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August K, Davison M, Bortoluzzi C. The genome sequence of the northern goshawk, Accipiter gentilis (Linnaeus, 1758). Wellcome Open Res 2022; 7:122. [PMID: 35493200 PMCID: PMC9020535 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17821.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a genome assembly from an individual female Accipiter gentilis (the northern goshawk; Chordata; Aves; Accipitriformes; Accipitridae). The genome sequence is 1,398 megabases in span. The majority of the assembly (99.98%) is scaffolded into 40 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the W and Z chromosomes assembled. The complete mitochondrial genome was also assembled and is 16.6 kilobases in length.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Davison
- Northumberland and Tyneside Bird Club, Northumberland, UK
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Nebel C, Sumasgutner P, Rodseth E, Ingle RA, Childs DZ, Curtis‐Scott O, Amar A. Multigenerational pedigree analysis of wild individually marked black sparrowhawks suggests that dark plumage coloration is a dominant autosomal trait. J Zool (1987) 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Nebel
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DSI‐NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
- Department of Biology University of Turku Turku Finland
| | - P. Sumasgutner
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DSI‐NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
- Department of Behavioral & Cognitive Biology Konrad Lorenz Research Centre (KLF) Core Facility for Behaviour and Cognition University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - E. Rodseth
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - R. A. Ingle
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - D. Z. Childs
- School of Biosciences University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | - O. Curtis‐Scott
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - A. Amar
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DSI‐NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
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Pârâu LG, Wink M. Common patterns in the molecular phylogeography of western palearctic birds: a comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY 2021; 162:937-959. [PMID: 34007780 PMCID: PMC8118378 DOI: 10.1007/s10336-021-01893-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A plethora of studies have offered crucial insights in the phylogeographic status of Western Palearctic bird species. However, an overview integrating all this information and analyzing the combined results is still missing. In this study, we compiled all published peer-reviewed and grey literature available on the phylogeography of Western Palearctic bird species. Our literature review indicates a total number of 198 studies, with the overwhelming majority published as journal articles (n = 186). In total, these literature items offer information on 145 bird species. 85 of these species are characterized by low genetic differentiation, 46 species indicate genetic variation but no geographic structuring i.e. panmixia, while 14 species show geographically distinct lineages and haplotypes. Majority of bird species inhabiting the Western Palearctic display genetic admixture. The glaciation cycles in the past few million years were pivotal factors in shaping this situation: during warm periods many species expanded their distribution range to the north over wide areas of Eurasia; whereas, during ice ages most areas were no longer suitable and species retreated to refugia, where lineages mixed. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10336-021-01893-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liviu G. Pârâu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Department Biology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 4 OG, Heidelberg, Germany
- Present Address: SARS-CoV-2 Data Evaluation Office, Eurofins Genomics Europe Applied Genomics GmbH, Anzinger Straße 7a, 85560 Ebersberg, Germany
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Department Biology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 4 OG, Heidelberg, Germany
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Exploring the Variability of Tropical Savanna Tree Structural Allometry with Terrestrial Laser Scanning. REMOTE SENSING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rs12233893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Individual tree carbon stock estimates typically rely on allometric scaling relationships established between field-measured stem diameter (DBH) and destructively harvested biomass. The use of DBH-based allometric equations to estimate the carbon stored over larger areas therefore, assumes that tree architecture, including branching and crown structures, are consistent for a given DBH, and that minor variations cancel out at the plot scale. We aimed to explore the degree of structural variation present at the individual tree level across a range of size-classes. We used terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) to measure the 3D structure of each tree in a 1 ha savanna plot, with coincident field-inventory. We found that stem reconstructions from TLS captured both the spatial distribution pattern and the DBH of individual trees with high confidence when compared with manual measurements (R2 = 0.98, RMSE = 0.0102 m). Our exploration of the relationship between DBH, crown size and tree height revealed significant variability in savanna tree crown structure (measured as crown area). These findings question the reliability of DBH-based allometric equations for adequately representing diversity in tree architecture, and therefore carbon storage, in tropical savannas. However, adoption of TLS outside environmental research has been slow due to considerable capital cost and monitoring programs often continue to rely on sub-plot monitoring and traditional allometric equations. A central aspect of our study explores the utility of a lower-cost TLS system not generally used for vegetation surveys. We discuss the potential benefits of alternative TLS-based approaches, such as explicit modelling of tree structure or voxel-based analyses, to capture the diverse 3D structures of savanna trees. Our research highlights structural heterogeneity as a source of uncertainty in savanna tree carbon estimates and demonstrates the potential for greater inclusion of cost-effective TLS technology in national monitoring programs.
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Nebel C, Sumasgutner P, McPherson SC, Tate GJ, Amar A. Contrasting parental color morphs increase regularity of prey deliveries in an African raptor. Behav Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araa063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Disassortative mating in color-polymorphic raptors is a proposed mechanism for the maintenance of color polymorphism in populations. Selection for such a mating system may occur if there are fitness advantages of mating with a contrasting morph. In the black sparrowhawk (Accipiter melanoleucus), mixed-morph pairs may have a selective advantage because they produce offspring that have higher survival rates. Two hypotheses, which may explain the mechanism, are the “avoidance-image” and “complementarity” hypotheses. The first suggests that, within a predator’s territory, prey develop a search image for the more commonly encountered parental morph, for example, the male morph during incubation and brooding. Females of a contrasting morph to their partner would then have higher capture rates once they commence hunting in the later nestling phase. Thus, the “avoidance-image” hypothesis predicts higher provisioning rates for mixed-morph pairs. Alternatively, the “complementarity” hypothesis posits that different color morphs exploit different environmental conditions, allowing mixed-morph pairs to hunt under a wider range of conditions and predicts that food is delivered more consistently. We test these hypotheses using nest cameras to record prey delivery rates during the late nestling phase when both parents are hunting. We found support for the “complementarity” hypothesis, with mixed-morph pairs delivering food more consistently but not at a higher rate. This higher consistency in prey deliveries may explain the improved survival of the offspring of mixed-morph pairs and could, therefore, play a role in maintaining the stability of color polymorphism in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Nebel
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, John Day Building, 7700 Rondebosch, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Petra Sumasgutner
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, John Day Building, 7700 Rondebosch, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
- Konrad Lorenz Research Centre, Core Facility for Behaviour and Cognition, University of Vienna, Fischerau 11, 4645 Grünau/Almtal, Austria
| | - Shane C McPherson
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, John Day Building, 7700 Rondebosch, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
- Konrad Lorenz Research Centre, Core Facility for Behaviour and Cognition, University of Vienna, Fischerau 11, 4645 Grünau/Almtal, Austria
| | - Gareth J Tate
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, John Day Building, 7700 Rondebosch, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
- Endangered Wildlife Trust, Birds of Prey Programme, Glen Austin AH, Midrand, 1685 Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Arjun Amar
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, John Day Building, 7700 Rondebosch, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
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