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Mechó-García M, Arcas-Carbonell M, Orduna-Hospital E, Sánchez-Cano A, López-Gil N, Macedo-de-Araújo RJ, Faria-Ribeiro M, Fernandes P, González-Méijome JM, Rozema J. Statistical Model of Ocular Wavefronts With Accommodation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:12. [PMID: 39377736 PMCID: PMC11463707 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.12.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the minimum number of orthonormal basis functions, applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA), to represent the most wavefront aberrations at different accommodation stages. The study also aims to generate synthetic wavefront data using these functions. Methods Monocular wavefront data from 191 subjects (26.15 ± 5.56 years old) were measured with a Hartmann-Shack aberrometer, simulating accommodation from 0 diopters (D) to 5 D in 1 D steps. The wavefronts for each accommodative demand were rescaled for different pupil sizes: 4.66, 4.76, 4.40, 4.09, 4.07, and 3.68 mm. PCA was applied to 150 wavefront parameters (25 Zernike coefficients × 6 accommodation levels) to obtain eigenvectors for dimensional reduction. A total of 49 eigenvectors were modeled as a sum of 2 multivariate Gaussians, from which 1000 synthetic data sets were generated. Results The first 49 eigenvectors preserved 99.97% of the original data variability. No significant differences were observed between the mean values and standard deviation of the generated and original 49 eigenvectors (two one-sided test [TOST], P > 0.05/49) and (F-test, P > 0.05/49), both with Bonferroni correction. The mean values of the generated parameters (1000) were statistically equal to those of the original data (TOST, P > 0.05/150). The variability of the generated data was similar to the original data for the most important Zernike coefficients (F-test, P > 0.05/150). Conclusions PCA significantly reduces the dimensionality of wavefront aberration data across 6 accommodative demands, reducing the variable space by over 66%. The synthetic data generated by the proposed wavefront model for accommodation closely resemble the original clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Mechó-García
- Clinical and Experimental Optometry Research Lab, Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - María Arcas-Carbonell
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España
- Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain
| | - Elvira Orduna-Hospital
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España
- Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Cano
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España
- Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain
| | - Norberto López-Gil
- Grupo de Ciencias de la Visión (CIVIUM), Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rute J. Macedo-de-Araújo
- Clinical and Experimental Optometry Research Lab, Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Miguel Faria-Ribeiro
- Clinical and Experimental Optometry Research Lab, Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Paulo Fernandes
- Clinical and Experimental Optometry Research Lab, Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - José Manuel González-Méijome
- Clinical and Experimental Optometry Research Lab, Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Jos Rozema
- Visual Optics Lab Antwerp (VOLANTIS), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Ophthalmology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
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Chen Y, Yang B, Kou J, Liu L. Impact of wearing dual-focus soft contact lenses on myopia progression: a one-year randomized clinical trial in Chinese school-age children. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:426. [PMID: 39350093 PMCID: PMC11443923 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03678-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myopia is prevalent in China; however, trials involving Chinese children wearing dual-focus soft contact lenses (DFSCL) are limited. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of DFSCL among Chinese school-age children. METHODS Sixty-four children aged 8-12 years with spherical equivalent refraction (SER) between - 0.75D and - 4.00D were recruited in this randomized controlled clinical study. The control group (32 subjects) wore single-vision spectacles (SVS), while the DFSCL group (32 subjects) wore daily disposable + 2.00 D defocus MiSight DFSCL. Follow-up examinations were performed every 3 months to compare the axial length (AL) growth and SER change between the groups for a period of 12 months by using the independent samples t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical differences with a P < 0.05, when compared to the control group, are considered indicative of an effective intervention. Multivariate analysis and regression analysis were used to eliminate the effects of confounding factors on the results. RESULTS A total of 58 subjects, with 30 in the SVS group and 28 in the DFSCL group, completed the follow-up. After adjusting for baseline age, gender, AL and SER, AL growth was 0.33 ± 0.02 mm in the SVS group and 0.23 ± 0.03 mm in the DFSCL group (P = 0.004). SER change was - 0.53 ± 0.06 in the SVS group and - 0.44 ± 0.06 in the DFSCL group (P = 0.308). In the DFSCL group, AL and SER increased 0.11 mm and 0.09 D less than in the SVS group, respectively. Moreover, initial wear of DFSCL may cause occasional blurriness in near vision, and prolonged wear may lead to increased ocular discomfort symptoms such as dryness, itchiness, and foreign body sensation. CONCLUSION MiSight DFSCL showed a reduction in AL growth during the first three months of wear. However, no significant benefits were observed during the subsequent nine months. No significant differences in the changes of SER were found. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2200064731. Registered 15 October 2022, http://www.chictr.org.cn/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bi Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ji Kou
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Longqian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Wu J, Li X, Huang Y, Luo Y, Zhang S, Cui Z, Hou F, Bao J, Chen H. Effect of myopia-control lenses on central and peripheral visual performance in myopic children. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2024; 44:249-257. [PMID: 38071500 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the short-term effects of three myopia-control lenses, which impose peripheral myopic defocus while providing clear central vision, on central and peripheral visual performance in myopic children. METHODS Twenty-one myopic children were enrolled in the study. Central visual performance was assessed using the quick contrast sensitivity function. Peripheral visual performance was evaluated by measuring peripheral contrast threshold and global motion perception, while subjects maintained fixation through the central portion of the lens. Single-vision spectacle lenses (SVL), spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets (HAL) and defocus-incorporated soft contact (DISC) lenses were evaluated in random order, followed by orthokeratology (OK) lenses. All tests were performed monocularly on the right eye. RESULTS The area under the log contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF) with DISC lenses was lower than that with SVL (1.14 vs. 1.40, p < 0.001) and HAL (1.14 vs. 1.33, p = 0.001). HAL increased the temporal visual field contrast threshold compared with OK lenses (p = 0.04), and OK lenses decreased the superior visual field contrast threshold compared with that of SVL (p = 0.04) and HAL (p = 0.005). HAL also increased the peripheral coherence threshold for identifying the contraction movement compared with OK lenses (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The short-term use of these optical interventions for myopia control exhibited measurable differences in central and peripheral visual performance. Relevant attention could be paid to these differences, especially when children switch to different treatments. DISC lenses exhibited worse central contrast sensitivity than SVL and HAL. Imposing peripheral defocus signals did not affect children's peripheral visual performance compared with SVL. However, considering the poorer peripheral visual performance provided by HAL, OK lenses are recommended for children if there are specific demands for global scene recognition and motion perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqian Wu
- National Engineering Research Centre of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xue Li
- National Engineering Research Centre of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yifan Luo
- National Engineering Research Centre of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zaifeng Cui
- National Engineering Research Centre of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fang Hou
- National Engineering Research Centre of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Bao
- National Engineering Research Centre of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- National Engineering Research Centre of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Sánchez-González JM, Rocha-de-Lossada C, Cerviño A. Exploring the Cutting Edge of Vision Science: New Developments in Diagnostics and Treatment of Ocular Surface in Dry Eye Disease. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1584. [PMID: 37511959 PMCID: PMC10381868 DOI: 10.3390/life13071584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The ocular surface refers to the outermost layer of the eye, which includes the cornea, conjunctiva and eyelids [...].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada
- Qvision, Ophthalmology Department, VITHAS Almeria Hospital, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Ophthalmology Department, VITHAS Malaga, 29016 Malaga, Spain
- Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Hospital Civil Square, 29009 Malaga, Spain
- Surgery Department, Ophthalmology Area, University of Seville, Doctor Fedriani, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Alejandro Cerviño
- Department of Optics & Optometry & Vision Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Capote-Puente R, Eftimov P, Bautista-Llamas MJ, Yokoi N, Sánchez-González JM, Georgiev G. Short-term tear film stability, optical quality and visual performance in two dual-focus contact lenses for myopia control with different optical designs. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2023; 43:290-291. [PMID: 36427053 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Capote-Puente
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Petar Eftimov
- Department of Cytology, Histology and Embryology, Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Norihiko Yokoi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Georgi Georgiev
- Faculty of Physics, Department of Optics and Spectroscopy, Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
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