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Leonard R, Hughes N, Forbes T, Brown M, Marsh L, Truesdale M, Todd S, Linden M. Effectiveness of Online Programmes for Family Carers of People with Intellectual Disabilities: Systematic Review of the International Evidence Base. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1349. [PMID: 38998883 PMCID: PMC11241307 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12131349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic literature review examines the evidence base on the effectiveness of online programmes on the mental health and well-being of family carers of people with intellectual disabilities. Databases (ERIC, Medline, PsycINFO and CINAHL) were searched for intervention studies that considered online interventions for family carers of people with intellectual disabilities. Data were extracted using standardised data extraction tools. Bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised trials (RoB 2). Screening, extraction and assessment of bias were completed independently by two members of the research team. Given the low number of included studies and different outcomes assessed within them, it was not possible to conduct a meta-analysis; therefore, data are presented narratively. Two studies met the criteria to be included in the review. Both studies utilised a feasibility randomised controlled trial methodology. One study found a significant decrease in parental stress, while the other found a significant increase in psychological well-being. Caution must be taken in drawing firm conclusions, given the small sample sizes and low retention rates in both studies. Online programmes seem to offer potential benefits to family carers of people with intellectual disabilities. However, further investigation is needed to examine these programmes, adopting a collaborative approach with family carers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Leonard
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Nathan Hughes
- Department of Sociological Studies, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Trisha Forbes
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Michael Brown
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Lynne Marsh
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Maria Truesdale
- College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Stuart Todd
- School of Care Sciences, University of South Wales, Usk Way, Newport NP20 2BP, UK
| | - Mark Linden
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
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Davis A, Copeland-Linder N, Phuong K, Belcher H, van Eck K. Hospitalisation and mortality among privately insured individuals with COVID-19 in the United States: The role of intellectual disabilities and Neurogenetic disorders. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2024; 68:573-584. [PMID: 38369907 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) and neurogenetic conditions (IDNDs) are at greater risk for comorbidities that may increase adverse outcomes for this population when they have coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The study aims are to examine the population-level odds of hospitalisation and mortality of privately insured individuals with COVID-19 with and without IDNDs IDs, controlling for sociodemographics and comorbid health conditions. METHODS This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study of 1174 individuals with IDs and neurogenetic conditions within a population of 752 237 de-identified, privately insured, US patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between February 2020 and September 2020. Odds of hospitalisation and mortality among COVID-19 patients with IDNDs adjusted for demographic characteristics, Health Resources and Services Administration region, states with Affordable Care Act and number of comorbid health conditions were analysed. RESULTS Patients with IDNDs overall had higher rates of COVID-19 hospitalisation than those without IDNDs (35.01% vs. 12.65%, P < .0001) and had higher rates of COVID-19 mortality than those without IDNDs (4.94% vs. .88%, P < .0001). Adjusting for sociodemographic factors only, the odds of being hospitalised for COVID-19 associated with IDNDs was 4.05 [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.56-4.61]. Adjusting for sociodemographic factors and comorbidity count, the odds of hospitalisation for COVID-19 associated with IDNDs was 1.42 (95% CI 1.25-1.61). The odds of mortality from COVID-19 for individuals with IDNDs adjusted for sociodemographic factors only was 4.65 (95% CI 3.47-6.24). The odds of mortality from COVID-19 for patients with IDNDs adjusted for sociodemographic factors and comorbidity count was 2.70 (95% CI 2.03-3.60). A major finding of the study was that even when considering the different demographic structure and generally higher disease burden of patients with IDNDs, having a IDND was an independent risk factor for increased hospitalisation and mortality compared with patients without IDNDs. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with IDNDs had significantly higher odds of hospitalisation and mortality after adjusting for sociodemographics. Results remained significant with a slight attenuation after adjusting for sociodemographics and comorbidities. Adjustments for comorbidity count demonstrated a dose-response increase in odds of both hospitalisation and mortality, illustrating the cumulative effect of health concerns on COVID-19 outcomes. Together, findings highlight that individuals with IDNDs experience vulnerability for negative COVID-19 health outcomes with implications for access to comprehensive healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Davis
- Disability Health Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N Copeland-Linder
- Psychology Department, Notre Dame of Maryland University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K Phuong
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - H Belcher
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Office for Health, Equity, Inclusion, and Diversity, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K van Eck
- Office for Health, Equity, Inclusion, and Diversity, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Katalifos A, Elsabbagh M, Yusuf A, Yamaguchi S, Scorah J, Wright N, Steiman M, Shih A, Shikako K. Alignment of Canada's COVID-19 policy response with barriers and facilitators for coping reported by caregivers of youth with developmental delays, disorders, and disabilities. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2024; 5:1308062. [PMID: 38590546 PMCID: PMC10999642 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2024.1308062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The UNICEF-WHO Global Report on Developmental Delays, Disorders, and Disabilities is an ongoing initiative aimed at increasing awareness, compiling data, providing guidance on strengthening health systems, and engaging country-level partners. Data from its caregiver survey assessing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic showed that half of youths with developmental delays and disabilities (DDDs) and their caregivers struggled to cope, with a significant portion reporting a lack of supports and difficulty managing the worsening of the child's symptoms in isolation. Governments created service strategies supporting vulnerable groups. Little is known about the alignment between COVID-19 policies for persons with disabilities and their lived experiences. Contextualizing caregivers' experiences can promote the development of tailored public supports for these families following a public health crisis. Methods Online survey data were collected from June-July 2020, leading to a convenience sample of caregivers of youth with DDDs across Canada. Respondents answered two open-ended questions regarding challenges and coping strategies during the pandemic. We conducted a thematic analysis of responses using inductive coding on NVivo software. Overarching codes derived from the dataset were contextualized using an analysis of provincial policies published during the pandemic. Parallels with these policies supported the exploration of families' and youths' experiences during the same period. Results Five hundred and seventy-six (N = 576) participants answered open-ended questions. Barriers to coping included family mental health issues, concerns about the youths' regression, challenges in online schooling, limited play spaces, and managing physical health during quarantine. Environmental barriers encompassed deteriorating family finances, loss of public services, and a lack of accessible information and supports. In contrast, caregivers reported coping facilitators, such as family time, outdoor activities, and their child's resilience. Environmental facilitators included community resources, public financial supports, and access to telehealth services. Few COVID-19 policies effectively addressed caregiver-identified barriers, while some restrictions hindered access to facilitators. Conclusion Prioritizing needs of families of youths with DDDs during public health emergencies can significantly impact their experiences and mental health. Enhancing financial benefits, providing telehealth services, and creating inclusive public play spaces are priority areas as we navigate the post-pandemic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Katalifos
- Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, Montreal Neurological Hospital-Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mayada Elsabbagh
- Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, Montreal Neurological Hospital-Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Afiqah Yusuf
- Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, Montreal Neurological Hospital-Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sakiko Yamaguchi
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Scorah
- Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, Montreal Neurological Hospital-Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicola Wright
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Psychology, and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mandy Steiman
- Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, Montreal Neurological Hospital-Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Andy Shih
- Scientific Affairs, Autism Speaks, New York, NY, United States
| | - Keiko Shikako
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Nazari Orakani S, Officer TN, Good G, McBride-Henry K. Systems Are Overstretched from the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Interpretive Description of Disabled People's Access to Healthcare and Disability Support in New Zealand. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:387. [PMID: 38338272 PMCID: PMC10855788 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12030387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare and support services, creating challenges for disabled people. New Zealand implemented a range of policies to prevent and limit viral transmission of COVID-19. This study investigates disabled people's experiences accessing healthcare and disability support services during the COVID-19 pandemic, and based on this analysis, the implications of public health policy decisions on disabled people's experiences during the pandemic in New Zealand are explicated. A qualitative design underpinned by interpretive description methodology guided this study. A total of 64 disabled people or parents of disabled children participated in semi-structured interviews. The team of health services and disability researchers then engaged in an iterative thematic approach to analysis, which led to three key themes: (1) protective personal factors, which assisted disabled people to access healthcare and support services, (2) immediate pandemic policy impacts, including policy and legislative changes, which created additional access barriers for disabled people, and (3) exacerbating factors, including compounding vulnerabilities, overstretched systems, and the impact of the vaccine mandate, which worsened the already limited access to healthcare and disability services for disabled people. The pandemic overwhelmed an already stretched healthcare and disability support system, resulting in service disruptions with negative consequences for disabled people's health and wellbeing. Future policy development needs to be disability-centred in its inclusion of people with lived experience and consideration of the support needs of disabled populations. A first step in this process could include pandemic planning and policy co-design to ensure a continuum of healthcare services and support availability for individuals when services are disrupted. In addition, access to formal and informal support for disabled people should be recognised as a fundamental human right when accessing healthcare and disability support services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Nazari Orakani
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Practice, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand; (T.N.O.); (K.M.-H.)
| | - Tara N. Officer
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Practice, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand; (T.N.O.); (K.M.-H.)
| | - Gretchen Good
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Karen McBride-Henry
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Practice, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand; (T.N.O.); (K.M.-H.)
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Safar Y, Formuli F, Volpe T, St John L, Lunsky Y. "Everything has changed since COVID": Ongoing challenges faced by Canadian adults with intellectual disabilities during waves 2 and 3 of the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2024:17446295241229364. [PMID: 38266144 DOI: 10.1177/17446295241229364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the lives of people with intellectual disabilities in many ways, impacting their health and wellbeing. Early in the pandemic, the research team delivered a six-week virtual group-based program to help Canadian adults with intellectual disabilities cope and better manage their mental health. The study's objective was to explore ongoing concerns among individuals with intellectual disabilities following their participation in this education and support program. Thematic analysis was used to analyze participant feedback provided eight weeks after course completion. Twenty-four participants were interviewed in January 2021 and May 2021 across two cycles of the course. Three themes emerged: 1) employment and financial challenges; 2) navigating changes and ongoing restrictions; and 3) vaccine anticipation and experience. These findings suggest that despite benefiting from the program, participants continued to experience pandemic-related challenges in 2021, emphasising the need to continually engage people with intellectual disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Safar
- Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fatima Formuli
- Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tiziana Volpe
- Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura St John
- Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yona Lunsky
- Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Sellitto T, Fraser-Thomas J, Bassett-Gunter RL, Lee V, Lunsky Y, Balogh R, Weiss JA. The role of thriving in mental health among people with intellectual and developmental disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13177. [PMID: 37987194 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the mental health of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Numerous pandemic-related stressors experienced by people with intellectual and developmental disabilities may have impacted their ability to thrive, which has been linked to mental health outcomes. The current study examined the associations among COVID-19 stressors, thriving, and mental health problems among youth and adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. METHOD Caregivers of 159 people with intellectual and developmental disabilities between 12 and 35 years of age from Canada completed an online questionnaire. RESULTS A mediation analysis revealed that COVID-19 stressors were positively associated with mental health problems, and that thriving partially mediated this association. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that experiences of thriving may be an important target for mental health support for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Sellitto
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Vivian Lee
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yona Lunsky
- Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Balogh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan A Weiss
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Hunt X, Hameed S, Tetali S, Ngoc LA, Ganle J, Huq L, Shakespeare T, Smythe T, Ilkkursun Z, Kuper H, Acarturk C, Kannuri NK, Mai VQ, Khan RS, Banks LM. Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to healthcare among people with disabilities: evidence from six low- and middle-income countries. Int J Equity Health 2023; 22:172. [PMID: 37653417 PMCID: PMC10472671 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-01989-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pandemic has placed considerable strain on health systems, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), leading to reductions in the availability of routine health services. Emerging evidence suggests that people with disabilities have encountered marked challenges in accessing healthcare services and supports in the context of the pandemic. Further research is needed to explore specific barriers to accessing healthcare during the pandemic, and any strategies that promoted continued access to health services in LMICs where the vast majority of people with disabilities live. METHODS Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with persons with disabilities in Ghana, Zimbabwe, Viet Nam, Türkiye (Syrian refugees), Bangladesh, and India as part of a larger project exploring the experiences of people with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic and their inclusion in government response activities. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS This research found that people with disabilities in six countries - representing a diverse geographic spread, with different health systems and COVID-19 responses - all experienced additional difficulties accessing healthcare during the pandemic. Key barriers to accessing healthcare during the pandemic included changes in availability of services due to systems restructuring, difficulty affording care due to the economic impacts of the pandemic, fear of contracting coronavirus, and a lack of human support to enable care-seeking. CONCLUSION These barriers ultimately led to decreased utilisation of services which, in turn, negatively impacted their health and wellbeing. However, we also found that certain factors, including active and engaged Organisations of Persons with Disabilities (OPDs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) played a role in reducing some of the impact of pandemic-related healthcare access barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xanthe Hunt
- Institute for Life Course Health Research, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Room 4009, Education Building, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Shaffa Hameed
- International Centre for Evidence on Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Shailaja Tetali
- Indian Institute of Public Health-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Luong Anh Ngoc
- Center for Training and Research on Substance Abuse - HIV, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - John Ganle
- School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Lopita Huq
- BRAC Institute of Governance and Development, BRAC University, Dakar, Bangladesh
| | - Tom Shakespeare
- International Centre for Evidence on Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Tracey Smythe
- International Centre for Evidence on Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Hannah Kuper
- International Centre for Evidence on Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ceren Acarturk
- Department of Psychology, Koc University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | - Vu Quynh Mai
- Center for Population Health Science, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Rifat Shahpar Khan
- BRAC Institute of Governance and Development, BRAC University, Dakar, Bangladesh
| | - Lena Morgon Banks
- International Centre for Evidence on Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Gil-Llario MD, Díaz-Rodríguez I, Fernández-García O, Estruch-García V, Bisquert-Bover M, Ballester-Arnal R. Mental Health of People with Intellectual Disabilities Living in Residential Care before, during, and after Lockdown. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:695. [PMID: 37622835 PMCID: PMC10451193 DOI: 10.3390/bs13080695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of the COVID-19 on the well-being of people with intellectual disabilities (PID) has been little studied. METHODS We analyzed its impact with a cohort study quantitatively analyzing anxiety, depression, organic symptoms, quality of life, and support needs in 24 PID, aged 19-74 years (x¯ 40, σ = 13.09), living in a residential center, before, during, and after the pandemic. RESULTS Their mental health improved unexpectedly at the onset of the lockdown although there was an increase in organic symptoms. But, with the progress of the lockdown, their mental health deteriorated drastically. On the contrary, as expected, their quality of life and support needs worsened from the beginning of the lockdown until the country returned to normality, a time when there was a general recovery, without reaching pre-pandemic levels. These results show that the mental health of PID was affected differently to that of people without intellectual disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Gil-Llario
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.D.G.-L.); (I.D.-R.); (O.F.-G.); (M.B.-B.)
| | - Irene Díaz-Rodríguez
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.D.G.-L.); (I.D.-R.); (O.F.-G.); (M.B.-B.)
| | - Olga Fernández-García
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.D.G.-L.); (I.D.-R.); (O.F.-G.); (M.B.-B.)
| | - Verónica Estruch-García
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.D.G.-L.); (I.D.-R.); (O.F.-G.); (M.B.-B.)
| | - Mar Bisquert-Bover
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.D.G.-L.); (I.D.-R.); (O.F.-G.); (M.B.-B.)
| | - Rafael Ballester-Arnal
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jaume I University, 12006 Castellón, Spain;
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Letts E, Freeman M, Gambino C, Di Rezze B. A scoping review of measures examining the environments of persons with neurodevelopmental disorders in a supported housing setting. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 70:559-570. [PMID: 38983484 PMCID: PMC11229748 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2022.2099508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: Having a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) can impact the abilities of an individual in many areas of life, including the ability to live independently. The environment of an individual impacts their day-to-day life throughout their lifespan. To improve supported housing experiences, it is important to map the evidence, especially relating to quality and satisfaction with the environment (as defined by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework). This has been exacerbated by COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, therefore more insight is needed in measuring this. Objective and methods: This scoping review searched 5 health and social science databases with the objective to identify and examine the outcome measures that integrate aspects of the environment that examine supported housing in individuals with NDD. Results and discussion: Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. We found that most measures targeted the satisfaction of individuals about their environment, with the ICF Support and Relationships factor of the environment assessed most. Measures were most often completed by a proxy through an interview. This work enhances our understanding of aspects of the environments of supported housing that are currently measured, laying an essential base for future research to improve the lives of individuals with NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyse Letts
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Matt Freeman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Caterina Gambino
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Briano Di Rezze
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Wanjagua R, Hepburn S, Faragher R, John ST, Gayathri K, Gitonga M, Meshy CF, Miranda L, Sindano D. Key learnings from
COVID
‐19 to sustain quality of life for families of individuals with
IDD. JOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2022; 19:72-85. [PMID: 35601013 PMCID: PMC9115200 DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Wanjagua
- Department of Disability and Human Development University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Stevie‐Jae Hepburn
- School of Education The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Rhonda Faragher
- School of Education The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | | | - K. Gayathri
- Down Syndrome Clinic Baby Memorial Hospital Calicut India
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11
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Lunsky Y, Jahoda A, Navas P, Campanella S, Havercamp SM. The mental health and well-being of adults with intellectual disability during the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review. JOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2022; 19:35-47. [PMID: 35601014 PMCID: PMC9115206 DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Prior to the start of the pandemic, adults with intellectual disability (ID) were more likely to experience mental health difficulties and face barriers obtaining mental health care. COVID-related public health restrictions, combined with heightened challenges to obtain timely mental health care, have served to worsen this situation internationally, with a combination of new onset conditions and worsening mental health for those already struggling. In this narrative review, we summarize literature on the mental health of adults with ID during the COVID-19 pandemic to describe what is known based on clinician perceptions, existing administrative health data, family and staff perceptions, and self-report. In addition to noting similarities and differences in findings based on the source of information, we also explored how experiences differed depending on where and when the research was conducted. Based primarily on research conducted during the first six months of the pandemic, there is a consistent finding across sources of increased anxiety, stress, and isolation. This review also explored the delivery of virtual mental health care and the impact of pandemic-based mental health interventions. There have been very few research studies evaluating clinical care during this time but clinicians have managed to provide supports virtually, which has been evaluated positively by some individuals. This narrative review concludes by identifying gaps in the literature and suggests key directions for future mental health research, policy, and practice efforts. Any mental health efforts now and during pandemic recovery need to have an understanding of how the mental health needs and services for adults with ID have evolved over the course of the pandemic. Further research is needed on the impact of both clinical interventions and other nonclinical efforts on the mental health of people with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yona Lunsky
- Centre for Addiction and Mental HealthUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | | | | | - Sabrina Campanella
- Centre for Addiction and Mental HealthUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
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Sullivan WF, Björne P, Heng J, Northway R. Ethics framework and recommendations to support capabilities of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities during pandemics. JOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2022; 19:116-124. [PMID: 35601010 PMCID: PMC9115164 DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William F. Sullivan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine and Academic Family Health Team St. Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Petra Björne
- Department for Disability Support Malmö Sweden
- University of Lund Lund Sweden
| | - John Heng
- Departments of Philosophy, Thanatology, Disability Studies King's University College at Western University London Ontario Canada
| | - Ruth Northway
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Education University of South Wales Wales UK
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Trip H, Northway R, Perkins E, Mirfin‐Veitch B, Adams R. COVID
‐19: Evolving challenges and opportunities for residential and vocational intellectual disability service providers. JOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2022; 19:102-115. [PMID: 35601012 PMCID: PMC9115148 DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The sustainability of service provision continues to be a challenge in the field of intellectual disability due to changes in delivery as part of intermittent or ongoing lockdown requirements during the COVID‐19 global pandemic. There are many facets to this that may have temporary or permanent impacts not only on the sector, but ultimately for service access and outcomes for people with intellectual disability themselves. This narrative literature review identifies both opportunities for, and impacts on, service providers across jurisdictions. These are explored in terms of the effects that suspension, adaptation, continuity or the cessation of service delivery have had, and those that are projected. Such impacts include, but are not limited to, changes in service access and delivery, employment roles and responsibilities, financial sustainability and the need to diversify the services and supports provided and how they are delivered. The relevance of these impacts for family carers and people with intellectual disability is also discussed. Nonetheless, there have also been opportunities which inform the shape of service delivery and pandemic planning into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrietta Trip
- Centre for Postgraduate Nursing Studies University of Otago Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Ruth Northway
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Education University of South Wales Pontypridd UK
| | - Elizabeth Perkins
- Department of Child and Family Studies University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
| | - Brigit Mirfin‐Veitch
- Centre for Postgraduate Nursing Studies University of Otago Christchurch New Zealand
- Donald Beasley Institute Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Reece Adams
- Centre for Developmental Disability Health Monash Health Melbourne Victoria Australia
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