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Kourelis J. Interplay between cell-surface receptor and intracellular NLR-mediated immune responses. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:2218-2226. [PMID: 37605623 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The functional link between cell-surface receptors and intracellular NLR immune receptors is a critical aspect of plant immunity. To establish disease, successful pathogens have evolved mechanisms to suppress cell-surface immune signalling. In response, plants have adapted by evolving NLRs that recognize pathogen effectors involved in this suppression, thereby counteracting their immune-suppressing function. This ongoing co-evolutionary struggle has seemingly resulted in intertwined signalling pathways in some plant species, where NLRs form a separate signalling branch downstream of activated cell-surface receptor complexes essential for full immunity. Understanding these interconnected receptor networks could lead to novel strategies for developing durable disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiorgos Kourelis
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UH, Norwich, UK
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2
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Shi J, Zhang F, Wang Y, Zhang S, Wang F, Ma Y. The cytochrome P450 gene, MdCYP716B1, is involved in regulating plant growth and anthracnose resistance in apple. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 335:111832. [PMID: 37586420 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Apple is one of the main cultivated fruit trees worldwide. Both biotic and abiotic stresses, especially fungal diseases, have serious effects on the growth and fruit quality of apples. Cytochrome P450, the largest protein family in plants, is critical for plant growth and stress responses. However, the function of apple P450 remains poorly understood. In our previous study, 'Hanfu' autotetraploid showed dwarfism and fungal resistance phenotypes compared to 'Hanfu' diploid. Digital gene expression sequencing analysis revealed that the transcript level of MdCYP716B1 was significantly downregulated in the autotetraploid apple cultivar 'Hanfu'. In this study, we identified and cloned the MdCYP716B1 gene from 'Hanfu' apples. The MdCYP716B1 protein fused to a green fluorescent protein was localized in the cytoplasm. We constructed the plant overexpression vector and RNAi vector of MdCYP716B1, and the apple 'GL-3' was transformed by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to obtain transgenic plants. Overexpressing and RNAi silencing transgenic plants exhibited an increase and decrease in plant height to 'GL-3', respectively. RNAi silencing transgenic plants displayed increased resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, whereas overexpression transgenic plants were more sensitive to C. gloeosporioides. According to transcriptome analysis, the transcript levels of gibberellin biosynthesis genes were upregulated in MdCYP716B1-overexpression plants. In contrast with 'GL-3', GA3 accumulation was rose in MdCYP716B1-OE lines and impaired in MdCYP716B1-RNAi lines. Collectively, our data indicate that MdCYP716B1 regulates plant growth and resistance to fungal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Shi
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Yangshu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China
| | - Shuyuan Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China.
| | - Yue Ma
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China.
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3
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Santillán Martínez MI, Gao D, Appiano M, Derks I, Huibers RP, Spil G, Wang X, Visser RGF, Wolters AMA, Bai Y. ZED1-related kinase 13 is required for resistance against Pseudoidium neolycopersici in Arabidopsis accession Bla-6. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1111322. [PMID: 37025130 PMCID: PMC10071312 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1111322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
To explore specific components of resistance against the tomato-adapted powdery mildew pathogen Pseudoidium neolycopersici (On) in the model plant Arabidopsis, we performed a disease assay in 123 accessions. When testing the resistance in the F1 from crossings between resistant accessions with susceptible Col-0 or Sha, only the progeny of the cross between accession Bla-6 and Col-0 displayed a completely resistant phenotype. The resistance in Bla-6 is known to be specific for Pseudoidium neolycopersici. QTL analysis and fine-mapping through several rounds of recombinant screenings allowed us to locate a major resistance QTL in an interval on chromosome 1, containing two candidate genes and an intergenic insertion. Via CRISPR/Cas9 targeted mutagenesis, we could show that knocking out the ZED-1 RELATED KINASE 13 (ZRK13) gene compromised the On resistance in Bla-6. Several polymorphisms are observed in the ZRK13 allelic variant of Bla-6 when compared to the Col-0 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuling Bai
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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4
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Basu D, Codjoe JM, Veley KM, Haswell ES. The Mechanosensitive Ion Channel MSL10 Modulates Susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis thaliana. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2022; 35:567-582. [PMID: 34775835 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-08-21-0207-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants sense and respond to molecular signals associated with the presence of pathogens and their virulence factors. Mechanical signals generated during pathogenic invasion may also be important, but their contributions have rarely been studied. Here, we investigate the potential role of a mechanosensitive ion channel, MscS-like (MSL)10, in defense against the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis thaliana. We previously showed that overexpression of MSL10-GFP, phospho-mimetic versions of MSL10, and the gain-of-function allele msl10-3G all produce dwarfing, spontaneous cell death, and the hyperaccumulation of reactive oxygen species. These phenotypes are shared by many autoimmune mutants and are frequently suppressed by growth at high temperature in those lines. We found that the same was true for all three MSL10 hypermorphs. In addition, we show that the SGT1/RAR1/HSP90 cochaperone complex was required for dwarfing and ectopic cell death, PAD4 and SID2 were partially required, and the immune regulators EDS1 and NDR1 were dispensable. All MSL10 hypermorphs exhibited reduced susceptibility to infection by P. syringae strain Pto DC3000 and Pto DC3000 expressing the avirulence genes avrRpt2 or avrRpm1 but not Pto DC3000 hrpL and showed an accelerated induction of PR1 expression compared with wild-type plants. Null msl10-1 mutants were delayed in PR1 induction and displayed modest susceptibility to infection by coronatine-deficient P. syringae pv. tomato. Finally, stomatal closure was reduced in msl10-1 loss-of-function mutants in response to P. syringae pv. tomato COR-. These data show that MSL10 modulates pathogen responses and begin to address the possibility that mechanical signals are exploited by the plant for pathogen perception.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarati Basu
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, U.S.A
- NSF Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, U.S.A
| | - Jennette M Codjoe
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, U.S.A
- NSF Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, U.S.A
| | - Kira M Veley
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, U.S.A
| | - Elizabeth S Haswell
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, U.S.A
- NSF Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, U.S.A
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Freh M, Gao J, Petersen M, Panstruga R. Plant autoimmunity-fresh insights into an old phenomenon. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:1419-1434. [PMID: 34958371 PMCID: PMC8896616 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The plant immune system is well equipped to ward off the attacks of different types of phytopathogens. It primarily relies on two types of immune sensors-plasma membrane-resident receptor-like kinases and intracellular nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLRs) receptors that engage preferentially in pattern- and effector-triggered immunity, respectively. Delicate fine-tuning, in particular of the NLR-governed branch of immunity, is key to prevent inappropriate and deleterious activation of plant immune responses. Inadequate NLR allele constellations, such as in the case of hybrid incompatibility, and the mis-activation of NLRs or the absence or modification of proteins guarded by these NLRs can result in the spontaneous initiation of plant defense responses and cell death-a phenomenon referred to as plant autoimmunity. Here, we review recent insights augmenting our mechanistic comprehension of plant autoimmunity. The recent findings broaden our understanding regarding hybrid incompatibility, unravel candidates for proteins likely guarded by NLRs and underline the necessity for the fine-tuning of NLR expression at various levels to avoid autoimmunity. We further present recently emerged tools to study plant autoimmunity and draw a cross-kingdom comparison to the role of NLRs in animal autoimmune conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Freh
- Institute for Biology I, Unit of Plant Molecular Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - Jinlan Gao
- Institute of Biology, Functional Genomics, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Morten Petersen
- Institute of Biology, Functional Genomics, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Ralph Panstruga
- Institute for Biology I, Unit of Plant Molecular Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52056, Germany
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Yang C, Zou Z, Fernando WGD. The Effect of Temperature on the Hypersensitive Response (HR) in the Brassica napus-Leptosphaeria maculans Pathosystem. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:843. [PMID: 33922044 PMCID: PMC8143495 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Temperature is considered one of the crucial environmental elements in plant pathological interactions, and previous studies have indicated that there is a relationship between temperature change and host-pathogen interactions. The objective of this research is to investigate the link between temperature and the incompatible interactions of the host and pathogen. In this study, two Leptosphaeria maculans isolates (HCRT75 8-1 and HCRT77 7-2) and two Brassica napus genotypes (Surpass400 and 01-23-2-1) were selected. The selected B. napus genotypes displayed intermediate and resistant phenotypes. The inoculated seedlings were tested under three temperature conditions: 16 °C/10 °C, 22 °C/16 °C and 28 °C/22 °C (day/night: 16 h/8 h). Lesion measurements demonstrated that the necrotic lesions from the 28 °C/22 °C treatment were enlarged compared with the other two temperature treatments (i.e., 16 °C/10 °C and 22 °C/16 °C). The results of expression analysis indicated that the three temperature treatments displayed distinct differences in two marker genes (PATHOGENESIS-RELATED (PR) 1 and 2) for plant defense and one temperature-sensitive gene BONZAI 1 (BON1). Additionally, seven dpi at 22 °C/16 °C appeared to be the optimal pre-condition for the induction of PR1 and 2. These findings suggest that B. napus responds to temperature changes when infected with L. maculans.
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Sun Y, Zhu YX, Balint-Kurti PJ, Wang GF. Fine-Tuning Immunity: Players and Regulators for Plant NLRs. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:695-713. [PMID: 32526174 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a sophisticated innate immune system to defend against pathogen infection, and intracellular nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat (NLR or NB-LRR) immune receptors are one of the main components of this system. NLR activity is fine-tuned by intra- and intermolecular interactions. We survey what is known about the conservation and diversity of NLR-interacting proteins, and divide them into seven major categories. We discuss the molecular mechanisms by which NLR activities are regulated and how understanding this regulation has potential to facilitate the engineering of NLRs for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Yu-Xiu Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Peter J Balint-Kurti
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Guan-Feng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China.
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Tiwari B, Habermann K, Arif MA, Weil HL, Garcia-Molina A, Kleine T, Mühlhaus T, Frank W. Identification of small RNAs during cold acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:298. [PMID: 32600430 PMCID: PMC7325139 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02511-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cold stress causes dynamic changes in gene expression that are partially caused by small non-coding RNAs since they regulate protein coding transcripts and act in epigenetic gene silencing pathways. Thus, a detailed analysis of transcriptional changes of small RNAs (sRNAs) belonging to all known sRNA classes such as microRNAs (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNAs) in response to cold contributes to an understanding of cold-related transcriptome changes. RESULT We subjected A. thaliana plants to cold acclimation conditions (4 °C) and analyzed the sRNA transcriptomes after 3 h, 6 h and 2 d. We found 93 cold responsive differentially expressed miRNAs and only 14 of these were previously shown to be cold responsive. We performed miRNA target prediction for all differentially expressed miRNAs and a GO analysis revealed the overrepresentation of miRNA-targeted transcripts that code for proteins acting in transcriptional regulation. We also identified a large number of differentially expressed cis- and trans-nat-siRNAs, as well as sRNAs that are derived from long non-coding RNAs. By combining the results of sRNA and mRNA profiling with miRNA target predictions and publicly available information on transcription factors, we reconstructed a cold-specific, miRNA and transcription factor dependent gene regulatory network. We verified the validity of links in the network by testing its ability to predict target gene expression under cold acclimation. CONCLUSION In A. thaliana, miRNAs and sRNAs derived from cis- and trans-NAT gene pairs and sRNAs derived from lncRNAs play an important role in regulating gene expression in cold acclimation conditions. This study provides a fundamental database to deepen our knowledge and understanding of regulatory networks in cold acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavika Tiwari
- Department of Biology I, Plant Molecular Cell Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, LMU Biocenter, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kristin Habermann
- Department of Biology I, Plant Molecular Cell Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, LMU Biocenter, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - M. Asif Arif
- Department of Biology I, Plant Molecular Cell Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, LMU Biocenter, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lukas Weil
- Computational Systems Biology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 23, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Antoni Garcia-Molina
- Department of Biology I, Plant Molecular Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, LMU Biocenter, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tatjana Kleine
- Department of Biology I, Plant Molecular Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, LMU Biocenter, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Timo Mühlhaus
- Computational Systems Biology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 23, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frank
- Department of Biology I, Plant Molecular Cell Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, LMU Biocenter, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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Pitsili E, Phukan UJ, Coll NS. Cell Death in Plant Immunity. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:cshperspect.a036483. [PMID: 31615784 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a036483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pathogen recognition by the plant immune system leads to defense responses that are often accompanied by a form of regulated cell death known as the hypersensitive response (HR). HR shares some features with regulated necrosis observed in animals. Genetically, HR can be uncoupled from local defense responses at the site of infection and its role in immunity may be to activate systemic responses in distal parts of the organism. Recent advances in the field reveal conserved cell death-specific signaling modules that are assembled by immune receptors in response to pathogen-derived effectors. The structural elucidation of the plant resistosome-an inflammasome-like structure that may attach to the plasma membrane on activation-opens the possibility that HR cell death is mediated by the formation of pores at the plasma membrane. Necrotrophic pathogens that feed on dead tissue have evolved strategies to trigger the HR cell death pathway as a survival strategy. Ectopic activation of immunomodulators during autoimmune reactions can also promote HR cell death. In this perspective, we discuss the role and regulation of HR in these different contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Pitsili
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ujjal J Phukan
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria S Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain
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Liu Y, Yan J, Qin Q, Zhang J, Chen Y, Zhao L, He K, Hou S. Type one protein phosphatases (TOPPs) contribute to the plant defense response in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:360-377. [PMID: 31125159 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant immunity must be tightly controlled to avoid activation of defense mechanisms in the absence of pathogen attack. Protein phosphorylation is a common mechanism regulating immune signaling. In Arabidopsis thaliana, nine members of the type one protein phosphatase (TOPP) family (also known as protein phosphatase 1, PP1) have been identified. Here, we characterized the autoimmune phenotype of topp4-1, a previously identified dominant-negative mutant of TOPP4. Epistasis analysis showed that defense activation in topp4-1 depended on NON-RACE-SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE1, PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT4, and the salicylic acid pathway. We generated topp1/4/5/6/7/8/9 septuple mutants to investigate the function of TOPPs in plant immunity. Elevated defense gene expression and enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 in the septuple mutant indicate that TOPPs function in plant defense responses. Furthermore, TOPPs physically interacted with mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and affected the MAPK-mediated downstream defense pathway. Thus, our study reveals that TOPPs are important regulators of plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Liu
- MOE Key Laboratoryof Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jia Yan
- MOE Key Laboratoryof Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qianqian Qin
- MOE Key Laboratoryof Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratoryof Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratoryof Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lulu Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratoryof Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Kai He
- MOE Key Laboratoryof Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Suiwen Hou
- MOE Key Laboratoryof Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Velásquez AC, Castroverde CDM, He SY. Plant-Pathogen Warfare under Changing Climate Conditions. Curr Biol 2019; 28:R619-R634. [PMID: 29787730 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Global environmental changes caused by natural and human activities have accelerated in the past 200 years. The increase in greenhouse gases is predicted to continue to raise global temperature and change water availability in the 21st century. In this Review, we explore the profound effect the environment has on plant diseases - a susceptible host will not be infected by a virulent pathogen if the environmental conditions are not conducive for disease. The change in CO2 concentrations, temperature, and water availability can have positive, neutral, or negative effects on disease development, as each disease may respond differently to these variations. However, the concept of disease optima could potentially apply to all pathosystems. Plant resistance pathways, including pattern-triggered immunity to effector-triggered immunity, RNA interference, and defense hormone networks, are all affected by environmental factors. On the pathogen side, virulence mechanisms, such as the production of toxins and virulence proteins, as well as pathogen reproduction and survival are influenced by temperature and humidity. For practical reasons, most laboratory investigations into plant-pathogen interactions at the molecular level focus on well-established pathosystems and use a few static environmental conditions that capture only a fraction of the dynamic plant-pathogen-environment interactions that occur in nature. There is great need for future research to increasingly use dynamic environmental conditions in order to fully understand the multidimensional nature of plant-pathogen interactions and produce disease-resistant crop plants that are resilient to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Danve M Castroverde
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Sheng Yang He
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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12
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Bastedo DP, Khan M, Martel A, Seto D, Kireeva I, Zhang J, Masud W, Millar D, Lee JY, Lee AHY, Gong Y, Santos-Severino A, Guttman DS, Desveaux D. Perturbations of the ZED1 pseudokinase activate plant immunity. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007900. [PMID: 31269090 PMCID: PMC6634424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pseudomonas syringae acetyltransferase HopZ1a is delivered into host cells by the type III secretion system to promote bacterial growth. However, in the model plant host Arabidopsis thaliana, HopZ1a activity results in an effector-triggered immune response (ETI) that limits bacterial proliferation. HopZ1a-triggered immunity requires the nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat domain (NLR) protein, ZAR1, and the pseudokinase, ZED1. Here we demonstrate that HopZ1a can acetylate members of a family of ‘receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases’ (RLCK family VII; also known as PBS1-like kinases, or PBLs) and promote their interaction with ZED1 and ZAR1 to form a ZAR1-ZED1-PBL ternary complex. Interactions between ZED1 and PBL kinases are determined by the pseudokinase features of ZED1, and mutants designed to restore ZED1 kinase motifs can (1) bind to PBLs, (2) recruit ZAR1, and (3) trigger ZAR1-dependent immunity in planta, all independently of HopZ1a. A ZED1 mutant that mimics acetylation by HopZ1a also triggers immunity in planta, providing evidence that effector-induced perturbations of ZED1 also activate ZAR1. Overall, our results suggest that interactions between these two RLCK families are promoted by perturbations of structural features that distinguish active from inactive kinase domain conformations. We propose that effector-induced interactions between ZED1/ZRK pseudokinases (RLCK family XII) and PBL kinases (RLCK family VII) provide a sensitive mechanism for detecting perturbations of either kinase family to activate ZAR1-mediated ETI. All plants must ward off potentially infectious microbes, and those grown in large-scale crop operations are especially vulnerable to the rapid spread of disease by successful pathogens. Although many bacteria and fungi can supress plant immune responses by producing specialized virulence proteins called ‘effectors’, these effectors can also trigger immune responses that render plants resistant to infection. We studied the molecular mechanisms underlying one such effector-triggered immune response elicited by the bacterial effector HopZ1a in the model plant host Arabidopsis thaliana. We have shown that HopZ1a promotes binding between a ZED1, a ‘pseudokinase’ required for HopZ1a-triggered immunity, and several ‘true kinases’ (known as PBLs) that are likely targets of HopZ1a activity in planta. HopZ1a-induced ZED1-PBL interactions also recruit ZAR1, an Arabidopsis ‘resistance protein’ previously implicated in HopZ1a-triggered immunity. Importantly, ZED1 mutants that restore degenerate kinase motifs can bridge interactions between PBLs and ZAR1 (independently of HopZ1a) and trigger immunity in planta. Our results suggest that equilibria between active and inactive kinase domain conformations regulate ZED1-PBL interactions and formation of ternary complexes with ZAR1. Improved models describing molecular interactions between immunity determinants, effectors and effector targets will inform efforts to exploit natural diversity for development of crops with enhanced disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Patrick Bastedo
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Madiha Khan
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandre Martel
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Derek Seto
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Inga Kireeva
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wardah Masud
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Millar
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jee Yeon Lee
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amy Huei-Yi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yunchen Gong
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - André Santos-Severino
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David S. Guttman
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail: (DSG); (DD)
| | - Darrell Desveaux
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail: (DSG); (DD)
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13
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Liu C, Cui D, Zhao J, Liu N, Wang B, Liu J, Xu E, Hu Z, Ren D, Tang D, Hu Y. Two Arabidopsis Receptor-like Cytoplasmic Kinases SZE1 and SZE2 Associate with the ZAR1-ZED1 Complex and Are Required for Effector-Triggered Immunity. MOLECULAR PLANT 2019; 12:967-983. [PMID: 30947022 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants utilize intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat domain-containing receptors (NLRs) to recognize pathogen effectors and induce a robust defense response named effector-triggered immunity (ETI). The Arabidopsis NLR protein HOPZ-ACTIVATED RESISTANCE 1 (ZAR1) forms a precomplex with HOPZ-ETI-DEFICIENT 1 (ZED1), a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK) XII-2 subfamily member, to recognize the Pseudomonas syringae effector HopZ1a. We previously described a dominant mutant of Arabidopsis ZED1, zed1-D, which displays temperature-sensitive autoimmunity in a ZAR1-dependent manner. Here, we report that the RLCKs SUPPRESSOR OF ZED1-D1 (SZE1) and SZE2 associate with the ZAR1-ZED1 complex and are required for the ZED1-D-activated autoimmune response and HopZ1a-triggered immunity. We show that SZE1 but not SZE2 has autophosphorylation activity, and that the N-terminal myristoylation of both SZE1 and SZE2 is critical for their plasma membrane localization and ZED1-D-activated autoimmunity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that SZE1 and SZE2 both interact with ZAR1 to form a functional complex and are required for resistance against P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 expressing HopZ1a. We also provide evidence that SZE1 and SZE2 interact with HopZ1a and function together with ZED1 to change the intramolecular interactions of ZAR1, leading to its activation. Taken together, our results reveal SZE1 and SZE2 as critical signaling components of HopZ1a-triggered immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dayong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250200, China
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Enjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Zhubing Hu
- Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Dongtao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dingzhong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuxin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; National Center for Plant Gene Research, Beijing 100093, China.
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14
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Wang Z, Cui D, Liu C, Zhao J, Liu J, Liu N, Tang D, Hu Y. TCP transcription factors interact with ZED1-related kinases as components of the temperature-regulated immunity. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:2045-2056. [PMID: 30652316 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The elevation of ambient temperature generally inhibits plant immunity, but the molecular regulations of immunity by ambient temperature in plants are largely elusive. We previously reported that the Arabidopsis HOPZ-ETI-DEFICIENT 1 (ZED1)-related kinases (ZRKs) mediate the temperature-sensitive immunity by inhibiting the transcription of SUPPRESSOR OF NPR1-1, CONSTITUTIVE 1 (SNC1). Here, we further demonstrate that the nucleus-localized ZED1 and ZRKs facilitate such inhibitory role in associating with the TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA AND PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR (TCP) transcription factors. We show that some of TCP members could physically interact with ZRKs and are induced by elevated temperature. Disruption of TCPs leads to a mild autoimmune phenotype, whereas overexpression of the TCP15 could suppress the autoimmunity activated by the overexpressed SNC1 in the snc1-2. These findings demonstrate that the TCP transcription factors associate with nuclear ZRK as components of the temperature-regulated immunity, which discloses a possible molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of immunity by ambient temperature in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Dayong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, 250200, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dingzhong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuxin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- National Center for Plant Gene Research, Beijing, 100093, China
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15
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Li PT, Rashid MHO, Chen TT, Lu QW, Ge Q, Gong WK, Liu AY, Gong JW, Shang HH, Deng XY, Li JW, Li SQ, Xiao XH, Liu RX, Zhang Q, Duan L, Zou XY, Zhang Z, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Peng RH, Shi YZ, Yuan YL. Transcriptomic and biochemical analysis of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and a chromosome segment substitution line from G. hirsutum × G. barbadense in response to Verticillium dahliae infection. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:19. [PMID: 30634907 PMCID: PMC6329193 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1619-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Verticillium wilt (VW), also known as "cotton cancer," is one of the most destructive diseases in global cotton production that seriously impacts fiber yield and quality. Despite numerous attempts, little significant progress has been made in improving the VW resistance of upland cotton. The development of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) from Gossypium hirsutum × G. barbadense has emerged as a means of simultaneously developing new cotton varieties with high-yield, superior fiber, and resistance to VW. RESULTS In this study, VW-resistant investigations were first conducted in an artificial greenhouse, a natural field, and diseased nursery conditions, resulting in the identification of one stably VW-resistant CSSL, MBI8255, and one VW-susceptible G. hirsutum, CCRI36, which were subsequently subjected to biochemical tests and transcriptome sequencing during V991 infection (0, 1, and 2 days after inoculation). Eighteen root samples with three replications were collected to perform multiple comparisons of enzyme activity and biochemical substance contents. The findings indicated that VW resistance was positively correlated with peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity, but negatively correlated with malondialdehyde content. Additionally, RNA sequencing was used for the same root samples, resulting in a total of 77,412 genes, of which 23,180 differentially expressed genes were identified from multiple comparisons between samples. After Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis on the expression profiles identified using Short Time-series Expression Miner, we found that the metabolic process in the biological process, as well as the pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction, participated significantly in the response to VW. Gene functional annotation and expression quantity analysis indicated the important roles of the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway and oxidation-reduction process in response to VW, which also provided plenty of candidate genes related to plant resistance. CONCLUSIONS This study concentrates on the preliminary response to V991 infection by comparing the VW-resistant CSSL and its VW-susceptible recurrent parent. Not only do our findings facilitate the culturing of new resistant varieties with high yield and superior performance, but they also broaden our understanding of the mechanisms of cotton resistance to VW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Md. Harun or Rashid
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Ting-ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 Guangdong China
| | - Quan-wei Lu
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Qun Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Wan-kui Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Ai-ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Ju-wu Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Hai-hong Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Xiao-ying Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Jun-wen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Shao-qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Xiang-hui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Rui-xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Li Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Xian-yan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Ya Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Ren-hai Peng
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - Yu-zhen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
| | - You-lu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000 Henan China
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16
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Li PT, Rashid MHO, Chen TT, Lu QW, Ge Q, Gong WK, Liu AY, Gong JW, Shang HH, Deng XY, Li JW, Li SQ, Xiao XH, Liu RX, Zhang Q, Duan L, Zou XY, Zhang Z, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Peng RH, Shi YZ, Yuan YL. Transcriptomic and biochemical analysis of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and a chromosome segment substitution line from G. hirsutum × G. barbadense in response to Verticillium dahliae infection. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:19. [PMID: 30634907 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1619-1614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Verticillium wilt (VW), also known as "cotton cancer," is one of the most destructive diseases in global cotton production that seriously impacts fiber yield and quality. Despite numerous attempts, little significant progress has been made in improving the VW resistance of upland cotton. The development of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) from Gossypium hirsutum × G. barbadense has emerged as a means of simultaneously developing new cotton varieties with high-yield, superior fiber, and resistance to VW. RESULTS In this study, VW-resistant investigations were first conducted in an artificial greenhouse, a natural field, and diseased nursery conditions, resulting in the identification of one stably VW-resistant CSSL, MBI8255, and one VW-susceptible G. hirsutum, CCRI36, which were subsequently subjected to biochemical tests and transcriptome sequencing during V991 infection (0, 1, and 2 days after inoculation). Eighteen root samples with three replications were collected to perform multiple comparisons of enzyme activity and biochemical substance contents. The findings indicated that VW resistance was positively correlated with peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity, but negatively correlated with malondialdehyde content. Additionally, RNA sequencing was used for the same root samples, resulting in a total of 77,412 genes, of which 23,180 differentially expressed genes were identified from multiple comparisons between samples. After Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis on the expression profiles identified using Short Time-series Expression Miner, we found that the metabolic process in the biological process, as well as the pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction, participated significantly in the response to VW. Gene functional annotation and expression quantity analysis indicated the important roles of the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway and oxidation-reduction process in response to VW, which also provided plenty of candidate genes related to plant resistance. CONCLUSIONS This study concentrates on the preliminary response to V991 infection by comparing the VW-resistant CSSL and its VW-susceptible recurrent parent. Not only do our findings facilitate the culturing of new resistant varieties with high yield and superior performance, but they also broaden our understanding of the mechanisms of cotton resistance to VW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Md Harun Or Rashid
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Quan-Wei Lu
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Qun Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Wan-Kui Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Ai-Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Ju-Wu Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Hai-Hong Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Jun-Wen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Shao-Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xiang-Hui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Rui-Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Li Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xian-Yan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Ren-Hai Peng
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Yu-Zhen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
| | - You-Lu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, The Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
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17
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Lv M, Li M, Chen W, Wang Y, Sun C, Yin H, He K, Li J. Thermal-Enhanced bri1-301 Instability Reveals a Plasma Membrane Protein Quality Control System in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1620. [PMID: 30459799 PMCID: PMC6232910 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are essential phytohormones mainly perceived by a single-pass transmembrane receptor-like protein kinase (RLK), BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1). bri1-5 and bri1-9, two distinct mutants with point mutations in the extracellular domain of BRI1, show weak defective phenotypes. Previous studies indicated that bri1-5 and bri1-9 mutated proteins can be recognized and eliminated via an endoplasmic reticulum quality control (ERQC) mechanism. Most of these two proteins, therefore, cannot reach their destination, plasma membrane. Here, we report our functional characterization of bri1-301, another BRI1 mutant protein with an amino acid substitution in the cytoplasmic kinase domain. bri1-301 is a partially functional BR receptor with significantly decreased protein abundance. Interestingly, protein stability and subcellular localization of bri1-301 are temperature-sensitive. At 22°C, an optimal temperature for indoor Arabidopsis growth, bri1-301 shows a weak defective phenotype. At a lower temperature condition such as 18°C, bri1-301 exhibits subtle morphological defects. At a higher temperature condition such as 28°C, on the other hand, bri1-301 displays an extremely severe phenotype reminiscent to that of a null bri1 mutant due to greatly increased bri1-301 internalization and degradation. Our detailed analyses suggest that bri1-301 stability is controlled by ERQC and plasma membrane quality control (PMQC) systems. Since PMQC has not been well studied in plants, bri1-301 can be used as a model mutant for future genetic dissection of this critical process.
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