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Campestre MP, Antonelli CJ, Castagno NL, Maguire VG, Ruiz OA. Interspecific hybridization and inoculation with Pantoea eucalypti improve forage performance of Lotus crop species under alkaline stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:245-256. [PMID: 38196283 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
This study was designed to elucidate the physiological responses of three Lotus forage accessions to alkaline stress, and the influence of inoculating with Pantoea eucalypti endophyte strain on alkaline stress mitigation. A diploid L. corniculatus (Lc) accession, L. tenuis (Lt), and the interspecific hybrid Lt × Lc obtained from these two parental lines were exposed to alkaline stress (pH 8.2). Both Lt and the Lt × Lc hybrid are alkaline-tolerant compared to Lc, based on observations that dry mass was not reduced under stress, and there were no chlorosis symptoms on leaf blades. In all three Lotus accessions, Fe2+ concentration under stress decreased in aerial parts and simultaneously increased in roots. Inoculation with P. eucalypti considerably increased Fe2+ content in shoots of all three Lotus forage species under alkaline treatment. Photochemical efficiency of PSII was affected in Lc accession only when exposed to alkaline treatment. However, when cultivated under alkalinity with inoculation, plants recovered and had photosynthetic parameters equivalent to those in the control treatment. Together, the results highlight the importance of inoculation with P. eucalypti, which contributes significantly to mitigating alkaline stress. All results provide useful information for improving alkaline tolerance traits of Lotus forage species and their interspecific hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Campestre
- Laboratorio de Estrés Biótico y Abiótico en Plantas, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - C J Antonelli
- Laboratorio de Estrés Biótico y Abiótico en Plantas, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - N L Castagno
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Planta-Microorganismo, Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET-UNSAM), Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías (UNSAM), Chascomús, Argentina
| | - V G Maguire
- Laboratorio de Estrés Biótico y Abiótico en Plantas, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - O A Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Estrés Biótico y Abiótico en Plantas, Chascomús, Argentina
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Physiological and Anatomical Mechanisms in Wheat to Cope with Salt Stress Induced by Seawater. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9020237. [PMID: 32059414 PMCID: PMC7076414 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two pot experiments were conducted in a greenhouse to examine 14C fixation and its distribution in biochemical leaf components, as well as the physiological and anatomical adaptability responses of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown with seawater diluted to 0.2, 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 dS m-1. The results showed significant reductions in chlorophyll content, 14C fixation (photosynthesis), plant height, main stem diameter, total leaf area per plant, and total dry weight at 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 dS m-1 seawater salt stress. The 14C loss was very high at 12.0 ds m-1 after 120 h. 14C in lipids (ether extract) showed significant changes at 12.0 dS m-1 at 96 and 120 h. The findings indicated the leaf and stem anatomical feature change of wheat plants resulting from adaptation to salinity stress. A reduction in the anatomical traits of stem and leaf diameter, wall thickness, diameter of the hollow pith cavity, total number of vascular bundles, number of large and small vascular bundles, bundle length and width, thickness of phloem tissue, and diameter of the metaxylem vessel of wheat plants was found. In conclusion, salt stress induces both anatomical and physiological changes in the stem and leaf cells of wheat, as well as the tissues and organs, and these changes in turn make it possible for the plants to adapt successfully to a saline environment.
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Geng G, Li R, Stevanato P, Lv C, Lu Z, Yu L, Wang Y. Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis of Sugar Beet Reveals Different Mechanisms of Response to Neutral Salt and Alkaline Salt Stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:571864. [PMID: 33193507 PMCID: PMC7604294 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.571864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The salinization and alkalization of soil are widespread environmental problems. Sugar beet (B. vulgaris L.) is a moderately salt tolerant glycophyte, but little is known about the different mechanisms of sugar beet response to salt and alkaline stresses. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of neutral salt (NaCl:Na2SO4, 1:1) and alkaline salt (Na2CO3) treatment on physiological and transcriptome changes in sugar beet. We found that a low level of neutral salt (NaCl:Na2SO4; 1:1, Na+ 25 mM) or alkaline salt (Na2CO3, Na+ 25 mM) significantly enhanced total biomass, leaf area and photosynthesis indictors in sugar beet. Under a high concentration of alkaline salt (Na2CO3, Na+ 100 mM), the growth of plants was not significantly affected compared with the control. But a high level of neutral salt (NaCl: Na2SO4; 1:1, Na+ 100 mM) significantly inhibited plant growth and photosynthesis. Furthermore, sugar beet tends to synthesize higher levels of soluble sugar and reducing sugar to cope with high neutral salt stress, and more drastic changes in indole acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) contents were detected. We used next-generation RNA-Seq technique to analyze transcriptional changes under neutral salt and alkaline salt treatment in sugar beet. Overall, 4,773 and 2,251 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in leaves and roots, respectively. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that genes involving cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis, sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis had simultaneously changed expression under low neutral salt or alkaline salt, so these genes may be related to stimulating sugar beet growth in both low salt treatments. Genes enriched in monoterpenoid biosynthesis, amino acids metabolism and starch and sucrose metabolism were specifically regulated to respond to the high alkaline salt. Meanwhile, compared with high alkaline salt, high neutral salt induced the expression change of genes involved in DNA replication, and decreased the expression of genes participating in cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis, and linoleic acid metabolism. These results indicate the presence of different mechanisms responsible for sugar beet responses to neutral salt and alkaline salt stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Geng
- Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Center of Technology Innovation, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Sugar Beet Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Renren Li
- College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Piergiorgio Stevanato
- DAFNAE, Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse Naturali e Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Padova, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Chunhua Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhengyu Lu
- Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Center of Technology Innovation, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Sugar Beet Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Lihua Yu
- Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Center of Technology Innovation, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Sugar Beet Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Center of Technology Innovation, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Sugar Beet Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Yuguang Wang,
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Białowiec A, Koziel JA, Manczarski P. Stomatal Conductance Measurement for Toxicity Assessment in Zero-Effluent Constructed Wetlands: Effects of Landfill Leachate on Hydrophytes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E468. [PMID: 30764569 PMCID: PMC6388108 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16030468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this research, we explore for the first time the use of leaf stomatal conductance (gs) for phytotoxicity assessment. Plants respond to stress by regulating transpiration. Transpiration can be correlated with stomatal conductance when the water vapor pressure gradient for transpiration is constant. Thus, our working hypothesis was that the gs measurement could be a useful indicator of the effect of toxic compounds on plants. This lab-scale study aimed to test the measurement of gs as a phytotoxicity indicator. Our model plants were two common hydrophytes used in zero-effluent constructed wetlands for treating landfill leachate. The toxic influence of two types of leachate from old landfills (L1, L2) on common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) and sweet flag (Acorus calamus L.) was tested. The gs measurements correlated well with plant response to treatments with six solutions (0 to 100%) of landfill leachate. Sweet flag showed higher tolerance to leachate solutions compared to common reed. The estimated lowest effective concentration (LOEC) causing the toxic effect values for these leachates were 3.94% of L1 and 5.76% of L2 in the case of reed, and 8.51% of L1 and 10.44% of L2 in the case of sweet flag. Leachate L1 was more toxic than L2. The leaf stomatal conductance measurement can be conducted in vivo and in the field. The proposed approach provides a useful parameter for indicating plant responses to the presence of toxic factors in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Białowiec
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37a Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Jacek A Koziel
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Piotr Manczarski
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland.
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Singh D, Singh CK, Kumari S, Singh Tomar RS, Karwa S, Singh R, Singh RB, Sarkar SK, Pal M. Discerning morpho-anatomical, physiological and molecular multiformity in cultivated and wild genotypes of lentil with reconciliation to salinity stress. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177465. [PMID: 28542267 PMCID: PMC5444645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
One hundred and sixty two genotypes of different Lens species were screened for salinity tolerance in hydroponics at 40, 80 and 120 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) for 30 d. The germination, seedling growth, biomass accumulation, seedling survivability, salinity scores, root and shoot anatomy, sodium ion (Na+), chloride ion (Cl-) and potassium ion (K+) concentrations, proline and antioxidant activities were measured to evaluate the performance of all the genotypes. The results were compared in respect of physiological (Na+, K+ and Cl-) and seed yield components obtained from field trials for salinity stress conducted during two years. Expression of salt tolerance in hydroponics was found to be reliable indicator for similarity in salt tolerance between genotypes and was evident in saline soil based comparisons. Impressive genotypic variation for salinity tolerance was observed among the genotypes screened under hydroponic and saline field conditions. Plant concentrations of Na+ and Cl- at 120 mM NaCl were found significantly correlated with germination, root and shoot length, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots, seedling survivability, salinity scores and K+ under controlled conditions and ranked the genotypes along with their seed yield in the field. Root and shoot anatomy of tolerant line (PDL-1) and wild accession (ILWL-137) showed restricted uptake of Na+ and Cl- due to thick layer of their epidermis and endodermis as compared to sensitive cultigen (L-4076). All the genotypes were scanned using SSR markers for genetic diversity, which generated high polymorphism. On the basis of cluster analysis and population structure the contrasting genotypes were grouped into different classes. These markers may further be tested to explore their potential in marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail: (DS); (RS); (MP)
| | - Chandan Kumar Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shanti Kumari
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sourabh Karwa
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajendra Singh
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail: (DS); (RS); (MP)
| | - Raja Bahadur Singh
- ICAR-All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Salt affected Soil and Saline Use in Irrigation Water in Agriculture, Raja Balwant Singh College, Bichpuri, Agra, India
| | | | - Madan Pal
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail: (DS); (RS); (MP)
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Paz RC, Rocco RA, Jiménez-Bremont JF, Rodríguez-Kessler M, Becerra-Flora A, Menéndez AB, Ruíz OA. Identification of differentially expressed genes potentially involved in the tolerance of Lotus tenuis to long-term alkaline stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2014; 82:279-288. [PMID: 25025825 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Soil alkalinity is one of the most serious agricultural problems limiting crop yields. The legume Lotus tenuis is an important forage acknowledged by its ability to naturally grow in alkaline soils. To gain insight into the molecular responses that are activated by alkalinity in L. tenuis plants, subtractive cDNA libraries were generated from leaves and roots of these plants. Total RNAs of non-stressed plants (pH 5.8; E.C. 1.2), and plants stressed by the addition of 10 mM of NaHCO3 (pH 9.0; E.C. 1.9), were used as source of the driver and the tester samples, respectively. RNA samples were collected after 14 and 28 days of treatment. A total of 158 unigenes from leaves and 92 unigenes from roots were obtained and classified into 11 functional categories. Unigenes from these categories (4 for leaves and 8 for roots), that were related with nutrient metabolism and oxidative stress relief were selected, and their differential expression analyzed by qRT-PCR. These genes were found to be differentially expressed in a time dependent manner in L. tenuis during the alkaline stress application. Data generated from this study will contribute to the understanding of the general molecular mechanisms associated to plant tolerance under long-term alkaline stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalía Cristina Paz
- Grupo INTERBIODES (Interacciones Biológicas del Desierto/Biological Interactions of Desert), CIGEOBIO (FCEFyN, UNSJ/CONICET), Dpto. de Biología, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (Oeste), J5402DCS Rivadavia, San Juan, Argentina.
| | - Rubén Anibal Rocco
- Unidad de Biotecnología 1, IIB-IINTECH/UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Juan Francisco Jiménez-Bremont
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICyT), Camino a la Presa de San José No. 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, CP 78216 San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
| | - Margarita Rodríguez-Kessler
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Salvador Nava s/n, Zona Universitaria, C.P. 78290 San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
| | - Alicia Becerra-Flora
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICyT), Camino a la Presa de San José No. 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, CP 78216 San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
| | - Ana Bernardina Menéndez
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; PROPLAME-PRHIDEB (CONICET), Argentina.
| | - Oscar Adolfo Ruíz
- Unidad de Biotecnología 1, IIB-IINTECH/UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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