1
|
Addison SL, Rúa MA, Smaill SJ, Singh BK, Wakelin SA. Partner or perish: tree microbiomes and climate change. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 29:1029-1040. [PMID: 38641475 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the complex relationships between plants, their microbiomes, and environmental changes is crucial for improving growth and survival, especially for long-lived tree species. Trees, like other plants, maintain close associations with a multitude of microorganisms on and within their tissues, forming a 'holobiont'. However, a comprehensive framework for detailed tree-microbiome dynamics, and the implications for climate adaptation, is currently lacking. This review identifies gaps in the existing literature, emphasizing the need for more research to explore the coevolution of the holobiont and the full extent of climate change impact on tree growth and survival. Advancing our knowledge of plant-microbial interactions presents opportunities to enhance tree adaptability and mitigate adverse impacts of climate changes on trees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S L Addison
- Scion, Rotorua 3010, New Zealand; Western Sydney University, Richmond, New South Wales 2753, Australia.
| | - M A Rúa
- Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435-0001, USA
| | | | - B K Singh
- Western Sydney University, Richmond, New South Wales 2753, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bhardwaj AK, Chandra KK, Kumar R. Inoculants of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Influence Growth and Biomass of Terminalia arjuna under Amendment and Anamendment Entisol. MYCOBIOLOGY 2024; 52:183-190. [PMID: 38948452 PMCID: PMC11210415 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2024.2360750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Entisol soil is hard and compact in nature, rendering it high in bulk density, which influences root penetration adversely and thereby poor plant growth. In this experiment, used seven treatments in different combination in normal soil, were used as growth media for the Terminalia arjuna seedling. T3 (60% entisol) found the best as it gave the highest biomass in the species regardless of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) treatment. AMF treatment enhanced the growth and biomass of plants significantly in all the given treatments. AMF colonization observed a maximum in tertiary roots. T1 (100% entisol soil) exhibited the highest degree of AMF colonization in tertiary roots, resulting in the highest mycorrhiza dependency of plants for this soil. The addition of normal soil to entisol soil was found to decrease the bulk density, resulting in increased root diameter, and T3 plants exhibited the highest biomass and AMF compatibility for T. arjuna species. The T. arjuna plant's growth and biomass responded positively to AMF in all types of treatments. The plant's growth and biomass were highest in the T3 treatment, which had a bulk density of 1.50 g/cm3. In this study, we combined the entisol with mycorrhizal inoculation of the nursery growing medium to promote plant growth and biomass, improve the plant's ability to hold water and absorb nutrients, and lower the entisol's bulk density. The T. arjuna (Roxb) plant responds very favorably to mycorrhiza inoculation in nursery conditions with the entisol growth medium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar Bhardwaj
- Department of Forestry, Wildlife & Environmental Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, India
| | - K. K. Chandra
- Department of Forestry, Wildlife & Environmental Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Forestry, Wildlife & Environmental Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jörgensen K, Clemmensen KE, Wallander H, Lindahl BD. Ectomycorrhizal fungi are more sensitive to high soil nitrogen levels in forests exposed to nitrogen deposition. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:1725-1738. [PMID: 38213001 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal fungi are essential for nitrogen (N) cycling in many temperate forests and responsive to anthropogenic N addition, which generally decreases host carbon (C) allocation to the fungi. In the boreal region, however, ectomycorrhizal fungal biomass has been found to correlate positively with soil N availability. Still, responses to anthropogenic N input, for instance through atmospheric deposition, are commonly negative. To elucidate whether variation in N supply affects ectomycorrhizal fungi differently depending on geographical context, we investigated ectomycorrhizal fungal communities along fertility gradients located in two nemo-boreal forest regions with similar ranges in soil N : C ratios and inorganic N availability but contrasting rates of N deposition. Ectomycorrhizal biomass and community composition remained relatively stable across the N gradient with low atmospheric N deposition, but biomass decreased and the community changed more drastically with increasing N availability in the gradient subjected to higher rates of N deposition. Moreover, potential activities of enzymes involved in ectomycorrhizal mobilisation of organic N decreased as N availability increased. In forests with low external input, we propose that stabilising feedbacks in tree-fungal interactions maintain ectomycorrhizal fungal biomass and communities even in N-rich soils. By contrast, anthropogenic N input seems to impair ectomycorrhizal functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Jörgensen
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7014, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karina E Clemmensen
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7026, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Håkan Wallander
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 26, Lund, Sweden
| | - Björn D Lindahl
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7014, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
McPolin MC, Kranabetter JM, Philpott TJ, Hawkins BJ. Sporocarp nutrition of ectomycorrhizal fungi indicates an important role for endemic species in a high productivity temperate rainforest. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:1603-1613. [PMID: 37771241 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Endemic species of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) are found throughout many biomes, but it is unclear whether their localized distribution is dictated by habitat filtering or geographical barriers to dispersal. We examined community composition (via long-read metabarcoding) and differences in sporocarp nutrition between endemic and cosmopolitan EMF species across perhumid temperate rainforests of British Columbia, characterized by soils with high nitrogen (N) supply alongside low phosphorus (P) and cation availability. Endemic EMF species, representing almost half of the community, had significantly greater sporocarp N (24% higher), potassium (+16%), and magnesium (+17%) concentrations than cosmopolitan species. Sporocarp P concentrations were comparatively low and did not differ by fungal range. However, sporocarp N% and P% were well correlated, supporting evidence for linkages in N and P acquisition. Endemics were more likely to occur on Tsuga heterophylla (a disjunct host genus) than Picea sitchensis (a circumpolar genus). The Inocybaceae and Thelephoraceae families had high proportions of endemic taxa, while species in Cortinariaceae were largely cosmopolitan, indicating some niche conservatism among genera. We conclude that superior adaptive traits in relation to perhumid soils were skewed toward the endemic community, underscoring the potentially important contribution of these localized fungi to rainforest nutrition and productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Claire McPolin
- Centre for Forest Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3020, STN CSC, Victoria, BC, V8W 3N5, Canada
| | - J Marty Kranabetter
- British Columbia Ministry of Forests, PO Box 9536, Stn Prov Govt, Victoria, BC, V8W 9C4, Canada
| | - Tim J Philpott
- British Columbia Ministry of Forests, 200-640 Borland St., Williams Lake, BC, V2G 4T1, Canada
| | - Barbara J Hawkins
- Centre for Forest Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3020, STN CSC, Victoria, BC, V8W 3N5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guo L, Deng M, Li X, Schmid B, Huang J, Wu Y, Peng Z, Yang L, Liu L. Evolutionary and ecological forces shape nutrient strategies of mycorrhizal woody plants. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14330. [PMID: 37866881 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The associations of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) or ectomycorrhiza (EcM) fungi with plants have sequentially evolved and significantly contributed to enhancing plant nutrition. Nonetheless, how evolutionary and ecological forces drive nutrient acquisition strategies of AM and EcM woody plants remains poorly understood. Our global analysis of woody species revealed that, over divergence time, AM woody plants evolved faster nitrogen mineralization rates without changes in nitrogen resorption. However, EcM woody plants exhibited an increase in nitrogen mineralization but a decrease in nitrogen resorption, indicating a shift towards a more inorganic nutrient economy. Despite this alteration, when evaluating present-day woody species, AM woody plants still display faster nitrogen mineralization and lower nitrogen resorption than EcM woody plants. This inorganic nutrient economy allows AM woody plants to thrive in warm environments with a faster litter decomposition rate. Our findings indicate that the global pattern of nutrient acquisition strategies in mycorrhizal plants is shaped by the interplay between phylogeny and climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meifeng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefei Li
- Faculty of Science, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bernhard Schmid
- Department of Geography, Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Junsheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
| | - Yuntao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li L, Lin Q, Nijs I, De Boeck H, Beemster GTS, Asard H, Verbruggen E. More persistent weather causes a pronounced soil microbial legacy but does not impact subsequent plant communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166570. [PMID: 37633385 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
A soil history of exposure to extreme weather may impact future plant growth and microbial community assembly. Currently, little is known about whether and how previous precipitation regime (PR)-induced changes in soil microbial communities influence plant and soil microbial community responses to a subsequent PR. We exposed grassland mesocosms to either an ambient PR (1 day wet-dry alternation) or a persistent PR (30 days consecutive wet-dry alternation) for one year. This conditioned soil was then inoculated as a 10 % fraction into 90 % sterilized "native" soil, after which new plant communities were established and subjected to either the ambient or persistent PR for 60 days. We assessed whether past persistent weather-induced changes in soil microbial community composition affect soil microbial and plant community responses to subsequent weather persistence. The historical regimes caused enduring effects on fungal communities and only temporary effects on bacterial communities, but did not trigger soil microbial legacy effects on plant productivity when exposed to either current PR. This study provides experimental evidence for soil legacy of climate persistence on grassland ecosystems in response to subsequent climate persistence, helping to understand and predict the influences of future climate change on soil biota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingjuan Li
- Research Group of Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Qiang Lin
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ivan Nijs
- Research Group of Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Hans De Boeck
- Research Group of Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Gerrit T S Beemster
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Han Asard
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Erik Verbruggen
- Research Group of Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Castaño C, Hallin S, Egelkraut D, Lindahl BD, Olofsson J, Clemmensen KE. Contrasting plant-soil-microbial feedbacks stabilize vegetation types and uncouple topsoil C and N stocks across a subarctic-alpine landscape. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:2621-2633. [PMID: 36519258 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Global vegetation regimes vary in belowground carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics. However, disentangling large-scale climatic controls from the effects of intrinsic plant-soil-microbial feedbacks on belowground processes is challenging. In local gradients with similar pedo-climatic conditions, effects of plant-microbial feedbacks may be isolated from large-scale drivers. Across a subarctic-alpine mosaic of historic grazing fields and surrounding heath and birch forest, we evaluated whether vegetation-specific plant-microbial feedbacks involved contrasting N cycling characteristics and C and N stocks in the organic topsoil. We sequenced soil fungi, quantified functional genes within the inorganic N cycle, and measured 15 N natural abundance. In grassland soils, large N stocks and low C : N ratios associated with fungal saprotrophs, archaeal ammonia oxidizers, and bacteria capable of respiratory ammonification, indicating maintained inorganic N cycling a century after abandoned reindeer grazing. Toward forest and heath, increasing abundance of mycorrhizal fungi co-occurred with transition to organic N cycling. However, ectomycorrhizal fungal decomposers correlated with small soil N and C stocks in forest, while root-associated ascomycetes associated with small N but large C stocks in heath, uncoupling C and N storage across vegetation types. We propose that contrasting, positive plant-microbial feedbacks stabilize vegetation trajectories, resulting in diverging soil C : N ratios at the landscape scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carles Castaño
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Hallin
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dagmar Egelkraut
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, 5006, Bergen, Norway
| | - Björn D Lindahl
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, SE-75007, Sweden
| | - Johan Olofsson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karina Engelbrecht Clemmensen
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu H, Yang J, Fu W, Rillig MC, Cao Z, Zhao A, Hao Z, Zhang X, Chen B, Han X. Identifying thresholds of nitrogen enrichment for substantial shifts in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community metrics in a temperate grassland of northern China. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:279-294. [PMID: 36177721 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) enrichment poses threats to biodiversity and ecosystem stability, while arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play important roles in ecosystem stability and functioning. However, the ecological impacts, especially thresholds of N enrichment potentially causing AM fungal community shifts have not been adequately characterized. Based on a long-term field experiment with nine N addition levels ranging from 0 to 50 g N m-2 yr-1 in a temperate grassland, we characterized the community response patterns of AM fungi to N enrichment. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal biomass continuously decreased with increasing N addition levels. However, AM fungal diversity did not significantly change below 20 g N m-2 yr-1 , but dramatically decreased at higher N levels, which drove the AM fungal community to a potentially unstable state. Structural equation modeling showed that the decline in AM fungal biomass could be well explained by soil acidification, whereas key driving factors for AM fungal diversity shifted from soil nitrogen : phosphorus (N : P) ratio to soil pH with increasing N levels. Different aspects of AM fungal communities (biomass, diversity and community composition) respond differently to increasing N addition levels. Thresholds for substantial community shifts in response to N enrichment in this grassland ecosystem are identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Wei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Zhenjiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Aihua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Zhipeng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Baodong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xingguo Han
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Weemstra M, Kuyper TW, Sterck FJ, Umaña MN. Incorporating belowground traits: avenues towards a whole‐tree perspective on performance. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monique Weemstra
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Thomas W. Kuyper
- Soil Biology Group, Wageningen Univ. and Research Centre Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - Frank J. Sterck
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen Univ. and Research Centre Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - María Natalia Umaña
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kowal J, Arrigoni E, Jarvis S, Zappala S, Forbes E, Bidartondo MI, Suz LM. Atmospheric pollution, soil nutrients and climate effects on Mucoromycota arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:3390-3404. [PMID: 35641308 PMCID: PMC9544493 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fine root endophyte mycorrhizal fungi in the Endogonales (Mucoromycota arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, M‐AMF) are now recognized as at least as important globally as Glomeromycota AMF (G‐AMF), yet little is known about the environmental factors which influence M‐AMF diversity and colonization, partly because they typically only co‐colonize plants with G‐AMF. Wild populations of Lycopodiella inundata predominantly form mycorrhizas with M‐AMF and therefore allow focussed study of M‐AMF environmental drivers. Using microscopic examination and DNA sequencing we measured M‐AMF colonization and diversity over three consecutive seasons and modelled interactions between these response variables and environmental data. Significant relationships were found between M‐AMF colonization and soil S, P, C:N ratio, electrical conductivity, and the previously overlooked micronutrient Mn. Estimated N deposition was negatively related to M‐AMF colonization. Thirty‐nine Endogonales Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were identified in L. inundata roots, a greater diversity than previously recognized in this plant. Endogonales OTU richness correlated negatively with soil C:N while community composition was mostly influenced by soil P. This study provides first evidence that M‐AMF have distinct ecological preferences in response to edaphic variables also related to air pollution. Future studies require site‐level atmospheric pollution monitoring to guide critical load policy for mycorrhizal fungi in heathlands and grasslands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Kowal
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK
| | - E Arrigoni
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK
| | - S Jarvis
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster, UK
| | - S Zappala
- Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough, UK
| | - E Forbes
- Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough, UK
| | - M I Bidartondo
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK.,Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - L M Suz
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Anthony MA, Crowther TW, van der Linde S, Suz LM, Bidartondo MI, Cox F, Schaub M, Rautio P, Ferretti M, Vesterdal L, De Vos B, Dettwiler M, Eickenscheidt N, Schmitz A, Meesenburg H, Andreae H, Jacob F, Dietrich HP, Waldner P, Gessler A, Frey B, Schramm O, van den Bulk P, Hensen A, Averill C. Forest tree growth is linked to mycorrhizal fungal composition and function across Europe. THE ISME JOURNAL 2022; 16:1327-1336. [PMID: 35001085 PMCID: PMC9038731 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-021-01159-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Most trees form symbioses with ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) which influence access to growth-limiting soil resources. Mesocosm experiments repeatedly show that EMF species differentially affect plant development, yet whether these effects ripple up to influence the growth of entire forests remains unknown. Here we tested the effects of EMF composition and functional genes relative to variation in well-known drivers of tree growth by combining paired molecular EMF surveys with high-resolution forest inventory data across 15 European countries. We show that EMF composition was linked to a three-fold difference in tree growth rate even when controlling for the primary abiotic drivers of tree growth. Fast tree growth was associated with EMF communities harboring high inorganic but low organic nitrogen acquisition gene proportions and EMF which form contact versus medium-distance fringe exploration types. These findings suggest that EMF composition is a strong bio-indicator of underlying drivers of tree growth and/or that variation of forest EMF communities causes differences in tree growth. While it may be too early to assign causality or directionality, our study is one of the first to link fine-scale variation within a key component of the forest microbiome to ecosystem functioning at a continental scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Anthony
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas W Crowther
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sietse van der Linde
- Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, National Reference Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martin I Bidartondo
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, TW9 3DS, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Filipa Cox
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Marcus Schaub
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Pasi Rautio
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Marco Ferretti
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Lars Vesterdal
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Bruno De Vos
- Environment & Climate Unit, Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Geraardsbergen, Belgium
| | - Mike Dettwiler
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Eickenscheidt
- State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection of North Rhine-Westphalia, 45657, Recklinghausen, Germany
| | - Andreas Schmitz
- State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection of North Rhine-Westphalia, 45657, Recklinghausen, Germany
- Thuenen Institut of Forest Ecosystems, 16225, Eberswalde, Germany
| | | | | | - Frank Jacob
- Sachsenforst State Forest, 01796, Pirna OT Graupa, Germany
| | | | - Peter Waldner
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Arthur Gessler
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Beat Frey
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Schramm
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Pim van den Bulk
- The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research at Petten, 1755LE, Petten, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan Hensen
- The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research at Petten, 1755LE, Petten, The Netherlands
| | - Colin Averill
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jörgensen K, Granath G, Strengbom J, Lindahl BD. Links between boreal forest management, soil fungal communities and below‐ground carbon sequestration. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Jörgensen
- Department of Soil and Environment Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Gustaf Granath
- Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Joachim Strengbom
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Björn D. Lindahl
- Department of Soil and Environment Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| |
Collapse
|