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Mattè A, Lupo F, Tibaldi E, Di Paolo ML, Federti E, Carpentieri A, Pucci P, Brunati AM, Cesaro L, Turrini F, Gomez Manzo S, Choi SY, Marcial Quino J, Kim DW, Pantaleo A, Xiuli A, Iatcenko I, Cappellini MD, Forni GL, De Franceschi L. Fyn specifically Regulates the activity of red cell glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101639. [PMID: 32863204 PMCID: PMC7387845 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fyn is a tyrosine kinase belonging to the Src family (Src-Family-Kinase, SFK), ubiquitously expressed. Previously, we report that Fyn is important in stress erythropoiesis. Here, we show that in red cells Fyn specifically stimulates G6PD activity, resulting in a 3-fold increase enzyme catalytic activity (kcat) by phosphorylating tyrosine (Tyr)-401. We found Tyr-401 on G6PD as functional target of Fyn in normal human red blood cells (RBC), being undetectable in G6PD deficient RBCs (G6PD-Mediterranean and G6PD-Genova). Indeed, Tyr-401 is located to a region of the G6PD molecule critical for the formation of the enzymatically active dimer. Amino acid replacements in this region are mostly associated with a chronic hemolysis phenotype. Using mutagenesis approach, we demonstrated that the phosphorylation status of Tyr401 modulates the interaction of G6PD with G6P and stabilizes G6PD in a catalytically more efficient conformation. RBCs from Fyn-/-mice are defective in G6PD activity, resulting in increased susceptibility to primaquine-induced intravascular hemolysis. This negatively affected the recycling of reduced Prx2 in response to oxidative stress, indicating that defective G6PD phosphorylation impairs defense against oxidation. In human RBCs, we confirm the involvement of the thioredoxin/Prx2 system in the increase vulnerability of G6PD deficient RBCs to oxidation. In conclusion, our data suggest that Fyn is an oxidative radical sensor, and that Fyn-mediated Tyr-401 phosphorylation, by increasing G6PD activity, plays an important role in the physiology of RBCs. Failure of G6PD activation by this mechanism may be a major limiting factor in the ability of G6PD deficient RBCs to withstand oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mattè
- Dept of Medicine University of Verona and AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Lupo
- Dept of Medicine University of Verona and AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Tibaldi
- Dept of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Enrica Federti
- Dept of Medicine University of Verona and AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Piero Pucci
- Dept of Chemical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Luca Cesaro
- Dept of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Saul Gomez Manzo
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Gangowo-do, South Korea
| | - Jaime Marcial Quino
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Gangowo-do, South Korea
| | | | - An Xiuli
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Laboratory of Membrane Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Iana Iatcenko
- Dept of Medicine University of Verona and AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Gian Luca Forni
- Centro Della Microcitemia e Delle Anemie Congenite, Ospedale Galliera, Genova, Italy
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Tanaka Y, Inoue A, Mizunuma T, Matsumura H, Yokomori H, Komiyama T, Otori K. Tolerability of Erythrocyte Ribavirin Triphosphate Concentrations Depends on the ITPA Genotype. Ther Drug Monit 2019; 41:497-502. [PMID: 30817703 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ribavirin (RBV) is an antiviral drug that is part of the current standard therapy for chronic hepatitis C (CHC). It is enzymatically converted to ribavirin triphosphate (RTP) that inhibits the activity of viral RNA polymerase, thereby preventing viral replication. However, one of its adverse effects includes hemolytic anemia that limits its application. The variant of ITPA (inosine triphosphatase), which dephosphorylates inosine triphosphate to inosine monophosphate, is a protective factor for RBV-induced anemia. RTP is an important metabolite required for ribavirin action. This study evaluated the time-dependent association of RTP concentrations in erythrocytes, RBV-induced toxicity, and virological response to RBV treatment for hepatitis C. METHODS A total of 28 Japanese patients with CHC were treated with RBV/peg-interferon/simeprevir or RBV/sofosbuvir and were genotyped for ITPA variants (rs1127354 and rs7270101). We measured RTP concentrations in erythrocytes in a total of 76 samples collected at 4, 8, and 12 weeks from the initiation of treatment. RESULTS The ITPA rs1127354 variant was found in 7 patients. This was associated with significantly higher RTP concentrations in erythrocytes than in the wild-type patients (P < 0.001). Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between RTP concentrations and decline in hemoglobin (Hb) levels from baseline values in ITPA wild type and rs1127354 variant 12 weeks after treatment initiation (P < 0.01; r = -0.618 and -0.967, respectively). Multiple regression analysis revealed that ITPA genotype and erythrocyte RTP concentrations were major factors associated with reduced Hb levels in RBV therapy for CHC. However, we did not find any association between erythrocyte concentrations and virological response. CONCLUSIONS The increased tolerability to RTP concentrations in erythrocytes in the ITPA variant rs1127354 plays a role in preventing RBV-induced severe anemia in this ITPA variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy and Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University
| | - Akiko Inoue
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy and Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University
| | - Tomohiko Mizunuma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy and Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University
| | - Haruka Matsumura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy and Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University
| | - Hiroaki Yokomori
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kitasato University Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takako Komiyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy and Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University
| | - Katsuya Otori
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy and Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University
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3
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Iolascon A, Andolfo I, Russo R. Advances in understanding the pathogenesis of red cell membrane disorders. Br J Haematol 2019; 187:13-24. [PMID: 31364155 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary erythrocyte membrane disorders are caused by mutations in genes encoding various transmembrane or cytoskeletal proteins of red blood cells. The main consequences of these genetic alterations are decreased cell deformability and shortened erythrocyte survival. Red blood cell membrane defects encompass a heterogeneous group of haemolytic anaemias caused by either (i) altered membrane structural organisation (hereditary spherocytosis, hereditary elliptocytosis, hereditary pyropoikilocytosis and Southeast Asian ovalocytosis) or (ii) altered membrane transport function (overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis, dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis or xerocytosis, familial pseudohyperkalaemia and cryohydrocytosis). Herein we provide a comprehensive review of the recent literature on the molecular genetics of erythrocyte membrane defects and their reported clinical consequences. We also describe the effect of low-expression genetic variants on the high inter- and intra-familial phenotype variability of erythrocyte structural defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achille Iolascon
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Immacolata Andolfo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Russo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
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4
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Ruiz I, Pawlotsky JM. Hepatitis B Reactivation or Hepatitis C Exacerbation in Patients with Hematological Malignancies. Ann Hepatol 2019; 16:179-181. [PMID: 28233738 DOI: 10.5604/16652681.1231595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Ruiz
- INSERM U955 Team 18, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
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5
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Tanaka Y, Yokomori H, Otori K. Induction of inosine triphosphatase activity during ribavirin treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 482:16-20. [PMID: 29580856 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ribavirin (RBV) is an antiviral agent and the primary component for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) therapy. Hemolytic anemia is limitation for RBV treatment. Inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) activity has been associated with severity of RBV-induced anemia. However, changes in ITPA activity during CHC therapy are unknown. The aim of this study was to measure the time-dependent change in ITPA activity over the RBV treatment. METHODS Forty-two patients with CHC were evaluated for ITPA activity over the course of RBV treatment. RESULTS The median value of ITPA activity at start of RBV treatment was 134.2 μmol/h/g hemoglobin (Hb; range, 26.3-251.0 μmol/h/g Hb). The ITPA activity values at 4, 8, and 12 weeks during RBV treatment were 143.2, 202.2, and 225.7 μmol/h/g Hb, respectively, and these ITPA values were significantly elevated compared with the start of treatment (p < 0.001). In patients with ITPA variants, patients with anemia (Hb < 10 g/dL) had greater elevated ITPA activities compared with patients without anemia at 12 weeks. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that ITPA activities are elevated with RBV therapy, and this elevation may be a risk of anemia in late therapeutic phase in patients that began with low ITPA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Yokomori
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kitasato University Medical Center, Japan
| | - Katsuya Otori
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Japan
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Matte A, De Falco L, Federti E, Cozzi A, Iolascon A, Levi S, Mohandas N, Zamo A, Bruno M, Lebouef C, Janin A, Siciliano A, Ganz T, Federico G, Carlomagno F, Mueller S, Silva I, Carbone C, Melisi D, Kim DW, Choi SY, De Franceschi L. Peroxiredoxin-2: A Novel Regulator of Iron Homeostasis in Ineffective Erythropoiesis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1-14. [PMID: 28793778 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Iron overload (IO) is a life-threatening complication of chronic hemolytic disorders such as β-thalassemia. IO results in severe cellular oxidative damage, leading to organ failure. Peroxiredoxin-2 (Prx2), a typical 2-cysteine-(Cys)-peroxiredoxin, is an important component of the cytoprotective system, but its response to IO is still to be fully defined. RESULTS We studied the effects of IO on Prx2-knockout mice (Prx2-/-). The absence of Prx2 enhanced toxicity due to IO on erythropoiesis. We found that IO failed to induce the typical hepcidin (Hamp) upregulation in Prx2-/- mice due to its failure to activate the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) with intact Jak2 signaling. In Prx2-/- mice, the loss of Hamp response was also observed after administration of a single dose of oral iron. When lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to explore IL6-STAT3 activation in Prx2-/- mice, STAT3 activation and Hamp upregulation were once again defective. Treatment with PEP-fusion-recombinant-Prx2 (PEP Prx2) significantly increased STAT3 activation with upregulation of Hamp expression in both IO- and LPS-exposed Prx2-/- mice. We also confirmed the beneficial effects of PEP Prx2 on Hamp expression through STAT3 activation in β-thalassemic mice. INNOVATION We propose that Prx2 plays a key role in responding to cytotoxicity of IO, directly targeting STAT3-transcriptional factor in a Jak2-independent fashion and regulating Hamp in response to canonical stimuli. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data highlight a novel role of Prx2 in iron homeostasis. Prx2 is a key cytoprotector against IO that is induced either by iron supplementation or due to chronic hemolysis as in β-thalassemia. Prx2 is required to support STAT3 transcriptional activity and regulation of Hamp expression. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Matte
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Verona-AOUI Verona , Verona, Italy
| | - Luigia De Falco
- 2 CEINGE and Department of Biochemistry, Federico II University , Naples, Italy
| | - Enrica Federti
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Verona-AOUI Verona , Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Cozzi
- 3 Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milano, Italy
| | - Achille Iolascon
- 2 CEINGE and Department of Biochemistry, Federico II University , Naples, Italy
| | - Sonia Levi
- 3 Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milano, Italy .,4 Vita-Salute San Raffaele University , Milano, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Zamo
- 6 Department of Pathology and Diagnostic University of Verona-AOUI Verona , Verona, Italy
| | - Mariasole Bruno
- 2 CEINGE and Department of Biochemistry, Federico II University , Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anne Janin
- 7 Inserm, U1165, Paris, France .,8 Université Paris 7-Denis Diderot , Paris, France .,9 AP-HP , Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Angela Siciliano
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Verona-AOUI Verona , Verona, Italy
| | - Tom Ganz
- 10 Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine , Los Angeles, California
| | - Giorgia Federico
- 11 Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies Federico II University , Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Carlomagno
- 11 Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies Federico II University , Naples, Italy
| | - Sebastian Mueller
- 12 Medical Department, Salem Medical Center, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ines Silva
- 12 Medical Department, Salem Medical Center, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carmine Carbone
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Verona-AOUI Verona , Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Melisi
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Verona-AOUI Verona , Verona, Italy
| | - Dae Won Kim
- 13 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University , Chunchon, Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- 13 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University , Chunchon, Korea
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7
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Data demonstrating the role of peroxiredoxin 2 as important anti-oxidant system in lung homeostasis. Data Brief 2017; 15:376-381. [PMID: 29034295 PMCID: PMC5636020 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2017.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The data presented in this article are related to the research paper entitled “peroxiredoxin-2 plays a pivotal role as multimodal cytoprotector in the early phase of pulmonary hypertension” (Federti et al., 2017) [1]. Data show that the absence of peroxiredoxin-2 (Prx2) is associated with increased lung oxidation and pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction. Prx2−/− mice displayed activation of the redox-sensitive transcriptional factors, NF-kB and Nrf2, and increased expression of cytoprotective system such as heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1). We also noted increased expression of both markers of vascular activation and extracellular matrix remodeling. The administration of the recombinant fusion protein PEP Prx2 reduced the activation of NF-kB and Nrf2 and was paralleled by a decrease in HO-1 and in vascular endothelial abnormal activation. Prolonged hypoxia was used to trigger pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Prx2−/− precociously developed PAH compared to wildtype animals.
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8
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Lupo F, Tibaldi E, Matte A, Sharma AK, Brunati AM, Alper SL, Zancanaro C, Benati D, Siciliano A, Bertoldi M, Zonta F, Storch A, Walker RH, Danek A, Bader B, Hermann A, De Franceschi L. A new molecular link between defective autophagy and erythroid abnormalities in chorea-acanthocytosis. Blood 2016; 128:2976-2987. [PMID: 27742708 PMCID: PMC5179337 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-07-727321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chorea-acanthocytosis is one of the hereditary neurodegenerative disorders known as the neuroacanthocytoses. Chorea-acanthocytosis is characterized by circulating acanthocytes deficient in chorein, a protein of unknown function. We report here for the first time that chorea-acanthocytosis red cells are characterized by impaired autophagy, with cytoplasmic accumulation of active Lyn and of autophagy-related proteins Ulk1 and Atg7. In chorea-acanthocytosis erythrocytes, active Lyn is sequestered by HSP90-70 to form high-molecular-weight complexes that stabilize and protect Lyn from its proteasomal degradation, contributing to toxic Lyn accumulation. An interplay between accumulation of active Lyn and autophagy was found in chorea-acanthocytosis based on Lyn coimmunoprecipitation with Ulk1 and Atg7 and on the presence of Ulk1 in Lyn-containing high-molecular-weight complexes. In addition, chorein associated with Atg7 in healthy but not in chorea-acanthocytosis erythrocytes. Electron microscopy detected multivesicular bodies and membrane remnants only in circulating chorea-acanthocytosis red cells. In addition, reticulocyte-enriched chorea-acanthocytosis red cell fractions exhibited delayed clearance of mitochondria and lysosomes, further supporting the impairment of authophagic flux. Because autophagy is also important in erythropoiesis, we studied in vitro CD34+-derived erythroid precursors. In chorea-acanthocytosis, we found (1) dyserythropoiesis; (2) increased active Lyn; (3) accumulation of a marker of autophagic flux and autolysososme degradation; (4) accumlation of Lamp1, a lysosmal membrane protein, and LAMP1-positive aggregates; and (5) reduced clearance of lysosomes and mitochondria. Our results uncover in chorea-acanthocytosis erythroid cells an association between accumulation of active Lyn and impaired autophagy, suggesting a link between chorein and autophagic vesicle trafficking in erythroid maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lupo
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Tibaldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Matte
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alok K Sharma
- Division of Nephrology and Vascular Biology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Seth L Alper
- Division of Nephrology and Vascular Biology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Carlo Zancanaro
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Donatella Benati
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angela Siciliano
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mariarita Bertoldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Zonta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alexander Storch
- Center for Regenerative Therapies, and
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ruth H Walker
- Department of Neurology, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY; and
| | - Adrian Danek
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Bader
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lucia De Franceschi
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
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9
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Andolfo I, Russo R, Gambale A, Iolascon A. New insights on hereditary erythrocyte membrane defects. Haematologica 2016; 101:1284-1294. [PMID: 27756835 PMCID: PMC5394881 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.142463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
After the first proposed model of the red blood cell membrane skeleton 36 years ago, several additional proteins have been discovered during the intervening years, and their relationship with the pathogenesis of the related disorders have been somewhat defined. The knowledge of erythrocyte membrane structure is important because it represents the model for spectrin-based membrane skeletons in all cells and because defects in its structure underlie multiple hemolytic anemias. This review summarizes the main features of erythrocyte membrane disorders, dividing them into structural and altered permeability defects, focusing particularly on the most recent advances. New proteins involved in alterations of the red blood cell membrane permeability were recently described. The mechanoreceptor PIEZO1 is the largest ion channel identified to date, the fundamental regulator of erythrocyte volume homeostasis. Missense, gain-of-function mutations in the PIEZO1 gene have been identified in several families as causative of dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis or xerocytosis. Similarly, the KCNN4 gene, codifying the so called Gardos channel, has been recently identified as a second causative gene of hereditary xerocytosis. Finally, ABCB6 missense mutations were identified in different pedigrees of familial pseudohyperkalemia. New genomic technologies have improved the quality and reduced the time of diagnosis of these diseases. Moreover, they are essential for the identification of the new causative genes. However, many questions remain to solve, and are currently objects of intensive studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Andolfo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberta Russo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonella Gambale
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
| | - Achille Iolascon
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
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10
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Ampuero J, Romero-Gómez M. Pharmacogenetics of ribavirin-induced anemia in hepatitis C. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:1587-94. [PMID: 27547881 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.16.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacogenetics assesses inherited genetic differences in drug metabolic pathways and its role in medicine is growing. Ribavirin (RBV) and peginterferon were the standard of care therapy in hepatitis C virus infection during 15 years, with the addition of first-generation protease inhibitors at the beginning of 2010s. New direct-acting agents are the new standard of care, but RBV remains important in some scenarios. The main adverse effect of RBV is anemia, which requires dose reduction and even stopping treatment in some patients. Pharmacogenetics has identified ITPA and SLC28/29 genes to be closely related to RBV-induced anemia. The routine evaluation of these genes could help to identify those patients at risk of developing anemia during the hepatitis C virus treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ampuero
- Inter-Centre Unit of Digestive Diseases, Virgen del Rocío - Virgen Macarena University Hospitals, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Avenida Manuel Siurot, s/n, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Manuel Romero-Gómez
- Inter-Centre Unit of Digestive Diseases, Virgen del Rocío - Virgen Macarena University Hospitals, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Avenida Manuel Siurot, s/n, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
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11
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Cluitmans JCA, Gevi F, Siciliano A, Matte A, Leal JKF, De Franceschi L, Zolla L, Brock R, Adjobo-Hermans MJW, Bosman GJGCM. Red Blood Cell Homeostasis: Pharmacological Interventions to Explore Biochemical, Morphological and Mechanical Properties. Front Mol Biosci 2016; 3:10. [PMID: 27066490 PMCID: PMC4809878 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2016.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
During their passage through the circulation, red blood cells (RBCs) encounter severe physiological conditions consisting of mechanical stress, oxidative damage and fast changes in ionic and osmotic conditions. In order to survive for 120 days, RBCs adapt to their surroundings by subtle regulation of membrane organization and metabolism. RBC homeostasis depends on interactions between the integral membrane protein band 3 with other membrane and cytoskeletal proteins, and with key enzymes of various metabolic pathways. These interactions are regulated by the binding of deoxyhemoglobin to band 3, and by a signaling network revolving around Lyn kinase and Src family kinase-mediated phosphorylation of band 3. Here we show that manipulation of the interaction between the lipid bilayer and the cytoskeleton, using various pharmacological agents that interfere with protein-protein interactions and membrane lipid organization, has various effects on: (1) morphology, as shown by high resolution microscopy and quantitative image analysis; (2) organization of membrane proteins, as indicated by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy and quantitative as well as qualitative analysis of vesicle generation; (3) membrane lipid organization, as indicated by flow cytometric analysis of phosphatidylserine exposure; (4) deformability, as assessed in capillary-mimicking circumstances using a microfluidics system; (5) deformability as determined using a spleen-mimicking device; (6) metabolic activity as indicated by metabolomics. Our data show that there is a complex relationship between red cell morphology, membrane organization and deformability. Also, our data show that red blood cells have a relatively high resistance to disturbance of membrane organization in vitro, which may reflect their capacity to withstand mechanical, oxidative and osmotic stress in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith C A Cluitmans
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Federica Gevi
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia Viterbo, Italy
| | - Angela Siciliano
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Matte
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona Verona, Italy
| | - Joames K F Leal
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Lucia De Franceschi
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona Verona, Italy
| | - Lello Zolla
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia Viterbo, Italy
| | - Roland Brock
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Giel J G C M Bosman
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
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