER stress-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction through AMPK in BMSCs after oxidative stress injury. METHODS Mouse BMSCs were isolated and exposed to H2O2 in the absence or presence of melatonin. Thereafter, cell damage, oxidative stress levels, mitochondrial function, AMPK activity, ER stress-related proteins, and apoptotic markers were measured. Additionally, the involvement of AMPK and ER stress in the melatonin-mediated protection of BMSCs against H2O2-induced injury was investigated using pharmacologic agonists and inhibitors. RESULTS Melatonin improved cell survival and restored mitochondrial function. Moreover, melatonin intimately regulated the phosphorylation of AMPK and molecules associated with ER stress pathways. AMPK activation and ER stress inhibition following melatonin administration improved the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reduced mitochondria-initiated oxidative damage, and ultimately suppressed apoptotic signaling pathways in BMSCs. Cotreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) significantly enhanced the antioxidant effect of melatonin. Importantly, pharmacological AMPK activation/ER stress inhibition promoted melatonin-induced cytoprotection, while pharmacological AMPK inactivation/ER stress induction conferred resistance to the effect of melatonin against H2O2 insult. CONCLUSIONS Our data also reveal a new, potentially therapeutic mechanism by which melatonin protects BMSCs from oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis, possibly by regulating the AMPK-ER stress pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxi Fan
- Department of Military Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, 30 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Jianyu Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chi Tang
- Department of Military Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhengbin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The 8th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 17 Heishanhu Street, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yingtong Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Weixun Duan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Mingming Zhai
- Department of Military Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zedong Yan
- Department of Military Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Liwen Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710077, China
| | - Lele Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hanzhao Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Military Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Dash SK, Sharma V, Verma RS, Das SK. Low intermittent flow promotes rat mesenchymal stem cell differentiation in logarithmic fluid shear device. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2020; 14:054107. [PMID: 33163135 PMCID: PMC7595746 DOI: 10.1063/5.0024437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are an ideal candidate for bone tissue engineering due to their osteogenic potential. Along with chemical, mechanical signals such as fluid shear stress have been found to influence their differentiation characteristics. But the range of fluid shear experienced in vivo is too wide and difficult to generate in a single device. We have designed a microfluidic device that could generate four orders of shear stresses on adherent cells. This was achieved using a unique hydraulic resistance combination and linear optimization to the lesser total length of the circuit, making the device compact and yet generating four logarithmically increasing shear stresses. Numerical simulation depicts that, at an inlet velocity of 160 μl/min, our device generated shear stresses from 1.03 Pa to 1.09 mPa. In this condition, we successfully cultured primary rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) in the device for a prolonged period of time in the incubator environment (four days). Higher cell proliferation rate was observed in the intermittent flow at 1.09 mPa. At 10 mPa, both upregulation of osteogenic genes and higher alkaline phosphatase activity were observed. These results suggest that the intermittent shear of the order of 10 mPa can competently enhance osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs compared to static culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanat Kumar Dash
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Vineeta Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Rama Shankar Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Sarit K. Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
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Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common and serious illness in the world and has been researched for many years. However, there are still no real effective ways to prevent and save patients with this disease. When patients present with myocardial infarction, the most important step is to recover ischemic prefusion, which usually is accomplished by coronary artery bypass surgery, coronary artery intervention (PCI), or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). These are invasive procedures, and patients with extensive lesions cannot tolerate surgery. It is, therefore, extremely urgent to search for a noninvasive way to save ischemic myocardium. After suffering from ischemia, cardiac or skeletal muscle can partly recover blood flow through angiogenesis (de novo capillary) induced by hypoxia, arteriogenesis, or collateral growth (opening and remodeling of arterioles) triggered by dramatical increase of fluid shear stress (FSS). Evidence has shown that both of them are regulated by various crossed pathways, such as hypoxia-related pathways, cellular metabolism remodeling, inflammatory cells invasion and infiltration, or hemodynamical changes within the vascular wall, but still they do not find effective target for regulating revascularization at present. 5′-Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), as a kinase, is not only an energy modulator but also a sensor of cellular oxygen-reduction substances, and many researches have suggested that AMPK plays an essential role in revascularization but the mechanism is not completely understood. Usually, AMPK can be activated by ADP or AMP, upstream kinases or other cytokines, and pharmacological agents, and then it phosphorylates key molecules that are involved in energy metabolism, autophagy, anti-inflammation, oxidative stress, and aging process to keep cellular homeostasis and finally keeps cell normal activity and function. This review makes a summary on the subunits, activation and downstream targets of AMPK, the mechanism of revascularization, the effects of AMPK in endothelial cells, angiogenesis, and arteriogenesis along with some prospects.
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14
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Di S, Wang Z, Hu W, Yan X, Ma Z, Li X, Li W, Gao J. The Protective Effects of Melatonin Against LPS-Induced Septic Myocardial Injury: A Potential Role of AMPK-Mediated Autophagy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:162. [PMID: 32373063 PMCID: PMC7176935 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Melatonin is an indolamine secreted by the pineal gland, as well as most of the organs and tissues. In addition to regulating circadian biology, studies have confirmed the multiple pharmacological effects of melatonin. Melatonin provides a strong defense against septic myocardial injury. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully described. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of melatonin against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocardial injury as well as the mechanisms involved. Methods: Mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS to induce a septic myocardial injury model or an LPS shock model, depending on the dose of LPS. Melatonin was given (20 mg/kg/day, via intraperitoneal injection) for a week prior to LPS insult. 6 h after LPS injection, echocardiographic analysis, TUNEL staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), western blot, quantitative real-time PCR and ELISA were used to investigate the protective effects of melatonin against LPS induced myocardial injury. AMPK inhibitor, autophagy activator and inhibitor, siRNAs were used for further validation. Results: Survival test showed that melatonin significantly increased the survival rate after LPS-induced shock. In the sepsis model, melatonin markedly ameliorated myocardial dysfunction, decreased the release of inflammatory cytokines, activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), improved mitochondrial function, and activated autophagy. To confirm whether the protection of melatonin was mediated by AMPK and autophagy, Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor; 3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor; and Rapamycin (Rapa), an autophagy activator, were used in this study. AMPK inhibition down-regulated autophagy, abolished protection of melatonin, as indicated by significantly decreased cardiac function, increased inflammation and damaged mitochondrial function. Furthermore, autophagy inhibition by 3-MA significantly impaired the protective effects of melatonin, whereas autophagy activation by Rapa reversed LPS + Compound C induced myocardial injury. In addition, in vitro studies further confirmed the protection of melatonin against LPS-induced myocardial injury and the mechanisms involving AMPK-mediated autophagy signaling. Conclusions: In summary, our results demonstrated that melatonin protects against LPS-induced septic myocardial injury by activating AMPK mediated autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyin Di
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaolong Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weimiao Li
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Weimiao Li
| | - Jianyuan Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Jianyuan Gao
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15
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Zhao L, Hu C, Zhang P, Jiang H, Chen J. Melatonin preconditioning is an effective strategy for mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for kidney disease. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:25-33. [PMID: 31747719 PMCID: PMC6933322 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on multiple studies in animal models, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)‐based therapy appears to be an innovative intervention approach with tremendous potential for the management of kidney disease. However, the clinical therapeutic effects of MSCs in either acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD) are still under debate. Hurdles originate from the harsh microenvironment in vivo that decreases the cell survival rate, paracrine activity and migratory capacity of MSCs after transplantation, which are believed to be the main reasons for their limited effects in clinical applications. Melatonin is traditionally regarded as a circadian rhythm‐regulated neurohormone but in recent years has been found to exhibit antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. Because inflammation, oxidative stress, thermal injury, and hypoxia are abnormally activated in kidney disease, application of melatonin preconditioning to optimize the MSC response to the hostile in vivo microenvironment before transplantation is of great importance. In this review, we discuss current knowledge concerning the beneficial effects of melatonin preconditioning in MSC‐based therapy for kidney disease. By summarizing the available information and discussing the underlying mechanisms, we aim to improve the therapeutic effects of MSC‐based therapy for kidney disease and accelerate translation to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfei Zhao
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenxia Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Liao N, Shi Y, Zhang C, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Zhao B, Zeng Y, Liu X, Liu J. Antioxidants inhibit cell senescence and preserve stemness of adipose tissue-derived stem cells by reducing ROS generation during long-term in vitro expansion. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:306. [PMID: 31623678 PMCID: PMC6798439 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1404-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are promising candidates for regenerative medicine. However, long-term in vitro passaging leads to stemness loss and cell senescence of ADSCs, resulting in failure of ADSC-based therapy. METHODS In this study, ADSCs were treated with low dose of antioxidants (reduced glutathione and melatonin) with anti-aging and stem cell protection properties in the in vitro passaging, and the cell functions including stem cell senescence, cell migration, cell multidirectional differentiation potential, and ROS content were carefully analyzed. RESULTS We found that GSH and melatonin could maintain ADSC cell functions through reducing cell senescence and promoting cell migration, as well as by preserving stemness and multidirectional differentiation potential, through inhibiting ROS generation during long-term expansion of ADSCs. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that antioxidant treatment could efficiently prevent the dysfunction and preserve cell functions of ADSCs after long-term passaging, providing a practical strategy to facilitate ADSC-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naishun Liao
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjun Shi
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuilin Zhang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Youshi Zheng
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Bixing Zhao
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyi Zeng
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China.,The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China. .,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China. .,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China. .,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China. .,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China. .,The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Zhu G, Ma B, Dong P, Shang J, Gu X, Zi Y. Melatonin promotes osteoblastic differentiation and regulates PDGF/AKT signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2019; 44:402-411. [PMID: 31535749 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guiling Zhu
- Graduate Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA Shenyang Liaoning 110042 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Ma
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200065 People's Republic of China
| | - Penghong Dong
- Graduate Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA Shenyang Liaoning 110042 People’s Republic of China
| | - Junjun Shang
- Graduate Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA Shenyang Liaoning 110042 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaochuan Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University Shanghai 200433 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zi
- Department of Emergency MedicineGraduate Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University463 Hospital of Chinese PLA Shenyang Liaoning 110042 People's Republic of China
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18
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Melatonin protects rabbit spermatozoa from cryo-damage via decreasing oxidative stress. Cryobiology 2019; 88:1-8. [PMID: 31034812 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian spermatozoa are highly susceptible to reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether and how melatonin protects rabbit spermatozoa against ROS stress during cryopreservation. Semen was diluted with Tris-citrate-glucose extender in presence of different concentrations of melatonin. It was observed that addition of 0.1 mM melatonin significantly improved spermatozoa motility, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential as well as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. Meanwhile, the lipid peroxidation (LPO), ROS levels and apoptosis of post-thaw spermatozoa were reduced in presence of melatonin. Interestingly, when fresh spermatozoa were incubated with 100 μM H2O2, addition of 0.1 mM melatonin significantly decreased the oxidative damage compared to the H2O2 treatment, whereas addition of luzindole, an MT1 receptor inhibitor, decrease the effect of melatonin in spermatozoa. It was observed that the glutathione (GSH) content and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly increased with addition of melatonin during cryopreservation. In conclusion, addition of melatonin to the freezing extender protects rabbit spermatozoa against ROS attack by enhancing AMPK phosphorylation for increasing the antioxidative defense.
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19
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Wang B, Wen H, Smith W, Hao D, He B, Kong L. Regulation effects of melatonin on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:1008-1015. [PMID: 30145787 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin's therapeutic potential has been highly underestimated because its biological functional roles are diverse and relevant mechanisms are complicated. Among the numerous biological activities of melatonin, its regulatory effects on pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are found in bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) and adipose tissue (AD-MSC), have been recently proposed, which has received increasingly more attention in recent studies. Moreover, receptor-dependent and receptor-independent responses to melatonin are identified to occur in these cells by regulating signaling pathways, which drive the commitment and differentiation of MSCs into osteogenic, chondrogenic, or adipogenic lineages. Therefore, the aim of our current review is to summarize the evidence related to the utility of melatonin as a regulatory agent by focusing on its relationship with the differentiation of MSCs. In particular, we aimed to review its roles in promoting osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation and the relevant signaling cascades involved. Also, the roles that melatonin and, particularly, its receptors play in these processes are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Wen
- Department of Orthopedic, Yan'an University Medical School, Yan'an, China
| | - Wanli Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Baorong He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingbo Kong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
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20
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Hu C, Li L. Melatonin plays critical role in mesenchymal stem cell-based regenerative medicine in vitro and in vivo. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:13. [PMID: 30635065 PMCID: PMC6329089 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1114-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although stem cells have emerged as promising sources for regenerative medicine, there are many potential safety hazards for their clinical application, including tumorigenicity, an availability shortage, senescence, and sensitivity to toxic environments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have various advantages compared to other stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs); thus, MSCs have been intensely investigated in recent studies. However, they are placed in a harsh environment after isolation and transplantation, and the adverse microenvironment substantially reduces the viability and therapeutic effects of MSCs. Intriguingly, melatonin (MT), which is primarily secreted by the pineal organ, has been found to influence the fate of MSCs during various physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we will focus on the recent progress made regarding the influence of MT on stem cell biology and its implications for regenerative medicine. In addition, several biomaterials have been proven to significantly improve the protective effects of MT on MSCs by controlling the release of MT. Collectively, MT will be a promising agent for enhancing MSC activities and the regenerative capacity via the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the release of immune factors in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxia Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Miao Y, Chen Y, Liu X, Diao J, Zhao N, Shi X, Wang Y. Melatonin decorated 3D-printed beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds promoting bone regeneration in a rat calvarial defect model. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb03361g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3D-printed β-TCP scaffolds decorated with melatonin via dopamine mussel-inspired chemistry enhance the osteogenesis and in vivo bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Miao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
| | - Yunhua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
| | - Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
| | - Jingjing Diao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
| | - Naru Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
| | - Xuetao Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
| | - Yingjun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
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Gu C, Li T, Jiang S, Yang Z, Lv J, Yi W, Yang Y, Fang M. AMP-activated protein kinase sparks the fire of cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia and cardiac ageing. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 47:168-175. [PMID: 30110651 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a pivotal regulator of some endogenous defensive molecules in various pathological processes, particularly myocardial ischemia (MI), a high risk of myocardial infarction. Thereby it is of great significance to explore the inherent mechanism between AMPK and myocardial infarction. In this review, we first introduce the structure and role of AMPK in the heart. Next, we introduce the mechanisms of AMPK in the heart; followed by the energy regulation of AMPK in MI. Lastly, the attention will be expanded to some potential directions and further perspectives. The information compiled here will be helpful for further research and drug design in the future before AMPK might be considered as a therapeutic target of MI.
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Xu X, Wang G, Ai L, Shi J, Zhang J, Chen YX. Melatonin suppresses TLR9-triggered proinflammatory cytokine production in macrophages by inhibiting ERK1/2 and AKT activation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15579. [PMID: 30349079 PMCID: PMC6197220 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling plays major roles in innate immune response in macrophages. Melatonin regulates TLR3- and TLR4-mediated innate immune responses in macrophages. However, it remains unknown whether melatonin regulates TLR9-mediated innate immune responses in macrophages. Here we demonstrated that melatonin suppressed TLR9 ligand-induced proinflammatory cytokines mRNA and protein production in peritoneal macrophages without interrupting the viability of peritoneal macrophages. Using a melatonin membrane receptors MT1/MT2 antagonist luzindole, we found that MT1 and MT2 were dispensable for melatonin’s inhibitory effects on TLR9-mediated proinflammatory cytokines production, even though melatonin upregulated mRNA expression of MT1 and MT2 in macrophages. Furthermore, melatonin did not affect mRNA expressions of TLR9 and MyD88 but attenuated TLR9 ligand-induced ERK1/2 and AKT phosphorylation without affecting p38 and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation. Also, melatonin inhibited TLR9-mediated proinflammatory cytokines production in vivo. Taken together, our results demonstrate that melatonin suppresses TLR9-triggered proinflammatory cytokines production in macrophages via melatonin membrane receptor-independent manners and probably through inhibiting ERK1/2 and AKT activation, which further elucidates the roles of melatonin in regulating TLR-mediated innate immune responses in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongfei Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China. .,Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Guoquan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Junkang Hospital, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Lingling Ai
- Department of Otolaryngology, No. 455 Hospital of PLA, Shanghai, 200052, China
| | - Jianhui Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yu-Xia Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Jiang S, Li T, Ji T, Yi W, Yang Z, Wang S, Yang Y, Gu C. AMPK: Potential Therapeutic Target for Ischemic Stroke. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:4535-4551. [PMID: 30214637 PMCID: PMC6134933 DOI: 10.7150/thno.25674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a member of the serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) kinase group, is universally distributed in various cells and organs. It is a significant endogenous defensive molecule that responds to harmful stimuli, such as cerebral ischemia, cerebral hemorrhage, and, neurodegenerative diseases (NDD). Cerebral ischemia, which results from insufficient blood flow or the blockage of blood vessels, is a major cause of ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke has received increased attention due to its '3H' effects, namely high mortality, high morbidity, and high disability. Numerous studies have revealed that activation of AMPK plays a protective role in the brain, whereas its action in ischemic stroke remains elusive and poorly understood. Based on existing evidence, we introduce the basic structure, upstream regulators, and biological roles of AMPK. Second, we analyze the relationship between AMPK and the neurovascular unit (NVU). Third, the actions of AMPK in different phases of ischemia and current therapeutic methods are discussed. Finally, we evaluate existing controversy and provide a detailed analysis, followed by ethical issues, potential directions, and further prospects of AMPK. The information complied here may aid in clinical and basic research of AMPK, which may be a potent drug candidate for ischemic stroke treatment in the future.
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Lochner A, Marais E, Huisamen B. Melatonin and cardioprotection against ischaemia/reperfusion injury: What's new? A review. J Pineal Res 2018; 65:e12490. [PMID: 29570845 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a pleiotropic hormone with several functions. It binds to specific receptors and to a number of cytosolic proteins, activating a vast array of signalling pathways. Its potential to protect the heart against ischaemia/reperfusion damage has attracted much attention, particularly in view of its possible clinical applications. This review will focus mainly on the possible signalling pathways involved in melatonin-induced cardioprotection. In particular, the role of the melatonin receptors and events downstream of receptor activation, for example, the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK), survivor activating factor enhancement (SAFE) and Notch pathways, the sirtuins, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and translocases in the outer membrane (TOM70) will be discussed. Particular attention is given to the role of the mitochondrion in melatonin-induced cardioprotection. In addition, a brief overview will be given regarding the status quo of the clinical application of melatonin in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Lochner
- Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Erna Marais
- Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Barbara Huisamen
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, SA Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
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Feng Y, Lu Y, Liu D, Zhang W, Liu J, Tang H, Zhu Y. Apigenin-7-O-β-d-(-6″-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside pretreatment attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via activating AMPK signaling. Life Sci 2018; 203:246-254. [PMID: 29705352 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Apigenin-7-O-β-d-(-6″-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside (APG) was considered as the major active compound derived from Clematis tangutica. Though we have demonstrated that APG exerts cardioprotective effects, the mechanism of APG-mediated cardioprotection remains largely unknown. Numerous studies indicate that endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is a vital injury factor in myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MI/R). In this study, we mainly investigated whether modulation of the ERS and AMPK were involved in the cardioprotective action of APG during MI/R injury. MAIN METHODS The perfused isolated rat heart or primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes which exposed to APG with or else without the AMPK inhibitor Compound C was then subject to MI/R. After reperfusion, the degree of myocardial injury was assessed by using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, creatine kinase (CK) release, histological examination, and TTC staining. The protein expressions of p-AMPK, AMPK, p-PERK, PERK, p-eIF2α, eIF2α, CHOP, Bax, Bcl2 and Cleaved Caspase 3 were analyzed by western blot. The cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 kit while apoptosis assessed by using TUNEL assay. KEY FINDINGS Pretreatment of APG significantly improved cardiac function and suppressed ERS through activating the AMPK signaling pathway, which could simultaneously improve cardiac function, alleviate myocardial injury, increase the cell viability and decrease apoptosis. SIGNIFICANCE To conclude, APG ameliorates MI/R injury by activating the AMPK signaling pathway and relieving endoplasmic reticulum stress. APG may be a natural product with pharmacological preconditioning activity, which could do us a favor to develop more novel therapy methods to against MI/R injury in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingda Feng
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China; Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yunyang Lu
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, 210 Hospital of PLA, Dalian, Liaoning 116021, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Juntian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Haifeng Tang
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Yanrong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China; Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
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27
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Inhibition of iron overload-induced apoptosis and necrosis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by melatonin. Oncotarget 2018; 8:31626-31637. [PMID: 28415572 PMCID: PMC5458235 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron overload induces severe damage to several vital organs such as the liver, heart and bone, and thus contributes to the dysfunction of these organs. The aim of this study is to investigate whether iron overload causes the apoptosis and necrosis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and melatonin may prevent its toxicity. Perls’ Prussion blue staining showed that exposure to increased concentrations of ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) induced a gradual increase of intracellular iron level in BMSCs. Trypan blue staining demonstrated that FAC decreased the viability of BMSCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Notably, melatonin protected BMSCs against apoptosis and necrosis induced by FAC and it was vertified by Live/Dead, TUNEL and PI/Hoechst stainings. Furthermore, melatonin pretreatment suppressed FAC-induced reactive oxygen species accumulation. Western blot showed that exposure to FAC resulted in the decrease of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the increase of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and Cleaved Caspase-3, and necrosis-related proteins RIP1 and RIP3, which were significantly inhibited by melatonin treatment. At last, melatonin receptor blocker luzindole failed to block the protection of BMSCs apoptosis and necrosis by melatonin. Taken together, melatonin protected BMSCs from iron overload induced apoptosis and necrosis by regulating Bcl-2, Bax, Cleaved Caspase-3, RIP1 and RIP3 pathways.
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Cui J, Li Z, Zhuang S, Qi S, Li L, Zhou J, Zhang W, Zhao Y. Melatonin alleviates inflammation-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells via suppression of Ca 2+-XO-ROS-Drp1-mitochondrial fission axis by activation of AMPK/SERCA2a pathway. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:281-293. [PMID: 28889229 PMCID: PMC5823809 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0841-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelia inflammation damage is vital to the development and progression of chronic venous disease. In the present study, we explored the protective effect of melatonin on endothelia apoptosis induced by LPS, particularly focusing on the mitochondrial fission. We demonstrated that human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) subjected to LPS for 12 h exhibited a higher apoptotic rate. However, melatonin (1-20 μM) treatment 12 h before LPS had the ability to protect HUVEC cell against LPS-mediated apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, LPS induced the cytoplasmic calcium overload which was responsible for the upregulation of calcium-dependent xanthine oxidase (XO). Higher XO expression was associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, leading to the Drp1 phosphorylation at the Ser616 site and migration on the surface of mitochondria. Furthermore, phosphorylated Drp1 initiated the mitochondrial fission contributing to the caspase9-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis as evidenced by lower membrane potential, more cyt-c leakage into the nuclear, and higher expression of proapoptotic proteins. However, melatonin treatment could trigger the AMPK pathway, which was followed by the increased SERCA2a expression. Activation of AMPK/SERCA2a by melatonin inhibited the calcium overload, XO-mediated ROS outburst, Drp1-required mitochondrial fission, and final mitochondrial apoptosis. In summary, this study confirmed that LPS induced HUVEC apoptosis through Ca2+-XO-ROS-Drp1-mitochondrial fission axis and that melatonin reduced the apoptosis of HUVEC through activation of the AMPK/SERCA2a pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasen Cui
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Zeng Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Shunjiu Zhuang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Shaohong Qi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Junwen Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Wan Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
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29
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Niu B, Li B, Wu C, Wu J, Yan Y, Shang R, Bai C, Li G, Hua J. Melatonin promotes goat spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs) proliferation by stimulating glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) production in Sertoli cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:77532-77542. [PMID: 27769051 PMCID: PMC5363602 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin has been reported to be an important endogenous hormone for regulating neurogenesis, immunityand the biological clock. Recently, the effects of melatonin on neural stem cells (NSCs), mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) have been reported; however, the effects of melatonin on spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs) are not clear. Here, 1μM and 1nM melatonin was added to medium when goat SSCs were cultured in vitro, the results showed that melatonin could increase the formation and size of SSC colonies. Real-time quantitative PCR (QRT-PCR) and western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of SSC proliferation and self-renewal markers were up-regulated. Meanwhile, QRT-PCR results showed that melatonin inhibit the mRNA expression level of SSC differentiation markers. ELISA analysis showed an obvious increase in the concentration of GDNF (a niche factor secreted by Sertoli cells) in the medium when treated with melatonin. Meanwhile, the phosphorylation level of AKT, a downstream of GDNF-GFRa1-RET pathway was activated. In conclusion, melatonin promotes goat SSC proliferation by stimulating GDNF production in Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Research Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Research Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chongyang Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Research Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yuan Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Research Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Shang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Research Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunling Bai
- Key Laboratory for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Guangpeng Li
- Key Laboratory for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Research Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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30
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Li T, Yang Z, Jiang S, Di W, Ma Z, Hu W, Chen F, Reiter RJ, Yang Y. Melatonin: does it have utility in the treatment of haematological neoplasms? Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:3251-3262. [PMID: 28880375 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, discovered in 1958 in the bovine pineal tissue, is an indoleamine that modulates circadian rhythms and has a wide variety of other functions. Haematological neoplasms are the leading cause of death in children and adolescents throughout the world. Research has demonstrated that melatonin is a low-toxicity protective molecule against experimental haematological neoplasms, but the mechanisms remain poorly defined. Here, we provide an introduction to haematological neoplasms and melatonin, especially as they relate to the actions of melatonin on haematological carcinogenesis. Secondly, we summarize what is known about the mechanisms of action of melatonin in the haematological system, including its pro-apoptotic, pro-oxidative, anti-proliferative and immunomodulatory actions. Thirdly, we discuss the advantages of melatonin in combination with other drugs against haematological malignancy, as well as its other benefits on the haematological system. Finally, we summarize the findings that are contrary to the suppressive effects of melatonin on cancers of haematological origin. We hope that this information will be helpful in the design of studies related to the therapeutic efficacy of melatonin in haematological neoplasms. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Recent Developments in Research of Melatonin and its Potential Therapeutic Applications. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.16/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wencheng Di
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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31
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Jiang S, Li T, Yang Z, Yi W, Di S, Sun Y, Wang D, Yang Y. AMPK orchestrates an elaborate cascade protecting tissue from fibrosis and aging. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 38:18-27. [PMID: 28709692 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common process characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation after inflammatory injury, which is also a crucial cause of aging. The process of fibrosis is involved in the pathogenesis of most diseases of the heart, liver, kidney, lung, and other organs/tissues. However, there are no effective therapies for this pathological alteration. Annually, fibrosis represents a huge financial burden for the USA and the world. 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a pivotal energy sensor that alleviates or delays the process of fibrogenesis. In this review, we first present basic background information on AMPK and fibrogenesis and describe the protective roles of AMPK in three fibrogenic phases. Second, we analyze the protective action of AMPK during fibrosis in myocardial, hepatic, renal, pulmonary, and other organs/tissues. Third, we present a comprehensive discussion of AMPK during fibrosis and draw a conclusion. This review highlights recent advances, vital for basic research and clinical drug design, in the regulation of AMPK during fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China; Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shouyin Di
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
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32
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From bench (laboratory) to bed (hospital/home): How to explore effective natural and synthetic PAK1-blockers/longevity-promoters for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:229-243. [PMID: 28814374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PAK family kinases are RAC/CDC42-activated kinases that were first found in a soil amoeba 4 decades ago, and 2 decades later, were discovered in mammals as well. Since then at least 6 members of this family have been identified in mammals. One of them called PAK1 has been best studied so far, mainly because it is essential not only for malignant cell growth and metastasis, but also for many other diseases/disorders such as diabetes (type 2), AD (Alzheimer's disease), hypertension, and a variety of inflammatory or infectious diseases, which definitely shorten our lifespan. Moreover, PAK1-deficient mutant of C. elegans lives longer than the wild-type by 60%, clearly indicating that PAK1 is not only an oncogenic but also ageing kinase. Thus, in theory, both anti-oncogenic and longevity-promoting activities are among the "intrinsic" properties or criteria of "clinically useful" PAK1-blockers. There are a variety of PAK1-blocking natural products such as propolis and curcumin which indeed extend the healthy lifespan of small animals such as C. elegans by inducing the autophagy. Recently, we managed to synthesize a series of potent water-soluble and highly cell-permeable triazolyl esters of COOH-bearing PAK1-blockers such as Ketorolac, ARC (artepillin C) and CA (caffeic acid) via "Click Chemistry" that boosts their anti-cancer activity over 500-fold, mainly by increasing their cell-permeability, and one of them called 15K indeed extends the lifespan of C. elegans. In this mini-review we shall discuss both synthetic and natural PAK1-blockers, some of which would be potentially useful for cancer therapy with least side effect (rather promoting the longevity as well).
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Zhou H, Zhang Y, Hu S, Shi C, Zhu P, Ma Q, Jin Q, Cao F, Tian F, Chen Y. Melatonin protects cardiac microvasculature against ischemia/reperfusion injury via suppression of mitochondrial fission-VDAC1-HK2-mPTP-mitophagy axis. J Pineal Res 2017; 63:e12413. [PMID: 28398674 PMCID: PMC5518188 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The cardiac microvascular system, which is primarily composed of monolayer endothelial cells, is the site of blood supply and nutrient exchange to cardiomyocytes. However, microvascular ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) following percutaneous coronary intervention is a woefully neglected topic, and few strategies are available to reverse such pathologies. Here, we studied the effects of melatonin on microcirculation IRI and elucidated the underlying mechanism. Melatonin markedly reduced infarcted area, improved cardiac function, restored blood flow, and lower microcirculation perfusion defects. Histological analysis showed that cardiac microcirculation endothelial cells (CMEC) in melatonin-treated mice had an unbroken endothelial barrier, increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression, unobstructed lumen, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, and less endothelial damage. In contrast, AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) deficiency abolished the beneficial effects of melatonin on microvasculature. In vitro, IRI activated dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-dependent mitochondrial fission, which subsequently induced voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) oligomerization, hexokinase 2 (HK2) liberation, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, PINK1/Parkin upregulation, and ultimately mitophagy-mediated CMEC death. However, melatonin strengthened CMEC survival via activation of AMPKα, followed by p-Drp1S616 downregulation and p-Drp1S37 upregulation, which blunted Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission. Suppression of mitochondrial fission by melatonin recovered VDAC1-HK2 interaction that prevented mPTP opening and PINK1/Parkin activation, eventually blocking mitophagy-mediated cellular death. In summary, this study confirmed that melatonin protects cardiac microvasculature against IRI. The underlying mechanism may be attributed to the inhibitory effects of melatonin on mitochondrial fission-VDAC1-HK2-mPTP-mitophagy axis via activation of AMPKα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of CardiologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of CardiologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Shunying Hu
- Department of CardiologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Chen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Department of Radiation OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Pingjun Zhu
- Department of CardiologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of CardiologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qinhua Jin
- Department of CardiologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of CardiologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of CardiologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yundai Chen
- Department of CardiologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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Liang Z, Li T, Jiang S, Xu J, Di W, Yang Z, Hu W, Yang Y. AMPK: a novel target for treating hepatic fibrosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62780-62792. [PMID: 28977988 PMCID: PMC5617548 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common process of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation following inflammatory injury. Fibrosis is involved in the pathogenesis of almost all liver diseases for which there is no effective treatment. 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a cellular energy sensor that can ameliorate the process of hepatic fibrogenesis. Given the existing evidence, we first introduce the basic background of AMPK and hepatic fibrosis and the actions of AMPK in hepatic fibrosis. Second, we discuss the three phases of hepatic fibrosis and potential drugs that target AMPK. Third, we analyze possible anti-fibrosis mechanisms and other benefits of AMPK on the liver. Finally, we summarize and briefly explain the current objections to targeting AMPK. This review may aid clinical and basic research on AMPK, which may be a novel drug candidate for hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Liang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Wencheng Di
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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Meng X, Li Y, Li S, Zhou Y, Gan RY, Xu DP, Li HB. Dietary Sources and Bioactivities of Melatonin. Nutrients 2017; 9:E367. [PMID: 28387721 PMCID: PMC5409706 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insomnia is a serious worldwide health threat, affecting nearly one third of the general population. Melatonin has been reported to improve sleep efficiency and it was found that eating melatonin-rich foods could assist sleep. During the last decades, melatonin has been widely identified and qualified in various foods from fungi to animals and plants. Eggs and fish are higher melatonin-containing food groups in animal foods, whereas in plant foods, nuts are with the highest content of melatonin. Some kinds of mushrooms, cereals and germinated legumes or seeds are also good dietary sources of melatonin. It has been proved that the melatonin concentration in human serum could significantly increase after the consumption of melatonin containing food. Furthermore, studies show that melatonin exhibits many bioactivities, such as antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory characteristics, boosting immunity, anticancer activity, cardiovascular protection, anti-diabetic, anti-obese, neuroprotective and anti-aging activity. This review summaries the dietary sources and bioactivities of melatonin, with special attention paid to the mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ya Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Yue Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Dong-Ping Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
- South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Li T, Jiang S, Yang Z, Ma Z, Yi W, Wang D, Yang Y. Targeting the energy guardian AMPK: another avenue for treating cardiomyopathy? Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1413-1429. [PMID: 27815596 PMCID: PMC11107559 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a pivotal regulator of endogenous defensive molecules in various pathological processes. The AMPK signaling regulates a variety of intracellular intermedial molecules involved in biological reactions, including glycogen metabolism, protein synthesis, and cardiac fibrosis, in response to hypertrophic stimuli. Studies have revealed that the activation of AMPK performs a protective role in cardiovascular diseases, whereas its function in cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyopathy remains elusive and poorly understood. In view of the current evidence of AMPK, we introduce the biological information of AMPK and cardiac hypertrophy as well as some upstream activators of AMPK. Next, we discuss two important types of cardiomyopathy involving AMPK, RKAG2 cardiomyopathy, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eventually, therapeutic research, genetic screening, conflicts, obstacles, challenges, and potential directions are also highlighted in this review, aimed at providing a comprehensive understanding of AMPK for readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Yu L, Gong B, Duan W, Fan C, Zhang J, Li Z, Xue X, Xu Y, Meng D, Li B, Zhang M, Bin Zhang, Jin Z, Yu S, Yang Y, Wang H. Melatonin ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in type 1 diabetic rats by preserving mitochondrial function: role of AMPK-PGC-1α-SIRT3 signaling. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41337. [PMID: 28120943 PMCID: PMC5264601 DOI: 10.1038/srep41337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress have emerged as crucial therapeutic strategies to ameliorate diabetic myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Melatonin has been reported to be a safe and potent cardioprotective agent. However, its role on mitochondrial biogenesis or reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in type 1 diabetic myocardium and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We hypothesize that melatonin ameliorates MI/R injury in type 1 diabetic rats by preserving mitochondrial function via AMPK-PGC-1α-SIRT3 signaling pathway. Both our in vivo and in vitro data showed that melatonin reduced MI/R injury by improving cardiac function, enhancing mitochondrial SOD activity, ATP production and oxidative phosphorylation complex (II, III and IV), reducing myocardial apoptosis and mitochondrial MDA, H2O2 generation. Importantly, melatonin also activated AMPK-PGC-1α-SIRT3 signaling and increased SOD2, NRF1 and TFAM expressions. However, these effects were abolished by Compound C (a specific AMPK signaling blocker) administration. Additionally, our cellular experiment showed that SIRT3 siRNA inhibited the cytoprotective effect of melatonin without affecting p-AMPK/AMPK ratio and PGC-1α expression. Taken together, we concluded that melatonin preserves mitochondrial function by reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress and enhancing its biogenesis, thus ameliorating MI/R injury in type 1 diabetic state. AMPK-PGC1α-SIRT3 axis plays an essential role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Bing Gong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Weixun Duan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Chongxi Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xiaodong Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Yinli Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Dandan Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Buying Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhenxiao Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shiqiang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Huishan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Melatonin is a neuroendocrine hormone synthesized primarily by the pineal gland. Numerous studies have suggested that melatonin plays an important role in various cardiovascular diseases. In this article, recent progress regarding melatonin's effects on cardiovascular diseases is reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS In the past year, studies have focused on the mechanism of protection of melatonin on cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial hypoxia-reoxygenation injury, pulmonary hypertension, hypertension, atherosclerosis, valvular heart diseases, and other cardiovascular diseases. SUMMARY Studies have demonstrated that melatonin has significant effects on ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial chronic intermittent hypoxia injury, pulmonary hypertension, hypertension, valvular heart diseases, vascular diseases, and lipid metabolism. As an inexpensive and well tolerated drug, melatonin may be a new therapeutic option for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aaron M. Gusdon
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - Shen Qu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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