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Zou P, Ma S, Yuan Y, Ma J, Yang X, Hu X, Meng Q, Jing C, Li Y. A glucomannan produced by Bacillus velezensis HY23 and its growth promoting effect on soybeans under salt stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133474. [PMID: 38945338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The Bacillus genus is widely distributed in nature, has bacteriostatic and growth-promoting activities, and has broad application potential in agriculture. An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was extracted and purified from Bacillus velezensis HY23. Structural characterisation of the EPS was performed by chemical and spectroscopic analyses. Methylation analysis showed that the EPS of HY23 was composed of mannose and glucose at a ratio of 82:18 and was identified as glucomannan. Combined with the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, EPS from HY23 had a backbone of →2)-α-D-Manp-(1 → and →2,6)-α-D-Manp-(1 → branched at C-6 with terminal α-(3-O-Me)-D-Manp-(1 → and →6)-α-D-Manp-(1 → residues as the side chain. A certain amount of β-D-Glcp residues were also present in backbone. Moreover, EPS significantly improved the nitrogen-fixing activity and salt resistance of soybean seedlings by regulating the antioxidant pool and expression of ion transporters. These findings indicate that EPS from B. velezensis HY23 is a potential biostimulant for enhancing plant resistance to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zou
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Siqi Ma
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Junqing Ma
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xihao Hu
- Shandong Qingdao Tobacco Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Qi Meng
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Changliang Jing
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China.
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2
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Oishi A, Nakagawa S, Tamura K. Nucleoporin 50 proteins affect longevity and salinity stress tolerance in seeds. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:60-72. [PMID: 37849222 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoporin 50 (Nup50) is an evolutionarily conserved protein that is a constituent of the nuclear pore complex (NPC); however, its physiological role in plants is unclear. Arabidopsis has two Nup50 proteins, Nup50a and Nup50b, which are highly expressed in developing seeds. Green fluoresceent protein (GFP)-fused Nup50a and Nup50b are localized exclusively in the nucleopolasm, implying an additional function beyond the NPC in the nuclear envelope. To investigate the function of Nup50s, we employed the CRISPR/Cas9 [clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9] system to generate a nup50a nup50b double mutant, which exhibited premature translation termination of both Nup50 proteins. While the mutant showed no significant abnormal phenotype during vegetative growth, the nup50a nup50b seeds had an abnormal shape compared with the wild type. Comparative transcriptomics using immature seeds revealed that Nup50s regulate the expression of various genes, including cell wall-related genes. The nup50a nup50b seeds exhibited reduced seed longevity and salinity stress tolerance. Tetrazolium uptake and mucilage release assays implied that the nup50a nup50b seeds had greater water permeability than the wild type. Taken together, our results imply that Nup50s play a critical role in seed formation by regulating gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Oishi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shitomi Nakagawa
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tamura
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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3
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Voiniciuc C. It's time to go glyco in cell wall bioengineering. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 71:102313. [PMID: 36411187 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tailoring the structure of cellulose, hemicellulose or pectin in plant cell walls can modulate growth, disease resistance, biomass yield and other important agronomic traits. Recent advances in the biosynthesis of microfibrils and matrix polysaccharides force us to re-examine old assumptions about the assembly and functions of cell wall components. The engineering of living or hybrid materials in microorganisms could be adapted to plant biopolymers or to inspire the development of new plant-based composites. High-throughput cellular factories and synthetic biology toolkits could unveil the biological roles and biotechnological potential of the large, unexplored space of carbohydrate-active enzymes. Increasing automation and enhanced carbohydrate detection methods are unlocking new routes to design plant glycans for a sustainable bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălin Voiniciuc
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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4
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Grieß-Osowski A, Voiniciuc C. Branched mannan and xyloglucan as a dynamic duo in plant cell walls. Cell Surf 2023; 9:100098. [PMID: 36756196 PMCID: PMC9900609 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Grieß-Osowski
- Independent Junior Research Group–Designer Glycans, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany,Department of Biological Data Science, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Cătălin Voiniciuc
- Independent Junior Research Group–Designer Glycans, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany,Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States,Corresponding author at: Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
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5
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Liu Z, Hu Y, Du A, Yu L, Fu X, Wu C, Lu L, Liu Y, Wang S, Huang W, Tu S, Ma X, Li H. Cell Wall Matrix Polysaccharides Contribute to Salt-Alkali Tolerance in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315019. [PMID: 36499349 PMCID: PMC9735747 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt-alkali stress threatens the resilience to variable environments and thus the grain yield of rice. However, how rice responds to salt-alkali stress at the molecular level is poorly understood. Here, we report isolation of a novel salt-alkali-tolerant rice (SATR) by screening more than 700 germplasm accessions. Using 93-11, a widely grown cultivar, as a control, we characterized SATR in response to strong salt-alkali stress (SSAS). SATR exhibited SSAS tolerance higher than 93-11, as indicated by a higher survival rate, associated with higher peroxidase activity and total soluble sugar content but lower malonaldehyde accumulation. A transcriptome study showed that cell wall biogenesis-related pathways were most significantly enriched in SATR relative to 93-11 upon SSAS. Furthermore, higher induction of gene expression in the cell wall matrix polysaccharide biosynthesis pathway, coupled with higher accumulations of hemicellulose and pectin as well as measurable physio-biochemical adaptive responses, may explain the strong SSAS tolerance in SATR. We mapped SSAS tolerance to five genomic regions in which 35 genes were candidates potentially governing SSAS tolerance. The 1,4-β-D-xylan synthase gene OsCSLD4 in hemicellulose biosynthesis pathway was investigated in details. The OsCSLD4 function-disrupted mutant displayed reduced SSAS tolerance, biomass and grain yield, whereas the OsCSLD4 overexpression lines exhibited increased SSAS tolerance. Collectively, this study not only reveals the potential role of cell wall matrix polysaccharides in mediating SSAS tolerance, but also highlights applicable value of OsCSLD4 and the large-scale screening system in developing SSAS-tolerant rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongzhi Hu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Anping Du
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Xingyue Fu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cuili Wu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Longxiang Lu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yangxuan Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Songhu Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weizao Huang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shengbin Tu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinrong Ma
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence:
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Di Marzo M, Babolin N, Viana VE, de Oliveira AC, Gugi B, Caporali E, Herrera-Ubaldo H, Martínez-Estrada E, Driouich A, de Folter S, Colombo L, Ezquer I. The Genetic Control of SEEDSTICK and LEUNIG-HOMOLOG in Seed and Fruit Development: New Insights into Cell Wall Control. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3146. [PMID: 36432874 PMCID: PMC9698089 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although much is known about seed and fruit development at the molecular level, many gaps remain in our understanding of how cell wall modifications can impact developmental processes in plants, as well as how biomechanical alterations influence seed and fruit growth. Mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana constitute an excellent tool to study the function of gene families devoted to cell wall biogenesis. We have characterized a collection of lines carrying mutations in representative cell wall-related genes for seed and fruit size developmental defects, as well as altered germination rates. We have linked these studies to cell wall composition and structure. Interestingly, we have found that disruption of genes involved in pectin maturation and hemicellulose deposition strongly influence germination dynamics. Finally, we focused on two transcriptional regulators, SEEDSTICK (STK) and LEUNIG-HOMOLOG (LUH), which positively regulate seed growth. Herein, we demonstrate that these factors regulate specific aspects of cell wall properties such as pectin distribution. We propose a model wherein changes in seed coat structure due to alterations in the xyloglucan-cellulose matrix deposition and pectin maturation are critical for organ growth and germination. The results demonstrate the importance of cell wall properties and remodeling of polysaccharides as major factors responsible for seed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Di Marzo
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Babolin
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Vívian Ebeling Viana
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão 96010-610, RS, Brazil
| | - Antonio Costa de Oliveira
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão 96010-610, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gugi
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale EA4358, UNIROUEN—Universitè de Rouen Normandie, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Elisabetta Caporali
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Humberto Herrera-Ubaldo
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (UGA-LANGEBIO), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte, Carretera Irapuato-León, Irapuato 36824, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Martínez-Estrada
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (UGA-LANGEBIO), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte, Carretera Irapuato-León, Irapuato 36824, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Azeddine Driouich
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale EA4358, UNIROUEN—Universitè de Rouen Normandie, 76000 Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche “NORVEGE”-FED 4277, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Stefan de Folter
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (UGA-LANGEBIO), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte, Carretera Irapuato-León, Irapuato 36824, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Lucia Colombo
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Ignacio Ezquer
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
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7
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Yang B, Stamm G, Bürstenbinder K, Voiniciuc C. Microtubule-associated IQD9 orchestrates cellulose patterning in seed mucilage. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1096-1110. [PMID: 35488480 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis seeds release large capsules of mucilaginous polysaccharides, which are shaped by an intricate network of cellulosic microfibrils. Cellulose synthase complexes are guided by the microtubule cytoskeleton, but it is unclear which proteins mediate this process in the seed coat epidermis. Using reverse genetics, we identified IQ67 DOMAIN 9 (IQD9) and KINESIN LIGHT CHAIN-RELATED 1 (KLCR1) as two highly expressed genes during seed development and comprehensively characterized their roles in cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis. Mutations in IQD9 as well as in KLCR1 lead to compact mucilage capsules with aberrant cellulose distribution, which can be rescued by transgene complementation. IQD9 physically interacts with KLCR1 and localizes to cortical microtubules (MTs) to maintain their organization in seed coat epidermal (SCE) cells. IQD9 as well as a previously identified TONNEAU1 (TON1) RECRUITING MOTIF 4 (TRM4) protein act to maintain cellulose synthase velocity. Our results demonstrate that IQD9, KLCR1 and TRM4 are MT-associated proteins that are required for seed mucilage architecture. This study provides the first direct evidence that members of the IQD, KLCR and TRM families have overlapping roles in cell wall biosynthesis. Therefore, SCE cells provide an attractive system to further decipher the complex genetic regulation of polarized cellulose deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Independent Junior Research Group-Designer Glycans, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Gina Stamm
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Katharina Bürstenbinder
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Cătălin Voiniciuc
- Independent Junior Research Group-Designer Glycans, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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8
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Voiniciuc C. Modern mannan: a hemicellulose's journey. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:1175-1184. [PMID: 35285041 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hemicellulosic polysaccharides built of β-1,4-linked mannose units have been found throughout the plant kingdom and have numerous industrial applications. Here, I review recent advances in the biosynthesis and modification of plant β-mannans. These matrix polymers can associate with cellulose bundles to impact the mechanical properties of plant fibers or biocomposites. In certain algae, mannan microfibrils even replace cellulose as the dominant structural component of the cell wall. Conversely, patterned galactoglucomannan found in Arabidopsis thaliana seed mucilage significantly modulates cell wall architecture and abiotic stress tolerance despite its relatively low content. I also discuss the subcellular requirements for β-mannan biosynthesis, the increasing number of carbohydrate-active enzymes involved in this process, and the players that continue to be puzzling. I discuss how cellulose synthase-like enzymes elongate (gluco)mannans in orthogonal hosts and highlight the discoveries of plant enzymes that add specific galactosyl or acetyl decorations. Hydrolytic enzymes such as endo-β-1,4-mannanases have recently been involved in a wide range of biological contexts including seed germination, wood formation, heavy metal tolerance, and defense responses. Synthetic biology tools now provide faster tracks to modulate the increasingly-relevant mannan structures for improved plant traits and bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălin Voiniciuc
- Independent Junior Research Group-Designer Glycans, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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9
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Zhao H, Li Z, Wang Y, Wang J, Xiao M, Liu H, Quan R, Zhang H, Huang R, Zhu L, Zhang Z. Cellulose synthase-like protein OsCSLD4 plays an important role in the response of rice to salt stress by mediating abscisic acid biosynthesis to regulate osmotic stress tolerance. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:468-484. [PMID: 34664356 PMCID: PMC8882776 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis enzymes play important roles in plant growth, development and stress responses. The functions of cell wall polysaccharide synthesis enzymes in plant growth and development have been well studied. In contrast, their roles in plant responses to environmental stress are poorly understood. Previous studies have demonstrated that the rice cell wall cellulose synthase-like D4 protein (OsCSLD4) is involved in cell wall polysaccharide synthesis and is important for rice growth and development. This study demonstrated that the OsCSLD4 function-disrupted mutant nd1 was sensitive to salt stress, but insensitive to abscisic acid (ABA). The expression of some ABA synthesis and response genes was repressed in nd1 under both normal and salt stress conditions. Exogenous ABA can restore nd1-impaired salt stress tolerance. Moreover, overexpression of OsCSLD4 can enhance rice ABA synthesis gene expression, increase ABA content and improve rice salt tolerance, thus implying that OsCSLD4-regulated rice salt stress tolerance is mediated by ABA synthesis. Additionally, nd1 decreased rice tolerance to osmotic stress, but not ion toxic tolerance. The results from the transcriptome analysis showed that more osmotic stress-responsive genes were impaired in nd1 than salt stress-responsive genes, thus indicating that OsCSLD4 is involved in rice salt stress response through an ABA-induced osmotic response pathway. Intriguingly, the disruption of OsCSLD4 function decreased grain width and weight, while overexpression of OsCSLD4 increased grain width and weight. Taken together, this study demonstrates a novel plant salt stress adaptation mechanism by which crops can coordinate salt stress tolerance and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijingChina
| | - Zixuan Li
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijingChina
| | - Yayun Wang
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijingChina
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijingChina
| | - Minggang Xiao
- Biotechnology Research InstituteHeilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbinChina
| | - Hai Liu
- Department of BiologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA
| | - Ruidang Quan
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijingChina
| | - Haiwen Zhang
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijingChina
| | - Rongfeng Huang
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijingChina
| | - Li Zhu
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhijin Zhang
- Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementBeijingChina
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10
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Tsai AYL, McGee R, Dean GH, Haughn GW, Sawa S. Seed Mucilage: Biological Functions and Potential Applications in Biotechnology. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1847-1857. [PMID: 34195842 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In plants, the diaspore (seed dispersal unit) may include a seed coat and/or pericarp to protect the embryo and assist in dispersion. In many species, the seed coat and/or pericarp secrete a gelatinous mixture of cell wall polysaccharides known as mucilage. In several species, mucilage synthesis, secretion and modification have been studied extensively as model systems for the investigation of plant cell wall structure and function. Despite this, efforts toward understanding the role of mucilage have received less attention. Mucilage has been hypothesized to impact seed dispersal through interaction with soil, protecting the seed in the gut following ingestion by animals or affecting the ability of seeds to sink or float in water. Mucilage has been found to influence seed germination and seedling establishment, most often during abiotic stress, probably by maintaining seed hydration when water is scarce. Finally, mucilage has been documented to mediate interactions with various organisms. Advances in transgenic technology should enable the genetic modification of mucilage structure and function in crop plants. Cells synthesizing mucilage may also be a suitable platform for creating custom polysaccharides or proteins with industrial applications. Thus, in the near future, it is likely that research on seed mucilage will expand well beyond the current focus. Here we summarize our understanding of the biological functions of mucilage and provide an outlook on the future of mucilage research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Yi-Lun Tsai
- International Research Center for Agricultural & Environmental Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Robert McGee
- L'Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie (INRS-CAFSB), 531 des Prairies Blvd, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Gillian H Dean
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - George W Haughn
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Shinichiro Sawa
- International Research Center for Agricultural & Environmental Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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11
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Nishigaki N, Yoshimi Y, Kuki H, Kunieda T, Hara-Nishimura I, Tsumuraya Y, Takahashi D, Dupree P, Kotake T. Galactoglucomannan structure of Arabidopsis seed-coat mucilage in GDP-mannose synthesis impaired mutants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:1244-1252. [PMID: 34380178 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cell-wall polysaccharides are synthesized from nucleotide sugars by glycosyltransferases. However, in what way the level of nucleotide sugars affects the structure of the polysaccharides is not entirely clear. guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-mannose (GDP-Man) is one of the major nucleotide sugars in plants and serves as a substrate in the synthesis of mannan polysaccharides. GDP-Man is synthesized from mannose 1-phosphate and GTP by a GDP-Man pyrophosphorylase, VITAMIN C DEFECTIVE1 (VTC1), which is positively regulated by the interacting protein KONJAC1 (KJC1) in Arabidopsis. Since seed-coat mucilage can serve as a model of the plant cell wall, we examined the influence of vtc1 and kjc1 mutations on the synthesis of mucilage galactoglucomannan. Sugar composition analysis showed that mannose content in adherent mucilage of kjc1 and vtc1 mutants was only 42% and 11% of the wild-type, respectively, indicating a drastic decrease of galactoglucomannan. On the other hand, structural analysis based on specific oligosaccharides released by endo-β-1,4-mannanase indicated that galactoglucomannan had a patterned glucomannan backbone consisting of alternating residues of glucose and mannose and the frequency of α-galactosyl branches was also similar to the wild type structure. These results suggest that the structure of mucilage galactoglucomannan is mainly determined by properties of glycosyltransferases rather than the availability of nucleotide sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naho Nishigaki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Hiroaki Kuki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kunieda
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Paul Dupree
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Toshihisa Kotake
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama, Japan
- Green Biology Research Center, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
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Robert M, Waldhauer J, Stritt F, Yang B, Pauly M, Voiniciuc C. Modular biosynthesis of plant hemicellulose and its impact on yeast cells. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:140. [PMID: 34147122 PMCID: PMC8214268 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01985-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The carbohydrate polymers that encapsulate plants cells have benefited humans for centuries and have valuable biotechnological uses. In the past 5 years, exciting possibilities have emerged in the engineering of polysaccharide-based biomaterials. Despite impressive advances on bacterial cellulose-based hydrogels, comparatively little is known about how plant hemicelluloses can be reconstituted and modulated in cells suitable for biotechnological purposes. RESULTS Here, we assembled cellulose synthase-like A (CSLA) enzymes using an optimized Pichia pastoris platform to produce tunable heteromannan (HM) polysaccharides in yeast. By swapping the domains of plant mannan and glucomannan synthases, we engineered chimeric CSLA proteins that made β-1,4-linked mannan in quantities surpassing those of the native enzymes while minimizing the burden on yeast growth. Prolonged expression of a glucomannan synthase from Amorphophallus konjac was toxic to yeast cells: reducing biomass accumulation and ultimately leading to compromised cell viability. However, an engineered glucomannan synthase as well as CSLA pure mannan synthases and a CSLC glucan synthase did not inhibit growth. Interestingly, Pichia cell size could be increased or decreased depending on the composition of the CSLA protein sequence. HM yield and glucose incorporation could be further increased by co-expressing chimeric CSLA proteins with a MANNAN-SYNTHESIS-RELATED (MSR) co-factor from Arabidopsis thaliana. CONCLUSION The results provide novel routes for the engineering of polysaccharide-based biomaterials that are needed for a sustainable bioeconomy. The characterization of chimeric cellulose synthase-like enzymes in yeast offers an exciting avenue to produce plant polysaccharides in a tunable manner. Furthermore, cells modified with non-toxic plant polysaccharides such as β-mannan offer a modular chassis to produce and encapsulate sensitive cargo such as therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalen Robert
- Independent Junior Research Group - Designer Glycans, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Julian Waldhauer
- Independent Junior Research Group - Designer Glycans, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Fabian Stritt
- Institute for Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bo Yang
- Independent Junior Research Group - Designer Glycans, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Markus Pauly
- Institute for Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Cătălin Voiniciuc
- Independent Junior Research Group - Designer Glycans, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120, Halle, Germany.
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