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Impaired microtubule dynamics contribute to microthrombocytopenia in RhoB-deficient mice. Blood Adv 2022; 6:5184-5197. [PMID: 35819450 PMCID: PMC9631634 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
RhoB-deficient mice display microthrombocytopenia. RhoB exerts nonredundant functions in the megakaryocyte lineage compared with RhoA and regulates microtubule dynamics.
Megakaryocytes are large cells in the bone marrow that give rise to blood platelets. Platelet biogenesis involves megakaryocyte maturation, the localization of the mature cells in close proximity to bone marrow sinusoids, and the formation of protrusions, which are elongated and shed within the circulation. Rho GTPases play important roles in platelet biogenesis and function. RhoA-deficient mice display macrothrombocytopenia and a striking mislocalization of megakaryocytes into bone marrow sinusoids and a specific defect in G-protein signaling in platelets. However, the role of the closely related protein RhoB in megakaryocytes or platelets remains unknown. In this study, we show that, in contrast to RhoA deficiency, genetic ablation of RhoB in mice results in microthrombocytopenia (decreased platelet count and size). RhoB-deficient platelets displayed mild functional defects predominantly upon induction of the collagen/glycoprotein VI pathway. Megakaryocyte maturation and localization within the bone marrow, as well as actin dynamics, were not affected in the absence of RhoB. However, in vitro–generated proplatelets revealed pronouncedly impaired microtubule organization. Furthermore, RhoB-deficient platelets and megakaryocytes displayed selective defects in microtubule dynamics/stability, correlating with reduced levels of acetylated α-tubulin. Our findings imply that the reduction of this tubulin posttranslational modification results in impaired microtubule dynamics, which might contribute to microthrombocytopenia in RhoB-deficient mice. Importantly, we demonstrate that RhoA and RhoB are localized differently and have selective, nonredundant functions in the megakaryocyte lineage.
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Mbiandjeu S, Balduini A, Malara A. Megakaryocyte Cytoskeletal Proteins in Platelet Biogenesis and Diseases. Thromb Haemost 2021; 122:666-678. [PMID: 34218430 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Thrombopoiesis governs the formation of blood platelets in bone marrow by converting megakaryocytes into long, branched proplatelets on which individual platelets are assembled. The megakaryocyte cytoskeleton responds to multiple microenvironmental cues, including chemical and mechanical stimuli, sustaining the platelet shedding. During the megakaryocyte's life cycle, cytoskeletal networks organize cell shape and content, connect them physically and biochemically to the bone marrow vascular niche, and enable the release of platelets into the bloodstream. While the basic building blocks of the cytoskeleton have been studied extensively, new sets of cytoskeleton regulators have emerged as critical components of the dynamic protein network that supports platelet production. Understanding how the interaction of individual molecules of the cytoskeleton governs megakaryocyte behavior is essential to improve knowledge of platelet biogenesis and develop new therapeutic strategies for inherited thrombocytopenias caused by alterations in the cytoskeletal genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Mbiandjeu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Egot M, Lasne D, Poirault-Chassac S, Mirault T, Pidard D, Dreano E, Elie C, Gandrille S, Marchelli A, Baruch D, Rendu J, Fauré J, Flaujac C, Gratacap MP, Sié P, Gaussem P, Salomon R, Baujat G, Bachelot-Loza C. Role of oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe (OCRL) protein in megakaryocyte maturation, platelet production and functions: a study in patients with Lowe syndrome. Br J Haematol 2021; 192:909-921. [PMID: 33528045 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lowe syndrome (LS) is an oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe (OCRL1) genetic disorder resulting in a defect of the OCRL protein, a phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase containing various domains including a Rho GTPase-activating protein (RhoGAP) homology domain catalytically inactive. We previously reported surgery-associated bleeding in patients with LS, suggestive of platelet dysfunction, accompanied with a mild thrombocytopenia in several patients. To decipher the role of OCRL in platelet functions and in megakaryocyte (MK) maturation, we conducted a case-control study on 15 patients with LS (NCT01314560). While all had a drastically reduced expression of OCRL, this deficiency did not affect platelet aggregability, but resulted in delayed thrombus formation on collagen under flow conditions, defective platelet spreading on fibrinogen and impaired clot retraction. We evidenced alterations of the myosin light chain phosphorylation (P-MLC), with defective Rac1 activity and, inversely, elevated active RhoA. Altered cytoskeleton dynamics was also observed in cultured patient MKs showing deficient proplatelet extension with increased P-MLC that was confirmed using control MKs transfected with OCRL-specific small interfering(si)RNA (siOCRL). Patients with LS also had an increased proportion of circulating barbell-shaped proplatelets. Our present study establishes that a deficiency of the OCRL protein results in a defective actomyosin cytoskeleton reorganisation in both MKs and platelets, altering both thrombopoiesis and some platelet responses to activation necessary to ensure haemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Egot
- Université de Paris, Innovations Thérapeutiques en Hémostase, Paris, INSERM U1140, France
| | - Dominique Lasne
- Université de Paris, Innovations Thérapeutiques en Hémostase, Paris, INSERM U1140, France.,AP-HP, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Sonia Poirault-Chassac
- Université de Paris, Innovations Thérapeutiques en Hémostase, Paris, INSERM U1140, France
| | - Tristan Mirault
- Université de Paris, Innovations Thérapeutiques en Hémostase, Paris, INSERM U1140, France.,AP-HP, Service de Médecine Vasculaire, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Pidard
- Université de Paris, Innovations Thérapeutiques en Hémostase, Paris, INSERM U1140, France
| | - Elise Dreano
- Université de Paris, Innovations Thérapeutiques en Hémostase, Paris, INSERM U1140, France
| | - Caroline Elie
- AP-HP, Unité de Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Gandrille
- Université de Paris, Innovations Thérapeutiques en Hémostase, Paris, INSERM U1140, France
| | - Aurore Marchelli
- Université de Paris, Innovations Thérapeutiques en Hémostase, Paris, INSERM U1140, France
| | - Dominique Baruch
- Université de Paris, Innovations Thérapeutiques en Hémostase, Paris, INSERM U1140, France
| | - John Rendu
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Julien Fauré
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Flaujac
- Centre hospitalier de Versailles, André Mignot, Service de Biologie Médicale, Secteur Hémostase, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Gratacap
- INSERM U1048 and Université Toulouse 3, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), CHU-Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Sié
- INSERM U1048 and Université Toulouse 3, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), CHU-Rangueil, Toulouse, France.,CHU de Toulouse, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascale Gaussem
- Université de Paris, Innovations Thérapeutiques en Hémostase, Paris, INSERM U1140, France.,AP-HP, Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Rémi Salomon
- AP-HP, Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, INSERM U983, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Baujat
- AP-HP, Service de Génétique, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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Wakefield BJ, Diehl R, Neff AT, Bakdash S, Pettersson GB, Mehta AR. Perioperative Management of a Patient With Profound Thrombocytopenia Secondary to MYH9-RD Presenting for Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Repair and Aortic Valve Replacement. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 35:1154-1160. [PMID: 32861542 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brett J Wakefield
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
| | - Rachel Diehl
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Anne T Neff
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Suzanne Bakdash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section of Transfusion Medicine, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Gosta B Pettersson
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Anand R Mehta
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
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Platelet communication with the vascular wall: role of platelet-derived microparticles and non-coding RNAs. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1875-1888. [PMID: 30185611 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Platelets play an important role in vascular homeostasis through their interaction with circulating blood cells as well as the vascular wall. Platelet-mediated communication with other cells can take the form of direct cell-cell interactions via membrane receptors or indirectly through the release of different soluble factors stored in their granules as well as through the release of microparticles. The latter carry different proteins and RNAs which are transferred to the target cells. The aim of this review is to discuss the role of platelet-derived factors, adhesion molecules as well as RNAs as mediators of the cross-talk between platelets and the vessel wall.
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Pecci A, Ma X, Savoia A, Adelstein RS. MYH9: Structure, functions and role of non-muscle myosin IIA in human disease. Gene 2018; 664:152-167. [PMID: 29679756 PMCID: PMC5970098 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The MYH9 gene encodes the heavy chain of non-muscle myosin IIA, a widely expressed cytoplasmic myosin that participates in a variety of processes requiring the generation of intracellular chemomechanical force and translocation of the actin cytoskeleton. Non-muscle myosin IIA functions are regulated by phosphorylation of its 20 kDa light chain, of the heavy chain, and by interactions with other proteins. Variants of MYH9 cause an autosomal-dominant disorder, termed MYH9-related disease, and may be involved in other conditions, such as chronic kidney disease, non-syndromic deafness, and cancer. This review discusses the structure of the MYH9 gene and its protein, as well as the regulation and physiologic functions of non-muscle myosin IIA with particular reference to embryonic development. Moreover, the review focuses on current knowledge about the role of MYH9 variants in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pecci
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Xuefei Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10 Room 6C-103B, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1583, USA.
| | - Anna Savoia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, via Dell'Istria, 65/1, I-34137 Trieste, Italy; IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, via Dell'Istria, 65/1, I-34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Robert S Adelstein
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10 Room 6C-103B, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1583, USA.
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Zhai K, Zheng J, Tang Y, Li F, Lv Y, Zhang Y, Gao Z, Qi J, Yu B, Kou J. The saponin D39 blocks dissociation of non-muscular myosin heavy chain IIA from TNF receptor 2, suppressing tissue factor expression and venous thrombosis. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:2818-2831. [PMID: 28547925 PMCID: PMC5554322 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Non-muscular myosin heavy chain IIA (NMMHC IIA) plays a key role in tissue factor expression and venous thrombosis. Natural products might inhibit thrombosis through effects on NMMHC IIA. Here, we have shown that a natural saponin, D39, from Liriope muscari exerted anti-thrombotic activity in vivo, by targeting NMMHC IIA. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Expression and activity of tissue factor in endothelial cells were analysed in vitro by Western blot and simplified chromogenic assays. Interactions between D39 and NMMHC IIA were assessed by serial affinity chromatography and molecular docking analysis. D39-dependent interactions between NMMHC IIA and TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) were measured by immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays. Anti-thrombotic activity of D39 in vivo was evaluated with a model of inferior vena cava ligation injury in mice. KEY RESULTS D39 inhibited tissue factor expression and procoagulant activities in HUVECs and decreased thrombus weight in inferior vena cava-ligated mice dose-dependently. Serial affinity chromatography and molecular docking analysis suggested that D39 bound to NMMHC IIA. In HEK293T cells, D39 inhibited tissue factor expression evoked by NMMHC IIA overexpression. This effect was blocked by NMMHC IIA knockdown in HUVECs. D39 inhibited dissociation of NMMHC IIA from TNFR2, which subsequently modulated the Akt/GSK3β-NF-κB signalling pathways. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS D39 inhibited tissue factor expression and thrombus formation by modulating the Akt/GSK3β and NF-κB signalling pathways through NMMHC IIA. We identified a new natural product that targeted NMMHC IIA, as a potential treatment for thrombotic disorders and other vasculopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke‐feng Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biological and Food EngineeringSuzhou UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jin‐rong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - You‐mei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yan‐ni Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yuan‐yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhen Gao
- Department of Medicine‐Ather&LipoBaylor Colledge of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Jin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Bo‐yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jun‐ping Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
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Zhou W, Fan MY, Wei YX, Huang S, Chen JY, Liu P. The expression of MYH9 in osteosarcoma and its effect on the migration and invasion abilities of tumor cell. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:597-600. [PMID: 27262074 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the expression of non-muscle myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) in osteosarcoma and its effect on the migration and invasion abilities of tumor cell. METHODS A total of 65 cases of osteosarcoma and 20 cases with benign osteochondroma who underwent resection operation in the Orthopaedics Department of our hospital from January 1st 2009 to January 1st 2015 were selected. Their mRNA levels of MYH9 were tested by qrt-PCR. Immunohistochemical method was used to examine the expression of MYH9 in osteosarcoma and the correlation between the positive expression of MYH9 and the clinicopathological features of patients was illustrated by statistical analysis. MYH9 was compounded artificially. The expression of MYH9 in SAOS2 osteosarcoma cells was decreased by siRNA. Scratch test was used to determine the change of SAOS2 cell migration ability after MYH9 silence. Transwell assay was employed to detect the change of cell invasion ability after MYH9 silence. RESULTS The expression levels of mRNA of MYH9 and protein in osteosarcoma tissues were significantly higher than those in benign osteochondroma tissues. The high expression of MYH9 in osteosarcoma tissues was apparently related to the high Enneking classification (III classification) and lung metastasis. SiRNA of MYH9 could evidently decrease the expression level of MYH9 in SAOS2. The down-regulated expression of MYH9 could inhibit the migration and invasion abilities of SAOS2 cells. CONCLUSIONS MYH9 shows a trend of high expression in osteosarcoma tissues, and its high expression is associated with features such as tumor invasion and metastasis. The down-regulated MYH9 can realize an anti-tumor effect by inhibiting the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liyuan Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, Hubei, China
| | - Ming-Yu Fan
- Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - You-Xiu Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liyuan Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, Hubei, China
| | - Song Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liyuan Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, Hubei, China
| | - Jing-You Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liyuan Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liyuan Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, Hubei, China.
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