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Lu S, Xiao F. Small Peptides: Orchestrators of Plant Growth and Developmental Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7627. [PMID: 39062870 PMCID: PMC11276966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Small peptides (SPs), ranging from 5 to 100 amino acids, play integral roles in plants due to their diverse functions. Despite their low abundance and small molecular weight, SPs intricately regulate critical aspects of plant life, including cell division, growth, differentiation, flowering, fruiting, maturation, and stress responses. As vital mediators of intercellular signaling, SPs have garnered significant attention in plant biology research. This comprehensive review delves into SPs' structure, classification, and identification, providing a detailed understanding of their significance. Additionally, we summarize recent findings on the biological functions and signaling pathways of prominent SPs that regulate plant growth and development. This review also offers a perspective on future research directions in peptide signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fei Xiao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;
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2
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Hunziker P, Greb T. Stem Cells and Differentiation in Vascular Tissues. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 75:399-425. [PMID: 38382908 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-070523-040525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Plant vascular tissues are crucial for the long-distance transport of water, nutrients, and a multitude of signal molecules throughout the plant body and, therefore, central to plant growth and development. The intricate development of vascular tissues is orchestrated by unique populations of dedicated stem cells integrating endogenous as well as environmental cues. This review summarizes our current understanding of vascular-related stem cell biology and of vascular tissue differentiation. We present an overview of the molecular and cellular mechanisms governing the maintenance and fate determination of vascular stem cells and highlight the interplay between intrinsic and external cues. In this context, we emphasize the role of transcription factors, hormonal signaling, and epigenetic modifications. We also discuss emerging technologies and the large repertoire of cell types associated with vascular tissues, which have the potential to provide unprecedented insights into cellular specialization and anatomical adaptations to distinct ecological niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Hunziker
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; ,
| | - Thomas Greb
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; ,
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3
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Díez AR, Szakonyi D, Lozano-Juste J, Duque P. Alternative splicing as a driver of natural variation in abscisic acid response. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 119:9-27. [PMID: 38659400 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a crucial player in plant responses to the environment. It accumulates under stress, activating downstream signaling to implement molecular responses that restore homeostasis. Natural variance in ABA sensitivity remains barely understood, and the ABA pathway has been mainly studied at the transcriptional level, despite evidence that posttranscriptional regulation, namely, via alternative splicing, contributes to plant stress tolerance. Here, we identified the Arabidopsis accession Kn-0 as less sensitive to ABA than the reference Col-0, as shown by reduced effects of the hormone on seedling establishment, root branching, and stomatal closure, as well as by decreased induction of ABA marker genes. An in-depth comparative transcriptome analysis of the ABA response in the two variants revealed lower expression changes and fewer genes affected for the least ABA-sensitive ecotype. Notably, Kn-0 exhibited reduced levels of the ABA-signaling SnRK2 protein kinases and lower basal expression of ABA-reactivation genes, consistent with our finding that Kn-0 contains less endogenous ABA than Col-0. ABA also markedly affected alternative splicing, primarily intron retention, with Kn-0 being less responsive regarding both the number and magnitude of alternative splicing events, particularly exon skipping. We find that alternative splicing introduces a more ecotype-specific layer of ABA regulation and identify ABA-responsive splicing changes in key ABA pathway regulators that provide a functional and mechanistic link to the differential sensitivity of the two ecotypes. Our results offer new insight into the natural variation of ABA responses and corroborate a key role for alternative splicing in implementing ABA-mediated stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba R Díez
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Dóra Szakonyi
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Jorge Lozano-Juste
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paula Duque
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
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4
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Mu C, Cheng W, Fang H, Geng R, Jiang J, Cheng Z, Gao J. Uncovering PheCLE1 and PheCLE10 Promoting Root Development Based on Genome-Wide Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7190. [PMID: 39000298 PMCID: PMC11241622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), renowned for its rapid growth, is attributed to the dynamic changes in its apical meristem. The CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED (CLE) family genes are known to play crucial roles in regulating meristem and organ formation in model plants, but their functions in Moso bamboo remain unclear. Here, we conducted a genome-wide identification of the CLE gene family of Moso bamboo and investigated their gene structure, chromosomal localization, evolutionary relationships, and expression patterns. A total of 11 PheCLE genes were identified, all of which contained a conserved CLE peptide core functional motif (Motif 1) at their C-termini. Based on Arabidopsis classification criteria, these genes were predominantly distributed in Groups A-C. Collinearity analysis unveiled significant synteny among CLE genes in Moso bamboo, rice, and maize, implying potential functional conservation during monocot evolution. Transcriptomic analysis showed significant expression of these genes in the apical tissues of Moso bamboo, including root tips, shoot tips, rhizome buds, and flower buds. Particularly, single-cell transcriptomic data and in situ hybridization further corroborated the heightened expression of PheCLE1 and PheCLE10 in the apical tissue of basal roots. Additionally, the overexpression of PheCLE1 and PheCLE10 in rice markedly promoted root growth. PheCLE1 and PheCLE10 were both located on the cell membrane. Furthermore, the upstream transcription factors NAC9 and NAC6 exhibited binding affinity toward the promoters of PheCLE1 and PheCLE10, thereby facilitating their transcriptional activation. In summary, this study not only systematically identified the CLE gene family in Moso bamboo for the first time but also emphasized their central roles in apical tissue development. This provides a valuable theoretical foundation for the further exploration of functional peptides and their signaling regulatory networks in bamboo species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhanchao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100102, China; (C.M.); (W.C.); (H.F.); (R.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Jian Gao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100102, China; (C.M.); (W.C.); (H.F.); (R.G.); (J.J.)
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5
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Marathe S, Grotewold E, Otegui MS. Should I stay or should I go? Trafficking of plant extra-nuclear transcription factors. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1524-1539. [PMID: 38163635 PMCID: PMC11062434 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
At the heart of all biological processes lies the control of nuclear gene expression, which is primarily achieved through the action of transcription factors (TFs) that generally contain a nuclear localization signal (NLS) to facilitate their transport into the nucleus. However, some TFs reside in the cytoplasm in a transcriptionally inactive state and only enter the nucleus in response to specific signals, which in plants include biotic or abiotic stresses. These extra-nuclear TFs can be found in the cytosol or associated with various membrane systems, including the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane. They may be integral proteins with transmembrane domains or associate peripherally with the lipid bilayer via acylation or membrane-binding domains. Although over 30 plant TFs, most of them involved in stress responses, have been experimentally shown to reside outside the nucleus, computational predictions suggest that this number is much larger. Understanding how extra-nuclear TFs are trafficked into the nucleus is essential for reconstructing transcriptional regulatory networks that govern major cellular pathways in response to biotic and abiotic signals. Here, we provide a perspective on what is known on plant extranuclear-nuclear TF retention, nuclear trafficking, and the post-translational modifications that ultimately enable them to regulate gene expression upon entering the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Marathe
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Erich Grotewold
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-6473, USA
| | - Marisa S Otegui
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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6
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Wang H. Endogenous and environmental signals in regulating vascular development and secondary growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1369241. [PMID: 38628366 PMCID: PMC11018896 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1369241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Huanzhong Wang
- Department of Plant Science & Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Institute for System Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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7
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Wang Q, Hu F, Yao Z, Zhao X, Chu G, Ye J. Comprehensive genomic characterisation of the NAC transcription factor family and its response to drought stress in Eucommia ulmoides. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16298. [PMID: 37901460 PMCID: PMC10601904 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The NAC transcription factor family enhances plant adaptation to environmental challenges by participating in signalling pathways triggered by abiotic stressors and hormonal cues. We identified 69 NAC genes in the Eucommia ulmoides genome and renamed them according to their chromosomal distribution. These EuNAC proteins were clustered into 13 sub-families and distributed on 16 chromosomes and 2 scaffolds. The gene structures suggested that the number of exons varied from two to eight among these EuNACs, with a multitude of them containing three exons. Duplicated events resulted in a large gene family; 12 and four pairs of EuNACs were the result of segmental and tandem duplicates, respectively. The drought-stress response pattern of 12 putative EuNACs was observed under drought treatment, revealing that these EuNACs could play crucial roles in mitigating the effects of drought stress responses and serve as promising candidate genes for genetic engineering aimed at enhancing the drought stress tolerance of E. ulmoides. This study provides insight into the evolution, diversity, and characterisation of NAC genes in E. ulmoides and will be helpful for future characterisation of putative EuNACs associated with water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Laboratory of Forestry Department, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - FengCheng Hu
- Lveyang County Forest Tree Seedling Workstation, Forestry Bureau of Lveyang County, Lveyang, China
| | - ZhaoQun Yao
- Laboratory of Plant Protection Department, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - XinFeng Zhao
- Lveyang County Forest Tree Seedling Workstation, Forestry Bureau of Lveyang County, Lveyang, China
| | - GuangMing Chu
- Laboratory of Forestry Department, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Laboratory of Forestry Department, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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8
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Wang X, Mäkilä R, Mähönen AP. From procambium patterning to cambium activation and maintenance in the Arabidopsis root. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 75:102404. [PMID: 37352651 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
In addition to primary growth, which elongates the plant body, many plant species also undergo secondary growth to thicken their body. During primary vascular development, a subset of the vascular cells, called procambium and pericycle, remain undifferentiated to later gain vascular cambium and cork cambium identity, respectively. These two cambia are the lateral meristems providing secondary growth. The vascular cambium produces secondary xylem and phloem, which give plants mechanical support and transport capacity. Cork cambium produces a protective layer called cork. In this review, we focus on recent advances in understanding the formation of procambium and its gradual maturation to active cambium in the Arabidopsis thaliana root.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Mäkilä
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Pekka Mähönen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Shimadzu S, Furuya T, Kondo Y. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Establishment and Maintenance of Vascular Stem Cells in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:274-283. [PMID: 36398989 PMCID: PMC10599399 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The vascular system plays pivotal roles in transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant body. Primary vasculature is established as a continuous strand, which subsequently initiates secondary growth through cell division. Key factors regulating primary and secondary vascular developments have been identified in numerous studies, and the regulatory networks including these factors have been elucidated through omics-based approaches. However, the vascular system is composed of a variety of cells such as xylem and phloem cells, which are commonly generated from vascular stem cells. In addition, the vasculature is located deep inside the plant body, which makes it difficult to investigate the vascular development while distinguishing between vascular stem cells and developing xylem and phloem cells. Recent technical advances in the tissue-clearing method, RNA-seq analysis and tissue culture system overcome these problems by enabling the cell-type-specific analysis during vascular development, especially with a special focus on stem cells. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the establishment and maintenance of vascular stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Shimadzu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of
Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate
School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku,
Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Furuya
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of
Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan
University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577 Japan
| | - Yuki Kondo
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of
Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
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10
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RNAseq-Based Working Model for Transcriptional Regulation of Crosstalk between Simultaneous Abiotic UV-B and Biotic Stresses in Plants. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020240. [PMID: 36833168 PMCID: PMC9957429 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants adjust their secondary metabolism by altering the expression of corresponding genes to cope with both abiotic and biotic stresses. In the case of UV-B radiation, plants produce protective flavonoids; however, this reaction is impeded during pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) induced by pathogens. Pathogen attack can be mimicked by the application of microbial associated molecular patterns (e.g., flg22) to study crosstalk between PTI and UV-B-induced signaling pathways. Switching from Arabidopsis cell cultures to in planta studies, we analyzed whole transcriptome changes to gain a deeper insight into crosstalk regulation. We performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis by RNAseq with four distinct mRNA libraries and identified 10778, 13620, and 11294 genes, which were differentially expressed after flg22, UV-B, and stress co-treatment, respectively. Focusing on genes being either co-regulated with the UV-B inducible marker gene chalcone synthase CHS or the flg22 inducible marker gene FRK1 identified a large set of transcription factors from diverse families, such as MYB, WRKY, or NAC. These data provide a global view of transcriptomic reprogramming during this crosstalk and constitute a valuable dataset for further deciphering the underlying regulatory mechanism(s), which appear to be much more complex than previously anticipated. The possible involvement of MBW complexes in this context is discussed.
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Sun MM, Liu X, Huang XJ, Yang JJ, Qin PT, Zhou H, Jiang MG, Liao HZ. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the NAC Gene Family in Kandelia obovata, a Typical Mangrove Plant. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:5622-5637. [PMID: 36421665 PMCID: PMC9689236 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44110381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) gene family, one of the largest transcription factor families in plants, acts as positive or negative regulators in plant response and adaption to various environmental stresses, including cold stress. Multiple reports on the functional characterization of NAC genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and other plants are available. However, the function of the NAC genes in the typical woody mangrove (Kandelia obovata) remains poorly understood. Here, a comprehensive analysis of NAC genes in K. obovata was performed with a pluri-disciplinary approach including bioinformatic and molecular analyses. We retrieved a contracted NAC family with 68 genes from the K. obovata genome, which were unevenly distributed in the chromosomes and classified into ten classes. These KoNAC genes were differentially and preferentially expressed in different organs, among which, twelve up-regulated and one down-regulated KoNAC genes were identified. Several stress-related cis-regulatory elements, such as LTR (low-temperature response), STRE (stress response element), ABRE (abscisic acid response element), and WUN (wound-responsive element), were identified in the promoter regions of these 13 KoNAC genes. The expression patterns of five selected KoNAC genes (KoNAC6, KoNAC15, KoNAC20, KoNAC38, and KoNAC51) were confirmed by qRT-PCR under cold treatment. These results strongly implied the putative important roles of KoNAC genes in response to chilling and other stresses. Collectively, our findings provide valuable information for further investigations on the function of KoNAC genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Man Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, 158 West Daxue Road, Nanning 530008, China
| | - Xiu Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, 23 Yongwu Road, Nanning 530002, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, 158 West Daxue Road, Nanning 530008, China
| | - Jing-Jun Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, 23 Yongwu Road, Nanning 530002, China
| | - Pei-Ting Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, 158 West Daxue Road, Nanning 530008, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, 158 West Daxue Road, Nanning 530008, China
| | - Ming-Guo Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, 158 West Daxue Road, Nanning 530008, China
| | - Hong-Ze Liao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, 158 West Daxue Road, Nanning 530008, China
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Lee DG, Kim YK, Baek KH. The bHLH Transcription Factors in Neural Development and Therapeutic Applications for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213936. [PMID: 36430421 PMCID: PMC9696289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of functional neural circuits in the central nervous system (CNS) requires the production of sufficient numbers of various types of neurons and glial cells, such as astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, at the appropriate periods and regions. Hence, severe neuronal loss of the circuits can cause neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease (HD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Treatment of such neurodegenerative diseases caused by neuronal loss includes some strategies of cell therapy employing stem cells (such as neural progenitor cells (NPCs)) and gene therapy through cell fate conversion. In this report, we review how bHLH acts as a regulator in neuronal differentiation, reprogramming, and cell fate determination. Moreover, several different researchers are conducting studies to determine the importance of bHLH factors to direct neuronal and glial cell fate specification and differentiation. Therefore, we also investigated the limitations and future directions of conversion or transdifferentiation using bHLH factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Gi Lee
- Joint Section of Science in Environmental Technology, Food Technology, and Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Incheon 21569, Korea
| | - Young-Kwang Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA Stem Cell Institute, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA Stem Cell Institute, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-881-7134
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Ou S, Xu Z, Mai C, Li B, Wang J. Ectopic expression of GmNF-YA8 in Arabidopsis delays flowering via modulating the expression of gibberellic acid biosynthesis- and flowering-related genes and promotes lateral root emergence in low phosphorus conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1033938. [PMID: 36340418 PMCID: PMC9630906 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1033938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
NUCLEAR FACTOR Y subunit alpha (NF-YA), together with NF-YB and NF-YC, regulates plant growth and development, as well as plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Although extensive studies have examined the functions of NF-YAs in Arabidopsis thaliana, the roles of NF- YAs in Glycinme max are poorly understood. In this study, we identified a phosphorus (P) starvation-responsive NF-YA8 in soybean. The expression of GmNF-YA8 is induced by low P or low nitrogen in leaves, but not by potassium or iron starvation, respectively. GmNF-YA8 is localized in the nucleus and plasma membrane. Ectopic expression of GmNF-YA8 inhibits plant growth and delayed flowering in Arabidopsis. Exogenous application of gibberellic acid (GA) rescues the delayed flowering phenotype in Arabidopsis overexpressing GmNF-YA8 lines GmNF-YA8OE-05 and GmNF-YA8OE-20. Moreover, quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) verified that overexpression of GmNF-YA8 downregulates GA20ox2 and GA3ox2 expression, but upregulates GA2ox2 and GA2ox3 that encode enzymes, which inactive bioactive GAs. Consistent with the late flowering phenotype of Arabidopsis trangenic lines that overexpress GmNF-YA8, the transcript levels of flowering-promoting genes AP1, CO, LFY, and SOC1 are reduced. In addition, overexpression of GmNF-YA8 promotes the emergence of lateral root (LR) primordium from epidermis rather than the initiation of LR in low P, and increases the LR density in low nitrogen. Our results provide insights into the roles of GmNF-YA8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyan Ou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Root Biology Center & College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Root Biology Center & College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuishan Mai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Root Biology Center & College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bodi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Root Biology Center & College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Root Biology Center & College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Tang X, Wang C, Chai G, Wang D, Xu H, Liu Y, He G, Liu S, Zhang Y, Kong Y, Li S, Lu M, Sederoff RR, Li Q, Zhou G. Ubiquitinated DA1 negatively regulates vascular cambium activity through modulating the stability of WOX4 in Populus. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:3364-3382. [PMID: 35703939 PMCID: PMC9421475 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Activity of the vascular cambium gives rise to secondary xylem for wood formation in trees. The transcription factor WUSCHEL-related HOMEOBOX4 (WOX4) is a central regulator downstream of the hormone and peptide signaling pathways that maintain cambial activity. However, the genetic regulatory network underlying WOX4-mediated wood formation at the post-transcriptional level remains to be elucidated. In this study, we identified the ubiquitin receptor PagDA1 in hybrid poplar (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa clone 84K) as a negative regulator of wood formation, which restricts cambial activity during secondary growth. Overexpression of PagDA1 in poplar resulted in a relatively reduced xylem due to decreased cambial cell division. By contrast, mutation of PagDA1 by CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in an increased cambial cell activity and promoted xylem formation. Genetic analysis demonstrated that PagDA1 functions antagonistically in a common pathway as PagWOX4 to regulate cambial activity. We propose that PagDA1 physically associates with PagWOX4 and modulates the degradation of PagWOX4 by the 26S proteasome. Moreover, genetic analysis revealed that PagDA1 exerts its negative effect on cambial development by modulating the stability of PagWOX4 in a ubiquitin-dependent manner mediated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase PagDA2. In sum, we have identified a cambial regulatory protein complex, PagDA1-PagWOX4, as a potential target for wood biomass improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Institute of Energy Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Congpeng Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Guohua Chai
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Dian Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Institute of Energy Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Guo He
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Institute of Energy Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Institute of Energy Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yiran Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yingzhen Kong
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Shengjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Institute of Energy Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Mengzhu Lu
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ronald R Sederoff
- Forest Biotechnology Group, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North California 27695, USA
| | - Quanzi Li
- Author for correspondence: (Q.L.), (G.Z.)
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15
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Current Understanding of the Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Wood Formation in Plants. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071181. [PMID: 35885964 PMCID: PMC9319765 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike herbaceous plants, woody plants undergo volumetric growth (a.k.a. secondary growth) through wood formation, during which the secondary xylem (i.e., wood) differentiates from the vascular cambium. Wood is the most abundant biomass on Earth and, by absorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide, functions as one of the largest carbon sinks. As a sustainable and eco-friendly energy source, lignocellulosic biomass can help address environmental pollution and the global climate crisis. Studies of Arabidopsis and poplar as model plants using various emerging research tools show that the formation and proliferation of the vascular cambium and the differentiation of xylem cells require the modulation of multiple signals, including plant hormones, transcription factors, and signaling peptides. In this review, we summarize the latest knowledge on the molecular mechanism of wood formation, one of the most important biological processes on Earth.
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16
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Ayatollahi Z, Kazanaviciute V, Shubchynskyy V, Kvederaviciute K, Schwanninger M, Rozhon W, Stumpe M, Mauch F, Bartels S, Ulm R, Balazadeh S, Mueller-Roeber B, Meskiene I, Schweighofer A. Dual control of MAPK activities by AP2C1 and MKP1 MAPK phosphatases regulates defence responses in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2369-2384. [PMID: 35088853 PMCID: PMC9015810 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades transmit environmental signals and induce stress and defence responses in plants. These signalling cascades are negatively controlled by specific Ser/Thr protein phosphatases of the type 2C (PP2C) and dual-specificity phosphatase (DSP) families that inactivate stress-induced MAPKs; however, the interplay between phosphatases of these different types has remained unknown. This work reveals that different Arabidopsis MAPK phosphatases, the PP2C-type AP2C1 and the DSP-type MKP1, exhibit both specific and overlapping functions in plant stress responses. Each single mutant, ap2c1 and mkp1, and the ap2c1 mkp1 double mutant displayed enhanced stress-induced activation of the MAPKs MPK3, MPK4, and MPK6, as well as induction of a set of transcription factors. Moreover, ap2c1 mkp1 double mutants showed an autoimmune-like response, associated with increased levels of the stress hormones salicylic acid and ethylene, and of the phytoalexin camalexin. This phenotype was reduced in the ap2c1 mkp1 mpk3 and ap2c1 mkp1 mpk6 triple mutants, suggesting that the autoimmune-like response is due to MAPK misregulation. We conclude that the evolutionarily distant MAPK phosphatases AP2C1 and MKP1 contribute crucially to the tight control of MAPK activities, ensuring appropriately balanced stress signalling and suppression of autoimmune-like responses during plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ayatollahi
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vaiva Kazanaviciute
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Volodymyr Shubchynskyy
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kotryna Kvederaviciute
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Manfred Schwanninger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Rozhon
- Department of Agriculture, Ecotrophology, and Landscape Development, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Strenzfelder Allee 28, D-06406 Bernburg, Germany
| | - Michael Stumpe
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Felix Mauch
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Bartels
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology II, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roman Ulm
- Department of Botany and Plant Biology, Section of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 30 Quai E. Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Salma Balazadeh
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPIMP), Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Biology Leiden (IBL), Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd Mueller-Roeber
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPIMP), Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB), Ruski 139 Blvd., Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Irute Meskiene
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alois Schweighofer
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
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17
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Turley EK, Etchells JP. Laying it on thick: a study in secondary growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:665-679. [PMID: 34655214 PMCID: PMC8793872 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of secondary vascular tissue enhances the transport capacity and mechanical strength of plant bodies, while contributing a huge proportion of the world's biomass in the form of wood. Cell divisions in the cambium, which constitutes the vascular meristem, provide progenitors from which conductive xylem and phloem are derived. The cambium is a somewhat unusual stem cell population in two respects, making it an interesting subject for developmental research. Firstly, it arises post-germination, and thus represents a model for understanding stem cell initiation beyond embryogenesis. Secondly, xylem and phloem differentiate on opposing sides of cambial stem cells, making them bifacial in nature. Recent discoveries in Arabidopsis thaliana have provided insight into the molecular mechanisms that regulate the initiation, patterning, and maintenance of the cambium. In this review, the roles of intercellular signalling via mobile transcription factors, peptide-receptor modules, and phytohormones are described. Crosstalk between these regulatory pathways is becoming increasingly apparent, yet the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Future study of the interaction between multiple independently identified regulators, as well as the functions of their orthologues in trees, will deepen our understanding of radial growth in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma K Turley
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - J Peter Etchells
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
- Correspondence:
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18
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Yan H, Ma G, Teixeira da Silva JA, Qiu L, Xu J, Zhou H, Wei M, Xiong J, Li M, Zhou S, Wu J, Tang X. Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of NAC Transcription Factor Family in Two Diploid Wild Relatives of Cultivated Sweet Potato Uncovers Potential NAC Genes Related to Drought Tolerance. Front Genet 2021; 12:744220. [PMID: 34899836 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.021.744220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) proteins play a pivotal role in modulating plant development and offer protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. Until now, no systematic knowledge of NAC family genes is available for the food security crop, sweet potato. Here, a comprehensive genome-wide survey of NAC domain-containing proteins identified 130 ItbNAC and 144 ItfNAC genes with full length sequences in the genomes of two diploid wild relatives of cultivated sweet potato, Ipomoea triloba and Ipomoea trifida, respectively. These genes were physically mapped onto 15 I. triloba and 16 I. trifida chromosomes, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis divided all 274 NAC proteins into 20 subgroups together with NAC transcription factors (TFs) from Arabidopsis. There were 9 and 15 tandem duplication events in the I. triloba and I. trifida genomes, respectively, indicating an important role of tandem duplication in sweet potato gene expansion and evolution. Moreover, synteny analysis suggested that most NAC genes in the two diploid sweet potato species had a similar origin and evolutionary process. Gene expression patterns based on RNA-Seq data in different tissues and in response to various hormone, biotic or abiotic treatments revealed their possible involvement in organ development and response to various biotic/abiotic stresses. The expression of 36 NAC TFs, which were upregulated in the five tissues and in response to mannitol treatment, was also determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in hexaploid cultivated sweet potato exposed to drought stress. Those results largely corroborated the expression profile of mannitol treatment uncovered by the RNA-Seq data. Some significantly up-regulated genes related to drought stress, such as ItbNAC110, ItbNAC114, ItfNAC15, ItfNAC28, and especially ItfNAC62, which had a conservative spatial conformation with a closely related paralogous gene, ANAC019, may be potential candidate genes for a sweet potato drought tolerance breeding program. This analysis provides comprehensive and systematic information about NAC family genes in two diploid wild relatives of cultivated sweet potato, and will provide a blueprint for their functional characterization and exploitation to improve the tolerance of sweet potato to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Yan
- Sugarcane Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement and Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, China
| | - Guohua Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Lihang Qiu
- Sugarcane Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement and Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Biological Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Huiwen Zhou
- Sugarcane Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement and Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, China
| | - Minzheng Wei
- Cash Crop Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Jun Xiong
- Cash Crop Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Mingzhi Li
- Biodata Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hefei, China
| | - Shaohuan Zhou
- GuangXi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- Sugarcane Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement and Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, China
| | - Xiuhua Tang
- Cash Crop Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
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19
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Yan H, Ma G, Teixeira da Silva JA, Qiu L, Xu J, Zhou H, Wei M, Xiong J, Li M, Zhou S, Wu J, Tang X. Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of NAC Transcription Factor Family in Two Diploid Wild Relatives of Cultivated Sweet Potato Uncovers Potential NAC Genes Related to Drought Tolerance. Front Genet 2021; 12:744220. [PMID: 34899836 PMCID: PMC8653416 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.744220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) proteins play a pivotal role in modulating plant development and offer protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. Until now, no systematic knowledge of NAC family genes is available for the food security crop, sweet potato. Here, a comprehensive genome-wide survey of NAC domain-containing proteins identified 130 ItbNAC and 144 ItfNAC genes with full length sequences in the genomes of two diploid wild relatives of cultivated sweet potato, Ipomoea triloba and Ipomoea trifida, respectively. These genes were physically mapped onto 15 I. triloba and 16 I. trifida chromosomes, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis divided all 274 NAC proteins into 20 subgroups together with NAC transcription factors (TFs) from Arabidopsis. There were 9 and 15 tandem duplication events in the I. triloba and I. trifida genomes, respectively, indicating an important role of tandem duplication in sweet potato gene expansion and evolution. Moreover, synteny analysis suggested that most NAC genes in the two diploid sweet potato species had a similar origin and evolutionary process. Gene expression patterns based on RNA-Seq data in different tissues and in response to various hormone, biotic or abiotic treatments revealed their possible involvement in organ development and response to various biotic/abiotic stresses. The expression of 36 NAC TFs, which were upregulated in the five tissues and in response to mannitol treatment, was also determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in hexaploid cultivated sweet potato exposed to drought stress. Those results largely corroborated the expression profile of mannitol treatment uncovered by the RNA-Seq data. Some significantly up-regulated genes related to drought stress, such as ItbNAC110, ItbNAC114, ItfNAC15, ItfNAC28, and especially ItfNAC62, which had a conservative spatial conformation with a closely related paralogous gene, ANAC019, may be potential candidate genes for a sweet potato drought tolerance breeding program. This analysis provides comprehensive and systematic information about NAC family genes in two diploid wild relatives of cultivated sweet potato, and will provide a blueprint for their functional characterization and exploitation to improve the tolerance of sweet potato to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Yan
- Sugarcane Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement and Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, China
| | - Guohua Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Lihang Qiu
- Sugarcane Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement and Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Biological Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Huiwen Zhou
- Sugarcane Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement and Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, China
| | - Minzheng Wei
- Cash Crop Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Jun Xiong
- Cash Crop Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Mingzhi Li
- Biodata Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hefei, China
| | - Shaohuan Zhou
- GuangXi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, China,*Correspondence: Shaohuan Zhou, ; Jianming Wu, ; Xiuhua Tang,
| | - Jianming Wu
- Sugarcane Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement and Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, China,*Correspondence: Shaohuan Zhou, ; Jianming Wu, ; Xiuhua Tang,
| | - Xiuhua Tang
- Cash Crop Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China,*Correspondence: Shaohuan Zhou, ; Jianming Wu, ; Xiuhua Tang,
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20
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Lee KH, Wang S, Du Q, Chhetri GT, Qi L, Wang H. The XVP/ NAC003 protein associates with the plasma membrane through KR rich regions and translocates to the nucleus by changing phosphorylation status. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1970449. [PMID: 34498541 PMCID: PMC8525969 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1970449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Membrane localized transcription factors play essential roles in various plant developmental processes. The XVP/NAC003 protein is a NAC domain transcription factor associated with the plasma membrane and involved in the TDIF-PXY signaling during vascular development. We report here the mechanisms of XVP membrane localization and its nuclear translocation. Using a transient transformation approach, we found that XVP is associated with the plasma membrane through positively charged KR-rich regions. Mutagenesis studies found that the threonine amino acid at position 354 (T354) is critical for XVP translocation to the nucleus. In particular, the threonine to alanine mutation (T354A) resulted in a partial nucleus localization, while threonine to aspartic acid (T354D) mutation showed no effect on protein localization, indicating that dephosphorylation at T354 may serve as a nucleus translocation signal. This research sheds new light on the nucleus partitioning of plasma membrane-associated transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Hee Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Sining Wang
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Gaurav Thapa Chhetri
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Liying Qi
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Huanzhong Wang
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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21
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Tian D, Tang J, Luo L, Zhang Z, Du K, Larkin RM, Shi X, Zheng B. Influence of Switchgrass TDIF-like Genes on Arabidopsis Vascular Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:737219. [PMID: 34630487 PMCID: PMC8496505 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.737219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As a member of the CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) family, the dodecapeptide tracheary element differentiation inhibitory factor (TDIF) has a major impact on vascular development in plants. However, the influence of polymorphisms in the TDIF peptide motif on activity remains poorly understood. The model plant, Arabidopsis provides a fast and effective tool for assaying the activity of TDIF homologs. Five TDIF homologs from a group of 93 CLE genes in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), a perennial biomass crop, named PvTDIF-like (PvTDIFL) genes were studied. The expression levels of PvTDIFL1, PvTDIFL3 MR3, and PvTDIFL3 MR2 were relatively high and all of them were expressed at the highest levels in the rachis of switchgrass. The precursor proteins for PvTDIFL1, PvTDIFL3MR3, and PvTDIFL3MR2 contained one, three, and two TDIFL motifs, respectively. Treatments with exogenous PvTDIFL peptides increased the number of stele cells in the hypocotyls of Arabidopsis seedlings, with the exception of PvTDIFL_4p. Heterologous expression of PvTDIFL1 in Arabidopsis strongly inhibited plant growth, increased cell division in the vascular tissue of the hypocotyl, and disrupted the cellular organization of the hypocotyl. Although heterologous expression of PvTDIFL3 MR3 and PvTDIFL3 MR2 also affected plant growth and vascular development, PvTDIFL activity was not enhanced by the multiple TDIFL motifs encoded by PvTDIFL3 MR3 and PvTDIFL3 MR2. These data indicate that in general, PvTDIFLs are functionally similar to Arabidopsis TDIF but that the processing and activities of the PvTDIFL peptides are more complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingwen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liwen Luo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kebing Du
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Robert M. Larkin
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueping Shi
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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22
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Yuan B, Wang H. Peptide Signaling Pathways Regulate Plant Vascular Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:719606. [PMID: 34539713 PMCID: PMC8446620 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.719606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant small peptides, including CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED (CLE) and Epidermal Patterning Factor-Like (EPFL) peptides, play pivotal roles in coordinating developmental processes through cell-cell communication. Recent studies have revealed that the phloem-derived CLE peptides, CLE41/44 and CLE42, promote (pro-)cambial cell proliferation and inhibit xylem cell differentiation. The endodermis-derived EPFL peptides, EPFL4 and EPFL6, modulate vascular development in the stem. Further, several other peptide ligands CLE9, CLE10, and CLE45 play crucial roles in regulating vascular development in the root. The peptide signaling pathways interact with each other and crosstalk with plant hormone signals. In this mini-review, we summtarize the recent advances on peptides function in vascular development and discuss future perspectives for the research of the CLE and EPFL peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjian Yuan
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Huanzhong Wang
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Institute for System Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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Wang D, Chen Y, Li W, Li Q, Lu M, Zhou G, Chai G. Vascular Cambium: The Source of Wood Formation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:700928. [PMID: 34484265 PMCID: PMC8416278 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.700928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Wood is the most abundant biomass produced by land plants and is mainly used for timber, pulping, and paper making. Wood (secondary xylem) is derived from vascular cambium, and its formation encompasses a series of developmental processes. Extensive studies in Arabidopsis and trees demonstrate that the initiation of vascular stem cells and the proliferation and differentiation of the cambial derivative cells require a coordination of multiple signals, including hormones and peptides. In this mini review, we described the recent discoveries on the regulation of the three developmental processes by several signals, such as auxin, cytokinins, brassinosteroids, gibberellins, ethylene, TDIF peptide, and their cross talk in Arabidopsis and Populus. There exists a similar but more complex regulatory network orchestrating vascular cambium development in Populus than that in Arabidopsis. We end up with a look at the future research prospects of vascular cambium in perennial woody plants, including interfascicular cambium development and vascular stem cell regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Wang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Quanzi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Mengzhu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gongke Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guohua Chai
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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24
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Qian Y, Zhang T, Yu Y, Gou L, Yang J, Xu J, Pi E. Regulatory Mechanisms of bHLH Transcription Factors in Plant Adaptive Responses to Various Abiotic Stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:677611. [PMID: 34220896 PMCID: PMC8250158 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.677611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix proteins (bHLHs) comprise one of the largest families of transcription factors in plants. They have been shown to be involved in responses to various abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, chilling, heavy metal toxicity, iron deficiency, and osmotic damages. By specifically binding to cis-elements in the promoter region of stress related genes, bHLHs can regulate their transcriptional expression, thereby regulating the plant's adaptive responses. This review focuses on the structural characteristics of bHLHs, the regulatory mechanism of how bHLHs are involved transcriptional activation, and the mechanism of how bHLHs regulate the transcription of target genes under various stresses. Finally, as increasing research demonstrates that flavonoids are usually induced under fluctuating environments, the latest research progress and future research prospects are described on the mechanisms of how flavonoid biosynthesis is regulated by bHLHs in the regulation of the plant's responses to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Erxu Pi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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25
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Jeon BW, Kim MJ, Pandey SK, Oh E, Seo PJ, Kim J. Recent advances in peptide signaling during Arabidopsis root development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2889-2902. [PMID: 33595615 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Roots provide the plant with water and nutrients and anchor it in a substrate. Root development is controlled by plant hormones and various sets of transcription factors. Recently, various small peptides and their cognate receptors have been identified as controlling root development. Small peptides bind to membrane-localized receptor-like kinases, inducing their dimerization with co-receptor proteins for signaling activation and giving rise to cellular signaling outputs. Small peptides function as local and long-distance signaling molecules involved in cell-to-cell communication networks, coordinating root development. In this review, we survey recent advances in the peptide ligand-mediated signaling pathways involved in the control of root development in Arabidopsis. We describe the interconnection between peptide signaling and conventional phytohormone signaling. Additionally, we discuss the diversity of identified peptide-receptor interactions during plant root development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Wook Jeon
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Buk-Gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kim
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Shashank K Pandey
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Eunkyoo Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Pil Joon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jungmook Kim
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Buk-Gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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26
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Shahzad R, Jamil S, Ahmad S, Nisar A, Amina Z, Saleem S, Zaffar Iqbal M, Muhammad Atif R, Wang X. Harnessing the potential of plant transcription factors in developing climate resilient crops to improve global food security: Current and future perspectives. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2323-2341. [PMID: 33911947 PMCID: PMC8071895 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Crop plants should be resilient to climatic factors in order to feed ever-increasing populations. Plants have developed stress-responsive mechanisms by changing their metabolic pathways and switching the stress-responsive genes. The discovery of plant transcriptional factors (TFs), as key regulators of different biotic and abiotic stresses, has opened up new horizons for plant scientists. TFs perceive the signal and switch certain stress-responsive genes on and off by binding to different cis-regulatory elements. More than 50 families of plant TFs have been reported in nature. Among them, DREB, bZIP, MYB, NAC, Zinc-finger, HSF, Dof, WRKY, and NF-Y are important with respect to biotic and abiotic stresses, but the potential of many TFs in the improvement of crops is untapped. In this review, we summarize the role of different stress-responsive TFs with respect to biotic and abiotic stresses. Further, challenges and future opportunities linked with TFs for developing climate-resilient crops are also elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahil Shahzad
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shakra Jamil
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Amina Nisar
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zarmaha Amina
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shazmina Saleem
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaffar Iqbal
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Atif
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security (CAS-AFS), University of Agriculture Faisalabad, University Road, 38040, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Xiukang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
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27
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Yan H, Jiang G, Wu F, Li Z, Xiao L, Jiang Y, Duan X. Sulfoxidation regulation of transcription factor NAC42 influences its functions in relation to stress-induced fruit ripening in banana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:682-699. [PMID: 33070185 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Redox modification of functional or regulatory proteins has emerged as an important mechanism of post-translational modification. However, the role of redox modifications of transcription factors mediated by methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) in regulating physiological processes in plants remains unclear, especially in fruit ripening. In this study, we determined that MaNAC42, a transcriptional activator, is involved in the regulation of fruit ripening in banana under oxidative stress. Integrated analysis of ChIP-qPCR and EMSA data showed that MaNAC42 directly binds to promoters of genes related to oxidative stress and ripening. Ectopic overexpression of MaNAC42 in Arabidopsis delays dark-induced senescence in leaves, indicating that MaNAC42 plays a negative role in senescence. Furthermore, we found that MaNAC42 is a target of MaMsrB2, a methionine sulfoxide reductase B. Methionine oxidation in MaNAC42 (i.e. sulfoxidation) or mimicking sulfoxidation by mutating methionine to glutamine both lead to decreased DNA-binding capacity and transcriptional activity. On the other hand, MaMsrB2 can partially repair oxidized MaNAC42 and restore its DNA-binding capacity. Thus, our results suggest a novel regulatory mechanism of fruit ripening in banana involving MaMsrB2-mediated redox regulation of the ripening-related transcription factor MaNAC42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Yan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoxiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuwang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuewu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Munir N, Yukun C, Xiaohui C, Nawaz MA, Iftikhar J, Rizwan HM, Xu S, Yuling L, Xuhan X, Zhongxiong L. Genome-wide identification and comprehensive analyses of NAC transcription factor gene family and expression patterns during somatic embryogenesis in Dimocarpus longan Lour. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 157:169-184. [PMID: 33120109 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2 form a huge plant-specific gene family of NAC TFs that are involved in the growth, development, and regulation of biotic and abiotic stress responses. Although the draft genome of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) has been published, however the comprehensive data regarding the functions, evolution, and expression patterns of the NAC family are still unavailable. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the NAC transcription factor family in longan was performed, and a total of 114 NAC genes were found. We investigated the NAC gene family exploring the phylogeny, domain conservation, intron/exon, motifs, cis-regulatory elements, protein-protein interaction, and expression profiles of RNA-seq samples in different tissues and early somatic embryogenesis of longan. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genes with similar gene structure and motif distribution were clustered in the same group. Cis-element identification indicates the possible role of NAC genes in biological and physiological processes. Protein-protein interaction identified the DlNACs homologous with Arabidopsis proteins. We further investigated the expression pattern of DlNAC genes in different tissues (pulp, stem, large fruit, young fruit, and flower) during somatic embryogenesis at embryogenic callus (EC), incomplete compact pro-embryogenic cultures (ICpEC), and globular embryos (GE) stages. The qRT-PCR results showed that the DlNAC genes were expressed higher at EC and GE stage compared with ICpEC stage. In conclusion, our results provide insight into the evolution, diversity, and characterization of NAC genes in the longan and provide a base for understanding their biological roles and molecular mechanisms in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigarish Munir
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chen Yukun
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chen Xiaohui
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Muhammad Azher Nawaz
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Junaid Iftikhar
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan
- Institute of Subtropical Fruit, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shen Xu
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lin Yuling
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xu Xuhan
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Institute de la Recherché Interdisciplinary de Toulouse, IRIT-ARI, 31300, Toulouse, France.
| | - Lai Zhongxiong
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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29
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Bagdassarian KS, Brown CM, Jones ET, Etchells P. Connections in the cambium, receptors in the ring. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 57:96-103. [PMID: 32866742 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In plants, pluripotent cells in meristems divide to provide cells for the formation of postembryonic tissues. The cambium is the meristem from which the vascular tissue is derived and is the main driver for secondary (radial) growth in dicots. Xylem and phloem are specified on opposing sides of the cambium, and tightly regulated cell divisions ensure their spatial separation. Peptide ligands, phytohormones, and their receptors are central to maintaining this patterning and regulating proliferation. Here, we describe recent advances in our understanding of how these signals are integrated to control vascular development and secondary growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine M Brown
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Ewan T Jones
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Etchells
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom.
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30
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Duan AQ, Tao JP, Jia LL, Tan GF, Liu JX, Li T, Chen LZ, Su XJ, Feng K, Xu ZS, Xiong AS. AgNAC1, a celery transcription factor, related to regulation on lignin biosynthesis and salt tolerance. Genomics 2020; 112:5254-5264. [PMID: 32976976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The NAC transcription factor participates in various biotic and abiotic stress responses and plays a critical role in plant development. Lignin is a water-insoluble dietary fiber, but it is second only to cellulose in abundance. Celery is the main source of dietary fiber, but its quality and production are limited by various abiotic stresses. Here, AgNAC1 containing the NAM domain was identified from celery. AgNAC1 was found to be a nuclear protein. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants hosting AgNAC1 have longer root lengths and stomatal axis lengths than the wide type (WT). The evidence from lignin determination and expression levels of lignin-related genes indicated that AgNAC1 plays a vital role in lignin biosynthesis. Furthermore, the results of the physiological characterization and the drought and salt treatments indicate that AgNAC1-overexpressing plants are significantly resistive to salt stress. Under drought and salt treatments, the AgNAC1 transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants presented increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and size of stomatal apertures relatively to the WT plants. The AgNAC1 served as a positive regulator in inducing the expression of stress-responsive genes. Overall, the overexpressing AgNAC1 enhanced the plants' resistance to salt stress and played a regulatory role in lignin accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao-Qi Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jian-Ping Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Li-Li Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guo-Fei Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Horticulture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 55006, China
| | - Jie-Xia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Long-Zheng Chen
- Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Su
- Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ai-Sheng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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31
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Kucukoglu M. A novel NAC domain transcription factor XVP controls the balance of xylem formation and cambial cell divisions. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 226:5-7. [PMID: 31960459 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melis Kucukoglu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HILIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
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