1
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Photoinitiator of photosensitizer? Dual behaviour of m-terphenyls in photopolymerization processes. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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2
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The optimization of photoinitiation system for holography by receiving the protection from dithiothreitol. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Lang M, Hirner S, Wiesbrock F, Fuchs P. A Review on Modeling Cure Kinetics and Mechanisms of Photopolymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14102074. [PMID: 35631956 PMCID: PMC9145830 DOI: 10.3390/polym14102074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Photopolymerizations, in which the initiation of a chemical-physical reaction occurs by the exposure of photosensitive monomers to a high-intensity light source, have become a well-accepted technology for manufacturing polymers. Providing significant advantages over thermal-initiated polymerizations, including fast and controllable reaction rates, as well as spatial and temporal control over the formation of material, this technology has found a large variety of industrial applications. The reaction mechanisms and kinetics are quite complex as the system moves quickly from a liquid monomer mixture to a solid polymer. Therefore, the study of curing kinetics is of utmost importance for industrial applications, providing both the understanding of the process development and the improvement of the quality of parts manufactured via photopolymerization. Consequently, this review aims at presenting the materials and curing chemistry of such ultrafast crosslinking polymerization reactions as well as the research efforts on theoretical models to reproduce cure kinetics and mechanisms for free-radical and cationic photopolymerizations including diffusion-controlled phenomena and oxygen inhibition reactions in free-radical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Lang
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben, 8700 Leoben, Austria;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-384-242-962-753
| | - Stefan Hirner
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, University of Technology Graz, NAWI Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.H.); (F.W.)
| | - Frank Wiesbrock
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, University of Technology Graz, NAWI Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.H.); (F.W.)
| | - Peter Fuchs
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben, 8700 Leoben, Austria;
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4
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Liu R, Mabury SA. Printing ink related chemicals, including synthetic phenolic antioxidants, organophosphite antioxidants, and photoinitiators, in printing paper products and implications for human exposure. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 149:106412. [PMID: 33548846 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although synthetic antioxidants (AOs) and photoinitiators (PIs) are known to be used in printing inks, there are little data on residual concentrations in printing paper products. In the present study, twenty-five PIs, ten AOs, and six transformation products were analyzed in two types of printing paper products, magazines and paperboard food packaging materials, both of which are unavoidable everyday products in our life. Nine AOs and six transformation products can be detected in food packaging materials with total concentrations (geometric mean, GM) of 1.16 × 104 ng/dm2. Twenty-two PIs were detected in food packaging materials with total concentrations (GM) of 1.76 × 104 ng/dm2. These chemicals were also detected in magazines, albeit at low concentrations (GM of AOs: 466 ng/dm2, GM of PIs: 1.17 × 103 ng/dm2). Magazine front covers were found to have much higher concentrations of the target compounds than magazine inside pages. Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate (AO168O), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), bisphenol A (BPA), and benzophenone (BP) were among the predominant chemicals in those printing paper products. Preliminary calculations suggest that dermal exposure to AOs (GM: 6.25 ng/day) and PIs (GM: 17.0 ng/day) via contact with printing paper products is a minor exposure pathway compared to food intake/dust ingestion and is exceedingly unlikely to cause adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 3H6, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Scott A Mabury
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 3H6, Ontario, Canada
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5
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Ley C, IShak A, Metral B, Brendlé J, Allonas X. Tailoring a hybrid three-component photoinitiating system for 3D printing. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:20507-20514. [PMID: 32966421 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03153d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the field of additive manufacturing DLP vat technologies are promising 3D printing techniques. The need of highly efficient photoiniating systems drives us to the development of photocyclic 3-component initiators. In order to improve the 3D printing sensitivity, we present in this paper the use of synthesized clay to tune up the photochemistry underlying the initiating radical production. Therefore, a three-component initiating system, based on a cationic dye, two coinitiators and with a clay filler suitable for DLP 3D printing of acrylate resins leading to high quality of parts and low printing time, is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ley
- LPIM, UHA, 3b rue A. Werner, 68200 Mulhouse, France.
| | - A IShak
- LPIM, UHA, 3b rue A. Werner, 68200 Mulhouse, France.
| | - B Metral
- LPIM, UHA, 3b rue A. Werner, 68200 Mulhouse, France.
| | - J Brendlé
- IS2M, CNRS UMR 7361, 15 Rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - X Allonas
- LPIM, UHA, 3b rue A. Werner, 68200 Mulhouse, France.
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6
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Rogers B, Martin S, Naydenova I. Study of the Effect of Methyldiethanolamine Initiator on the Recording Properties of Acrylamide Based Photopolymer. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040734. [PMID: 32218188 PMCID: PMC7240398 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of Holographic Optical Elements (HOEs) in applications, such as in light shaping and redirection, requires certain characteristics such as a high Diffraction Efficiency, low angular selectivity and stability against UV damage. In order to maximize the performance of the HOEs, photosensitive materials are needed that have been optimised for the characteristics that are of particular importance in that application. At the core of the performance of these devices is the refractive index modulation created during holographic recording. Typically, a higher refractive index modulation will enable greater light Diffraction Efficiency and also operation with thinner devices, which in turn decreases the angular selectivity and the stability of the refractive index modulation introduced during recording, which is key to the longevity of the device. Solar concentrators based on volume HOEs can particularly benefit from thinner devices, because, for a solar concentrator to have a high angular working range, thinner photopolymer layers with a smaller angular selectivity are required. This paper presents an optimisation of an acrylamide-based photopolymer formulation for an improved refractive index modulation and recording speed. This was achieved by studying the effect of the concentration of acrylamide and the influence of different initiators in the photopolymer composition on the diffraction efficiency of holographic gratings. Two initiators of different molecular weights were compared: triethanolamine (TEA) and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA). A fivefold increase in the rate of grating formation was achieved through the modification of the acrylamide concentration alone, and it was also found that holograms recorded with MDEA as the initiator performed the best and recorded up to 25% faster than a TEA-based photopolymer. Finally, tests were carried out on the stability of the protected and unprotected photopolymer layers when subjected to UV light. The properties exhibited by this photopolymer composition make it a promising material for the production of optical elements and suitable for use in applications requiring prolonged exposure to UV light when protected by a thin melinex cover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Rogers
- Centre for Industrial and Engineering Optics/School of Physics and Clinical and Optometric Sciences, College of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, D08 NF82 Dublin, Ireland; (B.R.); (S.M.)
- FOCAS Institute, Technological University Dublin, 13 Camden row, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Martin
- Centre for Industrial and Engineering Optics/School of Physics and Clinical and Optometric Sciences, College of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, D08 NF82 Dublin, Ireland; (B.R.); (S.M.)
- FOCAS Institute, Technological University Dublin, 13 Camden row, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Izabela Naydenova
- Centre for Industrial and Engineering Optics/School of Physics and Clinical and Optometric Sciences, College of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, D08 NF82 Dublin, Ireland; (B.R.); (S.M.)
- FOCAS Institute, Technological University Dublin, 13 Camden row, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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7
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Li J, Li W, Gao X, Liu L, Shen M, Chen H, Zhu M, Zeng L, Zeng EY. Occurrence of multiple classes of emerging photoinitiators in indoor dust from E-waste recycling facilities and adjacent communities in South China and implications for human exposure. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 136:105462. [PMID: 31924579 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photoinitiators (PIs) are indispensable additives in photopolymerization. PI-containing consumables, such as adhesives, coatings, UV-cured inks and light-sensitive materials, are widely used in various electronic products. Nevertheless, there is no information concerning the identification of PIs as emerging contaminants from e-waste recycling. In this study, 25 PIs, including 9 benzophenones (BZPs), 8 amine coinitiators (ACIs), 4 thioxanthones (TXs) and 4 phosphine oxides (POs), were analyzed in indoor dust from typical e-waste recycling facilities and adjacent rural communities, as well as from control urban communities. All 25 target PIs were detected in e-waste dust, while only 17 and 15 of the 25 target PIs were detected in local home dust and urban home dust, respectively. The PIs detected in all dust samples were dominated by BZPs and POs, followed by ACIs and TXs. Most PIs exhibited significantly higher levels in e-waste dust than local or urban home dust. The influence of PI contamination on the local household environment by dust diffusion and transport from near e-waste recycling facilities may be lower due to the low volatility of most PIs. Characteristic composition profiles of PIs for indoor dust from the e-waste recycling area were identified and compared to those from the control area. Significant correlations were found among almost all the frequently detected PIs in the e-waste dust, indicating their similar application in electronic products and common emission from e-waste recycling. The estimated daily intakes of PIs via dust ingestion for the e-waste dismantling workers, as determined by using Monte Carlo analysis, were several times higher than those for the local adult residents and the general urban adult residents, which should be an emerging concern. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing that e-waste dismantling/recycling activities lead to largely common releases of a wide range of multiple classes of PIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Wenzheng Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Xiaoming Gao
- Quality Management Center, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Liangying Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Mingjie Shen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Mingshan Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Lixi Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
| | - Eddy Y Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
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8
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Nejadebrahim A, Ebrahimi M, Allonas X, Croutxé-Barghorn C, Ley C, Métral B. A new safranin based three-component photoinitiating system for high resolution and low shrinkage printed parts via digital light processing. RSC Adv 2019; 9:39709-39720. [PMID: 35541386 PMCID: PMC9076221 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09170j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing or 3D printing has attracted the interest of researchers in industry and academia because of its outstanding features. In this study, a new three-component photoinitiating system (PIS) consisting of safranin O (SFH+), thiol derivatives and diphenyl iodonium salt was used for the free radical photopolymerization of a diacrylate monomer (SR349) in DLP 3D printing. The photoinitiating characteristics of this PIS were evaluated and advantageously compared to those of a conventional PI (TPO) by using RT-FTIR. It is shown that the proposed PIS could be used as an efficient PIS for free radical photopolymerization. In addition, the resolution and shrinkage of printed parts in the presence of this three-component PIS were measured and compared to those printed using TPO as a photoinitiator. The resolution of printed parts was determined by using SEM and profilometry techniques. In addition, photorheometry was used to evaluate the linear shrinkage of samples. Moreover, the initiating mechanism of the three-component PIS was studied by using laser flash photolysis (LFP). A photocyclic mechanism was outlined for the three-component PIS which demonstrated this mechanism would be very beneficial for DLP 3D printing. The resolution and shrinkage of DLP 3D printed parts improve remarkably when SFH+/RSH/IOD+ is used as a photoinitiating system.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Nejadebrahim
- Polymer and Color Engineering Dept., Amirkabir University of Technology 424 Hafez Ave. Tehran Iran
| | - Morteza Ebrahimi
- Polymer and Color Engineering Dept., Amirkabir University of Technology 424 Hafez Ave. Tehran Iran
| | - Xavier Allonas
- Laboratory of Molecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace 3b Rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Céline Croutxé-Barghorn
- Laboratory of Molecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace 3b Rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Christian Ley
- Laboratory of Molecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace 3b Rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Boris Métral
- Laboratory of Molecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace 3b Rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
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9
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Metral B, Bischoff A, Ley C, Ibrahim A, Allonas X. Photochemical Study of a Three‐Component Photocyclic Initiating System for Free Radical Photopolymerization: Implementing a Model for Digital Light Processing 3D Printing. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Metral
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingéniérie MacromoléculairesUniversité de Haute-Alsace 3b rue A. Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Adrien Bischoff
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingéniérie MacromoléculairesUniversité de Haute-Alsace 3b rue A. Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Christian Ley
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingéniérie MacromoléculairesUniversité de Haute-Alsace 3b rue A. Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Ahmad Ibrahim
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingéniérie MacromoléculairesUniversité de Haute-Alsace 3b rue A. Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Xavier Allonas
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingéniérie MacromoléculairesUniversité de Haute-Alsace 3b rue A. Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
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10
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Liu R, Mabury SA. Identification of Photoinitiators, Including Novel Phosphine Oxides, and Their Transformation Products in Food Packaging Materials and Indoor Dust in Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:4109-4118. [PMID: 30942572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Although photopolymerization is generally considered a green technology, the contamination of foodstuffs by photoinitiators (PIs), an essential component of photopolymerization systems, has recently attracted notice. Despite this interest, little attention has been paid to PI contamination in the environment. To date, only one study, performed in China, has reported the occurrence of PIs in the environment. In the present study, the occurrence of 25 PI additives with discrete molecular structures was investigated in food packaging materials and indoor dust. The PIs studied here include benzophenones (BZPs), thioxanthones (TXs), amine co-initiators (ACIs), and novel phosphine oxides (POs). Twenty-four PIs were detected in food packaging materials. Total concentrations of PIs (∑PIs) ranged between 122 and 44 113 ng/g, with a geometric mean (GM) of 3375 ng/g. The photodegradation of PIs in food packaging materials was investigated for the first time, and the half-lives of PIs in these materials were found to range from 32 to 289 h. These 24 PIs were also detected in indoor dust samples (GM of ∑PIs = 1483 ng/g). The relative abundances of different PIs were found to vary between the packaging materials and the indoor dust, which is attributed in part to the different stabilities of different PIs under simulated sunlight. Using standards synthesized in our lab, four TX transformation products (GM: 34.8 ng/g) were also detected in indoor dust. The concentrations of the transformation products were higher than the concentrations of the parent chemicals in indoor dust. Thus, further studies exploring human exposure to TXs should include these transformation products to avoid underestimation. This is the first report of PIs and relevant transformation products in the indoor environment in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 Saint George Street , Toronto , M5S 3H6 , Ontario , Canada
| | - Scott A Mabury
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 Saint George Street , Toronto , M5S 3H6 , Ontario , Canada
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11
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Christmann J, Allonas X, Ley C, Croutxé-Barghorn C. The role of ketyl radicals in free radical photopolymerization: new experimental and theoretical insights. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01185k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the role of ketyl radicals produced by the abstraction of a hydrogen from an amine by a thioxanthone-based photoinitiator is considered within the scope of the free radical photopolymerization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Christmann
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering
- University of Haute-Alsace
- 68093 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Xavier Allonas
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering
- University of Haute-Alsace
- 68093 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Christian Ley
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering
- University of Haute-Alsace
- 68093 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Céline Croutxé-Barghorn
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering
- University of Haute-Alsace
- 68093 Mulhouse
- France
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12
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Experimental and theoretical investigations of free radical photopolymerization: Inhibition and termination reactions. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Bonardi AH, Dumur F, Noirbent G, Lalevée J, Gigmes D. Organometallic vs organic photoredox catalysts for photocuring reactions in the visible region. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:3025-3046. [PMID: 30591826 PMCID: PMC6296434 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progresses achieved in terms of synthetic procedures allow now the access to polymers of well-defined composition, molecular weight and architecture. Thanks to these recent progresses in polymer engineering, the scope of applications of polymers is far wider than that of any other class of material, ranging from adhesives, coatings, packaging materials, inks, paints, optics, 3D printing, microelectronics or textiles. From a synthetic viewpoint, photoredox catalysis, originally developed for organic chemistry, has recently been applied to the polymer synthesis, constituting a major breakthrough in polymer chemistry. Thanks to the development of photoredox catalysts of polymerization, a drastic reduction of the amount of photoinitiators could be achieved, addressing the toxicity and the extractability issues; high performance initiating abilities are still obtained due to the catalytic approach which regenerates the catalyst. As it is a fast-growing field, this review will be mainly focused on an overview of the recent advances concerning the development of organic and organometallic photoredox catalysts for the photoreticulation of multifunctional monomers for a rapid and efficient access to 3D polymer networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude-Héloise Bonardi
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | | | - Jacques Lalevée
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L. Mako
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Joan M. Racicot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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15
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Ley C, Brendlé J, Miranda M, Allonas X. Spectroscopic Studies of the Interactions between a Cationic Cyanine Dye and a Synthetic Phyllosilicate: From Photophysics to Hybrid Materials. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:6812-6818. [PMID: 28602081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of the cationic organic dye Astrazon orange R (AO-R) with the synthetic phyllosilicate Laponite leads to very interesting hybrid materials. Indeed, the Laponite nanoparticles modify the photophysical properties of AO-R, inducing a stabilization of its excited emissive state by preventing ultrafast isomerization. The long-lived emissive clay-dye hybrid complex can be used to develop efficient photoinitiating systems, leading to organic-inorganic hybrid crosslinked polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ley
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires and ‡Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS-UMR7361, Université de Haute-Alsace , 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Jocelyne Brendlé
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires and ‡Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS-UMR7361, Université de Haute-Alsace , 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Moise Miranda
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires and ‡Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS-UMR7361, Université de Haute-Alsace , 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Allonas
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires and ‡Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS-UMR7361, Université de Haute-Alsace , 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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16
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Shanmugam S, Xu J, Boyer C. Photocontrolled Living Polymerization Systems with Reversible Deactivations through Electron and Energy Transfer. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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17
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Christmann J, Allonas X, Ley C, Ibrahim A, Croutxé-Barghorn C. Triazine-Based Type-II Photoinitiating System for Free Radical Photopolymerization: Mechanism, Efficiency, and Modeling. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Christmann
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering; 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Xavier Allonas
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering; 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Christian Ley
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering; 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Ahmad Ibrahim
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering; 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
| | - Céline Croutxé-Barghorn
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering; 3b rue Alfred Werner 68093 Mulhouse France
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Christmann J, Shi S, Ibrahim A, Ley C, Croutxé-Barghorn C, Bessières M, Allonas X. Mechanistic Investigation of a Dual Bicyclic Photoinitiating System for Synthesis of Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:1972-1981. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b11829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Christmann
- Laboratory
of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute-Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Suqing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Material Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, PR China
| | - Ahmad Ibrahim
- Laboratory
of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute-Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Christian Ley
- Laboratory
of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute-Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Céline Croutxé-Barghorn
- Laboratory
of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute-Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Marjolaine Bessières
- Laboratory
of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute-Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Xavier Allonas
- Laboratory
of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute-Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
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19
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Jian K, Nie J, Li D, Yang J. A one-component photoinitiator based on 4-methylbenzophenone and morpholine. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090416060099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Ley C, Ibrahim A, Allonas X. Isomerization controlled photopolymerization: effect of dye photophysics on photoinitiation efficiency. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 15:1054-60. [PMID: 27443964 DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00028b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of free radical polymerization by photoinitiating systems based on two Astrazon orange cyanine dyes was shown to be directly related to the isomerization process of the dye in the excited states. The impact of resin viscosity on photopolymerization reactions was measured and related to the overall radical quantum yields. The quantum yields were calculated according to the photocyclic behaviour of the initiating systems based on the Astrazon orange dyes. These dyes are characterized by a viscosity dependent photophysics, which leads to an isomerization-diffusion-controlled photopolymerization. Besides this demonstration, Astrazon orange dyes appeared to be very good candidates for free radical photopolymerization in the visible, presenting high absorption coefficient, low cost and good sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ley
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d'Ingénierie Macromoléculaires, ENSCMu, Université de Haute-Alsace, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France.
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21
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Zivic N, Bouzrati-Zerelli M, Kermagoret A, Dumur F, Fouassier JP, Gigmes D, Lalevée J. Photocatalysts in Polymerization Reactions. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201501389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Zivic
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273; F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Mariem Bouzrati-Zerelli
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2 M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | - Anthony Kermagoret
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273; F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273; F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Jean-Pierre Fouassier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2 M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
- ENSCMu-UHA; 3 rue Alfred Werner 68057 Mulhouse France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS; Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273; F-13397 Marseille France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2 M; UMR CNRS 7361, UHA; 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
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22
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Ibrahim A, Fouhaili BE, Yong AC, Ley C, Allonas X, Carré C. Optimization of a Safranine O three-component photoinitiating system for use in holographic recording. CAN J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2014-0606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The coupling between a holographic resin, combining multiple monomers and additives, with photoinitiating systems (PIS) is not straightforward. In this paper, a classic PIS based on Safranine O (SFH+) as dye, an amine (ethyl-4-(dimethylamino)benzoate) as electron donor, and a triazine derivative (2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine) as electron acceptor for holographic recording was studied using time-resolved spectroscopic experiments. By taking into account the viscosity of the matrix, a method to evaluate the overall quantum yield of radicals released is proposed and the contribution of singlet and triplet excited states of SFH+ in the formation of radicals is evaluated. Then the corresponding photopolymerization efficiencies of the PIS, studied by real-time FTIR, are compared with holographic recording experiments: this system allows the formation of a hologram with high diffraction efficiency (0.9) in 3 s of irradiation time. It is shown that besides holographic resin formulation, the photochemistry of PIS also impacts the hologram formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ibrahim
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Bandar El Fouhaili
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Aurélie Chan Yong
- Institut MINES-TELECOM; TELECOM Bretagne; Département d’Optique, Technopôle Brest Iroise CS 83818, F 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
- UMR FOTON, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, ENSSAT, 6 rue de Kerampont, CS 80518, F 22305 Lannion, France
| | - Christian Ley
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Xavier Allonas
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Photochemistry and Engineering, University of Haute Alsace, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Christiane Carré
- UMR FOTON, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, ENSSAT, 6 rue de Kerampont, CS 80518, F 22305 Lannion, France
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23
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Goourey GG, Wong-Wah-Chung P, Delor-Jestin F, Légeret B, Balan L, Israëli Y. Photostability of acrylate photopolymers used as components in recording materials. Polym Degrad Stab 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Grim JC, Marozas IA, Anseth KS. Thiol-ene and photo-cleavage chemistry for controlled presentation of biomolecules in hydrogels. J Control Release 2015; 219:95-106. [PMID: 26315818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels have emerged as promising scaffolds in regenerative medicine for the delivery of biomolecules to promote healing. However, increasing evidence suggests that the context that biomolecules are presented to cells (e.g., as soluble verses tethered signals) can influence their bioactivity. A common approach to deliver biomolecules in hydrogels involves physically entrapping them within the network, such that they diffuse out over time to the surrounding tissues. While simple and versatile, the release profiles in such system are highly dependent on the molecular weight of the entrapped molecule relative to the network structure, and it can be difficult to control the release of two different signals at independent rates. In some cases, supraphysiologically high loadings are used to achieve therapeutic local concentrations, but uncontrolled release can then cause deleterious off-target side effects. In vivo, many growth factors and cytokines are stored in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and released on demand as needed during development, growth, and wound healing. Thus, emerging strategies in biomaterial chemistry have focused on ways to tether or sequester biological signals and engineer these bioactive scaffolds to signal to delivered cells or endogenous cells. While many strategies exist to achieve tethering of peptides, protein, and small molecules, this review focuses on photochemical methods, and their usefulness as a mild reaction that proceeds with fast kinetics in aqueous solutions and at physiological conditions. Photo-click and photo-caging methods are particularly useful because one can direct light to specific regions of the hydrogel to achieve spatial patterning. Recent methods have even demonstrated reversible introduction of biomolecules to mimic the dynamic changes of native ECM, enabling researchers to explore how the spatial and dynamic context of biomolecular signals influences important cell functions. This review will highlight how two photochemical methods have led to important advances in the tissue regeneration community, namely the thiol-ene photo-click reaction for bioconjugation and photocleavage reactions that allow for the removal of protecting groups. Specific examples will be highlighted where these methodologies have been used to engineer hydrogels that control and direct cell function with the aim of inspiring their use in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Grim
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Ian A Marozas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Kristi S Anseth
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
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Medel S, Bosch P. New fluorescent hyperbranched polymeric sensors as probes for monitoring photopolymerization reactions. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Sun F, Li Y, Zhang N, Nie J. Initiating gradient photopolymerization and migration of a novel polymerizable polysiloxane α-hydroxy alkylphenones photoinitiator. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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27
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Ibrahim A, Allonas X, Ley C, Fouhaili BE, Carr^|^eacute; C. Photocyclic Initiating System for Free Radical Photopolymerization Studied Through Holographic Recording. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2014. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.27.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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