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R HC, Datta A, S UK, Zayed H, D TK, C GPD. Decoding genetic and pathophysiological mechanisms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and primary lateral sclerosis: A comparative study of differentially expressed genes and implicated pathways in motor neuron disorders. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 141:177-201. [PMID: 38960473 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Motor Neuron Disorders (MNDs), characterized by the degradation and loss of function of motor neurons, are recognized as fatal conditions with limited treatment options and no known cure. The present study aimed to identify the pathophysiological functions and affected genes in patients with MNDs, specifically Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Primary Lateral Sclerosis (PLS). The GSE56808 dataset comprised three sample groups: six patients diagnosed with ALS (GSM1369650, GSM1369652, GSM1369654, GSM1369656, GSM1369657, GSM1369658), five patients diagnosed with PLS (GSM1369648, GSM1369649, GSM1369653, GSM1369655, GSM1369659), and six normal controls (GSM1369642, GSM1369643, GSM1369644, GSM1369645, GSM1369646, and GSM1369647). The application of computational analysis of microarray gene expression profiles enabled us to identify 346 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 169 genes for the ALS sample study, and 177 genes for the PLS sample study. Enrichment was carried out using MCODE, a Cytoscape plugin. Functional annotation of DEGs was carried out via ClueGO/CluePedia (v2.5.9) and further validated via the DAVID database. NRP2, SEMA3D, ROBO3 and, CACNB1, CACNG2 genes were identified as the gene of interest for ALS and PLS sample groups, respectively. Axonal guidance (GO:0007411) and calcium ion transmembrane transport (GO:0070588) were identified to be some of the significantly dysregulated gene ontology (GO) terms, with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (KEGG:05412) to be the top relevant KEGG pathway which is affected in MND patients. ROBO3 gene was observed to have distinctive roles in ALS and PLS-affected patients, hinting towards the differential progression of ALS from PLS. The insights derived from our comprehensive analysis accentuate the distinct variances in the underlying molecular pathogenesis of ALS and PLS. Further research should investigate the mechanistic roles of the identified DEGs and molecular pathways, leading to potential targeted therapies for ALS and PLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hephzibah Cathryn R
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ankur Datta
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Udhaya Kumar S
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Medicine, Division Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Thirumal Kumar D
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - George Priya Doss C
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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2
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Lee J, Pye N, Ellis L, Vos KD, Mortiboys H. Evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in ALS and methods for measuring in model systems. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 176:269-325. [PMID: 38802177 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction is a hallmark of multiple amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) models with a majority of ALS patients exhibiting hypermetabolism. The central sites of metabolism in the cell are mitochondria, capable of utilising a multitude of cellular substrates in an array of ATP-generating reactions. With reactive oxygen species (ROS) production occurring during some of these reactions, mitochondria can contribute considerably to oxidative stress. Mitochondria are also very dynamic organelles, interacting with other organelles, undergoing fusion/fission in response to changing metabolic states and being turned over by the cell regularly. Disruptions to many of these mitochondrial functions and processes have been reported in ALS models, largely indicating compromised mitochondrial function, increased ROS production by mitochondria, disrupted interactions with the endoplasmic reticulum and reduced turnover. This chapter summarises methods routinely used to assess mitochondria in ALS models and the alterations that have been reported in these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Lee
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Pye
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Ellis
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Kurt De Vos
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Mortiboys
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
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3
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Lee A, Henderson R, Arachchige BJ, Robertson T, McCombe PA. Proteomic investigation of ALS motor cortex identifies known and novel pathogenetic mechanisms. J Neurol Sci 2023; 452:120753. [PMID: 37542825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.120753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
The key pathological feature in ALS is death of motor neurones from the brain and spinal cord, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this degeneration remain unknown. Quantifying the motor cortex proteome in autopsy brain and comparing tissues from ALS cases and non-ALS controls is critical to understanding these mechanisms. We used Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS) to characterize the proteomes of the motor cortex from ALS cases (n = 8) and control subjects (n = 8). A total of 1427 proteins were identified at a critical local false discovery rate < 5%; 187 of these exhibited significant expression differences between ALS cases and controls. Of these, 91 proteins were significantly upregulated and 96 proteins were significantly downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these proteins are involved in molecular transport, protein trafficking, free radical scavenging, lipid metabolism, cell death and survival, nucleic acid metabolism, inflammatory response or amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism. Differentially expressed proteins were subjected to pathway analysis. This revealed abnormalities in pathways involving mitochondrial function, sirtuin signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, phagosome maturation, SNARE signaling, redox regulation and several others. Core analysis revealed mitochondrial dysfunction to be the top canonical pathway. The top-enriched networks involved JNK activation and inhibition of AKT signaling, suggesting that disruption of these signaling pathways could lead to demise of motor neurons in the ALS motor cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aven Lee
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - Robert Henderson
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital (RBWH), Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - Buddhika Jayakody Arachchige
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - Thomas Robertson
- Pathology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Pamela Ann McCombe
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; Wesley Medical Research, The Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, QLD 4066, Australia.
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4
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Morello G, La Cognata V, Guarnaccia M, La Bella V, Conforti FL, Cavallaro S. A Diagnostic Gene-Expression Signature in Fibroblasts of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Cells 2023; 12:1884. [PMID: 37508548 PMCID: PMC10378077 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, progressive neurodegenerative disease with limited treatment options. Diagnosis can be difficult due to the heterogeneity and non-specific nature of the initial symptoms, resulting in delays that compromise prompt access to effective therapeutic strategies. Transcriptome profiling of patient-derived peripheral cells represents a valuable benchmark in overcoming such challenges, providing the opportunity to identify molecular diagnostic signatures. In this study, we characterized transcriptome changes in skin fibroblasts of sporadic ALS patients (sALS) and controls and evaluated their utility as a molecular classifier for ALS diagnosis. Our analysis identified 277 differentially expressed transcripts predominantly involved in transcriptional regulation, synaptic transmission, and the inflammatory response. A support vector machine classifier based on this 277-gene signature was developed to discriminate patients with sALS from controls, showing significant predictive power in both the discovery dataset and in six independent publicly available gene expression datasets obtained from different sALS tissue/cell samples. Taken together, our findings support the utility of transcriptional signatures in peripheral cells as valuable biomarkers for the diagnosis of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Morello
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR-IRIB), 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Valentina La Cognata
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR-IRIB), 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Guarnaccia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR-IRIB), 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo La Bella
- ALS Clinical Research Center and Neurochemistry Laboratory, BiND, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca Luisa Conforti
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Cavallaro
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR-IRIB), 95126 Catania, Italy
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5
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Allen SP, Al Sultan A, Kabucho Kibirige E, Tonkiss E, Hamer KJ, Castelli LM, Lin YH, Roscoe S, Stefanidis N, Mead RJ, Highley JR, Cooper-Knock J, Hautbergue GM, Heath PR, Kirby J, Shaw PJ. A Y374X TDP43 truncation leads to an altered metabolic profile in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis fibroblasts driven by pyruvate and TCA cycle intermediate alterations. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1151848. [PMID: 37251807 PMCID: PMC10213779 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1151848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A p.Y374X truncation in TARDBP was recently shown to reduce expression of TDP43 in fibroblasts isolated from ALS cases. In this follow up study focused on assessing the downstream phenotypic consequences of loss of TDP43 in the context of the truncation, we have shown a striking effect on the fibroblast metabolic profile. Phenotypic metabolic screening uncovered a distinct metabolic profile in TDP43-Y374X fibroblasts compared to controls, which was driven by alterations in key metabolic checkpoint intermediates including pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate and succinate. These metabolic alterations were confirmed using transcriptomics and bioenergetic flux analysis. These data suggest that TDP43 truncation directly compromises glycolytic and mitochondrial function, identifying potential therapeutic targets for mitigating the effects of TDP43-Y374X truncation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P. Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Sandrelli F, Bisaglia M. Molecular and Physiological Determinants of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: What the DJ-1 Protein Teaches Us. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087674. [PMID: 37108835 PMCID: PMC10144135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset disease which causes the progressive degeneration of cortical and spinal motoneurons, leading to death a few years after the first symptom onset. ALS is mainly a sporadic disorder, and its causative mechanisms are mostly unclear. About 5-10% of cases have a genetic inheritance, and the study of ALS-associated genes has been fundamental in defining the pathological pathways likely also involved in the sporadic forms of the disease. Mutations affecting the DJ-1 gene appear to explain a subset of familial ALS forms. DJ-1 is involved in multiple molecular mechanisms, acting primarily as a protective agent against oxidative stress. Here, we focus on the involvement of DJ-1 in interconnected cellular functions related to mitochondrial homeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, energy metabolism, and hypoxia response, in both physiological and pathological conditions. We discuss the possibility that impairments in one of these pathways may affect the others, contributing to a pathological background in which additional environmental or genetic factors may act in favor of the onset and/or progression of ALS. These pathways may represent potential therapeutic targets to reduce the likelihood of developing ALS and/or slow disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Bisaglia
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Study Center for Neurodegeneration (CESNE), 35100 Padova, Italy
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7
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Abstract
The scientific landscape surrounding amyotrophic lateral sclerosis has shifted immensely with a number of well-defined ALS disease-causing genes, each with related phenotypical and cellular motor neuron processes that have come to light. Yet in spite of decades of research and clinical investigation, there is still no etiology for sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and treatment options even for those with well-defined familial syndromes are still limited. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the genetic basis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, highlighting factors that contribute to its heritability and phenotypic manifestations, and an overview of past, present, and upcoming therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Younger
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Neuroscience, CUNY School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Neurology, White Plains Hospital, White Plains, NY, United States.
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, UMass Chan Medical School, Donna M. and Robert J. Manning Chair in Neurosciences and Director in Neurotherapeutics, Worcester, MA, United States
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8
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Fels JA, Dash J, Leslie K, Manfredi G, Kawamata H. Effects of
PB‐TURSO
on the transcriptional and metabolic landscape of sporadic
ALS
fibroblasts. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:1551-1564. [PMID: 36083004 PMCID: PMC9539390 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Methods Results Interpretation
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine A. Fels
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine 407 East 61st Street New York New York 10065 USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences 1300 York Ave New York New York 10065 USA
| | - Jalia Dash
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine 407 East 61st Street New York New York 10065 USA
| | - Kent Leslie
- Amylyx Pharmaceuticals 43 Thorndike Street Cambridge Massachusetts 02141 USA
| | - Giovanni Manfredi
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine 407 East 61st Street New York New York 10065 USA
| | - Hibiki Kawamata
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine 407 East 61st Street New York New York 10065 USA
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9
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Chaytow H, Carroll E, Gordon D, Huang YT, van der Hoorn D, Smith HL, Becker T, Becker CG, Faller KME, Talbot K, Gillingwater TH. Targeting phosphoglycerate kinase 1 with terazosin improves motor neuron phenotypes in multiple models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. EBioMedicine 2022; 83:104202. [PMID: 35963713 PMCID: PMC9482929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder with heterogeneous aetiology and a complex genetic background. Effective therapies are therefore likely to act on convergent pathways such as dysregulated energy metabolism, linked to multiple neurodegenerative diseases including ALS. METHODS Activity of the glycolysis enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) was increased genetically or pharmacologically using terazosin in zebrafish, mouse and ESC-derived motor neuron models of ALS. Multiple disease phenotypes were assessed to determine the therapeutic potential of this approach, including axon growth and motor behaviour, survival and cell death following oxidative stress. FINDINGS We have found that targeting a single bioenergetic protein, PGK1, modulates motor neuron vulnerability in vivo. In zebrafish models of ALS, overexpression of PGK1 rescued motor axon phenotypes and improved motor behaviour. Treatment with terazosin, an FDA-approved compound with a known non-canonical action of increasing PGK1 activity, also improved these phenotypes. Terazosin treatment extended survival, improved motor phenotypes and increased motor neuron number in Thy1-hTDP-43 mice. In ESC-derived motor neurons expressing TDP-43M337V, terazosin protected against oxidative stress-induced cell death and increased basal glycolysis rates, while rescuing stress granule assembly. INTERPRETATION Our data demonstrate that terazosin protects motor neurons via multiple pathways, including upregulating glycolysis and rescuing stress granule formation. Repurposing terazosin therefore has the potential to increase the limited therapeutic options across all forms of ALS, irrespective of disease cause. FUNDING This work was supported by project grant funding from MND Scotland, the My Name'5 Doddie Foundation, Medical Research Council Doctoral Student Training Fellowship [Ref: BST0010Z] and Academy of Medical Sciences grant [SGL023\1100].
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Chaytow
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, UK; Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research; Edinburgh, UK
| | - Emily Carroll
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford; Oxford, UK
| | - David Gordon
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford; Oxford, UK
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, UK; Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research; Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dinja van der Hoorn
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, UK; Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research; Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hannah Louise Smith
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, UK; Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research; Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas Becker
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, UK; Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research; Edinburgh, UK; Center for Regenerative Therapies at the TU Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Catherina Gwynne Becker
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, UK; Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research; Edinburgh, UK; Center for Regenerative Therapies at the TU Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Kevin Talbot
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford; Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Henry Gillingwater
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, UK; Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research; Edinburgh, UK.
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10
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Cunha-Oliveira T, Carvalho M, Sardão V, Ferreiro E, Mena D, Pereira FB, Borges F, Oliveira PJ, Silva FSG. Integrative Profiling of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Lymphoblasts Identifies Unique Metabolic and Mitochondrial Disease Fingerprints. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6373-6396. [PMID: 35933467 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02980-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease with a rapid progression and no effective treatment. Metabolic and mitochondrial alterations in peripheral tissues of ALS patients may present diagnostic and therapeutic interest. We aimed to identify mitochondrial fingerprints in lymphoblast from ALS patients harboring SOD1 mutations (mutSOD1) or with unidentified mutations (undSOD1), compared with age-/sex-matched controls. Three groups of lymphoblasts, from mutSOD1 or undSOD1 ALS patients and age-/sex-matched controls, were obtained from Coriell Biobank and divided into 3 age-/sex-matched cohorts. Mitochondria-associated metabolic pathways were analyzed using Seahorse MitoStress and ATP Rate assays, complemented with metabolic phenotype microarrays, metabolite levels, gene expression, and protein expression and activity. Pooled (all cohorts) and paired (intra-cohort) analyses were performed by using bioinformatic tools, and the features with higher information gain values were selected and used for principal component analysis and Naïve Bayes classification. Considering the group as a target, the features that contributed to better segregation of control, undSOD1, and mutSOD1 were found to be the protein levels of Tfam and glycolytic ATP production rate. Metabolic phenotypic profiles in lymphoblasts from ALS patients with mutSOD1 and undSOD1 revealed unique age-dependent different substrate oxidation profiles. For most parameters, different patterns of variation in experimental endpoints in lymphoblasts were found between cohorts, which may be due to the age or sex of the donor. In the present work, we investigated several metabolic and mitochondrial hallmarks in lymphoblasts from each donor, and although a high heterogeneity of results was found, we identified specific metabolic and mitochondrial fingerprints, especially protein levels of Tfam and glycolytic ATP production rate, that may have a diagnostic and therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Cunha-Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Marcelo Carvalho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vilma Sardão
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Ferreiro
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Débora Mena
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco B Pereira
- CISUC-Center for Informatics & Systems, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Filomena S G Silva
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Mitotag Lda, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal.
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11
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Altered TDP-43 Structure and Function: Key Insights into Aberrant RNA, Mitochondrial, and Cellular and Systemic Metabolism in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080709. [PMID: 36005581 PMCID: PMC9415507 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal neuromuscular disorder with no cure available and limited treatment options. ALS is a highly heterogeneous disease, whereby patients present with vastly different phenotypes. Despite this heterogeneity, over 97% of patients will exhibit pathological TAR-DNA binding protein-43 (TDP-43) cytoplasmic inclusions. TDP-43 is a ubiquitously expressed RNA binding protein with the capacity to bind over 6000 RNA and DNA targets—particularly those involved in RNA, mitochondrial, and lipid metabolism. Here, we review the unique structure and function of TDP-43 and its role in affecting the aforementioned metabolic processes in ALS. Considering evidence published specifically in TDP-43-relevant in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo models we posit that TDP-43 acts in a positive feedback loop with mRNA transcription/translation, stress granules, cytoplasmic aggregates, and mitochondrial proteins causing a relentless cycle of disease-like pathology eventuating in neuronal toxicity. Given its undeniable presence in ALS pathology, TDP-43 presents as a promising target for mechanistic disease modelling and future therapeutic investigations.
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12
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Nelson AT, Trotti D. Altered Bioenergetics and Metabolic Homeostasis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:1102-1118. [PMID: 35773551 PMCID: PMC9587161 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01262-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects motor neurons and causes muscle atrophy, paralysis, and death. While a great deal of progress has been made in deciphering the underlying pathogenic mechanisms, no effective treatments for the disease are currently available. This is mainly due to the high degree of complexity and heterogeneity that characterizes the disease. Over the last few decades of research, alterations to bioenergetic and metabolic homeostasis have emerged as a common denominator across many different forms of ALS. These alterations are found at the cellular level (e.g., mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired expression of monocarboxylate transporters) and at the systemic level (e.g., low BMI and hypermetabolism) and tend to be associated with survival or disease outcomes in patients. Furthermore, an increasing amount of preclinical evidence and some promising clinical evidence suggests that targeting energy metabolism could be an effective therapeutic strategy. This review examines the evidence both for and against these ALS-associated metabolic alterations and highlights potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Nelson
- Jefferson Weinberg ALS Center, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, 900 Walnut Street, JHN Bldg., 4th floor, room 416, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Davide Trotti
- Jefferson Weinberg ALS Center, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, 900 Walnut Street, JHN Bldg., 4th floor, room 416, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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13
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Ruffini N, Klingenberg S, Heese R, Schweiger S, Gerber S. The Big Picture of Neurodegeneration: A Meta Study to Extract the Essential Evidence on Neurodegenerative Diseases in a Network-Based Approach. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:866886. [PMID: 35832065 PMCID: PMC9271745 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.866886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The common features of all neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington's disease, are the accumulation of aggregated and misfolded proteins and the progressive loss of neurons, leading to cognitive decline and locomotive dysfunction. Still, they differ in their ultimate manifestation, the affected brain region, and the kind of proteinopathy. In the last decades, a vast number of processes have been described as associated with neurodegenerative diseases, making it increasingly harder to keep an overview of the big picture forming from all those data. In this meta-study, we analyzed genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and epigenomic data of the aforementioned diseases using the data of 234 studies in a network-based approach to study significant general coherences but also specific processes in individual diseases or omics levels. In the analysis part, we focus on only some of the emerging findings, but trust that the meta-study provided here will be a valuable resource for various other researchers focusing on specific processes or genes contributing to the development of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Ruffini
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Leibniz Association, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Klingenberg
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Raoul Heese
- Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Mathematics (ITWM), Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Susann Schweiger
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Gerber
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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14
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Dysregulated miRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutical Targets in Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050770. [PMID: 35629192 PMCID: PMC9143965 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) are representative neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) characterized by degeneration of selective neurons, as well as the lack of effective biomarkers and therapeutic treatments. In the last decade, microRNAs (miRNAs) have gained considerable interest in diagnostics and therapy of NDs, owing to their aberrant expression and their ability to target multiple molecules and pathways. Here, we provide an overview of dysregulated miRNAs in fluids (blood or cerebrospinal fluid) and nervous tissue of AD, PD, and ALS patients. By emphasizing those that are commonly dysregulated in these NDs, we highlight their potential role as biomarkers or therapeutical targets and describe the use of antisense oligonucleotides as miRNA therapies.
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15
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Cudkowicz ME, Lindborg SR, Goyal NA, Miller RG, Burford MJ, Berry JD, Nicholson KA, Mozaffar T, Katz JS, Jenkins LJ, Baloh RH, Lewis RA, Staff N, Owegi MA, Berry DA, Gothelf Y, Levy YS, Aricha R, Kern RZ, Windebank AJ, Brown RH. A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Study of Mesenchymal stem cells induced to secrete high levels of neurotrophic factors in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Muscle Nerve 2021; 65:291-302. [PMID: 34890069 PMCID: PMC9305113 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction/Aims Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative illness with great unmet patient need. We aimed to evaluate whether mesenchymal stem cells induced to secrete high levels of neurotrophic factors (MSC‐NTF), a novel autologous cell‐therapy capable of targeting multiple pathways, could safely slow ALS disease progression. Methods This randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study enrolled ALS participants meeting revised El Escorial criteria, revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS‐R) ≥25 (screening) and ≥3 ALSFRS‐R points decline prior to randomization. Participants received three treatments of MSC‐NTF or placebo intrathecally. The primary endpoint evaluated efficacy of MSC‐NTF through a responder analysis and safety. A change in disease progression post‐treatment of ≥1.25 points/mo defines a clinical response. A pre‐specified analysis leveraged baseline ALSFRS‐R of 35 as a subgroup threshold. Results Overall, MSC‐NTF treatment was well tolerated; there were no safety concerns. Thirty‐three percent of MSC‐NTF and 28% of placebo participants met clinical response criteria at 28 wk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.33, P = .45); thus, the primary endpoint was not met. A pre‐specified analysis of participants with baseline ALSFRS‐R ≥ 35 (n = 58) showed a clinical response rate at 28 wk of 35% MSC‐NTF and 16% placebo (OR = 2.6, P = .29). Significant improvements in cerebrospinal biomarkers of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and neurotrophic factor support were observed with MSC‐NTF, with placebo unchanged. Discussion The study did not reach statistical significance on the primary endpoint. However, a pre‐specified subgroup suggests that MSC‐NTF participants with less severe disease may have retained more function compared to placebo. Given the unmet patient need, the results of this trial warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merit E Cudkowicz
- Healey Center, Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stacy R Lindborg
- Research and Development, Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics, New York, New York
| | - Namita A Goyal
- UCI Health ALS & Neuromuscular Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Robert G Miller
- Sutter Pacific Medical Foundation, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Matthew J Burford
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - James D Berry
- Healey Center, Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Tahseen Mozaffar
- UCI Health ALS & Neuromuscular Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Jonathan S Katz
- Sutter Pacific Medical Foundation, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Liberty J Jenkins
- Sutter Pacific Medical Foundation, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Robert H Baloh
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Richard A Lewis
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - NathanP Staff
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Margaret A Owegi
- Neurology Department, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Yael Gothelf
- Research and Development, Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics, Israel
| | | | - Revital Aricha
- Research and Development, Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics, New York, New York
| | - Ralph Z Kern
- Research and Development, Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics, New York, New York
| | - Anthony J Windebank
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Robert H Brown
- Neurology Department, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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16
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Jurcau A. Insights into the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Focus on Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11847. [PMID: 34769277 PMCID: PMC8584731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As the population ages, the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing. Due to intensive research, important steps in the elucidation of pathogenetic cascades have been made and significantly implicated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. However, the available treatment in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is mainly symptomatic, providing minor benefits and, at most, slowing down the progression of the disease. Although in preclinical setting, drugs targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress yielded encouraging results, clinical trials failed or had inconclusive results. It is likely that by the time of clinical diagnosis, the pathogenetic cascades are full-blown and significant numbers of neurons have already degenerated, making it impossible for mitochondria-targeted or antioxidant molecules to stop or reverse the process. Until further research will provide more efficient molecules, a healthy lifestyle, with plenty of dietary antioxidants and avoidance of exogenous oxidants may postpone the onset of neurodegeneration, while familial cases may benefit from genetic testing and aggressive therapy started in the preclinical stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Jurcau
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
- Neurology Ward, Clinical Municipal Hospital “dr. G. Curteanu” Oradea, 410154 Oradea, Romania
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17
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Gerou M, Hall B, Woof R, Allsop J, Kolb SJ, Meyer K, Shaw PJ, Allen SP. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis alters the metabolic aging profile in patient derived fibroblasts. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 105:64-77. [PMID: 34044197 PMCID: PMC8346650 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). As metabolic alterations are a hallmark of aging and have previously been observed in ALS, it is important to examine the effect of aging in the context of ALS metabolic function. Here, using a newly established phenotypic metabolic approach, we examined the effect of aging on the metabolic profile of fibroblasts derived from ALS cases compared to controls. We found that ALS fibroblasts have an altered metabolic profile, which is influenced by age. In control cases, we found significant increases with age in NADH metabolism in the presence of several metabolites including lactic acid, trehalose, uridine and fructose, which was not recapitulated in ALS cases. Conversely, we found a reduction of NADH metabolism with age of biopsy, age of onset and age of death in the presence of glycogen in the ALS cohort. Furthermore, we found that NADH production correlated with disease progression rates in relation to a number of metabolites including inosine and α-ketoglutaric acid. Inosine or α-ketoglutaric acid supplementation in ALS fibroblasts was bioenergetically favourable. Overall, we found aging related defects in energy substrates that feed carbon into glycolysis at various points as well as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in ALS fibroblasts, which was validated in induced neuronal progenitor cell derived iAstrocytes. Our results suggest that supplementing those pathways may protect against age related metabolic dysfunction in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Gerou
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Benjamin Hall
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ryan Woof
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jessica Allsop
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stephen J Kolb
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Centre, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kathrin Meyer
- Centre for Gene Therapy, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Scott P Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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18
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Two distinct skeletal muscle microRNA signatures revealing the complex mechanism of sporadic ALS. Acta Neurol Belg 2021; 122:1499-1509. [PMID: 34241798 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-021-01743-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle pathology is thought to have an important role in the onset and/or progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness. Since miRNAs are recognized as important regulatory factors of essential biological processes, we aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in the skeletal muscle of sporadic ALS patients through the combination of molecular-omic technologies and bioinformatic tools. We analyzed the miRnome profiles of skeletal muscle biopsies acquired from ten sALS patients and five controls with Affymetrix GeneChip miRNA 4.0 Array. To find out differentially expressed miRNAs in patients, data were analyzed by The Institute for Genomic Research-Multi Experiment Viewer (MeV) and miRNAs whose expression difference were statistically significant were identified as candidates. The potential target genes of these miRNAs were predicted by miRWalk 2.0 and were functionally enriched by gene ontology (GO) analysis. The expression level of priority candidates was validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. We identified ten differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with a fold change threshold ≥ 2.0, FDR = 0. We identified ten differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with a fold change threshold ≥ 2.0, FDR = 0. Nine out of the ten miRNAs were found to be related to top three enriched ALS-related terms. Based on the qRT-PCR validation of candidate miRNAs, patients were separated into two groups: those with upregulated miR-4429 and miR-1825 expression and those with downregulated miR-638 expression. The different muscle-specific miRNA profiles in sALS patients may indicate the involvement of etiologic heterogeneity, which may allow the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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19
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Lipidomics study of plasma from patients suggest that ALS and PLS are part of a continuum of motor neuron disorders. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13562. [PMID: 34193885 PMCID: PMC8245424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor neuron disorders (MND) include a group of pathologies that affect upper and/or lower motor neurons. Among them, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by progressive muscle weakness, with fatal outcomes only in a few years after diagnosis. On the other hand, primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), a more benign form of MND that only affects upper motor neurons, results in life-long progressive motor dysfunction. Although the outcomes are quite different, ALS and PLS present with similar symptoms at disease onset, to the degree that both disorders could be considered part of a continuum. These similarities and the lack of reliable biomarkers often result in delays in accurate diagnosis and/or treatment. In the nervous system, lipids exert a wide variety of functions, including roles in cell structure, synaptic transmission, and multiple metabolic processes. Thus, the study of the absolute and relative concentrations of a subset of lipids in human pathology can shed light into these cellular processes and unravel alterations in one or more pathways. In here, we report the lipid composition of longitudinal plasma samples from ALS and PLS patients initially, and after 2 years following enrollment in a clinical study. Our analysis revealed common aspects of these pathologies suggesting that, from the lipidomics point of view, PLS and ALS behave as part of a continuum of motor neuron disorders.
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20
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Han R, Liang J, Zhou B. Glucose Metabolic Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases-New Mechanistic Insights and the Potential of Hypoxia as a Prospective Therapy Targeting Metabolic Reprogramming. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115887. [PMID: 34072616 PMCID: PMC8198281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is the main circulating energy substrate for the adult brain. Owing to the high energy demand of nerve cells, glucose is actively oxidized to produce ATP and has a synergistic effect with mitochondria in metabolic pathways. The dysfunction of glucose metabolism inevitably disturbs the normal functioning of neurons, which is widely observed in neurodegenerative disease. Understanding the mechanisms of metabolic adaptation during disease progression has become a major focus of research, and interventions in these processes may relieve the neurons from degenerative stress. In this review, we highlight evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased glucose uptake, and diminished glucose metabolism in different neurodegeneration models such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington’s disease (HD). We also discuss how hypoxia, a metabolic reprogramming strategy linked to glucose metabolism in tumor cells and normal brain cells, and summarize the evidence for hypoxia as a putative therapy for general neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Interdisciplinary Innovation Institute of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (R.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Jing Liang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Interdisciplinary Innovation Institute of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (R.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Bing Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Interdisciplinary Innovation Institute of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (R.H.); (J.L.)
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence:
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21
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Xu RS, Yuan M. Considerations on the concept, definition, and diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1723-1729. [PMID: 33510061 PMCID: PMC8328770 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.306065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept, definition, and diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) currently present some problems. This article systematically reviews the literature on the history, current concepts, definition, and diagnosis of ALS, and discloses the present problems based on the retrieved literature and the authors’ clinical experience. The current concepts and definitions of ALS have not yet been unified or standardized in clinical practice, and are sometimes vague or inaccurate, which can cause difficulties for neurologists in the clinical treatment of ALS. The concept and definition of ALS need to be further ascertained, and the current diagnostic criteria for ALS require further development. The identification of effective and objective biomarkers may be a feasible method for the early and accurate diagnosis of ALS. Therefore, future research should focus on the identification of reliable biomarkers—especially neuroimaging biomarkers—through autopsy. Standardizing the concept and definition of ALS and formulating clear diagnostic criteria will largely avoid many uncertainties in the future clinical research and treatment of ALS, which will greatly benefit patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Shi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Min Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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22
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Ruffini N, Klingenberg S, Schweiger S, Gerber S. Common Factors in Neurodegeneration: A Meta-Study Revealing Shared Patterns on a Multi-Omics Scale. Cells 2020; 9:E2642. [PMID: 33302607 PMCID: PMC7764447 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are heterogeneous, progressive diseases with frequently overlapping symptoms characterized by a loss of neurons. Studies have suggested relations between neurodegenerative diseases for many years (e.g., regarding the aggregation of toxic proteins or triggering endogenous cell death pathways). We gathered publicly available genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data from 177 studies and more than one million patients to detect shared genetic patterns between the neurodegenerative diseases on three analyzed omics-layers. The results show a remarkably high number of shared differentially expressed genes between the transcriptomic and proteomic levels for all conditions, while showing a significant relation between genomic and proteomic data between AD and PD and AD and ALS. We identified a set of 139 genes being differentially expressed in several transcriptomic experiments of all four diseases. These 139 genes showed overrepresented gene ontology (GO) Terms involved in the development of neurodegeneration, such as response to heat and hypoxia, positive regulation of cytokines and angiogenesis, and RNA catabolic process. Furthermore, the four analyzed neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) were clustered by their mean direction of regulation throughout all transcriptomic studies for this set of 139 genes, with the closest relation regarding this common gene set seen between AD and HD. GO-Term and pathway analysis of the proteomic overlap led to biological processes (BPs), related to protein folding and humoral immune response. Taken together, we could confirm the existence of many relations between Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis on transcriptomic and proteomic levels by analyzing the pathways and GO-Terms arising in these intersections. The significance of the connection and the striking relation of the results to processes leading to neurodegeneration between the transcriptomic and proteomic data for all four analyzed neurodegenerative diseases showed that exploring many studies simultaneously, including multiple omics-layers of different neurodegenerative diseases simultaneously, holds new relevant insights that do not emerge from analyzing these data separately. Furthermore, the results shed light on processes like the humoral immune response that have previously been described only for certain diseases. Our data therefore suggest human patients with neurodegenerative diseases should be addressed as complex biological systems by integrating multiple underlying data sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Ruffini
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (N.R.); (S.K.); (S.S.)
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Leibniz Association, Wallstraße 7, 55122 Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Klingenberg
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (N.R.); (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Susann Schweiger
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (N.R.); (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Susanne Gerber
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (N.R.); (S.K.); (S.S.)
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23
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Bell SM, Burgess T, Lee J, Blackburn DJ, Allen SP, Mortiboys H. Peripheral Glycolysis in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8924. [PMID: 33255513 PMCID: PMC7727792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of nervous system conditions characterised pathologically by the abnormal deposition of protein throughout the brain and spinal cord. One common pathophysiological change seen in all neurodegenerative disease is a change to the metabolic function of nervous system and peripheral cells. Glycolysis is the conversion of glucose to pyruvate or lactate which results in the generation of ATP and has been shown to be abnormal in peripheral cells in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Changes to the glycolytic pathway are seen early in neurodegenerative disease and highlight how in multiple neurodegenerative conditions pathology is not always confined to the nervous system. In this paper, we review the abnormalities described in glycolysis in the three most common neurodegenerative diseases. We show that in all three diseases glycolytic changes are seen in fibroblasts, and red blood cells, and that liver, kidney, muscle and white blood cells have abnormal glycolysis in certain diseases. We highlight there is potential for peripheral glycolysis to be developed into multiple types of disease biomarker, but large-scale bio sampling and deciphering how glycolysis is inherently altered in neurodegenerative disease in multiple patients' needs to be accomplished first to meet this aim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M. Bell
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neurosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (T.B.); (J.L.); (D.J.B.); (S.P.A.); (H.M.)
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24
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Morello G, Salomone S, D’Agata V, Conforti FL, Cavallaro S. From Multi-Omics Approaches to Precision Medicine in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:577755. [PMID: 33192262 PMCID: PMC7661549 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.577755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating and fatal neurodegenerative disorder, caused by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons for which there is no truly effective cure. The lack of successful treatments can be well explained by the complex and heterogeneous nature of ALS, with patients displaying widely distinct clinical features and progression patterns, and distinct molecular mechanisms underlying the phenotypic heterogeneity. Thus, stratifying ALS patients into consistent and clinically relevant subgroups can be of great value for the development of new precision diagnostics and targeted therapeutics for ALS patients. In the last years, the use and integration of high-throughput "omics" approaches have dramatically changed our thinking about ALS, improving our understanding of the complex molecular architecture of ALS, distinguishing distinct patient subtypes and providing a rational foundation for the discovery of biomarkers and new individualized treatments. In this review, we discuss the most significant contributions of omics technologies in unraveling the biological heterogeneity of ALS, highlighting how these approaches are revealing diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic targets for future personalized interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Morello
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Catania, Italy
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Salomone
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Velia D’Agata
- Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Sebastiano Cavallaro
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Catania, Italy
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25
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Human Autopsy-Derived Scalp Fibroblast Biobanking for Age-Related Neurodegenerative Disease Research. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112383. [PMID: 33143239 PMCID: PMC7692621 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Arizona Study of Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders/Brain and Body Donation Program at Banner Sun Health Research Institute (BSHRI) is a longitudinal clinicopathological study with a current enrollment of more than 900 living subjects for aging and neurodegenerative disease research. Annual clinical assessments are done by cognitive and movement neurologists and neuropsychologists. Brain and body tissues are collected at a median postmortem interval of 3.0 h for neuropathological diagnosis and banking. Since 2018, the program has undertaken banking of scalp fibroblasts derived from neuropathologically characterized donors with Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we describe the procedure development and cell characteristics from 14 male and 15 female donors (mean ± SD of age: 83.6 ± 12.2). Fibroblasts from explant cultures were banked at passage 3. The results of mRNA analysis showed positive expression of fibroblast activation protein, vimentin, fibronectin, and THY1 cell surface antigen. We also demonstrated that the banked fibroblasts from a postmortem elderly donor were successfully reprogramed to human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Taken together, we have demonstrated the successful establishment of a human autopsy-derived fibroblast banking program. The cryogenically preserved cells are available for request at the program website of the BSHRI.
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26
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Floare ML, Allen SP. Why TDP-43? Why Not? Mechanisms of Metabolic Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurosci Insights 2020; 15:2633105520957302. [PMID: 32995749 PMCID: PMC7503004 DOI: 10.1177/2633105520957302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder for which there is no effective curative treatment available and minimal palliative care. Mutations in the gene encoding the TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) are a well-recognized genetic cause of ALS, and an imbalance in energy homeostasis correlates closely to disease susceptibility and progression. Considering previous research supporting a plethora of downstream cellular impairments originating in the histopathological signature of TDP-43, and the solid evidence around metabolic dysfunction in ALS, a causal association between TDP-43 pathology and metabolic dysfunction cannot be ruled out. Here we discuss how TDP-43 contributes on a molecular level to these impairments in energy homeostasis, and whether the protein's pathological effects on cellular metabolism differ from those of other genetic risk factors associated with ALS such as superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72) and fused in sarcoma (FUS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara-Luciana Floare
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Scott P. Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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27
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Immiscible inclusion bodies formed by polyglutamine and poly(glycine-alanine) are enriched with distinct proteomes but converge in proteins that are risk factors for disease and involved in protein degradation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233247. [PMID: 32857759 PMCID: PMC7455042 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(glycine-alanine) (polyGA) is one of the polydipeptides expressed in Frontotemporal Dementia and/or Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 1 caused by C9ORF72 mutations and accumulates as inclusion bodies in the brain of patients. Superficially these inclusions are similar to those formed by polyglutamine (polyQ)-expanded Huntingtin exon 1 (Httex1) in Huntington’s disease. Both have been reported to form an amyloid-like structure suggesting they might aggregate via similar mechanisms and therefore recruit the same repertoire of endogenous proteins. When co-expressed in the same cell, polyGA101 and Httex1(Q97) inclusions adopted immiscible phases suggesting different endogenous proteins would be enriched. Proteomic analyses identified 822 proteins in the inclusions. Only 7 were specific to polyGA and 4 specific to Httex1(Q97). Quantitation demonstrated distinct enrichment patterns for the proteins not specific to each inclusion type (up to ~8-fold normalized to total mass). The proteasome, microtubules, TriC chaperones, and translational machinery were enriched in polyGA aggregates, whereas Dnaj chaperones, nuclear envelope and RNA splicing proteins were enriched in Httex1(Q97) aggregates. Both structures revealed a collection of folding and degradation machinery including proteins in the Httex1(Q97) aggregates that are risk factors for other neurodegenerative diseases involving protein aggregation when mutated, which suggests a convergence point in the pathomechanisms of these diseases.
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Chen Q, Konrad C, Sandhu D, Roychoudhury D, Schwartz BI, Cheng RR, Bredvik K, Kawamata H, Calder EL, Studer L, Fischer SM, Manfredi G, Gross SS. Accelerated transsulfuration metabolically defines a discrete subclass of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 144:105025. [PMID: 32745521 PMCID: PMC7491150 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a disease characterized by progressive paralysis and death. Most ALS-cases are sporadic (sALS) and patient heterogeneity poses challenges for effective therapies. Applying metabolite profiling on 77-sALS patient-derived-fibroblasts and 43-controls, we found ~25% of sALS cases (termed sALS-1) are characterized by transsulfuration pathway upregulation, where methionine-derived-homocysteine is channeled into cysteine for glutathione synthesis. sALS-1 fibroblasts selectively exhibited a growth defect under oxidative conditions, fully-rescued by N-acetylcysteine (NAC). [U–13C]-glucose tracing showed transsulfuration pathway activation with accelerated glucose flux into the Krebs cycle. We established a four-metabolite support vector machine model predicting sALS-1 metabotype with 97.5% accuracy. Both sALS-1 metabotype and growth phenotype were validated in an independent cohort of sALS cases. Importantly, plasma metabolite profiling identified a system-wide cysteine metabolism perturbation as a hallmark of sALS-1. Findings reveal that sALS patients can be stratified into distinct metabotypes with differential sensitivity to metabolic stress, providing novel insights for personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Csaba Konrad
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Davinder Sandhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Roger R Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kirsten Bredvik
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hibiki Kawamata
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Calder
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorenz Studer
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Giovanni Manfredi
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Steven S Gross
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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29
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Splicing Players Are Differently Expressed in Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Molecular Clusters and Brain Regions. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010159. [PMID: 31936368 PMCID: PMC7017305 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Splicing is a tightly orchestrated process by which the brain produces protein diversity over time and space. While this process specializes and diversifies neurons, its deregulation may be responsible for their selective degeneration. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), splicing defects have been investigated at the singular gene level without considering the higher-order level, involving the entire splicing machinery. In this study, we analyzed the complete spectrum (396) of genes encoding splicing factors in the motor cortex (41) and spinal cord (40) samples from control and sporadic ALS (SALS) patients. A substantial number of genes (184) displayed significant expression changes in tissue types or disease states, were implicated in distinct splicing complexes and showed different topological hierarchical roles based on protein–protein interactions. The deregulation of one of these splicing factors has a central topological role, i.e., the transcription factor YBX1, which might also have an impact on stress granule formation, a pathological marker associated with ALS.
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30
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Allen SP, Hall B, Castelli LM, Francis L, Woof R, Siskos AP, Kouloura E, Gray E, Thompson AG, Talbot K, Higginbottom A, Myszczynska M, Allen CF, Stopford MJ, Hemingway J, Bauer CS, Webster CP, De Vos KJ, Turner MR, Keun HC, Hautbergue GM, Ferraiuolo L, Shaw PJ. Astrocyte adenosine deaminase loss increases motor neuron toxicity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2020; 142:586-605. [PMID: 30698736 PMCID: PMC6391613 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As clinical evidence supports a negative impact of dysfunctional energy metabolism on the disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, it is vital to understand how the energy metabolic pathways are altered and whether they can be restored to slow disease progression. Possible approaches include increasing or rerouting catabolism of alternative fuel sources to supplement the glycolytic and mitochondrial pathways such as glycogen, ketone bodies and nucleosides. To analyse the basis of the catabolic defect in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis we used a novel phenotypic metabolic array. We profiled fibroblasts and induced neuronal progenitor-derived human induced astrocytes from C9orf72 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients compared to normal controls, measuring the rates of production of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides from 91 potential energy substrates. This approach shows for the first time that C9orf72 human induced astrocytes and fibroblasts have an adenosine to inosine deamination defect caused by reduction of adenosine deaminase, which is also observed in induced astrocytes from sporadic patients. Patient-derived induced astrocyte lines were more susceptible to adenosine-induced toxicity, which could be mimicked by inhibiting adenosine deaminase in control lines. Furthermore, adenosine deaminase inhibition in control induced astrocytes led to increased motor neuron toxicity in co-cultures, similar to the levels observed with patient derived induced astrocytes. Bypassing metabolically the adenosine deaminase defect by inosine supplementation was beneficial bioenergetically in vitro, increasing glycolytic energy output and leading to an increase in motor neuron survival in co-cultures with induced astrocytes. Inosine supplementation, in combination with modulation of the level of adenosine deaminase may represent a beneficial therapeutic approach to evaluate in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
- Correspondence to: Dr Scott Allen Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK E-mail:
| | - Benjamin Hall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Lydia M Castelli
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Laura Francis
- The Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Ryan Woof
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alexandros P Siskos
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Eirini Kouloura
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Gray
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford University, John Radcliffe Hospital, West Wing Level 6, Oxford, UK
| | - Alexander G Thompson
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford University, John Radcliffe Hospital, West Wing Level 6, Oxford, UK
| | - Kevin Talbot
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford University, John Radcliffe Hospital, West Wing Level 6, Oxford, UK
| | - Adrian Higginbottom
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Monika Myszczynska
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Chloe F Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Matthew J Stopford
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jordan Hemingway
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Claudia S Bauer
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christopher P Webster
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Kurt J De Vos
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Martin R Turner
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford University, John Radcliffe Hospital, West Wing Level 6, Oxford, UK
| | - Hector C Keun
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Guillaume M Hautbergue
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Laura Ferraiuolo
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
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31
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Germeys C, Vandoorne T, Bercier V, Van Den Bosch L. Existing and Emerging Metabolomic Tools for ALS Research. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E1011. [PMID: 31817338 PMCID: PMC6947647 DOI: 10.3390/genes10121011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that aberrant energy metabolism could play an important role in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Despite this, studies applying advanced technologies to investigate energy metabolism in ALS remain scarce. The rapidly growing field of metabolomics offers exciting new possibilities for ALS research. Here, we review existing and emerging metabolomic tools that could be used to further investigate the role of metabolism in ALS. A better understanding of the metabolic state of motor neurons and their surrounding cells could hopefully result in novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Germeys
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.); (T.V.); (V.B.)
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tijs Vandoorne
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.); (T.V.); (V.B.)
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Valérie Bercier
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.); (T.V.); (V.B.)
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.); (T.V.); (V.B.)
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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32
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Allen SP, Hall B, Woof R, Francis L, Gatto N, Shaw AC, Myszczynska M, Hemingway J, Coldicott I, Willcock A, Job L, Hughes RM, Boschian C, Bayatti N, Heath PR, Bandmann O, Mortiboys H, Ferraiuolo L, Shaw PJ. C9orf72 expansion within astrocytes reduces metabolic flexibility in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2019; 142:3771-3790. [PMID: 31647549 PMCID: PMC6906594 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to understand how the disease process affects the metabolic pathways in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and whether these pathways can be manipulated to ameliorate disease progression. To analyse the basis of the metabolic defect in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis we used a phenotypic metabolic profiling approach. Using fibroblasts and reprogrammed induced astrocytes from C9orf72 and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases we measured the production rate of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NADH) from 91 potential energy substrates simultaneously. Our screening approach identified that C9orf72 and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis induced astrocytes have distinct metabolic profiles compared to controls and displayed a loss of metabolic flexibility that was not observed in fibroblast models. This loss of metabolic flexibility, involving defects in adenosine, fructose and glycogen metabolism, as well as disruptions in the membrane transport of mitochondrial specific energy substrates, contributed to increased starvation induced toxicity in C9orf72 induced astrocytes. A reduction in glycogen metabolism was attributed to loss of glycogen phosphorylase and phosphoglucomutase at the protein level in both C9orf72 induced astrocytes and induced neurons. In addition, we found alterations in the levels of fructose metabolism enzymes and a reduction in the methylglyoxal removal enzyme GLO1 in both C9orf72 and sporadic models of disease. Our data show that metabolic flexibility is important in the CNS in times of bioenergetic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Benjamin Hall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Ryan Woof
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Laura Francis
- The Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Noemi Gatto
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Allan C Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Monika Myszczynska
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Jordan Hemingway
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Ian Coldicott
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Amelia Willcock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Lucy Job
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Rachel M Hughes
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Camilla Boschian
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Nadhim Bayatti
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Paul R Heath
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Oliver Bandmann
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Heather Mortiboys
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Laura Ferraiuolo
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
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33
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Vandoorne T, Veys K, Guo W, Sicart A, Vints K, Swijsen A, Moisse M, Eelen G, Gounko NV, Fumagalli L, Fazal R, Germeys C, Quaegebeur A, Fendt SM, Carmeliet P, Verfaillie C, Van Damme P, Ghesquière B, De Bock K, Van Den Bosch L. Differentiation but not ALS mutations in FUS rewires motor neuron metabolism. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4147. [PMID: 31515480 PMCID: PMC6742665 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12099-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism has been repeatedly linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Yet, motor neuron (MN) metabolism remains poorly studied and it is unknown if ALS MNs differ metabolically from healthy MNs. To address this question, we first performed a metabolic characterization of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) versus iPSC-derived MNs and subsequently compared MNs from ALS patients carrying FUS mutations to their CRISPR/Cas9-corrected counterparts. We discovered that human iPSCs undergo a lactate oxidation-fuelled prooxidative metabolic switch when they differentiate into functional MNs. Simultaneously, they rewire metabolic routes to import pyruvate into the TCA cycle in an energy substrate specific way. By comparing patient-derived MNs and their isogenic controls, we show that ALS-causing mutations in FUS did not affect glycolytic or mitochondrial energy metabolism of human MNs in vitro. These data show that metabolic dysfunction is not the underlying cause of the ALS-related phenotypes previously observed in these MNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijs Vandoorne
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Veys
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wenting Guo
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adria Sicart
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katlijn Vints
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform and VIB Bioimaging core facility, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Swijsen
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Eelen
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natalia V Gounko
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform and VIB Bioimaging core facility, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Fumagalli
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Raheem Fazal
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Germeys
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annelies Quaegebeur
- Division of Neuropathology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- VIB, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Catherine Verfaillie
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Department of Oncology, Metabolomics Core Facility, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Department of Oncology, Metabolomics Core Facility, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien De Bock
- ETH Zürich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium.
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Foggin S, Mesquita-Ribeiro R, Dajas-Bailador F, Layfield R. Biological Significance of microRNA Biomarkers in ALS-Innocent Bystanders or Disease Culprits? Front Neurol 2019; 10:578. [PMID: 31244752 PMCID: PMC6579821 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent potential biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, whether expression changes of individual miRNAs are simply an indication of cellular dysfunction and degeneration, or actually promote functional changes in target gene expression relevant to disease pathogenesis, is unclear. Here we used bioinformatics to test the hypothesis that ALS-associated miRNAs exert their effects through targeting genes implicated in disease etiology. We documented deregulated miRNAs identified in studies of ALS patients, noting variations in participants, tissue samples, miRNA detection or quantification methods used, and functional or bioinformatic assessments (if performed). Despite lack of experimental standardization, overlap of many deregulated miRNAs between studies was noted; however, direction of reported expression changes did not always concur. The use of in silico predictions of target genes for the most commonly deregulated miRNAs, cross-referenced to a selection of previously identified ALS genes, did not support our hypothesis. Specifically, although deregulated miRNAs were predicted to commonly target ALS genes, random miRNAs gave similar predictions. To further investigate biological patterns in the deregulated miRNAs, we grouped them by tissue source in which they were identified, indicating that for a core of frequently detected miRNAs, blood/plasma/serum may be useful for future profiling experiments. We conclude that in silico predictions of gene targets of deregulated ALS miRNAs, at least using currently available algorithms, are unlikely to be sufficient in informing disease pathomechanisms. We advocate experimental functional testing of candidate miRNAs and their predicted targets, propose miRNAs to prioritise, and suggest a concerted move towards protocol standardization for biomarker identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Foggin
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Raquel Mesquita-Ribeiro
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Dajas-Bailador
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Layfield
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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35
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Pharaoh G, Sataranatarajan K, Street K, Hill S, Gregston J, Ahn B, Kinter C, Kinter M, Van Remmen H. Metabolic and Stress Response Changes Precede Disease Onset in the Spinal Cord of Mutant SOD1 ALS Mice. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:487. [PMID: 31213966 PMCID: PMC6554287 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) patients experience hypermetabolism, or an increase in measured vs. calculated metabolic rate. The cause of hypermetabolism and the effects on neuronal metabolism in ALS are currently unknown, but the efficacy of dietary interventions shows promise for metabolism as an ALS therapeutic target. The goal of this study is to measure changes in metabolic pathways as a function of disease progression in spinal cords of the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS. We conducted a comprehensive assessment of protein expression for metabolic pathways, antioxidants, chaperones, and proteases in lumbar spinal cord from male SOD1G93A mice at pre-onset, onset, and end-stages of the disease using targeted proteomic analysis. These results reveal that protein content of metabolic proteins including proteins involved in glycolysis, β-oxidation, and mitochondrial metabolism is altered in SOD1G93A mouse spinal cord well before disease onset. The changes in mitochondrial metabolism proteins are associated with decreased maximal respiration and glycolytic flux in SOD1G93A dermal fibroblasts and increased hydrogen peroxide and lipid hydroperoxide production in mitochondria from sciatic nerve and gastrocnemius muscle fibers at end stage of disease. Consistent with redox dysregulation, expression of the glutathione antioxidant system is decreased, and peroxiredoxins and catalase expression are increased. In addition, stress response proteases and chaperones, including those involved in the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), are induced before disease onset. In summary, we report that metabolic and stress response changes occur in SOD1G93A lumbar spinal cord before motor symptom onset, and are primarily caused by SOD1G93A expression and do not vary greatly as a function of disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Pharaoh
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.,Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | | | - Kaitlyn Street
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Shauna Hill
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.,Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Jake Gregston
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Bumsoo Ahn
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Caroline Kinter
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Michael Kinter
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Holly Van Remmen
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.,Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.,Oklahoma City VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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36
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Ezquerra M, Martí MJ, Fernández-Santiago R. Parkinson's disease as a systemic pathology. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:1081-1082. [PMID: 30745469 PMCID: PMC6402515 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Ezquerra
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, UB, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - María-José Martí
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, UB, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - Rubén Fernández-Santiago
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, UB, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid 28031, Spain
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37
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Bennett SA, Tanaz R, Cobos SN, Torrente MP. Epigenetics in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a role for histone post-translational modifications in neurodegenerative disease. Transl Res 2019; 204:19-30. [PMID: 30391475 PMCID: PMC6331271 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the third most common adult onset neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. It is generally characterized by progressive paralysis starting at the limbs ultimately leading to death caused by respiratory failure. There is no cure and current treatments fail to slow the progression of the disease. As such, new treatment options are desperately needed. Epigenetic targets are an attractive possibility because they are reversible. Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene expression unrelated to changes in DNA sequence. Three main epigenetic mechanisms include the methylation of DNA, microRNAs and the post-translational modification of histone proteins. Histone modifications occur in many amino acid residues and include phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation as well as other chemical moieties. Recent evidence points to a possible role for epigenetic mechanisms in the etiology of ALS. Here, we review recent advances linking ALS and epigenetics, with a strong focus on histone modifications. Both local and global changes in histone modification profiles are associated with ALS drawing attention to potential targets for future diagnostic and treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth A Bennett
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NewYork; Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York
| | - Royena Tanaz
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NewYork
| | - Samantha N Cobos
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NewYork; Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016
| | - Mariana P Torrente
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NewYork; Ph.D. Programs in Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Biology, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York.
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Gagliardi D, Comi GP, Bresolin N, Corti S. MicroRNAs as regulators of cell death mechanisms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:1647-1656. [PMID: 30614179 PMCID: PMC6378226 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper and lower motor neurons (MNs), resulting in paralysis and precocious death from respiratory failure. Although the causes of ALS are incompletely understood, the role of alterations in RNA metabolism seems central. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs implicated in the regulation of gene expression of many relevant physiological processes, including cell death. The recent model of programmed cell death (PCD) encompasses different mechanisms, from apoptosis to regulated necrosis (RN), in particular necroptosis. Both apoptosis and necroptosis play a significant role in the progressive death of MNs in ALS. In this review, we present key research related to miRNAs that modulate apoptosis and RN pathways in ALS. We also discuss whether these miRNAs represent potential targets for therapeutic development in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Gagliardi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo P Comi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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van Rheenen W, Diekstra FP, Harschnitz O, Westeneng HJ, van Eijk KR, Saris CGJ, Groen EJN, van Es MA, Blauw HM, van Vught PWJ, Veldink JH, van den Berg LH. Whole blood transcriptome analysis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A biomarker study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198874. [PMID: 29939990 PMCID: PMC6016933 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological pathways involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remain elusive and diagnostic decision-making can be challenging. Gene expression studies are valuable in overcoming such challenges since they can shed light on differentially regulated pathways and may ultimately identify valuable biomarkers. This two-stage transcriptome-wide study, including 397 ALS patients and 645 control subjects, identified 2,943 differentially expressed transcripts predominantly involved in RNA binding and intracellular transport. When batch effects between the two stages were overcome, three different models (support vector machines, nearest shrunken centroids, and LASSO) discriminated ALS patients from control subjects in the validation stage with high accuracy. The models’ accuracy reduced considerably when discriminating ALS from diseases that mimic ALS clinically (N = 75), nor could it predict survival. We here show that whole blood transcriptome profiles are able to reveal biological processes involved in ALS. Also, this study shows that using these profiles to differentiate between ALS and mimic syndromes will be challenging, even when taking batch effects in transcriptome data into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Frank P. Diekstra
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Oliver Harschnitz
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Westeneng
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kristel R. van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Christiaan G. J. Saris
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ewout J. N. Groen
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Michael A. van Es
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hylke M. Blauw
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul W. J. van Vught
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan H. Veldink
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Leonard H. van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Oliveira-Giacomelli Á, Naaldijk Y, Sardá-Arroyo L, Gonçalves MCB, Corrêa-Velloso J, Pillat MM, de Souza HDN, Ulrich H. Purinergic Receptors in Neurological Diseases With Motor Symptoms: Targets for Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:325. [PMID: 29692728 PMCID: PMC5902708 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since proving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) functions as a neurotransmitter in neuron/glia interactions, the purinergic system has been more intensely studied within the scope of the central nervous system. In neurological disorders with associated motor symptoms, including Parkinson's disease (PD), motor neuron diseases (MND), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's Disease (HD), restless leg syndrome (RLS), and ataxias, alterations in purinergic receptor expression and activity have been noted, indicating a potential role for this system in disease etiology and progression. In neurodegenerative conditions, neural cell death provokes extensive ATP release and alters calcium signaling through purinergic receptor modulation. Consequently, neuroinflammatory responses, excitotoxicity and apoptosis are directly or indirectly induced. This review analyzes currently available data, which suggests involvement of the purinergic system in neuro-associated motor dysfunctions and underlying mechanisms. Possible targets for pharmacological interventions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yahaira Naaldijk
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura Sardá-Arroyo
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria C. B. Gonçalves
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Medical School, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Corrêa-Velloso
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Micheli M. Pillat
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Héllio D. N. de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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41
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Vandoorne T, De Bock K, Van Den Bosch L. Energy metabolism in ALS: an underappreciated opportunity? Acta Neuropathol 2018; 135:489-509. [PMID: 29549424 PMCID: PMC5978930 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-018-1835-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a relentlessly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects motor neurons. Despite our increased understanding of the genetic factors contributing to ALS, no effective treatment is available. A growing body of evidence shows disturbances in energy metabolism in ALS. Moreover, the remarkable vulnerability of motor neurons to ATP depletion has become increasingly clear. Here, we review metabolic alterations present in ALS patients and models, discuss the selective vulnerability of motor neurons to energetic stress, and provide an overview of tested and emerging metabolic approaches to treat ALS. We believe that a further understanding of the metabolic biology of ALS can lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijs Vandoorne
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 4, Herestraat 49, PB 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien De Bock
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 4, Herestraat 49, PB 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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42
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González-Casacuberta I, Morén C, Juárez-Flores DL, Esteve-Codina A, Sierra C, Catalán-García M, Guitart-Mampel M, Tobías E, Milisenda JC, Pont-Sunyer C, Martí MJ, Cardellach F, Tolosa E, Artuch R, Ezquerra M, Fernández-Santiago R, Garrabou G. Transcriptional alterations in skin fibroblasts from Parkinson's disease patients with parkin mutations. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 65:206-216. [PMID: 29501959 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the parkin gene (PRKN) are the most common cause of autosomal-recessive juvenile Parkinson's disease (PD). PRKN encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase that is involved in multiple regulatory functions including proteasomal-mediated protein turnover, mitochondrial function, mitophagy, and cell survival. However, the precise molecular events mediated by PRKN mutations in PRKN-associated PD (PRKN-PD) remain unknown. To elucidate the cellular impact of parkin mutations, we performed an RNA sequencing study in skin fibroblasts from PRKN-PD patients carrying different PRKN mutations (n = 4) and genetically unrelated healthy subjects (n = 4). We identified 343 differentially expressed genes in PRKN-PD fibroblasts. Gene ontology and canonical pathway analysis revealed enrichment of differentially expressed genes in processes such as cell adhesion, cell growth, and amino acid and folate metabolism among others. Our findings indicate that PRKN mutations are associated with large global gene expression changes as observed in fibroblasts from PRKN-PD patients and support the view of PD as a systemic disease affecting also non-neural peripheral tissues such as the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid González-Casacuberta
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Constanza Morén
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana-Luz Juárez-Flores
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Sierra
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Catalán-García
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariona Guitart-Mampel
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Tobías
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José César Milisenda
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claustre Pont-Sunyer
- Laboratory of Parkison Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders: Clinical and Experimental Research-CELLEX, IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UB, Department of Neurology-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Martí
- Laboratory of Parkison Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders: Clinical and Experimental Research-CELLEX, IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UB, Department of Neurology-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Cardellach
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Tolosa
- Laboratory of Parkison Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders: Clinical and Experimental Research-CELLEX, IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UB, Department of Neurology-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Artuch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mario Ezquerra
- Laboratory of Parkison Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders: Clinical and Experimental Research-CELLEX, IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UB, Department of Neurology-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rubén Fernández-Santiago
- Laboratory of Parkison Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders: Clinical and Experimental Research-CELLEX, IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UB, Department of Neurology-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Glòria Garrabou
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function-CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Codron P, Cassereau J, Vourc’h P, Veyrat-Durebex C, Blasco H, Kane S, Procaccio V, Letournel F, Verny C, Lenaers G, Reynier P, Chevrollier A. Primary fibroblasts derived from sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients do not show ALS cytological lesions. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2018; 19:446-456. [DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2018.1431787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Codron
- Department of Neurology, ALS Center, University Hospital of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
- MitoLab Unit, MITOVASC Institute, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, University of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuropathology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
| | - Julien Cassereau
- Department of Neurology, ALS Center, University Hospital of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
- MitoLab Unit, MITOVASC Institute, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, University of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
| | - Patrick Vourc’h
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital of Tours, Tours Cedex 1, France, and
- School of Medicine, INSERM U930, François-Rabelais University, Tours Cedex 1, France
| | - Charlotte Veyrat-Durebex
- MitoLab Unit, MITOVASC Institute, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, University of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
| | - Hélène Blasco
- MitoLab Unit, MITOVASC Institute, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, University of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital of Tours, Tours Cedex 1, France, and
- School of Medicine, INSERM U930, François-Rabelais University, Tours Cedex 1, France
| | - Selma Kane
- MitoLab Unit, MITOVASC Institute, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, University of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
| | - Vincent Procaccio
- MitoLab Unit, MITOVASC Institute, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, University of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
| | - Franck Letournel
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuropathology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
| | - Christophe Verny
- MitoLab Unit, MITOVASC Institute, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, University of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
| | - Guy Lenaers
- MitoLab Unit, MITOVASC Institute, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, University of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
| | - Pascal Reynier
- MitoLab Unit, MITOVASC Institute, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, University of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
| | - Arnaud Chevrollier
- MitoLab Unit, MITOVASC Institute, CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, University of Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France,
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Henriques A, Croixmarie V, Bouscary A, Mosbach A, Keime C, Boursier-Neyret C, Walter B, Spedding M, Loeffler JP. Sphingolipid Metabolism Is Dysregulated at Transcriptomic and Metabolic Levels in the Spinal Cord of an Animal Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 10:433. [PMID: 29354030 PMCID: PMC5758557 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is drastically dysregulated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and impacts prognosis of patients. Animal models recapitulate alterations in the energy metabolism, including hypermetabolism and severe loss of adipose tissue. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, we have performed RNA-sequencing and lipidomic profiling in spinal cord of symptomatic SOD1G86R mice. Spinal transcriptome of SOD1G86R mice was characterized by differential expression of genes related to immune system, extracellular exosome, and lysosome. Hypothesis-driven identification of metabolites showed that lipids, including sphingomyelin(d18:0/26:1), ceramide(d18:1/22:0), and phosphatidylcholine(o-22:1/20:4) showed profound altered levels. A correlation between disease severity and gene expression or metabolite levels was found for sphingosine, ceramide(d18:1/26:0), Sgpp2, Sphk1, and Ugt8a. Joint-analysis revealed a significant enrichment of glycosphingolipid metabolism in SOD1G86R mice, due to the down-regulation of ceramide, glucosylceramide, and lactosylceramide and the overexpression of genes involved in their recycling in the lysosome. A drug-gene interaction database was interrogated to identify potential drugs able to modulate the dysregulated genes from the signaling pathway. Our results suggest that complex lipids are pivotally changed during the first phase of motor symptoms in an animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Henriques
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR_S 1118, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM, U1118, Mécanismes Centraux et Périphériques de la Neurodégénérescence, Strasbourg, France.,Spedding Research Solutions SAS, Le Vesinet, France
| | | | - Alexandra Bouscary
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR_S 1118, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM, U1118, Mécanismes Centraux et Périphériques de la Neurodégénérescence, Strasbourg, France
| | - Althéa Mosbach
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR_S 1118, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM, U1118, Mécanismes Centraux et Périphériques de la Neurodégénérescence, Strasbourg, France
| | - Céline Keime
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM, U964, CNRS, UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | | | | | | | - Jean-Philippe Loeffler
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR_S 1118, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM, U1118, Mécanismes Centraux et Périphériques de la Neurodégénérescence, Strasbourg, France
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45
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Hawley ZCE, Campos-Melo D, Droppelmann CA, Strong MJ. MotomiRs: miRNAs in Motor Neuron Function and Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:127. [PMID: 28522960 PMCID: PMC5415563 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are key regulators of the mammalian transcriptome that have been increasingly linked to degenerative diseases of the motor neurons. Although many of the miRNAs currently incriminated as participants in the pathogenesis of these diseases are also important to the normal development and function of motor neurons, at present there is no knowledge of the complete miRNA profile of motor neurons. In this review, we examine the current understanding with respect to miRNAs that are specifically required for motor neuron development, function and viability, and provide evidence that these should be considered as a functional network of miRNAs which we have collectively termed MotomiRs. We will also summarize those MotomiRs currently known to be associated with both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and discuss their potential use as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary C E Hawley
- Molecular Medicine Group, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondon, ON, Canada
| | - Danae Campos-Melo
- Molecular Medicine Group, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondon, ON, Canada
| | - Cristian A Droppelmann
- Molecular Medicine Group, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondon, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J Strong
- Molecular Medicine Group, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondon, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondon, ON, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondon, ON, Canada
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46
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Tefera TW, Borges K. Metabolic Dysfunctions in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Potential Metabolic Treatments. Front Neurosci 2017; 10:611. [PMID: 28119559 PMCID: PMC5222822 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease primarily characterized by loss of motor neurons in brain and spinal cord. The death of motor neurons leads to denervation of muscle which in turn causes muscle weakness and paralysis, decreased respiratory function and eventually death. Growing evidence indicates disturbances in energy metabolism in patients with ALS and animal models of ALS, which are likely to contribute to disease progression. Particularly, defects in glucose metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction limit the availability of ATP to CNS tissues and muscle. Several metabolic approaches improving mitochondrial function have been investigated in vitro and in vivo and showed varying effects in ALS. The effects of metabolic approaches in ALS models encompass delays in onset of motor symptoms, protection of motor neurons and extension of survival, which signifies an important role of metabolism in the pathogenesis of the disease. There is now an urgent need to test metabolic approaches in controlled clinical trials. In addition, more detailed studies to better characterize the abnormalities in energy metabolism in patients with ALS and ALS models are necessary to develop metabolically targeted effective therapies that can slow the progression of the disease and prolong life for patients with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karin Borges
- Laboratory for Neurological Disorders and Metabolism, School of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, The University of QueenslandBrisbane, QLD, Australia
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Won YH, Lee MY, Choi YC, Ha Y, Kim H, Kim DY, Kim MS, Yu JH, Seo JH, Kim M, Cho SR, Kang SW. Elucidation of Relevant Neuroinflammation Mechanisms Using Gene Expression Profiling in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165290. [PMID: 27812125 PMCID: PMC5094695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by damage of motor neurons. Recent reports indicate that inflammatory responses occurring within the central nervous system contribute to the pathogenesis of ALS. We aimed to investigate disease-specific gene expression associated with neuroinflammation by conducting transcriptome analysis on fibroblasts from three patients with sporadic ALS and three normal controls. Several pathways were found to be upregulated in patients with ALS, among which the toll-like receptor (TLR) and NOD-like receptor (NLR) signaling pathways are related to the immune response. Genes—toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP), mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 (MAPK9), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1)—related to these two pathways were validated using western blotting. This study validated the genes that are associated with TLR and NLR signaling pathways from different types of patient-derived cells. Not only fibroblasts but also induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and neural rosettes from the same origins showed similar expression patterns. Furthermore, expression of TOLLIP, a regulator of TLR signaling pathway, decreased with cellular aging as judged by changes in its expression through multiple passages. TOLLIP expression was downregulated in ALS cells under conditions of inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide. Our data suggest that the TLR and NLR signaling pathways are involved in pathological innate immunity and neuroinflammation associated with ALS and that TOLLIP, MAPK9, IL-1β, IL-8, and CXCL1 play a role in ALS-specific immune responses. Moreover, changes of TOLLIP expression might be associated with progression of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hui Won
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
- Department of Medicine, the Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Young Lee
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Chul Choi
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Ha
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine & Spinal Cord Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyongbum Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Sun Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hea Yu
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hwa Seo
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - MinGi Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Rae Cho
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (SWK); (SRC)
| | - Seong-Woong Kang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Medicine, the Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (SWK); (SRC)
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Oligodendrocytes contribute to motor neuron death in ALS via SOD1-dependent mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E6496-E6505. [PMID: 27688759 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1607496113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes have recently been implicated in the pathophysiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here we show that, in vitro, mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) mouse oligodendrocytes induce WT motor neuron (MN) hyperexcitability and death. Moreover, we efficiently derived human oligodendrocytes from a large number of controls and patients with sporadic and familial ALS, using two different reprogramming methods. All ALS oligodendrocyte lines induced MN death through conditioned medium (CM) and in coculture. CM-mediated MN death was associated with decreased lactate production and release, whereas toxicity in coculture was lactate-independent, demonstrating that MN survival is mediated not only by soluble factors. Remarkably, human SOD1 shRNA treatment resulted in MN rescue in both mouse and human cultures when knockdown was achieved in progenitor cells, whereas it was ineffective in differentiated oligodendrocytes. In fact, early SOD1 knockdown rescued lactate impairment and cell toxicity in all lines tested, with the exclusion of samples carrying chromosome 9 ORF 72 (C9orf72) repeat expansions. These did not respond to SOD1 knockdown nor did they show lactate release impairment. Our data indicate that SOD1 is directly or indirectly involved in ALS oligodendrocyte pathology and suggest that in this cell type, some damage might be irreversible. In addition, we demonstrate that patients with C9ORF72 represent an independent patient group that might not respond to the same treatment.
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Patin F, Corcia P, Vourc’h P, Nadal-Desbarats L, Baranek T, Goossens JF, Marouillat S, Dessein AF, Descat A, Madji Hounoum B, Bruno C, Leman S, Andres CR, Blasco H. Omics to Explore Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Evolution: the Central Role of Arginine and Proline Metabolism. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:5361-5374. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Triheptanoin Protects Motor Neurons and Delays the Onset of Motor Symptoms in a Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161816. [PMID: 27564703 PMCID: PMC5001695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that energy metabolism is disturbed in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) patients and animal models. Treatment with triheptanoin, the triglyceride of heptanoate, is a promising approach to provide alternative fuel to improve oxidative phosphorylation and aid ATP generation. Heptanoate can be metabolized to propionyl-CoA, which after carboxylation can produce succinyl-CoA and thereby re-fill the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (anaplerosis). Here we tested the hypothesis that treatment with triheptanoin prevents motor neuron loss and delays the onset of disease symptoms in female mice overexpressing the mutant human SOD1G93A (hSOD1G93A) gene. When oral triheptanoin (35% of caloric content) was initiated at P35, motor neuron loss at 70 days of age was attenuated by 33%. In untreated hSOD1G93A mice, the loss of hind limb grip strength began at 16.7 weeks. Triheptanoin maintained hind limb grip strength for 2.8 weeks longer (p<0.01). Loss of balance on the rotarod and reduction of body weight were delayed by 13 and 11 days respectively (both p<0.01). Improved motor function occurred in parallel with alterations in the expression of genes associated with muscle metabolism. In gastrocnemius muscles, the mRNA levels of pyruvate, 2-oxoglutarate and succinate dehydrogenases and methyl-malonyl mutase were reduced by 24–33% in 10 week old hSOD1G93A mice when compared to wild-type mice, suggesting that TCA cycling in skeletal muscle may be slowed in this ALS mouse model at a stage when muscle strength is still normal. At 25 weeks of age, mRNA levels of succinate dehydrogenases, glutamic pyruvic transaminase 2 and the propionyl carboxylase β subunit were reduced by 69–84% in control, but not in triheptanoin treated hSOD1G93A animals. Taken together, our results suggest that triheptanoin slows motor neuron loss and the onset of motor symptoms in ALS mice by improving TCA cycling.
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