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He L, Wu L, Li J. Sulfated peptides and their receptors: Key regulators of plant development and stress adaptation. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100918. [PMID: 38600699 PMCID: PMC11211552 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Four distinct types of sulfated peptides have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. These peptides play crucial roles in regulating plant development and stress adaptation. Recent studies have revealed that Xanthomonas and Meloidogyne can secrete plant-like sulfated peptides, exploiting the plant sulfated peptide signaling pathway to suppress plant immunity. Over the past three decades, receptors for these four types of sulfated peptides have been identified, all of which belong to the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase subfamily. A number of regulatory proteins have been demonstrated to play important roles in their corresponding signal transduction pathways. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the discoveries of sulfated peptides and their receptors, mainly in Arabidopsis thaliana. We also discuss their known biological functions in plant development and stress adaptation. Finally, we put forward a number of questions for reference in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Liangfan Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jia Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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2
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Del Corpo D, Coculo D, Greco M, De Lorenzo G, Lionetti V. Pull the fuzes: Processing protein precursors to generate apoplastic danger signals for triggering plant immunity. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024:100931. [PMID: 38689495 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The apoplast is one of the first cellular compartments outside the plasma membrane encountered by phytopathogenic microbes in the early stages of plant tissue invasion. Plants have developed sophisticated surveillance mechanisms to sense danger events at the cell surface and promptly activate immunity. However, a fine tuning of the activation of immune pathways is necessary to mount a robust and effective defense response. Several endogenous proteins and enzymes are synthesized as inactive precursors, and their post-translational processing has emerged as a critical mechanism for triggering alarms in the apoplast. In this review, we focus on the precursors of phytocytokines, cell wall remodeling enzymes, and proteases. The physiological events that convert inactive precursors into immunomodulatory active peptides or enzymes are described. This review also explores the functional synergies among phytocytokines, cell wall damage-associated molecular patterns, and remodeling, highlighting their roles in boosting extracellular immunity and reinforcing defenses against pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Del Corpo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Coculo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Greco
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia De Lorenzo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lionetti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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3
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Jiang Y, Yue Y, Wang Z, Lu C, Yin Z, Li Y, Ding X. Plant Biostimulant as an Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Modern Agriculture. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:5107-5121. [PMID: 38428019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Ensuring the safety of crop production presents a significant challenge to humanity. Pesticides and fertilizers are commonly used to eliminate external interference and provide nutrients, enabling crops to sustain growth and defense. However, the addition of chemical substances does not meet the environmental standards required for agricultural production. Recently, natural sources such as biostimulants have been found to help plants with growth and defense. The development of biostimulants provides new solutions for agricultural product safety and has become a widely utilized tool in agricultural. The review summarizes the classification of biostimulants, including humic-based biostimulant, protein-based biostimulant, oligosaccharide-based biostimulant, metabolites-based biostimulants, inorganic substance, and microbial inoculant. This review attempts to summarize suitable alternative technology that can address the problems and analyze the current state of biostimulants, summarizes the research mechanisms, and anticipates future technological developments and market trends, which provides comprehensive information for researchers to develop biostimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanke Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yingzhe Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zhaoxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Chongchong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Ziyi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xinhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, Shandong 271018, China
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Xu G, Cheng Y, Wang X, Dai Z, Kang Z, Ye Z, Pan Y, Zhou L, Xie D, Sun J. Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphic Loci and Candidate Genes for Seed Germination Percentage in Okra under Salt and No-Salt Stresses by Genome-Wide Association Study. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:588. [PMID: 38475435 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Excessive soil salinity is a major stressor inhibiting crops' growth, development, and yield. Seed germination is a critical stage of crop growth and development, as well as one of the most salt-sensitive stages. Salt stress has a significant inhibitory effect on seed germination. Okra is a nutritious vegetable, but its seed germination percentage (GP) is low, whether under salt stress conditions or suitable conditions. In this study, we used 180 okra accessions and conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on the germination percentage using 20,133,859 single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers under 0 (CK, diluted water), 70 (treatment 1, T1), and 140 mmol/L (treatment 2, T2) NaCl conditions. Using the mixed linear model (MLM) in Efficient Mixed-model Association eXpedated (EMMAX) and Genome-wide Efficient Mixed Model Association (GEMMA) software, 511 SNP loci were significantly associated during germination, of which 167 SNP loci were detected simultaneously by both programs. Among the 167 SNPs, SNP2619493 on chromosome 59 and SNP2692266 on chromosome 44 were detected simultaneously under the CK, T1, and T2 conditions, and were key SNP loci regulating the GP of okra seeds. Linkage disequilibrium block analysis revealed that nsSNP2626294 (C/T) in Ae59G004900 was near SNP2619493, and the amino acid changes caused by nsSNP2626294 led to an increase in the phenotypic values in some okra accessions. There was an nsSNP2688406 (A/G) in Ae44G005470 near SNP2692266, and the amino acid change caused by nsSNP2688406 led to a decrease in phenotypic values in some okra accessions. These results indicate that Ae59G004900 and Ae44G005470 regulate the GP of okra seeds under salt and no-salt stresses. The gene expression analysis further demonstrated these results. The SNP markers and genes that were identified in this study will provide reference for further research on the GP of okra, as well as new genetic markers and candidate genes for cultivating new okra varieties with high GPs under salt and no-salt stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaowen Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yujing Cheng
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Wang
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Zhigang Dai
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Zepei Kang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Zhichao Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yangyang Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Linkang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Dongwei Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
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Liu M, Zhang Y, Shaw RK, Zhang X, Li J, Li L, Li S, Adnan M, Jiang F, Bi Y, Yin X, Fan X. Genome-Wide Association Study and Prediction of Tassel Weight of Tropical Maize Germplasm in Multi-Parent Population. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1756. [PMID: 38339032 PMCID: PMC10855296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tassel weight (TW) is a crucial agronomic trait that significantly affects pollen supply and grain yield development in maize breeding. To improve maize yield and develop new varieties, a comprehensive understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying tassel weight is essential. In this study, tropical maize inbred lines, namely CML312, CML373, CML444, and YML46, were selected as female parents and crossed with the elite maize inbred line Ye107, which served as the common male parent, to develop a multi-parent population comprising four F8 recombinant inbred line (RIL) subpopulations. Using 6616 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, we conducted genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) and genomic selection (GS) on 642 F8 RILs in four subpopulations across three different environments. Through GWAS, we identified 16 SNPs that were significantly associated with TW, encompassing two stable loci expressed across multiple environments. Furthermore, within the candidate regions of these SNPs, we discovered four novel candidate genes related to TW, namely Zm00001d044362, Zm00001d011048, Zm00001d011049, and Zm00001d031173 distributed on chromosomes 1, 3, and 8, which have not been previously reported. These genes are involved in processes such as signal transduction, growth and development, protein splicing, and pollen development, all of which play crucial roles in inflorescence meristem development, directly affecting TW. The co-localized SNP, S8_137379725, on chromosome 8 was situated within a 16.569 kb long terminal repeat retrotransposon (LTR-RT), located 22.819 kb upstream and 26.428 kb downstream of the candidate genes (Zm00001d011048 and Zm00001d011049). When comparing three distinct GS models, the BayesB model demonstrated the highest accuracy in predicting TW. This study establishes the theoretical foundation for future research into the genetic mechanisms underlying maize TW and the efficient breeding of high-yielding varieties with desired tassel weight through GS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichen Liu
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (M.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (L.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Yudong Zhang
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China; (Y.Z.); (R.K.S.); (M.A.); (F.J.); (Y.B.); (X.Y.)
| | - Ranjan K. Shaw
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China; (Y.Z.); (R.K.S.); (M.A.); (F.J.); (Y.B.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xingjie Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (M.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (L.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Jinfeng Li
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (M.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (L.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Linzhuo Li
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (M.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (L.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Shaoxiong Li
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (M.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (L.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China; (Y.Z.); (R.K.S.); (M.A.); (F.J.); (Y.B.); (X.Y.)
| | - Fuyan Jiang
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China; (Y.Z.); (R.K.S.); (M.A.); (F.J.); (Y.B.); (X.Y.)
| | - Yaqi Bi
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China; (Y.Z.); (R.K.S.); (M.A.); (F.J.); (Y.B.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xingfu Yin
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China; (Y.Z.); (R.K.S.); (M.A.); (F.J.); (Y.B.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xingming Fan
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China; (Y.Z.); (R.K.S.); (M.A.); (F.J.); (Y.B.); (X.Y.)
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Li Y, Di Q, Luo L, Yu L. Phytosulfokine peptides, their receptors, and functions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1326964. [PMID: 38250441 PMCID: PMC10796568 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1326964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Phytosulfokines (PSKs) are a class of disulfated pentapeptides and are regarded as plant peptide hormones. PSK-α, -γ, -δ, and -ϵ are four bioactive PSKs that are reported to have roles in plant growth, development, and immunity. In this review, we summarize recent advances in PSK biosynthesis, signaling, and function. PSKs are encoded by precursor genes that are widespread in higher plants. PSKs maturation from these precursors requires a sulfation step, which is catalyzed by a tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase, as well as proteolytic cleavage by subtilisin serine proteases. PSK signaling is mediated by plasma membrane-localized receptors PSKRs that belong to the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase family. Moreover, multiple biological functions can be attributed to PSKs, including promoting cell division and cell growth, regulating plant reproduction, inducing somatic embryogenesis, enhancing legume nodulation, and regulating plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. Finally, we propose several research directions in this field. This review provides important insights into PSKs that will facilitate biotechnological development and PSK application in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Di
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangliang Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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7
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Ribeiro C, de Melo BP, Lourenço-Tessutti IT, Ballesteros HF, Ribeiro KVG, Menuet K, Heyman J, Hemerly A, de Sá MFG, De Veylder L, de Almeida Engler J. The regeneration conferring transcription factor complex ERF115-PAT1 coordinates a wound-induced response in root-knot nematode induced galls. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:878-895. [PMID: 38044565 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of root-knot nematode (RKN; Meloidogyne spp.) induced galls in the plant host roots likely involves a wound-induced regeneration response. Confocal imaging demonstrates physical stress or injury caused by RKN infection during parasitism in the model host Arabidopsis thaliana. The ERF115-PAT1 heterodimeric transcription factor complex plays a recognized role in wound-induced regeneration. ERF115 and PAT1 expression flanks injured gall cells likely driving mechanisms of wound healing, implying a local reactivation of cell division which is also hypothetically involved in gall genesis. Herein, functional investigation revealed that ectopic ERF115 expression resulted in premature induction of galls, and callus formation adjacent to the expanding female RKN was seen upon PAT1 upregulation. Smaller galls and less reproduction were observed in ERF115 and PAT1 knockouts. Investigation of components in the ERF115 network upon overexpression and knockdown by qRT-PCR suggests it contributes to steer gall wound-sensing and subsequent competence for tissue regeneration. High expression of CYCD6;1 was detected in galls, and WIND1 overexpression resulted in similar ERF115OE gall phenotypes, also showing faster gall induction. Along these lines, we show that the ERF115-PAT1 complex likely coordinates stress signalling with tissue healing, keeping the gall functional until maturation and nematode reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleberson Ribeiro
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, 06903, France
- Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Paes de Melo
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, 06903, France
- Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, 70297-400, Brazil
| | - Isabela Tristan Lourenço-Tessutti
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, 06903, France
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, 70297-400, Brazil
| | - Helkin Forero Ballesteros
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, 06903, France
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21491-902, Brazil
| | - Karla Veloso Gonçalves Ribeiro
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, 06903, France
- Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Killian Menuet
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, 06903, France
| | - Jefri Heyman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Adriana Hemerly
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21491-902, Brazil
| | | | - Lieven De Veylder
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
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Feng YZ, Zhu QF, Xue J, Chen P, Yu Y. Shining in the dark: the big world of small peptides in plants. ABIOTECH 2023; 4:238-256. [PMID: 37970469 PMCID: PMC10638237 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-023-00100-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Small peptides represent a subset of dark matter in plant proteomes. Through differential expression patterns and modes of action, small peptides act as important regulators of plant growth and development. Over the past 20 years, many small peptides have been identified due to technical advances in genome sequencing, bioinformatics, and chemical biology. In this article, we summarize the classification of plant small peptides and experimental strategies used to identify them as well as their potential use in agronomic breeding. We review the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of small peptides in plants, discuss current problems in small peptide research and highlight future research directions in this field. Our review provides crucial insight into small peptides in plants and will contribute to a better understanding of their potential roles in biotechnology and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Zhao Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Qing-Feng Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Jiao Xue
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Pei Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Yang Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China
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9
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Hu Z, Fang H, Zhu C, Gu S, Ding S, Yu J, Shi K. Ubiquitylation of PHYTOSULFOKINE RECEPTOR 1 modulates the defense response in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:2507-2522. [PMID: 36946197 PMCID: PMC10315268 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phytosulfokine (PSK) is a danger-associated molecular pattern recognized by PHYTOSULFOKINE RECEPTOR 1 (PSKR1) and initiates intercellular signaling to coordinate different physiological processes, especially in the defense response to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea. The activity of peptide receptors is largely influenced by different posttranslational modifications, which determine intercellular peptide signal outputs. To date, the posttranslational modification to PHYTOSULFOKINE RECEPTOR 1 (PSKR1) remains largely unknown. Here, we show that tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) PSKR1 is regulated by the ubiquitin/proteasome degradation pathway. Using multiple protein-protein interactions and ubiquitylation analyses, we identified that plant U-box E3 ligases PUB12 and PUB13 interacted with PSKR1, among which PUB13 caused PSKR1 ubiquitylation at Lys-748 and Lys-905 sites to control PSKR1 abundance. However, this posttranslational modification was attenuated upon addition of PSK. Moreover, the disease symptoms observed in PUB13 knock-down and overexpression lines demonstrated that PUB13 significantly suppressed the PSK-initiated defense response. This highlights an important regulatory function for the turnover of a peptide receptor by E3 ligase-mediated ubiquitylation in the plant defense response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjian Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Hanmo Fang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changan Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shaohan Gu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuting Ding
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
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10
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Ding S, Lv J, Hu Z, Wang J, Wang P, Yu J, Foyer CH, Shi K. Phytosulfokine peptide optimizes plant growth and defense via glutamine synthetase GS2 phosphorylation in tomato. EMBO J 2023; 42:e111858. [PMID: 36562188 PMCID: PMC10015362 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytosulfokine (PSK) is a plant pentapeptide hormone that fulfills a wide range of functions. Although PSK has frequently been reported to function in the inverse regulation of growth and defense in response to (hemi)biotrophic pathogens, the mechanisms involved remain largely unknown. Using the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 pathogen system, we present compelling evidence that the PSK receptor PSKR1 interacts with the calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK28, which in turn phosphorylates the key enzyme of nitrogen assimilation glutamine synthetase GS2 at two sites (Serine-334 and Serine-360). GS2 phosphorylation at S334 specifically regulates plant defense, whereas S360 regulates growth, uncoupling the PSK-induced effects on defense responses and growth regulation. The discovery of these sites will inform breeding strategies designed to optimize the growth-defense balance in a compatible manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Ding
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jianrong Lv
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zhangjian Hu
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Hainan Institute, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology CityZhejiang UniversitySanyaChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and DevelopmentMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHangzhouChina
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Hainan Institute, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology CityZhejiang UniversitySanyaChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and DevelopmentMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHangzhouChina
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11
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Noureddine Y, Mejias J, da Rocha M, Thomine S, Quentin M, Abad P, Favery B, Jaubert-Possamai S. Copper microRNAs modulate the formation of giant feeding cells induced by the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:283-295. [PMID: 35801827 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are root endoparasites that induce the dedifferentiation of a few root cells and the reprogramming of their gene expression to generate giant hypermetabolic feeding cells. We identified two microRNA families, miR408 and miR398, as upregulated in Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum lycopersicum roots infected by RKNs. In plants, the expression of these two conserved microRNA families is known to be activated by the SPL7 transcription factor in response to copper starvation. By combining functional approaches, we deciphered the network involving these microRNAs, their regulator and their targets. MIR408 expression was located within nematode-induced feeding cells like its regulator SPL7 and was regulated by copper. Moreover, infection assays with mir408 and spl7 knockout mutants or lines expressing targets rendered resistant to cleavage by miR398 demonstrated the essential role of the SPL7/MIR408/MIR398 module in the formation of giant feeding cells. Our findings reveal how perturbation of plant copper homeostasis, via the SPL7/MIR408/MIR398 module, modulates the development of nematode-induced feeding cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Noureddine
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, F-06903, France
| | - Joffrey Mejias
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, F-06903, France
| | - Martine da Rocha
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, F-06903, France
| | - Sébastien Thomine
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), UMR9198 CNRS/CEA/Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michaël Quentin
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, F-06903, France
| | - Pierre Abad
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, F-06903, France
| | - Bruno Favery
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, F-06903, France
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12
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Hou S, Liu D, He P. Phytocytokines function as immunological modulators of plant immunity. STRESS BIOLOGY 2021; 1:8. [PMID: 34806087 PMCID: PMC8591736 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-021-00009-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Plant plasma membrane-resident immune receptors regulate plant immunity by recognizing microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and phytocytokines. Phytocytokines are plant endogenous peptides, which are usually produced in the cytosol and released into the apoplast when plant encounters pathogen infections. Phytocytokines regulate plant immunity through activating an overlapping signaling pathway with MAMPs/DAMPs with some unique features. Here, we highlight the current understanding of phytocytokine production, perception and functions in plant immunity, and discuss how plants and pathogens manipulate phytocytokine signaling for their own benefits during the plant-pathogen warfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguo Hou
- School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Derui Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Ping He
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
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13
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Kaufmann C, Stührwohldt N, Sauter M. Tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase-dependent and -independent regulation of root development and signaling by PSK LRR receptor kinases in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:5508-5521. [PMID: 34028532 PMCID: PMC8318253 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine-sulfated peptides are key regulators of plant growth and development. The disulfated pentapeptide phytosulfokine (PSK) mediates growth via leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases, PSKR1 and PSKR2. PSK receptors (PSKRs) are part of a response module at the plasma membrane that mediates short-term growth responses, but downstream signaling of transcriptional regulation remains unexplored. In Arabidopsis, tyrosine sulfation is catalyzed by a single-copy gene (TPST; encoding tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase). We performed a microarray-based transcriptome analysis in the tpst-1 mutant background that lacks sulfated peptides to identify PSK-regulated genes and genes that are regulated by other sulfated peptides. Of the 169 PSK-regulated genes, several had functions in root growth and development, in agreement with shorter roots and a higher lateral root density in tpst-1. Further, tpst-1 roots developed higher numbers of root hairs, and PSK induced expression of WEREWOLF (WER), its paralog MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 23 (MYB23), and At1g66800 that maintain non-hair cell fate. The tpst-1 pskr1-3 pskr2-1 mutant showed even shorter roots, and higher lateral root and root hair density than tpst-1, revealing unexpected synergistic effects of ligand and PSKR deficiencies. While residual activities may exist, overexpression of PSKR1 in the tpst-1 background induced root growth, suggesting that PSKR1 may be active in the absence of sulfated ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kaufmann
- Plant Developmental Biology and Physiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nils Stührwohldt
- Plant Developmental Biology and Physiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Margret Sauter
- Plant Developmental Biology and Physiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Correspondence:
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14
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Stührwohldt N, Bühler E, Sauter M, Schaller A. Phytosulfokine (PSK) precursor processing by subtilase SBT3.8 and PSK signaling improve drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:3427-3440. [PMID: 33471900 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Increasing drought stress poses a severe threat to agricultural productivity. Plants, however, have evolved numerous mechanisms to cope with such environmental stress. Here we report that the stress-induced production of a peptide signal contributes to stress tolerance. The expression of phytosulfokine (PSK) peptide precursor genes, and transcripts of three subtilisin-like serine proteases, SBT1.4, SBT3.7, and SBT3.8, were found to be up-regulated in response to osmotic stress. Stress symptoms were more pronounced in sbt3.8 loss-of-function mutants and could be alleviated by PSK treatment. Osmotic stress tolerance was improved in plants overexpressing the PSK1 precursor (proPSK1) or SBT3.8, resulting in higher fresh weight and improved lateral root development in transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants. We further showed that SBT3.8 is involved in the biogenesis of the bioactive PSK peptide. ProPSK1 was cleaved by SBT3.8 at the C-terminus of the PSK pentapeptide. Processing by SBT3.8 depended on the aspartic acid residue directly following the cleavage site. ProPSK1 processing was impaired in the sbt3.8 mutant. The data suggest that increased expression of proPSK1 in response to osmotic stress followed by the post-translational processing of proPSK1 by SBT3.8 leads to the production of PSK as a peptide signal for stress mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Stührwohldt
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Eric Bühler
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Margret Sauter
- Plant Developmental Biology and Physiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Schaller
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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15
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Zhao J, Mejias J, Quentin M, Chen Y, de Almeida-Engler J, Mao Z, Sun Q, Liu Q, Xie B, Abad P, Favery B, Jian H. The root-knot nematode effector MiPDI1 targets a stress-associated protein (SAP) to establish disease in Solanaceae and Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:1417-1430. [PMID: 32542658 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of effectors are secreted by the oesophageal glands of plant-parasitic nematodes, but their molecular mode of action remains largely unknown. We characterized a Meloidogyne incognita protein disulphide isomerase (PDI)-like effector protein (MiPDI1) that facilitates nematode parasitism. In situ hybridization showed that MiPDI1 was expressed specifically in the subventral glands of M. incognita. It was significantly upregulated during parasitic stages. Immunolocalization demonstrated MiPDI1 secretion in planta during nematode migration and within the feeding cells. Host-induced silencing of the MiPDI1 gene affected the ability of the nematode to infect the host, whereas MiPDI1 expression in Arabidopsis increased susceptibility to M. incognita, providing evidence for a key role of MiPDI1 in M. incognita parasitism. Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that MiPDI1 interacted with a tomato stress-associated protein (SlSAP12) orthologous to the redox-regulated AtSAP12, which plays an important role in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. SAP12 silencing or knocking out in Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis increased susceptibility to M. incognita. Our results suggest that MiPDI1 acts as a pathogenicity factor promoting disease by fine-tuning SAP-mediated responses at the interface of redox signalling, defence and stress acclimation in Solanaceae and Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology and Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081, China
- INRAE, CNRS, ISA, Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, F-06903, France
| | - Joffrey Mejias
- INRAE, CNRS, ISA, Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, F-06903, France
| | - Michaël Quentin
- INRAE, CNRS, ISA, Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, F-06903, France
| | - Yongpan Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- INRAE, CNRS, ISA, Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, F-06903, France
| | | | - Zhenchuan Mao
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qinghua Sun
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bingyan Xie
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Pierre Abad
- INRAE, CNRS, ISA, Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, F-06903, France
| | - Bruno Favery
- INRAE, CNRS, ISA, Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, F-06903, France
| | - Heng Jian
- Department of Plant Pathology and Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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16
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Lypka M, Shah K, Jones J. Prosthetic temporomandibular joint reconstruction in a cohort of adolescent females with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2020; 18:68. [PMID: 32887620 PMCID: PMC7487714 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-020-00453-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis and involvement is commonly seen in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). Therapy includes conservative measures, but also includes intraarticular corticosteroid injections (IASI) and systemic immunosuppressive therapy. Despite aggressive medical therapy, some patients develop arthritic changes and frank TMJ ankylosis that can result in persistent pain and limitation in range of motion (ROM). A surgical option is prosthetic TMJ replacement with concurrent correction of dentofacial deformities, which can be performed simultaneously. The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of prosthetic TMJ replacement in a cohort of adolescent females with JIA and severe TMJ involvement. METHODS This is a retrospective case series that took place at one tertiary care center. Patients with a diagnosis of JIA who also underwent alloplastic TMJ replacement were identified through electronic medical record system (EMR) and reviewed. Chart review included analysis of all documents in the EMR, including demographic data, JIA history, surgical complications, ROM of TMJ measured by maximal incisal opening in millimeters (mm) and TMJ pain scores (4-point Likert scale: none, mild, moderate, severe) obtained pre- and postoperatively. RESULTS Five female patients, ages 15-17 year when TMJ replacement was performed, had nine total joints replaced with a post-operative follow-up period of 12-30 months. All patients had polyarticular, seronegative JIA and were treated with IASI and multiple immunosuppressive therapies without resolution of TMJ symptoms. One patient had bilateral TMJ ankylosis. Three of the five patients demonstrated significant dentofacial deformities, and all underwent simultaneous or staged orthognathic surgery. All patients had improvement in TMJ pain with most (80%) reporting no pain, and all had similar or improved ROM of their TMJ postoperatively. There was one delayed postoperative infection with Cutibacterium Acnes that presented 15 months after surgery and required removal and reimplantation of prosthesis. CONCLUSION The sequelae of TMJ arthritis and involvement from JIA in the adolescent population can be difficult to treat. Current medical therapy can be successful, however, in select cases that develop chronic changes in the TMJ despite extensive medical therapy, early results show that prosthetic joint replacement maybe a reasonable surgical option. With prosthetic joint replacement pain levels were reduced and range of motion was maintained or improved for all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lypka
- Division of Plastic and Craniofacial Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA. .,University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, 2411 Holmes Street, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
| | - Karina Shah
- grid.266756.60000 0001 2179 926XUniversity of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, 2411 Holmes Street, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA
| | - Jordan Jones
- grid.266756.60000 0001 2179 926XUniversity of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, 2411 Holmes Street, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA ,grid.239559.10000 0004 0415 5050Division of Rheumatology, Children’s Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA
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17
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Favery B, Dubreuil G, Chen MS, Giron D, Abad P. Gall-Inducing Parasites: Convergent and Conserved Strategies of Plant Manipulation by Insects and Nematodes. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2020; 58:1-22. [PMID: 32853101 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Gall-inducing insects and nematodes engage in sophisticated interactions with their host plants. These parasites can induce major morphological and physiological changes in host roots, leaves, and other tissues. Sedentary endoparasitic nematodes, root-knot and cyst nematodes in particular, as well as gall-inducing and leaf-mining insects, manipulate plant development to form unique organs that provide them with food from feeding cells. Sometimes, infected tissues may undergo a developmental switch resulting in the formation of aberrant and spectacular structures (clubs or galls). We describe here the complex interactions between these plant-reprogramming sedentary endoparasites and their infected hosts, focusing on similarities between strategies of plant manipulation. We highlight progress in our understanding of the host plant response to infection and focus on the nematode and insect molecules secreted in planta. We suggest thatlooking at similarities may identify convergent and conserved strategies and shed light on the promise they hold for the development of new management strategies in agriculture and forestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Favery
- INRAE, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, ISA, F-06600 Sophia-Antipolis, France;
| | - Géraldine Dubreuil
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, CNRS, Université de Tours, UMR 7261, 37200 Tours, France;
| | - Ming-Shun Chen
- USDA-ARS and Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - David Giron
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, CNRS, Université de Tours, UMR 7261, 37200 Tours, France;
| | - Pierre Abad
- INRAE, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, ISA, F-06600 Sophia-Antipolis, France;
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18
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Zhang M, Liu Q, Yang X, Xu J, Liu G, Yao X, Ren R, Xu J, Lou L. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of Clpsk1 in watermelon to confer resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2020; 39:589-595. [PMID: 32152696 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02516-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of Clpsk1 enhanced watermelon resistance to Fusarium oxysporum. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system has proven to be an effective genome-editing tool for crop improvement. Previous studies described that Phytosulfokine (PSK) signalling attenuates plant immune response. In this work, we employed the CRISPR/Cas9 system to knockout Clpsk1 gene, encoding the PSK precursor, to confer enhanced watermelon resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum (FON). Interactions between PSK and FON were analysed and it was found that transcript of Clpsk1 was significantly induced upon FON infection. Meanwhile, application of exogenous PSK increased the pathogen growth. Then, one sgRNA, which targeted the first exon of Clpsk1, was selected for construction of pRGEB32-CAS9-gRNA-Clpsk1 expression cassette. The construct was then transformed to watermelon through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method. Six mutant plants were obtained and three types of mutations at the expected position were identified based on Sanger sequencing. Resistance evaluation indicated that Clpsk1 loss-of-function rendered watermelon seedlings more resistant to infection by FON. These results indicate that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene modification is an effective approach for watermelon improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiling Liu
- Institute of Vegetable, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingping Yang
- Institute of Vegetable, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jinhua Xu
- Institute of Vegetable, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guang Liu
- Institute of Vegetable, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiefeng Yao
- Institute of Vegetable, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runsheng Ren
- Institute of Vegetable, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Institute of Vegetable, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lina Lou
- Institute of Vegetable, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China
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19
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Yang W, Zhang B, Qi G, Shang L, Liu H, Ding X, Chu Z. Identification of the phytosulfokine receptor 1 (OsPSKR1) confers resistance to bacterial leaf streak in rice. PLANTA 2019; 250:1603-1612. [PMID: 31388828 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03238-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A rice allele of PSKR1 functioning in resistance to bacterial leaf streak was identified. Phytosulfokine (PSK), a disulfated pentapeptide encoded by precursor genes that are ubiquitously present in higher plants, belongs to the group of plant peptide growth factors. The PSK receptor PSKR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana is an active kinase and has guanylate cyclase activity resulting in dual-signaling outputs. Here, the LOC_Os02g41890 out of three candidates completely rescued root growth and susceptible to Pseudomonas syringae pv. DC3000 in the Arabidopsis pskr1-3 mutant and was identified as OsPSKR1. This protein was localized to plasma membrane similar to AtPSKR1. The expression of OsPSKR1 was upregulated upon inoculation with RS105, a strain of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) that cause bacterial leaf streak in rice. OsPSKR1 overexpression (OE) lines had greater resistance to RS105 than the wild type. Consistently, the expression of pathogenesis-related genes involved in the salicylic acid (SA) pathway was upregulated in the transgenic lines. Overall, OsPSKR1 functions as a candidate PSK receptor and regulates resistance to Xoc by activating the expression of pathogenesis-related genes involved in the SA pathway in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Vegetable Disease and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Qi
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Luyue Shang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Vegetable Disease and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xinhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Vegetable Disease and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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20
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Kaufmann C, Sauter M. Sulfated plant peptide hormones. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4267-4277. [PMID: 31231771 PMCID: PMC6698702 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Sulfated peptides are plant hormones that are active at nanomolar concentrations. The sulfation at one or more tyrosine residues is catalysed by tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase (TPST), which is encoded by a single-copy gene. The sulfate group is provided by the co-substrate 3´-phosphoadenosine 5´-phosphosulfate (PAPS), which links synthesis of sulfated signaling peptides to sulfur metabolism. The precursor proteins share a conserved DY-motif that is implicated in specifying tyrosine sulfation. Several sulfated peptides undergo additional modification such as hydroxylation of proline and glycosylation of hydroxyproline. The modifications render the secreted signaling molecules active and stable. Several sulfated signaling peptides have been shown to be perceived by leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) but have signaling pathways that, for the most part, are yet to be elucidated. Sulfated peptide hormones regulate growth and a wide variety of developmental processes, and intricately modulate immunity to pathogens. While basic research on sulfated peptides has made steady progress, their potential in agricultural and pharmaceutical applications has yet to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kaufmann
- Plant Developmental Biology and Physiology, University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten, Kiel, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Margret Sauter
- Plant Developmental Biology and Physiology, University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten, Kiel, Germany
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21
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Gully K, Pelletier S, Guillou MC, Ferrand M, Aligon S, Pokotylo I, Perrin A, Vergne E, Fagard M, Ruelland E, Grappin P, Bucher E, Renou JP, Aubourg S. The SCOOP12 peptide regulates defense response and root elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:1349-1365. [PMID: 30715439 PMCID: PMC6382344 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Small secreted peptides are important players in plant development and stress response. Using a targeted in silico approach, we identified a family of 14 Arabidopsis genes encoding precursors of serine-rich endogenous peptides (PROSCOOP). Transcriptomic analyses revealed that one member of this family, PROSCOOP12, is involved in processes linked to biotic and oxidative stress as well as root growth. Plants defective in this gene were less susceptible to Erwinia amylovora infection and showed an enhanced root growth phenotype. In PROSCOOP12 we identified a conserved motif potentially coding for a small secreted peptide. Exogenous application of synthetic SCOOP12 peptide induces various defense responses in Arabidopsis. Our findings show that SCOOP12 has numerous properties of phytocytokines, activates the phospholipid signaling pathway, regulates reactive oxygen species response, and is perceived in a BAK1 co-receptor-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Gully
- IRHS (Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences), UMR 1345, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d’Angers, QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Sandra Pelletier
- IRHS (Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences), UMR 1345, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d’Angers, QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Marie-Charlotte Guillou
- IRHS (Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences), UMR 1345, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d’Angers, QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Marina Ferrand
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
| | - Sophie Aligon
- IRHS (Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences), UMR 1345, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d’Angers, QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Igor Pokotylo
- iEES-Paris (Interaction Plantes-Environnement Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement de Paris), UMR CNRS 7618, Université Paris Est Créteil, 61 avenue du général de Gaulle, Créteil, France
| | - Adrien Perrin
- IRHS (Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences), UMR 1345, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d’Angers, QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Emilie Vergne
- IRHS (Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences), UMR 1345, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d’Angers, QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Mathilde Fagard
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
| | - Eric Ruelland
- iEES-Paris (Interaction Plantes-Environnement Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement de Paris), UMR CNRS 7618, Université Paris Est Créteil, 61 avenue du général de Gaulle, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Grappin
- IRHS (Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences), UMR 1345, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d’Angers, QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Etienne Bucher
- IRHS (Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences), UMR 1345, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d’Angers, QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Renou
- IRHS (Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences), UMR 1345, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d’Angers, QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, France
- Correspondence: or
| | - Sébastien Aubourg
- IRHS (Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences), UMR 1345, INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d’Angers, QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, France
- Correspondence: or
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22
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Chagas FO, Pessotti RDC, Caraballo-Rodríguez AM, Pupo MT. Chemical signaling involved in plant-microbe interactions. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:1652-1704. [PMID: 29218336 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00343a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms are found everywhere, and they are closely associated with plants. Because the establishment of any plant-microbe association involves chemical communication, understanding crosstalk processes is fundamental to defining the type of relationship. Although several metabolites from plants and microbes have been fully characterized, their roles in the chemical interplay between these partners are not well understood in most cases, and they require further investigation. In this review, we describe different plant-microbe associations from colonization to microbial establishment processes in plants along with future prospects, including agricultural benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Oliveira Chagas
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FCFRP-USP), Avenida do Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil.
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23
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Irving HR, Cahill DM, Gehring C. Moonlighting Proteins and Their Role in the Control of Signaling Microenvironments, as Exemplified by cGMP and Phytosulfokine Receptor 1 (PSKR1). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:415. [PMID: 29643865 PMCID: PMC5883070 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Signal generating and processing complexes and changes in concentrations of messenger molecules such as calcium ions and cyclic nucleotides develop gradients that have critical roles in relaying messages within cells. Cytoplasmic contents are densely packed, and in plant cells this is compounded by the restricted cytoplasmic space. To function in such crowded spaces, scaffold proteins have evolved to keep key enzymes in the correct place to ensure ordered spatial and temporal and stimulus-specific message generation. Hence, throughout the cytoplasm there are gradients of messenger molecules that influence signaling processes. However, it is only recently becoming apparent that specific complexes involving receptor molecules can generate multiple signal gradients and enriched microenvironments around the cytoplasmic domains of the receptor that regulate downstream signaling. Such gradients or signal circuits can involve moonlighting proteins, so called because they can enable fine-tune signal cascades via cryptic additional functions that are just being defined. This perspective focuses on how enigmatic activity of moonlighting proteins potentially contributes to regional intracellular microenvironments. For instance, the proteins associated with moonlighting proteins that generate cyclic nucleotides may be regulated by cyclic nucleotide binding directly or indirectly. In this perspective, we discuss how generation of cyclic nucleotide-enriched microenvironments can promote and regulate signaling events. As an example, we use the phytosulfokine receptor (PSKR1), discuss the function of its domains and their mutual interactions and argue that this complex architecture and function enhances tuning of signals in microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen R. Irving
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - David M. Cahill
- Faculty of Science Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Chris Gehring
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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24
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Comparative Transcriptome Profiling of Rice Near-Isogenic Line Carrying Xa23 under Infection of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030717. [PMID: 29498672 PMCID: PMC5877578 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is an overwhelming disease in rice-growing regions worldwide. Our previous studies revealed that the executor R gene Xa23 confers broad-spectrum disease resistance to all naturally occurring biotypes of Xoo. In this study, comparative transcriptomic profiling of two near-isogenic lines (NILs), CBB23 (harboring Xa23) and JG30 (without Xa23), before and after infection of the Xoo strain, PXO99A, was done by RNA sequencing, to identify genes associated with the resistance. After high throughput sequencing, 1645 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between CBB23 and JG30 at different time points. Gene Ontlogy (GO) analysis categorized the DEGs into biological process, molecular function, and cellular component. KEGG analysis categorized the DEGs into different pathways, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was the most prominent pathway, followed by biosynthesis of plant hormones, flavonoid biosynthesis, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Further analysis led to the identification of differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) and different kinase responsive genes in CBB23, than that in JG30. Besides TFs and kinase responsive genes, DEGs related to ethylene, jasmonic acid, and secondary metabolites were also identified in both genotypes after PXO99A infection. The data of DEGs are a precious resource for further clarifying the network of Xa23-mediated resistance.
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25
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Abstract
Plant peptides secreted as signal molecular to trigger cell-to-cell signaling are indispensable for plant growth and defense processes. Preciously, it is regraded some plant peptides function in plant growth and development, whereas others regulate defense response in plant-microbe interactions. However, this prejudice is got rid due to more and more evidence showed growth-related plant peptides also exhibit bifunctional roles in plant defense response against different microbial pathogens. Here we provide a mini-review of reported types of plant peptides, including their basic information, reported receptor ligands, and especially direct or indirect roles in plant immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - H. Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - K. Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
- CONTACT Kai Shi Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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26
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Li H, Zhou Y, Zhang Z. Network Analysis Reveals a Common Host-Pathogen Interaction Pattern in Arabidopsis Immune Responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:893. [PMID: 28611808 PMCID: PMC5446985 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Many plant pathogens secrete virulence effectors into host cells to target important proteins in host cellular network. However, the dynamic interactions between effectors and host cellular network have not been fully understood. Here, an integrative network analysis was conducted by combining Arabidopsis thaliana protein-protein interaction network, known targets of Pseudomonas syringae and Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis effectors, and gene expression profiles in the immune response. In particular, we focused on the characteristic network topology of the effector targets and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We found that effectors tended to manipulate key network positions with higher betweenness centrality. The effector targets, especially those that are common targets of an individual effector, tended to be clustered together in the network. Moreover, the distances between the effector targets and DEGs increased over time during infection. In line with this observation, pathogen-susceptible mutants tended to have more DEGs surrounding the effector targets compared with resistant mutants. Our results suggest a common plant-pathogen interaction pattern at the cellular network level, where pathogens employ potent local impact mode to interfere with key positions in the host network, and plant organizes an in-depth defense by sequentially activating genes distal to the effector targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Ziding Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
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27
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Kaufmann C, Motzkus M, Sauter M. Phosphorylation of the phytosulfokine peptide receptor PSKR1 controls receptor activity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:1411-1423. [PMID: 28338789 PMCID: PMC5441923 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The phytosulfokine peptide receptor PSKR1 is modified by phosphorylation of its cytoplasmic kinase domain. We analyzed defined phosphorylation sites by site-directed mutagenesis with regard to kinase activity in vitro and receptor activity in planta. S696 and S698 in the juxtamembrane (JM) domain are phosphorylated in planta. The phosphomimetic S696D/S698D replacements resulted in reduced transphosphorylation activity of PSKR1 kinase in vitro but did not reduce autophosphorylation activity. Growth-promoting activity of the PSKR1(S696D/S698D) receptor isoform was impaired in the shoot but not in the root. The JM domain thus seems to be important for phosphorylation of a target protein required for shoot growth promotion. The phosphomimetic replacement T998D at the C-terminus (CT) abolished kinase activity in vitro but not receptor function in planta, indicating that additional levels of regulation exist in planta. A possible mode of receptor regulation is the interaction with regulatory proteins such as the calcium sensor calmodulin (CaM). We show that the previously reported binding of CaM2 to PSKR1 is calcium-dependent, occurs predominately to the hypophosphorylated soluble PSKR1 kinase, and does not significantly change PSKR1 kinase activity. In conclusion, our results show that peptide signaling of growth by PSKR1 is regulated by differential phosphorylation of the juxtamembrane and C-terminal domains of the intracellular receptor part and suggest that interaction of PSKR1 with CaM serves a function other than the regulation of kinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kaufmann
- Entwicklungsbiologie und Physiologie der Pflanzen, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 5, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Motzkus
- Entwicklungsbiologie und Physiologie der Pflanzen, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 5, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Margret Sauter
- Entwicklungsbiologie und Physiologie der Pflanzen, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 5, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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28
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Yamaguchi YL, Suzuki R, Cabrera J, Nakagami S, Sagara T, Ejima C, Sano R, Aoki Y, Olmo R, Kurata T, Obayashi T, Demura T, Ishida T, Escobar C, Sawa S. Root-Knot and Cyst Nematodes Activate Procambium-Associated Genes in Arabidopsis Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1195. [PMID: 28747918 PMCID: PMC5506325 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Developmental plasticity is one of the most striking features of plant morphogenesis, as plants are able to vary their shapes in response to environmental cues. Biotic or abiotic stimuli often promote organogenesis events in plants not observed under normal growth conditions. Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are known to parasitize multiple species of rooting plants and to induce characteristic tissue expansion called galls or root-knots on the roots of their hosts by perturbing the plant cellular machinery. Galls contain giant cells (GCs) and neighboring cells, and the GCs are a source of nutrients for the parasitizing nematode. Highly active cell proliferation was observed in galls. However, the underlying mechanisms that regulate the symptoms triggered by the plant-nematode interaction have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we deciphered the molecular mechanism of gall formation with an in vitro infection assay system using RKN Meloidogyne incognita, and the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. By taking advantages of this system, we performed next-generation sequencing-based transcriptome profiling, and found that the expression of procambium identity-associated genes were enriched during gall formation. Clustering analyses with artificial xylogenic systems, together with the results of expression analyses of the candidate genes, showed a significant correlation between the induction of gall cells and procambium-associated cells. Furthermore, the promoters of several procambial marker genes such as ATHB8, TDR and WOX4 were activated not only in M. incognita-induced galls, but similarly in M. javanica induced-galls and Heterodera schachtii-induced syncytia. Our findings suggest that phytoparasitic nematodes modulate the host's developmental regulation of the vascular stem cells during gall formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuka L. Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto UniversityKumamoto, Japan
| | - Reira Suzuki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto UniversityKumamoto, Japan
| | - Javier Cabrera
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla – La ManchaToledo, Spain
| | - Satoru Nakagami
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto UniversityKumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomomi Sagara
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto UniversityKumamoto, Japan
| | - Chika Ejima
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto UniversityKumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Sano
- Graduate School of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and TechnologyIkoma, Japan
| | - Yuichi Aoki
- Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | - Rocio Olmo
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla – La ManchaToledo, Spain
| | - Tetsuya Kurata
- Plant Global Education Project, Graduate School of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and TechnologyIkoma, Japan
| | - Takeshi Obayashi
- Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | - Taku Demura
- Graduate School of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and TechnologyIkoma, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto UniversityKumamoto, Japan
| | - Carolina Escobar
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla – La ManchaToledo, Spain
| | - Shinichiro Sawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto UniversityKumamoto, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shinichiro Sawa,
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29
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Hammes UZ. Novel roles for phytosulfokine signalling in plant-pathogen interactions. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:1393-1395. [PMID: 26574181 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This article comments on: Evolutionarily distant pathogens require the Arabidopsis phytosulfokine signalling pathway to establish disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Z Hammes
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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30
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Koprivova A, Kopriva S. Sulfation pathways in plants. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 259:23-30. [PMID: 27206694 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Plants take up sulfur in the form of sulfate. Sulfate is activated to adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS) and reduced to sulfite and then to sulfide when it is assimilated into amino acid cysteine. Alternatively, APS is phosphorylated to 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS), and sulfate from PAPS is transferred onto diverse metabolites in its oxidized form. Traditionally, these pathways are referred to as primary and secondary sulfate metabolism, respectively. However, the synthesis of PAPS is essential for plants and even its reduced provision leads to dwarfism. Here the current knowledge of enzymes involved in sulfation pathways of plants will be summarized, the similarities and differences between different kingdoms will be highlighted, and major open questions in the research of plant sulfation will be formulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Koprivova
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47b, 50674, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Stanislav Kopriva
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47b, 50674, Cologne, Germany.
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