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Castellini G, Tarchi L, Cassioli E, Ricca V, Abbate Daga G, Aguglia A, Albert U, Atti A, Barlati S, Blasi G, Carmassi C, Carrà G, De Fazio P, De Panfilis C, Di Lorenzo G, Ferrari S, Goracci A, Gramaglia C, Luciano M, Martinotti G, Menchetti M, Menculini G, Nanni MG, Nivoli A, Pinna F, Pompili M, Rosso G, Sambataro F, Sampogna G, Sani G, Serafini G, Signorelli MS, Tosato S, Ventriglio A, Viganò C, Volpe U, Fiorillo A. The interplay between mentalization, personality traits and burnout in psychiatry training: Results from a large multicenter controlled study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2024; 149:177-194. [PMID: 38167781 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A better characterization of educational processes during psychiatry training is needed, both to foster personal resilience and occupational proficiency. METHODS An adequate coverage of medical residents at the national level was reached (41.86% of the total reference population, 29 out of 36 training centers-80.55%). Controls were recruited among residents in other medical specialties. All participants were assessed by questionnaires to evaluate early life experiences, attachment style, personality traits, coping strategies, emotional competencies. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) framework was employed to investigate the interplay between individual factors. RESULTS A total sample of 936 people was recruited (87.9% response-rate; 645 residents in psychiatry, 291 other medical residents). Psychiatry trainees reported a higher prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect), greater attachment insecurity (anxious or avoidant) in comparison to other medical trainees. Psychiatry residents also reported higher social support-seeking as a coping strategy, lower problem-orientation, and lower transcendence. Lower neuroticism, higher openness to experience, and higher emotional awareness were also observed in psychiatry trainees. Psychiatry training was associated with a redefinition of conflict management skills as a function of seniority. The SEM model provided support for an interplay between early traumatic experiences, mentalization skills (coping strategies, emotion regulation), interpersonal competencies and occupational distress. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study supported a theoretical model based on mentalization theory for the interactions between personal and relational competencies in psychiatry training, thus providing potential target of remodulation and redefinition of this specific process of education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Castellini
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Livio Tarchi
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuele Cassioli
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Valdo Ricca
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Aguglia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health, Psychiatry Section, University of Genoa, IRCCS San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Umberto Albert
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste and Department of Mental Health, Trieste, Italy
| | - Annarita Atti
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Barlati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Blasi
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Carmassi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatric Clinic, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrà
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Fazio
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Chiara De Panfilis
- Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Di Lorenzo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Ferrari
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Arianna Goracci
- Department of Molecular and Developmental medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Carla Gramaglia
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Mario Luciano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Menchetti
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Maria Giulia Nanni
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Nivoli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Federica Pinna
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Rosso
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Gaia Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health, Psychiatry Section, University of Genoa, IRCCS San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Salvina Signorelli
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sarah Tosato
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Caterina Viganò
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Luigi Sacco and Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Umberto Volpe
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences/DIMSC, School of Medicine and Surgery, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Bhugra D, Smith AJ, Ventriglio A, Rao N, Ng R, Javed A, Chisolm MS, Malhi G, Kar A, Chumakov E, Liebrenz M. World Psychiatric Association-Asian Journal of Psychiatry Commission on the Mental Health and Wellbeing of International Medical Graduates. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 93:103943. [PMID: 38342035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.103943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Historically, doctors have migrated for a range of personal, educational, economic, and political reasons. Likewise, medical students from many countries have moved abroad to complete their training and education and may or may not return to their country of origin. Within this context, globalisation has had a major impact on medical education and healthcare workforces, contributing to recent migration trends. Globalisation is a complex phenomenon with positive and negative outcomes. For example, lower-income countries are regularly losing doctors to higher-income areas, thereby exacerbating strains on existing services. Across various national healthcare settings, migrating International Medical Graduates (IMGs) can face socioenvironmental and psychosocial pressures, which can lead to lower mental wellbeing and undermine their contributions to clinical care. Rates of stress and burnout are generally increasing for doctors and medical students. For IMGs, stressors related to migration, acculturation, and adjustment are not dissimilar to other migrants but may carry with them specific nuances. Accordingly, this Commission will explore the history of IMG trends and the challenges faced by IMGs, proposing recommendations and solutions to support their mental health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Bhugra
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, Kings College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - Alexander J Smith
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Nyapati Rao
- Stony Brook University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Roger Ng
- World Psychiatric Association, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Afzal Javed
- World Psychiatric Association, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Gin Malhi
- School of Psychiatry, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anindya Kar
- Advanced Neuropsychiatry Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Egor Chumakov
- Department of Psychiatry & Addiction, St Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Michael Liebrenz
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Halimi SN, Mirzaei A, Rowett D, Whitfield K, Luetsch K. Resilience and empathy in pharmacy interns: Insights from a three-year cohort study. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN CLINICAL AND SOCIAL PHARMACY 2023; 12:100333. [PMID: 37823011 PMCID: PMC10562191 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2023.100333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Resilience and empathy are important attributes for healthcare professionals to navigate challenging work environments and providing patient-centred care. Knowledge about pharmacists' levels of resilience and empathy, particularly during the early stages of their careers, is limited. Objectives To explore pharmacy interns' levels of resilience and empathy using the Connor-Davidson-Resilience-Scale-25 (CD-RISC-25) and the Kiersma-Chen-Empathy-Scale (KCES), examine potential associations with demographic characteristics and ascertain what challenges interns' resilience and which support mechanisms they identify. Methods Hard copies of the surveys were distributed to three cohorts during face-to-face intern pharmacy workshops from 2020 to 2022. Additionally, a qualitative questionnaire explored interns' experiences while completing an accredited internship program during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, open-ended questions were analysed through qualitative and quantitative content analysis. Results Among 134 completed surveys, most respondents were female, aged 18-22, and worked in hospitals. The CD-RISC-25 mean score was 66.6 (SD 11.7) and the KCES mean was 84.3 (SD 9.23) indicative of intermediate levels of resilience and empathy. Resilience and empathy scores did not significantly differ between the three cohorts (p-value > 0.05), and both were not consistently correlated with each other (p-value > 0.05). No significant associations were found between demographic characteristics and resilience scores. However, age and pre-internship employment history showed a statistically significant association with empathy scores (p-value < 0.05), with younger age groups and those who worked part-time during undergraduate studies demonstrating higher levels of empathy. Challenges undermining interns' resilience included the COVID-19 pandemic, internship requirements, and feelings of inadequacy and inexperience. Conclusions This study showed that resilience and empathy scores among interns were at what can be regarded as intermediate levels, largely unaffected by the COVID-19 pandemic or cohort demographics. It highlights professional aspects and strategies which are professionally sustaining and may assist interns in navigating challenges to their resilience and empathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syafiqah Nadiah Halimi
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
- Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25710 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Ardalan Mirzaei
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Debra Rowett
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Karen Whitfield
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Karen Luetsch
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
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Segev E. "A breath of fresh air": mindfulness training for early-career mental health social workers in Israel during COVID-19. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2023; 62:19-40. [PMID: 36606640 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2023.2165597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the effectiveness of participation in a mindfulness group for Israeli early career social workers during the COVID-19 period. Eleven participants conducting fieldwork in a mental health rehabilitation center were interviewed. The participants described a variety of benefits from their mindfulness training, in three main areas: (1) Personal: applying mindfulness in their daily life; (2) Family: improved work-life balance and family relationships; and (3) Professional: applying mindfulness in their work with mental health clients. Mental support and self-care tools provided to early-career social workers were perceived by the participants as helping them overcome uncertainty, fatigue, and overwork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einav Segev
- School of Social Work, Sapir College D.N. Hof Ashkelon, Israel
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Smith L, Cranmer J, Grabbe L. Workplace Culture: The Key to Mitigating Burnout. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2023; 61:2-3. [PMID: 36595305 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20221207-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- LeTizia Smith
- Health Promotion, Populations, and Health Systems Community Member, Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - John Cranmer
- Faculty, Emory School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Linda Grabbe
- Faculty, Emory School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia
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The Italian consensus conference on psychological therapies for anxiety and depressive disorders: findings and recommendations. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2022; 31:e89. [PMID: 36511136 PMCID: PMC9762139 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796022000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A Consensus Conference of clinicians, researchers, public health specialists and users was convened in Italy to review efficacy, effectiveness, treatment appropriateness and access to care for anxiety and depression, and to consider the role of psychological therapies. Expert opinion was sought concerning identification of people requiring psychological therapies according to levels of symptom severity matched to corresponding levels of treatment intensity, suitability of psychological therapies for subclinical anxiety or depression, definition of a minimum level of information on evidence-based psychotherapies to be provided by university medical and psychology courses, initiatives to raise awareness among potential users and decision makers on the role and effectiveness of psychological therapies in healthcare. The expert jury concluded that a number of psychological therapy models endorsed by most authoritative guidelines are supported by research showing their effectiveness at least equal to the drugs used in common mental disorders (CMDs). Such therapies are under-represented in the Italian public health system, leading many people to resort to the private sector, resulting in unacceptable wealth discrimination. The difficulty of accessing psychological treatments often entails the use of drug therapies in cases where they are not indicated. Starting from these assumptions, the experts recommended the promotion of better and timely recognition of anxiety and depressive disorders and their classification in terms of symptom intensity and functional impairment, differentiating subthreshold mood swings from clinical forms, to foster outcome studies of psychotherapies in CMDs in Italy, to introduce a stepped care model structured according to levels of intensity of treatment, based on wellbeing support strategies in nonmedical contexts for subthreshold situations, self-help, support and psychoeducation as frontline interventions in mild clinical forms, evidence-based psychotherapies in moderate and severe forms, with the option of combining psychological treatment and appropriate drug therapy in the most severe cases.
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Trombello JM, David NS, Robbins MA, Ruchinskas RA. Burnout During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Descriptive and Predictive Data from a Survey of Psychologists at a Single Academic Medical Center. ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY : THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF DIRECTORS OF PSYCHIATRIC RESIDENCY TRAINING AND THE ASSOCIATION FOR ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY 2022; 46:718-722. [PMID: 34845707 PMCID: PMC8628836 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-021-01562-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Burnout in academic medicine has been widely studied, but most work has been conducted among physicians. Psychologists in academic medicine have unique burnout factors. Therefore, investigating the prevalence and predictors of burnout among psychologists in academic medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic represents an important addition to the literature. METHODS Sixty-two psychologists responded to burnout-related items in a larger, 40-item Psychiatry Department climate survey conducted from October to November 2020. Five items from the MINI-Z survey were administered to examine control over workload and sufficiency of documentation time as predictors of both continuous and dichotomously defined burnout. Linear and logistic regression was employed with years as a faculty member entered as a covariate. RESULTS Slightly less than half (48.4%) of respondents met dichotomous criteria for burnout. Faculty with fewer years of experience scored higher on their level of continuous burnout. Both control over workload and sufficiency of time for documentation were independent predictors of continuous burnout, but only control over workload remained a statistically significant predictor in a simultaneous model. Control over workload was a significant predictor in dichotomous models but did not remain so once sufficiency of documentation time was also added. CONCLUSION Burnout prevalence among psychologists was comparable to rates among physicians at other institutions, even when examined during the COVID-19 pandemic. Academic medicine administrators and organizational leaders should consider policies and programming to increase control over workload, especially among junior psychologist faculty.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia S David
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mona A Robbins
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Lee H, Jang SJ. Social jetlag and depression in female rotating-shift nurses: A secondary analysis. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:2246-2254. [PMID: 35146748 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify the predictors of depression among female rotating-shift nurses. DESIGN AND METHODS This secondary data analysis used data of 190 Korean female rotating-shift nurses from the parent study conducted in 2018. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the predictors of depression. FINDINGS Young age, poor sleep quality, and greater morning-shift social jetlag predicted depression among female nurses working a three-shift schedule. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nursing management should consider scheduling shifts to minimize nurses' social jetlag and develop interventions for improving sleep quality to prevent depression among female rotating-shift nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeyoung Lee
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Joo Jang
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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Crego A, Yela JR, Riesco-Matías P, Gómez-Martínez MÁ, Vicente-Arruebarrena A. The Benefits of Self-Compassion in Mental Health Professionals: A Systematic Review of Empirical Research. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:2599-2620. [PMID: 36133626 PMCID: PMC9482966 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s359382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of cultivating self-compassion is an often neglected issue among mental health professionals despite the risks to occupational well-being present in psychological care, such as burnout or compassion fatigue. In this context, this literature review has a twofold aim. Firstly, to contribute to raising awareness of the benefits of self-compassion among professionals, based on empirical research findings. Secondly, to coherently organize the available evidence on this topic, which to date appears scattered in a variety of articles. A systematic search on the APA PsycInfo database was conducted, and 24 empirical studies focused on the topic of the benefits of self-compassion in mental health professionals were finally selected. Concerning their methods, only 4 of the selected studies used experimental or quasi-experimental designs, 14 were cross-sectional studies, 3 presented qualitative research, and 3 were literature reviews. The research, regardless of methods used, points mainly to the benefits of self-compassion on the therapists’ mental health and well-being; prevention of occupational stress, burnout, compassion fatigue, and secondary traumatization as well as improvement of therapeutic competencies and professional efficacy-related aspects. In the review, self-compassion appeared as a process that could explain the benefits (eg on burnout) of cultivating other skills (eg mindfulness). To further explore this point, an additional review included 17 studies focused on the effects of mindfulness or compassion-based interventions on therapists’ self-compassion. In conclusion, our work joins those who have recommended the inclusion of self-compassion trainings in the curricula of mental health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Crego
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Ramón Yela
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo Riesco-Matías
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María-Ángeles Gómez-Martínez
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Clinical and Health Psychology Service, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Aitor Vicente-Arruebarrena
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Clinical and Health Psychology Service, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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Bykov KV, Zrazhevskaya IA, Topka EO, Peshkin VN, Dobrovolsky AP, Isaev RN, Orlov AM. Prevalence of burnout among psychiatrists: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2022; 308:47-64. [PMID: 35398112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout is a consequence of chronic occupational stress exposure. Psychiatrists are prone to burnout due to specific work-related factors. This study examined the burnout prevalence among psychiatrists. METHODS The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020204615). We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and OpenGrey for relevant publications. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed. We used subgroup analysis and meta-regression to reveal any association of geographical region, survey year, participants' age, gender, and response rate with burnout. RESULTS Thirty-six studies involving 5481 participants were included. The prevalence of overall burnout was 25.9% [11.1%-40.7%] as measured by a Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and 50.3% [30.9%-69.8%] as measured by a Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). The pooled prevalence was 43.5% [27.9%-59%] for high emotional exhaustion (EE), 28.2% [17.5%-38.9%] for high depersonalization (DP), and 32.4% [3.4%-61.3%] for low personal accomplishment (PA). The mean scores of 22-item MBI subscales were 21.51 [18.64%-24.38%] for EE, 6.57 [5.53%-7.62%] for DP, and 31.83 [25.73%-37.94%] for PA. European psychiatrists revealed (p = 0.045) lower EE score (20.82; 95% CI 7.24-24.41) measured by 22-item MBI compared to their non-European colleagues (24.99; 95% CI 23.05-26.94). Other results include mean scores for 16-item MBI-General Survey, burnout rates, and scores in CBI subscales. LIMITATIONS The main limitation was high heterogeneity in terms of statistics, screening methods, burnout definitions, and cut-off points utilized in included studies. CONCLUSIONS Burnout is highly prevalent among psychiatrists. Future research should focus on finding consensus on burnout screening, longitudinal evaluation of psychiatrists' burnout predictors, and development of effective intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Bykov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Inna A Zrazhevskaya
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elvira O Topka
- Mental Hospital №13, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valery N Peshkin
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
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Roškar S, Kralj D, Andriessen K, Krysinska K, Vinko M, Podlesek A. Anticipated Self and Public Stigma in Suicide Prevention Professionals. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:931245. [PMID: 35836667 PMCID: PMC9273872 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.931245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stigma about mental illness-both public and self-is one of the most important factors hindering help-seeking. Stigma can occur during an acute episode of mental illness or be anticipatory. One group affected by stigma, but often neglected, is mental health professionals. This study examined the anticipated form of mental-illness and help-seeking self-stigma and the anticipated form of public stigma of suicidal behavior among members of the International Association for Suicide Prevention. We hypothesized that suicidologists with a history of suicidality or mental illness would anticipate greater stigma from the public and self. Methods The study received ethical approval from the Commission for Medical Ethics of the Republic of Slovenia. Data from 83 participants who completed an online survey (February to May 2020) with informed consent were analyzed using path analysis. We tested a model predicting help-seeking self-stigma based on (i) personal experience of mental illness using anticipated self-stigma of mental illness as a mediating variable and (ii) history of suicidal behavior using anticipated public stigma of suicidal behavior as a mediating variable. Results Personal experience of mental illness predicted anticipation of self-stigma of mental illness (β = 0.26). History of suicidality predicted anticipation of public stigma of suicidal behavior (β = 0.29). Anticipated self-stigma of mental illness proved to be a stronger predictor of help-seeking self-stigma (β = 0.40) than anticipated public stigma of suicidal behavior (β = 0.07). Conclusions It is important to intentionally support the mental health of suicide prevention professionals, as they are not immune to mental illness or various types of stigma. Because our sample was small and diverse, further research to better understand stigma concepts in this population is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saška Roškar
- Department for Health Research and Development, National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Domen Kralj
- Department for Health Research and Development, National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Karl Andriessen
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karolina Krysinska
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matej Vinko
- Department for Health Research and Development, National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Podlesek
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Alqarni T, Alghamdi A, Alzahrani A, Abumelha K, Alqurashi Z, Alsaleh A. Prevalence of stress, burnout, and job satisfaction among mental healthcare professionals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267578. [PMID: 35476815 PMCID: PMC9045659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the levels of stress, burnout, and job satisfaction among mental healthcare professionals in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on mental healthcare professionals in Jeddah between January 2017 and October 2018. Sociodemographic characteristics and levels of stress, burnout, and job satisfaction were assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS). Descriptive statistics were used. Independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were conducted to assess for effects of demographic variables on the perceived stress score, emotional exhaustion (EE) score, depersonalization (DP) score, professional accomplishment (PA) score, and the job satisfaction score (JSS). Results A total of 107 participants were included (50.5% men; 49.5% women) with response rate of 79.2%. Prevalence of stress was 56.1%. High levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were present among 41 (38.3%) and 26 (24.3%) of the respondents, respectively, while high score of low personal accomplishment were present among 61 (57%) respondents. In terms of job satisfaction, 25 (23.4%) were satisfied and 74 (69.2%) were indecisive. Male participants’ emotional exhaustion score (27±12) was significantly higher than females (22 ±10), (t(105) = 1.99, p-value = 0.049). Also, participants with a monthly income above SR 20,000 had significantly higher total job satisfaction (p-value = 0.041). Conclusions Our findings suggest rates of stress and burnout among mental health professionals that warrant attention, with less than one-quarter of the participants being satisfied with their jobs. Further studies are needed to expand the findings and to explore the contributing factors. Additionally, interventions should be established by authorities to address the increasing rates of stress and burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turki Alqarni
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alghamdi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Psychiatry Section, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Alhussain Alzahrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Abumelha
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid Alqurashi
- Department of Psychiatry, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defence, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alsaleh
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Psychiatry Section, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Aruta JJBR, Maria A, Mascarenhas J. Self-compassion promotes mental help-seeking in older, not in younger, counselors. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-11. [PMID: 35400980 PMCID: PMC8976458 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
While self-compassion and mental help-seeking are two important aspects emphasized in mental health literature and counseling practice, very little research has focused on how these two are associated particularly among counseling professionals-individuals providing mental health support to others but whose mental health are often overlooked. This cross-sectional study investigated a moderated mediation model examining the role of age and attitudes in the positive influence of self-compassion on mental help-seeking intention. Using a paper-and-pencil survey, data were collected from a total of 158 Filipino counseling professionals. Results revealed that mental help-seeking attitudes significantly and partially mediated the positive association between self-compassion and mental help-seeking intention. Additionally, age significantly moderated the positive relationship between self-compassion and mental help-seeking attitudes. The significant positive influence of self-compassion on mental help-seeking attitudes was strong among older participants, weak among middle-age, and diminished among younger participants. The findings provided insights on the importance of a self-compassion-based approach to counselor training. The implications of preserving counselors' mental health in counseling practice were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta
- Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, 1004 Manila, Philippines
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Alphonse Maria
- Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, 1004 Manila, Philippines
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14
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Voon SP, Lau PL, Leong KE, Jaafar JLS. Self-Compassion and Psychological Well-Being Among Malaysian Counselors: The Mediating Role of Resilience. THE ASIA-PACIFIC EDUCATION RESEARCHER 2022. [PMCID: PMC8136108 DOI: 10.1007/s40299-021-00590-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the associations between self-compassion, resilience, and psychological well-being among 408 counselors in Malaysia. Data were collected by using a web-based survey. PLS-SEM analyses revealed that self-compassion was positively related to counselors’ resilience and psychological well-being, whereas resilience was positively related to counselors’ psychological well-being. Results also showed that resilience significantly mediated the associations between self-compassion and psychological well-being among counselors. The hypothesized model explained the substantial influences of self-compassion and resilience on counselors’ psychological well-being. This study highlighted the two important human factors, i.e., self-compassion and resilience, with implications for integrating these two influential constructs in the development of counselors’ psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siok Ping Voon
- Psychology Programme, Faculty of Cognitive Science and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak Malaysia
| | - Poh Li Lau
- Department of Educational Psychology & Counselling, Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Jln Profesor Diraja Ungku Aziz, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Kwan Eu Leong
- Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Jln Profesor Diraja Ungku Aziz, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Jas Laile Suzana Jaafar
- Department of Educational Psychology & Counselling, Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Jln Profesor Diraja Ungku Aziz, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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15
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Tate MC, Roy A, Pinchinat M, Lund E, Fox JB, Cottrill S, Vaccaro A, Stein LAR. Impact of Being a Peer Recovery Specialist on Work and Personal Life: Implications for Training and Supervision. Community Ment Health J 2022; 58:193-204. [PMID: 33677802 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-021-00811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Peer recovery specialists are an important resource in community mental health settings. This study, which was part of a larger statewide assessment, evaluates how the role impacts work and personal lives of peers, with implications for improving the training and supervision of this service. The importance of peer work has been investigated through client outcomes, however less work has investigated outcomes on peers themselves, which impacts the work force and service delivery. Nine focus groups were conducted with peer recovery specialists. A two-stage qualitative analysis led to two overarching themes, work and personal, and six subthemes. Findings suggest being a peer presents unique benefits and challenges in work and personal life. Peers benefit from more training and supervision, consistency within the role, and maintaining boundaries. Additionally, work environment roles may be improved by attention to needs of supervisors in terms of skills for effective supervision and clarification of supervisory roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie C Tate
- University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Rd, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.
| | - Amanda Roy
- University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Rd, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Meinca Pinchinat
- University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Rd, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Emma Lund
- University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Rd, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Judith B Fox
- Department of Behavioral Health, Developmental Disabilities, and Hospitals, 41 West Rd, Cranston, RI, 02920, USA
| | - Sara Cottrill
- University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Rd, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Annemarie Vaccaro
- University of Rhode Island, 6 Rhody Ram Way, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - L A R Stein
- University of Rhode Island, 130 Flagg Rd, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.,Department of Behavioral Health, Developmental Disabilities, and Hospitals, 41 West Rd, Cranston, RI, 02920, USA.,Center for Alcohol & Addiction Studies, and Dept. of Behavioral & Social Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, 121 South Main St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.,Rhode Island Training School, 57 Power Rd, Cranston, RI, 02920, USA
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16
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McLean SA, McIntosh JE. The mental and physical health of family mental health practitioners during COVID-19: relationships with family violence and workplace practices. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1934118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siân A. McLean
- The Bouverie Centre, School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jennifer E. McIntosh
- The Bouverie Centre, School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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17
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Pandemics and burnout in mental health professionals. INDUSTRIAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-PERSPECTIVES ON SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/iop.2021.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Sampogna G, Lovisi GM, Zinno F, Del Vecchio V, Luciano M, Gonçalves Loureiro Sol É, Unger RJG, Ventriglio A, Fiorillo A. Mental Health Disturbances and Related Problems in Italian University Medical Students from 2000 to 2020: An Integrative Review of Qualitative and Quantitative Studies. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2020; 57:medicina57010011. [PMID: 33374475 PMCID: PMC7823352 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The presence of mental health problems in the population of medical students in Italy has been evaluated in several cross-sectional studies, which have used different methodologies and study designs. However, a global overview of the prevalence of mental health problems in Italian medical students is not available, although this would be essential for promoting preventive strategies and supportive treatments. Materials and Methods: An integrative review aiming to describe the prevalence of mental health problems in Italian medical students has been performed. Results: The most relevant findings are the high prevalence of substance use, in particular alcohol and nicotine, and of depressive and anxiety disorders in Italian medical students. In particular, substance use ranges from 13 to 86%, which is higher compared to Italian students coming from other faculties. Italian medical students show a high rate of smoking and of depressive symptoms of about 20%. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the need to develop appropriate supportive interventions for the medical student population, which are rarely provided and implemented among the routine activities of Italian medical universities. A relevant aspect to be considered is the stigma and anticipated discrimination attached to mental disorders, which reduce the help-seeking process in medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (V.D.V.); (M.L.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-566-6531
| | - Giovanni Marcos Lovisi
- Institute of Studies in Collective Health—Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; (G.M.L.); (É.G.L.S.); (R.J.G.U.)
| | - Francesca Zinno
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (V.D.V.); (M.L.); (A.F.)
| | - Valeria Del Vecchio
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (V.D.V.); (M.L.); (A.F.)
| | - Mario Luciano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (V.D.V.); (M.L.); (A.F.)
| | - Érika Gonçalves Loureiro Sol
- Institute of Studies in Collective Health—Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; (G.M.L.); (É.G.L.S.); (R.J.G.U.)
| | - Roberto José Gervásio Unger
- Institute of Studies in Collective Health—Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; (G.M.L.); (É.G.L.S.); (R.J.G.U.)
| | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (V.D.V.); (M.L.); (A.F.)
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19
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Kolar C, Von treuer K, Koh C. Resilience in Early‐Career Psychologists: Investigating Challenges, Strategies, Facilitators, and the Training Pathway. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carly Koh
- School of Psychology, Deakin University
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20
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Yela JR, Gómez‐martínez MÁ, Crego A, Jiménez L. Effects of the Mindful Self‐Compassion programme on clinical and health psychology trainees' well‐being: A pilot study. CLIN PSYCHOL-UK 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/cp.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Ramón Yela
- Department of Psychology, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain,
| | | | - Antonio Crego
- Department of Psychology, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain,
| | - Laura Jiménez
- Health Psychology Service, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain,
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21
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Gabet M, Grenier G, Cao Z, Fleury MJ. Implementation of three innovative interventions in a psychiatric emergency department aimed at improving service use: a mixed-method study. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:854. [PMID: 32917199 PMCID: PMC7488576 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05708-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emergency department (ED) use is often viewed as an indicator of health system quality. ED use for mental health (MH) reasons is increasing and costly for health systems, patients, and their families. Patients with mental disorders (MD) including substance use disorders (SUD) and suicidal behaviors are high ED users. Improving ED services for these patients and their families, and developing alternatives to ED use are thus key issues. This study aimed to: (1) describe the implementation of three innovative interventions provided by a brief intervention team, crisis center team, and family-peer support team in a Quebec psychiatric ED, including the identification of implementation barriers, and (2) evaluate the impacts of these ED innovations on MH service use and response to needs. Method Using mixed methods with data triangulation, the implementation and impact of the three above-named ED interventions were studied. Quantitative data were collected from 101 participants (81 patients, 20 family members) using a user questionnaire and patient medical records. Qualitative data were gathered from focus groups (n = 3) with key intervention staff members (n = 14). The user questionnaire also included open-ended questions. Descriptive, comparative and content analyses were produced. Results Key implementation issues were identified in relation to system, organizational and patient profiles, similar to results identified in most studies in the ED implementation literature aimed at improving responsiveness to patients with MD. Results were encouraging, as the innovations had a significant impact for improved patient MH service use and adequacy of care. Services also seemed adapted to patient profiles. Family members were grateful for the help received in the ED. Conclusions Before implementing innovations, managers need to recognize the basic issues common to all new healthcare interventions: the need for staff training and strong involvement, particularly among physicians, development of collaborative tools especially in cases of potential cultural clash between staff and organizations, and continuous quality assessment. Future research needs to confirm the pertinence of these interventions, especially use of family-peer support teams in ED, as a highly innovative intervention. Broader ED strategies could also be deployed to improve MH services and decrease ED use for MH reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Gabet
- Management, Evaluation and Health Policies Department, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, 7101 av. du Parc, Montreal, QC, H3X1X9, Canada.,Research Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Guy Grenier
- Research Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Zhirong Cao
- Research Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Fleury
- Management, Evaluation and Health Policies Department, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, 7101 av. du Parc, Montreal, QC, H3X1X9, Canada. .,Research Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 1033, Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.
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22
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Seo HY, Lee DW, Nam S, Cho SJ, Yoon JY, Hong YC, Lee N. Burnout as a Mediator in the Relationship between Work-Life Balance and Empathy in Healthcare Professionals. Psychiatry Investig 2020; 17:951-959. [PMID: 32933235 PMCID: PMC7538247 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2020.0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study aimed to 1) explore the relationships among work-life balance (WLB), burnout, and empathy and 2) investigate the roles of the subtypes of burnout relating to WLB and empathy. METHODS A total of 105 health care professionals from a general hospital in Seoul were assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy, and a one-sentence-question on subjective WLB. Multiple questions on psychiatric problems, including sleep problems, anxiety, depressive symptom, and alcohol problems, were also included. RESULTS In the mediation analyses, personal achievement was considered as a potential mediating variable between WLB and empathy. The direct effect (β=3.93, 95% CI: 1.21-6.64) and the indirect effect (β=1.95, 95% CI: 0.52-3.76) of WLB on empathy were also significant. CONCLUSION Interventions encouraging personal achievement may help mitigate burnout of health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwo-Yeon Seo
- Public Health Medical Service, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Nam
- Human Rights Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Yeon Yoon
- Yeongeon Student Support Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nami Lee
- Human Rights Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Park MSA, Goto N, Kennedy A, Raj S, Dutson A, Park L, Sovet L. Positive orientation, job satisfaction and psychological well-being of mental health practitioners in Malaysia. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2020; 26:1219-1229. [PMID: 32755397 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2020.1804599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mental health practitioners in many developing countries are faced with high job demands and a lack of institutional support. Given their high levels of work-related stress, it is important to identify mechanisms that help them to maintain psychological well-being and job satisfaction. Recent research has focused on the role that positive orientation (POS) may play in mediating the negative impact of stress on individual well-being. The present study investigated whether POS predicts mental health practitioners' perceived levels of stress, mental health and job satisfaction. If POS measures a person's tendency to take a positive attitude to life and their ability to cope with difficulties, a high POS could be linked to reduced levels of stress and increased levels of job satisfaction and well-being. This study examined associations between self-reported POS and psychological outcomes in a sample of 100 Malaysian mental health practitioners. The results showed that POS significantly predicted job satisfaction positively and mental health issues and perceived stress negatively, even when socio-demographic variables were controlled. Overall, we found a strong effect of POS on individual functioning across the sample of mental health practitioners. Our results have implications for improving practitioner wellbeing and job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sang-Ah Park
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.,Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Malaysia
| | - Nobuhiko Goto
- Department of Psychology, Kyoto Notre Dame University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Sanjana Raj
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Malaysia
| | - Alexander Dutson
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Lauren Park
- School of Social and Health Sciences, Leeds Trinity University, Leeds, UK
| | - Laurent Sovet
- Institute of Psychology, Université Paris Descartes, France
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24
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Gardner JS, Plaven BE, Yellowlees P, Shore JH. Remote Telepsychiatry Workforce: a Solution to Psychiatry's Workforce Issues. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2020; 22:8. [PMID: 31989417 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-020-1128-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how a remote workforce may increase access to care while reducing physician burnout. We review workforce issues and organizational and individual obstacles for implementing a telepsychiatry workforce including administrative, logistical, and clinical considerations and offer resources for how to overcome barriers that may arise in implementing a remote workforce. RECENT FINDINGS There is an increasingly unmet demand for mental health services and a shortage in psychiatrists. Burnout may be a key factor contributing to psychiatrists working less, pursuing less acute cases, and leading to worsened outcomes for patients and the psychiatrists themselves. Telepsychiatry provides comparable patient and provider satisfaction and equal outcomes when compared with face-to-face encounters. We provided 3 case examples to demonstrate psychiatrists demonstrating successful delivery of care in a range of clinic settings and workplace configurations while optimizing their quality of life and reducing their risk of burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brittany E Plaven
- Walden University, Minneapolis, USA.,Department of Health Professions, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, USA
| | | | - Jay H Shore
- AccessCare, 11100 E. Bethany Dr., Aurora, CO, 80014, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Helen and Arthur E. Johnson Depression Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
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25
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Chang S, Picco L, Abdin E, Yuan Q, Chong SA, Subramaniam M. Resilience and associative stigma among mental health professionals in a tertiary psychiatric hospital: a cross-sectional study in Singapore. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e033762. [PMID: 31888942 PMCID: PMC6937006 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mental health profession exposes healthcare workers to unique stressors such as associative stigma (stigmatisation that is extended from the stigmatised patients to psychiatric professionals and is based on affiliation with an individual with mental illness). Enhancing resilience, or the ability to 'bounce back' from adversity, is found to be useful in reducing occupational stress and its negative effects. In view of the high burnout rates reported among mental health professionals, this study aimed to examine resilience in this group of professionals and to explore the association between resilience and associative stigma. DESIGN Observational study-cross-sectional design. SETTING Tertiary psychiatry hospital in Singapore. PARTICIPANTS The study was conducted among 470 mental health professionals (doctors, nurses and allied health professionals) working in the hospital. MEASURES Resilience was assessed using the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and participants completed questionnaires that examined associative stigma. Participants provided their sociodemographic information, length of service, and information on whether they knew of a close friend or family member who had a mental illness. RESULTS Mean resilience score for the overall sample was 3.59 (SD=0.64). Older age (β=0.012, 95% CI 0.004 to 0.019, p=0.003) and having known a family member or close friend with a mental illness (β=0.155, 95% CI 0.019 to 0.290, p=0.025) predicted higher BRS score. Associative stigma remained significantly associated with resilience score after controlling for sociodemographic factors whereby higher associative stigma predicted lower resilience scores. CONCLUSION The present finding suggests that resilience building programmes among mental health workers should target those of the younger age group, and that addressing the issue of associative stigma is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherilyn Chang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Louisa Picco
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Edimansyah Abdin
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qi Yuan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siow Ann Chong
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
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26
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Volpe U, Ventriglio A, Bellomo A, Kadhum M, Lewis T, Molodynski A, Sampogna G, Fiorillo A. Mental health and wellbeing among Italian medical students: a descriptive study. Int Rev Psychiatry 2019; 31:569-573. [PMID: 31469033 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2019.1654718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Medical students (MSs) are an important part of the workforce for delivery of tomorrow's healthcare. Their ever changing knowledge base and long periods of training may significantly affect their mental health and wellbeing over the years. Following a global call for participation, it was decided to include Italian medical schools based in the Universities of Ancona and Foggia between January and April 2019. Students were invited to participate in an online survey. A total of 360 completed responses were received and analysed. Of these, 8.6% of samples reported mental health issues whilst at medical school, ranking as follows: Anxiety Disorders > Major Depression > Eating Disorders > ADHD > Burnout Syndrome; 7.2% of them had been treated with psychotropic medications whereas 7.8% were self-medicating; 8.9% reported problems related to alcohol-drinking, and 22.8% admitted using illicit drugs (mostly cannabis and cocaine). The levels of burnout syndrome were quite low. It is important to ensure that the future workforce are looked after and, as the students are in the vulnerable age group, they should have access to early and prompt help-seeking and early interventions if needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Volpe
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences/DIMSC, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonello Bellomo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Murtaza Kadhum
- Oxford University Clinical Academic Graduate School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Lewis
- General Adult Psychiatry, Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland, UK
| | - Andrew Molodynski
- Department of Psychiatry, Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Gaia Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Alenezi A, McAndrew S, Fallon P. Burning out physical and emotional fatigue: Evaluating the effects of a programme aimed at reducing burnout among mental health nurses. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2019; 28:1045-1055. [PMID: 31231965 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Burnout is a common problem among mental health nurses. High levels of burnout result in job dissatisfaction, rapid turnover of staff, physical and psychological discomfort, and a reduction in the quality of patient care. While there is an abundance of research relating to burnout per se, research regarding the impact of burnout prevention programmes is lacking. This study aimed to measure the effects of a burnout prevention programme on mental health nurses working in Saudi Arabia (SA). A quasi-experimental design was used to test the effectiveness of a two-day burnout prevention workshop. The sample consisted of an intervention group (n = 154) and a control group (n = 142). Data collected using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) measured the effects of the workshop at 1-, 3-, and 6-month intervals after completion of the programme. Data were analysed using the latest version of SPSS. Means, standard deviations, frequencies, and percentages were used to describe the sample and levels of burnout. A t-test, ANOVA, multiple linear regression, and chi-squared were used to measure the effect of the workshop before and at the three time points after exposure. Findings indicate the programme was effective with a significant reduction being reported 1 month after the intervention. However, although not returning to baseline scores, burnout scores had increased at 6 months. In conclusion, while the overall efficacy of the burnout reduction programme is evident, mental health nurses would benefit from having opportunity to use some of the strategies on a regular basis.
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Relationship between Burnout and Mental-Illness-Related Stigma among Nonprofessional Occupational Mental Health Staff. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5921703. [PMID: 31662983 PMCID: PMC6778926 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5921703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Stigma related to mental illness can be an obstacle affecting the quality of life of people with mental illness. Although mental illness in the workplace is a public problem globally, few studies have investigated the effect of stigma on job-related problems such as burnout. Aim This study aimed to clarify the association between mental-illness-related stigma and burnout among nonprofessional occupational mental health staff. Methods In this cross-sectional study, nonprofessional occupational mental health staff's perceived mental-illness-related stigma was assessed using Link's Devaluation-Discrimination Scale, and their burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The association between stigma and burnout was analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results In total, 282 participants completed the questionnaire (response rate: 91.3%). We excluded 54 nurses from the analysis to examine strictly nonprofessional occupational mental health staff. Finally, 228 eligible respondents were surveyed. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that mental-illness-related stigma was significantly associated with a high degree of depersonalization, which was one of the burnout dimensions. However, the impact of stigma over the depersonalization domain of burnout was minor. Conclusion The results suggest that higher perceived mental-illness-related stigma is associated with more severe burnout. It is important to take measures against mental-illness-related stigma to avoid burnout among occupational mental health staff.
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Ledingham M, Standen P, Skinner C, Busch R. “I should have known”. The perceptual barriers faced by mental health practitioners in recognising and responding to their own burnout symptoms. ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF COUNSELLING AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/21507686.2019.1634600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.D. Ledingham
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Australia
| | - P. Standen
- School of Business and Law, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - C. Skinner
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Australia
| | - R. Busch
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Australia
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Alcaraz-Mor R, Vigouroux A, Urcun A, Boyer L, Villa A, Lehucher-Michel MP. [Qualitative study on young hospital physicians: They remain satisfied…]. SANTE PUBLIQUE 2019; Vol. 31:113-123. [PMID: 31210507 DOI: 10.3917/spub.191.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prevalence of depression, suicidal ideation and burnout are higher among physicians than in general population. Young physicians seem more concerned and the beginning of career seems to be a period of greater risks for hospital practitioners. While this may be the case, in France, few studies have specifically evaluated the quality of the working conditions of this population. The objective of this study is to identify stress factors related to the organization of work and to social relationships at work, as they are perceived by the young hospital physicians. METHODS A qualitative study through semi-structured interviews was conducted with hospital practitioners with less than 10 years of practice. Manual analysis of the interviews was carried out by three interviewers and supplemented by a computerized lexical analysis. RESULTS Eighteen physicians were interviewed. Five categories of psychosocial and organizational factors have been identified. Teamwork and communication are generally associated with positive feelings. The pace of work, professional status, organizational factors and material conditions are considered unsatisfactory. Young physicians, however, are satisfied with the content of their work, particularly because of scientific emulation and skills development. CONCLUSION The results of this study should help to better target prevention actions in order to improve the working conditions of young doctors. It seems a priority to reduce their workload or to regulate their working time, to offer greater stability to their work and to provide them with better material work conditions.
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Endriulaitienė A, Žardeckaitė-Matulaitienė K, Pranckevičienė A, Markšaitytė R, Tillman DR, Hof DD. Self-Stigma of seeking help and job burnout in mental health care providers: the comparative study of Lithuanian and the USA samples. JOURNAL OF WORKPLACE BEHAVIORAL HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15555240.2019.1586549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aistė Pranckevičienė
- Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | | | - David D. Hof
- University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, Nebraska, USA
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Braun SE, Kinser PA, Rybarczyk B. Can mindfulness in health care professionals improve patient care? An integrative review and proposed model. Transl Behav Med 2019; 9:187-201. [PMID: 29945218 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/iby059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness in health care professionals (HCPs) is often discussed as a tool for improving patient care outcomes, yet there has not been a critical evaluation of the evidence, despite a growing body of research on mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs). Numerous mechanisms exist by which mindfulness in HCPs may have an effect on patient care, and the field lacks an integrated model to guide future investigations into how MBIs may exert effects. The primary goals of this integrative review are to evaluate the evidence for the impact of MBIs in HCPs on patient care outcomes and to propose a causal model to guide future research. Databases were systematically searched for eligible studies investigating either an MBI or a measure of dispositional mindfulness in HCPs on patient care outcomes. Studies were critically evaluated using a previously developed tool. Twenty-six studies were identified (N = 1,277), which provide strong support for effects of mindfulness on HCP-reported patient care. Moderate support was found for patient safety, patient treatment outcomes, and patient-centered care. There was overall weak evidence to support a relationship between HCP-mindfulness on patient satisfaction. Mindfulness in HCPs may be related to several aspects of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ellen Braun
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Patricia Anne Kinser
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Bruce Rybarczyk
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Ndibu Muntu Keba Kebe N, Chiocchio F, Bamvita JM, Fleury MJ. Profiling mental health professionals in relation to perceived interprofessional collaboration on teams. SAGE Open Med 2019; 7:2050312119841467. [PMID: 30956791 PMCID: PMC6444404 DOI: 10.1177/2050312119841467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims at identifying profiles of mental health professionals based on individual, interactional, structural and professional role characteristics related to interprofessional collaboration. METHODS Mental health professionals (N = 315) working in primary health care and specialized mental health teams in four Quebec local service networks completed a self-administered questionnaire eliciting information on individual, interactional, structural and professional role characteristics. RESULTS Cluster analysis identified four profiles of mental health professionals. Those with the highest interprofessional collaboration scores comprised two profiles labeled "highly collaborative female professionals with fewer conflicts and more knowledge sharing and integration" and "highly collaborative male professionals with fewer conflicts, more participation in decision-making and mutual trust." By contrast, the profile labeled "slightly collaborative professionals with high seniority, many conflicts and less knowledge integration and mutual trust" had the lowest interprofessional collaboration score. Another profile positioned between these groups was identified as "moderately collaborative female psychosocial professionals with less participation in decision-making." DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Organizational support, participation in decision-making, knowledge sharing, knowledge integration, mutual trust, affective commitment toward the team, professional diversity and belief in the benefits of interdisciplinary collaboration were features associated with profiles where perceived interprofessional collaboration was higher. These team qualities should be strongly encouraged by mental health managers for improving interprofessional collaboration. Training is also needed to promote improvement in interprofessional collaboration competencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Ndibu Muntu Keba Kebe
- Department of Management, Evaluation and Health Policy, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Jean-Marie Bamvita
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Fleury
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Abstract
Aims and methodThe concept of personal resilience is relevant to physician well-being, recruitment and retention, and to delivering compassionate patient care. This systematic review aims to explore factors affecting personal resilience among psychiatrists, in particular, those that may impair well-being and those that facilitate resilience practice. A literature search was performed of the Ovid®, Embase®, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases, using keywords to identify empirical studies involving psychiatrists that examined resilience, stress and burnout from the past 15 years. RESULTS: Thirty-three international English language studies were included, showing that a combination of workplace, personal and non-workplace factors negatively and positively influenced well-being and resilience.Clinical implicationsGiven that workplace factors were the most commonly cited, it would appear that any resilience package that predominantly targets interventions at the workplace level would be particularly fruitful. Future research, however, needs to address the absence of a universal measurement of well-being and its moderators so that any potential interventions are better evaluated.Declaration of interestNone.
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Fleury MJ, Grenier G, Bamvita JM, Farand L. Variables associated with job satisfaction among mental health professionals. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205963. [PMID: 30335834 PMCID: PMC6193708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent mental health (MH) reforms have had a sharp impact on practices among MH professionals. A deeper understanding of factors contributing to their job satisfaction, in this context, may help improve quality and continuity of care. The purpose of this study was to identify variables associated with job satisfaction for 315 MH professionals in Quebec (Canada) after implementation of wide-ranging MH reforms. Job satisfaction was measured with the Job Satisfaction Survey. Independent variables were conceptualized within five domains: 1) Professional Characteristics, 2) Team Attributes, 3) Team Processes, 4) Team Emergent States, and 5) Organizational Culture. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Job satisfaction was significantly associated with absence of team conflict, stronger team support, better team collaboration, greater member involvement in the decision-making process (Team Processes), Affective commitment toward the team (Team Emergent States), as well as lack of a market/rational culture (Organizational Culture). Job satisfaction was strongly related to team processes and, to a lesser extent, team emergent states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Josée Fleury
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Guy Grenier
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec Canada
| | - Jean-Marie Bamvita
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec Canada
| | - Lambert Farand
- Department of Health Administration, Policy and Evaluation School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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de Looff P, Nijman H, Didden R, Embregts P. Burnout symptoms in forensic psychiatric nurses and their associations with personality, emotional intelligence and client aggression: A cross-sectional study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2018; 25:506-516. [PMID: 30199590 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Client aggression in forensic psychiatry is associated with burnout symptoms in nursing staff. It is unclear what mechanisms contribute to this relationship. The type and severity of aggression might be of importance in the association between client aggression and burnout symptoms, but also the personality characteristics and emotional intelligence of nursing staff. It is unknown whether wearable devices that measure arousal can be used to detect chronic stress and burnout symptoms. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Especially, physical aggression as experienced by nursing staff is associated with staff's burnout symptoms (e.g., emotional exhaustion and depersonalization). Further research on the aggression questionnaire is necessary. The stress management skill of nursing staff is an important factor to consider in the association between burnout symptoms and client aggression. The wearable device was not useful for detecting burnout symptoms. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Nursing staff who experience (physical) aggression should be carefully monitored and should receive social support from their management to aid their well-being. Contrary to intuition, nurses who reported a higher number of stress management skills might have to be monitored more closely if necessary. ABSTRACT Introduction Aggressive behaviour of forensic clients is associated with burnout symptoms in nursing staff. The role of staff characteristics as moderators is unclear. Aim We explored the association between type and severity of aggressive behaviour as experienced by nursing staff and staff's burnout symptoms. In addition, the moderating roles of personality characteristics and emotional intelligence (EI) were studied. Moreover, the usefulness of ambulatory skin conductance assessments in detecting arousal related to burnout symptoms was studied. Method A total of 114 forensic nursing staff members filled out questionnaires and wore an ambulatory device. Results Experiencing physical aggression was positively associated with staff's burnout symptoms. Stress management skills, a subscale of EI, but not personality, moderated this relationship. Skin conductance was not associated with burnout symptoms. Remarkably, the association between aggression and burnout symptoms was highest for staff reporting a higher number of stress management skills. Discussion Longitudinal research is necessary to establish causality between client aggression and staff burnout symptoms. In addition, further research is necessary on the validity of the aggression measure used in the current study. Implication for practice Nursing staff who experience physical aggression frequently should receive social support for this, and staff who report high stress management skills should be monitored more carefully after having been confronted with aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter de Looff
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Wier, Specialized and Forensic Care, Fivoor, Den Dolder, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Nijman
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Wier, Specialized and Forensic Care, Fivoor, Den Dolder, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Didden
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Trajectum, Specialized and Forensic Care, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Petri Embregts
- Department of Tranzo, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Rotenstein LS, Torre M, Ramos MA, Rosales RC, Guille C, Sen S, Mata DA. Prevalence of Burnout Among Physicians: A Systematic Review. JAMA 2018; 320:1131-1150. [PMID: 30326495 PMCID: PMC6233645 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2018.12777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 955] [Impact Index Per Article: 159.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Importance Burnout is a self-reported job-related syndrome increasingly recognized as a critical factor affecting physicians and their patients. An accurate estimate of burnout prevalence among physicians would have important health policy implications, but the overall prevalence is unknown. Objective To characterize the methods used to assess burnout and provide an estimate of the prevalence of physician burnout. Data Sources and Study Selection Systematic search of EMBASE, ERIC, MEDLINE/PubMed, psycARTICLES, and psycINFO for studies on the prevalence of burnout in practicing physicians (ie, excluding physicians in training) published before June 1, 2018. Data Extraction and Synthesis Burnout prevalence and study characteristics were extracted independently by 3 investigators. Although meta-analytic pooling was planned, variation in study designs and burnout ascertainment methods, as well as statistical heterogeneity, made quantitative pooling inappropriate. Therefore, studies were summarized descriptively and assessed qualitatively. Main Outcomes and Measures Point or period prevalence of burnout assessed by questionnaire. Results Burnout prevalence data were extracted from 182 studies involving 109 628 individuals in 45 countries published between 1991 and 2018. In all, 85.7% (156/182) of studies used a version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to assess burnout. Studies variably reported prevalence estimates of overall burnout or burnout subcomponents: 67.0% (122/182) on overall burnout, 72.0% (131/182) on emotional exhaustion, 68.1% (124/182) on depersonalization, and 63.2% (115/182) on low personal accomplishment. Studies used at least 142 unique definitions for meeting overall burnout or burnout subscale criteria, indicating substantial disagreement in the literature on what constituted burnout. Studies variably defined burnout based on predefined cutoff scores or sample quantiles and used markedly different cutoff definitions. Among studies using instruments based on the MBI, there were at least 47 distinct definitions of overall burnout prevalence and 29, 26, and 26 definitions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment prevalence, respectively. Overall burnout prevalence ranged from 0% to 80.5%. Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment prevalence ranged from 0% to 86.2%, 0% to 89.9%, and 0% to 87.1%, respectively. Because of inconsistencies in definitions of and assessment methods for burnout across studies, associations between burnout and sex, age, geography, time, specialty, and depressive symptoms could not be reliably determined. Conclusions and Relevance In this systematic review, there was substantial variability in prevalence estimates of burnout among practicing physicians and marked variation in burnout definitions, assessment methods, and study quality. These findings preclude definitive conclusions about the prevalence of burnout and highlight the importance of developing a consensus definition of burnout and of standardizing measurement tools to assess the effects of chronic occupational stress on physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa S. Rotenstein
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Brigham Education Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew Torre
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marco A. Ramos
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Rachael C. Rosales
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Constance Guille
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
| | - Srijan Sen
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Douglas A. Mata
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Brigham Education Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Program in Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Burnout in mental health professionals: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and determinants. Eur Psychiatry 2018; 53:74-99. [PMID: 29957371 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to estimate the level of burnout in mental health professionals and to identify specific determinants of burnout in this population. A systematic search of MEDLINE/PubMed, PsychINFO/Ovid, Embase, CINAHL/EBSCO and Web of Science was conducted for original research published between 1997 and 2017. Sixty-two studies were identified as meeting the study criteria for the systematic review. Data on the means, standard deviations, and prevalence of the dimensions of burnout were extracted from 33 studies and included in the meta-analysis (n = 9409). The overall estimated pooled prevalence for emotional exhaustion was 40% (CI 31%-48%) for depersonalisation was 22% (CI 15%-29%) and for low levels of personal accomplishment was 19% (CI 13%-25%). The random effects estimate of the mean scores on the Maslach Burnout Inventory indicate that the average mental health professional has high levels of emotional exhaustion [mean 21.11 (95% CI 19.98, 22.24)], moderate levels of depersonalisation [mean 6.76 (95% CI 6.11, 7.42)] but retains reasonable levels of personal accomplishment [mean 34.60 (95% CI 32.99, 36.21)]. Increasing age was found to be associated with an increased risk of depersonalisation but also a heightened sense of personal accomplishment. Work-related factors such as workload and relationships at work, are key determinants for burnout, while role clarity, a sense of professional autonomy, a sense of being fairly treated, and access to regular clinical supervision appear to be protective. Staff working in community mental health teams may be more vulnerable to burnout than those working in some specialist community teams, e.g., assertive outreach, crisis teams.
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Delfrate F, Ferrara P, Spotti D, Terzoni S, Lamiani G, Canciani E, Bonetti L. Moral Distress (MD) and burnout in mental health nurses: a multicenter survey. LA MEDICINA DEL LAVORO 2018; 109:97-109. [PMID: 29701626 PMCID: PMC7682177 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v109i2.6876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Moral Distress (MD) is a common experience among nurses and if it is not recognised and treated, it may lead to serious consequences on nurses' health and quality of care. MD has been studied in several healthcare contexts. However, there are only few studies on MD in psychiatry and in Italy there are no data in this field. Objective: To assess the presence of MD among mental health nurses in Italy and verify whether there is a relationship between MD and burnout. METHODS We conducted a multicentre survey among nurses of Mental Health services of four hospitals in Milan. The MD Scale for Psychiatric NursesItalianrevised (MDS-PItarev) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were used for data collection. Factor analysis and calculation of content validity index (CVI) and Cronbach's alpha were performed on the Italian version of the MDS-PIta. Three items of the old version of the scale were removed, because judged not relevant in the Italian context. The revised scale maintained excellent CVI (0.89) and Cronbach's alpha (0.93). RESULTS Of 285 questionnaires distributed, 228 (80%) were returned. The median of MD was 2 (scale range 0-6); MD is correlated with two burnout dimensions: emotional exhaustion (rho(ρ)=0.28, p<0,001) and depersonalization (ρ=0.20, p<0,001). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study about MD among psychiatric nurses in Italy. We found a medium-low level of MD among nurses who participated in the survey. We also found a modest but significant correlation between MD and two dimensions of MBI. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Delfrate
- Infermiera, Cure Subacute, ASST Rhodense, Ospedale di Passirana, Italia.
| | - Paolo Ferrara
- Infermiere tutor, Corso di Laurea in Infermieristica, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Ospedale Polo Universitario San Paolo, Milano, Italia..
| | - Daniela Spotti
- Infermiera, tutor, Corso di Laurea in Infermieristica, ASST Fatebefratelli Sacco, Ospedale Polo Universitario L. Sacco, Milano, Italia.
| | - Stefano Terzoni
- PhD, Infermiere tutor, Corso di Laurea in Infermieristica, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Ospedale Polo Universitario San Paolo, Milano, Italia.
| | - Giulia Lamiani
- PhD, Psycologist, Research fellow, adjunt professor, Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University..
| | - Eleonora Canciani
- Infermiera neolaureata, Corso di Laurea in Infermieristica, Fatebefratelli Sacco, Ospedale Polo Universitario L. Sacco, Milano, Italia.
| | - Loris Bonetti
- PhD, Infermiere tutor, Esperto di ricerca infermieristica clinica, Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, CH.
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Fleury MJ, Grenier G, Bamvita JM. Job satisfaction among mental healthcare professionals: The respective contributions of professional characteristics, team attributes, team processes, and team emergent states. SAGE Open Med 2017; 5:2050312117745222. [PMID: 29276591 PMCID: PMC5734453 DOI: 10.1177/2050312117745222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the respective contribution of professional characteristics, team attributes, team processes, and team emergent states on the job satisfaction of 315 mental health professionals from Quebec (Canada). Methods Job satisfaction was measured with the Job Satisfaction Survey. Independent variables were organized into four categories according to a conceptual framework inspired from the Input-Mediator-Outcomes-Input Model. The contribution of each category of variables was assessed using hierarchical regression analysis. Results Variations in job satisfaction were mostly explained by team processes, with minimal contribution from the other three categories. Among the six variables significantly associated with job satisfaction in the final model, four were team processes: stronger team support, less team conflict, deeper involvement in the decision-making process, and more team collaboration. Job satisfaction was also associated with nursing and, marginally, male gender (professional characteristics) as well as with a stronger affective commitment toward the team (team emergent states). Discussion and Conclusion Results confirm the importance for health managers of offering adequate support to mental health professionals, and creating an environment favorable to collaboration and decision-sharing, and likely to reduce conflicts between team members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Josée Fleury
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,The Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guy Grenier
- The Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Marie Bamvita
- The Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Fleury MJ, Grenier G, Bamvita JM. A comparative study of job satisfaction among nurses, psychologists/psychotherapists and social workers working in Quebec mental health teams. BMC Nurs 2017; 16:62. [PMID: 29167628 PMCID: PMC5688615 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-017-0255-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study identified multiple socio-professional and team effectiveness variables, based on the Input-Mediator-Output-Input (IMOI) model, and tested their associations with job satisfaction for three categories of mental health professionals (nurses, psychologists/psychotherapists, and social workers). METHODS Job satisfaction was assessed with the Job Satisfaction Survey. Independent variables were classified into four categories: 1) Socio-professional Characteristics; 2) Team Attributes; 3) Team Processes; and 4) Team Emergent States. Variables were entered successively, by category, into a hierarchical regression model. RESULTS Team Processes contributed the greatest number of variables to job satisfaction among all professional groups, including team support which was the only significant variable common to all three types of professionals. Greater involvement in the decision-making process, and lower levels of team conflict (Team Processes) were associated with job satisfaction among nurses and social workers. Lower seniority on team (Socio-professional Characteristics), and team collaboration (Team Processes) were associated with job satisfaction among nurses, as was belief in the advantages of interdisciplinary collaboration (Team Emergent States) among psychologists. Knowledge sharing (Team Processes) and affective commitment to the team (Team Emergent States) were associated with job satisfaction among social workers. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest the need for mental health decision-makers and team managers to offer adequate support to mental health professionals, to involve nurses and social workers in the decision-making process, and implement procedures and mechanisms favourable to the prevention or resolution of team conflict with a view toward increasing job satisfaction among mental health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Josée Fleury
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, 6875 LaSalle Blvd. Montreal, Quebec, H4H 1R3 Canada
| | - Guy Grenier
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, 6875 LaSalle Blvd. Montreal, Quebec, H4H 1R3 Canada
| | - Jean-Marie Bamvita
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, 6875 LaSalle Blvd. Montreal, Quebec, H4H 1R3 Canada
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Rudaz M, Twohig MP, Ong CW, Levin ME. Mindfulness and acceptance-based trainings for fostering self-care and reducing stress in mental health professionals: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Picco L, Yuan Q, Vaingankar JA, Chang S, Abdin E, Chua HC, Chong SA, Subramaniam M. Positive mental health among health professionals working at a psychiatric hospital. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178359. [PMID: 28591203 PMCID: PMC5462373 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive mental health (PMH) is a combination of emotional, psychological and social well-being that is necessary for an individual to be mentally healthy. The current study aims to examine the socio-demographic differences of PMH among mental health professionals and to explore the association between job satisfaction and total PMH. METHODS Doctors, nurses and allied health staff (n = 462) completed the online survey which included the multidimensional 47-item PMH instrument as well as a single item job satisfaction question. Associations of PMH with job satisfaction were investigated via linear regression models. RESULTS Significant differences in PMH total and domain specific scores were observed across socio-demographic characteristics. Age and ethnicity were significantly correlated with PMH total scores as well as various domain scores, while gender, marital and residency status and the staff's position were only significantly correlated with domain specific scores. Job satisfaction was also found to be a significantly associated with total PMH. CONCLUSION The workplace is a key environment that affects the mental health and well-being of working adults. In order to promote and foster PMH, workplaces need to consider the importance of psychosocial well-being and the wellness of staff whilst providing an environment that supports and maintains overall health and work efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Picco
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qi Yuan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Sherilyn Chang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Edimansyah Abdin
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong Choon Chua
- Chief Executive Office, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siow Ann Chong
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
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Onwumere J, Lotey G, Schulz J, James G, Afsharzadegan R, Harvey R, Chu Man L, Kuipers E, Raune D. Burnout in early course psychosis caregivers: the role of illness beliefs and coping styles. Early Interv Psychiatry 2017; 11:237-243. [PMID: 25721376 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In occupational settings, burnout is a common response to chronic exposure stressors and has been frequently documented in formal caregivers (i.e. paid psychiatric staff). However, the literature is limited on reports of burnout among informal caregivers and particularly within early psychosis groups. The current study sought to investigate reports of burnout in carers of young adults treated within a specialist early psychosis service and links with key appraisals reported about the illness and coping. METHODS Seventy-two carers completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory along with self-report measures of coping styles and illness beliefs. RESULTS Seventy-eight per cent of carers reported high burnout in at least one of the three key burnout markers (i.e. emotional exhaustion, depersonalization or low personal accomplishment). Seven per cent of carers met full criteria for high burnout across all the three domains. A carer's belief about the negative consequences of the illness for themselves was a significant predictor of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Low personal accomplishment was linked to a carer's less optimistic beliefs about the illness timeline and fewer reports of adaptive coping. CONCLUSIONS The results provide preliminary support for the importance of asking carers in the early illness phase about their experiences of caregiving. Targeted assessment may serve as a helpful tool to identify and intervene with carers in need of additional support with stress management, use of adaptive coping strategies, and balanced recovery focused information about psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Onwumere
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gursharan Lotey
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Human Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Joerg Schulz
- Department of Psychology, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Gareth James
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Roya Afsharzadegan
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK
| | - Raythe Harvey
- Harrow & Hillingdon Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, The Pembroke Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Lai Chu Man
- Harrow & Hillingdon Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, The Pembroke Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Kuipers
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - David Raune
- Harrow & Hillingdon Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, The Pembroke Centre, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Kaeding A, Sougleris C, Reid C, van Vreeswijk MF, Hayes C, Dorrian J, Simpson S. Professional Burnout, Early Maladaptive Schemas, and Physical Health in Clinical and Counselling Psychology Trainees. J Clin Psychol 2017; 73:1782-1796. [DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Samaritan listening volunteers provide emotional support to people in distress or suicidal. Samaritans' has high volunteer turnover, which may be due to burnout. This study evaluated the role of demographic and psychosocial factors in predicting Samaritans listening volunteers' burnout and health status. Samaritans' listening volunteers (n = 216) from seven branches across UK completed an online survey to assess their levels of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, personal accomplishment), subjective health status, coping, empathy and social support. Overall, listeners showed low levels of burnout and good health. Regression analysis revealed that higher emotional exhaustion was predicted by younger age and avoidant coping style; higher depersonalisation was predicted by lower empathy fantasy and higher avoidant coping style; lower personal accomplishment scores were predicted by higher empathy personal distress and worse health status was predicted by more hours per week spent on listening duties, lower social support and higher avoidant coping style. Overall, different factors influenced different facets of burnout. However, higher use of avoidant coping style consistently predicted higher burnout and worse health status, suggesting avoidant coping is an important target for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Roche
- a School of Psychology , University of Surrey , Guildford , UK
| | - Jane Ogden
- a School of Psychology , University of Surrey , Guildford , UK
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“Awareness is the first step”: An interprofessional course on mindfulness & mindful-movement for healthcare professionals and students. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2016; 25:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Gil-Monte PR, Manzano-García G. Psychometric properties of the Spanish Burnout Inventory among staff nurses. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2015; 22:756-63. [PMID: 26176714 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ACCESSIBLE SUMMARY The burnout syndrome contributes to the deterioration in the quality of personal life as well as lower quality practice in healthcare personnel. Researchers have been concerned about the psychometric limitations of some previous questionnaires designed to evaluate burnout. The Spanish Burnout Inventory was developed to address the problems associated with other instruments, but it has not yet been validated in staff nurses. This study provides evidence that the Spanish Burnout Inventory has adequate psychometric properties to estimate burnout in staff nurses. The Spanish Burnout Inventory offers a theoretical proposal to explain the different components of burnout. The Spanish Burnout Inventory provides researchers and practitioners with an expanded conceptualization of the burnout syndrome, which can facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of nursing professionals. ABSTRACT Researchers have been concerned about the psychometric limitations of the some previous questionnaires designed to evaluate burnout. To address these problems associated with previous instruments, the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) was developed. The instrument has not yet been validated in staff nurses. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the SBI. The sample consisted of 720 staff nurses from two Spanish general hospitals. The instrument is composed of 20 items distributed in four dimensions: Enthusiasm towards the job (five items), Psychological exhaustion (four items), Indolence (six items) and Guilt (five items). Data were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis. To assess the factorial validity of the SBI, four alternative models were tested. Results show that the four-factor model of the SBI has adequate psychometric properties for the study of burnout in staff nurses. This model fitted the data better than the alternative models. The study provides evidence of the adequate psychometric properties of a measure to evaluate burnout in nursing professionals. The SBI proposes a theoretical explanation for the different types of burnout, facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of staff nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Gil-Monte
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), University of Valencia, Spain
| | - G Manzano-García
- Department of Sciences Education, La Rioja University, Logroño, Spain
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Dai Y, Zhang B, Sun H, Li Z, Shen L, Liu Y. Prevalence and Correlates of Psychological Symptoms in Chinese Doctors as Measured with the SCL-90-R: A Meta-Analysis. Res Nurs Health 2015; 38:369-83. [PMID: 26291179 DOI: 10.1002/nur.21673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Dai
- Department of Social Medicine and Healthcare Management, School of Public Health; Central South University; Changsha Hunan China
| | - Baoquan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Union Medicine; Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Hong Sun
- Professor, Department of Social Medicine and Healthcare Management, School of Public Health; Central South University President, Xiangya Hospital Central South University; No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District Changsha Hunan Province 410078 China
| | - Zhanzhan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health; Central South University; Changsha Hunan China
| | - Liangfang Shen
- Department of Human Resource, Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha Hunan China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Human Resource, Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha Hunan China
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