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Jiang K, Yu H, Kong L, Liu S, Li Q. Molecular characterization of transcription factor CREB3L2 and CREB3L3 and their role in melanogenesis in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 273:110970. [PMID: 38604561 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Colorful shells in mollusks are commonly attributable to the presence of biological pigments. In Pacific oysters, the inheritance patterns of several shell colors have been investigated, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms of melanogenesis and pigmentation. cAMP-response element binding proteins (CREB) are important transcription factors in the cAMP-mediated melanogenesis pathway. In this study, we characterized two CREB genes (CREB3L2 and CREB3L3) from Pacific oysters. Both of them contained a conserved DNA-binding and dimerization domain (a basic-leucine zipper domain). CREB3L2 and CREB3L3 were expressed highly in the mantle tissues and exhibited higher expression levels in the black-shell oyster than in the white. Masson-Fontana melanin staining and immunofluorescence analysis showed that the location of CREB3L2 protein was generally consistent with the distribution of melanin in oyster edge mantle. Dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed that CREB3L2 and CREB3L3 could activate the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) promoter and this process was regulated by the level of cAMP. Additionally, we found that cAMP regulated melanogenic gene expression through the CREB-MITF-TYR axis. These results implied that CREB3L2 and CREB3L3 play important roles in melanin synthesis and pigmentation in Pacific oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Lingfeng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shikai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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2
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Hirsch M, Pal S, Mehrabadi FR, Malikic S, Gruen C, Sassano A, Pérez-Guijarro E, Merlino G, Sahinalp C, Molloy EK, Day CP, Przytycka TM. Stochastic modelling of single-cell gene expression adaptation reveals non-genomic contribution to evolution of tumor subclones. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.17.588869. [PMID: 38712152 PMCID: PMC11071284 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.17.588869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Cancer progression is an evolutionary process driven by the selection of cells adapted to gain growth advantage. We present the first formal study on the adaptation of gene expression in subclonal evolution. We model evolutionary changes in gene expression as stochastic Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes, jointly leveraging the evolutionary history of subclones and single-cell expression data. Applying our model to sublines derived from single cells of a mouse melanoma revealed that sublines with distinct phenotypes are underlined by different patterns of gene expression adaptation, indicating non-genetic mechanisms of cancer evolution. Interestingly, sublines previously observed to be resistant to anti-CTLA-4 treatment showed adaptive expression of genes related to invasion and non-canonical Wnt signaling, whereas sublines that responded to treatment showed adaptive expression of genes related to proliferation and canonical Wnt signaling. Our results suggest that clonal phenotypes emerge as the result of specific adaptivity patterns of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.G. Hirsch
- National Library of Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland USA
| | - Soumitra Pal
- Neurobiology Neurodegeneration and Repair Lab, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Farid Rashidi Mehrabadi
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Salem Malikic
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Charli Gruen
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Antonella Sassano
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Eva Pérez-Guijarro
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIBM, CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Glenn Merlino
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cenk Sahinalp
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Erin K. Molloy
- Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland USA
- University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, College Park, Maryland USA
| | - Chi-Ping Day
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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3
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Binet R, Lambert JP, Tomkova M, Tischfield S, Baggiolini A, Picaud S, Sarkar S, Louphrasitthiphol P, Dias D, Carreira S, Humphrey TC, Fillipakopoulos P, White R, Goding CR. DNA damage remodels the MITF interactome to increase melanoma genomic instability. Genes Dev 2024; 38:70-94. [PMID: 38316520 PMCID: PMC10903946 DOI: 10.1101/gad.350740.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Since genome instability can drive cancer initiation and progression, cells have evolved highly effective and ubiquitous DNA damage response (DDR) programs. However, some cells (for example, in skin) are normally exposed to high levels of DNA-damaging agents. Whether such high-risk cells possess lineage-specific mechanisms that tailor DNA repair to the tissue remains largely unknown. Using melanoma as a model, we show here that the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor MITF, a lineage addition oncogene that coordinates many aspects of melanocyte and melanoma biology, plays a nontranscriptional role in shaping the DDR. On exposure to DNA-damaging agents, MITF is phosphorylated at S325, and its interactome is dramatically remodeled; most transcription cofactors dissociate, and instead MITF interacts with the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex. Consequently, cells with high MITF levels accumulate stalled replication forks and display defects in homologous recombination-mediated repair associated with impaired MRN recruitment to DNA damage. In agreement with this, high MITF levels are associated with increased single-nucleotide and copy number variant burdens in melanoma. Significantly, the SUMOylation-defective MITF-E318K melanoma predisposition mutation recapitulates the effects of DNA-PKcs-phosphorylated MITF. Our data suggest that a nontranscriptional function of a lineage-restricted transcription factor contributes to a tissue-specialized modulation of the DDR that can impact cancer initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romuald Binet
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Philippe Lambert
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cancer Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
- Endocrinology-Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Marketa Tomkova
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Samuel Tischfield
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Arianna Baggiolini
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Sarah Picaud
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Sovan Sarkar
- Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Pakavarin Louphrasitthiphol
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Diogo Dias
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne Carreira
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy C Humphrey
- Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Panagis Fillipakopoulos
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Richard White
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Colin R Goding
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom;
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Caraban BM, Aschie M, Deacu M, Cozaru GC, Pundiche MB, Orasanu CI, Voda RI. A Narrative Review of Current Knowledge on Cutaneous Melanoma. Clin Pract 2024; 14:214-241. [PMID: 38391404 PMCID: PMC10888040 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is a public health problem. Efforts to reduce its incidence have failed, as it continues to increase. In recent years, many risk factors have been identified. Numerous diagnostic systems exist that greatly assist in early clinical diagnosis. The histopathological aspect illustrates the grim nature of these cancers. Currently, pathogenic pathways and the tumor microclimate are key to the development of therapeutic methods. Revolutionary therapies like targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors are starting to replace traditional therapeutic methods. Targeted therapy aims at a specific molecule in the pathogenic chain to block it, stopping cell growth and dissemination. The main function of immune checkpoint inhibitors is to boost cellular immunity in order to combat cancer cells. Unfortunately, these therapies have different rates of effectiveness and side effects, and cannot be applied to all patients. These shortcomings are the basis of increased incidence and mortality rates. This study covers all stages of the evolutionary sequence of melanoma. With all these data in front of us, we see the need for new research efforts directed at therapies that will bring greater benefits in terms of patient survival and prognosis, with fewer adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Marian Caraban
- Clinical Department of Plastic Surgery, Microsurgery-Reconstructive, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mariana Aschie
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Romania, 030171 Bucharest, Romania
- The Romanian Academy of Scientists, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mariana Deacu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Georgeta Camelia Cozaru
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Genetics, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mihaela Butcaru Pundiche
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Department of General Surgery, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Cristian Ionut Orasanu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Raluca Ioana Voda
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
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Chocarro-Calvo A, Jociles-Ortega M, García-Martinez JM, Louphrasitthiphol P, Garcia YV, Ramírez-Sánchez A, Chauhan J, Fiuza MC, Duran M, García-Jiménez C, Goding CR. Phenotype-specific melanoma uptake of fatty acid from human adipocytes activates AXL and CAV1-dependent β-catenin nuclear accumulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.21.576568. [PMID: 38328032 PMCID: PMC10849526 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.21.576568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Phenotypic diversity of cancer cells within tumors generated through bi-directional interactions with the tumor microenvironment has emerged as a major driver of disease progression and therapy resistance. Nutrient availability plays a critical role in determining phenotype, but whether specific nutrients elicit different responses on distinct phenotypes is poorly understood. Here we show, using melanoma as a model, that only MITF Low undifferentiated cells, but not MITF High cells, are competent to drive lipolysis in human adipocytes. In contrast to MITF High melanomas, adipocyte-derived free fatty acids are taken up by undifferentiated MITF Low cells via a fatty acid transporter (FATP)-independent mechanism. Importantly, oleic acid (OA), a monounsaturated long chain fatty acid abundant in adipose tissue and lymph, reprograms MITF Low undifferentiated melanoma cells to a highly invasive state by ligand-independent activation of AXL, a receptor tyrosine kinase associated with therapy resistance in a wide range of cancers. AXL activation by OA then drives SRC-dependent formation and nuclear translocation of a β-catenin-CAV1 complex. The results highlight how a specific nutritional input drives phenotype-specific activation of a pro-metastasis program with implications for FATP-targeted therapies.
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Al Hmada Y, Brodell RT, Kharouf N, Flanagan TW, Alamodi AA, Hassan SY, Shalaby H, Hassan SL, Haikel Y, Megahed M, Santourlidis S, Hassan M. Mechanisms of Melanoma Progression and Treatment Resistance: Role of Cancer Stem-like Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:470. [PMID: 38275910 PMCID: PMC10814963 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the third most common type of skin cancer, characterized by its heterogeneity and propensity to metastasize to distant organs. Melanoma is a heterogeneous tumor, composed of genetically divergent subpopulations, including a small fraction of melanoma-initiating cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) and many non-cancer stem cells (non-CSCs). CSCs are characterized by their unique surface proteins associated with aberrant signaling pathways with a causal or consequential relationship with tumor progression, drug resistance, and recurrence. Melanomas also harbor significant alterations in functional genes (BRAF, CDKN2A, NRAS, TP53, and NF1). Of these, the most common are the BRAF and NRAS oncogenes, with 50% of melanomas demonstrating the BRAF mutation (BRAFV600E). While the successful targeting of BRAFV600E does improve overall survival, the long-term efficacy of available therapeutic options is limited due to adverse side effects and reduced clinical efficacy. Additionally, drug resistance develops rapidly via mechanisms involving fast feedback re-activation of MAPK signaling pathways. This article updates information relevant to the mechanisms of melanoma progression and resistance and particularly the mechanistic role of CSCs in melanoma progression, drug resistance, and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Al Hmada
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (Y.A.H.); (R.T.B.)
| | - Robert T. Brodell
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (Y.A.H.); (R.T.B.)
| | - Naji Kharouf
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas W. Flanagan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Abdulhadi A. Alamodi
- College of Health Sciences, Jackson State University, 310 W Woodrow Wilson Ave Ste 300, Jackson, MS 39213, USA;
| | - Sofie-Yasmin Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany;
| | - Hosam Shalaby
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Sarah-Lilly Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany;
| | - Youssef Haikel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaire, Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mosaad Megahed
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital of Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Simeon Santourlidis
- Epigenetics Core Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Institute of Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany;
| | - Mohamed Hassan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Research Laboratory of Surgery-Oncology, Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Xiao H, Shiu J, Chen CF, Wu J, Zhou P, Telang SS, Ruiz-Vega R, Nie Q, Lander AD, Ganesan AK. Uncovering Minimal Pathways in Melanoma Initiation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.08.570336. [PMID: 38106189 PMCID: PMC10723457 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.08.570336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanomas are clinically and histologically heterogeneous. Most display activating mutations in Braf or Nras and complete loss of function of one or more tumor suppressor genes. Mouse models that replicate such mutations produce fast-growing, pigmented tumors. However, mice that combine Braf activation with only heterozygous loss of Pten also produce tumors and, as we show here, in an Albino background this occurs even with Braf activation alone. Such tumors arise rarely, grow slowly, and express low levels of pigmentation genes. The timing of their appearance was consistent with a single step stochastic event, but no evidence could be found that it required de novo mutation, suggesting instead the involvement of an epigenetic transition. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis revealed such tumors to be heterogeneous, including a minor cell type we term LNM ( L ow-pigment, N eural- and extracellular M atrix-signature) that displays gene expression resembling "neural crest"-like cell subsets detected in the fast-growing tumors of more heavily-mutated mice, as well as in human biopsy and xenograft samples. We provide evidence that LNM cells pre-exist in normal skin, are expanded by Braf activation, can transition into malignant cells, and persist with malignant cells through multiple rounds of transplantation. We discuss the possibility that LNM cells not only serve as a pre-malignant state in the production of some melanomas, but also as an important intermediate in the development of drug resistance.
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Gong Y, Hao D, Zhang Y, Tu Y, He B, Yan L. Molecular Subtype Classification of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and Immune Infiltration Microenvironment Based on Bioinformatics Analysis of Osteoclast-Regulatory Genes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2701. [PMID: 37893075 PMCID: PMC10604900 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is common in postmenopausal women but is often asymptomatic until a fracture occurs, highlighting the importance of early screening and preventive interventions. This study aimed to develop molecular subtype risk stratification of postmenopausal osteoporosis and analyze the immune infiltration microenvironment. Microarray data for osteoporosis were downloaded and analyzed. Logistic and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses were used to construct the molecular risk model. Circulating blood samples were collected from 10 enrolled participants to validate the key differentially expressed genes, and consistent clustering based on the expression profiles of candidate genes was performed to obtain molecular subtypes. Three key genes, CTNNB1, MITF, and TNFSF11, were obtained as variables and used to construct the risk model. External experimental validation showed substantial differences in the three key genes between patients with osteoporosis and the controls (p < 0.05). Three subtypes were obtained based on dimensionality reduction clustering results. Cluster 3 had significantly more patients with low bone mineral density (BMD), whereas Cluster 2 had significantly more patients with high BMD (p < 0.05). This study introduced a novel molecular risk model and subtype classification system, which is an evidence-based screening strategy that will guide the active prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporosis in high-risk postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Gong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.G.); (D.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (B.H.)
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.G.); (D.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (B.H.)
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.G.); (D.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (B.H.)
| | - Yongyong Tu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.G.); (D.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (B.H.)
| | - Baorong He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.G.); (D.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (B.H.)
| | - Liang Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China; (Y.G.); (D.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (B.H.)
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9
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Hwang SJ, Bang HJ, Lee HJ. Ginsenoside Re inhibits melanogenesis and melanoma growth by downregulating microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115037. [PMID: 37393867 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Panax ginseng, also known as Korean ginseng, is a traditional remedy widely used in Asian countries. Its major active compounds are ginsenosides, specifically triterpenoid saponins. Among them, one notable ginsenoside called Re has shown various biological effects, including anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the potential beneficial effects of Re on melanogenesis and skin cancer remain poorly understood. To investigate this, we conducted a comprehensive study using biochemical assays, cell-based models, a zebrafish pigment formation model, and a tumor xenograft model. Our results revealed that Re effectively inhibited melanin biosynthesis in a dose-dependent manner by competitively inhibiting the activity of tyrosinase, an enzyme involved in melanin production. Moreover, Re significantly reduced the mRNA expression levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a key regulator of melanin biosynthesis and melanoma growth. Furthermore, Re decreased the protein expression of MITF and its target genes, including tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2, through a partially ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation mechanism, mediated by the AKT and ERK signaling pathways. These findings indicate that Re exerts its hypopigmentary effects by directly inhibiting tyrosinase activity and suppressing its expression via MITF. Additionally, Re demonstrated inhibitory effects on skin melanoma growth and induced tumor vascular normalization in our in vivo experiments. This study represents the first evidence of Re-mediated inhibition of melanogenesis and skin melanoma, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms. These promising preclinical findings warrant further investigation to determine the suitability of Re as a natural agent for treating hyperpigmentation disorders and skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jung Hwang
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, South Korea
| | - Hye Jung Bang
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jong Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, South Korea.
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10
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Binet R, Lambert JP, Tomkova M, Tischfield S, Baggiolini A, Picaud S, Sarkar S, Louphrasitthiphol P, Dias D, Carreira S, Humphrey T, Fillipakopoulos P, White R, Goding CR. DNA damage-induced interaction between a lineage addiction oncogenic transcription factor and the MRN complex shapes a tissue-specific DNA Damage Response and cancer predisposition. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.21.537819. [PMID: 37131595 PMCID: PMC10153263 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.21.537819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Since genome instability can drive cancer initiation and progression, cells have evolved highly effective and ubiquitous DNA Damage Response (DDR) programs. However, some cells, in skin for example, are normally exposed to high levels of DNA damaging agents. Whether such high-risk cells possess lineage-specific mechanisms that tailor DNA repair to the tissue remains largely unknown. Here we show, using melanoma as a model, that the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor MITF, a lineage addition oncogene that coordinates many aspects of melanocyte and melanoma biology, plays a non-transcriptional role in shaping the DDR. On exposure to DNA damaging agents, MITF is phosphorylated by ATM/DNA-PKcs, and unexpectedly its interactome is dramatically remodelled; most transcription (co)factors dissociate, and instead MITF interacts with the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex. Consequently, cells with high MITF levels accumulate stalled replication forks, and display defects in homologous recombination-mediated repair associated with impaired MRN recruitment to DNA damage. In agreement, high MITF levels are associated with increased SNV burden in melanoma. Significantly, the SUMOylation-defective MITF-E318K melanoma predisposition mutation recapitulates the effects of ATM/DNA-PKcs-phosphorylated MITF. Our data suggest that a non-transcriptional function of a lineage-restricted transcription factor contributes to a tissue-specialised modulation of the DDR that can impact cancer initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romuald Binet
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Jean-Philippe Lambert
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cancer Research Center and Big Data Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada; Endocrinology – Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada, G1V 4G2
| | - Marketa Tomkova
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Samuel Tischfield
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Arianna Baggiolini
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sarah Picaud
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sovan Sarkar
- CRUK MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Pakavarin Louphrasitthiphol
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Diogo Dias
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Suzanne Carreira
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Timothy Humphrey
- CRUK MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Panagis Fillipakopoulos
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Richard White
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Colin R Goding
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
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Wang H, Zhang H, Chen Y, Wang H, Tian Y, Yi X, Shi Q, Zhao T, Zhang B, Gao T, Guo S, Li C, Guo W. Targeting Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Exacerbates Ferroptosis and Increases the Efficacy of Melanoma Immunotherapy via the Regulation of MITF. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223580. [PMID: 36429010 PMCID: PMC9688625 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer, resulting from the malignant transformation of epidermal melanocytes. Recent revolutionary progress in targeted therapy and immunotherapy has prominently improved the treatment outcome, but the survival of melanoma patients remains suboptimal. Ferroptosis is greatly involved in cancer pathogenesis and can execute the outcome of immunotherapy. However, the detailed regulatory mechanisms of melanoma cell ferroptosis remain elusive. Herein, we report that Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulates ferroptosis and melanoma immunotherapy efficacy via the regulation of MITF. First of all, we found that Wnt/β-catenin signaling was prominently suppressed in melanoma cell ferroptosis. Then, we proved that targeting β-catenin exacerbated melanoma cell ferroptosis by promoting the generation of lipid peroxidation both in vitro and in vivo. Subsequent mechanistic studies revealed that MITF mediated the effect of Wnt/β-catenin signaling on melanoma cell ferroptosis, and PGC1α and SCD1 were documented as two main effectors downstream of Wnt/β-catenin-MITF pathway. Ultimately, pharmacological inhibition of β-catenin or MITF increased the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in preclinical xenograft tumor model by promoting ferroptosis. Taken together, Wnt/β-catenin signaling deficiency exacerbates ferroptosis in melanoma via the regulation of MITF. Targeting Wnt/β-catenin-MITF pathway could be a promising strategy to potentiate ferroptosis and increase the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hengxiang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Huina Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yangzi Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiuli Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Baolu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Tianwen Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Sen Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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