1
|
Sun X, Tang Z, Zheng G, Du H, Li P. Effects of different cellular and subcellular characteristics on the atmospheric Pb uptake, distribution and morphology in Tillandsia usneoides leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108400. [PMID: 38295526 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a widespread highly toxic and persistent environmental pollutant. Plant leaves play a key role in accumulating atmospheric Pb, but its distribution in different cells and subcellular structures and the factors affecting it have been little studied. Here, Tillandsia usneoides, an indicator plant for atmospheric heavy metals, was treated with an aerosol generation device to analyze Pb contents in different cells (three types of cells in leaf surface scales, epidermal cells, mesophyll cells, vascular bundle cells), subcellular structures (cell wall, cell membrane, vacuoles, and organelles) and cell wall components (pectin, hemicellulose 1 and 2, and cellulose). Results show the different cells of T. usneoides leaves play distinct roles in the process of Pb retention. The outermost wing cells are structures that capture external pollutants, while mesophyll cells, as the aggregation site after material transport, ring cells, disc cells, epidermal cells, and vascular cells are material transporters. Pb was only detected in the cell wall and pectin, indicating the cell wall was the dominant subcellular structure for Pb retention, while pectin was the main component affecting Pb retention. FTIR analysis of cell wall components indicated the esterified carboxyl (CO) functional group in pectin may function in absorbing Pb. Pb entered leaf cells mainly in the form of low toxicity and activity to enhance its resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Sun
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China; Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhen Tang
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Guiling Zheng
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Hongxia Du
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Z, Deng Q, Ye H, Ge G. Bacterial and fungal diversities examined through high-throughput sequencing in response to lead contamination of tea garden soil. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1121199. [PMID: 37032858 PMCID: PMC10073568 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1121199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have indicated that the heavy-metal content in tea is increasing gradually. Researchers examining the soil of more than 100 tea gardens in China have observed that lead content was higher in some soils. The effect of lead contamination on soil microorganisms in tea gardens was studied to determine the effect of lead on the essential functions of microorganisms in a tea garden soil ecosystem. Previous studies on pot experiments adopted the method of adding a single instance of pollution, which failed to comprehensively simulate the characteristics of the slow accumulation of heavy metals in soil. This study designed with two pollution modes (multistage and single instance) determined the content of soil lead in different forms according to the European Community Bureau of Reference extraction procedure. The community structure, species diversity and functional abundance of soil bacteria and fungi were examined by high-throughput sequencing. We observed that the content of four forms of lead was higher in the multistage contamination mode than in the single instance contamination mode. The effects of lead contamination on bacteria differed significantly (p < 0.05), and the abundance and diversity of bacteria were higher in the multistage contamination mode than in the single instance contamination mode. The community structure of fungi was more affected by lead than was that of bacteria. The content of each lead form was the environmental factor most strongly affecting soil bacteria and fungi. The predicted main function of the bacterial community was amino acid transport and metabolism, and the trophic mode of the fungal community was mainly pathotroph-saprotroph. This study revealed changes in soil microorganisms caused by different forms of lead and contamination methods in tea garden soil and provide a theoretical basis for examining the effects of lead contamination on soil microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Qingmei Deng
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Biotechnology Centre, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Gaofei Ge
- Biotechnology Centre, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Gaofei Ge,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu C, Yu J, Cao S, Wu X, Meng W, Hou X. Transcriptomics-based analysis of genes related to lead stress and their expression in the roots of Pogonatherum crinitum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1066329. [PMID: 36589065 PMCID: PMC9795032 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1066329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Revealing plants' tolerance and transport genes to heavy metal stress play an important role in exploring the potential of phytoremediation. Taking the heavy metal lead (Pb) hyperaccumulator plant Pogonatherum crinitum (Thunb.) Kunth as the research object, a hydroponic simulation stress experiment was set up to determine the physiological indicators such as antioxidant enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the roots of P. crinitum under different Pb concentrations (0, 300, 500, 1000, 2000 mg·L-1). RNA-Seq was performed, the Unigenes obtained by transcriptome sequencing were enriched and annotated by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases, and the differential expression genes (DEGs) of root were screened and verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The results are as follows: with the increase of Pb concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbic acid (AsA) content increased. Peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and ascorbic acid-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycles showed low promotion with high inhibition. A total of 38.21 Gb of bases were obtained by transcriptome sequencing, and the base quality of each sample reached Q20 and Q30, accounting for 90%, making the sequencing results reliable. Combined with transcriptome sequencing, functional annotation, and qRT-PCR validation results, 17 root Pb-tolerant genes of P. crinitum were screened out, which were related to antioxidation, transportation, and transcription functions. Moreover, qRT-PCR verification results under different Pb stress concentrations were consistent with the transcriptome sequencing results and changes in physiological indicators. In brief, the root of P. crinitum can adapt to the Pb stress environment by up-regulating the expression of related genes to regulate the physiological characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Zhu
- Institute of Forestry and Environment, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junbao Yu
- Institute of Forestry and Environment, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuyi Cao
- Institute of Forestry and Environment, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Wu
- Institute of Forestry and Environment, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weicai Meng
- Institute of Forestry and Environment, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Hou
- Institute of Forestry and Environment, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Forestry and Grassland on Soil and Water Conservation of Red Soil Region in Southern China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou, China
- Cross-Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Soil and Water Conservation, Department of Education of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao M, Bai L, Li X, Wang S, Song Z. Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on lead toxicity in dandelion seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119349. [PMID: 35487467 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Increasing rates of commercialization and industrialization have led to the comprehensive evaluation of toxic effects of microplastics on crop plants. However, research on the impact of functionalized polystyrene nanoplastics on the toxicity of heavy metals remains limited. This study investigated the effects of polystyrene, carboxy-modified polystyrene, and amino-modified polystyrene on lead (Pb) toxicity in dandelion seedlings. The results showed that carboxy -modified polystyrene with a negative charge absorbed more Pb2+ than polystyrene and amino-modified polystyrene, and their maximum adsorption amounts were 5.328, 0.247, and 0.153 μg g-1, respectively. The hydroponic experiment demonstrated that single amino-modified polystyrene was more toxic to dandelion seedlings than polystyrene and carboxy-modified polystyrene. The presence of Pb2+ was found to increase antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) and non-antioxidant enzymes (glutathione and ascorbic acid) activities in response to excessive reactive oxygen species in dandelion leaves and roots treated with polystyrene and carboxy-modified polystyrene, while it did not change much when amino-modified polystyrene was added. Interestingly, compared with single Pb2+, the addition of amino-modified polystyrene with positive charges induced an obvious decrease in the above parameters; however, they declined slightly in the treatments with polystyrene and carboxy-modified polystyrene despite a stronger adsorption capacity for Pb2+. Similarly, the bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, polyphenols, and polysaccharides in dandelion, showed a scavenging effect on O2- and H2O2, thereby inhibiting the accumulation and reducing medicinal properties. This study found that the effects of microplastics on the uptake, distribution, and toxicity of heavy metals depended on the nanoparticle surface charge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minling Gao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, No. 243 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515063, China
| | - Linsen Bai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, No. 243 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515063, China
| | - Xitong Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, No. 243 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515063, China
| | - Shengli Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, No. 399 Binshui West Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Zhengguo Song
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, No. 243 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515063, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rahbari A, Fatemi H, Esmaiel Pour B, Rizwan M, Soltani AA. Lead (Pb)-resistant bacteria inhibit Pb accumulation in dill (Anethum graveolens L.) by improving biochemical, physiological, and antioxidant enzyme response of plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:5704-5713. [PMID: 32968907 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of heavy metal in the soil is a serious concern for sustainable food production due to their toxic effects on plants and other living things. The strategies are required on urgent bases for the management of metal-contaminated soils. Thus, the microbes from the genus Pseudomonas were characterized for different traits and lead (Pb)-resistant ability and their effects were assessed on growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant capacity, and Pb uptake by dill (Anethum graveolens L.). Furthermore, soil basal respiration and induced respiration in soil were also assessed under microbes and Pb stress. Among the tested three strains, Pseudomonas P159 and P150 were more tolerant to Pb stress than Pseudomonas P10, whereas P159 showed the highest values for phosphorus (P), siderophore, auxin, and hydrogen cyanide production. The bacterial inoculation increased the plant shoot dry weights, carbohydrates, proline, and chlorophyll contents under Pb stress. The catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities of the plants were higher in bacterial-treated plants than control. The bacterial inoculation decreased Pb concentration in plants, and the response varied with the type of microbes. The bacterial strains enhanced the soil basal and induced respiration than respective Pb treatments alone. Overall, Pseudomonas P159 is potentially suitable for the remediation of Pb-contaminated soils. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akram Rahbari
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hamideh Fatemi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Behrooz Esmaiel Pour
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali-Ashraf Soltani
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hou XL, Han H, Tigabu M, Li QY, Li ZX, Zhu CL, Huang SQ, Cai LP, Liu AQ. Lead contamination alters enzyme activities and microbial composition in the rhizosphere soil of the hyperaccumulator Pogonatherum crinitum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111308. [PMID: 32931972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pogonatherum crinitum is a promising lead (Pb) hyperaccumulator; however, the effects of Pb contamination on P. crinitum rhizosphere soil enzymatic activities and microbial composition remain largely unexplored. Thus, an indoor experiment was conducted by cultivating P. crinitum seedlings and exposing them to four Pb concentrations (0, 1,000, 2000 and 3000 mg/kg Pb). Protease, urease, acid phosphatase and invertase activities were determined using standard methods while soil bacterial composition was determined by 16 S rDNA sequencing. The results showed that rhizosphere soil acid phosphatase activity significantly increased with increasing Pb concentration, while urease activity was significantly greater in rhizosphere soil contaminated with 1000 and 2000 mg/kg than in the control. There was a clear shift in bacterial composition during phytoremediation by P. crinitum. Compared to the control, Bacteroidetes was more abundant in all Pb-contaminated soils, Actinobacteria was more abundant in 1000 mg/kg Pb-treated soil, and Firmicutes was more abundant in 3000 mg/kg Pb-treated soil. Positive correlations were observed between dominant bacterial phyla and soil enzyme activities. Metabolic pathways, such as ABC transporter, quinine reductase, and ATP-binding protein were significantly increased in rhizosphere soil bacteria with Pb contamination. In conclusion, Pb contamination differentially influenced the activities of rhizosphere soil enzymes, specifically increasing acid phosphatase and urease activities, and alters the dominance of soil bacteria through up-regulation of genes related to some metabolic pathways. The strong correlations between dominant bacterial phyla and enzymatic activities suggest synergetic effects on the growth of P. crinitum during Pb contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Long Hou
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration for Soil and Water Conservation in Southern Red Soil Region, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hang Han
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Mulualem Tigabu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 49, 230 53, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Qi-Yan Li
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zong-Xun Li
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chen-Lu Zhu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Si-Qi Huang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Li-Ping Cai
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration for Soil and Water Conservation in Southern Red Soil Region, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ai-Qin Liu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration for Soil and Water Conservation in Southern Red Soil Region, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu Y, Hao Y, Wei Z, Cui H, Zhan Y. Effect of 1‐MCP coupling with carbon dioxide treatment on antioxidant enzyme activities and quality of fresh‐cut Fuji apples. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China
| | - Yicheng Hao
- College of Food Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China
| | - Zengyu Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China
| | - Hanyuan Cui
- Tianjin Research Center of Agricultural Biotechnology Tianjin China
| | - Yuexiang Zhan
- College of Food Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Optimization of lead and cadmium biosorption by Lactobacillus acidophilus using response surface methodology. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
9
|
Shah T, Munsif F, D'amato R, Nie L. Lead toxicity induced phytotoxic impacts on rapeseed and clover can be lowered by biofilm forming lead tolerant bacteria. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125766. [PMID: 31901662 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb+2) is a heavy metal and one of the main environmental pollutant, toxic to plants, animals and humans. Present study was conducted to evaluate ten plant growth promoting bacteria strains (B1-10) for biofilm production and their effect on growth indices, physiology, yield, antioxidant profile and lead uptake in rapeseed (Brassica napus) and clover (Trifolium repens) in lead polluted soil under nutrient broth medium and pot condition. Three pre-characterized biofilm forming lead tolerant growth promoting strains (B3: Pseudomonas fluorescens), B6: Pseudomonas putida and (B8: Bacillus safensis) were used to inoculate rapeseed and clover growing in the soil polluted with different levels (400, 800 and 1200 mg kg-1) of Pb arranged in completely randomized design with factorial arrangement. Results from screening experiment exhibited that more biofilm was produced by B3, B6 and B8 under highest level of lead contamination (1200 mg kg-1). Further, lead contamination decreased rapeseed and clover growth, physiology and yield at all levels of lead stress. But biofilm forming lead tolerant growth promoting bacteria application in lead contaminated soil enhanced rapeseed and clover growth, physiology, yield, antioxidant profile, proline and decreased malanodialdehyde content (which was decreased by different strains application under lead stress) of rapeseed and clover over no inoculation. Inoculation with all strains also increased the lead uptake in roots, shoots and decreased lead uptake in seeds of rapeseed and clover than plants in lead stress without inoculation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Shah
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China; Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Munsif
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan
| | - Roberto D'amato
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lixiao Nie
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dual Role of Metallic Trace Elements in Stress Biology-From Negative to Beneficial Impact on Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133117. [PMID: 31247908 PMCID: PMC6651804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals are an interesting group of trace elements (TEs). Some of them are minutely required for normal plant growth and development, while others have unknown biological actions. They may cause injury when they are applied in an elevated concentration, regardless of the importance for the plant functioning. On the other hand, their application may help to alleviate various abiotic stresses. In this review, both the deleterious and beneficial effects of metallic trace elements from their uptake by roots and leaves, through toxicity, up to the regulation of physiological and molecular mechanisms that are associated with plant protection against stress conditions have been briefly discussed. We have highlighted the involvement of metallic ions in mitigating oxidative stress by the activation of various antioxidant enzymes and emphasized the phenomenon of low-dose stimulation that is caused by non-essential, potentially poisonous elements called hormesis, which is recently one of the most studied issues. Finally, we have described the evolutionary consequences of long-term exposure to metallic elements, resulting in the development of unique assemblages of vegetation, classified as metallophytes, which constitute excellent model systems for research on metal accumulation and tolerance. Taken together, the paper can provide a novel insight into the toxicity concept, since both dose- and genotype-dependent response to the presence of metallic trace elements has been comprehensively explained.
Collapse
|
11
|
Xing Y, Wang Z, Zhang C, He W, Luo J. Balance Between Soil Remediation and Economic Benefits of Eucalyptus globulus. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 102:887-891. [PMID: 30976836 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02606-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A long term experiment was conducted to verify the phytoremediation effect of large biomass plants and to seek the balance between remediation effect and economy. Eucalyptus globulus were planted with rotation periods of respectively 3, 6 and 9 years to examine the effect on soil remediation. Biomass and concentrations of Cd, Pb and Cu in E. globulus were measured after each harvest. The economic value of the plant was estimated. Results showed E3 (9th year uprooted) had the best soil remediation effect and economic benefit. Therefore, soil remediation and economy were best balanced when E. globulus were not cut.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzi Xing
- KLETOR Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengli Wang
- KLETOR Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wenxiang He
- KLETOR Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Luo
- KLETOR Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|