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Deryabin A, Zhukova K, Naraikina N, Venzhik Y. Effect of Low Temperature on Content of Primary Metabolites in Two Wheat Genotypes Differing in Cold Tolerance. Metabolites 2024; 14:199. [PMID: 38668327 PMCID: PMC11052526 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The study of cold-tolerance mechanisms of wheat as a leading cereal crop is very relevant to science. Primary metabolites play an important role in the formation of increased cold tolerance. The aim of this research is to define changes in the content of primary metabolites (soluble proteins and sugars), growth, and photosynthetic apparatus of freezing-tolerant and cold-sustainable wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under optimal conditions and after prolonged (7 days) exposure to low temperature (4 °C). In order to gain a deeper comprehension of the mechanisms behind wheat genotypes' adaptation to cold, we determined the expression levels of photosynthetic genes (RbcS, RbcL) and genes encoding cold-regulated proteins (Wcor726, CBF14). The results indicated different cold-adaptation strategies of freezing-tolerant and cold-sustainable wheat genotypes, with soluble proteins and sugars playing a significant role in this process. In plants of freezing-tolerant genotypes, the strategy of adaptation to low temperature was aimed at increasing the content of soluble proteins and modification of carbohydrate metabolism. The accumulation of sugars was not observed in wheat of cold-sustainable genotypes during chilling, but a high content of soluble proteins was maintained both under optimal conditions and after cold exposure. The adaptation strategies of wheat genotypes differing in cold tolerance were related to the expression of photosynthetic genes and genes encoding cold-regulated proteins. The data improve our knowledge of physiological and biochemical mechanisms of wheat cold adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Deryabin
- K. A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia; (K.Z.); (N.N.); (Y.V.)
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Jing H, Wilkinson EG, Sageman-Furnas K, Strader LC. Auxin and abiotic stress responses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:7000-7014. [PMID: 37591508 PMCID: PMC10690732 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants are exposed to a variety of abiotic stresses; these stresses have profound effects on plant growth, survival, and productivity. Tolerance and adaptation to stress require sophisticated stress sensing, signaling, and various regulatory mechanisms. The plant hormone auxin is a key regulator of plant growth and development, playing pivotal roles in the integration of abiotic stress signals and control of downstream stress responses. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in understanding the intersection of auxin and abiotic stress in plants, with a focus on temperature, salt, and drought stresses. We also explore the roles of auxin in stress tolerance and opportunities arising for agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Jing
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27008, USA
| | | | | | - Lucia C Strader
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27008, USA
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Jan S, Kumar S, Yousuf M, Shafi S, Majid R, Khan MA, Jeelani F, Shikari AB, Kaur S, Kumar S, Kalia S, Singh K, Prasad M, Varshney RK, Mir RR. Do diverse wheat genotypes unleash their biochemical arsenal differentially to conquer cold stress? A comprehensive study in the Western Himalayas. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14069. [PMID: 38148247 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. Cold stress is a major constraint in production of wheat grown in cold climate regions. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of cold stress tolerance in wheat genotypes through field screening, cell membrane stability through electrolyte leakage assay and biochemical profiling. A core set comprising 4560 genotypes was evaluated for two years (2021-2022), revealing substantial genetic variation for cold stress tolerance. Most genotypes exhibited moderate tolerance, while a smaller proportion showed susceptibility to cold stress. Based on the cold screening data in the field, a mini-core set of 350 genotypes was selected for membrane stability analysis using electrical conductivity assays. Significant differences were observed in membrane stability among the genotypes, indicating the presence of genetic variation for this trait. Furthermore, a mini-core set was narrowed down to 50 diverse candidate genotypes that were subsequently profiled for various biochemicals, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) like lipid peroxidation (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 02 ), osmoprotectant (proline) and enzymatic antioxidants including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT). Correlation analysis of the biochemicals revealed negative associations between antioxidants and reactive oxygen species (ROS), highlighting their role in mitigating oxidative damage under cold stress. This study enhances our understanding of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying cold stress tolerance in wheat. The identified genotypes with superior cold stress tolerance can serve as valuable genetic resources for wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofora Jan
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture (FoA), Sopore, Kashmir, J&K, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture (FoA), Sopore, Kashmir, J&K, India
| | - Munaza Yousuf
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture (FoA), Sopore, Kashmir, J&K, India
| | - Safoora Shafi
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture (FoA), Sopore, Kashmir, J&K, India
| | - Ronak Majid
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture (FoA), Sopore, Kashmir, J&K, India
| | - M Anwar Khan
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture (FoA), Sopore, Kashmir, J&K, India
| | - Fehim Jeelani
- Division of Agricultural Economics & Statistics, Wadura, India
| | - Asif Bashir Shikari
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture (FoA), Sopore, Kashmir, J&K, India
| | - Satinder Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sundeep Kumar
- Division of Genomic Resources, NBPGR, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Kalia
- Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Gene Bank/Accelerated Crop Improvement Program, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - Manoj Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New-Dehli, India
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi, South Campus, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- Centre for Crop & Food Innovation, State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture (FoA), Sopore, Kashmir, J&K, India
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Zhou M, Zheng S. Multi-Omics Uncover the Mechanism of Wheat under Heavy Metal Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415968. [PMID: 36555610 PMCID: PMC9785819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution of heavy metals has received growing attention in recent years. Heavy metals such as cadmium, lead and mercury can cause physiological and morphological disturbances which adversely affect the growth and quality of crops. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) can accumulate high contents of heavy metals in its edible parts. Understanding wheat response to heavy metal stress and its management in decreasing heavy metal uptake and accumulation may help to improve its growth and grain quality. Very recently, emerging advances in heavy metal toxicity and phytoremediation methods to reduce heavy metal pollution have been made in wheat. Especially, the molecular mechanisms of wheat under heavy metal stress are increasingly being recognized. In this review, we focus on the recently described epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, ionomics and multi-omics combination, as well as functional genes uncovering heavy metal stress in wheat. The findings in this review provide some insights into challenges and future recommendations for wheat under heavy metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Shigang Zheng
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
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