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Yuan R, Wan X, Bao L, Long T, Li H, Zhou Y, Liu L, Shi P, Gong R, Jiang H. Tolerogenic dendritic cells alleviate collagen-induced arthritis by regulating T-cell differentiation and inhibiting NLRP3-mediated apoptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111764. [PMID: 38452413 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) have emerged as a potential treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the detailed mechanism requires further investigation. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of tolDCs on T-cell differentiation and NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model. METHODS TolDCs were induced using NF-κB ODN decoy. The efficacy of tolDCs intervention in alleviating arthritis symptoms was evaluated in CIA rats. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze CD4+ T-cell subpopulations, while scanning electron microscopy was utilized to observe pyroptosis morphology. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins. RESULTS TolDCs intervention significantly reduced joint inflammation and damage in CIA rats. Moreover, it successfully restored the balance of Th1/Th2 cells as well as the balance of Treg/Th17 cells. Furthermore, tolDCs intervention effectively suppressed NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in the synovium, decreasing the release of IL-1β and IL-18. CONCLUSION Our findings underscore the efficacy of tolDCs in attenuating CIA progression through modulation of CD4+ T-cell subpopulations and inhibition of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yuan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Center for Clinical Laboratories, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiufang Wan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Center for Clinical Laboratories, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lunmin Bao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, People' Hospital of Anshun City, Anshun, China
| | - Tiaoyu Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Honghong Li
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lian Liu
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ping Shi
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hongmei Jiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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2
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Wan X, Bao L, Ma G, Long T, Li H, Zhang Y, Jiang H. Tolerogenic dendritic cells alleviate collagen-induced arthritis by forming microchimerism and affecting the expression of immune checkpoint molecules. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:1980-1992. [PMID: 36213961 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) have the potential to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by inducing immune tolerance. However, the mechanism of intervention needs further study. Here, we investigated whether tolDCs formed microchimerism and their effect on the expression of immune checkpoint molecules after infusion of tolDCs into rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). TolDCs derived from male SD rats were labeled with fluorescence and infused into female CIA rats. The fluorescence signals as well as the sex-determining region of Y-chromosome (SRY) gene revealed that tolDCs formed microchimerism in the mesenteric lymph nodes and ankle joints. We further explored the effect of tolDCs on the expression of immune checkpoint molecules in mesenteric lymph nodes and ankle joints. For stimulatory immune checkpoint molecules, the expressions of CD86 and CD40 decreased in mesenteric lymph nodes, and the expressions of CD40, CD40L, CD28, CD80, and CD86 also decreased in rat ankle joints. In contrast, the inhibitory immune checkpoint molecule PDL1 increased in mesenteric lymph nodes, and PD1, PDL1, and CTLA4 increased in ankle joints. In conclusion, our results suggested that intervention of tolDCs in CIA is associated with the formation of microchimerism and the effect on immune checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Wan
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lunmin Bao
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, People' Hospital of Anshun City, Anshun, China
| | - Guilan Ma
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guiyang Second people's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Tiaoyu Long
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Honghong Li
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yundong Zhang
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, People' Hospital of Anshun City, Anshun, China
| | - Hongmei Jiang
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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3
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Katopodi T, Petanidis S, Charalampidis C, Chatziprodromidou I, Eskitzis P, Tsavlis D, Zarogoulidis P, Kosmidis C, Matthaios D, Porpodis K. Tumor-Infiltrating Dendritic Cells: Decisive Roles in Cancer Immunosurveillance, Immunoediting, and Tumor T Cell Tolerance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203183. [PMID: 36291050 PMCID: PMC9600942 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays a key role in progression of tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. Accumulating data reveal that dendritic cells (DCs) appear to play a key role in the development and progression of metastatic neoplasia by driving immune system dysfunction and establishing immunosuppression, which is vital for tumor evasion of host immune response. Consequently, in this review, we will discuss the function of tumor-infiltrating DCs in immune cell signaling pathways that lead to treatment resistance, tumor recurrence, and immunosuppression. We will also review DC metabolism, differentiation, and plasticity, which are essential for metastasis and the development of lung tumors. Furthermore, we will take into account the interaction between myeloid cells and DCs in tumor-related immunosuppression. We will specifically look into the molecular immune-related mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment that result in reduced drug sensitivity and tumor relapse, as well as methods for combating drug resistance and focusing on immunosuppressive tumor networks. DCs play a crucial role in modulating the immune response. Especially, as cancer progresses, DCs may switch from playing an immunostimulatory to an inhibitory role. This article’s main emphasis is on tumor-infiltrating DCs. We address how they affect tumor growth and expansion, and we highlight innovative approaches for therapeutic modulation of these immunosuppressive DCs which is necessary for future personalized therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Katopodi
- Laboratory of Medical Biology and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Savvas Petanidis
- Laboratory of Medical Biology and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2310-999-205; Fax: +30-2310-999-208
| | | | | | - Panagiotis Eskitzis
- Department of Obstetrics, University of Western Macedonia, 50100 Kozani, Greece
| | - Drosos Tsavlis
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- Third Department of Surgery, “AHEPA” University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christoforos Kosmidis
- Third Department of Surgery, “AHEPA” University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55236 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Konstantinos Porpodis
- Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, “G.Papanikolaou” General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
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4
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Jie J, Liu G, Feng J, Huo D, Wu Y, Yuan H, Tai G, Ni W. MF59 Promoted the Combination of CpG ODN1826 and MUC1-MBP Vaccine-Induced Antitumor Activity Involved in the Enhancement of DC Maturation by Prolonging the Local Retention Time of Antigen and Down-Regulating of IL-6/STAT3. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810887. [PMID: 36142800 PMCID: PMC9501507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study found that CpG oligodeoxynucleotides 1826 (CpG 1826), combined with mucin 1 (MUC1)-maltose-binding protein (MBP) (M-M), had certain antitumor activity. However, this combination is less than ideal for tumor suppression (tumors vary in size and vary widely among individuals), with a drawback being that CpG 1826 is unstable. To solve these problems, here, we evaluate MF59/CpG 1826 as a compound adjuvant with M-M vaccine on immune response, tumor suppression and survival. The results showed that MF59 could promote the CpG 1826/M-M vaccine-induced tumor growth inhibition and a Th1-prone cellular immune response, as well as reduce the individual differences of tumor growth and prolonged prophylactic and therapeutic mouse survival. Further research showed that MF59 promotes the maturation of DCs stimulated by CpG1826/M-M, resulting in Th1 polarization. The possible mechanism is speculated to be that MF59 could significantly prolong the retention time of CpG 1826, or the combination of CpG 1826 and M-M, as well as downregulate IL-6/STAT3 involved in MF59 combined CpG 1826-induced dendritic cell maturation. This study clarifies the utility of MF59/CpG 1826 as a vaccine compound adjuvant, laying the theoretical basis for the development of a novel M-M vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Weihua Ni
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0431-8561-5197
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5
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Lee H, Da Silva IP, Palendira U, Scolyer RA, Long GV, Wilmott JS. Targeting NK Cells to Enhance Melanoma Response to Immunotherapies. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061363. [PMID: 33802954 PMCID: PMC8002669 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are a key component of an innate immune system. They are important not only in initiating, but also in augmenting adaptive immune responses. NK cell activation is mediated by a carefully orchestrated balance between the signals from inhibitory and activating NK cell receptors. NK cells are potent producers of proinflammatory cytokines and are also able to elicit strong antitumor responses through secretion of perforin and granzyme B. Tumors can develop many mechanisms to evade NK cell antitumor responses, such as upregulating ligands for inhibitory receptors, secreting anti-inflammatory cytokines and recruiting immunosuppressive cells. Enhancing NK cell responses will likely augment the effectiveness of immunotherapies, and strategies to accomplish this are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. A comprehensive understanding of NK cell biology will likely provide additional opportunities to further leverage the antitumor effects of NK cells. In this review, we therefore sought to highlight NK cell biology, tumor evasion of NK cells and clinical trials that target NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansol Lee
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; (H.L.); (I.P.D.S.); (U.P.); (R.A.S.); (J.S.W.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Inês Pires Da Silva
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; (H.L.); (I.P.D.S.); (U.P.); (R.A.S.); (J.S.W.)
| | - Umaimainthan Palendira
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; (H.L.); (I.P.D.S.); (U.P.); (R.A.S.); (J.S.W.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, The Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Richard A. Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; (H.L.); (I.P.D.S.); (U.P.); (R.A.S.); (J.S.W.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and NSW Health Pathology, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Georgina V. Long
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; (H.L.); (I.P.D.S.); (U.P.); (R.A.S.); (J.S.W.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Mater Hospital, Sydney 2065, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-9911-7336
| | - James S. Wilmott
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; (H.L.); (I.P.D.S.); (U.P.); (R.A.S.); (J.S.W.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
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6
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Cordeiro B, Jeon P, Boukhaled GM, Corrado M, Lapohos O, Roy DG, Williams K, Jones RG, Gruenheid S, Sagan SM, Krawczyk CM. MicroRNA-9 Fine-Tunes Dendritic Cell Function by Suppressing Negative Regulators in a Cell-Type-Specific Manner. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107585. [PMID: 32375032 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells, cells of the innate immune system, are found in a steady state poised to respond to activating stimuli. Once stimulated, they rapidly undergo dynamic changes in gene expression to adopt an activated phenotype capable of stimulating immune responses. We find that the microRNA miR-9 is upregulated in both bone marrow-derived DCs and conventional DC1s but not in conventional DC2s following stimulation. miR-9 expression in BMDCs and conventional DC1s promotes enhanced DC activation and function, including the ability to stimulate T cell activation and control tumor growth. We find that miR-9 regulated the expression of several negative regulators of transcription, including the transcriptional repressor Polycomb group factor 6 (Pcgf6). These findings demonstrate that miR-9 facilitates the transition of DCs from steady state to mature state by regulating the expression of several negative regulators of DC function in a cell-type-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Cordeiro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Peter Jeon
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Giselle M Boukhaled
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Mario Corrado
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Orsolya Lapohos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Dominic G Roy
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Kelsey Williams
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming Group, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Avenue NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Russell G Jones
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada; Metabolic and Nutritional Programming Group, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Avenue NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Samantha Gruenheid
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Selena M Sagan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Connie M Krawczyk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada; Goodman Cancer Research Center, Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada; Metabolic and Nutritional Programming Group, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Avenue NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.
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7
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STAT3 Activation in Combination with NF-KappaB Inhibition Induces Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with High Therapeutic Potential to Attenuate Collagen-Induced Arthritis. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:1982570. [PMID: 31355296 PMCID: PMC6636450 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1982570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) have the ability to induce tolerance or inflammation in response to self-antigens, which makes them fundamental players in autoimmunity. In this regard, immunogenic DCs produce IL-12 and IL-23 favouring the acquisition of Th1 and Th17 inflammatory phenotypes, respectively, by autoreactive CD4+ T-cells, thus promoting autoimmunity. Conversely, tolerogenic DCs produce IL-10 and TGF-β, inducing the generation of CD4+ T-cells with suppressive activity (Treg), which promote tolerance to self-constituents. Previous studies have shown that STAT3 signalling in DCs attenuates the production of proinflammatory cytokines, whilst NF-κB activation promotes it. In this study, we aimed to generate DCs displaying strong and constitutive tolerogenic profile to be used as immunotherapy in autoimmunity. To this end, we transduced bone marrow-derived DCs with lentiviral particles codifying for a constitutively active version of STAT3 (constitutively active STAT3 (STAT3ca)) or with a constitutive repressor of NF-κB (IκBα superrepressor (IκBαSR)), and their therapeutic potential was evaluated in a mouse model of arthritis induced by collagen (CIA). Our results show that STAT3ca transduction favoured the production of the anti-inflammatory mediator IL-10, whereas IκBαSR transduction attenuated the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-23 in DCs. Moreover, both STAT3ca-transduced and IκBαSR-transduced DCs separately exerted a mild but significant therapeutic effect reducing the severity of CIA development. Furthermore, when DCs were transduced with both STAT3ca and IκBαSR together, they reduced CIA manifestation significantly stronger than when transduced with only STAT3ca or IκBαSR separately. These results show STAT3 and NF-κB as two important and complementary regulators of the tolerogenic behaviour of DCs, which should be considered as molecular targets in the design of DC-based suppressive immunotherapies for the treatment of autoimmune disorders.
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8
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Patente TA, Pinho MP, Oliveira AA, Evangelista GCM, Bergami-Santos PC, Barbuto JAM. Human Dendritic Cells: Their Heterogeneity and Clinical Application Potential in Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3176. [PMID: 30719026 PMCID: PMC6348254 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen presenting cells, uniquely able to induce naïve T cell activation and effector differentiation. They are, likewise, involved in the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance in homeostatic conditions. Their phenotypic and functional heterogeneity points to their great plasticity and ability to modulate, according to their microenvironment, the acquired immune response and, at the same time, makes their precise classification complex and frequently subject to reviews and improvement. This review will present general aspects of the DC physiology and classification and will address their potential and actual uses in the management of human disease, more specifically cancer, as therapeutic and monitoring tools. New combination treatments with the participation of DC will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago A Patente
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Pinho
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline A Oliveira
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela C M Evangelista
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia C Bergami-Santos
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José A M Barbuto
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Discipline of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Effects of Jaw Periosteal Cells on Dendritic Cell Maturation. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7100312. [PMID: 30274241 PMCID: PMC6210277 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7100312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical application of tissue engineering products requires the exclusion of immune responses after implantation. We used jaw periosteal cells (JPCs) as a suitable stem cell source and analyzed herein the effects of JPCs on dendritic cell maturation after co-culturing of both cell types. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were differentiated to dendritic cells (DCs) by the addition of differentiation cocktails for 7 days in co-culture with undifferentiated and osteogenically induced JPCs. The effects of JPCs on DC maturation were analyzed at the beginning (day 7), in the middle (day 14), and at the end (day 21) of the osteogenesis process. We detected significantly lower DC numbers after co-culturing with JPCs that have previously been left untreated or osteogenically differentiated for 7, 14, and 21 days. Using gene expression analyses, significantly lower IL-12p35 and -p40 and pro-inflammatory cytokine (IFN-γ and TNF-α) levels were detected, whereas IL-8 mRNA levels were significantly higher in DCs. Furthermore, osteogenic media conditions enhanced significantly IL-10 gene expression. We concluded that undifferentiated and osteogenically differentiated JPCs had an overall inhibiting influence on dendritic cell maturation. Further studies should clarify the underlaying mechanism in depth.
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10
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Song X, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Song W, Shi L. Hypoxia enhances indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase production in dendritic cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:11572-11580. [PMID: 29545920 PMCID: PMC5837754 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-associated metabolic reprogramming modulates the biological functions of many immune and non-immune cells, and affects immune response types and intensities. Adenosine and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) are known immunosuppressors, and adenosine is a hypoxia-associated product. We investigated the impact of hypoxia on IDO production in dendritic cells (DCs). We found that hypoxia (1% O2) enhances IDO production in DCs, and this increase was dependent on the adenosine A3 receptor (A3R), but not A2aR or A2bR. A3R blockade during hypoxia inhibited IDO production in DCs, while A2bR blockade further enhanced IDO production. Activating A2aR had no effect on IDO production. Hypoxia (1% O2) upregulated CD86, CD274, HLA-DR, and CD54, and downregulated CD40 and CD83 in DCs as compared to normoxia (21% O2). IDO inhibition in hypoxia-conditioned DCs reversed MHC-II, CD86, CD54, and CD274 upregulation, but further downregulated CD40 and CD83. Our findings offer guidance for pharmacological administration of adenosine receptor agonists or antagonists with the goal of achieving immune tolerance or controlling insulin resistance and other metabolic disorders via IDO modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Song
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.,Comprehensive Ward, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Comprehensive Ward, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Wengang Song
- Institute of Immunology, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Lixin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
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11
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Audiger C, Rahman MJ, Yun TJ, Tarbell KV, Lesage S. The Importance of Dendritic Cells in Maintaining Immune Tolerance. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:2223-2231. [PMID: 28264998 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Immune tolerance is necessary to prevent the immune system from reacting against self, and thus to avoid the development of autoimmune diseases. In this review, we discuss key findings that position dendritic cells (DCs) as critical modulators of both thymic and peripheral immune tolerance. Although DCs are important for inducing both immunity and tolerance, increased autoimmunity associated with decreased DCs suggests their nonredundant role in tolerance induction. DC-mediated T cell immune tolerance is an active process that is influenced by genetic variants, environmental signals, as well as the nature of the specific DC subset presenting Ag to T cells. Answering the many open questions with regard to the role of DCs in immune tolerance could lead to the development of novel therapies for the prevention of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Audiger
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - M Jubayer Rahman
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Tae Jin Yun
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada; and.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Kristin V Tarbell
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Sylvie Lesage
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada; .,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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12
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Wu H, Lo Y, Chan A, Law KS, Mok MY. Rel B-modified dendritic cells possess tolerogenic phenotype and functions on lupus splenic lymphocytes in vitro. Immunology 2017; 149:48-61. [PMID: 27278094 PMCID: PMC4981611 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by high morbidity and mortality and its treatment remains challenging. Dendritic cells (DCs) have been shown to participate in the initiation and perpetuation of lupus pathogenesis and the DCs that can induce tolerogenicity appear as potential cell‐based therapy in this condition. In this study, we examined the in vitro tolerogenic properties of bone‐marrow derived DCs (BMDCs) in the murine lupus setting. We used lentiviral transduction of RelB‐silencing short hairpin RNA to modify the expression of RelB, a key transcription factor regulating DC maturation, in BMDCs from MRL/MpJ mice. Tolerogenic properties of RelB‐modified DCs were compared with scrambled control (SC) ‐modified DCs. RelB expression was found to be significantly reduced in RelB‐modified DCs derived from MRL/MpJ mice, wild‐type of the same genetic background as MRL/lpr lupus‐prone mice. These MRL/MpJ RelB‐modified DCs displayed semi‐mature phenotype with expression of lower levels of co‐stimulatory molecules compared with SC‐modified DCs. RelB‐modified DCs were found to be low producers of interleukin‐12p70 (IL‐12p70) and could induce hyporesponsiveness of splenic T cells from MRL/MpJ and MRL/lpr mice. Furthermore, they down‐regulated interferon‐γ expression and induced IL‐10‐producing T cells in MRL/MpJ splenocytes, and attenuated interferon‐γ and IL‐17 expression in MRL/lpr splenic CD4+ lymphocytes. Splenocytes primed by RelB‐modified DCs demonstrated antigen‐specific suppressive effects on allogeneic splenocytes. In conclusion, RelB‐silencing in DCs generates DCs of tolerogenic properties with immunomodulatory function and appears as potential option of cell‐targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijing Wu
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yi Lo
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Albert Chan
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ka Sin Law
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Mo Yin Mok
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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13
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Gai L, Liu H, Cui JH, Yu W, Ding XD. The allele combinations of three loci based on, liver, stomach cancers, hematencephalon, COPD and normal population: A preliminary study. Gene 2017; 605:123-130. [PMID: 28042088 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the specific allele combinations of three loci connected with the liver cancers, stomach cancers, hematencephalon and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to explore the feasibility of the research methods. We explored different mathematical methods for statistical analyses to assess the association between the genotype and phenotype. At the same time we still analyses the statistical results of allele combinations of three loci by difference value method and ratio method. All the DNA blood samples were collected from patients with 50 liver cancers, 75 stomach cancers, 50 hematencephalon, 72 COPD and 200 normal populations. All the samples were from Chinese. Alleles from short tandem repeat (STR) loci were determined using the STR Profiler plus PCR amplification kit (15 STR loci). Previous research was based on combinations of single-locus alleles, and combinations of cross-loci (two loci) alleles. Allele combinations of three loci were obtained by computer counting and stronger genetic signal was obtained. The methods of allele combinations of three loci can help to identify the statistically significant differences of allele combinations between liver cancers, stomach cancers, patients with hematencephalon, COPD and the normal population. The probability of illness followed different rules and had apparent specificity. This method can be extended to other diseases and provide reference for early clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Gai
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Jing-Hui Cui
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Weijian Yu
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Ding
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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The Transcriptional Repressor Polycomb Group Factor 6, PCGF6, Negatively Regulates Dendritic Cell Activation and Promotes Quiescence. Cell Rep 2016; 16:1829-37. [PMID: 27498878 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory signals provided by the microenvironment are critical to activate dendritic cells (DCs), components of the innate immune system that shape both innate and adaptive immunity. However, to prevent inappropriate immune activation, mechanisms must be in place to restrain DC activation to ensure DCs are activated only once sufficient stimuli have been received. Here, we report that DC activation and immunogenicity are regulated by the transcriptional repressor Polycomb group factor 6 (PCGF6). Pcgf6 is rapidly downregulated upon stimulation, and this downregulation is necessary to permit full DC activation. Silencing PCGF6 expression enhanced both spontaneous and stimulated DC activation. We show that PCGF6 associates with the H3K4me3 demethylase JARID1c, and together, they negatively regulate H3K4me3 levels in DCs. Our results identify two key regulators, PCGF6 and JARID1c that temper DC activation and implicate active transcriptional silencing via histone demethylation as a previously unappreciated mechanism for regulating DC activation and quiescence.
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Shim JU, Lee SE, Hwang W, Lee C, Park JW, Sohn JH, Nam JH, Kim Y, Rhee JH, Im SH, Koh YI. Flagellin suppresses experimental asthma by generating regulatory dendritic cells and T cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 137:426-35. [PMID: 26303344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the hygiene hypothesis suggests that microbial infections could subvert asthma and thus a microbial product might serve as a therapeutic adjuvant for asthma, the relationship between bacterial components and asthma is complex. Recently, low levels of flagellin, the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 5 ligand, have been reported to promote asthma. OBJECTIVE We show that a therapeutic dose of flagellin suppresses asthma and that the effect occurs through generating regulatory dendritic cells (rDCs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells. METHODS Ovalbumin (OVA)-induced wild-type and TLR5 knockout asthmatic mice were treated intranasally with a mixture of OVA and 10 μg of a flagellin B (FlaB; of Vibrio vulnificus). OVA/FlaB-treated rDCs were adoptively transferred to mice with OVA-induced asthma. Anti-CD25 mAb was used to deplete Treg cells. A mixture of house dust mite (HDM) and FlaB was used to treat mice with HDM-induced asthma. Blood CD14(+) monocyte-derived dendritic cells from HDM-sensitive asthmatic patients were treated with FlaB and incubated with autologous CD4(+) T cells. RESULTS An OVA/FlaB mixture ameliorated OVA-induced asthma by inhibiting TH1/TH2/TH17 responses in a TLR5-dependent manner through generating rDCs and Treg cells. The adoptive transfer of OVA/FlaB-treated dendritic cells inhibited OVA-induced asthma, whereas the depletion of CD25(+) cells eliminated the inhibitory effect. A similar effect of FlaB was observed in mice with HDM-induced asthma. In patients with HDM-sensitive asthma, FlaB-treated rDCs inhibited HDM-stimulated TH1/TH2 responses while enhancing Treg cells in an IL-10-dependent manner. CONCLUSION These findings collectively suggest that flagellin could be used as a tolerogenic adjuvant to treat allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Uoong Shim
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Shee Eun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Won Hwang
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea; Academy of Immunology and Microbiology (AIM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea
| | - Changhon Lee
- Academy of Immunology and Microbiology (AIM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea; Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology (IBB), Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Jung-Won Park
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Ho Sohn
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Hee Nam
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Joon Haeng Rhee
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, National Research Laboratory of Molecular Microbial Pathogenesis, Research Institute for Vibrio Infections, Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
| | - Sin-Hyeog Im
- Academy of Immunology and Microbiology (AIM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea; Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology (IBB), Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea.
| | - Young-Il Koh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
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Platt JL, Wrenshall LE, Johnson GB, Cascalho M. Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan Metabolism and the Fate of Grafted Tissues. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 865:123-40. [PMID: 26306447 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18603-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tissue and organ transplants between genetically distinct individuals are always or nearly always rejected. The universality and speed of transplant rejection distinguishes this immune response from all others. Although this distinction is incompletely understood, some efforts to shed light on transplant rejection have revealed broader insights, including a relationship between activation of complement in grafted tissues, the metabolism of heparan sulfate proteoglycan and the nature of immune and inflammatory responses that ensue. Complement activation on cell surfaces, especially on endothelial cell surfaces, causes the shedding heparan sulfate, an acidic saccharide, from the cell surface and neighboring extracellular matrix. Solubilized in this way, heparan sulfate can activate leukocytes via toll like receptor-4, triggering inflammatory responses and activating dendritic cells, which migrate to regional lymphoid organs where they spark and to some extent govern cellular immune responses. In this way local ischemia, tissue injury and infection, exert systemic impact on immunity. Whether or in what circumstances this series of events explains the distinct characteristics of the immune response to transplants is still unclear but the events offer insight into the inception of immunity under the sub-optimal conditions accompanying infection and mechanisms by which infection and tissue injury engender systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Platt
- Transplantation Biology, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, A520B Medical Sciences Research Building I, 1150W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5656, USA,
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17
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Park HR, Voigt K. Interaction of Zygomycetes with innate immune cells reconsidered with respect to ecology, morphology, evolution and infection biology: a mini-review. Mycoses 2014; 57 Suppl 3:31-9. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hea-Reung Park
- Jena Microbial Resource Collection; Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute; Jena Germany
- Faculty of Biology and Pharmacy; Department Microbiology and Molecular Biology; Institute of Microbiology; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Jena Germany
- Jena School for Microbial Communication; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Jena Germany
| | - Kerstin Voigt
- Jena Microbial Resource Collection; Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute; Jena Germany
- Faculty of Biology and Pharmacy; Department Microbiology and Molecular Biology; Institute of Microbiology; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Jena Germany
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18
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Role and therapeutic value of dendritic cells in central nervous system autoimmunity. Cell Death Differ 2014; 22:215-24. [PMID: 25168240 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that control the generation of adaptive immunity. Consequently, DCs have a central role in the induction of protective immunity to pathogens and also in the pathogenic immune response responsible for the development and progression of autoimmune disorders. Thus the study of the molecular pathways that control DC development and function is likely to result in new strategies for the therapeutic manipulation of the immune response. In this review, we discuss the role and therapeutic value of DCs in autoimmune diseases, with a special focus on multiple sclerosis.
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19
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Chistiakov DA, Orekhov AN, Sobenin IA, Bobryshev YV. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: development, functions, and role in atherosclerotic inflammation. Front Physiol 2014; 5:279. [PMID: 25120492 PMCID: PMC4110479 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a specialized subset of DCs that links innate and adaptive immunity. They sense viral and bacterial pathogens and release high levels of Type I interferons (IFN-I) in response to infection. pDCs were shown to contribute to inflammatory responses in the steady state and in pathology. In atherosclerosis, pDCs are involved in priming vascular inflammation and atherogenesis through production of IFN-I and chemokines that attract inflammatory cells to inflamed sites. pDCs also contribute to the proinflammatory activation of effector T cells, cytotoxic T cells, and conventional DCs. However, tolerogenic populations of pDCs are found that suppress atherosclerosis-associated inflammation through down-regulation of function and proliferation of proinflammatory T cell subsets and induction of regulatory T cells with potent immunomodulatory properties. Notably, atheroprotective tolerogenic DCs could be induced by certain self-antigens or bacterial antigens that suggests for great therapeutic potential of these DCs for development of DC-based anti-atherogenic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitry A. Chistiakov
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Pirogov Russian State Medical UniversityMoscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical SciencesMoscow, Russia
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative CenterMoscow, Russia
| | - Igor A. Sobenin
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative CenterMoscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Russian Cardiology Research and Production ComplexMoscow, Russia
| | - Yuri V. Bobryshev
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical SciencesMoscow, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South WalesSydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western SydneyCampbelltown, NSW, Australia
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20
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Loss of cell growth control is not sufficient to explain why tumours form as the immune system recognizes many malignant cells and keeps them in check. The local inflammatory microenvironment is a pivotal factor in tumour formation, as tumour-associated inflammation actively suppresses antitumour immunity. The purpose of this review is to evaluate emerging evidence that amino acid catabolism is a key feature of tumour-associated inflammation that supports tumour progression and immune resistance to therapy. RECENT FINDINGS Enhanced amino acid catabolism in inflammatory tumour microenvironments correlates with carcinogen resistance and immune regulation mediated by tumour-associated immune cells that protect tumours from natural and vaccine-induced immunity. Interfering with metabolic pathways exploited by tumours is a promising antitumour strategy, especially when combined with other therapies. Moreover, molecular sensors that evolved to detect pathogens may enhance evasion of immune surveillance to permit tumour progression. SUMMARY Innate immune sensing that induces amino acid catabolism in tumour microenvironments may be pivotal in initiating and sustaining local inflammation that promotes immune resistance and attenuates antitumour immunity. Targeting molecular sensors that mediate these metabolic changes may be an effective strategy to enhance antitumour immunity that prevents tumour progression, as well as improving the efficacy of cancer therapy.
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21
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Chapman TJ, Georas SN. Regulatory tone and mucosal immunity in asthma. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 23:330-6. [PMID: 24975833 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The lung is constantly exposed to a variety of inhaled foreign antigens, many of which are harmless to the body. Therefore, the mucosal immune system must not only have the capacity to distinguish self from non-self, but also harmless versus dangerous non-self. To address this, mucosal immune cells establish an anti-inflammatory steady state in the lung that must be overcome by inflammatory signals in order to mount an effector immune response. In the case of inhaled allergens, the false detection of dangerous non-self results in inappropriate immune activation and eventual allergic asthma. Both basic and clinical studies suggest that the balance between tolerogenic and inflammatory immune responses is a key feature in the outcome of health or disease. This review is focused on what we term 'regulatory tone': the immunosuppressive environment in the lung that must be overcome to induce inflammatory responses. We will summarize the current literature on this topic, with a particular focus on the role of regulatory T cells in preventing allergic disease of the lung. We propose that inter-individual differences in regulatory tone have the potential to not only establish the threshold for immune activation in the lung, but also shape the quality of resulting effector responses following tolerance breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Chapman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14610, United States
| | - Steve N Georas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14610, United States.
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22
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Hopp AK, Rupp A, Lukacs-Kornek V. Self-antigen presentation by dendritic cells in autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2014; 5:55. [PMID: 24592266 PMCID: PMC3923158 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The operation of both central and peripheral tolerance ensures the prevention of autoimmune diseases. The maintenance of peripheral tolerance requires self-antigen presentation by professional antigen presenting cells (APCs). Dendritic cells (DCs) are considered as major APCs involved in this process. The current review discusses the role of DCs in autoimmune diseases, the various factors involved in the induction and maintenance of tolerogenic DC phenotype, and pinpoints their therapeutic capacity as well as potential novel targets for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Katrin Hopp
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center , Homburg , Germany
| | - Anne Rupp
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center , Homburg , Germany
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