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Kanda T, Srivastava R, Yadav S, Singh N, Prajapati R, Singh PK, Yadav S, Atri N. Pretilachlor-induced physiological, biochemical and morphological changes in Indian paddy field agroecosystem inhabited Anabaena doliolum. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117201. [PMID: 37775005 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Pretilachlor is a systemic, pre-emergence herbicide applied in the paddy fields to kill narrow and broadleaf weeds. The present study evaluates the toxicity of pretilachlor on the non-target diazotrophic free-living cyanobacterium Anabaena doliolum, commonly found in the paddy fields of eastern Uttar Pradesh (India) and used as a biofertilizer. A.doliolum was subjected to several doses (0, 2, 5, 7, 10, 20 and 40 μg/ml) of pretilachlor and its effects were examined in terms of alterations in cellular morphology, ultrastructure, physiology, and biochemical attributes. The treatment of pretilachlor decreased the growth, total pigment content and photosynthetic efficiency of the test organism in a dose-dependent manner. The decline in growth was observed on 20th day at 2, 5, 7, 10, 20 and 40 μg/ml of pretilachlor concentration by 4, 9, 26, 47, 71 and 92%, respectively. Furthermore, Chlorophyll a and phycocyanin levels were noticeably declined. As a result, the photosynthetic performance also registered a similar decline as measured by chlorophyll fluorescence. However, carotenoid content increased by 13%, 41% and 53% at 5, 10 and 20 μg/ml on 5th day reflecting its protective property. A marked increase in fluorescence intensity and malondialdehyde content by 2.65 and 2.45 folds at 10 and 20 μg/ml on 7th day was registered. The enzymatic antioxidants (SOD and CAT) and a concurrent increase in glutathione reductase activity were registered (1.75 and 2.11-fold at 20 and 40 μg/ml on 5th day), indicating pretilachlor mediated ROS generation. Moreover, ultrastructural studies done by SEM and TEM revealed plasma membrane and thylakoid membrane damage and fragmentation. These findings have contributed to the broader comprehension of the stress responses triggered by pretilachlor in cyanobacteria. Moreover, they can aid in the evaluation of the detrimental impact of pretilachlor on A. doliolum, given their crucial function as a nitrogen contributor in paddy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Kanda
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India
| | - Rupanshee Srivastava
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India
| | - Sadhana Yadav
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India
| | - Rajesh Prajapati
- Department of Botany, Government College of Art's and Commerce, Beohari, Shahdol, M.P, 48774, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University (A Central University), Pacchunga University College Campus, Aizawl, 796001, Mizoram, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P., 211002, India.
| | - Neelam Atri
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India.
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Tunca H, Doğru A, Köçkar F, Kiliç HE, Sevindik TO. Oxidative stress in Arthrospira platensis by two organophosphate pesticides. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20200463. [PMID: 37729300 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320200463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it is known that organophosphate insecticides are harmfull to aquatic ecosystems, oxidative damages caused by Dimethoate and Chlorpyrifos are not studied on Arthrospira platensis Gomont. In this study, various Chlorpyrifos (0-150 µg mL-1) and Dimethoate (0-250 µg mL-1) concentrations were added to the culture medium in laboratory to evaulate growth rate, chlorophyll-a content and antioxidant parameters of A. platensis. Optical Density (OD560) and chlorophyll-a decreased compared to the control for seven days in both pesticide applications. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased at 50 µg mL-1 Chlorpyrifos concentration but it decreased at all concentrations. Although Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities increased with Chlorpyrifos application, they did not change with Dimethoate application. Malondialdehyde (MDA) amount decreased at 150 µg mL-1 Chlorpyrifos concentration but it increased in Dimethoate application. The H2O2 content were increased in both applications. Proline decreased in 50 and 75 µg mL-1 Chlorpyrifos concentrations and increased at 150 µg mL-1 concentration, while it increased at 25 µg mL-1 Dimethoate concentration. The results were tested at 0.05 significance level. These pesticides inhibit A. platensis growth and chlorophyll-a production and cause oxidative stress. The excessive use may affect the phytoplankton and have negative consequences in the aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Tunca
- Sakarya University, Science Faculty, Biology Department, Esentepe Campus, Serdivan, 54187, Sakarya, Turkiye
| | - Ali Doğru
- Sakarya University, Science Faculty, Biology Department, Esentepe Campus, Serdivan, 54187, Sakarya, Turkiye
| | - Feray Köçkar
- Balıkesir University, Arts and Science Faculty, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Cagil Campus, 10145, Balıkesir, Turkiye
| | - Hediye E Kiliç
- Sakarya University, Science Faculty, Biology Department, Esentepe Campus, Serdivan, 54187, Sakarya, Turkiye
| | - Tuğba O Sevindik
- Sakarya University, Science Faculty, Biology Department, Esentepe Campus, Serdivan, 54187, Sakarya, Turkiye
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Jiang Y, Fang Y, Liu Y, Liu B, Zhang J. Community succession during the preventive control of cyanobacterial bloom by hydrogen peroxide in an aquatic microcosm. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 237:113546. [PMID: 35468443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an environmentally friendly algaecide with good prospects for cyanobacterial bloom control. In this study, 0.2-1.5 mg L-1 of H2O2 was applied to an aquatic microcosm containing cyanobacteria, bacteria, and eukaryotic phytoplankton at the early cyanobacterial growth stage·H2O2 generated hormesis in cyanobacteria at 0.2 mg L-1; significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited cyanobacterial growth, cyanobacterial photosynthesis, and microcystin production at 0.5-1.5 mg L-1; and effectively prevented the formation of cyanobacterial bloom without generating adverse effects on eukaryotic phytoplankton at 1.0 and 1.5 mg L-1. Application of 0.5-1.5 mg L-1 H2O2 directly inhibited the abundance of five typical bloom-forming cyanobacterial genera (Microcystis, Anabeana, Synechococcus, Nostoc, and Oscillatoria), which were negatively correlated with four bacterial genera (Actinotalea, Flavobacterium, Fluviicola, and Exiguobacterium) and five eukaryotic phytoplankton genera (Cyclotella, Desmodesmus, Dinobryon, Fragilaria, and Mychonastes) and positively correlated with six proteobacterial genera (Brevundimonas, Devosia, Limnohabitans, Porphyrobacter, Pseudomonas, and Rhodobacter). After application of 1.0 and 1.5 mg L-1 H2O2 for 15 days, H2O2-treated groups showed significantly (p < 0.05) different prokaryotic community structures from that of the control group at the bloom stage (15th day), while eukaryotic community structures in H2O2-treated groups remained stable and showed high similarity with that of the control group at a non-bloom stage (5th day). Application of low-dose H2O2 during the early cyanobacterial growth stage could effectively prevent the formation of cyanobacterial blooms without disrupting non-target organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Youshuai Fang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China.
| | - Binhua Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
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Chanu NK, Mandal MK, Srivastava A, Chaurasia N. Proteomics analysis reveals several metabolic alterations in cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. NC-K1 in response to alpha-cypermethrin exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:19762-19777. [PMID: 34718975 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, the effect of the EC50 and LC90 concentrations of pyrethroid insecticide alpha-cypermethrin to cyanobacteria Anabaena sp. NC-K1 was investigated at different time exposures (1st day, 4th day and 7th day) with reference to growth, photosynthetic pigments, oxidative damage and antioxidant defence system. Superoxide dismutase (1.38-fold), peroxidase (5.04) and proline content (2.27-fold) were enhanced compared to the control. After performing 2D gel electrophoresis at 1st day EC50 exposure, where appropriate differences in the biochemical and physiological parameters were observed, 22 differentially accumulated proteins (20 upregulated and 2 downregulated) were selected for mass spectrometry. Out of 42 proteins identified, 20 upregulated protein spots were classified into twelve categories according to their metabolic functions. Proteins related to photosynthesis (phycobilisome rod-core linker polypeptide, rubisco), stress responses (Hsp70, Hsp40, catalase family peroxidase), translation (elongation factor Tu) and amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism (3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyl transferase) were significantly upregulated. Additionally, proteins involved in transcription and DNA repair (Snf-2 histone linker phd ring helicase, RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoD and Holliday junction ATP-dependent DNA helicase RuvA) were considerably upregulated. Upregulation of these proteins against pesticide stress presumably maintained the photosynthesis, energy metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, transport and signalling proteins, transcription, translation and DNA repair. Additionally, these proteins might involve in sufficient detoxification of ROS and play a crucial role in damage removal and repair of oxidized proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Taken together, Anabaena sp. NC-K1 responded towards alpha-cypermethrin stress via modulating its proteome to maintain its cellular metabolism and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ng Kunjarani Chanu
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India
| | - Madan Kumar Mandal
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India
| | - Akanksha Srivastava
- Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Neha Chaurasia
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India.
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Tiwari B, Singh P, Chakraborty S, Singh SS, Mishra AK. Degrading ability and robust antioxidative defence system led to SDS tolerance in cyanobacterium Fischerella sp. lmga1. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2021; 56:962-968. [PMID: 34693893 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2021.1992229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To test the tolerance and degradation potential of the cyanobacterium Fischerella sp. lmga1 for surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), different doses of SDS (10, 30, 40, 50, 70 and 100 µM) were used for the growth. The lower doses of SDS supported the growth of cyanobacterium whereas the higher doses were found to be inhibitory but the cyanobacterium somehow managed its survival up to 100 µM SDS. However, a significant reduction was observed in the pigment and protein content. A substantial accumulation of carbohydrate at 70 µM SDS may act as an osmoprotectant for the survival of the cyanobacterium. The higher doses of SDS also triggered the ROS generation and lipid peroxidation which showed negative impact on the PSII efficiency. Simultaneously, an efficient ROS mitigation system (SOD and CAT activity) has also been worked up to 70 µM SDS while APX was enhanced only up to 50 µM SDS. Furthermore, the SDS degrading potential was investigated and almost 80% of the SDS was degraded after 6th days of treatment in the cyanobacterium. Hence, the results suggested that due to robust antioxidative defence system and ability to degrade the surfactant this cyanobacterium showed significant tolerance toward SDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balkrishna Tiwari
- Genetics and Tree Improvement Division, Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Prashansha Singh
- Laboratory of Microbial Genetics, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sindhunath Chakraborty
- Laboratory of Microbial Genetics, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Satya Shila Singh
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Systematics and Stress Biology, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Arun Kumar Mishra
- Laboratory of Microbial Genetics, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Kaur I, Goyal D, Agnihotri S. Formulation of cartap hydrochloride crosslinked chitosan tripolyphosphate nanospheres and its characterization. Colloid Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-021-04866-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Lu C, Yang Z, Liu J, Liao Q, Ling W, Waigi MG, Odinga ES. Chlorpyrifos inhibits nitrogen fixation in rice-vegetated soil containing Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 256:127098. [PMID: 32470732 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos, a common organophosphorus pesticide, is widely used for agricultural pest control and can inhibit nitrogen-fixing bacteria biomass in paddy. In this study, the additions of chlorpyrifos (1 and 8 mg kg-1) to soil, with or without Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501, resulted in a significant decrease in nitrogen fixation, despite insignificant effects on the abundances of P. stutzeri A1501 and bacteria in soil. Toxic effect of chlorpyrifos on P. stutzeri A1501 nitrogenase activity in medium was also observed, accompanied by a significant reduction in the expression of nitrogen-fixing related genes (nifA and nifH). Furthermore, rhizosphere colonization and biofilm formation by P. stutzeri A1501 were repressed by chlorpyrifos, leading to decreased nitrogenase activity in the rhizosphere. Biofilm formation in medium was inhibited by bacterial hyperkinesis and reduction of extracellular polymeric substance, including exopolysaccharides and proteins. Together, these findings showed that chlorpyrifos-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which was directly responsible for reduced nitrogenase activity in the medium, soil, and rhizosphere by inhibiting the expressions of nitrogen-fixing related genes. Furthermore, the inhibition of biofilm formation by chlorpyrifos or ROS likely aggravated the reduction in rhizospherere nitrogenase activity. These findings provide potentially valuable insights into the toxicity of chlorpyrifos on nitrogen-fixing bacteria and its mechanisms. Furthermore, for sustainable rice production, it is necessary to evaluate whether other pesticides affect nitrogen fixation and select pesticides that do not inhibit nitrogen fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lu
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhimin Yang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qihang Liao
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wanting Ling
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Michael Gatheru Waigi
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Emmanuel Stephen Odinga
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Correlating the influence of biochemical parameters in environment with pesticide tolerance of non-target algae. Biologia (Bratisl) 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-020-00568-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Wang J, Xue R, Ju X, Yan H, Gao Z, Esmail Abdalla Elzaki M, Hu L, Zeng R, Song Y. Silicon-mediated multiple interactions: Simultaneous induction of rice defense and inhibition of larval performance and insecticide tolerance of Chilo suppressalis by sodium silicate. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:4816-4827. [PMID: 32551063 PMCID: PMC7297785 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The rice striped stem borer (SSB, Chilo suppressalis) is one of the most destructive pests of rice plants. Si-mediated rice defense against various pests has been widely reported, and sodium silicate (SS) has been used as an effective source of silicon for application to plants. However, there is quite limited information about the direct effects of Si application on herbivorous insects. SSB larval performance and their insecticide tolerance were examined after they had been reared either on rice plants cultivated in nutrient solution containing 0.5 and 2.0 mM SS or on artificial diets with 0.1% and 0.5% SS. SS amendment in either rice culture medium or artificial diets significantly suppressed the enzymatic activities of acetylcholinesterase, glutathione S-transferases, and levels of cytochrome P450 protein in the midgut of C. suppressalis larvae. Larvae fed on diets containing SS showed lower insecticide tolerance. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis showed that SS-mediated larval insecticide tolerance was closely associated with fatty acid biosynthesis and pyruvate metabolism pathways. Our results suggest that Si not only enhances plant resistance against insect herbivore, but also impairs the insect's capacity to detoxify the insecticides. This should be considered as another important aspect in Si-mediated plant-insect interaction and may provide a novel approach of pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan CropsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Rongrong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xueyang Ju
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Hui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Zhou Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Mohammed Esmail Abdalla Elzaki
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Lin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Rensen Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan CropsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
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Tiwari B, Chakraborty S, Srivastava AK, Mishra AK. Biodegradation and rapid removal of methyl parathion by the paddy field cyanobacterium Fischerella sp. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Tiwari B, Chakraborty S, Singh S, Mishra AK. Profenofos induced modulation in physiological indices, genomic template stability and protein banding patterns of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2016; 51:781-789. [PMID: 27428931 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1198649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To understand the mechanism underlying organophosphate pesticide toxicity, cyanobacterium Anabaena PCC 7120 was subjected to varied concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 mg L(-1)) of profenofos and the effects were investigated in terms of changes in cellular physiology, genomic template stability and protein expression pattern. The supplementation of profenofos reduced the growth, total pigment content and photosynthetic efficiency of the test organism in a dose dependent manner with maximum toxic effect at 30 mg L(-1). The high fluorescence intensity of 2', 7' -dichlorofluorescin diacetate and increased production of malondialdehyde confirmed the prevalence of acute oxidative stress condition inside the cells of the cyanobacterium. Rapid amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting and SDS-PAGE analyses showed a significant alteration in the banding patterns of DNA and proteins respectively. A marked increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase activity and a concomitant reduction in glutathione content indicated their possible role in supporting the growth of Anabaena 7120 up to 20 mg L(-1). These findings suggest that the uncontrolled use of profenofos in the agricultural fields may not only lead to the destruction of the cyanobacterial population, but it would also disturb the nutrient dynamics and energy flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balkrishna Tiwari
- a Laboratory of Microbial Genetics, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi , India
| | - Sindhunath Chakraborty
- a Laboratory of Microbial Genetics, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi , India
| | - Savita Singh
- a Laboratory of Microbial Genetics, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi , India
| | - Arun K Mishra
- a Laboratory of Microbial Genetics, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi , India
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Kumar MS, Kabra AN, Min B, El-Dalatony MM, Xiong J, Thajuddin N, Lee DS, Jeon BH. Insecticides induced biochemical changes in freshwater microalga Chlamydomonas mexicana. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:1091-1099. [PMID: 26036581 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4681-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effect of insecticides (acephate and imidacloprid) on a freshwater microalga Chlamydomonas mexicana was investigated with respect to photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrate and protein contents, fatty acids composition and induction of stress indicators including proline, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). C. mexicana was cultivated with 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg L(-1) of acephate and imidacloprid. The microalga growth increased with increasing concentrations of both insecticides up to 15 mg L(-1), beyond which the growth declined compared to control condition (without insecticides). C. mexicana cultivated with 15 mg L(-1) of both insecticides for 12 days was used for further analysis. The accumulation of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids), carbohydrates and protein was decreased in the presence of both insecticides. Acephate and imidacloprid induced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and increased the concentration of proline in the microalga, which play a defensive role against various environmental stresses. Fatty acid analysis revealed that the fraction of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased on exposure to both insecticides. C. mexicana also promoted 25 and 21% removal of acephate and imidacloprid, respectively. The biochemical changes in C. mexicana on exposure to acephate and imidacloprid indicate that the microalga undergoes an adaptive change in response to the insecticide-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthukannan Satheesh Kumar
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea
| | - Akhil N Kabra
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea
| | - Booki Min
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seocheon-dong, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, South Korea
| | - Marwa M El-Dalatony
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea
| | - Jiuqiang Xiong
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea
| | - Nooruddin Thajuddin
- Division of Microbial Biodiversity and Bioenergy, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dae Sung Lee
- Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Dong-A University, 840 Handan2-dong, Saha-gu, Busan, 604-714, South Korea
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea.
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