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Nguyen HTT, Pritchard DW, Desmond MJ, Hepburn CD. Coralline photosynthetic physiology across a steep light gradient. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 153:43-57. [PMID: 35092556 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00899-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Coralline algae (CA) are globally distributed and fulfil many important roles within coastal ecosystems. In this study, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) measured for 616 days at 2 and 10 m in a temperate subtidal kelp forest in southern New Zealand provided context to photosynthesis vs. irradiance relationships for, and pigment concentrations of, an articulated coralline alga, Arthrocardia sp. and a crustose coralline species assemblage within the Hapalidiales order. The maximum photosynthetic rate Pmax of the Arthrocardia sp. (20.38 ± 2.38 µmol O2. gDW-1 h-1) was significantly higher than the Pmax of crustose coralline spp. (3.72 ± 0.74 µmol O2. gDW-1 h-1) at the same 2 m stratum. Pigment concentration of Arthrocardia sp. was significantly higher than that of crustose coralline spp. at the same depth, while pigment concentration of crustose coralline spp. at 2 and 10 m were not significantly affected by depth. The photosynthetic characteristics of these coralline algae represent a shade acclimated organism with low saturation irradiance (all Ek < 100 µmol photons m-2 s-1). Despite sevenfold difference in average daily dose between 2 and 10 m there was no significant effect of depth on the photosynthetic performance of crustose coralline algae measured. The lack of evidence for acclimation to low light could be because periods of clear water provide enough light to maintain photosynthesis, lower energetic requirements of species found at depth or constraints on the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments at greater depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang T T Nguyen
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
- University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, 102 Phung Hung, Hue City, Vietnam.
| | - Daniel W Pritchard
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
- Coastal People Southern Skies, Centre of Research Excellence, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
- Te Ao Tūroa, Te Rūnanga O Ngāi Tahu, PO Box 799, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Matthew J Desmond
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
- Coastal People Southern Skies, Centre of Research Excellence, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Christopher D Hepburn
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
- Coastal People Southern Skies, Centre of Research Excellence, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
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Martins M, Soares C, Figueiredo I, Sousa B, Torres AC, Sousa-Pinto I, Veiga P, Rubal M, Fidalgo F. Fucoid Macroalgae Have Distinct Physiological Mechanisms to Face Emersion and Submersion Periods in Their Southern Limit of Distribution. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091892. [PMID: 34579433 PMCID: PMC8467972 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
During high tide, macroalgae are submersed, facing adequate environmental conditions, however, at low tide, these species can be exposed to high UV radiation and desiccation, leading to an overproduction of reactive oxygen species, causing oxidative stress. Since intertidal organisms present differential sensitivity to abiotic fluctuations, this study aimed to evaluate the physiological responses [photosynthetic pigments, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxidation (LP), and thiols and proline] of three macroalgae, from different intertidal levels, towards tidal regimes. Samples of Pelvetia canaliculata, Ascophyllum nodosum, and Fucus serratus were collected from beaches located on the southern limit of distribution in periods of potential stress (Summer and Spring), under low and high tide. The photosynthetic pigments of P. canaliculata and F. serratus were generally higher during low tide, and the oxidative damage evidenced by H2O2 and LP increased in the Summer, while A. nodosum showed greater oxidative damage in the Spring. While thiol content did not change, proline levels were species- and tidal-specific among sampling dates. P. canaliculata presented higher resilience to unfavorable conditions, while F. serratus was the most sensitive species. The physiological responses analyzed were species-specific, pointing to the high susceptibility of low intertidal organisms to expected extreme climatic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Martins
- GreenUPorto—Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre and INOV4AGRO, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre, 4149-007 Porto, Portugal; (B.S.); (F.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristiano Soares
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre, 4149-007 Porto, Portugal; (C.S.); (I.F.)
| | - Inês Figueiredo
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre, 4149-007 Porto, Portugal; (C.S.); (I.F.)
| | - Bruno Sousa
- GreenUPorto—Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre and INOV4AGRO, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre, 4149-007 Porto, Portugal; (B.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Ana Catarina Torres
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (A.C.T.); (I.S.-P.); (P.V.); (M.R.)
| | - Isabel Sousa-Pinto
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (A.C.T.); (I.S.-P.); (P.V.); (M.R.)
| | - Puri Veiga
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (A.C.T.); (I.S.-P.); (P.V.); (M.R.)
| | - Marcos Rubal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (A.C.T.); (I.S.-P.); (P.V.); (M.R.)
| | - Fernanda Fidalgo
- GreenUPorto—Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre and INOV4AGRO, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre, 4149-007 Porto, Portugal; (B.S.); (F.F.)
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Rossi F, Viejo RM, Duarte L, Vaz-Pinto F, Gestoso I, Olabarria C. Removal of an established invader can change gross primary production of native macroalgae and alter carbon flow in intertidal rock pools. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217121. [PMID: 31794557 PMCID: PMC6890258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of invasive species on recipient communities can vary with environmental context and across levels of biological complexity. We investigated how an established invasive seaweed species affected the biomass, eco-physiology, carbon and nitrogen storage capacity of native seaweeds at sites with a different environmental setting due to a persistent upwelling in northern Spain. We removed the invasive Japanese wireweed Sargassum muticum from intertidal rock pools once every month during a one-year period and used an in-situ stable isotope pulse-chase labeling to estimate gross primary production (GPP), nitrogen uptake rate, 13C-carbon and 15N-nitrogen storage capacities. Following the addition of 13C-enriched bicarbonate and 15N-enriched nitrate to the seawater in the rock pools during the period of the low tide, we sampled macroalgal thalli at incoming tide to determine label uptake rate. After four days, we sampled macroalgal assemblages to determine both label storage capacity and biomass. After one year of removal there was no change in the macroalgal assemblage. However, both the GPP and 13C-carbon storage capacity were higher in the turf-forming Corallina spp. and, sometimes, in the canopy-forming Bifurcaria bifurcata. Nitrogen uptake rate followed similar, but more variable results. Although S. muticum inhibited carbon storage capacity of native species, the assemblage-level 13C-carbon storage was similar in the S. muticum-removed and control rock pools because the presence of the invasive species compensated for the functional loss of native species, particularly at sites where it was most abundant. No obvious effects were observed in relation to the environmental setting. Overall, the effect of the invasive S. muticum on carbon flow appeared to be mediated both by the effects on resource-use efficiency of native species and by its own biomass. Integrating physiological and assemblage-level responses can provide a broad understanding of how invasive species affect recipient communities and ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosa M. Viejo
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Linney Duarte
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fatima Vaz-Pinto
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Caniçal, Madeira Island, Portugal
| | - Ignacio Gestoso
- IIMAR/CIMAR,Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Celia Olabarria
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias del Mar, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
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High diversity of coralline algae in New Zealand revealed: Knowledge gaps and implications for future research. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225645. [PMID: 31790447 PMCID: PMC6886753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coralline algae (Corallinophycideae) are calcifying red algae that are foundation species in euphotic marine habitats globally. In recent years, corallines have received increasing attention due to their vulnerability to global climate change, in particular ocean acidification and warming, and because of the range of ecological functions that coralline algae provide, including provisioning habitat, influencing settlement of invertebrate and other algal species, and stabilising reef structures. Many of the ecological roles corallines perform, as well as their responses to stressors, have been demonstrated to be species-specific. In order to understand the roles and responses of coralline algae, it is essential to be able to reliably distinguish individual species, which are frequently morphologically cryptic. The aim of this study was to document the diversity and distribution of coralline algae in the New Zealand region using DNA based phylogenetic methods, and examine this diversity in a broader global context, discussing the implications and direction for future coralline algal research. Using three independent species delimitation methods, a total of 122 species of coralline algae were identified across the New Zealand region with high diversity found both regionally and also when sampling at small local spatial scales. While high diversity identified using molecular methods mirrors recent global discoveries, what distinguishes the results reported here is the large number of taxa (115) that do not resolve with type material from any genus and/or species. The ability to consistently and accurately distinguish species, and the application of authoritative names, are essential to ensure reproducible science in all areas of research into ecologically important yet vulnerable coralline algae taxa.
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McCoy SJ, Widdicombe S. Thermal plasticity is independent of environmental history in an intertidal seaweed. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:13402-13412. [PMID: 31871653 PMCID: PMC6912923 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Organisms inhabiting the intertidal zone have been used to study natural ecophysiological responses and adaptations to thermal stress because these organisms are routinely exposed to high-temperature conditions for hours at a time. While intertidal organisms may be inherently better at withstanding temperature stress due to regular exposure and acclimation, they could be more vulnerable to temperature stress, already living near the edge of their thermal limits. Strong gradients in thermal stress across the intertidal zone present an opportunity to test whether thermal tolerance is a plastic or canalized trait in intertidal organisms. Here, we studied the intertidal pool-dwelling calcified alga, Ellisolandia elongata, under near-future temperature regimes, and the dependence of its thermal acclimatization response on environmental history. Two timescales of environmental history were tested during this experiment. The intertidal pool of origin was representative of long-term environmental history over the alga's life (including settlement and development), while the pool it was transplanted into accounted for recent environmental history (acclimation over many months). Unexpectedly, neither long-term nor short-term environmental history, nor ambient conditions, affected photosynthetic rates in E. elongata. Individuals were plastic in their photosynthetic response to laboratory temperature treatments (mean 13.2°C, 15.7°C, and 17.7°C). Further, replicate ramets from the same individual were not always consistent in their photosynthetic performance from one experimental time point to another or between treatments and exhibited no clear trend in variability over experimental time. High variability in climate change responses between individuals may indicate the potential for resilience to future conditions and, thus, may play a compensatory role at the population or species level over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie J. McCoy
- Department of Biological ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFLUSA
- Plymouth Marine LaboratoryPlymouthUK
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Cruces E, Rautenberger R, Cubillos VM, Ramírez-Kushel E, Rojas-Lillo Y, Lara C, Montory JA, Gómez I. Interaction of Photoprotective and Acclimation Mechanisms in Ulva rigida (Chlorophyta) in Response to Diurnal Changes in Solar Radiation in Southern Chile. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2019; 55:1011-1027. [PMID: 31222742 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Species of the genus Ulva (Chlorophyta) are regarded as opportunistic organisms, which efficiently adjust their metabolism to the prevailing environmental conditions. In this study, changes in chlorophyll-a fluorescence-based photoinhibition of photosynthesis, electron transport rates, photosynthetic pigments, lipid peroxidation, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant metabolism were investigated during a diurnal cycle of natural solar radiation in summer (for 12 h) under two treatments: photosynthetically active radiation (PAR: 400-700 nm) and PAR+ ultraviolet (UV) radiation (280-700 nm). In the presence of PAR alone, Ulva rigida showed dynamic photoinhibition, and photosynthetic parameters and pigment concentrations decreased with the intensification of the radiation. On the other hand, under PAR+UV conditions a substantial decline up to 43% was detected and an incomplete fluorescence recovery, also, P-I curve values remained low in relation to the initial condition. The phenolic compounds increased their concentration only in UV radiation treatments without showing a correlation with the antioxidant activity. The enzimatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased over 2-fold respect at initial values during the onset of light intensity. In contrast, catalase (CAT) increased its activity rapidly in response to the radiation stress to reach maxima at 10 a.m. and decreasing during solar. The present study suggests that U. rigida is capable of acclimating to natural radiation stress relies on a concerted action of various physiological mechanisms that act at different times of the day and under different levels of environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgardo Cruces
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, General Gana 1780, Santiago, 8370854, Chile
- Centro de Investigaciones Costeras-Universidad de Atacama (CIC-UDA), Universidad de Atacama, Avenida Copayapu 485, Copiapó, Atacama, Chile
| | - Ralf Rautenberger
- Division of Biotechnology and Plant Health, Department of Algae Production, Norwegian Institute for Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Kudalsveien 6, 8027, Bodø, Norway
| | - Víctor Mauricio Cubillos
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Laboratorio Costero de Recursos Acuáticos de Calfuco, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Eduardo Ramírez-Kushel
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Yesenia Rojas-Lillo
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, General Gana 1780, Santiago, 8370854, Chile
| | - Carlos Lara
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, 8370993, Chile
| | | | - Iván Gómez
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Research Center FONDAP Dynamic of High Latitude Marine Ecosystems de (IDEAL), Valdivia, Chile
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Hind KR, Starko S, Burt JM, Lemay MA, Salomon AK, Martone PT. Trophic control of cryptic coralline algal diversity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:15080-15085. [PMID: 31285351 PMCID: PMC6660763 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1900506116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how trophic dynamics drive variation in biodiversity is essential for predicting the outcomes of trophic downgrading across the world's ecosystems. However, assessing the biodiversity of morphologically cryptic lineages can be problematic, yet may be crucial to understanding ecological patterns. Shifts in keystone predation that favor increases in herbivore abundance tend to have negative consequences for the biodiversity of primary producers. However, in nearshore ecosystems, coralline algal cover increases when herbivory is intense, suggesting that corallines may uniquely benefit from trophic downgrading. Because many coralline algal species are morphologically cryptic and their diversity has been globally underestimated, increasing the resolution at which we distinguish species could dramatically alter our conclusions about the consequences of trophic dynamics for this group. In this study, we used DNA barcoding to compare the diversity and composition of cryptic coralline algal assemblages at sites that differ in urchin biomass and keystone predation by sea otters. We show that while coralline cover is greater in urchin-dominated sites (or "barrens"), which are subject to intense grazing, coralline assemblages in these urchin barrens are significantly less diverse than in kelp forests and are dominated by only 1 or 2 species. These findings clarify how food web structure relates to coralline community composition and reconcile patterns of total coralline cover with the widely documented pattern that keystone predation promotes biodiversity. Shifts in coralline diversity and distribution associated with transitions from kelp forests to urchin barrens could have ecosystem-level effects that would be missed by ignoring cryptic species' identities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine R Hind
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
- Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, BC, Canada V0P 1H0
| | - Samuel Starko
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
- Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, BC, Canada V0P 1H0
| | - Jenn M Burt
- Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, BC, Canada V0P 1H0
- School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6
| | | | - Anne K Salomon
- Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, BC, Canada V0P 1H0
- School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6
| | - Patrick T Martone
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4;
- Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, BC, Canada V0P 1H0
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Olabarria C, Arenas F, Fernández Á, Troncoso JS, Martínez B. Physiological responses to variations in grazing and light conditions in native and invasive fucoids. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 139:151-161. [PMID: 29793731 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Poor physiological acclimatization to climate change has led to shifts in the distributional ranges of various species and to biodiversity loss. However, evidence also suggests the relevance of non-climatic physical factors, such as light, and biotic factors, which may act in interactive or additive way. We used a mechanistic approach to evaluate the ecophysiological responses of four seaweed species (three dominant intertidal fucoids, Fucus serratus, Ascophyllum nodosum, Bifurcaria bifurcata, and the invasive Sargassum muticum) to different conditions of grazing, light irradiance and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. We performed a large-scale mesocosm experiment with a total of 800 individual thalli of macroalgae. The factorial experimental design included major algal traits, photoacclimation, nutrient stoichiometry and chemical defence as response variables. Few significant effects of the factors acting alone or in combination were observed, suggesting a good capacity for acclimatization in all four species. The significant effects were generally additive and there were no potentially deleterious synergistic effects between factors. Fucus serratus, a species currently undergoing a drastic contraction of its southern distribution limit in Europe, was the most strongly affected species, showing overall lower photosynthetic efficiency than the other species. The growth rate of F. serratus decreased when UV radiation was filtered out, but only in the presence of grazers. Moreover, more individuals of this species tended to reach maturity in the absence of grazers, and the nitrogen content of tissues decreased under full-spectrum light. Only the phlorotannin content of tissues of B. bifurcata and of exudates of A. nodosum, both slow-growing species, were positively affected by respectively removal of UVB radiation and the presence of grazers. The findings for S. muticum, a well-established invasive seaweed across European coasts, suggested similar physiological response of this fast-growing species to different levels of grazing activity and light quality/intensity. As expected, this species grew faster than the other species. Bifurcaria bifurcata and A. nodosum only showed minor effects of light quality and grazing on phlorotannins content, which suggests good resistance of these two long-lived species to the experimental conditions. Mechanistic approaches that are designed to analyse interactive effects of physical and biotic factors provide an understanding of physiological responses of species and help to improve the confidence of predictive distribution models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Olabarria
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias Experimentais, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Francisco Arenas
- Aquatic Ecology & Evolution Group, Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal Cruzeiros Porto Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Ángela Fernández
- Aquatic Ecology & Evolution Group, Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal Cruzeiros Porto Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Jesús S Troncoso
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias Experimentais, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Brezo Martínez
- Area de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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Trevathan-Tackett SM, Kelleway J, Macreadie PI, Beardall J, Ralph P, Bellgrove A. Comparison of marine macrophytes for their contributions to blue carbon sequestration. Ecology 2015; 96:3043-57. [DOI: 10.1890/15-0149.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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McCoy SJ, Kamenos NA. Coralline algae (Rhodophyta) in a changing world: integrating ecological, physiological, and geochemical responses to global change. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2015; 51:6-24. [PMID: 26986255 PMCID: PMC4964943 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Coralline algae are globally distributed benthic primary producers that secrete calcium carbonate skeletons. In the context of ocean acidification, they have received much recent attention due to the potential vulnerability of their high-Mg calcite skeletons and their many important ecological roles. Herein, we summarize what is known about coralline algal ecology and physiology, providing context to understand their responses to global climate change. We review the impacts of these changes, including ocean acidification, rising temperatures, and pollution, on coralline algal growth and calcification. We also assess the ongoing use of coralline algae as marine climate proxies via calibration of skeletal morphology and geochemistry to environmental conditions. Finally, we indicate critical gaps in our understanding of coralline algal calcification and physiology and highlight key areas for future research. These include analytical areas that recently have become more accessible, such as resolving phylogenetic relationships at all taxonomic ranks, elucidating the genes regulating algal photosynthesis and calcification, and calibrating skeletal geochemical metrics, as well as research directions that are broadly applicable to global change ecology, such as the importance of community-scale and long-term experiments in stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie J McCoy
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Chicago, 1101 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA
| | - Nicholas A Kamenos
- School of Geographical and Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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