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González MA, Magallanes S, Bravo-Barriga D, Monteys VSI, Martínez-de la Puente J, Figuerola J. Sampling of Culicoides with nontraditional methods provides unusual species composition and new records for southern Spain. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:338. [PMID: 39135087 PMCID: PMC11318182 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06414-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Culicoides midges have been well-studied in Spain, particularly over the last 20 years, mainly because of their role as vectors of arboviral diseases that affect livestock. Most studies on Culicoides are conducted using suction light traps in farmed environments, but studies employing alternative trapping techniques or focusing on natural habitats are scarce. METHODS In the present study, we analyze Culicoides captured in 2023 at 476 sites in western Andalusia (southern Spain) using carbon dioxide-baited Biogents (BG)-sentinel traps across different ecosystems. RESULTS We collected 3,084 Culicoides midges (3060 females and 24 males) belonging to 23 species, including the new species Culicoides grandifovea sp. nov. and the first record of Culicoides pseudolangeroni for Europe. Both species were described with morphological and molecular methods and detailed data on spatial distribution was also recorded. The new species showed close phylogenetic relations with sequences from an unidentified Culicoides from Morocco (92.6% similarity) and with Culicoides kurensis. Culicoides imicola was the most abundant species (17.4%), followed by Culicoides grandifovea sp. nov. (14.6%) and Culicoides kurensis (11.9%). Interestingly, Culicoides montanus was the only species of the obsoletus and pulicaris species complexes captured, representing the first record of this species in southern Spain. A total of 53 valid Culicoides species have been reported in the area, with 48 already reported in literature records and 5 more added in the present study. Information on the flight period for the most common Culicoides species is also provided. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, our study represents the most comprehensive effort ever done on nonfarmland habitats using carbon-dioxide baited suction traps for collecting Culicoides. Our data suggests that using carbon dioxide traps offers a completely different perspective on Culicoides communities compared with routinely used light traps, including the discovery of previously unrecorded species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Alexander González
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD, CSIC), Seville, Spain.
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sergio Magallanes
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD, CSIC), Seville, Spain
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Bravo-Barriga
- Departamento de Salud Animal, Grupo de Investigación en Salud Animal y Zoonosis (GISAZ), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Victor Sarto I Monteys
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Entomology, Plants and Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Josué Martínez-de la Puente
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD, CSIC), Seville, Spain
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD, CSIC), Seville, Spain
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Bravo-Barriga D, González MA, Parreira R, Frontera E, Huerta H, Alarcón-Elbal PM. Shedding light on the controversial taxonomic status of Culicoides jamaicensis and Culicoides paolae (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae): an overseas trip among continents. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 60:944-954. [PMID: 37335073 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are small bloodsucking flies that act as vectors for various pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. This study aimed to examine, using a comprehensive approach, the controversial taxonomic status of 2 Culicoides species that are currently distributed in the Neotropical (Culicoides jamaicensis Edwards) and Palearctic (Culicoides paolae Boorman) areas and possess unique and distinctive features. Previous investigations based on morphological analysis have suggested that these 2 species may be synonyms. Our work updated the current geographical distribution of both species and analyzed new specimens from different geographic origins, together with publicly available sequences. We used 2 universal genetic markers (COI and 28S) to test this hypothesis. Our study reveals evidence that C. paolae and C. jamaicensis belong to the same species due to the following statements: (i) similar morphological features; (ii) low interspecific genetic variation; (iii) association with a single genetic cluster; (iv) inclusion within the subgenus Drymodesmyia, which has only been recorded in the New World; and (v) occurrence in habitats with moderate temperatures. We recommend that European and African specimens of C. paolae be considered from now on as C. jamaicensis. Our comprehensive approach shed new light on the taxonomic status of these 2 Culicoides species and has implications for future studies on their biology and ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bravo-Barriga
- Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura (Uex), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Ricardo Parreira
- Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (IHMT) - NOVA University of Lisbon, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Eva Frontera
- Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Animal Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura (Uex), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Herón Huerta
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, 01480 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Pedro María Alarcón-Elbal
- Laboratorio de investigación de Entomología, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Bloque B, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjasot, Spain
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Carvalho LPC, Costa GDS, Pereira Júnior AM, de Paulo PFM, Silva GS, Carioca ALPM, Rodrigues BL, Pessoa FAC, Medeiros JF. DNA Barcoding of genus Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the Brazilian Amazon. Acta Trop 2022; 235:106619. [PMID: 35905777 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Culicoides biting midges are capable to transmit Oropouche virus, Bluetongue virus and Mansonella spp. This study aimed to assess the utility of DNA barcode as an alternative method in the Culicoides species identification. The study was conducted in Jamari National Forest. Biting midges were collected using HP light traps during four months, February, April, August and October, 2018. Insects were morphologically identified to the species level, and rest of the body were subjected to DNA extraction and PCR targeting a fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, which were analyzed and deposited in GenBank. A phylogenetic gene tree was reconstructed using RAxML software, and the sequences were assigned at Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit (MOTU) level by species delimitation algorithms. According to morphological approach, 18 species of 2 subgenera and 7 species groups were identified. A total of 191 new COI barcodes from 18 species were generated. Of these, fifteen species have been deposited for the first time in all datasets in the world. These sequences allowed the correct identification of 188 and 187 specimens according to the BM and BCM criteria, respectively. The intraspecific genetic distances ranged from 0 to 16.5%, while the interspecific ones ranged from 2.1 to 27.1%. The nominal species Culicoides glabellus and C. tetrathyris splitted into three and two MOTUs, respectively, except for mPTP, indicating a cryptic diversity in these species. Also, sequences of C. pseudodiabolicus formed two MOTUs using all algorithms, except for PTP and ABGD, suggesting the existence of two potential species. In contrast, some barcodes of C. quasiparaensis and C. paraensis merged into a single MOTU, which can be explained by the complex characteristics of the paraensis group, since these species have similar morphological characters. Here, we provided the first COI barcodes for biting midges in Rondônia and Brazil, and demonstrates that these are sufficient to discriminate between some species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Paulo Costa Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, BR 364, Km 9.5, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Laboratório de Entomologia, Fiocruz Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671, Lagoa, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.
| | | | - Antônio Marques Pereira Júnior
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Fiocruz Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671, Lagoa, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - INCT-EpiAmO, Rua da Beira, 7671, Lagoa, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | | | - Geisiane Santos Silva
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Fiocruz Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671, Lagoa, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Angélica Lorena Pereira Mendes Carioca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, BR 364, Km 9.5, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Laboratório de Entomologia, Fiocruz Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671, Lagoa, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Bruno Leite Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, 01246-904, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - INCT-EpiAmO, Rua da Beira, 7671, Lagoa, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amazônia, Rua Terezina, 476, Adrianópolis, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Jansen Fernandes Medeiros
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Fiocruz Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671, Lagoa, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Epidemiologia da Amazônia Ocidental - INCT-EpiAmO, Rua da Beira, 7671, Lagoa, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
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Rot A, Meiswinkel R, Fleker M, Blum SE, Behar A. Towards modernizing the taxonomy of Mediterranean Culicoides using classical morphology, mtDNA barcoding, and MALDI-TOF MS protein profiling. Acta Trop 2020; 211:105628. [PMID: 32659282 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are a highly successful group of small (1-3 mm) hematophagous flies, infamous for the role they play as biological vectors for numerous pathogens of veterinary significance. The principal aim of the national animal disease surveillance program of Israel is to be able to rapidly sort and identify live field-captured insects including Culicoides for arbovirus screening. In this exploratory study, three identification methods-classical morphology, DNA barcoding, and MALDI-TOF MS-were applied simultaneously to individuals of 10 Culicoides species that commonly attack livestock in Israel. The strengths and limitations of the three methods are compared and evaluated. In essence, the CO1 barcoding and MALDI-TOF MS results closely matched those of classical morphology. Furthermore, at a higher level and in strong accordance with recognized subgenera, the 10 species, in the reconstructed phylogenies, coalesced into multiple deeper-branched monophyletic clades. However, some discrepancies between the molecular and protein profiling results did occur and proved difficult to assess in terms of taxonomic significance. This difficulty underscores how tricky it is to establish clear species limits when methods involving borderline cutoff values and similarity indices are used as a taxonomic aid. An added shortcoming of the pluralistic triple-method approach is that a significant percentage of the species-level depositions in the GenBank and BOLD databases are misidentified, hindering structured comparison and interpretation of the morphological and molecular results obtained. Aspects of the unresolved taxonomy of various biting midge assemblages within the Mediterranean basin, including minor changes to the Israeli Culicoides checklist, are discussed in light of the methods applied. It is observed that the direct access that classical morphology provides to the external environment (or species niche) is indispensable to the full and correct interpretation (and application) of concomitant molecular and protein profiling results. The Culicoides taxonomy of the future ought to be fully integrative, during which the assimilation of modern methodological advances should strengthen-rather than undermine-the morphological foundations laid down during the 260-year Linnaean epoch.
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Belkharchouche M, Berchi S, Mathieu B, Rakotoarivony I, Duhayon M, Baldet T, Balenghien T. Update of the Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) species checklist from Algeria with 10 new records. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:463. [PMID: 32912306 PMCID: PMC7488159 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04335-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Culicoides fauna of Algeria has been historically investigated, leading to the description of many new species by Kieffer in the 1920s, Clastrier in the 1950s or Callot in the 1960s and to a comprehensive inventory by Szadziewski in the 1980s. The emergence of bluetongue in the late 1990s enhanced Culicoides collections made in the country over the last two decades, but information remained mostly unpublished. The aim of this study is therefore to provide a comprehensive and updated checklist of Culicoides biting midge species in Algeria. METHODS The literature (published and grey, in French and in English) from 1920 to date on Culicoides collections in Algeria was collected and analyzed in the light of the current taxonomic and systematic knowledge and methods. Fresh Culicoides material was also analyzed using light/suction trap collections carried out from November 2015 to September 2018 in nine localities of the 'wilayah' of Tiaret (northwestern Algeria). Slide mounted specimens were identified morphologically using the interactive identification key IIKC and original descriptions. Specimens were then compared with non-type material originating from different countries and partly with type material. RESULTS A total of 13,709 Culicoides, belonging to at least 36 species within 10 subgenera, were examined leading to 10 new records in Algeria, including C. chiopterus, C. dewulfi, C. navaiae, C. grisescens, C. paradoxalis, C. shaklawensis, C. simulator, C. univittatus, C. achrayi and C. picturatus. These new records and all previous records provided by the literature review were discussed. CONCLUSIONS We propose a Culicoides checklist for the Algerian fauna of 59 valid species, including species mainly with a large Palaearctic distribution and a specific Mediterranean distribution, and only a few species from the Afrotropical region. Among them, several species, mainly of the subgenera Avaritia and Culicoides, are confirmed or probable vectors of arboviruses important in animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounira Belkharchouche
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Taoufik Khaznadar, nouveau pôle universitaire Ali Mendjeli, B.P. E66, 25100 Constantine, Algérie
- Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Ibn Khaldoun, B.P.75 Zaaroura, Tiaret, 1400 Algérie
- Laboratoire de Biosystématique et Ecologie des Arthropodes, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Département de Biologie Animale, Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine 1, 2500 Algérie
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Selima Berchi
- Laboratoire de Biosystématique et Ecologie des Arthropodes, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Département de Biologie Animale, Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine 1, 2500 Algérie
| | - Bruno Mathieu
- Institut de Parasitologie et de Pathologies Tropicales de Strasbourg (IPPTS), UR 7292, 3 Rue Koeberlé, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ignace Rakotoarivony
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 34398 Montpellier, France
- ASTRE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Maxime Duhayon
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 34398 Montpellier, France
- ASTRE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Baldet
- ASTRE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 97491 Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion France
| | - Thomas Balenghien
- ASTRE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 10101 Rabat, Morocco
- Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Unité Microbiologie, Immunologie et Maladies Contagieuses, 10100 Rabat, Morocco
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Ma J, Liu J, Shen Y, Fan Z, Yue B, Zhang X. Population genetic structure and intraspecific genetic distance of Periplaneta americana (Blattodea: Blattidae) based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:12928-12939. [PMID: 31788226 PMCID: PMC6876684 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) is a globally invasive pest that can cause significant economic loss and threaten human health. Although it is abundant and lives in close proximity to humans, few studies have investigated the genetic diversity of P. americana. Our study analyzed 1,053 P. americana and other Periplaneta species' samples from different locations in China and the United States. A traditional tree-based method using 17 unique mitochondrial COI haplotypes of P. americana and 20 haplotypes of the other Periplaneta species accurately identified P. americana with a barcoding threshold of 5.1%. To identify the population genetic structure of P. americana, we investigated wingless gene and pooled them with obtained mtDNA data for a combined analysis. Although the genetic diversity of the USA group was relatively higher than the China group, the number of haplotypes and alleles of both groups was small. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), intraspecific phylogeny, and haplotype networks indicated that P. americana had very little global genetic differentiation. The weak geographic genetic structure might reflect the human-mediated dispersal of P. americana. Despite no apparent phylogeographic assignment of mtDNA and nuclear lineages was observed in both BI trees, the integrated COI sequence data identified four distinct P. americana haplotype groups, showing four ancient maternal lineages of P. americana in China and the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinnan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐resources and Eco‐environmentMinistry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jinhua Liu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered WildlifeCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yongmei Shen
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medicinal American CockroachSichuan Gooddoctor Pharmaceutical GroupChengduChina
| | - Zhenxin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐resources and Eco‐environmentMinistry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered WildlifeCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Bisong Yue
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐resources and Eco‐environmentMinistry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered WildlifeCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiuyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐resources and Eco‐environmentMinistry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered WildlifeCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Yildirim A, Dik B, Duzlu O, Onder Z, Ciloglu A, Yetismis G, Inci A. Genetic diversity of Culicoides species within the Pulicaris complex (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Turkey inferred from mitochondrial COI gene sequences. Acta Trop 2019; 190:380-388. [PMID: 30553894 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Identification of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) biting midges to species has become important due to their potential role in the transmission of arboviruses such as bluetongue virus, bovine ephemeral fever virus, Akabane virus, African horse sickness virus, epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus and Schmallenberg virus. In several studies, molecular tools, used for the identification of biting midges, revealed the presence of cryptic and undescribed species especially within Pulicaris complex. The presence of cryptic species within species complexes raise questions about their role in viral disease transmission as there are apparent differences in the vectorial capacity between closely related species. In this study, we analyzed the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene sequences of species within the Pulicaris complex present in Turkey and determined their phylogenetic relationships. Twenty-one haplotypes within the already described species C. pulicaris P1, C. lupicaris, C. lupicaris L2, C. newsteadi, C. newsteadi N1, C. punctatus, C. fagineus F2 and C. flavipulicaris were determined from the study areas. The molecular analysis revealed further two haplotypes belonging to new non-described cryptic species named as C. lupicaris L3 and Culicoides WBS corresponding to C. lupicaris and Fagineus complex which diverged by 17.9% to 25.7% and 18.7% to 31.8%, respectively from other species in the subgenus Culicoides. Genetic divergence within species was <2.0% and phylogenetic analyses of the COI dataset revealed 22 different monophyletic separate clades within two major cluster. The results of this study emphasize the applicability of COI sequences as a diagnostic marker for differentiating Culicoides species and revealing cryptic species.
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