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Walker MT, Bloodworth JC, Kountz TS, McCarty SL, Green JE, Ferrie RP, Campbell JA, Averill SH, Beckman KB, Grammer LC, Eng C, Avila PC, Farber HJ, Rodriguez-Cintron W, Rodriguez-Santana JR, Serebrisky D, Thyne SM, Seibold MA, Burchard EG, Kumar R, Cook-Mills JM. 5-HTP inhibits eosinophilia via intracellular endothelial 5-HTRs; SNPs in 5-HTRs associate with asthmatic lung function. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2024; 5:1385168. [PMID: 38845678 PMCID: PMC11153829 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1385168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research showed that 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HTP), a metabolic precursor of serotonin, reduces allergic lung inflammation by inhibiting eosinophil migration across endothelial monolayers. Objective It is unknown if serotonin receptors are involved in mediating this 5HTP function or if serotonin receptor (HTR) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associate with lung function in humans. Methods Serotonin receptor subtypes were assessed by qPCR, western blot, confocal microscopy, pharmacological inhibitors and siRNA knockdown. HTR SNPs were assessed in two cohorts. Results Pharmacological inhibition or siRNA knockdown of the serotonin receptors HTR1A or HTR1B in endothelial cells abrogated the inhibitory effects of 5HTP on eosinophil transendothelial migration. In contrast, eosinophil transendothelial migration was not inhibited by siRNA knockdown of HTR1A or HTR1B in eosinophils. Surprisingly, these HTRs were intracellular in endothelial cells and an extracellular supplementation with serotonin did not inhibit eosinophil transendothelial migration. This is consistent with the inability of serotonin to cross membranes, the lack of selective serotonin reuptake receptors on endothelial cells, and the studies showing minimal impact of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on asthma. To extend our HTR studies to humans with asthma, we examined the CHIRAH and GALA cohorts for HTR SNPs that affect HTR function or are associated with behavior disorders. A polygenic index of SNPs in HTRs was associated with lower lung function in asthmatics. Conclusions Serotonin receptors mediate 5HTP inhibition of transendothelial migration and HTR SNPs associate with lower lung function. These results may serve to aid in design of novel interventions for allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. Walker
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jeffrey C. Bloodworth
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Timothy S. Kountz
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Samantha L. McCarty
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jeremy E. Green
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ryan P. Ferrie
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jackson A. Campbell
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Samantha H. Averill
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Leslie C. Grammer
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Pedro C. Avila
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Harold J. Farber
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pulmonology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | | | - Denise Serebrisky
- Pediatric Pulmonary Division, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Shannon M. Thyne
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Max A. Seibold
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health and the Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Esteban G. Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Joan M. Cook-Mills
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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2
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Sayers I, John C, Chen J, Hall IP. Genetics of chronic respiratory disease. Nat Rev Genet 2024:10.1038/s41576-024-00695-0. [PMID: 38448562 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-024-00695-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and interstitial lung diseases are frequently occurring disorders with a polygenic basis that account for a large global burden of morbidity and mortality. Recent large-scale genetic epidemiology studies have identified associations between genetic variation and individual respiratory diseases and linked specific genetic variants to quantitative traits related to lung function. These associations have improved our understanding of the genetic basis and mechanisms underlying common lung diseases. Moreover, examining the overlap between genetic associations of different respiratory conditions, along with evidence for gene-environment interactions, has yielded additional biological insights into affected molecular pathways. This genetic information could inform the assessment of respiratory disease risk and contribute to stratified treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Sayers
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Catherine John
- University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jing Chen
- University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Ian P Hall
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.
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3
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Edris A, Voorhies K, Lutz SM, Iribarren C, Hall I, Wu AC, Tobin M, Fawcett K, Lahousse L. Asthma exacerbations and eosinophilia in the UK Biobank: a genome-wide association study. ERJ Open Res 2024; 10:00566-2023. [PMID: 38196893 PMCID: PMC10772900 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00566-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma exacerbations reflect disease severity, affect morbidity and mortality, and may lead to declining lung function. Inflammatory endotypes (e.g. T2-high (eosinophilic)) may play a key role in asthma exacerbations. We aimed to assess whether genetic susceptibility underlies asthma exacerbation risk and additionally tested for an interaction between genetic variants and eosinophilia on exacerbation risk. Methods UK Biobank data were used to perform a genome-wide association study of individuals with asthma and at least one exacerbation compared to individuals with asthma and no history of exacerbations. Individuals with asthma were identified using self-reported data, hospitalisation data and general practitioner records. Exacerbations were identified as either asthma-related hospitalisation, general practitioner record of asthma exacerbation or an oral corticosteroid burst prescription. A logistic regression model adjusted for age, sex, smoking status and genetic ancestry via principal components was used to assess the association between genetic variants and asthma exacerbations. We sought replication for suggestive associations (p<5×10-6) in the GERA cohort. Results In the UK Biobank, we identified 11 604 cases and 37 890 controls. While no variants reached genome-wide significance (p<5×10-8) in the primary analysis, 116 signals were suggestively significant (p<5×10-6). In GERA, two single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs34643691 and rs149721630) replicated (p<0.05), representing signals near the NTRK3 and ABCA13 genes. Conclusions Our study has identified reproducible associations with asthma exacerbations in the UK Biobank and GERA cohorts. Confirmation of these findings in different asthma subphenotypes in diverse ancestries and functional investigation will be required to understand their mechanisms of action and potentially inform therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Edris
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Kirsten Voorhies
- Precision Medicine Translational Research Center, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sharon M. Lutz
- Precision Medicine Translational Research Center, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos Iribarren
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Ian Hall
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ann Chen Wu
- Precision Medicine Translational Research Center, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin Tobin
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Katherine Fawcett
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Lies Lahousse
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- These authors contributed equally
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4
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Bai S, Lu J, Hua L, Liu Q, Chen M, Gu Y, Zhang J, Ma D, Bao Y. Prediction of asthma using a four-locus gene model including IL13, IL4, FCER1B, and ADRB2 in children of Kazak nationality. Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:162. [PMID: 38049812 PMCID: PMC10694882 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01564-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study whether the four locus gene model consisting of ADRB2 rs1042713, IL4 rs2243250, FCER1B rs569108 and L13 rs20541 can predict asthma of the Kazak children in Xinjiang, China. METHODS Four single nucleotide polymorphisms about the 4 genes were genotyped in asthma group and control group of Han children and Kazak children respectively. The frequencies of different genotypes and alleles were compared between the asthma group and the control group in the two nationalities. Different risk genotypes for asthma were evaluated in the two nationalities. RESULTS The differences about frequencies of genotypes in ADRB2 rs1042713 and IL4 rs2243250 and IL13 rs20541 between asthma group and control group were statistically significant in Han children, as were the frequencies of alleles in the 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms, but there were no statistical differences in FCER1B rs569108(P > 0.05). For the Kazak children, no differences were existed among all the genotypes and alleles in asthma group and control group. For the Han children, more children were asthma high risk genotype in the asthma group than those in the control group and no difference was found in the Kazak children. CONCLUSIONS The four locus gene model consisting of ADRB2 rs1042713, IL4 rs2243250, FCER1B rs569108 and L13 rs20541 can predict asthma of Han children but not for the Kazak children in Xinjiang, which illustrating that the difference of asthma prevalence between different races is closely related to the genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Bai
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Children's Respiratory Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Urumqi First People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China
| | - Li Hua
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanhua Liu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxue Chen
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutong Gu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongjun Ma
- Children's Respiratory Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Urumqi First People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yixiao Bao
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Perez-Garcia J, Espuela-Ortiz A, Hernández-Pérez JM, González-Pérez R, Poza-Guedes P, Martin-Gonzalez E, Eng C, Sardón-Prado O, Mederos-Luis E, Corcuera-Elosegui P, Sánchez-Machín I, Korta-Murua J, Villar J, Burchard EG, Lorenzo-Diaz F, Pino-Yanes M. Human genetics influences microbiome composition involved in asthma exacerbations despite inhaled corticosteroid treatment. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:799-806.e6. [PMID: 37301411 PMCID: PMC10522330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The upper-airway microbiome is involved in asthma exacerbations despite inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment. Although human genetics regulates microbiome composition, its influence on asthma-related airway bacteria remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify genes and biological pathways regulating airway-microbiome traits involved in asthma exacerbations and ICS response. METHODS Saliva, nasal, and pharyngeal samples from 257 European patients with asthma were analyzed. The association of 6,296,951 genetic variants with exacerbation-related microbiome traits despite ICS treatment was tested through microbiome genome-wide association studies. Variants with 1 × 10-4 RESULTS Genes associated with exacerbation-related airway-microbiome traits were enriched in asthma comorbidities development (ie, reflux esophagitis, obesity, and smoking), and were likely regulated by trichostatin A and the nuclear factor-κB, the glucocorticosteroid receptor, and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein transcription factors (7.8 × 10-13 ≤ false discovery rate ≤ 0.022). Enrichment in smoking, trichostatin A, nuclear factor-κB, and glucocorticosteroid receptor were replicated in the saliva samples from diverse populations (4.42 × 10-9 ≤ P ≤ .008). The ICS-response-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms rs5995653 (APOBEC3B-APOBEC3C), rs6467778 (TRIM24), and rs5752429 (TPST2) were identified as microbiome quantitative trait loci of Streptococcus, Tannerella, and Campylobacter in the upper airway (0.027 ≤ false discovery rate ≤ 0.050). CONCLUSIONS Genes associated with asthma exacerbation-related microbiome traits might influence asthma comorbidities. We reinforced the therapeutic interest of trichostatin A, nuclear factor-κB, the glucocorticosteroid receptor, and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein in asthma exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Perez-Garcia
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Antonio Espuela-Ortiz
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José M Hernández-Pérez
- Pulmonary Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario N.S de Candelaria, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Pulmonary Medicine Section, Hospital Universitario de La Palma, La Palma, Spain
| | - Ruperto González-Pérez
- Severe Asthma Unit, Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Paloma Poza-Guedes
- Severe Asthma Unit, Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Elena Martin-Gonzalez
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, Calif
| | - Olaia Sardón-Prado
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Elena Mederos-Luis
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Paula Corcuera-Elosegui
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - Javier Korta-Murua
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jesús Villar
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Multidisciplinary Organ Dysfunction Evaluation Research Network, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at the St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Esteban G Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, Calif; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, Calif
| | - Fabian Lorenzo-Diaz
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Maria Pino-Yanes
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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Khare M, Piparia S, Tantisira KG. Pharmacogenetics of childhood uncontrolled asthma. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37190963 PMCID: PMC10657335 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2214363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma is a heterogeneous, multifactorial disease with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors playing a role in pathogenesis and therapeutic response. Understanding of pharmacogenetics can help with matching individualized treatments to specific genotypes of asthma to improve therapeutic outcomes especially in uncontrolled or severe asthma. AREAS COVERED In this review, we outline novel information about biology, pathways, and mechanisms related to interindividual variability in drug response (corticosteroids, bronchodilators, leukotriene modifiers, and biologics) for childhood asthma. We discuss candidate gene, genome-wide association studies and newer omics studies including epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics as well as integrative genomics and systems biology methods related to childhood asthma. The articles were obtained after a series of searches, last updated November 2022, using database PubMed/CINAHL DB. EXPERT OPINION Implementation of pharmacogenetic algorithms can improve therapeutic targeting in children with asthma, particularly with severe or uncontrolled asthma who typically have challenges in clinical management and carry considerable financial burden. Future studies focusing on potential biomarkers both clinical and pharmacogenetic can help formulate a prognostic test for asthma treatment response that would represent true bench to bedside clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manaswitha Khare
- Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Shraddha Piparia
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kelan G Tantisira
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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7
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Mabelane T, Masekela R, Dandara C, Hadebe S. Immunogenetics and pharmacogenetics of allergic asthma in Africa. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1165311. [PMID: 37228580 PMCID: PMC10203899 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1165311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic condition in children and in an African setting is often highly prevalent in urban areas as compared to rural areas. Asthma is a heritable disease and the genetic risk is often exacerbated by unique localised environmental factors. The Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) recommendation for the control of asthma includes inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) alone or together with short-acting β2-agonists (SABA) or long-acting β2-agonists (LABA). While these drugs can relieve asthma symptoms, there is evidence of reduced efficacy in people of African ancestry. Whether this is due to immunogenetics, genomic variability in drug metabolising genes (pharmacogenetics) or genetics of asthma-related traits is not well defined. Pharmacogenetic evidence of first-line asthma drugs in people of African ancestry is lacking and is further compounded by the lack of representative genetic association studies in the continent. In this review, we will discuss the paucity of data related to the pharmacogenetics of asthma drugs in people of African ancestry, mainly drawing from African American data. We will further discuss how this gap can be bridged to improve asthma health outcomes in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tshegofatso Mabelane
- Department of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Ga-Rankuwa, South Africa
| | - Refiloe Masekela
- Department of Paediatrics, Nelson Mandela School of Medicine, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Hospital, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Institute of Infectious Diseases Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Platform for Pharmacogenomics Research and Translation, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sabelo Hadebe
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Herrera-Luis E, Forno E, Celedón JC, Pino-Yanes M. Asthma Exacerbations: The Genes Behind the Scenes. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2023; 33:76-94. [PMID: 36420738 PMCID: PMC10638677 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical and socioeconomic burden of asthma exacerbations (AEs) constitutes a major public health problem. In the last 4 years, there has been an increase in ethnic diversity in candidate-gene and genome-wide association studies of AEs, which in the latter case led to the identification of novel genes and underlying pathobiological processes. Pharmacogenomics, admixture mapping analyses, and the combination of multiple "omics" layers have helped to prioritize genomic regions of interest and/or facilitated our understanding of the functional consequences of genetic variation. Nevertheless, the field still lags behind the genomics of asthma, where a vast compendium of genetic approaches has been used (eg, gene-environment nteractions, next-generation sequencing, and polygenic risk scores). Furthermore, the roles of the DNA methylome and histone modifications in AEs have received little attention, and microRNA findings remain to be validated in independent studies. Likewise, the most recent transcriptomic studies highlight the importance of the host-airway microbiome interaction in the modulation of risk of AEs. Leveraging -omics and deep-phenotyping data from subtypes or homogenous subgroups of patients will be crucial if we are to overcome the inherent heterogeneity of AEs, boost the identification of potential therapeutic targets, and implement precision medicine approaches to AEs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Herrera-Luis
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - E Forno
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children´s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J C Celedón
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children´s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M Pino-Yanes
- Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain 4 Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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Cooper PJ, Figueiredo CA, Rodriguez A, Dos Santos LM, Ribeiro-Silva RC, Carneiro VL, Costa G, Magalhães T, Dos Santos de Jesus T, Rios R, da Silva HBF, Costa R, Chico ME, Vaca M, Alcantara-Neves N, Rodrigues LC, Cruz AA, Barreto ML. Understanding and controlling asthma in Latin America: A review of recent research informed by the SCAALA programme. Clin Transl Allergy 2023; 13:e12232. [PMID: 36973960 PMCID: PMC10041090 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is an important health concern in Latin America (LA) where it is associated with variable prevalence and disease burden between countries. High prevalence and morbidity have been observed in some regions, particularly marginalized urban populations. Research over the past 10 years from LA has shown that childhood disease is primarily non-atopic. The attenuation of atopy may be explained by enhanced immune regulation induced by intense exposures to environmental factors such as childhood infections and poor environmental conditions of the urban poor. Non-atopic symptoms are associated with environmental and lifestyle factors including poor living conditions, respiratory infections, psychosocial stress, obesity, and a diet of highly processed foods. Ancestry (particularly African) and genetic factors increase asthma risk, and some of these factors may be specific to LA settings. Asthma in LA tends to be poorly controlled and depends on access to health care and medications. There is a need to improve management and access to medication through primary health care. Future research should consider the heterogeneity of asthma to identify relevant endotypes and underlying causes. The outcome of such research will need to focus on implementable strategies relevant to populations living in resource-poor settings where the disease burden is greatest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Cooper
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Camila A Figueiredo
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Gustavo Costa
- Center for Data Knowledge and Integration for Health (CIDACS), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Thiago Magalhães
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Raimon Rios
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Ryan Costa
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Martha E Chico
- Fundacion Ecuatoriana para la Investigacion en Salud (FEPIS), Esmeraldas, Ecuador
| | - Maritza Vaca
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Fundacion Ecuatoriana para la Investigacion en Salud (FEPIS), Esmeraldas, Ecuador
| | | | - Laura C Rodrigues
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Alvaro A Cruz
- Universidade Federal da Bahia and Fundação ProAR, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Mauricio L Barreto
- Center for Data Knowledge and Integration for Health (CIDACS), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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10
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Gautam Y, Mersha TB. Leveraging genetic ancestry to study severe asthma exacerbations in an admixed population. Thorax 2023; 78:220-221. [PMID: 36400457 PMCID: PMC9957837 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2022-219459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yadu Gautam
- Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Tesfaye B Mersha
- Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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11
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The upper-airway microbiome as a biomarker of asthma exacerbations despite inhaled corticosteroid treatment. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:706-715. [PMID: 36343772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in asthma is affected by the interplay of several factors. Among these, the role of the upper-airway microbiome has been scarcely investigated. We aimed to evaluate the association between the salivary, pharyngeal, and nasal microbiome with asthma exacerbations despite receipt of ICS. METHODS Samples from 250 asthma patients from the Genomics and Metagenomics of Asthma Severity (GEMAS) study treated with ICS were analyzed. Control/case subjects were defined by the absence/presence of asthma exacerbations in the past 6 months despite being treated with ICS. The bacterial microbiota was profiled by sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Differences between groups were assessed by PERMANOVA and regression models adjusted for potential confounders. A false discovery rate (FDR) of 5% was used to correct for multiple comparisons. Classification models of asthma exacerbations despite ICS treatment were built with machine learning approaches based on clinical, genetic, and microbiome data. RESULTS In nasal and saliva samples, case subjects had lower bacterial diversity (Richness, Shannon, and Faith indices) than control subjects (.007 ≤ P ≤ .037). Asthma exacerbations accounted for 8% to 9% of the interindividual variation of the salivary and nasal microbiomes (.003 ≤ P ≤ .046). Three, 4, and 11 bacterial genera from the salivary, pharyngeal, and nasal microbiomes were differentially abundant between groups (4.09 × 10-12 ≤ FDR ≤ 0.047). Integrating clinical, genetic, and microbiome data showed good discrimination for the development of asthma exacerbations despite receipt of ICS (AUCtraining: 0.82 and AUCvalidation: 0.77). CONCLUSION The diversity and composition of the upper-airway microbiome are associated with asthma exacerbations despite ICS treatment. The salivary microbiome has a potential application as a biomarker of asthma exacerbations despite receipt of ICS.
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12
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Birben E, Kalaycı Ö, Eigenmann PA. Editorial comments on: "Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of asthma exacerbations". Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13826. [PMID: 35871457 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esra Birben
- Hacettepe University Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ömer Kalaycı
- Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Philippe A Eigenmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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