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Yan J, Nauen R, Reitz S, Alyokhin A, Zhang J, Mota-Sanchez D, Kim Y, Palli SR, Rondon SI, Nault BA, Jurat-Fuentes JL, Crossley MS, Snyder WE, Gatehouse AMR, Zalucki MP, Tabashnik BE, Gao Y. The new kid on the block in insect pest management: sprayable RNAi goes commercial. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1766-1768. [PMID: 38782871 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-024-2612-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ralf Nauen
- Crop Science Division, R&D, Pest Control, Bayer AG, Monheim, 40789, Germany
| | - Stuart Reitz
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ontario, 97914, USA
| | - Andrei Alyokhin
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, 04469, USA
| | - Jiang Zhang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - David Mota-Sanchez
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48864, USA
| | - Yonggyun Kim
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40503, USA
| | - Silvia I Rondon
- Oregon Integrated Pest Management Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 97838, USA
| | - Brian A Nault
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, 14456, USA
| | - Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, USA
| | - Michael S Crossley
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, 19716, USA
| | - William E Snyder
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, 30602, USA
| | - Angharad M R Gatehouse
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Myron P Zalucki
- School of the Environment, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | | | - Yulin Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- National Center of Excellence for Tuber and Root Crop Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Saakre M, Jaiswal S, Rathinam M, Raman KV, Tilgam J, Paul K, Sreevathsa R, Pattanayak D. Host-Delivered RNA Interference for Durable Pest Resistance in Plants: Advanced Methods, Challenges, and Applications. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:1786-1805. [PMID: 37523020 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00833-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Insect-pests infestation greatly affects global agricultural production and is projected to become more severe in upcoming years. There is concern about pesticide application being ineffective due to insect resistance and environmental toxicity. Reduced effectiveness of Bt toxins also made the scientific community shift toward alternative strategies to control devastating agricultural pests. With the advent of host-delivered RNA interference, also known as host-induced gene silencing, targeted insect genes have been suppressed through genetic engineering tools to deliver a novel insect-pest resistance strategy for combating a number of agricultural pests. This review recapitulates the possible mechanism of host-delivered RNA interference (HD-RNAi), in particular, the silencing of target genes of insect-pests. We emphasize the development of the latest strategies against evolving insect targets including designing of artificial microRNAs, vector constructs, and the benefit of using plastid transformation to transform target RNA-interfering genes. Advantages of using HD-RNAi over other small RNA delivery modes and also the supremacy of HD-RNAi over the CRISPR-Cas system particularly for insect resistance have been described. However, the broader application of this technology is restricted due to its several limitations. Using artificial miRNA designs, the host-delivered RNAi + Bt combinatorial approach and chloroplast transformation can overcome limitations of RNAi. With careful design and delivery approaches, RNAi promises to be extremely valuable and effective plant protection strategy to attain durable insect-pest resistance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjesh Saakre
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sandeep Jaiswal
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
- ICAR-Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya- 793103, India
| | - Maniraj Rathinam
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - K Venkat Raman
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Jyotsana Tilgam
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Krishnayan Paul
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Rohini Sreevathsa
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Debasis Pattanayak
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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3
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Deng P, Peng Y, Sheng Z, Li W, Liu Y. RNAi silencing CHS1 gene shortens the mortality time of Plutella xylostella feeding Bt-transgenic Brassica napus. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:2610-2618. [PMID: 38252693 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insect-resistance genetically modified (GM) plants derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been cultivated to control pests, but continuous cultivation of Bt-transgenic plants at large-scale regions leads to the resistance evolution of target insects to transgenic plants. RNA interference (RNAi) technology is considered an effective strategy in delaying the resistance evolution of target insects. RESULTS We here developed a single transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus) line with hairpin RNA of the chitin-synthase 1 gene (CHS1) of Plutella xylostella (hpPxCHS1) and a pyramid transgenic B. napus line harboring hpPxCHS1 and Bt gene (Cry1Ac). Escherichia coli HT115 delivered hpPxCHS1 showed negative effects on the growth of P. xylostella. The single transgenic and pyramid transgenic B. napus significantly reduced the larval weight and length of P. xylostella and increased its lethality rate, with down-regulation expression of the PxCHS1 gene in insects. CONCLUSION Compared to Bt-transgenic B. napus, pyramid-transgenic B. napus shorted the mortality time of P. xylostella, indicating that RNAi technology synergistic with Bt protein improves the effectiveness of controlling target insects. Our results proved that RNAi can delay the resistance evolution of target insects to Bt-transgenic plants. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhilu Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wencui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
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4
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You S, Yao S, Chen X, Hou Q, Liu Z, Lei G, Xie X, Liang Z, Yuchi Z, You M, Liu Y, Xiong L. CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockout of the PxJHBP Gene Resulted in Increased Susceptibility to Bt Cry1Ac Protoxin and Reduced Lifespan and Spawning Rates in Plutella xylostella. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:8180-8188. [PMID: 38556749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Juvenile hormone binding protein (JHBP) is a key regulator of JH signaling, and crosstalk between JH and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) can activate and fine-tune the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, leading to resistance to insecticidal proteins from Bacillis thuringiensis (Bt). However, the involvement of JHBP in the Bt Cry1Ac resistance of Plutella xylostella remains unclear. Here, we cloned a full-length cDNA encoding JHBP, and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis showed that the expression of the PxJHBP gene in the midgut of the Cry1Ac-susceptible strain was significantly higher than that of the Cry1Ac-resistant strain. Furthermore, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of the PxJHBP gene significantly increased Cry1Ac susceptibility, resulting in a significantly shorter lifespan and reduced fertility. These results demonstrate that PxJHBP plays a critical role in the resistance to Cry1Ac protoxin and in the regulation of physiological metabolic processes associated with reproduction in adult females, providing valuable insights to improve management strategies of P. xylostella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Science, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shuyuan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Science, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xuanhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Science, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Science, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhaoxia Liu
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Gaoke Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Science, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | | | | | - Zhiguang Yuchi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Minsheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Science, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Science, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lei Xiong
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops and College of Life Science, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Nanchang 3302002, China
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Chaudhary V, Kumar M, Chauhan C, Sirohi U, Srivastav AL, Rani L. Strategies for mitigation of pesticides from the environment through alternative approaches: A review of recent developments and future prospects. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120326. [PMID: 38387349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Chemical-based peticides are having negative impacts on both the healths of human beings and plants as well. The World Health Organisation (WHO), reported that each year, >25 million individuals in poor nations are having acute pesticide poisoning cases along with 20,000 fatal injuries at global level. Normally, only ∼0.1% of the pesticide reaches to the intended targets, and rest amount is expected to come into the food chain/environment for a longer period of time. Therefore, it is crucial to reduce the amounts of pesticides present in the soil. Physical or chemical treatments are either expensive or incapable to do so. Hence, pesticide detoxification can be achieved through bioremediation/biotechnologies, including nano-based methodologies, integrated approaches etc. These are relatively affordable, efficient and environmentally sound methods. Therefore, alternate strategies like as advanced biotechnological tools like as CRISPR Cas system, RNAi and genetic engineering for development of insects and pest resistant plants which are directly involved in the development of disease- and pest-resistant plants and indirectly reduce the use of pesticides. Omics tools and multi omics approaches like metagenomics, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics for the efficient functional gene mining and their validation for bioremediation of pesticides also discussed from the literatures. Overall, the review focuses on the most recent advancements in bioremediation methods to lessen the effects of pesticides along with the role of microorganisms in pesticides elimination. Further, pesticide detection is also a big challenge which can be done by using HPLC, GC, SERS, and LSPR ELISA etc. which have also been described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Meerut College, Meerut, Uttar-Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Floriculture and Landscaping Architecture, College of Horticulture, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chetan Chauhan
- Department of Floriculture and Landscaping Architecture, College of Horticulture, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ujjwal Sirohi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Lal Srivastav
- Chitkara University School of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Lata Rani
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Orbović V, Ravanfar SA, Achor DS, Shilts T, Ibanez-Carrasco F, Banerjee R, El-Mohtar C, Stelinski LL, Bonning BC. Cry1Ba1-mediated toxicity of transgenic Bergera koenigii and Citrus sinensis to the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 3:1125987. [PMID: 38469526 PMCID: PMC10926525 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2023.1125987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, vectors the bacterial causative agent of citrus greening disease, which has severely impacted citrus production on a global scale. As the current repeated application of chemical insecticides is unsustainable for management of this insect and subsequent protection of groves, we investigated the potential use of the bacteria-derived pesticidal protein, Cry1Ba1, when delivered via transgenic citrus plants. Having demonstrated transformation of the Indian curry leaf tree, Bergera koenigii, for Cry1Ba1 expression for use as a trap plant, we produced transgenic plants of Duncan grapefruit, Citrus paridisi, Valencia sweet orange, Citrus sinensis, and Carrizo citrange, C. sinensis x Poncirus trifoliata, for expression of Cry1Ba1. The presence of the cry1ba1 gene, and cry1ba1 transcription were confirmed. Western blot detection of Cry1Ba1 was confirmed in most cases. When compared to those from wild-type plants, leaf discs from transgenic Duncan and Valencia expressing Cry1Ba1 exhibited a "delayed senescence" phenotype, similar to observations made for transgenic B. koenigii. In bioassays, significant reductions in the survival of adult psyllids were noted on transgenic B. koenigii and Valencia sweet orange plants expressing Cry1Ba1, but not on transgenic Duncan grapefruit or Carrizo citrange. In contrast to psyllids fed on wild type plants, the gut epithelium of psyllids fed on transgenic plants was damaged, consistent with the mode of action of Cry1Ba1. These results indicate that the transgenic expression of a bacterial pesticidal protein in B. koenigii and Valencia sweet orange offers a viable option for management of D. citri, that may contribute to solutions that counter citrus greening disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Orbović
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United States
| | - Seyed Ali Ravanfar
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United States
| | - Diann S. Achor
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United States
| | - Turksen Shilts
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United States
| | - Freddy Ibanez-Carrasco
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United States
| | - Rahul Banerjee
- Entomology and Nematology Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Choaa El-Mohtar
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United States
| | - Lukasz L. Stelinski
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United States
| | - Bryony C. Bonning
- Entomology and Nematology Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Guzmán-Altamirano MÁ, Rebollo-Plata B, Joaquín-Ramos ADJ, Gómez-Espinoza MG. Green synthesis and antimicrobial mechanism of nanoparticles: applications in agricultural and agrifood safety. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:2727-2744. [PMID: 35941521 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The growing demand for food and its safety are a challenge for agriculture and agrifood. This has led to the incorporation of alternatives such as organic agriculture, the use of biocontrollers, the development of transgenic plants resistant to pathogens and the incorporation of nanotechnology. In this sense, agrochemicals based on nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed. Recently, the green synthesis of NPs has grown rapidly and, for this reason, molecules, microorganisms, fungi and plants are used. Synthesis from plant extracts offers a broad spectrum and, despite the fact that NPs are usually dispersed in size and shape, extensive antimicrobial effectiveness has been demonstrated at nanomolar concentrations. It has been shown that the mechanism of action can be through the dissipation of the driving force of the protons, the alteration of cellular permeability, the formation of bonds with the thiol group of the proteins, the generation of reactive species of oxygen, and the hyperoxidation of DNA, RNA and even the cell membrane. To improve the efficiency of NPs, modifications have been made such as coating with other metals, the addition of antibiotics, detergents and surfactants, as well as the acidification of the solution. Consequently, NPs are considered as a promising method for achieving safety in the agricultural and agrifood area. However, it is necessary to investigate the side effects of NPs, when applied in agroecological systems, on the textural, nutriment and sensory properties of food, as well as the impact on human health. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernabe Rebollo-Plata
- Departamento de Ing. Electrónica, Instituto Tecnológico superior de Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
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Sultana MS, Mazarei M, Jurat-Fuentes JL, Hewezi T, Millwood RJ, Stewart CN. Overexpression of soybean trypsin inhibitor genes decreases defoliation by corn earworm ( Helicoverpa zea) in soybean ( Glycine max) and Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1129454. [PMID: 36875574 PMCID: PMC9982021 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1129454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Trypsin inhibitors (TIs) are widely distributed in plants and are known to play a protective role against herbivores. TIs reduce the biological activity of trypsin, an enzyme involved in the breakdown of many different proteins, by inhibiting the activation and catalytic reactions of proteins. Soybean (Glycine max) contains two major TI classes: Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) and Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI). Both genes encoding TI inactivate trypsin and chymotrypsin enzymes, which are the main digestive enzymes in the gut fluids of Lepidopteran larvae feeding on soybean. In this study, the possible role of soybean TIs in plant defense against insects and nematodes was investigated. A total of six TIs were tested, including three known soybean trypsin inhibitors (KTI1, KTI2 and KTI3) and three genes encoding novel inhibitors identified in soybean (KTI5, KTI7, and BBI5). Their functional role was further examined by overexpression of the individual TI genes in soybean and Arabidopsis. The endogenous expression patterns of these TI genes varied among soybean tissues, including leaf, stem, seed, and root. In vitro enzyme inhibitory assays showed significant increase in trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitory activities in both transgenic soybean and Arabidopsis. Detached leaf-punch feeding bioassays detected significant reduction in corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea) larval weight when larvae fed on transgenic soybean and Arabidopsis lines, with the greatest reduction observed in KTI7 and BBI5 overexpressing lines. Whole soybean plant greenhouse feeding bioassays with H. zea on KTI7 and BBI5 overexpressing lines resulted in significantly reduced leaf defoliation compared to non-transgenic plants. However, bioassays of KTI7 and BBI5 overexpressing lines with soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines) showed no differences in SCN female index between transgenic and non-transgenic control plants. There were no significant differences in growth and productivity between transgenic and non-transgenic plants grown in the absence of herbivores to full maturity under greenhouse conditions. The present study provides further insight into the potential applications of TI genes for insect resistance improvement in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst Shamira Sultana
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Mitra Mazarei
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Tarek Hewezi
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Reginald J. Millwood
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - C. Neal Stewart
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
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9
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Xiao Z, Yao X, Bai S, Wei J, An S. Involvement of an Enhanced Immunity Mechanism in the Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in Lepidopteran Pests. INSECTS 2023; 14:151. [PMID: 36835720 PMCID: PMC9965922 DOI: 10.3390/insects14020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is the safest, economically successful entomopathogen to date. It is extensively produced in transgenic crops or used in spray formulations to control Lepidopteran pests. The most serious threat to the sustainable usage of Bt is insect resistance. The resistance mechanisms to Bt toxins depend not only on alterations in insect receptors, but also on the enhancement of insect immune responses. In this work, we review the current knowledge of the immune response and resistance of insects to Bt formulations and Bt proteins, mainly in Lepidopteran pests. We discuss the pattern recognition proteins for recognizing Bt, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and their synthetic signaling pathways, the prophenoloxidase system, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, nodulation, encapsulation, phagocytosis, and cell-free aggregates, which are involved in immune response reactions or resistance to Bt. This review also analyzes immune priming, which contributes to the evolution of insect resistance to Bt, and puts forward strategies to improve the insecticidal activity of Bt formulations and manage insect resistance, targeting the insect immune responses and resistance.
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Wang Y, Quan Y, Wang Z, He K. Rotation of Multiple Single-Gene Transgenic Crops Did Not Slow the Evolution of Resistance to Cry1F or Cry1Ie in Ostrinia furnacalis. INSECTS 2023; 14:74. [PMID: 36662002 PMCID: PMC9866647 DOI: 10.3390/insects14010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A common strategy for delaying the evolution of resistance to transgenic crops that produce insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis is to ensure that insect pests are exposed to multiple toxins with different mechanisms of action (MoAs). This can take the form of planting crops in a rotation pattern when different crops expressing single toxins are available on the market. The efficacy of a rotation strategy is reliant on mathematical models based on biological assumptions. Here, we designed laboratory evolution experiments to test whether Bt-based insecticidal proteins with different MoAs used in rotation could delay resistance from developing in Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis. We investigated the proteins Cry1Ab, Cry1F, and Cry1Ie, which are widely utilized for commercial insect control. We found that rotation of multiple toxins did not slow the evolution of resistance to Cry1F or Cry1Ie. Furthermore, the evolution of ACB to the Cry1Ab toxin develops faster when Cry1F or Cry1Ie is present, as compared to Cry1Ab exposure only. Our results suggest that toxins used in a rotation fashion do not work as an effective strategy in delaying ACB resistance evolution to Cry toxins over one-toxin exposure. Our result highlights the need to better understand the biological factors leading to insecticidal protein resistance and to develop IRM strategies against target insects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kanglai He
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-10-6281-5932
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11
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Karthik K, Hada A, Bajpai A, Patil BL, Paraselli B, Rao U, Sreevathsa R. A novel tasi RNA-based micro RNA-induced gene silencing strategy to tackle multiple pests and pathogens in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). PLANTA 2022; 257:20. [PMID: 36538040 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the combinatorial management of multiple pests through a trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA)-based micro RNA-induced gene silencing (MIGS) strategy. Transgenic cotton events demonstrated improved efficacy against cotton leaf curl disease, cotton leaf hopper and root-knot nematode. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), an important commercial crop grown worldwide is confronted by several pests and pathogens, thus reiterating interventions for their management. In this study, we report, the utility of a novel Arabidopsis miRNA173-directed trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA)-based micro RNA-induced gene silencing (MIGS) strategy for the simultaneous management of cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD), cotton leaf hopper (CLH; Amrasca biguttula biguttula) and root-knot nematode (RKN, Meloidogyne incognita). Cotton transgenics were developed with the MIGS construct targeting a total of 7 genes by an apical meristem-targeted in planta transformation strategy. Stable transgenics were selected using stringent selection pressure, molecular characterization and stress-specific bio-efficacy studies. We identified 8 superior events with 50-100% resistance against CLCuD, while reduction in the root-knot nematode multiplication factor in the range of 35-75% confirmed resistance to RKN. These transgenic cotton events were also detrimental to the growth and development of CLH, as only 43.3-62.5% of nymphs could survive. Based on the corroborating evidences obtained by all the bioefficacy analyses, 3 events viz., L-75-1, E-27-11, E-27-7 were found to be consistent in tackling the target pests. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first of its kind demonstrating the possibility of combinatorial management of pests/diseases in cotton using MIGS approach. These identified events demonstrate immense utility of the strategy towards combinatorial stress management in cotton improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kesiraju Karthik
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, National Biotech Cluster, Faridabad-Gurugram Highway, New Delhi, India
| | - Alkesh Hada
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Akansha Bajpai
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Basavaprabhu L Patil
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Uma Rao
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
- SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
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12
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Stabilized Double-Stranded RNA Strategy Improves Cotton Resistance to CBW ( Anthonomus grandis). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213713. [PMID: 36430188 PMCID: PMC9691246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton is the most important crop for fiber production worldwide. However, the cotton boll weevil (CBW) is an insect pest that causes significant economic losses in infested areas. Current control methods are costly, inefficient, and environmentally hazardous. Herein, we generated transgenic cotton lines expressing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules to trigger RNA interference-mediated gene silencing in CBW. Thus, we targeted three essential genes coding for chitin synthase 2, vitellogenin, and ecdysis-triggering hormone receptor. The stability of expressed dsRNAs was improved by designing a structured RNA based on a viroid genome architecture. We transformed cotton embryos by inserting a promoter-driven expression cassette that overexpressed the dsRNA into flower buds. The transgenic cotton plants were characterized, and positive PCR transformed events were detected with an average heritability of 80%. Expression of dsRNAs was confirmed in floral buds by RT-qPCR, and the T1 cotton plant generation was challenged with fertilized CBW females. After 30 days, data showed high mortality (around 70%) in oviposited yolks. In adult insects fed on transgenic lines, chitin synthase II and vitellogenin showed reduced expression in larvae and adults, respectively. Developmental delays and abnormalities were also observed in these individuals. Our data remark on the potential of transgenic cotton based on a viroid-structured dsRNA to control CBW.
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13
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Niu L, Yan H, Sun Y, Zhang D, Ma W, Lin Y. Nanoparticle facilitated stacked-dsRNA improves suppression of the Lepidoperan pest Chilo suppresallis. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 187:105183. [PMID: 36127045 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, gene knockdown technology using double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has been widely used as an environment-friendly pest control strategy, but its instability and limited cellular uptake have limited its overall effect. Studies have shown that the efficiency of single dsRNA can be improved by using various nanomaterials. However, the effect of stacked-dsRNA wrapped by nanomaterial on pests remains unclear. In the present study, both CYP15C1 and C-factor genes were cloned from the midgut of C. suppressalis, and the transcript of C-factor is most highly expressed in heads. Feeding a dsCYP15C1 or dsC-factor - nanomaterial mixture can downregulate the gene expression and significantly increase larval mortality. More importantly, feeding the stacked-dsRNA wrapped by nanomaterial can significantly increase the mortality of C. suppressalis, compared with feeding dsCYP15C1 or dsC-factor - nanomaterial mixture alone. These results showed that CYP15C1 and C-factor could be potential targets for an effective management of C. suppressalis, and we developed a nanoparticle-facilitated stacked-dsRNA strategy in the control of C. suppresallis. Our research provides a theoretical basis for gene function analysis and field pest control, and will promote the application of RNAi technology in the stacked style of pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Niu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Wuhan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Haixia Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajie Sun
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Delin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Wuhan, China
| | - Weihua Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Wuhan, China
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14
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Xue H, Huang X, Chang G, Ma W, Hull JJ, Chen L. Reproductive capacity in Adelphocoris suturalis (Hemiptera: Miridae) is regulated by the insulin signaling pathway. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 187:105195. [PMID: 36127067 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The peptide hormone insulin has essential roles in regulating insect metabolism, growth, and reproduction. There are, however, few studies assessing the effects of insulin signaling on reproduction in Miridae (Hemiptera). Here, we used RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown to examine the role of three critical insulin signaling pathway components (insulin receptor, InR; insulin receptor substrate 1, IRS1; and forkhead box O, FOXO) on reproductive capacity in the mirid Adelphocoris suturalis. Knockdown of AsIRS1 led to a significant reduction in egg maturation in unmated females. To further verify the role of AsIRS1, we examined several reproductive parameters following knockdown. Suppression of AsIRS1 transcript levels throughout the reproductive period resulted in reduced lifetime fecundity, egg hatch rate, and oviposition capacity as well as statistically significant reductions in female survival rate and longevity. These findings demonstrate that the insulin signaling pathway plays a key role in the reproductive development of A. suturalis, and that IRS1 is a key regulatory factor. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for the regulation of insect reproduction by insulin and introduce a new target for potential development is A. suturalis control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xue
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xingxing Huang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Guofeng Chang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Weihua Ma
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - J Joe Hull
- U.S. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Agricultural Research Service, Department of Agriculture, Maricopa, AZ, USA
| | - Lizhen Chen
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
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15
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Kebede M, Fite T. RNA interference (RNAi) applications to the management of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Its current trends and future prospects. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:944774. [PMID: 36158573 PMCID: PMC9490220 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.944774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is among the invasive insect pests that damages maize and sorghum, the high-priority crops in newly colonized agro-ecologies, including African contexts. Owing to the increasing infestation of the pest and the limitations of current conventional methods for its management, there is a call for discovering advanced pest management approaches. RNA interference (RNAi) is an emerging molecular tool showing flexible potential for the management of S. frugiperda. We conducted a search of the recent application of RNAi literature using Google Scholar and Mendeley to find advanced papers on S. frugiperda management using RNAi molecular tools that led to growth inhibition, developmental aberrations, reduced fecundity, and mortality, mainly by disruption of normal biological processes of the pest. Although efforts have been made to accelerate the utility of RNAi, many factors limit the efficiency of RNAi to achieve successful control over S. frugiperda. Owing to RNAi’s potential bioactivity and economic and ecological acceptability, continued research efforts should focus on improving its broad applicability, including field conditions. Screening and identification of key target genes should be a priority task to achieve effective and sustainable management of this insect via RNAi. In addition, a clear understanding of the present status of RNAi utilization in S. frugiperda management is of paramount importance to improve its efficiency. Therefore, in this review, we highlight the biology of S. frugiperda and the RNAi mechanism as a foundation for the molecular management of the pest. Then, we discuss the current knowledge of the RNAi approach in S. frugiperda management and the factors affecting the efficiency of RNAi application. Finally, the prospects for RNAi-based insect pest management are highlighted for future research to achieve effective management of S. frugiperda.
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16
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Gao X, Zhang J, Wu P, Shu R, Zhang H, Qin Q, Meng Q. Conceptual framework for the insect metamorphosis from larvae to pupae by transcriptomic profiling, a case study of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). BMC Genomics 2022; 23:591. [PMID: 35963998 PMCID: PMC9375380 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08807-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insect metamorphosis from larvae to pupae is one of the most important stages of insect life history. Relatively comprehensive information related to gene transcription profiles during lepidopteran metamorphosis is required to understand the molecular mechanism underlying this important stage. We conducted transcriptional profiling of the brain and fat body of the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) during its transition from last instar larva into pupa to explore the physiological processes associated with different phases of metamorphosis. RESULTS During metamorphosis, the differences in gene expression patterns and the number of differentially expressed genes in the fat body were found to be greater than those in the brain. Each stage had a specific gene expression pattern, which contributed to different physiological changes. A decrease in juvenile hormone levels at the feeding stage is associated with increased expression levels of two genes (juvenile hormone esterase, juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase). The expression levels of neuropeptides were highly expressed at the feeding stage and the initiation of the wandering stage and less expressed at the prepupal stage and the initiation of the pupal stage. The transcription levels of many hormone (or neuropeptide) receptors were specifically increased at the initiation of the wandering stage in comparison with other stages. The expression levels of many autophagy-related genes in the fat body were found to be gradually upregulated during metamorphosis. The activation of apoptosis was probably related to enhanced expression of many key genes (Apaf1, IAP-binding motif 1 like, cathepsins, caspases). Active proliferation might be associated with enhanced expression levels in several factors (JNK pathway: jun-D; TGF-β pathway: decapentaplegic, glass bottom boat; insulin pathway: insulin-like peptides from the fat body; Wnt pathway: wntless, TCF/Pangolin). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed several vital physiological processes and molecular events of metamorphosis and provided valuable information for illustrating the process of insect metamorphosis from larvae to pupae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jihong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peipei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruihao Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qilian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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17
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Li X, Liu X, Lu W, Yin X, An S. Application progress of plant-mediated RNAi in pest control. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:963026. [PMID: 36003536 PMCID: PMC9393288 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.963026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi)-based biopesticides are novel biologic products, developed using RNAi principles. They are engineered to target genes of agricultural diseases, insects, and weeds, interfering with their target gene expression so as to hinder their growth and alleviate their damaging effects on crops. RNAi-based biopesticides are broadly classified into resistant plant-based plant-incorporated protectants (PIPs) and non-plant-incorporated protectants. PIP RNAi-based biopesticides are novel biopesticides that combine the advantages of RNAi and resistant transgenic crops. Such RNAi-based biopesticides are developed through nuclear or plastid transformation to breed resistant plants, i.e., dsRNA-expressing transgenic plants. The dsRNA of target genes is expressed in the plant cell, with pest and disease control being achieved through plant-target organism interactions. Here, we review the action mechanism and strategies of RNAi for pest management, the development of RNAi-based transgenic plant, and the current status and advantages of deploying these products for pest control, as well as the future research directions and problems in production and commercialization. Overall, this study aims to elucidate the current development status of RNAi-based biopesticides and provide guidelines for future research.
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18
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Kumari P, Jasrotia P, Kumar D, Kashyap PL, Kumar S, Mishra CN, Kumar S, Singh GP. Biotechnological Approaches for Host Plant Resistance to Insect Pests. Front Genet 2022; 13:914029. [PMID: 35719377 PMCID: PMC9201757 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.914029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Annually, the cost of insect pest control in agriculture crosses billions of dollars around the world. Until recently, broad-spectrum synthetic pesticides were considered as the most effective means of pest control in agriculture. However, over the years, the overreliance on pesticides has caused adverse effects on beneficial insects, human health and the environment, and has led to the development of pesticide resistant insects. There is a critical need for the development of alternative pest management strategies aiming for minimum use of pesticides and conservation of natural enemies for maintaining the ecological balance of the environment. Host plant resistance plays a vital role in integrated pest management but the development of insect-resistant varieties through conventional ways of host plant resistance takes time, and is challenging as it involves many quantitative traits positioned at various loci. Biotechnological approaches such as gene editing, gene transformation, marker-assisted selection etc. in this direction have recently opened up a new era of insect control options. These could contribute towards about exploring a much wider array of novel insecticidal genes that would otherwise be beyond the scope of conventional breeding. Biotechnological interventions can alter the gene expression level and pattern as well as the development of transgenic varieties with insecticidal genes and can improve pest management by providing access to novel molecules. This review will discuss the emerging biotechnological tools available to develop insect-resistant engineered crop genotypes with a better ability to resist the attack of insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Kumari
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
- CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Poonam Jasrotia
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Prem Lal Kashyap
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | | | - Sudheer Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
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Xu L, Yi SC, Li JY, Tong Y, Xie C, Zeng DQ, Tang WW. Itol A May Affect the Growth and Development of Spodoptera frugiperda through Hijacking JHBP and Impeding JH Transport. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:3151-3161. [PMID: 35239350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c08083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Isoryanodane and ryanodane diterpenes have a carbon skeleton correlation in structures, and their natural product-oxidized diterpenes show antifeedant and insecticidal activities against Hemiptera and Lepidoptera. While ryanodine mainly acts on the ryanodine receptor (RyR), isoryanodane does not. In this study, we demonstrated that itol A, an isoryanodane diterpenoid, could significantly downregulate the expression level of juvenile hormone-binding protein (JHBP), which plays a vital role in JH transport. RNAi bioassay indicated that silencing the Spodoptera frugipreda JHBP (SfJHBP) gene decreased itol A activity, which confirmed the developmental phenotypic observation. Parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) further confirmed that itol A affected JHBP's expression abundance. Although JHBP is not proven as the direct or only target of itol A, we confirmed that itol A's action effect depends largely on JHBP and that JHBP is a potential target of itol A. We present foundational evidence that itol A inhibits the growth and development of Spodoptera frugiperda mainly through hijacking JHBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Chi Yi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiu-Ying Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Tong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Qiang Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Wei Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
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20
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Ramkumar G, Asokan R, Prasannakumar NR, Kariyanna B, Karthi S, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Abdel-Megeed A, Ghaith A, Senthil-Nathan S, Kalaivani K, Hunter WB, Krutmuang P. RNA Interference Suppression of v-ATPase B and Juvenile Hormone Binding Protein Genes Through Topically Applied dsRNA on Tomato Leaves: Developing Biopesticides to Control the South American Pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Front Physiol 2021; 12:742871. [PMID: 34867448 PMCID: PMC8637209 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.742871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The South American pinworm Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Family: Gelechiidae) is one of the most devastating lepidopteran pests in the developing countries of South America, Africa, and Asia. This pest is classified as the most serious threat for tomato production worldwide. In the present study, we analyzed RNAi-mediated control through exogenously applied dsRNA delivery on tomato. The dsRNA treatments were made to target the juvenile hormone binding protein and the v-ATPase B. Both mRNA targets were cloned, validated by sequencing, and used to produce each dsRNA. After treatments the relative transcript expression was analyzed using qRTPCR to assess to efficacy of RNAi. A leaf-dip assay was used to provide late 2nd instar larvae three feeding access periods: 24, 48, and 72 h, to evaluate the effect of gene silencing of each target. Larvae were fed tomato leaves coated with five different RNAi concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 micrograms/centimeter-squared), that suppressed two genes (juvenile hormone protein, JHBP, and vacuolar-type adenosine triphosphatase enzyme, v-ATPase). Treatments with dsRNA showed a significant increase in mortality at 24, 48, and 72 h after ingestion (P < 0.01, α = 0.05), along with reduced leaf damage, and increased feeding deterrence. The results suggest that these two RNAi products may provide a suitable treatment for control of this and other lepidopteran pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindaraju Ramkumar
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ramasamy Asokan
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bengaluru, India
| | - N R Prasannakumar
- Division of Entomology and Nematology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bengaluru, India
| | - B Kariyanna
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sengodan Karthi
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Center for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Megeed
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Aml Ghaith
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Derna University, Derna, Libya
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Center for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Kandaswamy Kalaivani
- Post Graduate and Research Center, Department of Zoology, Sri Parasakthi College for Women, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Wayne Brian Hunter
- U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Fort Pierce, FL, United States
| | - Patcharin Krutmuang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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21
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Guo W, Guo M, Yang C, Liu Z, Chen S, Lü J, Qiu B, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Pan H. RNA interference-mediated silencing of vATPase subunits A and E affect survival and development of the 28-spotted ladybeetle, Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata. INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:1664-1676. [PMID: 33421334 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a powerful tool for developing novel management strategies for controlling insect pests. The 28-spotted ladybeetle, Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata is one of the most important pests attacking solanaceous plants in Asia. In this study, the potential of dietary RNAi to manage H. vigintioctopunctata was investigated using both in vitro synthesized and bacterially expressed double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) of HvvATPase A and HvvATPase E. The expression levels of HvvATPase A and HvvATPase E were higher in Malpighian tubules than in other tissue types. The silencing of HvvATPase A and HvvATPase E led to significant mortality in H. vigintioctopunctata larvae. In addition, the ingestion of HvvATPase A and HvvATPase E significantly deterred feeding behavior and subsequently arrested the development of H. vigintioctopunctata. Notably, the bacterially expressed dsRNAs consistently caused higher mortality in larvae and adults. Finally, the nontarget effects of the dsRNAs of H. vigintioctopunctata on the predatory ladybeetle Propylaea japonica were evaluated. P. japonica 1st instar larvae were administered vATPase A and vATPase E dsRNAs from H. vigintioctopunctata and P. japonica under the worst-case scenario, in which dsGFP served as negative control. There were significant effects of dsHvvATPase A on P. japonica at the transcriptional level but not at the organismal level, whereas dsHvvATPase E did not effect P. japonica at either the transcriptional or the organismal level. Collectively, the results of the study suggest that HvvATPase A and HvvATPase E can act as novel molecular targets for the control of H. vigintioctopunctata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Mujuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhuoqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shimin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jing Lü
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Baoli Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xuguo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Huipeng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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22
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Nitnavare RB, Bhattacharya J, Singh S, Kour A, Hawkesford MJ, Arora N. Next Generation dsRNA-Based Insect Control: Success So Far and Challenges. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:673576. [PMID: 34733295 PMCID: PMC8558349 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.673576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a method of gene silencing where dsRNA is digested into small interfering RNA (siRNA) in the presence of enzymes. These siRNAs then target homologous mRNA sequences aided by the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). The mechanism of dsRNA uptake has been well studied and established across many living organisms including insects. In insects, RNAi is a novel and potential tool to develop future pest management means targeting various classes of insects including dipterans, coleopterans, hemipterans, lepidopterans, hymenopterans and isopterans. However, the extent of RNAi in individual class varies due to underlying mechanisms. The present review focuses on three major insect classes viz hemipterans, lepidopterans and coleopterans and the rationale behind this lies in the fact that studies pertaining to RNAi has been extensively performed in these groups. Additionally, these classes harbour major agriculturally important pest species which require due attention. Interestingly, all the three classes exhibit varying levels of RNAi efficiencies with the coleopterans exhibiting maximum response, while hemipterans are relatively inefficient. Lepidopterans on the other hand, show minimum response to RNAi. This has been attributed to many facts and few important being endosomal escape, high activity dsRNA-specific nucleases, and highly alkaline gut environment which renders the dsRNA unstable. Various methods have been established to ensure safe delivery of dsRNA into the biological system of the insect. The most common method for dsRNA administration is supplementing the diet of insects via spraying onto leaves and other commonly eaten parts of the plant. This method is environment-friendly and superior to the hazardous effects of pesticides. Another method involves submergence of root systems in dsRNA solutions and subsequent uptake by the phloem. Additionally, more recent techniques are nanoparticle- and Agrobacterium-mediated delivery systems. However, due to the novelty of these biotechnological methods and recalcitrant nature of certain crops, further optimization is required. This review emphasizes on RNAi developments in agriculturally important insect species and the major hurdles for efficient RNAi in these groups. The review also discusses in detail the development of new techniques to enhance RNAi efficiency using liposomes and nanoparticles, transplastomics, microbial-mediated delivery and chemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul B. Nitnavare
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Joorie Bhattacharya
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Satnam Singh
- Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Regional Research Station, Faridkot, India
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Amardeep Kour
- Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Regional Research Station, Bathinda, India
| | | | - Naveen Arora
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Ludhiana, India
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23
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Chung SH, Bigham M, Lappe RR, Chan B, Nagalakshmi U, Whitham SA, Dinesh‐Kumar SP, Jander G. A sugarcane mosaic virus vector for rapid in planta screening of proteins that inhibit the growth of insect herbivores. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:1713-1724. [PMID: 33763921 PMCID: PMC8428830 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) is a notorious pest that threatens maize production worldwide. Current control measures involve the use of chemical insecticides and transgenic maize expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins. Although additional transgenes have confirmed insecticidal activity, limited research has been conducted in maize, at least partially due to the technical difficulty of maize transformation. Here, we describe implementation of a sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) vector for rapidly testing the efficacy of both endogenous maize genes and heterologous genes from other organisms for the control of S. frugiperda in maize. Four categories of proteins were tested using the SCMV vector: (i) maize defence signalling proteins: peptide elicitors (Pep1 and Pep3) and jasmonate acid conjugating enzymes (JAR1a and JAR1b); (ii) maize defensive proteins: the previously identified ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP2) and maize proteinase inhibitor (MPI), and two proteins with predicted but unconfirmed anti-insect activities, an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) and a lectin (JAC1); (iii) lectins from other plant species: Allium cepa agglutinin (ACA) and Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA); and (iv) scorpion and spider toxins: peptides from Urodacus yaschenkoi (UyCT3 and UyCT5) and Hadronyche versuta (Hvt). In most cases, S. frugiperda larval growth was reduced by transient SCMV-mediated overexpression of genes encoding these proteins. Additionally, experiments with a subset of the SCMV-expressed genes showed effectiveness against two aphid species, Rhopalosiphum maidis (corn leaf aphid) and Myzus persicae (green peach aphid). Together, these results demonstrate that SCMV vectors are a rapid screening method for testing the efficacy and insecticidal activity of candidate genes in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ryan R. Lappe
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
| | - Barry Chan
- Department of Plant Biology and The Genome CenterCollege of Biological SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA
| | - Ugrappa Nagalakshmi
- Department of Plant Biology and The Genome CenterCollege of Biological SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA
| | - Steven A. Whitham
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
| | - Savithramma P. Dinesh‐Kumar
- Department of Plant Biology and The Genome CenterCollege of Biological SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA
| | - Georg Jander
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant ResearchIthacaNYUSA
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24
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Hunter WB, Wintermantel WM. Optimizing Efficient RNAi-Mediated Control of Hemipteran Pests (Psyllids, Leafhoppers, Whitefly): Modified Pyrimidines in dsRNA Triggers. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091782. [PMID: 34579315 PMCID: PMC8472347 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The advantages from exogenously applied RNAi biopesticides have yet to be realized in through commercialization due to inconsistent activity of the dsRNA trigger, and the activity level of RNAi suppression. This has prompted research on improving delivery methods for applying exogenous dsRNA into plants and insects for the management of pests and pathogens. Another aspect to improve RNAi activity is the incorporation of modified 2′-F pyrimidine nucleotides into the dsRNA trigger. Modified dsRNA incorporating 32–55% of the 2′-F- nucleotides produced improved RNAi activity that increased insect mortality by 12–35% greater than non-modified dsRNA triggers of the same sequence. These results were repeatable across multiple Hemiptera: the Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri, Liviidae); whitefly (Bemisia tabaci, Aleyroididae); and the glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca vitripennis, Cicadellidae). Studies using siRNA with modified 2′-F- pyrimidines in mammalian cells show they improved resistance to degradation from nucleases, plus result in greater RNAi activity, due to increase concentrations and improved binding affinity to the mRNA target. Successful RNAi biopesticides of the future will be able to increase RNAi repeatability in the field, by incorporating modifications of the dsRNA, such as 2′-F- pyrimidines, that will improve delivery after applied to fruit trees or crop plants, with increased activity after ingestion by insects. Costs of RNA modification have decreased significantly over the past few years such that biopesticides can now compete on pricing with commercial chemical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Brian Hunter
- U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Subtropical Insects Res., Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - William M. Wintermantel
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Crop Improvement and Protection Research, Salinas, CA 93905, USA;
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25
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Karthik K, Negi J, Rathinam M, Saini N, Sreevathsa R. Exploitation of Novel Bt ICPs for the Management of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.): A Transgenic Approach. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:661212. [PMID: 33995323 PMCID: PMC8116509 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.661212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton is a commercial crop of global importance. The major threat challenging the productivity in cotton has been the lepidopteron insect pest Helicoverpa armigera or cotton bollworm which voraciously feeds on various plant parts. Biotechnological interventions to manage this herbivore have been a universally inevitable option. The advent of plant genetic engineering and exploitation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal crystal proteins (ICPs) marked the beginning of plant protection in cotton through transgenic technology. Despite phenomenal success and widespread acceptance, the fear of resistance development in insects has been a perennial concern. To address this issue, alternate strategies like introgression of a combination of cry protein genes and protein-engineered chimeric toxin genes came into practice. The utility of chimeric toxins produced by domain swapping, rearrangement of domains, and other strategies aid in toxins emerging with broad spectrum efficacy that facilitate the avoidance of resistance in insects toward cry toxins. The present study demonstrates the utility of two Bt ICPs, cry1AcF (produced by domain swapping) and cry2Aa (produced by codon modification) in transgenic cotton for the mitigation of H. armigera. Transgenics were developed in cotton cv. Pusa 8–6 by the exploitation of an apical meristem-targeted in planta transformation protocol. Stringent trait efficacy-based selective screening of T1 and T2 generation transgenic plants enabled the identification of plants resistant to H. armigera upon deliberate challenging. Evaluation of shortlisted events in T3 generation identified a total of nine superior transgenic events with both the genes (six with cry1AcF and three with cry2Aa). The transgenic plants depicted 80–100% larval mortality of H. armigera and 10–30% leaf damage. Molecular characterization of the shortlisted transgenics demonstrated stable integration, inheritance and expression of transgenes. The study is the first of its kind to utilise a non-tissue culture-based transformation strategy for the development of stable transgenics in cotton harbouring two novel genes, cry1AcF and cry2Aa for insect resistance. The identified transgenic events can be potential options toward the exploitation of unique cry genes for the management of the polyphagous insect pest H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kesiraju Karthik
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyotsana Negi
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Maniraj Rathinam
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Navinder Saini
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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26
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Chung SH, Feng H, Jander G. Engineering pest tolerance through plant-mediated RNA interference. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 60:102029. [PMID: 33639339 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Expression of insect-targeted RNA interference (RNAi) constructs in transgenic plants is a promising approach for agricultural pest control. Compared to conventional chemical insecticides, RNAi target specificity is high and the potential for negative environmental effects is low. However, although numerous laboratory studies show insect growth inhibition by double stranded RNA or artificial microRNA, few of these constructs have been moved into commercial application as genetically engineered plants. Variation in RNA degradation, uptake, processing, and systemic transport in insects can influence interspecific and intraspecific differences in RNAi efficacy and the development of resistance to RNAi in agricultural settings. Further research is needed, both to identify optimal gene targets for efficient RNAi in pest species and to reduce the potential for off-target effects in beneficial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Ho Chung
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Honglin Feng
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Georg Jander
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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27
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Lü J, Liu ZQ, Guo W, Guo MJ, Chen SM, Yang CX, Zhang YJ, Pan HP. Oral delivery of dsHvlwr is a feasible method for managing the pest Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:509-520. [PMID: 32240577 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) techniques have emerged as powerful tools that facilitate development of novel management strategies for insect pests, such as Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), which is a major pest of solanaceous plants in Asia. In this study, the potential of oral delivery of in vitro-synthesized and bacterially expressed double-stranded H. vigintioctopunctata lesswright (lwr) gene (dsHvlwr) to manage of H. vigintioctopunctata was investigated. Our results showed that the gene Hvlwr had a 480-bp open reading frame and encoded a 160-amino acid protein. Hvlwr expression levels were greater in the fat body than other tissue types. Hvlwr silencing led to greater H. vigintioctopunctata mortality rates and appeared to be time- and partially dose-dependent, likely as a result of the number of hemocytes increasing with dsRNA concentration, but decreasing with time. Bacterially expressed dsHvlwr that was applied to leaf discs caused 88%, 66%, and 36% mortality in 1st instars, 3rd instars, and adults after 10, 10, and 14 d, respectively; when applied to living plants, there was greater mortality in 1st and 3rd instars, but there was no effect on adults. Furthermore, dsHvlwr led to improved plant protection against H. vigintioctopunctata. Our study shows an effective dietary RNAi response in H. vigintioctopunctata and that Hvlwr is a promising RNAi target gene for control of this pest species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lü
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo-Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mu-Juan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Yang
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - You-Jun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Peng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Wei J, Yang S, Zhou S, Liu S, Cao P, Liu X, Du M, An S. Suppressing calcineurin activity increases the toxicity of Cry2Ab to Helicoverpa armigera. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:2142-2150. [PMID: 33336541 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive planting of transgenetic Bacillus thuringiensis crops has driven the evolution of pest resistance to Cry1Ac. Adjustment of cropping structures has promoted further outbreak of Helicoverpa armigera in China. To control this pest, a combination of pyramiding RNA interference (RNAi) and Cry2Ab is considered a promising strategy for countering cross-resistance and enhancing the toxicity of Cry2Ab to cotton bollworm. We explored the possibility of using calcineurin (CAN) as a target RNAi gene, because it is involved in cotton bollworm responses to the toxicity of Cry2Ab. RESULTS Cry2Ab treatment led to a significant increase in HaCAN mRNA level and HaCAN activity. Suppression of HaCAN activity due to RNAi-mediated knockdown of HaCAN increased the susceptibility of midgut cells to Cry2Ab. The increase in HaCAN activity shown by heterologous expression of HaCAN reduced the cytotoxicity of Cry2Ab to Sf9 cells. Moreover, ingestion of HaCAN-specific inhibitor FK506 increased the toxicity of Cry2Ab in larvae. Interestingly, HaCAN does not function as a Cry2Ab direct binding protein that participates in Cry2Ab toxicity. CONCLUSIONS The results in this study provide evidence that suppression of HaCAN not only affected the development of the cotton bollworm, but also enhanced the toxicity of Cry2Ab to the pest. HaCAN is therefore an important candidate gene in cotton bollworm that can be targeted for pest control when the pest infests RNAi+Cry2Ab crops. Meanwhile, the mechanism of action of HaCAN in Cry2Ab toxicity suggested that protein dephosphorylation was involved. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaokai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pei Cao
- Kaifeng Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengfang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiheng An
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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29
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Wei J, Yao X, Yang S, Liu S, Zhou S, Cen J, Liu X, Du M, Tang Q, An S. Suppression of Calcineurin Enhances the Toxicity of Cry1Ac to Helicoverpa armigera. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:634619. [PMID: 33643268 PMCID: PMC7904703 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.634619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal proteins has rapidly evolved with the expansion of the planting area of transgenic Bt crops. Pyramiding RNA interference (RNAi) and Bt in crops is urgently needed to counter the rapid increase in pest resistance. The ideal “pyramid” strategy simultaneously targets different action pathways that exert synergetic effects on each other. Here, we identified a dephosphatase, namely, Helicoverpa armigera calcineurin (HaCAN), which might enhance the insecticidal activity of Cry1Ac against Helicoverpa armigera by regulating immune gene expression via dephosphatase activity, but not by acting as a receptor. Notably, blocking enzyme activity or knocking down endogenous HaCAN significantly promoted the enhancement in Cry1Ac toxicity to insect larvae and cells. Correspondingly, the increase in HaCAN activity reduced the cytotoxicity of Cry1Ac as shown by the heterologous expression of HaCAN. Our results provide a probable that HaCAN is an important candidate gene for pyramiding RNAi and Cry1Ac crops to control cotton bollworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xue Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaokai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junjuan Cen
- Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Qixian, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengfang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingbo Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiheng An
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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30
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Liang S, Luo J, Alariqi M, Xu Z, Wang A, Zafar MN, Ren J, Wang F, Liu X, Xin Y, Xu H, Guo W, Wang Y, Ma W, Chen L, Lindsey K, Zhang X, Jin S. Silencing of a LIM gene in cotton exhibits enhanced resistance against Apolygus lucorum. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:5921-5936. [PMID: 33481281 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant bugs (Miridae species) have become major agricultural pests that cause increasing and severe economic damage. Plant-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) is emerging as an eco-friendly, efficient, and reliable strategy for pest management. In this study, we isolated and characterized a lethal gene of Apolygus lucorum and named it Apolygus lucorum LIM (AlLIM), which produced A. lucorum mortality rates ranging from 38% to 81%. Downregulation of the AlLIM gene expression in A. lucorum by injection of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) led to muscle structural disorganization that resulted in metamorphosis deficiency and increased mortality. Then we constructed a plant expression vector that enabled transgenic cotton to highly and stably express dsRNA of AlLIM (dsAlLIM) by Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. In the field bioassay, dsAlLIM transgenic cotton was protected from A. lucorum damage with high efficiency, with almost no detectable yield loss. Therefore, our study successfully provides a promising genetically modified strategy to overpower A. lucorum attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.,Academy of Industry innovation and Development, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, Henan, China
| | - Jing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muna Alariqi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongping Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Aoli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Naeem Zafar
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fuqiu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuefei Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanfeng Xin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haonan Xu
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weifeng Guo
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alaer, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yanqin Wang
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alaer, Xinjiang, China
| | - Weihua Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lizhen Chen
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Keith Lindsey
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuangxia Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Inner Workings: RNA-based pesticides aim to get around resistance problems. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:32823-32826. [PMID: 33298569 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2024033117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Zhang X, Zhang R, Li L, Yang Y, Ding Y, Guan H, Wang X, Zhang A, Wen H. Negligible transcriptome and metabolome alterations in RNAi insecticidal maize against Monolepta hieroglyphica. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2020; 39:1539-1547. [PMID: 32869121 PMCID: PMC7554010 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02582-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
RNAi-based genetically modified maize resistant to Monolepta hieroglyphica (Motschulsky) was demonstrated with negligible transcriptome and metabolome alterations compared to its unmodified equivalent. As one of the most prevalent insect pests afflicting various crops, Monolepta hieroglyphica (Motschulsky) causes severe loss of agricultural and economic productivity for many years in China. In an effort to reduce damages, in this study, an RNA interference (RNAi)-based genetically modified (GM) maize was developed. It was engineered to produce MhSnf7 double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), which can suppress the Snf7 gene expression and then lead M. hieroglyphica to death. Field trail analysis confirmed the robustly insecticidal ability of the MhSnf7 GM maize to resist damages by M. hieroglyphica. RNA sequencing analysis identified that only one gene was differentially expressed in the MhSnf7 GM maize compared to non-GM maize, indicating that the transcriptome in MhSnf7 GM maize is principally unaffected by the introduction of the MhSnf7 dsRNA expression vector. Likewise, metabolomics analysis identified that only 8 out of 5787 metabolites were significantly changed. Hence, the integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics demonstrates that there are negligible differences between MhSnf7 GM maize and its unmodified equivalent. This study not only presents a comprehensive assessment of cellular alteration in terms of gene transcription and metabolite abundance in RNAi-based GM maize, but also could be used as a reference for evaluating the unintended effect of GM crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhang
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Ruiying Zhang
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Liang Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yijia Ding
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Haitao Guan
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Aihong Zhang
- Beijing DaBeiNong Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Hongtao Wen
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.
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Current Insights on Vegetative Insecticidal Proteins (Vip) as Next Generation Pest Killers. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12080522. [PMID: 32823872 PMCID: PMC7472478 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12080522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram negative soil bacterium. This bacterium secretes various proteins during different growth phases with an insecticidal potential against many economically important crop pests. One of the important families of Bt proteins is vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), which are secreted into the growth medium during vegetative growth. There are three subfamilies of Vip proteins. Vip1 and Vip2 heterodimer toxins have an insecticidal activity against many Coleopteran and Hemipteran pests. Vip3, the most extensively studied family of Vip toxins, is effective against Lepidopteron. Vip proteins do not share homology in sequence and binding sites with Cry proteins, but share similarities at some points in their mechanism of action. Vip3 proteins are expressed as pyramids alongside Cry proteins in crops like maize and cotton, so as to control resistant pests and delay the evolution of resistance. Biotechnological- and in silico-based analyses are promising for the generation of mutant Vip proteins with an enhanced insecticidal activity and broader spectrum of target insects.
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Effect of substitutions of key residues on the stability and the insecticidal activity of Vip3Af from Bacillus thuringiensis. J Invertebr Pathol 2020; 186:107439. [PMID: 32663546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2020.107439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Modern agriculture demands for more sustainable agrochemicals to reduce the environmental and health impact. The whole process of the discovery and development of new active substances or control agents is sorely slow and expensive. Vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip3) from Bacillus thuringiensis are specific toxins against caterpillars with a potential capacity to broaden the range of target pests. Site-directed mutagenesis is one of the most approaches used to test hypotheses on the role of different amino acids on the structure and function of proteins. To gain a better understanding of the role of key amino acid residues of Vip3A proteins, we have generated 12 mutants of the Vip3Af1 protein by site-directed mutagenesis, distributed along the five structural domains of the protein. Ten of these mutants were successfully expressed and tested for stability and toxicity against three insect pests (Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis and Grapholita molesta). The results showed that, to render a wild type fragment pattern upon trypsin treatment, position 483 required an acidic residue, and position 552 an aromatic residue. Regarding toxicity, the change of Met34 to Lys34 significantly increased the toxicity of the protein for one of the three insect species tested (S. littoralis), whereas the other residue substitutions did not improve, or even decreased, insect toxicity, confirming their key role in the structure/function of the protein.
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Lü J, Guo M, Chen S, Noland JE, Guo W, Sang W, Qi Y, Qiu B, Zhang Y, Yang C, Pan H. Double-stranded RNA targeting vATPase B reveals a potential target for pest management of Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 165:104555. [PMID: 32359544 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of genetic based techniques, specifically RNA interference (RNAi), has emerged as a powerful tool in novel pest management strategies for pestiferous coleoptera. The 28-spotted ladybird beetle, Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, is a dynamic foliar pest of solenaceous plants, primarily potato plants, and has quickly become one of the most important pests attacking many crops in Asian countries. In this study, we demonstrate the efficacy of dietary RNAi targeting vATPase B, which led to significant gene silencing. Downstream effects of vATPase B silencing appeared to be both time- and partial dose-dependent. Our results indicate that silencing of vATPase B caused a significant decrease in survival rate, as well as reduced the food stuffs consumption and inhibited the overall development of H. vigintioctopunctata. Furthermore, results demonstrate expression of insect melanism related genes, TH and DDC, was significantly up regulated under the dsvATPase B (RNAi molecule designed against vATPase B) treatment. The impact of oral dsvATPase B delivery on the survival of 1st, 3rd instars, and adults was investigated through bacterially expressed dsRNA. The effectiveness of RNAi-based gene silencing in H. vigintioctopunctata provides a powerful reverse genetic tool for the functional annotation of its genes. This study demonstrates that vATPase B may represent a candidate gene for RNAi-based control of H. vigintioctopunctata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lü
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mujuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shimin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jeffrey Edward Noland
- The Andersons, Inc., Ethanol Group, The Andersons Marathon-Holdings, LLC. Logansport, Indiana 46947, USA
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wen Sang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yixiang Qi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Baoli Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Huipeng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Fu S, Liu Z, Chen J, Sun G, Jiang Y, Li M, Xiong L, Chen S, Zhou Y, Asad M, Yang G. Silencing arginine kinase/integrin β 1 subunit by transgenic plant expressing dsRNA inhibits the development and survival of Plutella xylostella. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:1761-1771. [PMID: 31785188 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plutella xylostella is a devastating agricultural insect pest of cruciferous plants, including crops. Plant-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) is currently being developed for plant protection. In this study, we investigated the response of P. xylostella exposed to transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants that expressed double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting P. xylostella genes of arginine kinase (PxAK) and integrin β1 subunit (Pxβ). RESULTS Transgenic plants producing dsRNAs of the 384-bp fragment of PxAK (dsAK plants), the 497-bp fragment of Pxβ (dsβ plants), and the 881 bp of the combination of both genes (dsAK-β plants) were generated and verified. Insect bioassay with these transgenic plants showed that the development of P. xylostella was affected, causing longer developmental time, and lower pupal weight and pupation rate. P. xylostella mortality rates were 25.0% when exposed to dsAK plants, 22.5% with dsβ plants, and 30.0% with dsAK-β plants, which were all higher than 7.5% for the wild-type plant. PxAK and Pxβ in P. xylostella were suppressed by 26.6-79.7% at the transcription level by the transgenic plants. CONCLUSION These results suggest that plant-mediated RNAi targeting single gene or both PxAK and Pxβ may have the potential to control P. xylostella. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pest Control, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhaoxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pest Control, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pest Control, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gengxiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pest Control, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingxia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pest Control, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Miaowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pest Control, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pest Control, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shaoping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pest Control, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pest Control, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Asad
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pest Control, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pest Control, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
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Abstract
The RNA interference (RNAi) triggered by short/small interfering RNA (siRNA) was discovered in nematodes and found to function in most living organisms. RNAi has been widely used as a research tool to study gene functions and has shown great potential for the development of novel pest management strategies. RNAi is highly efficient and systemic in coleopterans but highly variable or inefficient in many other insects. Differences in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) degradation, cellular uptake, inter- and intracellular transports, processing of dsRNA to siRNA, and RNA-induced silencing complex formation influence RNAi efficiency. The basic dsRNA delivery methods include microinjection, feeding, and soaking. To improve dsRNA delivery, various new technologies, including cationic liposome-assisted, nanoparticle-enabled, symbiont-mediated, and plant-mediated deliveries, have been developed. Major challenges to widespread use of RNAi in insect pest management include variable RNAi efficiency among insects, lack of reliable dsRNA delivery methods, off-target and nontarget effects, and potential development of resistance in insect populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yan Zhu
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA;
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA;
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Li Y, Hallerman EM, Wu K, Peng Y. Insect-Resistant Genetically Engineered Crops in China: Development, Application, and Prospects for Use. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 65:273-292. [PMID: 31594412 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-011019-025039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
With 20% of the world's population but just 7% of the arable land, China has invested heavily in crop biotechnology to increase agricultural productivity. We examine research on insect-resistant genetically engineered (IRGE) crops in China, including strategies to promote their sustainable use. IRGE cotton, rice, and corn lines have been developed and proven efficacious for controlling lepidopteran crop pests. Ecological impact studies have demonstrated conservation of natural enemies of crop pests and halo suppression of crop-pest populations on a local scale. Economic, social, and human health effects are largely positive and, in the case of Bt cotton, have proven sustainable over 20 years of commercial production. Wider adoption of IRGE crops in China is constrained by relatively limited innovation capacity, public misperception, and regulatory inaction, suggesting the need for further financial investment in innovation and greater scientific engagement with the public. The Chinese experience with Bt cotton might inform adoption of other Bt crops in China and other developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute for Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Eric M Hallerman
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Kongming Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute for Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Yufa Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute for Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
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Bento FM, Marques RN, Campana FB, Demétrio CG, Leandro RA, Parra JRP, Figueira A. Gene silencing by RNAi via oral delivery of dsRNA by bacteria in the South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:287-295. [PMID: 31207074 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA interference (RNAi) has been evaluated in several insect pests as a novel strategy to be included in integrated pest management. Lepidopterans are recognized to be recalcitrant to gene silencing by RNAi. As such, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) delivery needs to be adjusted to assure its stability until it reaches the target gene transcript for silencing. Gene silencing by RNAi offers the potential to be used in the control of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), one of the main insect pests of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) worldwide. Here, we tested the delivery of dsRNA expressed in Escherichia coli HT115(DE3) and supplied to larvae in an artificial diet by screening target genes for silencing. We tested six target genes: juvenile hormone inducible protein (JHP); juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase protein (JHEH); ecdysteroid 25-hydroxylase (PHM); chitin synthase A (CHI); carboxylesterase (COE); and arginine kinase (AK). RESULTS Based on larval mortality, the duration of the larval stage in days, pupal weight, and the accumulation of the target gene transcript, we demonstrated the efficacy of bacterial dsRNA delivery for the functional effects on larval development. Providing dsRNA targeted to JHP, CHI, COE and AK by bacteria led to a significant decrease in transcript accumulation and an increase in larval mortality. CONCLUSION Bacteria expressing dsRNA targeting essential T. absoluta genes supplied in artificial diet are efficient to screen RNAi target-genes. The oral delivery of dsRNA by bacteria is a novel potential alternative for the control of T. absoluta based on RNAi. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Mm Bento
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo N Marques
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, Brazil
| | - Felippe B Campana
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Clarice Gb Demétrio
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Roseli A Leandro
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - José Roberto P Parra
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Antonio Figueira
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Lü J, Liu Z, Guo W, Guo M, Chen S, Li H, Yang C, Zhang Y, Pan H. Feeding Delivery of dsHvSnf7 Is a Promising Method for Management of the Pest Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). INSECTS 2019; 11:insects11010034. [PMID: 31906124 PMCID: PMC7022289 DOI: 10.3390/insects11010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) techniques have emerged as powerful tools in the development of novel management strategies for the control of insect pests, such as Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, which is a major solanaceous pest in Asia. Our results showed that levels of HvSnf7 expression were greater in larval midguts than in other tissues. Silencing of HvSnf7 led to greater H. vigintioctopunctata mortality rates and appeared to be time- and partially dose-dependent. Bacterially expressed dsHvSnf7 that was applied to detached plant leaves caused 98, 88, and 60% mortality in 1st and 3rd instars, and adults after 10, 12, and 14 d, respectively; when applied to living plants, bacterially expressed dsHvSnf7 led to mortality in 1st and 3rd instars, with no effect on adults. Bacterially expressed dsHvSnf7 led to improved plant protection against H. vigintioctopunctata. Ultrastructural changes caused by HvSnf7-RNAi in larval midguts showed extensive loss of cellular contents that indicate loss of membrane integrity. This study indicate that HvSnf7 potentially can be used as RNAi target gene for controlling of H. vigintioctopunctata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lü
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.L.); (Z.L.); (W.G.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education and South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhuoqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.L.); (Z.L.); (W.G.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education and South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.L.); (Z.L.); (W.G.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education and South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mujuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.L.); (Z.L.); (W.G.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education and South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shimin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.L.); (Z.L.); (W.G.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education and South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huali Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (H.P.)
| | - Huipeng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.L.); (Z.L.); (W.G.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education and South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (H.P.)
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Goodfellow S, Zhang D, Wang MB, Zhang R. Bacterium-Mediated RNA Interference: Potential Application in Plant Protection. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E572. [PMID: 31817412 PMCID: PMC6963952 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
RNAi has emerged as a promising tool for targeting agricultural pests and pathogens and could provide an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional means of control. However, the deployment of this technology is still limited by a lack of suitable exogenous- or externally applied delivery mechanisms. Numerous means of overcoming this limitation are being explored. One such method, bacterium-mediated RNA interference, or bmRNAi, has been explored in other systems and shows great potential for application to agriculture. Here, we review the current state of bmRNAi, examine the technical limitations and possible improvements, and discuss its potential applications in crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Goodfellow
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Daai Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Ming-Bo Wang
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Ren Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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Chen FY, Chen XY, Mao YB. Heterogeneous signals in plant-biotic interactions and their applications. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 62:1707-1709. [PMID: 31782081 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1577-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yan Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Bo Mao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China.
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Zhang Y, Xu L, Li S, Zhang J. Bacteria-Mediated RNA Interference for Management of Plagiodera versicolora (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). INSECTS 2019; 10:insects10120415. [PMID: 31766384 PMCID: PMC6955681 DOI: 10.3390/insects10120415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a novel and feasible strategy for pest management. Methods for cost-effective production and stable delivery of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to the target insects are crucial for the wide application of RNAi for pest control. In this study, we tested the expression of dsRNA in RNaseIII-deficient Escherichia coli HT115 which was then fed to Plagiodera versicolora larvae, an insect pest of Salicaceae plants worldwide. By targeting six potential genes, including actin (ACT), signal recognition particle protein 54k (SRP54), heat shock protein 70 (HSC70), shibire (SHI), cactus (CACT), and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion attachment proteins (SNAP), we found that feeding bacteria-expressed dsRNA successfully triggered the silencing of the five target genes tested and the suppression of ACT and SRP54 genes caused significant mortality. Our results suggest that the oral delivery of bacteria-expressed dsRNA is a potential alternative for the control of P. versicolora, and that ACT and SRP54 genes are the potent targets.
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Wei J, Zhang Y, An S. The progress in insect cross-resistance among Bacillus thuringiensis toxins. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 102:e21547. [PMID: 30864250 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bt crop pyramids produce two or more Bt proteins active to broaden the spectrum of action and to delay the development of resistance in exposed insect populations. The cross-resistance between Bt toxins is a vital restriction factor for Bt crop pyramids, which may reduce the effect of pyramid strategy. In this review, the status of the cross-resistance among more than 20 Bt toxins that are most commonly used against 13 insect pests was analyzed. The potential mechanisms of cross-resistance are discussed. The corresponding measures, including pyramid RNA interference and Bt toxin, "high dose/refuge," and so on are advised to be taken for adopting the pyramided strategy to delay the Bt evolution of resistance and control the target pest insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Shiheng An
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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46
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Wang Y, Quan Y, Yang J, Shu C, Wang Z, Zhang J, Gatehouse AMR, Tabashnik BE, He K. Evolution of Asian Corn Borer Resistance to Bt Toxins Used Singly or in Pairs. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E461. [PMID: 31390820 PMCID: PMC6723947 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11080461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have revolutionized pest control, but the benefits of this approach have been reduced by the evolution of resistance in pests. The widely adopted 'pyramid strategy' for delaying resistance entails transgenic crops producing two or more distinct toxins that kill the same pest. The limited experimental evidence supporting this strategy comes primarily from a model system under ideal conditions. Here we tested the pyramid strategy under nearly worst-case conditions, including some cross-resistance between the toxins in the pyramid. In a laboratory selection experiment with an artificial diet, we used Bt toxins Cry1Ab, Cry1F, and Cry1Ie singly or in pairs against Ostrinia furnacalis, one of the most destructive pests of corn in Asia. Under the conditions evaluated, pairs of toxins did not consistently delay the evolution of resistance relative to single toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yudong Quan
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Yang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Changlong Shu
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhenying Wang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Angharad M R Gatehouse
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Bruce E Tabashnik
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Kanglai He
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Hou Q, Xu L, Liu G, Pang X, Wang X, Zhang Y, You M, Ni Z, Zhao Z, Liang R. Plant-mediated gene silencing of an essential olfactory-related Gqα gene enhances resistance to grain aphid in common wheat in greenhouse and field. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:1718-1725. [PMID: 30525312 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grain aphid (Sitobion avenae F.) is a dominant pest that limits cereal crop production around the globe. Gq proteins have important roles in signal transduction in insect olfaction. Plant-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) has been widely studied in insect control, but its application for the control wheat aphid in the field requires further study. Here, we used double-stranded (ds)RNA feeding to verify the potential of selected Gqα fragments for host-mediated RNAi, and then evaluated the effect of RNAi on aphid olfaction in transgenic wheat in the greenhouse and field. RESULTS Gqα gene was expressed in the aphid life cycle, and a 540 bp fragment shared 98.1% similarity with the reported sequence. dsGqα feeding reduced the expression of Gqα, and both reproduction and molting in the grain aphid. Feeding transgenic lines in the greenhouse downregulated expression of aphid Gqα, and significantly reduced reproduction and molting numbers. Furthermore, our field results indicate that transgenic lines have lower aphid numbers and higher 1000-grain weight than an unsprayed wild-type control. CONCLUSION Plant-mediated silencing of an essential olfactory-related Gqα gene could enhance resistance to grain aphid in common wheat in both the greenhouse and the field. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiling Hou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lanjie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Pang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingshan You
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangwu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongqi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Zhang W, Liang G, Ma L, Jiang T, Xiao H. Dissecting the Role of Juvenile Hormone Binding Protein in Response to Hormone and Starvation in the Cotton Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:1411-1417. [PMID: 30789202 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile hormone (JH) regulates many physiological processes in insect development, diapause, and reproduction. Juvenile hormone binding protein (JHBP), the carrier partner protein of JH, is essential for the balance of JH titer to regulate the metamorphosis and development of insect. In this study, two JHBP genes were identified from Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), namely HaJHBP1 and HaJHBP2. The tissue and temporal expression pattern revealed that both HaJHBP1 and HaJHBP2 were dominantly expressed in larval fat body, and their high transcription stages were detected in fourth and fifth instars. The ingestion of methoprene, a JH analogue, significantly induced the expression of HaJHBP1 and HaJHBP2. However, both HaJHBP1 and HaJHBP2 mRNA levels were significantly downregulated after treated with a JH antagonist, precocene. When subject to starvation, larvae showed a marked suppressive effect in the expression of HaJHBP1 and HaJHBP2. These results indicate that JHBP plays a part in the JH-regulated metabolism, growth, or development in reaction to different nutritional conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanna Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Gemei Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Long Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haijun Xiao
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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49
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Xiao Y, Wu K. Recent progress on the interaction between insects and Bacillus thuringiensis crops. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 374:20180316. [PMID: 30967027 PMCID: PMC6367150 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive use of chemical pesticides poses a great threat to the environment and food safety. The discovery of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins with effective insecticidal activity against pests and the development of transgenic technology of plants opened a new era of pest control. Transgenic Bt crops, including maize, cotton and soya bean, have now been produced and commercialized to protect against about 30 major coleopteran and lepidopteran pests, greatly benefiting the environment and the economy. However, with the long-term cultivation of Bt crops, some target pests have gradually developed resistance. Numerous studies have indicated that mutations in genes for toxins activation, toxin-binding and insect immunization are important sources in Bt resistance. An in-depth exploration of the corresponding Bt-resistance mechanisms will aid in the design of new strategies to prevent and control pests. Future research will focus on Bt crops expressing new genes and multiple genes to control a broader range of pests as part of an integrated pest management programme. This article is part of the theme issue 'Biotic signalling sheds light on smart pest management'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Xiao
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, People's Republic of China
| | - Kongming Wu
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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50
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Rodríguez-de la Noval C, Rodríguez-Cabrera L, Izquierdo L, Espinosa LA, Hernandez D, Ponce M, Moran-Bertot I, Tellez-Rodríguez P, Borras-Hidalgo O, Huang S, Kan Y, Wright DJ, Ayra-Pardo C. Functional expression of a peritrophin A-like SfPER protein is required for larval development in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Sci Rep 2019; 9:2630. [PMID: 30796291 PMCID: PMC6385298 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritrophins are associated with structural and functional integrity of peritrophic membranes (PM), structures composed of chitin and proteins. PM lines the insect midgut and has roles in digestion and protection from toxins. We report the full-length cDNA cloning, molecular characterization and functional analysis of SfPER, a novel PM peritrophin A protein, in Spodoptera frugiperda. The predicted amino acid sequence indicated SfPER's domain structure as a CMCMC-type, consisting of a signal peptide and three chitin-binding (C) domains with two intervening mucin-like (M) domains. Phylogenetic analysis determined a close relationship between SfPER and another S. frugiperda PM peritrophin partial sequence. SfPER transcripts were found in larvae and adults but were absent from eggs and pupae. Chitin affinity studies with a recombinant SfPER-C1 peritrophin A-type domain fused to SUMO/His-tag confirmed that SfPER binds to chitin. Western blots of S. frugiperda larval proteins detected different sized variants of SfPER along the PM, with larger variants found towards the posterior PM. In vivo suppression of SfPER expression did not affect susceptibility of larvae to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin, but significantly decreased pupal weight and adult emergence, possibly due to PM structural alterations impairing digestion. Our results suggest SfPER could be a novel target for insect control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Rodríguez-de la Noval
- Plant Division, Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, 10600, Cuba
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | | | - Laurent Izquierdo
- Plant Division, Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, 10600, Cuba
| | - Luis A Espinosa
- Analytical Unit Division, Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, 10600, Cuba
| | - Daily Hernandez
- Plant Division, Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, 10600, Cuba
| | - Milagro Ponce
- Plant Division, Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, 10600, Cuba
| | - Ivis Moran-Bertot
- Plant Division, Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, 10600, Cuba
| | - Pilar Tellez-Rodríguez
- Plant Division, Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, 10600, Cuba
| | - Orlando Borras-Hidalgo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Qi Lu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Siliang Huang
- China-UK, NYNU-RRES Joint Insect Biology Laboratory, Nanyang Normal University, Henan, 473061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunchao Kan
- China-UK, NYNU-RRES Joint Insect Biology Laboratory, Nanyang Normal University, Henan, 473061, People's Republic of China
| | - Denis J Wright
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park campus, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Camilo Ayra-Pardo
- China-UK, NYNU-RRES Joint Insect Biology Laboratory, Nanyang Normal University, Henan, 473061, People's Republic of China.
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