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Wu XH, Ma CY, Jiang HJ, Zhang XY, Wang HM, Li HR, Zhao ZH, Sun K, Zhang W, Dai CC. Root Endophyte-Manipulated Alteration in Rhizodeposits Stimulates Claroideoglomus in the Rhizosphere to Enhance Drought Resistance in Peanut. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 39197047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
Drought dramatically affects plant growth and yield. A previous study indicated that endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris can improve the drought resistance of peanuts, which is related with the root arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community; however, how root endophytes mediate AMF assembly to affect plant drought resistance remains unclear. Here, we explored the mechanism by which endophytic fungus recruits AMF symbiotic partners via rhizodeposits to improve host drought resistance. The results showed that Ph. liquidambaris enhanced peanut drought resistance by enriching the AMF genus Claroideoglomus of the rhizosphere. Furthermore, metabolomic analysis indicated that Ph. liquidambaris significantly promoted isoformononetin and salicylic acid (SA) synthesis in rhizodeposits, which were correlated with the increase in Claroideoglomus abundance following Ph. liquidambaris inoculation. Coinoculation experiments confirmed that isoformononetin and SA could enrich Claroideoglomus etunicatum in the rhizosphere, thereby improving the drought resistance. This study highlights the crucial role of fungal consortia in plant stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Han Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Chen-Yu Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Hui-Jun Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Hao-Ming Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Hao-Ran Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Zi-Han Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
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Duan S, Feng G, Limpens E, Bonfante P, Xie X, Zhang L. Cross-kingdom nutrient exchange in the plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus-bacterium continuum. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41579-024-01073-7. [PMID: 39014094 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01073-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
The association between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) affects plant performance and ecosystem functioning. Recent studies have identified AMF-associated bacteria as cooperative partners that participate in AMF-plant symbiosis: specific endobacteria live inside AMF, and hyphospheric bacteria colonize the soil that surrounds the extraradical hyphae. In this Review, we describe the concept of a plant-AMF-bacterium continuum, summarize current advances and provide perspectives on soil microbiology. First, we review the top-down carbon flow and the bottom-up mineral flow (especially phosphorus and nitrogen) in this continuum, as well as how AMF-bacteria interactions influence the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients (for example, carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen). Second, we discuss how AMF interact with hyphospheric bacteria or endobacteria to regulate nutrient exchange between plants and AMF, and the possible molecular mechanisms that underpin this continuum. Finally, we explore future prospects for studies on the hyphosphere to facilitate the utilization of AMF and hyphospheric bacteria in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Erik Limpens
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Bonfante
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Xianan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Liu B, Ahnemann H, Arlotti D, Huyghebaert B, Cuperus F, Tebbe CC. Impact of diversified cropping systems and fertilization strategies on soil microbial abundance and functional potentials for nitrogen cycling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:172954. [PMID: 38723956 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Diversified cropping systems and fertilization strategies were proposed to enhance the abundance and diversity of the soil microbiome, thereby stabilizing their beneficial services for maintaining soil fertility and supporting plant growth. Here, we assessed across three different long-term field experiments in Europe (Netherlands, Belgium, Northern Germany) whether diversified cropping systems and fertilization strategies also affect their functional gene abundance. Soil DNA was analyzed by quantitative PCR for quantifying bacteria, archaea and fungi as well as functional genes related to nitrogen (N) transformations; including bacterial and archaeal nitrification (amoA-bac,arch), three steps of the denitrification process (nirK, nirS and nosZ-cladeI,II) and N2 assimilation (nifH), respectively. Crop diversification and fertilization strategies generally enhanced soil total carbon (C), N and microbial abundance, but with variation between sites. Overall effects of diversified cropping systems and fertilization strategies on functional genes were much stronger than on the abundance of bacteria, archaea and fungi. The legume-based cropping systems showed great potential not only in stimulating the growth of N-fixing microorganisms but also in boosting downstream functional potentials for N cycling. The sorghum-based intercropping system suppressed soil ammonia oxidizing prokaryotes. N fertilization reduced the abundance of nitrifiers and denitrifiers except for ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, while the application of the synthetic nitrification inhibitor DMPP combined with mineral N reduced growth of both ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a strong impact of diversified agricultural practices on the soil microbiome and their functional potentials mediating N transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Liu
- Thünen Institute of Biodiversity, Bundesallee 65, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hauke Ahnemann
- Chamber of Agriculture, Lower Saxony, Vor dem Zoll 2, D-31582 Nienburg, Germany
| | - Donatienne Arlotti
- Walloon agricultural Research Centre; Soil, water and integrated production Unit, 4, rue du Bordia, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Bruno Huyghebaert
- Walloon agricultural Research Centre; Soil, water and integrated production Unit, 4, rue du Bordia, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Fogelina Cuperus
- Wageningen University & Research, Edelhertweg 1, NL-8219 PH Lelystad, Netherlands
| | - Christoph C Tebbe
- Thünen Institute of Biodiversity, Bundesallee 65, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Peng Z, Johnson NC, Jansa J, Han J, Fang Z, Zhang Y, Jiang S, Xi H, Mao L, Pan J, Zhang Q, Feng H, Fan T, Zhang J, Liu Y. Mycorrhizal effects on crop yield and soil ecosystem functions in a long-term tillage and fertilization experiment. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:1798-1813. [PMID: 38155454 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
It is well understood that agricultural management influences arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, but there is controversy about whether farmers should manage for AM symbiosis. We assessed AM fungal communities colonizing wheat roots for three consecutive years in a long-term (> 14 yr) tillage and fertilization experiment. Relationships among mycorrhizas, crop performance, and soil ecosystem functions were quantified. Tillage, fertilizers and continuous monoculture all reduced AM fungal richness and shifted community composition toward dominance of a few ruderal taxa. Rhizophagus and Dominikia were depressed by tillage and/or fertilization, and their abundances as well as AM fungal richness correlated positively with soil aggregate stability and nutrient cycling functions across all or no-tilled samples. In the field, wheat yield was unrelated to AM fungal abundance and correlated negatively with AM fungal richness. In a complementary glasshouse study, wheat biomass was enhanced by soil inoculum from unfertilized, no-till plots while neutral to depressed growth was observed in wheat inoculated with soils from fertilized and conventionally tilled plots. This study demonstrates contrasting impacts of low-input and conventional agricultural practices on AM symbiosis and highlights the importance of considering both crop yield and soil ecosystem functions when managing mycorrhizas for more sustainable agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenling Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Nancy Collins Johnson
- School of Earth and Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Jan Jansa
- Laboratory of Fungal Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiayao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhou Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shengjing Jiang
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Hao Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lin Mao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jianbin Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Huyuan Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tinglu Fan
- Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Oliveira MCO, Ragonezi C, Valente S, de Freitas JGR, Pinheiro de Carvalho MAA. Microorganism community structure: A characterisation of agrosystems from Madeira Archipelago. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2024; 16:e13227. [PMID: 38268303 PMCID: PMC10866076 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Microbial diversity profoundly influences soil ecosystem functions, making it vital to monitor community dynamics to comprehend its structure. Our study focused on six agrosystems in Madeira Archipelago, analysing bacteria, archaea, fungi and AMF through classical microbiology and molecular techniques. Despite distinct edaphoclimatic conditions and management practices, bacterial structures exhibited similarities, with Alphaproteobacteria at 18%-20%, Bacilli at 11%-18% and Clostridia at 9%-14%. The predominance of copiothrophic groups suggested that soil nutrient content was the driver of these communities. Regarding archaea, the communities changed among sites, and it was evident that agrosystems provided niches for methanogens. The Crenarchaeota varied between 15% and 29%, followed by two classes of Euryarchaeota, Methanomicrobia (17%-25%) and Methanococci (4%-32%). Fungal communities showed consistent composition at the class level but had differing diversity indices due to management practices and soil texture. Sordaryomycetes (21%-28%) and Agaricomycetes (15%-23%) were predominant. Conversely, AMF communities appeared to be also influenced by the agrosystem, with Glomus representing over 50% of the community in all agrosystems. These insights into microbial groups' susceptibilities to environmental conditions are crucial for maintaining healthy soil and predicting climate change effects on agrosystems' productivity, resilience and sustainability. Additionally, our findings enable the development of more robust prediction models for agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina O. Oliveira
- ISOPlexis ‐ Centre of Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, Campus da Penteada, University of MadeiraFunchalPortugal
| | - Carla Ragonezi
- ISOPlexis ‐ Centre of Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, Campus da Penteada, University of MadeiraFunchalPortugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro‐Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro – Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri‐Food ProductionUniversity of Trás‐os‐Montes and Alto DouroVila RealPortugal
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Campus da PenteadaUniversity of MadeiraFunchalPortugal
| | - Sofia Valente
- ISOPlexis ‐ Centre of Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, Campus da Penteada, University of MadeiraFunchalPortugal
| | - José G. R. de Freitas
- ISOPlexis ‐ Centre of Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, Campus da Penteada, University of MadeiraFunchalPortugal
| | - Miguel A. A. Pinheiro de Carvalho
- ISOPlexis ‐ Centre of Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, Campus da Penteada, University of MadeiraFunchalPortugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro‐Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro – Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri‐Food ProductionUniversity of Trás‐os‐Montes and Alto DouroVila RealPortugal
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Campus da PenteadaUniversity of MadeiraFunchalPortugal
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Mugnai S, Derossi N, Hendlin Y. Algae communication, conspecific and interspecific: the concepts of phycosphere and algal-bacteria consortia in a photobioreactor (PBR). PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2148371. [PMID: 36934349 PMCID: PMC10026891 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2148371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae in the wild often form consortia with other species promoting their own health and resource foraging opportunities. The recent application of microalgae cultivation and deployment in commercial photobioreactors (PBR) so far has focussed on single species of algae, resulting in multi-species consortia being largely unexplored. Reviewing the current status of PBR ecological habitat, this article argues in favor of further investigation into algal communication with conspecifics and interspecifics, including other strains of microalgae and bacteria. These mutualistic species form the 'phycosphere': the microenvironment surrounding microalgal cells, potentiating the production of certain metabolites through biochemical interaction with cohabitating microorganisms. A better understanding of the phycosphere could lead to novel PBR configurations, capable of incorporating algal-microbial consortia, potentially proving more effective than single-species algal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yogi Hendlin
- Erasmus School of Philosophy, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Hayek S, Marchal C, Huc S, Lapébie L, Abdulhak S, Van Es J, Barbreau V, Mouhamadou B, Binet MN. The Effects of Local Weed Species on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities in an Organic Winter Wheat ( Triticum durum L.) Field in Lebanon. Microorganisms 2023; 12:75. [PMID: 38257902 PMCID: PMC10819832 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We examined the potential effects of weed species on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in an organic winter wheat (Triticum durum) field in Lebanon. In this agroecosystem, the field and its surroundings were covered with spontaneous vegetation corresponding to local weeds. The coexistence between wheat and weeds did not modify AM fungal community diversity and colonization in T. durum but changed their composition. We evidenced 22 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) specifically shared between wheat associated with weeds (Tdw) and weeds, regardless of their localization and 12 OTUs with an abundance of variation between wheat without neighboring weeds (Td) and Tdw. The number of AM propagules and total C and N contents were higher in soil covered with wheat associated with weeds (TdWsoil) vs. wheat without neighboring weeds (Tdsoil). In greenhouse experiments, the shoot biomass and root mycorrhizal intensity of Medicago sativa, used as a trap plant, were higher using TdWsoil vs. Tdsoil as the inoculum. Positive correlations were observed between soil AM propagule numbers and M. sativa shoot biomass, on the one hand and M. sativa mycorrhizal intensity, on the other hand. Weeds seemed to exert significant effects on root AM fungal composition in T. durum and these effects may contribute to enhanced AMF development in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukayna Hayek
- Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, P.O. Box 72, Zouk Mikael 5425, Lebanon;
| | - Camille Marchal
- Laboratoire d’Écologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Université Grenoble Alpes, CS 40700, CEDEX 09, 38058 Grenoble, France; (C.M.); (M.-N.B.)
| | - Stéphanie Huc
- Conservatoire Botanique National Alpin, Domaine de Charance, 05000 Gap, France; (S.H.); (L.L.); (S.A.); (J.V.E.)
| | - Ludivine Lapébie
- Conservatoire Botanique National Alpin, Domaine de Charance, 05000 Gap, France; (S.H.); (L.L.); (S.A.); (J.V.E.)
| | - Sylvain Abdulhak
- Conservatoire Botanique National Alpin, Domaine de Charance, 05000 Gap, France; (S.H.); (L.L.); (S.A.); (J.V.E.)
| | - Jérémie Van Es
- Conservatoire Botanique National Alpin, Domaine de Charance, 05000 Gap, France; (S.H.); (L.L.); (S.A.); (J.V.E.)
| | - Viviane Barbreau
- Collège Henri Wallon, 17 Rue Henri Wallon, 38400 Saint Martin d’Hères, France;
| | - Bello Mouhamadou
- Laboratoire d’Écologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Université Grenoble Alpes, CS 40700, CEDEX 09, 38058 Grenoble, France; (C.M.); (M.-N.B.)
| | - Marie-Noëlle Binet
- Laboratoire d’Écologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Université Grenoble Alpes, CS 40700, CEDEX 09, 38058 Grenoble, France; (C.M.); (M.-N.B.)
- Maison de l’Université Esplanade Erasme, Université de Bourgogne, CEDEX BP27877, 21078 Dijon, France
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Yang X, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Niu Y, Christie P, Chen J, Hu H, Chen Y. Optimizing cropping systems to close the gap between economic profitability and environmental health. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:2498-2512. [PMID: 37846026 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Supporting food security while maintaining ecosystem sustainability is one of the most important global challenges for humanity. Optimization of cropping systems is expected to promote the ecosystem services of agroecosystems. Yet, how and why cropping system influences the trade-offs between economic profitability and multiple ecosystem services remain poorly understood. We investigate the influence of six cropping systems on trade-offs between economic profitability and multiple ecosystem services after considering 36 agricultural ecosystem properties using field experiment data from 2020 to 2022. We show that designing cropping system is a critical tool to closing the gap between ecosystem sustainability and commercial profitability. Cropping system with three harvests within 2 yr had higher performance in overall ecosystem multiple services through enhancement of supporting, regulating, and economic performance without compromising provisioning compared with four other systems. These systems diminished the trade-off among multiple services, resulting in a 'win-win' situation for economics and multiple services. By contrast, the monoculture and double cropping systems lead to a strong trade-off between pairwise services including ecosystem health and profitability. Our work illustrates the substantial potential of rotation systems with three harvests within 2 yr in enforcing ecosystem services and closing the trade-offs among multiple agricultural ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Funcionamiento Ecosistémico, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Ave Reina Mercedes 10, E-41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Yuxuan Niu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Peter Christie
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Hangwei Hu
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., 3010, Australia
| | - Yongliang Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
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Pino V, Fajardo M, McBratney A, Minasny B, Wilson N, Baldock C. Australian soil microbiome: A first sightseeing regional prediction driven by cycles of soil temperature and pedogenic variations. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:6243-6259. [PMID: 36862079 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Declines in soil multifunctionality (e.gsoil capacity to provide food and energy) are closely related to changes in the soil microbiome (e.g., diversity) Determining ecological drivers promoting such microbiome changes is critical knowledge for protecting soil functions. However, soil-microbe interactions are highly variable within environmental gradients and may not be consistent across studies. Here we propose that analysis of community dissimilarity (β-diversity) is a valuable tool for overviewing soil microbiome spatiotemporal changes. Indeed, β-diversity studies at larger scales (modelling and mapping) simplify complex multivariate interactions and refine our understanding of ecological drivers by also giving the possibility of expanding the environmental scenarios. This study represents the first spatial investigation of β-diversity in the soil microbiome of New South Wales (800,642 km2 ), Australia. We used metabarcoding soil data (16S rRNA and ITS genes) as exact sequence variants (ASVs) and UMAP (Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection) as the distance metric. β-Diversity maps (1000-m resolution)-concordance correlations of 0.91-0.96 and 0.91-0.95 for bacteria and fungi, respectively-showed soil biome dissimilarities driven primarily by soil chemistry-pH and effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC)-and cycles of soil temperature-land surface temperature (LST-phase and LST-amplitude). Regionally, the spatial patterns of microbes parallel the distribution of soil classes (e.g., Vertosols) beyond spatial distances and rainfall, for example. Soil classes can be valuable discriminants for monitoring approaches, for example pedogenons and pedophenons. Ultimately, cultivated soils exhibited lower richness due to declines in rare microbes which might compromise soil functions over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Pino
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences & Sydney Institute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mario Fajardo
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences & Sydney Institute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alex McBratney
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences & Sydney Institute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Budiman Minasny
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences & Sydney Institute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Neil Wilson
- Metagenomic Laboratory, Metagen Pty, Ltd., Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chris Baldock
- Metagenomic Laboratory, Metagen Pty, Ltd., Gatton, Queensland, Australia
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Romano I, Bodenhausen N, Basch G, Soares M, Faist H, Trognitz F, Sessitsch A, Doubell M, Declerck S, Symanczik S. Impact of conservation tillage on wheat performance and its microbiome. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1211758. [PMID: 37670872 PMCID: PMC10475739 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1211758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Winter wheat is an important cereal consumed worldwide. However, current management practices involving chemical fertilizers, irrigation, and intensive tillage may have negative impacts on the environment. Conservation agriculture is often presented as a sustainable alternative to maintain wheat production, favoring the beneficial microbiome. Here, we evaluated the impact of different water regimes (rainfed and irrigated), fertilization levels (half and full fertilization), and tillage practices (occasional tillage and no-tillage) on wheat performance, microbial activity, and rhizosphere- and root-associated microbial communities of four winter wheat genotypes (Antequera, Allez-y, Apache, and Cellule) grown in a field experiment. Wheat performance (i.e., yield, plant nitrogen concentrations, and total nitrogen uptake) was mainly affected by irrigation, fertilization, and genotype, whereas microbial activity (i.e., protease and alkaline phosphatase activities) was affected by irrigation. Amplicon sequencing data revealed that habitat (rhizosphere vs. root) was the main factor shaping microbial communities and confirmed that the selection of endophytic microbial communities takes place thanks to specific plant-microbiome interactions. Among the experimental factors applied, the interaction of irrigation and tillage influenced rhizosphere- and root-associated microbiomes. The findings presented in this work make it possible to link agricultural practices to microbial communities, paving the way for better monitoring of these microorganisms in the context of agroecosystem sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Romano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Microbiology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Natacha Bodenhausen
- Department of Soil Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, Switzerland
| | - Gottlieb Basch
- MED – Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Miguel Soares
- MED – Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Hanna Faist
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Tulln, Austria
| | | | | | - Marcé Doubell
- Mycology, Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Declerck
- Mycology, Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Sarah Symanczik
- Department of Soil Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, Switzerland
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11
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Mi Y, Xu C, Li X, Zhou M, Cao K, Dong C, Li X, Ji N, Wang F, Su H, Liu X, Wei Y. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi community analysis revealed the significant impact of arsenic in antimony- and arsenic-contaminated soil in three Guizhou regions. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1189400. [PMID: 37275177 PMCID: PMC10232906 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1189400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The lack of systematic investigations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community composition is an obstacle to AMF biotechnological applications in antimony (Sb)- and arsenic (As)-polluted soil. Methods Morphological and molecular identification were applied to study the AMF community composition in Sb- and As-contaminated areas, and the main influencing factors of AMF community composition in Sb- and As-contaminated areas were explored. Results (1) A total of 513,546 sequences were obtained, and the majority belonged to Glomeraceae [88.27%, 193 operational taxonomic units (OTUs)], followed by Diversisporaceae, Paraglomeraceae, Acaulosporaceae, Gigasporaceae, and Archaeosporaceae; (2) the affinity between AMF and plants was mainly related to plant species (F = 3.488, p = 0.022 < 0.050), which was not significantly correlated with the total Sb (TSb) and total As (TAs) in soil; (3) the AMF spore density was mainly related to the available nitrogen, available potassium, and total organic carbon; (4) The effect of soil nutrients on AMF community composition (total explanation: 15.36%) was greater than that of soil Sb and As content (total explanation: 5.80%); (5) the effect of TAs on AMF community composition (λ = -0.96) was more drastic than that of TSb (λ = -0.21), and the effect of As on AMF community composition was exacerbated by the interaction between As and phosphorus in the soil; and (6) Diversisporaceae was positively correlated with the TSb and TAs. Discussion The potential impact of As on the effective application of mycorrhizal technology should be further considered when applied to the ecological restoration of Sb- and As-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cuimin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ningning Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fanfan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hailei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Mi Y, Bai X, Li X, Zhou M, Liu X, Wang F, Su H, Chen H, Wei Y. Soil Mercury Pollution Changes Soil Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Community Composition. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040395. [PMID: 37108850 PMCID: PMC10143163 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Remediation of mercury (Hg)-contaminated soil by mycorrhizal technology has drawn increasing attention because of its environmental friendliness. However, the lack of systematic investigations on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community composition in Hg-polluted soil is an obstacle for AMF biotechnological applications. In this study, the AMF communities within rhizosphere soils from seven sites from three typical Hg mining areas were sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq platform. A total of 297 AMF operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected in the Hg mining area, of which Glomeraceae was the dominant family (66.96%, 175 OTUs). AMF diversity was significantly associated with soil total Hg content and water content in the Hg mining area. Soil total Hg showed a negative correlation with AMF richness and diversity. In addition, the soil properties including total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total potassium, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, and pH also affected AMF diversity. Paraglomeraceae was found to be negatively correlated to Hg stress. The wide distribution of Glomeraceae in Hg-contaminated soil makes it a potential candidate for mycorrhizal remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Mi
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Administration Service, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Xinru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Min Zhou
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Fanfan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Hailei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
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13
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Heuck MK, Birnbaum C, Frew A. Friends to the rescue: using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to future-proof Australian agriculture. MICROBIOLOGY AUSTRALIA 2023. [DOI: 10.1071/ma23002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
With a rising global population and the challenges of climate change, there is an increasing need to find solutions to maintain crop yields in an ecologically sustainable way. Although many studies have focussed on this issue, comparatively few are conducted in the southern hemisphere. This is worrisome because the geographical and geomorphological conditions within Australia differ greatly from the northern hemisphere. To ensure food security, approaches can rely on conventional agricultural methods as well as commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal inoculants. Both approaches lack the capacity to be successful in the long term or could have unknown negative effects on the naturally occurring microbial communities. We advocate for a sustainable and holistic approach that combines the effective management of functionally diverse AM fungal communities with precision farming techniques while integrating landscape elements into agricultural fields. In addition, landowners and scientists should collaborate and communicate their work with industry and government to take forward the shift to a more-sustainable agriculture. In this way, we will be better able to secure our food production while restoring our soil ecosystems.
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14
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Li X, Zhao R, Li D, Wang G, Bei S, Ju X, An R, Li L, Kuyper TW, Christie P, Bender FS, Veen C, van der Heijden MGA, van der Putten WH, Zhang F, Butterbach-Bahl K, Zhang J. Mycorrhiza-mediated recruitment of complete denitrifying Pseudomonas reduces N 2O emissions from soil. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:45. [PMID: 36890606 PMCID: PMC9996866 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01466-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are key soil organisms and their extensive hyphae create a unique hyphosphere associated with microbes actively involved in N cycling. However, the underlying mechanisms how AMF and hyphae-associated microbes may cooperate to influence N2O emissions from "hot spot" residue patches remain unclear. Here we explored the key microbes in the hyphosphere involved in N2O production and consumption using amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Chemotaxis, growth and N2O emissions of isolated N2O-reducing bacteria in response to hyphal exudates were tested using in vitro cultures and inoculation experiments. RESULTS AMF hyphae reduced denitrification-derived N2O emission (max. 63%) in C- and N-rich residue patches. AMF consistently enhanced the abundance and expression of clade I nosZ gene, and inconsistently increased that of nirS and nirK genes. The reduction of N2O emissions in the hyphosphere was linked to N2O-reducing Pseudomonas specifically enriched by AMF, concurring with the increase in the relative abundance of the key genes involved in bacterial citrate cycle. Phenotypic characterization of the isolated complete denitrifying P. fluorescens strain JL1 (possessing clade I nosZ) indicated that the decline of net N2O emission was a result of upregulated nosZ expression in P. fluorescens following hyphal exudation (e.g. carboxylates). These findings were further validated by re-inoculating sterilized residue patches with P. fluorescens and by an 11-year-long field experiment showing significant positive correlation between hyphal length density with the abundance of clade I nosZ gene. CONCLUSIONS The cooperation between AMF and the N2O-reducing Pseudomonas residing on hyphae significantly reduce N2O emissions in the microsites. Carboxylates exuded by hyphae act as attractants in recruiting P. fluorescens and also as stimulants triggering nosZ gene expression. Our discovery indicates that reinforcing synergies between AMF and hyphosphere microbiome may provide unexplored opportunities to stimulate N2O consumption in nutrient-enriched microsites, and consequently reduce N2O emissions from soils. This knowledge opens novel avenues to exploit cross-kingdom microbial interactions for sustainable agriculture and for climate change mitigation. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Agronomy and Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, China
| | - Ruotong Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guangzhou Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuikuan Bei
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaotang Ju
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Ran An
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Long Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Thomas W Kuyper
- Department of Soil Quality, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, Wageningen, 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Christie
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Franz S Bender
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008, Zürich, Switzerland
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ciska Veen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO KNAW), Wageningen, NL-6700 AB, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008, Zürich, Switzerland
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wim H van der Putten
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO KNAW), Wageningen, NL-6700 AB, The Netherlands
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Kreuzeckbahnstrasse 19, 82467, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
- Pioneer Center Land-CRAFT, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Junling Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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15
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Rodriguez-Morelos VH, Calonne-Salmon M, Declerck S. Anastomosis within and between networks of Rhizophagus irregularis is differentially influenced by fungicides. MYCORRHIZA 2023; 33:15-21. [PMID: 36680651 PMCID: PMC9938072 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-023-01103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play key roles in soil fertility of agroecosystems. They develop dense extraradical mycelial (ERM) networks via mechanisms such as hyphal anastomosis. These connections between hyphae can be affected by agricultural practices such as the use of fungicides, but how these compounds affect anastomosis formation within and more importantly between networks of the same AM fungal strain remains poorly unexplored. Here, the impact of azoxystrobin, pencycuron, flutolanil, and fenpropimorph at 0.02 and 2 mg L-1 were tested in vitro on the anastomosis formation within and between networks of Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833. Azoxystrobin and fenpropimorph had a particularly detrimental impact, at the highest concentration (2 mg L-1), on the number of anastomoses within and between networks, and for fenpropimorph in particular at both concentrations (0.02 and 2 mg L-1) on the number of anastomoses per length of hyphae. Curiously fenpropimorph at 0.02 mg L-1 significantly stimulated spore production, while with azoxystrobin, the reverse was observed at 2 mg L-1. The two other fungicides, pencycuron and flutolanil, had no detrimental effects on spore production or anastomosis formation within and between networks. These results suggest that fungicides with different modes of action and concentrations differentially affect anastomosis possibly by altering the hyphal tips of AM fungi and may thus affect the capacity of AM fungi to develop large hyphal networks exploring and exploiting the soil at the service of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Rodriguez-Morelos
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Mycology, Croix du Sud 2, Box L7.05.06, 1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Maryline Calonne-Salmon
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Mycology, Croix du Sud 2, Box L7.05.06, 1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Declerck
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Mycology, Croix du Sud 2, Box L7.05.06, 1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium.
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16
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Tosi M, Ogilvie CM, Spagnoletti FN, Fournier S, Martin RC, Dunfield KE. Cover Crops Modulate the Response of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Water Supply: A Field Study in Corn. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12051015. [PMID: 36903877 PMCID: PMC10005079 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Cover crops (CCs) were found to improve soil health by increasing plant diversity and ground cover. They may also improve water supply for cash crops by reducing evaporation and increasing soil water storage capacity. However, their influence on plant-associated microbial communities, including symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), is less well understood. In a corn field trial, we studied the response of AMF to a four-species winter CC, relative to a no-CC control, as well as to two contrasting water supply levels (i.e., drought and irrigated). We measured AMF colonization of corn roots and used Illumina MiSeq sequencing to study the composition and diversity of soil AMF communities at two depths (i.e., 0-10 and 10-20 cm). In this trial, AMF colonization was high (61-97%), and soil AMF communities were represented by 249 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) belonging to 5 genera and 33 virtual taxa. Glomus, followed by Claroideoglomus and Diversispora (class Glomeromycetes), were the dominant genera. Our results showed interacting effects between CC treatments and water supply levels for most of the measured variables. The percentage of AMF colonization, arbuscules, and vesicles tended to be lower in irrigated than drought sites, with significant differences detected only under no-CC. Similarly, soil AMF phylogenetic composition was affected by water supply only in the no-CC treatment. Changes in the abundance of individual virtual taxa also showed strong interacting effects between CCs, irrigation, and sometimes soil depth, although CC effects were clearer than irrigation effects. An exception to these interactions was soil AMF evenness, which was higher in CC than no-CC, and higher under drought than irrigation. Soil AMF richness was not affected by the applied treatments. Our results suggest that CCs can affect the structure of soil AMF communities and modulate their response to water availability levels, although soil heterogeneity could influence the final outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Tosi
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Cameron M. Ogilvie
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Federico N. Spagnoletti
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales (INBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas (CONICET), Avda. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avda. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Sarah Fournier
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Ralph C. Martin
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Kari E. Dunfield
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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17
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Liu Z, Fang J, Song B, Yang Y, Yu Z, Hu J, Dong K, Takahashi K, Adams JM. Stochastic processes dominate soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community assembly along an elevation gradient in central Japan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158941. [PMID: 36152859 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play an important role in facilitating ecosystem function and stability. Yet, their community response patterns and ecological assembly processes along elevational gradients which cross a range of climates and soil conditions remain elusive. We used Illumina MiSeq sequencing to examine trends in soil AM fungal community along an elevational gradient from 100 m to 2300 m in central Japan. A total of 750 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) affiliated to 12 AM fungal genera were identified from soil samples, and the AM fungal community composition differed strongly with elevation, with variance explained more by climate, followed by soil and plant factors. The AM fungal α-diversity, network connectivity and complexity between AM fungal taxa and also with plant communities all exhibited a maximum at the mid-elevation of 800 m and then declined, principally influenced by soil pH and precipitation. Stochastic processes dominated AM fungal community assembly across the whole elevation gradient, with homogenizing dispersal being the main process. Only when AM fungal communities were contrasted across a relatively broad range of elevations, did variable selection (deterministic process) became significant, and even then in a mixed role with stochasticity. While OTUs of AM fungi are clearly adapted to particular environmental ranges, stochasticity due to rapid dispersal has a major role in determining their occurrence, suggesting that AM fungi may possess generalized and interchangeable niches, and can adjust their distribution rapidly - at least on the scale of a single mountain. This finding emphasizes that the roles of AM fungi in plant ecology may be non-specific and easily substituted, and furthermore that there is rapid local scale dispersal, which may allow plants to maintain effective AM associations under environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Liu
- School of Geography and Oceanography, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Fang
- School of Geography and Oceanography, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Song
- School of Geography and Oceanography, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Geography and Oceanography, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi Yu
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Junli Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Dong
- Life Science Major, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea.
| | - Koichi Takahashi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | - Jonathan M Adams
- School of Geography and Oceanography, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Deja-Sikora E, Werner K, Hrynkiewicz K. AMF species do matter: Rhizophagus irregularis and Funneliformis mosseae affect healthy and PVY-infected Solanum tuberosum L. in a different way. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1127278. [PMID: 37138600 PMCID: PMC10150075 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1127278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were documented to positively influence plant growth and yield, which is extremely important for the production of many crops including potato. However, the nature of the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhiza and plant virus that share the same host is not well characterized. In this study, we examined the effect of different AMF, Rhizophagus irregularis and Funneliformis mosseae, on healthy and potato virus Y (PVY)-infected Solanum tuberosum L. The analyses conducted included the measurement of potato growth parameters, oxidative stress indicators, and photosynthetic capacity. Additionally, we evaluated both the development of AMF in plant roots and the virus level in mycorrhizal plants. We found that two AMF species colonized plant roots to varying degrees (ca. 38% for R. irregularis vs. 20% for F. mosseae). Rhizophagus irregularis had a more positive effect on potato growth parameters, causing a significant increase in the total fresh and dry weight of tubers, along with virus-challenged plants. Furthermore, this species lowered hydrogen peroxide levels in PVY-infected leaves and positively modulated the levels of nonenzymatic antioxidants, i.e., ascorbate and glutathione in leaves and roots. Finally, both fungal species contributed to reduced lipid peroxidation and alleviation of virus-induced oxidative damage in plant organs. We also confirmed an indirect interaction between AMF and PVY inhabiting the same host. The two AMF species seemed to have different abilities to colonize the roots of virus-infected hosts, as R. irregularis showed a stronger drop in mycorrhizal development in the presence of PVY. At the same time, arbuscular mycorrhiza exerted an effect on virus multiplication, causing increased PVY accumulation in plant leaves and a decreased concentration of virus in roots. In conclusion, the effect of AMF-plant interactions may differ depending on the genotypes of both symbiotic partners. Additionally, indirect AMF-PVY interactions occur in host plants, diminishing the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhiza while changing the distribution of viral particles in plants.
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19
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Bollmann-Giolai A, Malone JG, Arora S. Diversity, detection and exploitation: linking soil fungi and plant disease. Curr Opin Microbiol 2022; 70:102199. [PMID: 36108394 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2022.102199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Plant-associated fungi are incredibly diverse, comprising over a million species of mycorrhiza, endophytes, saprophytes and pathogens worldwide. This diverse fungal community is highly important for plant health. Many fungi are effective biocontrol agents that can kill or suppress fungal pathogens, with pathogen biocontrol found for both individual microorganisms and plant-associated fungal consortia. Meanwhile, increased plant community diversity aboveground corresponds to an increase in below-ground fungal community diversity, which contributes in turn to improved rhizosphere soil health and pathogen suppression. In this review, we discuss the role of fungal diversity in soil health and plant disease suppression and the various mechanisms by which mycorrhizal and endophytic fungi combat plant pathogenic fungi. We also discuss the array of diagnostic tools, both well-established and newly developed, which are revolutionising fungal pathogen detection and rhizosphere community analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Bollmann-Giolai
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jacob G Malone
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK; School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Sanu Arora
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
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20
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Qiao X, Sun T, Lei J, Xiao L, Xue L, Zhang H, Jia J, Bei S. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi contribute to wheat yield in an agroforestry system with different tree ages. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1024128. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1024128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercropping achieved through agroforestry is increasingly being recognized as a sustainable form of land use. In agroforestry, the roots of trees and crops are intermingled, and their interactions and the production of exudates alter the soil environment and soil microbial community. Although tree–crop interactions vary depending on the stand age of the trees, how stand age affects beneficial microorganisms, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and whether changes in soil microorganisms feed back on crop growth in agroforestry systems are unknown. We therefore conducted a long-term field study to compare changes in the soil microbial and AMF communities in a jujube/wheat agroforestry system containing trees of different stand ages: 3-year-old jujube, 8-year-old jujube, and 13-year-old jujube. Our results showed that by changing soil moisture and available phosphorus content, the stand age of the trees had a significant effect on the soil microbial and AMF communities. Soil moisture altered the composition of soil bacteria, in particular the proportions of Gram-positive and Gram-negative species, and available phosphorus had significant effects on the AMF community. A network analysis showed that older stands of trees reduced both AMF diversity and network complexity. An ordinary least squares regression analysis indicated that AMF diversity, network complexity, and stability contributed to wheat yield. Finally, structural equation modeling showed that changes in edaphic factors induced by tree age brought about significant variation in the soil microbial and AMF communities, in turn, affecting crop growth. Our study highlights the crucial roles of soil microorganisms, in particular AMF, in supporting plant growth in agroforestry systems as well as the need to consider stand age in the establishment of these systems.
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21
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Dry-Season Soil and Co-Cultivated Host Plants Enhanced Propagation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Spores from Sand Dune Vegetation in Trap Culture. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8101061. [PMID: 36294628 PMCID: PMC9604700 DOI: 10.3390/jof8101061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as biofertilizer in agriculture is a sustainable approach to fertilization. The first step in the production of AMF biofertilizer is inoculation of mycotrophic plants with a composite of soil and native plant roots, containing potentially viable AMF spores from natural habitats, to a trap culture. A single host plant or a consortium of host plants can be used to propagate AMF spores. However, the difference in the comparative efficiency of mono- and co-cultivated host plants used for the production of AMF spores and the maintenance of original AMF community composition has not been well elucidated. Here, we prepared trap culture with nutrient-poor soil from coastal sand dune vegetation collected during the dry season when the AMF spore density and relative abundance of Glomeromycota ITS2 sequences were significantly higher (p = <0.05) than in the wet season. The AMF communities in the soil were mainly composed of Glomus spp. Maize (Zea mays L.) and/or Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.). Moench) were grown in trap cultures in the greenhouse. Our results demonstrated that co-cultivation of the host plants increased the production of AMF spores but, compared to mono-cultivation of host plants, did not better sustain the native AMF community compositions in the coastal sand dune soil. We propose that the co-cultivation of host plants in a trap culture broadens AMF-host plant compatibilities and thus sustains the symbiotic association of the natively diverse AMF. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that further research is needed to confirm whether the co-culturing of more than one host plant is as efficient a strategy as using a monoculture of a single host plant.
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22
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Branco S, Schauster A, Liao HL, Ruytinx J. Mechanisms of stress tolerance and their effects on the ecology and evolution of mycorrhizal fungi. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:2158-2175. [PMID: 35713988 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Stress is ubiquitous and disrupts homeostasis, leading to damage, decreased fitness, and even death. Like other organisms, mycorrhizal fungi evolved mechanisms for stress tolerance that allow them to persist or even thrive under environmental stress. Such mechanisms can also protect their obligate plant partners, contributing to their health and survival under hostile conditions. Here we review the effects of stress and mechanisms of stress response in mycorrhizal fungi. We cover molecular and cellular aspects of stress and how stress impacts individual fitness, physiology, growth, reproduction, and interactions with plant partners, along with how some fungi evolved to tolerate hostile environmental conditions. We also address how stress and stress tolerance can lead to adaptation and have cascading effects on population- and community-level diversity. We argue that mycorrhizal fungal stress tolerance can strongly shape not only fungal and plant physiology, but also their ecology and evolution. We conclude by pointing out knowledge gaps and important future research directions required for both fully understanding stress tolerance in the mycorrhizal context and addressing ongoing environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Branco
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, 80204, USA
| | - Annie Schauster
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, 80204, USA
| | - Hui-Ling Liao
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL, 32351, USA
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Joske Ruytinx
- Research Groups Microbiology and Plant Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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23
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Edlinger A, Garland G, Hartman K, Banerjee S, Degrune F, García-Palacios P, Hallin S, Valzano-Held A, Herzog C, Jansa J, Kost E, Maestre FT, Pescador DS, Philippot L, Rillig MC, Romdhane S, Saghaï A, Spor A, Frossard E, van der Heijden MGA. Agricultural management and pesticide use reduce the functioning of beneficial plant symbionts. Nat Ecol Evol 2022; 6:1145-1154. [PMID: 35798840 PMCID: PMC7613230 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) acquisition is key for plant growth. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) help plants acquire P from soil. Understanding which factors drive AMF-supported nutrient uptake is essential to develop more sustainable agroecosystems. Here we collected soils from 150 cereal fields and 60 non-cropped grassland sites across a 3,000 km trans-European gradient. In a greenhouse experiment, we tested the ability of AMF in these soils to forage for the radioisotope 33P from a hyphal compartment. AMF communities in grassland soils were much more efficient in acquiring 33P and transferred 64% more 33P to plants compared with AMF in cropland soils. Fungicide application best explained hyphal 33P transfer in cropland soils. The use of fungicides and subsequent decline in AMF richness in croplands reduced 33P uptake by 43%. Our results suggest that land-use intensity and fungicide use are major deterrents to the functioning and natural nutrient uptake capacity of AMF in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Edlinger
- Agroscope, Division of Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil Interactions Group, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gina Garland
- Agroscope, Division of Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil Interactions Group, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kyle Hartman
- Agroscope, Division of Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil Interactions Group, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Samiran Banerjee
- Department of Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Florine Degrune
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
- Soil Science and Environment Group, Changins, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Pablo García-Palacios
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Hallin
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alain Valzano-Held
- Agroscope, Division of Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil Interactions Group, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Herzog
- Agroscope, Division of Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil Interactions Group, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Jansa
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Kost
- Agroscope, Division of Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil Interactions Group, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fernando T Maestre
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio 'Ramón Margalef', Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - David Sánchez Pescador
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laurent Philippot
- Department of Agroecology, University Bourgogne Franche Comte, INRAE, AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sana Romdhane
- Department of Agroecology, University Bourgogne Franche Comte, INRAE, AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Aurélien Saghaï
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ayme Spor
- Department of Agroecology, University Bourgogne Franche Comte, INRAE, AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuel Frossard
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Group of Plant Nutrition, Lindau, Switzerland
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Agroscope, Division of Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil Interactions Group, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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24
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Marro N, Grilli G, Soteras F, Caccia M, Longo S, Cofré N, Borda V, Burni M, Janoušková M, Urcelay C. The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species and taxonomic groups on stressed and unstressed plants: a global meta-analysis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:320-332. [PMID: 35302658 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The great majority of plants gain access to soil nutrients and enhance their performance under stressful conditions through symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The benefits that AMF confer vary among species and taxonomic groups. However, a comparative analysis of the different benefits among AMF has not yet been performed. We conducted a global meta-analysis of recent studies testing the benefits of individual AMF species and main taxonomic groups in terms of plant performance (growth and nutrition). Separately, we examined AMF benefits to plants facing biotic (pathogens, parasites, and herbivores) and abiotic (drought, salinity, and heavy metals) stress. AMF had stronger positive effects on phosphorus nutrition than on plant growth and nitrogen nutrition and the effects on the growth of plants facing biotic and abiotic stresses were similarly positive. While the AMF taxonomic groups showed positive effects on plant performance either with or without stress, Diversisporales were the most beneficial to plants without stress and Gigasporales to plants facing biotic stress. Our results provide a comprehensive analysis of the benefits of different AMF species and taxonomic groups on plant performance and useful insights for their management and use as bio-inoculants for agriculture and restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Marro
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC, 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
- Department of Mycorrhizal Symbioses, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 25243, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriel Grilli
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC, 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Florencia Soteras
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC, 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Milena Caccia
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC, 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Silvana Longo
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC, 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Noelia Cofré
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC, 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Valentina Borda
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC, 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Magali Burni
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC, 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Martina Janoušková
- Department of Mycorrhizal Symbioses, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 25243, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Carlos Urcelay
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC, 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
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25
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Weng W, Yan J, Zhou M, Yao X, Gao A, Ma C, Cheng J, Ruan J. Roles of Arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi as a Biocontrol Agent in the Control of Plant Diseases. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071266. [PMID: 35888985 PMCID: PMC9317293 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbuscularmycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a class of beneficial microorganisms that are widely distributed in soil ecosystems and can form symbionts with 80% of terrestrial higher plants, and improve the nutritional status of plants. The use of AMF as a biocontrol method to antagonize soil-borne pathogens has received increasing interest from phytopathologists and ecologists. In this paper, the mechanisms of resistance to diseases induced by AMF and the application of AMF to plant fungal, bacterial, and nematode diseases have been summarized. This study aimed to enhance the potential use of AMF as a biological control method to prevent plant diseases in the future. Root morphological alteration characteristics were explained, including the influence of AMF on root structure, function, and the regulation of AMF via secondary metabolites. AMF can improve the rhizosphere environment by influencing the physical and chemical proprieties of soil, enhancing the growth of other beneficial microorganisms, and by competing with pathogenic microorganisms. Two microorganism types may compete for the same invasive sites in root systems and regulate nutrition distribution. AMF can induce the host plant to form defense systems, including improving phytohormone concentrations, inducing signal substrate production, gene expression regulation, and enhancing protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Weng
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.); (A.G.); (C.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing in Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Schools of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China;
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Xin Yao
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.); (A.G.); (C.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Aning Gao
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.); (A.G.); (C.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.); (A.G.); (C.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Jianping Cheng
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.); (A.G.); (C.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Jingjun Ruan
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.); (A.G.); (C.M.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-8510-8830-5238
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26
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Wooliver R, Kivlin SN, Jagadamma S. Links Among Crop Diversification, Microbial Diversity, and Soil Organic Carbon: Mini Review and Case Studies. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:854247. [PMID: 35547111 PMCID: PMC9082997 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.854247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between species above- and belowground are among the top factors that govern ecosystem functioning including soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. In agroecosystems, understanding how crop diversification affects soil biodiversity and SOC storage at the local scale remains a key challenge for addressing soil degradation and biodiversity loss that plague these systems. Yet, outcomes of crop diversification for soil microbial diversity and SOC storage, which are key indicators of soil health, are not always positive but rather they are highly idiosyncratic to agroecosystems. Using five case studies, we highlight the importance of selecting ideal crop functional types (as opposed to focusing on plant diversity) when considering diversification options for maximizing SOC accumulation. Some crop functional types and crop diversification approaches are better suited for enhancing SOC at particular sites, though SOC responses to crop diversification can vary annually and with duration of crop cover. We also highlight how SOC responses to crop diversification are more easily interpretable through changes in microbial community composition (as opposed to microbial diversity). We then develop suggestions for future crop diversification experiment standardization including (1) optimizing sampling effort and sequencing depth for soil microbial communities and (2) understanding the mechanisms guiding responses of SOC functional pools with varying stability to crop diversification. We expect that these suggestions will move knowledge forward about biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in agroecosystems, and ultimately be of use to producers for optimizing soil health in their croplands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Wooliver
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Stephanie N. Kivlin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Sindhu Jagadamma
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
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27
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Albornoz FE, Ryan MH, Bending GD, Hilton S, Dickie IA, Gleeson DB, Standish RJ. Agricultural land-use favours Mucoromycotinian, but not Glomeromycotinian, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi across ten biomes. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:1369-1382. [PMID: 34618929 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Globally, agricultural land-use negatively affects soil biota that contribute to ecosystem functions such as nutrient cycling, yet arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are promoted as essential components of agroecosystems. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi include Glomeromycotinian AMF (G-AMF) and the arbuscule-producing fine root endophytes, recently re-classified into the Endogonales order within Mucoromycotina. The correct classification of Mucoromycotinian AMF (M-AMF) and the availability of new molecular tools can guide research to better the understanding of their diversity and ecology. To investigate the impact on G-AMF and M-AMF of agricultural land-use at a continental scale, we sampled DNA from paired farm and native sites across 10 Australian biomes. Glomeromycotinian AMF were present in both native and farm sites in all biomes. Putative M-AMF were favoured by farm sites, rare or absent in native sites, and almost entirely absent in tropical biomes. Temperature, rainfall, and soil pH were strong drivers of richness and community composition of both groups, and plant richness was an important mediator. Both fungal groups occupy different, but overlapping, ecological niches, with M-AMF thriving in temperate agricultural landscapes. Our findings invite exploration of the origin and spread of M-AMF and continued efforts to resolve the phylogeny of this newly reclassified group of AMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe E Albornoz
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Land and Water, Wembley, WA, 6913, Australia
- Institute of Agriculture, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley (Perth), WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Megan H Ryan
- Institute of Agriculture, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley (Perth), WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Gary D Bending
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Sally Hilton
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Ian A Dickie
- Bio-Protection Research Centre, School of Biological Science, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand
| | - Deirdre B Gleeson
- Institute of Agriculture, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley (Perth), WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Rachel J Standish
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
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28
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Unger S, Habermann FM, Schenke K, Jongen M. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Nutrition Determine the Outcome of Competition Between Lolium multiflorum and Trifolium subterraneum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:778861. [PMID: 35003164 PMCID: PMC8733683 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.778861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may affect competitive plant interactions, which are considered a prevalent force in shaping plant communities. Aiming at understanding the role of AMF in the competition between two pasture species and its dependence on soil nutritional status, a pot experiment with mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Lolium multiflorum and Trifolium subterraneum was conducted, with manipulation of species composition (five levels), and nitrogen (N)- and phosphorus (P)- fertilization (three levels). In the non-mycorrhizal state, interspecific competition did not play a major role. However, in the presence of AMF, Lolium was the strongest competitor, with this species being facilitated by Trifolium. While N-fertilization did not change the competitive balance, P-fertilization gave Lolium, a competitive advantage over Trifolium. The effect of AMF on the competitive outcome may be driven by differential C-P trade benefits, with Lolium modulating carbon investment in the mycorrhizal network and the arbuscule/vesicle ratio at the cost of Trifolium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Unger
- Department of Experimental and Systems Ecology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Franziska M. Habermann
- Department of Experimental and Systems Ecology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Katarina Schenke
- Department of Experimental and Systems Ecology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marjan Jongen
- MARETEC—Marine, Environment and Technology Centre, LARSyS, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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29
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de Faccio Carvalho PC, de Albuquerque Nunes PA, Pontes-Prates A, Szymczak LS, de Souza Filho W, Moojen FG, Lemaire G. Reconnecting Grazing Livestock to Crop Landscapes: Reversing Specialization Trends to Restore Landscape Multifunctionality. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.750765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Closely integrated crop and livestock production systems used to be the rule in agriculture before the industrial revolution. However, agricultural landscapes have undergone a massive intensification process in recent decades. This trajectory has led to uniform landscapes of specialized cropping systems or consolidated zones of intensive livestock production. Loss of diversity is at the core of increasing side effects on the environment from agriculture. The unintended consequences of specialization demand the reconciliation of food production with environmental quality. We argue that the reconnection of grazing livestock to specialized crop landscapes can restore decoupled biogeochemical cycles and reintroduce the necessary complexity to restore ecosystem functioning. Besides, the reconnection of crops and livestock promotes several ecosystem services underlying multifunctionality. We focus on the capacity of integrated crop-livestock systems to create biophysical and socioeconomic resilience that cope with weather and market oscillations. We present examples of redesigned landscapes that leverage grazing animals to optimize food production per unit of land while mitigating the externalities of specialized agriculture. We also debate mindset barriers to the shift of current specialization trends toward the design of multifunctional landscapes.
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