1
|
Wang H, Fang J, Li X, Sun P, Gao H, Ren Y, Liu Y, Feng Z, Dong L. Epigenetic Regulation of CYP72A385-Mediated Metabolic Resistance to Novel Auxin Herbicide Florpyrauxifen-benzyl in Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38600742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Weed's metabolic resistance to herbicides has undermined the sustainability of herbicides and global food security. Notably, we identified an Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv population (R) that evolved resistance to the never-used florpyrauxifen-benzyl, in which florpyrauxifen-benzyl was metabolized faster than the susceptible E. crus-galli population (S). RNA-seq identified potential metabolism-related genes, EcCYP72A385 and EcCYP85A1, whose expression in yeast exhibited the capacity to degrade florpyrauxifen-benzyl. Region-2 in the EcCYP72A385 promoter showed significant demethylation after florpyrauxifen-benzyl treatment in the R population. DNA methyltransferase inhibitors induce EcCYP72A385 overexpression in the S population and endow it with tolerance to florpyrauxifen-benzyl. Moreover, methyltransferase-like 7A (EcMETTL7A) was overexpressed in the S population and specifically bound to the EcCYP72A385 promoter. Transgenic EcCYP72A385 in Arabidopsis and Oryza sativa L. exhibited resistance to florpyrauxifen-benzyl, whereas EcMETTL7A transgenic plants were sensitive. Overall, EcCYP72A385 is the principal functional gene for conferring resistance to florpyrauxifen-benzyl and is regulated by EcMETTL7A in E. crus-galli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiapeng Fang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Penglei Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haitao Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanrong Ren
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhike Feng
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Liyao Dong
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Raza A, Salehi H, Bashir S, Tabassum J, Jamla M, Charagh S, Barmukh R, Mir RA, Bhat BA, Javed MA, Guan DX, Mir RR, Siddique KHM, Varshney RK. Transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics interventions prompt crop improvement against metal(loid) toxicity. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:80. [PMID: 38411713 PMCID: PMC10899315 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The escalating challenges posed by metal(loid) toxicity in agricultural ecosystems, exacerbated by rapid climate change and anthropogenic pressures, demand urgent attention. Soil contamination is a critical issue because it significantly impacts crop productivity. The widespread threat of metal(loid) toxicity can jeopardize global food security due to contaminated food supplies and pose environmental risks, contributing to soil and water pollution and thus impacting the whole ecosystem. In this context, plants have evolved complex mechanisms to combat metal(loid) stress. Amid the array of innovative approaches, omics, notably transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, have emerged as transformative tools, shedding light on the genes, proteins, and key metabolites involved in metal(loid) stress responses and tolerance mechanisms. These identified candidates hold promise for developing high-yielding crops with desirable agronomic traits. Computational biology tools like bioinformatics, biological databases, and analytical pipelines support these omics approaches by harnessing diverse information and facilitating the mapping of genotype-to-phenotype relationships under stress conditions. This review explores: (1) the multifaceted strategies that plants use to adapt to metal(loid) toxicity in their environment; (2) the latest findings in metal(loid)-mediated transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics studies across various plant species; (3) the integration of omics data with artificial intelligence and high-throughput phenotyping; (4) the latest bioinformatics databases, tools and pipelines for single and/or multi-omics data integration; (5) the latest insights into stress adaptations and tolerance mechanisms for future outlooks; and (6) the capacity of omics advances for creating sustainable and resilient crop plants that can thrive in metal(loid)-contaminated environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Hajar Salehi
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Shanza Bashir
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Javaria Tabassum
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Monica Jamla
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016, India
| | - Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Rutwik Barmukh
- WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India
| | - Basharat Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Bio-Resources, Amar Singh College Campus, Cluster University Srinagar, Srinagar, JK, India
| | - Muhammad Arshad Javed
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Dong-Xing Guan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (SKUAST), Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang M, Gao JY, Dong SC, Chang MH, Zhu JX, Guo DL, Guo CH, Bi YD. Alfalfa MsbHLH115 confers tolerance to cadmium stress through activating the iron deficiency response in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1358673. [PMID: 38410731 PMCID: PMC10894947 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1358673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution severely affects plant growth and development, posing risks to human health throughout the food chain. Improved iron (Fe) nutrients could mitigate Cd toxicity in plants, but the regulatory network involving Cd and Fe interplay remains unresolved. Here, a transcription factor gene of alfalfa, MsbHLH115 was verified to respond to iron deficiency and Cd stress. Overexpression of MsbHLH115 enhanced tolerance to Cd stress, showing better growth and less ROS accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Overexpression of MsbHLH115 significantly enhanced Fe and Zn accumulation and did not affect Cd, Mn, and Cu concentration in Arabidopsis. Further investigations revealed that MsbHLH115 up-regulated iron homeostasis regulation genes, ROS-related genes, and metal chelation and detoxification genes, contributing to attenuating Cd toxicity. Y1H, EMSA, and LUC assays confirmed the physical interaction between MsbHLH115 and E-box, which is present in the promoter regions of most of the above-mentioned iron homeostasis regulatory genes. The transient expression experiment showed that MsbHLH115 interacted with MsbHLH121pro. The results suggest that MsbHLH115 may directly regulate the iron-deficiency response system and indirectly regulate the metal detoxification response mechanism, thereby enhancing plant Cd tolerance. In summary, enhancing iron accumulation through transcription factor regulation holds promise for improving plant tolerance to Cd toxicity, and MsbHLH115 is a potential candidate for addressing Cd toxicity issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Cell Genetics and Genetic Breeding, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing-Yun Gao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Cell Genetics and Genetic Breeding, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Shi-Chen Dong
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Cell Genetics and Genetic Breeding, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Meng-Han Chang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Cell Genetics and Genetic Breeding, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing-Xuan Zhu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Cell Genetics and Genetic Breeding, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Dong-Lin Guo
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Cell Genetics and Genetic Breeding, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Chang-Hong Guo
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Cell Genetics and Genetic Breeding, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying-Dong Bi
- Institute of Crops Tillage and Cultivation, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cong W, Li N, Miao Y, Huang Y, Zhao W, Kang Y, Zhang B, Wang J, Zhang J, Lv Y, Li J, Zhang J, Gong L, Liu B, Ou X. DNA hypomethylation-associated transcriptional rewiring enables resistance to heavy metal mercury (Hg) stress in rice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132649. [PMID: 37783144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is an important hazardous pollutant that can cause phytotoxicity and harm human health through the food chain. Recently, rice (Oryza sativa L.) has been confirmed as a potential Hg bioaccumulator. Although the genetic and molecular mechanisms involved in heavy metal absorption and translocation in rice have been investigated for several heavy metals, Hg is largely neglected. Here, we analyzed one Hg-resistant line in rice (RHg) derived from a DNA methyltransferase-coding gene, OsMET1-2 heterozygous mutant. Compared with its isogenic wild-type (WT), RHg exhibited a significantly higher survival rate after Hg treatment, ameliorated oxidative damage, and lower Hg uptake and translocation. RNAseq-based comparative transcriptomic analysis identified 34 potential Hg resistance-related genes involved in phytohormone signaling, abiotic stress response, and zinc (Zn) transport. Importantly, the elevated expression of Hg resistance-related genes in RHg was highly correlated with DNA hypomethylation in their putative promoter regions. An ionomic analysis unraveled a negative correlation between Zn and Hg in roots. Moreover, Hg concentration was effectively decreased by exogenous application of Zn in Hg-stressed rice plants. Our findings indicate an epigenetic basis of Hg resistance and reveal an antagonistic relationship between Hg and Zn, providing new hints towards Hg detoxification in plants. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: Mercury (Hg) as an important hazardous pollutant adversely impacts the environment and jeopardizes human health, due to its chronicity, transferability, persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity. In this paper, we identified 34 potential genes that may significantly contribute to Hg resistance in rice. We find the expression of Hg resistance-related genes was highly correlated with DNA hypomethylation in their putative promoter regions. Our results also revealed an antagonistic relationship between Hg and Zinc (Zn), providing new hints towards Hg detoxification in plants. Together, findings of this study extend our current understanding of Hg tolerance in rice and are informative to breed seed non-accumulating rice cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weixuan Cong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yiling Miao
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuxi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Wenhao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ying Kang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Bingqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jinbin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yinhe Lv
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jiamo Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Bao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Xiufang Ou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chmielowska-Bąk J, Searle IR, Wakai TN, Arasimowicz-Jelonek M. The role of epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modifications in plants exposed to non-essential metals. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1278185. [PMID: 38111878 PMCID: PMC10726048 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1278185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of the soil with non-essential metals and metalloids is a serious problem in many regions of the world. These non-essential metals and metalloids are toxic to all organisms impacting crop yields and human health. Crop plants exposed to high concentrations of these metals leads to perturbed mineral homeostasis, decreased photosynthesis efficiency, inhibited cell division, oxidative stress, genotoxic effects and subsequently hampered growth. Plants can activate epigenetic and epitranscriptomic mechanisms to maintain cellular and organism homeostasis. Epigenetic modifications include changes in the patterns of cytosine and adenine DNA base modifications, changes in cellular non-coding RNAs, and remodeling histone variants and covalent histone tail modifications. Some of these epigenetic changes have been shown to be long-lasting and may therefore contribute to stress memory and modulated stress tolerance in the progeny. In the emerging field of epitranscriptomics, defined as chemical, covalent modifications of ribonucleotides in cellular transcripts, epitranscriptomic modifications are postulated as more rapid modulators of gene expression. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the plant's epigenetic changes in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, a comprehensive review of the plant's epigenetic responses to metals is lacking. While the role of epitranscriptomics during plant developmental processes and stress responses are emerging, epitranscriptomic modifications in response to metals has not been reviewed. This article describes the impact of non-essential metals and metalloids (Cd, Pb, Hg, Al and As) on global and site-specific DNA methylation, histone tail modifications and epitranscriptomic modifications in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jagna Chmielowska-Bąk
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Iain Robert Searle
- Discipline of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Theophilus Nang Wakai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
- Covenant Applied Informatics and Communication - Africa Centre of Excellence (CApIC-ACE), Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Magdalena Arasimowicz-Jelonek
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang R, Fei Y, Pan Y, Zhou P, Adegoke JO, Shen R, Lan P. IMA peptides function in iron homeostasis and cadmium resistance. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 336:111868. [PMID: 37722507 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe), an essential micronutrient, participates in photosynthesis, respiration, and many other enzymatic reactions. Cadmium (Cd), by contrast, is a toxic element to virtually all living organisms. Both Fe deficiency and Cd toxicity severally impair crop growth and productivity, finally leading to human health issues. Understanding how plants control the uptake and homeostasis of Fe and combat Cd toxicity thus is mandatory to develop Fe-enriched but Cd-cleaned germplasms for human beings. Recent studies in Arabidopsis and rice have revealed that IRON MAN (IMA) peptides stand out as a key regulator to respond to Fe deficiency by competitively interacting with a ubiquitin E3 ligase, thus inhibiting the degradation of IVc subgroup bHLH transcription factors (TFs), mediated by 26 S proteasome. Elevated expression of IMA confers tolerance to Cd stress in both Arabidopsis and wheat by activating the iron deficiency response. Here, we discuss recent breakthroughs that IMA peptides function in the Fe-deficiency response to attain Fe homeostasis and combat Cd toxicity as a potential candidate for phytoremediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuchen Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yilin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peijun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Julius Oluwaseun Adegoke
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Renfang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ping Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sun X, Wang S, Tian J, Xiang X, Zheng H, Liu H, Fang Z, Tian Z, Liu L, Zhu Y, Du S. Synergistic interplay between ABA-generating bacteria and biochar in the reduction of heavy metal accumulation in radish, pakchoi, and tomato. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 333:122084. [PMID: 37356790 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) contamination is an environmental concern that threatens the agricultural product safety and human health. To address this concern, we developed a novel strategy involving the synergistic application of Azospirillum brasilense, a growth-promoting rhizobacterium which produces abscisic acid (ABA), and biochar to minimize HM accumulation in the edible parts of vegetable crops. Compared to A. brasilense or biochar alone, the concentrations of Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn in radish (Raphanus sativus L.), pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) decreased by 18-63% and 14-56%, respectively. Additionally, the synergistic treatment led to a 14-63% decrease in the bioconcentration factor. The biomass of the edible parts of the three crops increased by 65-278% after synergistic treatment, surpassing the effects of single treatments. Furthermore, the synergistic application enhanced the SPAD values by 1-45% compared to single treatments. The MDA concentrations in stressed plants decreased by 16-39% with the bacteria-biochar co-treatment compared to single treatments. Co-treatment also resulted in increased soluble protein and sugar concentrations by 8-174%, and improvements in flavonoids, total phenols, ascorbic acid, and DPPH levels by 2-50%. Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling revealed that the synergistic effect was attributed to the enhanced growth of A. brasilense facilitated by biochar and the improved availability of HMs in soils. Notably, although ABA concentrations were not as high as those achieved with A. brasilense alone, they were maintained at relatively high levels. Overall, the synergistic application of A. brasilense-biochar might have remarkable potential for reducing the accumulation of HMs while promoting growth and improving nutritional and antioxidant qualities in tuberous, leafy, and fruit crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Shengtao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jiaying Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Xiaobo Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Haoyi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhiguo Fang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhongling Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Yaxin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Shaoting Du
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fasani E, Giannelli G, Varotto S, Visioli G, Bellin D, Furini A, DalCorso G. Epigenetic Control of Plant Response to Heavy Metals. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3195. [PMID: 37765359 PMCID: PMC10537915 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Plants are sessile organisms that must adapt to environmental conditions, such as soil characteristics, by adjusting their development during their entire life cycle. In case of low-distance seed dispersal, the new generations are challenged with the same abiotic stress encountered by the parents. Epigenetic modification is an effective option that allows plants to face an environmental constraint and to share the same adaptative strategy with their progeny through transgenerational inheritance. This is the topic of the presented review that reports the scientific progress, up to date, gained in unravelling the epigenetic response of plants to soil contamination by heavy metals and metalloids, collectively known as potentially toxic elements. The effect of the microbial community inhabiting the rhizosphere is also considered, as the evidence of a transgenerational transfer of the epigenetic status that contributes to the activation in plants of response mechanisms to soil pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fasani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (G.G.); (G.V.)
| | - Serena Varotto
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Visioli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (G.G.); (G.V.)
| | - Diana Bellin
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Antonella Furini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Giovanni DalCorso
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (D.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ding S, Zhang H, Zhou C, Bao Y, Xu X, Chen Y, Shen Z, Chen C. Transcriptomic, epigenomic and physiological comparisons reveal key factors for different manganese tolerances in three Chenopodium ambrosioides L. populations. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107883. [PMID: 37442049 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Chenopodium ambrosioides is a manganese (Mn) hyperaccumulator that can be used for Mn-polluted soil phytoremediation. However, the mechanism of Mn tolerance of C. ambrosioides remains largely unknown. In this study, the key factors for Mn tolerance of C. ambrosioides was investigated from the aspects of DNA methylation pattern, gene expression regulation and physiological function. We found that the two genotypes of C. ambrosioides populations have differentiated tolerance to Mn stress (Mn-tolerant: CS and XC, Mn-sensitive: WH). Although there was no difference in Mn accumulation between two types under excess Mn, the biomass and photosynthetic systems were more severely inhibited in Mn-sensitive type, as well as suffering more serious oxidative damage. More differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were downregulated in the Mn-tolerant type, indicating that the Mn-tolerant type tends to inhibit gene expression to cope with Mn stress. DEGs related to metal transport, antioxidant system, phytohormone and transcription factors contribute to the tolerance of C. ambrosioides to Mn, and account for difference in Mn stress sensitivities between the Mn-sensitive and tolerant types. We also found that DNA methylation variation may help to cope with Mn stress. The global DNA methylation level in C. ambrosioides increased under Mn stress, especially in the Mn-sensitive type. Dozens of methylated loci were significantly associated with the Mn accumulation trait of C. ambrosioides, and some critical DEGs were regulated by DNA methylation. Our study comprehensively demonstrated the Mn tolerance mechanism of C. ambrosioides for the first time, and highlighted the roles of epigenetic modification in C. ambrosioides response to Mn stress. Our findings may contribute to elucidating the adaptation mechanism of hyperaccumulator to the heavy metal toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hanchao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Changwei Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yiqiong Bao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yahua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhu H, Han G, Wang J, Xu J, Hong Y, Huang L, Zheng S, Yang J, Chen W. CG hypermethylation of the bHLH39 promoter regulates its expression and Fe deficiency responses in tomato roots. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad104. [PMID: 37577397 PMCID: PMC10419876 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for all organisms, including plants, whose limited bioavailability restricts plant growth, yield, and nutritional quality. While the transcriptional regulation of plant responses to Fe deficiency have been extensively studied, the contribution of epigenetic modulations, such as DNA methylation, remains poorly understood. Here, we report that treatment with a DNA methylase inhibitor repressed Fe deficiency-induced responses in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) roots, suggesting the importance of DNA methylation in regulating Fe deficiency responses. Dynamic changes in the DNA methylome in tomato roots responding to short-term (12 hours) and long-term (72 hours) Fe deficiency identified many differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and DMR-associated genes. Most DMRs occurred at CHH sites under short-term Fe deficiency, whereas they were predominant at CG sites following long-term Fe deficiency. Furthermore, no correlation was detected between the changes in DNA methylation levels and the changes in transcript levels of the affected genes under either short-term or long-term treatments. Notably, one exception was CG hypermethylation at the bHLH39 promoter, which was positively correlated with its transcriptional induction. In agreement, we detected lower CG methylation at the bHLH39 promoter and lower bHLH39 expression in MET1-RNA interference lines compared with wild-type seedlings. Virus-induced gene silencing of bHLH39 and luciferase reporter assays revealed that bHLH39 is positively involved in the modulation of Fe homeostasis. Altogether, we propose that dynamic epigenetic DNA methylation in the CG context at the bHLH39 promoter is involved in its transcriptional regulation, thus contributing to the Fe deficiency response of tomato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guanghao Han
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yiguo Hong
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Li Huang
- Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shaojian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Transcriptional Regulatory Network of Plant Cadmium Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054378. [PMID: 36901809 PMCID: PMC10001906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential heavy metal with high toxicity to plants. Plants have acquired specialized mechanisms to sense, transport, and detoxify Cd. Recent studies have identified many transporters involved in Cd uptake, transport, and detoxification. However, the complex transcriptional regulatory networks involved in Cd response remain to be elucidated. Here, we provide an overview of current knowledge regarding transcriptional regulatory networks and post-translational regulation of the transcription factors involved in Cd response. An increasing number of reports indicate that epigenetic regulation and long non-coding and small RNAs are important in Cd-induced transcriptional responses. Several kinases play important roles in Cd signaling that activate transcriptional cascades. We also discuss the perspectives to reduce grain Cd content and improve crop tolerance to Cd stress, which provides a theoretical reference for food safety and the future research of plant varieties with low Cd accumulation.
Collapse
|
12
|
Galati S, DalCorso G, Furini A, Fragni R, Maccari C, Mozzoni P, Giannelli G, Buschini A, Visioli G. DNA methylation is enhanced during Cd hyperaccumulation in Noccaea caerulescens ecotype Ganges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:26178-26190. [PMID: 36352075 PMCID: PMC9995422 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23983-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we assess the DNA damage occurring in response to cadmium (Cd) in the Cd hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens Ganges (GA) vs the non-accumulator and close-relative species Arabidopsis thaliana. At this purpose, the alkaline comet assay was utilized to evaluate the Cd-induced variations in nucleoids and the methy-sens comet assay, and semiquantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR were also performed to associate nucleus variations to possible DNA modifications. Cadmium induced high DNA damages in nuclei of A. thaliana while only a small increase in DNA migration was observed in N. caerulescens GA. In addition, in N. caerulescens GA, CpG DNA methylation increase upon Cd when compared to control condition, along with an increase in the expression of MET1 gene, coding for the DNA-methyltransferase. N. caerulescens GA does not show any oxidative stress under Cd treatment, while A. thaliana Cd-treated plants showed an upregulation of transcripts of the respiratory burst oxidase, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and enhanced superoxide dismutase activity. These data suggest that epigenetic modifications occur in the N. caerulescens GA exposed to Cd to preserve genome integrity, contributing to Cd tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Galati
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Furini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosaria Fragni
- SSICA, Experimental Station for the Food Preserving Industry, Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Maccari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Mozzoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Centre for Research in Toxicology (CERT), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Annamaria Buschini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanna Visioli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lancíková V, Kačírová J, Hricová A. Identification and gene expression analysis of cytosine-5 DNA methyltransferase and demethylase genes in Amaranthus cruentus L. under heavy metal stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1092067. [PMID: 36684770 PMCID: PMC9846163 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1092067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Amaranth has become increasingly popular due to its highly nutritious grains and ability to tolerate environmental stress. The mechanism underlying defense and adaptation to environmental stress is a complicated process involving DNA methylation and demethylation. These epigenetic features have been well documented to play an important role in plant stress response, including heavy metal-induced stress. This study was aimed at the identification and analysis of cytosine-5 DNA methyltransferase (C5-MTase) and demethylase (DMTase) genes in Amaranthus cruentus. Eight C5-MTase and two DMTase genes were identified and described in response to individual heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Mn) and their combination (Cd/Pb, Cd/Zn, Pb/Zn) in root and leaf tissues. Studied heavy metals, individually and in combinations, differentially regulated C5-MTase and DMTase gene expression. Interestingly, most of the genes were transcriptionally altered under Zn exposure. Our results suggest that identified amaranth MTase and DMTase genes are involved in heavy metal stress responses through regulating DNA methylation and demethylation level in amaranth plants.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang H, Tang Y, Li Q, Zhao S, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Shen Z, Chen C. Genetic and epigenetic variation separately contribute to range expansion and local metalliferous habitat adaptation during invasions of Chenopodium ambrosioides into China. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 130:1041-1056. [PMID: 36413156 PMCID: PMC9851312 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Invasive plants often colonize wide-ranging geographical areas with various local microenvironments. The specific roles of epigenetic and genetic variation during such expansion are still unclear. Chenopodium ambrosioides is a well-known invasive alien species in China that can thrive in metalliferous habitats. This study aims to comprehensively understand the effects of genetic and epigenetic variation on the successful invasion of C. ambrosioides. METHODS We sampled 367 individuals from 21 heavy metal-contaminated and uncontaminated sites with a wide geographical distribution in regions of China. We obtained environmental factors of these sampling sites, including 13 meteorological factors and the contents of four heavy metals in soils. Microsatellite markers were used to investigate the demographic history of C. ambrosioides populations in China. We also analysed the effect of epigenetic variation on metalliferous microhabitat adaptation using methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) markers. A common garden experiment was conducted to compare heritable phenotypic variations among populations. KEY RESULTS Two distinct genetic clusters that diverged thousands of years ago were identified, suggesting that the eastern and south-western C. ambrosioides populations in China may have originated from independent introduction events without recombination. Genetic variation was shown to be a dominant determinant of phenotypic differentiation relative to epigenetic variation, and further affected the geographical distribution pattern of invasive C. ambrosioides. The global DNA unmethylation level was reduced in metalliferous habitats. Dozens of methylated loci were significantly associated with the heavy metal accumulation trait of C. ambrosioides and may contribute to coping with metalliferous microenvironments. CONCLUSIONS Our study of C. ambrosioides highlighted the dominant roles of genetic variation in large geographical range expansion and epigenetic variation in local metalliferous habitat adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanchao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yongwei Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Quanyuan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shangjun Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yahua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang H, Gong Z, Zhu JK. Active DNA demethylation in plants: 20 years of discovery and beyond. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:2217-2239. [PMID: 36478523 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining proper DNA methylation levels in the genome requires active demethylation of DNA. However, removing the methyl group from a modified cytosine is chemically difficult and therefore, the underlying mechanism of demethylation had remained unclear for many years. The discovery of the first eukaryotic DNA demethylase, Arabidopsis thaliana REPRESSOR OF SILENCING 1 (ROS1), led to elucidation of the 5-methylcytosine base excision repair mechanism of active DNA demethylation. In the 20 years since ROS1 was discovered, our understanding of this active DNA demethylation pathway, as well as its regulation and biological functions in plants, has greatly expanded. These exciting developments have laid the groundwork for further dissecting the regulatory mechanisms of active DNA demethylation, with potential applications in epigenome editing to facilitate crop breeding and gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Plant Genetics, Shanghai Centre for Plant Stress Biology, Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Biotechnology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sun L, Xue C, Guo C, Jia C, Yuan H, Pan X, Tai P. Maintenance of grafting reducing cadmium accumulation in soybean (Glycinemax) is mediated by DNA methylation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157488. [PMID: 35870595 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in farmland soil increases the probability of wastage of land resources and compromised food safety. Grafting can change the absorption rates of elements in crops; however, there are few studies on grafting in bulk grain and cash crops. In this study, Glycine max was used as a scion and Luffa aegyptiaca as a rootstock for grafting experiments. The changes in total sulfur and Cd content in the leaves and grains of grafted species were determined for three consecutive generations, and the gene expression and DNA methylation status of the leaves were analyzed. The results show that grafting significantly reduced the total sulfur and Cd content in soybean leaves and grains; the Cd content in soybean leaves and grains decreased by >50 %. The plant's primary sulfur metabolism pathway was not significantly affected. Glucosinolates and DNA methylation may play important roles in reducing total sulfur and Cd accumulation. Notably, low sulfur and low Cd traits can be maintained over two generations. Our study establishes that grafting can reduce the total sulfur and Cd content in soybean, and these traits can be inherited. In summary, grafting technology can be used to prevent soybean from accumulating Cd in farmland soil. This provides a theoretical basis for grafting to cultivate crops with low Cd accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenyang Xue
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Chunyun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Honghong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiangwen Pan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding and Design, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Peidong Tai
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang X, Wang M, Dai J, Wang Q, La H. Fine mapping and characterization of RLL6 locus required for anti-silencing of a transgene and DNA demethylation in Arabidopsisthaliana. Front Genet 2022; 13:1008700. [PMID: 36226182 PMCID: PMC9549997 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1008700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation patterns in plants are dynamically shaped by the antagonistic actions of DNA methylation and demethylation pathways. Although the DNA methylation pathway has been well studied, the DNA demethylation pathway, however, are not fully understood so far. To gain deeper insights into the mechanisms of DNA demethylation pathway, we conducted a genetic screening for proteins that were involved in preventing epigenetic gene silencing, and then the ones, which were also implicated in DNA demethylation pathway, were used for further studies. Eventually, a mutant with low luciferase luminescence (low LUC luminescence) was recovered, and named reduced LUC luminescence 6–1 (rll6-1). Map-based cloning revealed that rll6-1 mutation was located on chromosome 4, and there were a total of 10 candidate genes residing within such a region. Analyses of genome-wide methylation patterns of rll6-1 mutant showed that mutation of RLL6 locus led to 3,863 hyper-DMRs (DMRs for differentially methylated regions) throughout five Arabidopsis chromosomes, and elevated DNA methylation level of 2 × 35S promoter, which was similar to that found in the ros1 (repressor of silencing 1) mutant. Further analysis demonstrated that there were 1,456 common hyper-DMRs shared by rll6-1 and ros1-7 mutants, suggesting that both proteins acted together in a synergistic manner to remove DNA methylation. Further investigations demonstrated that mutation of RLL6 locus did not affect the expression of the four genes of the DNA glycosylase/lyase family. Thus, our results demonstrate that RLL6 locus-encoded protein not only participates in transcriptional anti-silencing of a transgene, but is also involved in DNA demethylation pathway.
Collapse
|
18
|
Su J, Yao Z, Wu Y, Lee J, Jeong J. Minireview: Chromatin-based regulation of iron homeostasis in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:959840. [PMID: 36186078 PMCID: PMC9523571 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.959840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Plants utilize delicate mechanisms to effectively respond to changes in the availability of nutrients such as iron. The responses to iron status involve controlling gene expression at multiple levels. The regulation of iron deficiency response by a network of transcriptional regulators has been extensively studied and recent research has shed light on post-translational control of iron homeostasis. Although not as considerably investigated, an increasing number of studies suggest that histone modification and DNA methylation play critical roles during iron deficiency and contribute to fine-tuning iron homeostasis in plants. This review will focus on the current understanding of chromatin-based regulation on iron homeostasis in plants highlighting recent studies in Arabidopsis and rice. Understanding iron homeostasis in plants is vital, as it is not only relevant to fundamental biological questions, but also to agriculture, biofortification, and human health. A comprehensive overview of the effect and mechanism of chromatin-based regulation in response to iron status will ultimately provide critical insights in elucidating the complexities of iron homeostasis and contribute to improving iron nutrition in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Su
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Zhujun Yao
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
| | - Yixuan Wu
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
| | - Joohyun Lee
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
| | - Jeeyon Jeong
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jing M, Zhang H, Wei M, Tang Y, Xia Y, Chen Y, Shen Z, Chen C. Reactive Oxygen Species Partly Mediate DNA Methylation in Responses to Different Heavy Metals in Pokeweed. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:845108. [PMID: 35463456 PMCID: PMC9021841 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.845108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation is a rapid response strategy promoting plant survival under heavy metal (HM) stress. However, the roles of DNA methylation underlying plant adaptation to HM stress remain largely unknown. Here, we used pokeweed, a hyperaccumulator of manganese (Mn) and cadmium (Cd), to explore responses of plant to HM stress at phenotypic, transcriptional and DNA methylation levels. Mn- and Cd-specific response patterns were detected in pokeweed. The growth of pokeweed was both inhibited with exposure to excess Mn/Cd, but pokeweed distinguished Mn and Cd with different subcellular distributions, ROS scavenging systems, transcriptional patterns including genes involved in DNA methylation, and differentially methylated loci (DML). The number of DML between Mn/Cd treated and untreated samples increased with increased Mn/Cd concentrations. Meanwhile, pretreatment with NADPH oxidase inhibitors prior to HM exposure markedly reduced HM-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), which caused reductions in expressions of DNA methylase and demethylase in pretreated samples. The increased levels of HM-induced demethylation were suppressed with alleviated ROS stress, and a series of HM-related methylated loci were also ROS-related. Taken together, our study demonstrates that different HMs affect different DNA methylation sites in a dose-dependent manner and changes in DNA methylation under Mn/Cd stress are partly mediated by HM-induced ROS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minyu Jing
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanchao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingyue Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongwei Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yahua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Multi-omics data integration reveals link between epigenetic modifications and gene expression in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris) in response to cold. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:144. [PMID: 35176993 PMCID: PMC8855596 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08312-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA methylation is thought to influence the expression of genes, especially in response to changing environmental conditions and developmental changes. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris), and other biennial or perennial plants are inevitably exposed to fluctuating temperatures throughout their lifecycle and might even require such stimulus to acquire floral competence. Therefore, plants such as beets, need to fine-tune their epigenetic makeup to ensure phenotypic plasticity towards changing environmental conditions while at the same time steering essential developmental processes. Different crop species may show opposing reactions towards the same abiotic stress, or, vice versa, identical species may respond differently depending on the specific kind of stress. Results In this study, we investigated common effects of cold treatment on genome-wide DNA methylation and gene expression of two Beta vulgaris accessions via multi-omics data analysis. Cold exposure resulted in a pronounced reduction of DNA methylation levels, which particularly affected methylation in CHH context (and to a lesser extent CHG) and was accompanied by transcriptional downregulation of the chromomethyltransferase CMT2 and strong upregulation of several genes mediating active DNA demethylation. Conclusion Integration of methylomic and transcriptomic data revealed that, rather than methylation having directly influenced expression, epigenetic modifications correlated with changes in expression of known players involved in DNA (de)methylation. In particular, cold triggered upregulation of genes putatively contributing to DNA demethylation via the ROS1 pathway. Our observations suggest that these transcriptional responses precede the cold-induced global DNA-hypomethylation in non-CpG, preparing beets for additional transcriptional alterations necessary for adapting to upcoming environmental changes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08312-2.
Collapse
|
21
|
Wen YX, Wang JY, Zhu HH, Han GH, Huang RN, Huang L, Hong YG, Zheng SJ, Yang JL, Chen WW. Potential Role of Domains Rearranged Methyltransferase7 in Starch and Chlorophyll Metabolism to Regulate Leaf Senescence in Tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:836015. [PMID: 35211145 PMCID: PMC8860812 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.836015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation is an important epigenetic mark involved in diverse biological processes. Here, we report the critical function of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Domains Rearranged Methyltransferase7 (SlDRM7) in plant growth and development, especially in leaf interveinal chlorosis and senescence. Using a hairpin RNA-mediated RNA interference (RNAi), we generated SlDRM7-RNAi lines and observed pleiotropic developmental defects including small and interveinal chlorosis leaves. Combined analyses of whole genome bisulfite sequence (WGBS) and RNA-seq revealed that silencing of SlDRM7 caused alterations in both methylation levels and transcript levels of 289 genes, which are involved in chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthesis, and starch degradation. Furthermore, the photosynthetic capacity decreased in SlDRM7-RNAi lines, consistent with the reduced chlorophyll content and repression of genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, photosystem, and photosynthesis. In contrast, starch granules were highly accumulated in chloroplasts of SlDRM7-RNAi lines and associated with lowered expression of genes in the starch degradation pathway. In addition, SlDRM7 was activated by aging- and dark-induced senescence. Collectively, these results demonstrate that SlDRM7 acts as an epi-regulator to modulate the expression of genes related to starch and chlorophyll metabolism, thereby affecting leaf chlorosis and senescence in tomatoes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guang Hao Han
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ru Nan Huang
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Huang
- Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Guo Hong
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shao Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei Chen
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Meng X, Li W, Shen R, Lan P. Ectopic expression of IMA small peptide genes confers tolerance to cadmium stress in Arabidopsis through activating the iron deficiency response. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126913. [PMID: 34419841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing cadmium (Cd) pollution severely affects plant growth and development, posing risks to human health via food chains. The Cd toxicity could be mitigated by improving Fe nutrient in plants. IMA1 and IMA3, two novel small peptides functionally epistatic to the key transcription factor bHLH39 but independent of bHLH104, were recently identified as the newest additions to the Fe regulatory cascade, but their roles in Cd uptake and toxicity remain not addressed. Here, the functions of two IMAs and two transcription factors related to Cd tolerance were verified. Overexpression of either bHLH39 or bHLH104 in Arabidopsis showed weak roles in Cd tolerance, but overexpression of IMAs, which activates the Fe-deficient response, significantly enhanced Cd tolerance, showing greater root elongation, biomass and chlorophyll contents. The Cd contents did not show significant difference among the overexpression lines. Further investigations revealed that the tolerance of transgenic plants to Cd mainly depended on higher Fe accumulation, which decreased the MDA contents and enhanced root elongation under Cd exposure, finally contributing to attenuating Cd toxicity. Taken together, the results suggest that increasing Fe accumulation is promising for improving plant tolerance to Cd toxicity and that IMAs are potential candidates for solving Cd toxicity problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenfeng Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Renfang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ping Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Niu M, Bao C, Zhan J, Yue X, Zou J, Su N, Cui J. Plasma membrane-localized protein BcHIPP16 promotes the uptake of copper and cadmium in planta. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112920. [PMID: 34678630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the toxic heavy metals in soil, which not only suppresses crop production but also threatens human health. In this study, we aim to clarify the biological function of Cd-related gene BcHIPP16, so as to provide potential genetic solutions to decrease the Cd levels of pak choi. Tissue expression analysis showed that BcHIPP16 expressed in almost all the plant bodies. The transcriptional level of BcHIPP16 in roots was higher than that in shoots, which was significantly induced by copper (Cu) deficiency and Cd exposure conditions. Subcellular localization revealed that BcHIPP16 localized in plasma membrane. Expressing BcHIPP16 in yeast cells improved the sensitivity to Cu and Cd and improved their accumulation in yeast. Furthermore, the Cu and Cd content of Arabidopsis seedlings were increased and complemented, respectively when expressing BcHIPP16 in wild type (WT) and hip16 mutants. Non-invasive Micro-test Technology (NMT) was used to measure the real-time Cd2+ influx from the root surface of BcHIPP16 transgenic Arabidopsis lines, and the result demonstrated that BcHIPP16 promoted Cd2+ influx into Arabidopsis root cells. Taken together, our study showed that BcHIPP16 contributed to absorbing nutrient metal Cu and heavy metal Cd in planta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Niu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Changjian Bao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Junyi Zhan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xiaomeng Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Jianwen Zou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Nana Su
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Jin Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
DNA methylation and histone modifications induced by abiotic stressors in plants. Genes Genomics 2021; 44:279-297. [PMID: 34837631 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01191-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A review of research shows that methylation in plants is more complex and sophisticated than in microorganisms and animals. Overall, studies on the effects of abiotic stress on epigenetic modifications in plants are still scarce and limited to few species. Epigenetic regulation of plant responses to environmental stresses has not been elucidated. This study summarizes key effects of abiotic stressors on DNA methylation and histone modifications in plants. DISCUSSION Plant DNA methylation and histone modifications in responses to abiotic stressors varied and depended on the type and level of stress, plant tissues, age, and species. A critical analysis of the literature available revealed that 44% of the epigenetic modifications induced by abiotic stressors in plants involved DNA hypomethylation, 40% DNA hypermethylation, and 16% histone modification. The epigenetic changes in plants might be underestimated since most authors used methods such as methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP), High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and immunolabeling that are less sensitive compared to bisulfite sequencing and single-base resolution methylome analyses. More over, mechanisms underlying epigenetic changes in plants have not yet been determined since most reports showed only the level or/and distribution of DNA methylation and histone modifications. CONCLUSIONS Various epigenetic mechanisms are involved in response to abiotic stressors, and several of them are still unknown. Integrated analysis of the changes in the genome by omic approaches should help to identify novel components underlying mechanisms involved in DNA methylation and histone modifications associated with plant response to environmental stressors.
Collapse
|
25
|
Rashid MM, Vaishnav A, Verma RK, Sharma P, Suprasanna P, Gaur RK. Epigenetic regulation of salinity stress responses in cereals. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:761-772. [PMID: 34773178 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06922-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cereals are important crops and are exposed to various types of environmental stresses that affect the overall growth and yield. Among the various abiotic stresses, salt stress is a major environmental factor that influences the genetic, physiological, and biochemical responses of cereal crops. Epigenetic regulation which includes DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodelling plays an important role in salt stress tolerance. Recent studies in rice genomics have highlighted that the epigenetic changes are heritable and therefore can be considered as molecular signatures. An epigenetic mechanism under salinity induces phenotypic responses involving modulations in gene expression. Association between histone modification and altered DNA methylation patterns and differential gene expression has been evidenced for salt sensitivity in rice and other cereal crops. In addition, epigenetics also creates stress memory that helps the plant to better combat future stress exposure. In the present review, we have discussed epigenetic influences in stress tolerance, adaptation, and evolution processes. Understanding the epigenetic regulation of salinity could help for designing salt-tolerant varieties leading to improved crop productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahtab Rashid
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Department of Plant Pathology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | - Anukool Vaishnav
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281121, India.,Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope (Reckenholz), 8046, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rakesh Kumar Verma
- Department of Biosciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh, Sikar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pradeep Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - P Suprasanna
- Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - R K Gaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Feng SJ, Liu XS, Cao HW, Yang ZM. Identification of a rice metallochaperone for cadmium tolerance by an epigenetic mechanism and potential use for clean up in wetland. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 288:117837. [PMID: 34329044 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that initiates diverse chronic diseases through food chains. Developing a biotechnology for manipulating Cd uptake in plants is beneficial to reduce environmental and health risks. Here, we identified a novel epigenetic mechanism underlying Cd accumulation regulated by an uncharacterized metallochaperone namely Heavy Metal Responsive Protein (HMP) in rice plants. OsHMP resides in cytoplasm and nucleus, dominantly induced by Cd stress and binds directly to Cd ions. OsHMP overexpression enhanced the rice growth under Cd stress but accumulated more Cd, whereas knockout or knockdown of OsHMP showed a contrasting effect. The enhanced Cd accumulation in the transgenic lines was confirmed by a long-term experiment with rice growing at the environmentally realistic Cd concentration in soil. The bisulfite sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation assessments revealed that Cd stress reduced significantly the DNA methylation at CpG (Cytosine-Guanine) and histone H3K9me2 marks in the upstream of OsHMP. By identifying a couple of mutants defective in DNA methylation and histone modification (H3K9me2) such as Osmet1 (methylatransfease1) and Ossdg714 (kryptonite), we found that the Cd-induced epigenetic hypomethylation at the region was associated with OsHMP overexpression, which consequently led to Cd detoxification in rice. The causal relationship was confirmed by the GUS reporter gene coupled with OsHMP and OsMET1 whereby OsMET1 repressed directly the OsHMP expression. Our work signifies that expression of OsHMP is required for Cd detoxification in rice plants, and the Cd-induced hypomethylation in the specific region is responsible for the enhanced OsHMP expression. In summary, this study gained an insight into the epigenetic mechanism for additional OsHMP expression which consequently ensures rice adaptation to the Cd-contaminated environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Jun Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Developmental Biology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Xue Song Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hong Wei Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhi Min Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sun W, Zhan J, Zheng T, Wu G, Xu H, Chen Y, Yao M, Zeng J, Yan J, Chen H. Involvement of several putative transporters of different families in β-cyclocitral-induced alleviation of cadmium toxicity in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) seedlings. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126474. [PMID: 34186425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has a serious negative impact on crop growth and human food security. This study investigated the alleviating effect of β-cyclocitral, a potential heavy metal barrier, on Cd stress in quinoa seedlings and the associated mechanisms. Our results showed that β-cyclocitral alleviated Cd stress-induced growth inhibition in quinoa seedlings and promoted quinoa seedling root development under Cd stress. Moreover, it maintained the antioxidant system of quinoa seedlings, including the enzymatic, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and nonenzymatic, i.e., reduced glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (ASA), antioxidants, which eliminate the damage from excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our results showed that β-cyclocitral could reduce the amount of Cd absorbed by roots. Furthermore, we systematically identified five transporter families from the quinoa genome, and the RT-qPCR results showed that ZIP, Nramp and YSL gene families were downregulated by β-cyclocitral to reduce Cd uptake by roots. Thus, β-cyclocitral promoted the growth, photosynthetic capacity and antioxidant capacity of the aboveground parts of quinoa seedlings. Taken together, these results suggested that the β-cyclocitral-induced decrease in Cd uptake may be caused by the downregulation of several selected transporter genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Sun
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Junyi Zhan
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210032, China.
| | - Tianrun Zheng
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Guoming Wu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Haishen Xu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Min Yao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Jing Zeng
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture Rural Affairs, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wu J, Li R, Lu Y, Bai Z. Sustainable management of cadmium-contaminated soils as affected by exogenous application of nutrients: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 295:113081. [PMID: 34171783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in arable land is of great concern as it impairs plant growth and further threats human health via food-chain. Exogenous supplementation of nutrients is an environmentally-friendly, cost-effective, convenient and feasible strategy for regulating Cd uptake, transport and accumulation in plants. To sustain Cd-contaminated soils management, on the one hand, a low level of the Cd-contaminated soil is expected to cultivate crops with decreased Cd accumulation as affected by exogenous nutrients application, on another hand, a high level of the Cd-contaminated soil is suggested to cultivate phytoextraction plants with increased Cd accumulation as affected by exogenous nutrients application. Nevertheless, effects of nutrients on Cd accumulation in plants are still ambiguous. Thus, data of Cd accumulation in shoots of plants as affected by exogenous application of nutrients were collected from previously published articles between 2005 and 2021 in the present study. According to the data, exogenous supply of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and silicon (Si) to a larger extent decrease Cd amounts in shoots of plants. By contrast, exogenous nitrogen (N), and deficient Ca, Mg and Fe supply have a great possibility to increase Cd amounts in shoots of plants. Although exogenous application of phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), potassium (K), zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) have a great opportunity to increase biomass, they show different effects on Cd concentrations. As a result, the odds are even for increasing and decreasing Cd amounts in shoots of plants. Taken together, exogenous application of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Si might decrease Cd accumulation in plants that are recommended for crops production. Exogenous N and deficient Ca, Mg and Fe supply might increase Cd accumulation in plants that are recommended for phytoextraction plants. Exogenous application of P, S, K, Zn and Se have half a chance to increase or decrease Cd accumulation in plants. Therefore, dosages, forms and species should be taken into account when exogenous P, S, K, Zn and Se are added.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China.
| | - Ruijuan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| | - Zhenqing Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Niekerk LA, Carelse MF, Bakare OO, Mavumengwana V, Keyster M, Gokul A. The Relationship between Cadmium Toxicity and the Modulation of Epigenetic Traits in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137046. [PMID: 34209014 PMCID: PMC8268939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated concentrations of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) have a negative impact on staple crop production due to their ability to elicit cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on plants. In order to understand the relationship between Cd stress and plants in an effort to improve Cd tolerance, studies have identified genetic mechanisms which could be important for conferring stress tolerance. In recent years epigenetic studies have garnered much attention and hold great potential in both improving the understanding of Cd stress in plants as well as revealing candidate mechanisms for future work. This review describes some of the main epigenetic mechanisms involved in Cd stress responses. We summarize recent literature and data pertaining to chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, histone acetylation and miRNAs in order to understand the role these epigenetic traits play in cadmium tolerance. The review aims to provide the framework for future studies where these epigenetic traits may be used in plant breeding and molecular studies in order to improve Cd tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Ann Niekerk
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (L.-A.N.); (M.F.C.); (O.O.B.)
| | - Mogamat Fahiem Carelse
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (L.-A.N.); (M.F.C.); (O.O.B.)
| | - Olalekan Olanrewaju Bakare
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (L.-A.N.); (M.F.C.); (O.O.B.)
| | - Vuyo Mavumengwana
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Campus, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
| | - Marshall Keyster
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (L.-A.N.); (M.F.C.); (O.O.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (A.G.); Tel.: +27-587185392 (M.K. & A.G.)
| | - Arun Gokul
- Department of Plant Sciences, Qwaqwa Campus, University of the Free State, Phuthadithjaba 9866, South Africa
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (A.G.); Tel.: +27-587185392 (M.K. & A.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tang M, Xu L, Wang Y, Dong J, Zhang X, Wang K, Ying J, Li C, Liu L. Melatonin-induced DNA demethylation of metal transporters and antioxidant genes alleviates lead stress in radish plants. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:124. [PMID: 34059663 PMCID: PMC8167184 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00561-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) is a tryptophan-derived natural product that plays a vital role in plant response to abiotic stresses, including heavy metals (HMs). However, it remains elusive how exogenous MT mediates lead (Pb) accumulation and detoxification at the methylation and transcriptional levels in radish. In this study, decreased Pb accumulation and increased antioxidant enzyme activity were detected under MT treatment in radish. Single-base resolution maps of DNA methylation under Pb stress (Pb200) and Pb plus MT treatment (Pb_50MT) were first generated. The genome-wide methylation level was increased under Pb stress, while an overall loss of DNA methylation was observed under MT treatment. The differentially methylated region (DMR)-associated genes between Pb_50MT and Pb200 were uniquely enriched in ion binding terms, including cation binding, iron ion binding, and transition metal ion binding. Hyper-DMRs between Pb200 and Control exhibited a decreasing trend of methylation under Pb_50MT treatment. A few critical upregulated antioxidant genes (e.g., RsAPX2, RsPOD52 and RsGST) exhibited decreased methylation levels under MT treatment, which enabled the radish plants to scavenge lead-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decrease oxidative stress. Notably, several MT-induced HM transporter genes with low methylation (e.g., RsABCF5, RsYSL7 and RsHMT) and transcription factors (e.g., RsWRKY41 and RsMYB2) were involved in reducing Pb accumulation in radish roots. These findings could facilitate comprehensive elucidation of the molecular mechanism underlying MT-mediated Pb accumulation and detoxification in radish and other root vegetable crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingjia Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Liang Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Junhui Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Ying
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Cui Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Liwang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wu X, Su N, Yue X, Fang B, Zou J, Chen Y, Shen Z, Cui J. IRT1 and ZIP2 were involved in exogenous hydrogen-rich water-reduced cadmium accumulation in Brassica chinensis and Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 407:124599. [PMID: 33360184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The results of Cd (cadmium) concentration, Cd2+ fluorescent staining, NMT (non-invasive micro-test technology) analysis of Cd absorption revealed the remarkably positive role of HRW in reducing Cd uptake by root of pak choi seedlings. BcIRT1 (iron-regulated transporter 1) and BcZIP2 (zinc-regulated transporter protein 2) are the main Cd transporters in pak choi, but their roles in the process of HRW-reduced Cd uptake is still far from being answered. In this study, we specifically verified the function of IRT1 and ZIP2 in HRW-reduced Cd absorption in pak choi and Arabidopsis thaliana. Heterologous and homologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana displayed that Cd concentrations in wild-type (Col-0) and transgenic A. thaliana of IRT1 and ZIP2 were significantly reduced by HRW, except for irt1- and zip2-mutant. NMT detection showed that HRW not only decreased Cd2+ influx in root of WT and transgenic lines, but also enhanced the competition between Zn and Cd. Taken together, the HRW-induced reduction of Cd accumulation in plants may be result from depressing the expression of BcIRT1 and BcZIP2 and affecting the preference of BcIRT1 and BcZIP2 in ion uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; The Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Nana Su
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaomeng Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Bo Fang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jianwen Zou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yahua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jin Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Su N, Niu M, Liu Z, Wang L, Zhu Z, Zou J, Chen Y, Cui J. Hemin-decreased cadmium uptake in pak choi (Brassica chinensis L.) seedlings is heme oxygenase-1 dependent and relies on its by-products ferrous iron and carbon monoxide. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 274:115882. [PMID: 33234366 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a major pollutant in farmland, which not only greatly restricts crop production, but also brings a serious threat to human health through entering the food chain. Our previous study showed that hemin treatment could reduce the accumulation of Cd in pak choi seedlings. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we used non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT) to detect the real-time Cd2+ flux from pak choi roots and demonstrated that hemin treatment decreased Cd uptake rather than its translocation within plants. Moreover, through comparing the responses of different chemical treatments in pak choi seedlings and Arabidopsis wild-type and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mutant, we provided evidence that hemin-decreased Cd uptake was HO-1 dependent. Furthermore, analyses of hemin degradation products suggested that the hemin-derived suppression of Cd uptake suppression was probably relying on its degradation by-products, ferrous iron (Fe2+) and carbon monoxide (CO), via repressing the expression of a Fe2+/Cd2+ transporter BcIRT1 in pak choi roots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Su
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mengyang Niu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ze Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Zhengbo Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianwen Zou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yahua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jin Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chakrabarti M, Mukherjee A. Investigating the underlying mechanism of cadmium-induced plant adaptive response to genotoxic stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 209:111817. [PMID: 33383339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants as sessile organisms have developed some unique strategies to withstand environmental stress and adaptive response (AR) is one of them. In the present study Cadmium (Cd)-induced AR was evaluated to ameliorate the genotoxicity of a known chemical mutagen ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) based on cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress in two model plant systems Allium cepa L. and Vicia faba L. Priming the plants with cadmium chloride (CdCl2, 25 and 50 μM) reduced the genotoxicity of EMS (0.25 mM). Cd-induced AR was evident by the magnitude of adaptive response (MAR) values calculated for cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and biochemical parameters. In addition the involvement of some major metabolic pathways and epigenetic modifications in AR was investigated. Metabolic blockers of protein kinase cascades, DNA repair, oxidative stress and de novo translation interfered with the adaptive response implying their role in AR whereas, inhibitors involved in post-replication repair and autophagy were ineffective implicating that they probably have no role in the AR studied. Moreover to find the role of DNA methylation in AR, methylation-sensitive comet assay was carried out. Simultaneously 5-methyl- 2'-deoxycytidine (5mdC) levels were quantified by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography). AR was eliminated in cells treated with a demethylating agent, 5-aza- 2'deoxycytidine (AZA). Results implied a contribution of DNA hypermethylation. To the best of our knowledge this is a first report correlating DNA methylation to Cd-induced adaptive response in plants undergoing genotoxic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoswini Chakrabarti
- Cell Biology and Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Centre of Advance Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Anita Mukherjee
- Cell Biology and Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Centre of Advance Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Galati S, Gullì M, Giannelli G, Furini A, DalCorso G, Fragni R, Buschini A, Visioli G. Heavy metals modulate DNA compaction and methylation at CpG sites in the metal hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2021; 62:133-142. [PMID: 33389774 DOI: 10.1002/em.22421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Excess heavy metals affect plant physiology by inducing stress symptoms, however several species have evolved the ability to hyperaccumulate metals in above-ground tissues without phytotoxic effects. In this study we assume that at subcellular level, different strategies were adopted by hyperaccumulator versus the non-accumulator plant species to face the excess of heavy metals. At this purpose the comet assay was used to investigate the nucleoid structure modifications occurring in response to Zn and Cd treatments in the I16 and PL22 populations of the hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri versus the nonaccumulator species Arabidopsis thaliana. Methy-sens comet assay and RT-qPCR were also performed to associate metal induced variations in nucleoids with possible epigenetic modifications. The comet assay showed that Zn induced a mild but non significant reduction in the tail moment in A. thaliana and in both I16 and PL22. Cd treatment induced an increase in DNA migration in nuclei of A. thaliana, whereas no differences in DNA migration was observed for I16, and a significant increase in nucleoid condensation was found in PL22 Cd treated samples. This last population showed higher CpG DNA methylation upon Cd treatment than in control conditions, and an up-regulation of genes involved in symmetric methylation and histone deacetylation. Our data support the hypothesis of a possible role of epigenetic modifications in the hyperaccumulation trait to cope with the high Cd shoot concentrations. In addition, the differences observed between PL22 and I16 could reinforce previous suggestions of divergent strategies for metals detoxification developing in the two metallicolous populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Galati
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Mariolina Gullì
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Antonella Furini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Rosaria Fragni
- SSICA, Experimental Station for the Food Preserving Industry, Parma, Italy
| | - Annamaria Buschini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanna Visioli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Whole-Genome DNA Methylation Analysis in Hydrogen Peroxide Overproducing Transgenic Tobacco Resistant to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10010178. [PMID: 33477999 PMCID: PMC7835756 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation is a key component of stress responses, acclimatization and adaptation processes in plants. DNA methylation is a stable mark plausible for the inheritance of epigenetic traits, such that it is a potential scheme for plant breeding. However, the effect of modulators of stress responses, as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), in the methylome status has not been elucidated. A transgenic tobacco model to the CchGLP gene displayed high H2O2 endogen levels correlated with biotic and abiotic stresses resistance. The present study aimed to determine the DNA methylation status changes in the transgenic model to obtain more information about the molecular mechanism involved in resistance phenotypes. The Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing analysis revealed a minimal impact of overall levels and distribution of methylation. A total of 9432 differential methylated sites were identified in distinct genome regions, most of them in CHG context, with a trend to hypomethylation. Of these, 1117 sites corresponded to genes, from which 83 were also differentially expressed in the plants. Several genes were associated with respiration, energy, and calcium signaling. The data obtained highlighted the relevance of the H2O2 in the homeostasis of the system in stress conditions, affecting at methylation level and suggesting an association of the H2O2 in the physiological adaptation to stress functional linkages may be regulated in part by DNA methylation.
Collapse
|
36
|
Sall ML, Fall B, Diédhiou I, Dièye EH, Lo M, Diaw AKD, Gningue-Sall D, Raouafi N, Fall M. Toxicity and Electrochemical Detection of Lead, Cadmium and Nitrite Ions by Organic Conducting Polymers: A Review. CHEMISTRY AFRICA-A JOURNAL OF THE TUNISIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-020-00157-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|