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Feng R, Yang C, Zhang Y, Chen B. Decline in reproductive health and its transgenerational lag effect. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:173994. [PMID: 38879036 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
In the last two decades, there has been a fast-growing prevalence of infertility reported in China. Moreover, Chinese reproductive health has shown a clear decline. Thus, it is imperative to determine the precipitating causes and the root causes of this decline. Environmental and climate risks (ECRs) may cause the decline in reproductive health. Experimental findings have shown that the impact of ECRs on reproductive health can be passed down from both males and females to their offspring, demonstrating an intergenerational and transgenerational lag effect. We perceive that the declined reproductive health may lead to negative demographic consequences in China; therefore, we suggest the following five regulations be implemented: (i) prevent Chinese of childbearing age from exposure to ECRs; (ii) further develop and promote assisted reproductive technology and set up sperm and ovum banks on a national scale; (iii) quantitatively establish the causality between fathers and mothers who suffer from ECRs and the impaired reproductive health in their progeny; (iv) teach ECRs-health knowledge in psychotherapeutic training and continuing education; and (v) propagate and further promote common prosperity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Feng
- School of engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Cuiyu Yang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020, China
| | - Yinli Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020, China.
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Sultana D, Hoover S. Analysis of gasoline-related pollutant exposures and risks in California between 1996 and 2014. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024; 34:518-528. [PMID: 38066330 PMCID: PMC11222143 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-023-00615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gasoline-powered vehicles and equipment are an important source of air pollution in California. Many gasoline-related pollutants pose significant health concerns. The California Air Resources Board strictly regulates the state's gasoline formulation and vehicle emissions. OBJECTIVE To investigate exposure trends for gasoline-related air pollutants between 1996 and 2014, capturing the period before and after the removal of methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE). METHODS We identified gasoline-related chemicals with known or suspected health concerns and adequate ambient air monitoring data. Average exposures to the general public were estimated from 1996 to 2014 in five major air basins and statewide. We determined the fractions of exposures attributable to gasoline use and evaluated cancer and non-cancer risks for chemicals with available cancer potencies and health reference values. RESULTS We found that average gasoline-attributable cancer risks for the general California population from the most highly emitted carcinogens (acetaldehyde, benzene, 1,3-butadiene, and formaldehyde) declined by over 80% between 1996 and 2014. This decline occurred despite roughly constant statewide gasoline sales, an increase in vehicle miles traveled, and an approximately 10% increase in vehicle registrations over this same period. Naphthalene, measured as a volatile organic compound (VOC), was the most abundant gasoline-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). From 1996 to 2014, gasoline-attributable cancer risks for naphthalene were estimated to drop approximately threefold in the South Coast Air Basin. Exposures to gasoline-related chemicals associated with non-cancer health effects, such as chronic respiratory toxicity or neurotoxicity, were generally below levels of concern. The exception was acrolein, with gasoline-related exposures in 2014 estimated to be high enough to pose risks for respiratory toxicity. IMPACT STATEMENT Our historical analysis demonstrated the success of California's regulatory efforts to reduce gasoline-related air pollutant exposures and risks to the general public. New efforts are focused on addressing gasoline-related and other air pollution in heavily impacted communities affected by multiple environmental and social stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sultana
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA.
| | - Sara Hoover
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
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Meng Q, Liu J, Shen J, Del Rosario I, Lakey PS, Shiraiwa M, Su J, Weichenthal S, Zhu Y, Oroumiyeh F, Paulson SE, Jerrett M, Ritz B. Fine Particulate Matter Metal Composition, Oxidative Potential, and Adverse Birth Outcomes in Los Angeles. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:107012. [PMID: 37878796 PMCID: PMC10599636 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many studies have linked prenatal exposure to PM 2.5 to adverse birth outcomes, little is known about the effects of exposure to specific constituents of PM 2.5 or mechanisms that contribute to these outcomes. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to investigate effects of oxidative potential and PM 2.5 metal components from non-exhaust traffic emissions, such as brake and tire wear, on the risk of preterm birth (PTB) and term low birth weight (TLBW). METHODS For a birth cohort of 285,614 singletons born in Los Angeles County, California, in the period 2017-2019, we estimated speciated PM 2.5 exposures modeled from land use regression with cokriging, including brake and tire wear related metals (barium and zinc), black carbon, and three markers of oxidative potential (OP), including modeled reactive oxygen species based on measured iron and copper (ROS), OH formation (OP OH ), and dithiothreitol (DTT) loss (OP DTT ). Using logistic regression, we estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for PTB and TLBW with speciated PM 2.5 exposures and PM 2.5 mass as continuous variables scaled by their interquartile range (IQR). RESULTS For both metals and oxidative potential metrics, we estimated increased risks for PTB (ORs ranging from 1.01 to 1.03) and TLBW (ORs ranging from 1.02 to 1.05) per IQR exposure increment that were robust to adjustment for PM 2.5 mass. Associations for PM 2.5 mass, black carbon, metal components, and oxidative potential (especially ROS and OP OH ) with adverse birth outcomes were stronger in Hispanic, Black, and mixed-race or Native American women. DISCUSSION Our results indicate that exposure to PM 2.5 metals from brake and tire wear and particle components that contribute to oxidative potential were associated with an increased risk of PTB and TLBW in Los Angeles County, particularly among Hispanic, Black, and mixed-race or Native American women. Thus, reduction of PM 2.5 mass only may not be sufficient to protect the most vulnerable pregnant women and children from adverse effects due to traffic source exposures. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12196.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Meng
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jonathan Liu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jiaqi Shen
- Department of Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Irish Del Rosario
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Pascale S.J. Lakey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Manabu Shiraiwa
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Jason Su
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Scott Weichenthal
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yifang Zhu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Farzan Oroumiyeh
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Suzanne E. Paulson
- Department of Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael Jerrett
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
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Dong C, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Zhuang Y, Wang Y, Qian Q, Li W, Yu Y, Xia Y. Independent and combined effects of PM2.5 and its constituents on preterm birth: a retrospective study in a seaside city. AIR QUALITY, ATMOSPHERE & HEALTH 2023; 16:1661-1672. [DOI: 10.1007/s11869-023-01363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
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Qiu Z, Li W, Qiu Y, Chen Z, Yang F, Xu W, Gao Y, Liu Z, Li Q, Jiang M, Liu H, Zhan Y, Dai L. Third trimester as the susceptibility window for maternal PM 2.5 exposure and preterm birth: A nationwide surveillance-based association study in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 880:163274. [PMID: 37019233 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Maternal PM2.5 exposure has been identified as a potential risk factor for preterm birth, yet the inconsistent findings on the susceptible exposure windows may be partially due to the influence of gaseous pollutants. This study aims to examine the association between PM2.5 exposure and preterm birth during different susceptible exposure windows after adjusting for exposure to gaseous pollutants. We collected 2,294,188 records of singleton live births from 30 provinces of China from 2013 to 2019, and the gridded daily concentrations of air pollutants (including PM2.5, O3, NO2, SO2, and CO) were derived by using machine learning models for assessing individual exposure. We employed logistic regression to develop single-pollutant models (including PM2.5 only) and co-pollutant models (including PM2.5 and a gaseous pollutant) to estimate the odds ratio for preterm birth and its subtypes, with adjustment for maternal age, neonatal sex, parity, meteorological conditions, and other potential confounders. In the single-pollutant models, PM2.5 exposure in each trimester was significantly associated with preterm birth, and the third trimester exposure showed a stronger association with very preterm birth than that with moderate to late preterm birth. The co-pollutant models revealed that preterm birth might be significantly associated only with maternal exposure to PM2.5 in the third trimester, and not with exposure in the first or second trimester. The observed significant associations between preterm birth and maternal PM2.5 exposure in the first and second trimesters in single-pollutant models might primarily be influenced by exposure to gaseous pollutants. Our study provides evidence that the third trimester may be the susceptible window for maternal PM2.5 exposure and preterm birth. The association between PM2.5 exposure and preterm birth could be influenced by gaseous pollutants, which should be taken into consideration when evaluating the impact of PM2.5 exposure on maternal and fetal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimei Qiu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China; The Joint Laboratory for Pulmonary Development and Related Diseases, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Zhiyu Chen
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Fumo Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China; College of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Wenli Xu
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yuyang Gao
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qi Li
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hanmin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China; College of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Li Dai
- The Joint Laboratory for Pulmonary Development and Related Diseases, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Jiao A, Sun Y, Avila C, Chiu V, Molitor J, Slezak J, Sacks DA, Chen JC, Benmarhnia T, Getahun D, Wu J. Maternal exposure to ambient air pollution mixture and premature rupture of membranes: Evidence from a large cohort in Southern California (2008-2018). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 177:108030. [PMID: 37329760 PMCID: PMC10947473 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is minimal evidence of relationships between maternal air pollution exposure and spontaneous premature rupture of membranes (SPROM), a critical obstetrical problem that can significantly increase maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. No prior study has explored the PROM risk related to specific components of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters of ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5). We examined associations between maternal exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), PM2.5, PM10, and PM2.5 constituents and SPROM. METHODS A large retrospective cohort study was conducted and included 427,870 singleton live births from Kaiser Permanente Southern California during 2008-2018. Monthly averages of NO2, O3 (8-h daily maximum), PM2.5, and PM10 were measured using empirical Bayesian kriging based on measurements from monitoring stations. Data on PM2.5 sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, organic matter, and black carbon were obtained from a fine-resolution model. A discrete time approach with pooled logistic regressions was used to estimate associations throughout the pregnancy and based on trimesters and gestational months. The quantile-based g-computation models were fitted to examine the effects of 1) the air pollution mixture of four pollutants of interest and 2) the mixture of PM2.5 components. RESULTS There were 37,857 SPROM cases (8.8%) in our study population. We observed relationships between SPROM and maternal exposure to NO2, O3, and PM2.5. PM2.5 sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, and organic matter were associated with higher SPROM risks in the single-pollutant model. Mixture analyses demonstrated that the overall effects of the air pollution mixture and PM2.5 mixture in this study were mainly driven by O3 and PM2.5 nitrate, respectively. Underweight mothers had a significantly higher risk of SPROM associated with NO2. CONCLUSION Our findings add to the literature on associations between air pollution exposure and SPROM. This is the first study reporting the impact of PM2.5 constituents on SPROM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Jiao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chantal Avila
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Vicki Chiu
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - John Molitor
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Jeff Slezak
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - David A Sacks
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tarik Benmarhnia
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Darios Getahun
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA; Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, USA.
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
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Qiao P, Fan K, Bao Y, Yuan L, Kan H, Zhao Y, Cai J, Ying H. Prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter and the risk of spontaneous preterm birth: A population-based cohort study of twins. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1002824. [PMID: 36353284 PMCID: PMC9638056 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1002824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies in singletons have suggested that prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and some of its chemical components is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB). However, no study has been conducted in twins. Purpose To examine the associations of maternal exposure to total PM2.5 mass and its carbonaceous components with PTB in twin pregnancies. Methods A total of 1,515 pairs of twins and their mothers were enrolled from a previous twin birth cohort that had been conducted at the Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital School of Medicine of Tongji University in China. Participants who had iatrogenic PTBs were excluded. Maternal exposure to total PM2.5 mass and two carbonaceous components, namely, organic carbon (OC) and black carbon (BC), was estimated by a satellite-based model. The associations between PM2.5 exposure and the risk of spontaneous PTB were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Results This study found that exposure to total PM2.5 mass and OC during the second trimester of pregnancy was significantly associated with an increased risk of spontaneous PTB. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in total PM2.5 mass and OC exposure during the second trimester was associated with 48% (OR = 1.48, 95% CI, 1.06, 2.05) and 50% (OR = 1.50, 95% CI, 1.00, 2.25) increases in the odds of PTB, respectively. However, no significant association was found between BC exposure during any exposure window and the risk of PTB. Conclusion The findings suggest that exposure to ambient air pollution with fine particles may be a risk factor for spontaneous PTB in twin pregnancies. The middle stage of pregnancy seems to be a critical window for the impacts of PM2.5 exposure on PTB in twin pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Qiao
- Departments of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kechen Fan
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yirong Bao
- Departments of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Departments of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Hao Ying
| | - Jing Cai
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Jing Cai
| | - Hao Ying
- Departments of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai, China,Yan Zhao
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Zhou Y, Zhu Q, Wang P, Li J, Luo R, Zhao W, Zhang L, Shi H, Zhang Y. Early pregnancy PM 2.5 exposure and its inorganic constituents affect fetal growth by interrupting maternal thyroid function. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119481. [PMID: 35597481 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Early pregnancy is crucial for fetal growth. Maternal thyroid hormone is critical for fetal growth and can be disturbed under exogenous exposure. However, it's uncertain whether exposure to PM2.5 and inorganic constituents during early pregnancy can affect TH and fetal growth. We focused on the associations of early-pregnancy PM2.5 and inorganic constituents with fetal growth and maternal THs. PM2.5 concentration was estimated using a satellite-based spatiotemporal model. Fetal biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), femur length (FL), and humerus length (HL) were measured by ultrasonography at median 15.6, 22.2, and 33.1 gestational weeks. Levels of 28 PM2.5 constituents were measured in a sub-group of 329 pregnancies. Maternal serum free thyroxine (fT4), free triiodothyronine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels were measured at 14 weeks of gestation. Mixed-effect models and multiple linear regression were applied to evaluate the associations of PM2.5 and its constituents with fetal growth measures. Mediation analysis was used to examine the mediating role of the THs. Results showed that each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with 0.20 mm reductions in BPD (95%CI: 0.33, -0.01), 0.27 mm decreases in FL (95%CI: 0.40, -0.13), and 0.36 decreases in HL (95%CI: 0.49, -0.23). Per 10 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 was correlated with 5.82% decreases in the fT4 level (95% CI: 8.61%, -2.96%). FT4 accounted for 14.3% of PM2.5 exposure-induced change in BPD at first follow-up. Al (β = -2.91, 95%CI: 5.17, -0.66), Si (β = -1.20, 95%CI: 2.22, -0.19), K (β = -3.09, 95%CI: 5.41, -0.77), Mn (β = -47.20, 95%CI: 83.68, -10.79) and Zn (β = -3.02, 95%CI: 5.55, -0.49) were associated with decreased fetal BPD, especially in first follow-up. Zn (β = -38.12%, 95% CI: 58.52%, -8.61%) was also associated with decreased fT4 levels. Overall, early pregnancy exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents was associated with fetal growth restriction and decreased maternal fT4 levels might mediate the effect of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhou
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- The Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital of Songjiang District, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Pengpeng Wang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jialin Li
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ranran Luo
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenxuan Zhao
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Liyi Zhang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huijing Shi
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Berkowitz RL, Mujahid M, Pearl M, Poon V, Reid CK, Allen AM. Protective Places: the Relationship between Neighborhood Quality and Preterm Births to Black Women in Oakland, California (2007-2011). J Urban Health 2022; 99:492-505. [PMID: 35384585 PMCID: PMC9187821 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-022-00624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Black women have the highest incidence of preterm birth (PTB). Upstream factors, including neighborhood context, may be key drivers of this increased risk. This study assessed the relationship between neighborhood quality, defined by the Healthy Places Index, and PTB among Black women who lived in Oakland, California, and gave birth between 2007 and 2011 (N = 5418 women, N = 107 census tracts). We found that, compared with those living in lower quality neighborhoods, women living in higher quality neighborhoods had 20-38% lower risk of PTB, independent of confounders. Findings have implications for place-based research and interventions to address racial inequities in PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Berkowitz
- Department of Public Health and Recreation, College of Health and Human Sciences, San José State University, One Washington Square, San Jose, CA 95192-0052 USA
| | - Mahasin Mujahid
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Room 5302, CA 94720-7360 Berkeley, USA
| | - Michelle Pearl
- Environmental Health Investigations Branch, California Department of Public Health, 850 Marina Bay Parkway, Building P, 3rd Floor, Richmond, CA 94804-6403 USA
| | - Victor Poon
- Environmental Health Investigations Branch, California Department of Public Health, 850 Marina Bay Parkway, Building P, 3rd Floor, Richmond, CA 94804-6403 USA
| | - Carolina K. Reid
- College of Environmental Design, University of California, 230 Bauer Wurster Hall #1820, Berkeley, CA 94720-1820 USA
| | - Amani M. Allen
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Room 5302, CA 94720-7360 Berkeley, USA
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10
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Gao J, Luo M, Zhao S, Wang H, Li X, Xu P, Ma W, Liu C. Effect of PM2.5 exposure on gestational hypertension, fetal size in preeclampsia-like rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:45808-45820. [PMID: 35152352 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown intriguing associations between gestational PM2.5 exposure and preeclampsia (PE), as well as fetal growth restriction (FGR). This study investigated the impact of PM2.5 exposure on gestational hypertension and fetal outcome in a preeclampsia-like rat model. Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to either filtered (FA) or PM2.5-contaminated air during the whole pregnancy period. A PE-like rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of L-NAME (300 mg/kg) from gestational day (GD) 12 to until GD20. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), weight gain, pup weight and placental weight were measured. The percentages of rat Treg/Th17 cells and Th17-related cytokines were examined by flow cytometry. Gene expression profiles were analyzed by microarray, and the expression of differentially expressed genes was validated by qRT-PCR. The results showed that maternal PM2.5 exposure had no effect on SBP but was associated with low birth weight (LBW) and a higher labyrinth/basal zone ratio. The percentages of splenic Th17 cells from the PM2.5 group of PE-like rats were higher than those from the FA or PM2.5 groups of healthy controls. A significantly decreased Treg/Th17 cell ratio was found in the PM2.5 group of PE-like rats. The mRNA expression of Foxp3 was downregulated, while the mRNA expression of RORα and RORγτ was upregulated after PM2.5 exposure. Furthermore, we observed that both the mRNA and protein levels of TNF-a, CCL2, CCL3 and CCR1 increased in the PM2.5 groups. Our study suggested that systemic inflammation may contribute to the development of FGR associated with PM2.5 exposure throughout pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Luo
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hailing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pili Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chongdong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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11
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He Y, Jiang Y, Yang Y, Xu J, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Shen H, Zhang Y, Yan D, Peng Z, Liu C, Wang W, Schikowski T, Li H, Yan B, Ji JS, Chen A, van Donkelaar A, Martin R, Chen R, Kan H, Cai J, Ma X. Composition of fine particulate matter and risk of preterm birth: A nationwide birth cohort study in 336 Chinese cities. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:127645. [PMID: 34920912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potential hazards of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) constituents on preterm birth (PTB) have rarely been explored in China. OBJECTIVE To quantify the associations of PM2.5 constituents with PTB. METHODS This study was based on a nationwide cohort of 3,723,169 live singleton births delivered between January 2010 and December 2015 in China. We applied satellite-based estimates of 5 PM2.5 constituents (organic carbon; black carbon; sulfate; ammonium; and nitrate). We used Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for individual covariates, temperature, humidity, and seasonality to evaluate the associations. RESULTS During the entire pregnancy, each interquartile range (29 μg/m3) increase in PM2.5 concentrations was associated with a 7% increase in PTB risk [hazard ratio (HR): 1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-1.08). We observed the largest effect estimates on carbonaceous components (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.08-1.10 for organic carbon and black carbon). Early pregnancy appeared to be the critical exposure window for most constituents. Women who were older, exposed to second-hand smoke, overweight or obese before pregnancy, conceived during winter, and living in northern China or rural areas were more susceptible. CONCLUSIONS Carbonaceous components of PM2.5 were associated with higher PTB risk. Findings on characteristics of vulnerability underlined targeted protections on susceptible subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan He
- National Research Institute for Health and Family Planning, Beijing, China; National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yixuan Jiang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Yang
- National Research Institute for Health and Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Jihong Xu
- National Research Institute for Health and Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- National Research Institute for Health and Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaomei Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Haiping Shen
- National Research Institute for Health and Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Donghai Yan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zuoqi Peng
- National Research Institute for Health and Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Huichu Li
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Beizhan Yan
- Division of Geochemistry, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA
| | - John S Ji
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Randall Martin
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children's Health, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Jing Cai
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xu Ma
- National Research Institute for Health and Family Planning, Beijing, China; National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, China.
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12
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A Simple Method to Establish Sufficiency and Stability in Meta-Analyses: With Application to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Preterm Birth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042036. [PMID: 35206221 PMCID: PMC8871712 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) is a potential cause of preterm birth. Inconsistent findings from observational studies have motivated researchers to conduct more studies, but some degree of study heterogeneity is inevitable. The consequence of this feedback is a burgeoning research effort that results in marginal gains. The aim of this study was to develop and apply a method to establish the sufficiency and stability of estimates of associations as they have been published over time. Cohort studies identified in a recent systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between preterm birth and whole-pregnancy exposure to PM2.5 were selected. The estimates of the cohort studies were pooled with cumulative meta-analysis, whereby a new meta-analysis was run for each new study published over time. The relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) limits needed for a new study to move the cumulative RR to 1.00 were calculated. Findings indicate that the cumulative relative risks (cRR) for PM2.5 (cRR 1.07, 95% CI 1.03, 1.12) converged in 2015 (RR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01, 1.14). To change conclusions to a null association, a new study would need to observe a protective RR of 0.93 (95% CI limit 1.02) with precision equivalent to that achieved by all past 24 cohort studies combined. Preterm birth is associated with elevated PM2.5, and it is highly unlikely that any new observational study will alter this conclusion. Consequently, establishing whether an observational association exists is now less relevant an objective for future studies than characterising risk (magnitude, impact, pathways, populations and potential bias) and interventions. Sufficiency and stability can be effectively applied in meta-analyses and have the potential to reduce research waste.
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13
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Ju L, Li C, Yang M, Sun S, Zhang Q, Cao J, Ding R. Maternal air pollution exposure increases the risk of preterm birth: Evidence from the meta-analysis of cohort studies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111654. [PMID: 34252430 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB), a major public health impact, has been shown to be associated with prenatal air pollution exposure, but the results are still inconsistent. This meta-analysis was performed to quantitatively evaluate the correlation between maternal air pollutant exposure and PTB, and provide evidence of higher grade to help improving the pregnancy outcomes. Databases including Web of Science and PubMed were searched to retrieve eligible studies published up to October 2020. The quality of the articles was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Score (NOS), after which the pooled estimate of the effect was calculated. The robustness of the joint estimates was confirmed by sensitivity analysis of excluded studies one by one, and the sources of heterogeneity were discussed by stratification analysis. Egger's and Begg's tests were performed to examine publication bias. Sixty studies that met the eligible criteria were finally included in this study. The findings showed combined relative risks of 1.032-1.070 for PTB, 0.859-1.081 for moderate PTB, 1.119-1.194 for very PTB and 1.128-1.259 for extremely PTB when mothers were exposed to PM2.5, PM10, NO2, O3, SO2, CO and NOx during pregnancy, while the sensitive windows varied for different air pollutants. Notably, PM2.5 exposure in only the 2nd trimester, NO2 exposure in only the 3rd trimester, and O3 exposure in all three trimesters were positively associated with PTB, while NO2 exposure in the 1st trimester was negatively associated with PTB. In addition, exposure of PM2.5 and PM10 in the 2nd trimester was positively associated with moderate PTB, and in the 1st and 2nd trimesters were positively associated with very PTB. These findings demonstrated that PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2 were associated with PTB (including moderate PTB, very PTB, and/or extremely PTB), while NOx was not, and the relationship between CO and SO2 and PTB was not stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Ju
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Changlian Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Shu Sun
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Jiyu Cao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Department of Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Rui Ding
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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14
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Rahimi Kakavandi N, Hashemi Moosavi M, Asadi T, Abyadeh M, Yarizadeh H, Sezavar AH, Abdollahi M. Association of maternal intake of nitrate and risk of birth defects and preterm birth: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2021; 77:514-523. [PMID: 34369859 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2021.1953955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the high versus low analysis method was applied to evaluate the association of maternal nitrate intake and risk of heart defect, limb deficiency, cleft lip, and preterm birth. Also, linear and non-linear dose-response associations between maternal intake of nitrate and risk of heart defects were investigated. In high versus low intake, the risk of heart defects in infants is directly associated with the level of nitrate exposure, but no significant relationship was found between the cleft lip, limb deficiency, and preterm birth. The linear dose-response meta-analysis was associated with risk of heart defects (RR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.05, P = 0.400, I2= 0%, P heterogeneity= 0.602, n = 3) and nonlinear dose-response meta-analysis showed that maternal intake of nitrate higher than ∼4 mg/day is positively associated with heart defects risk (P non-linearity= 0.012).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Rahimi Kakavandi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Motahareh Hashemi Moosavi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Asadi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Students Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Morteza Abyadeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib Yarizadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Habibian Sezavar
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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15
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Wainstock T, Sergienko R, Sheiner E. Can We Predict Preterm Delivery Based on the Previous Pregnancy? J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10071517. [PMID: 33916488 PMCID: PMC8038558 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Preterm deliveries (PTD, <37 gestational weeks) which occur in 5–18% of deliveries across the world, are associated with immediate and long-term offspring morbidity, as well as high costs to health systems. Our aim was to identify risk factors during the first pregnancy ending at term for PTD in the subsequent pregnancy. (2) Methods: A retrospective population- based nested case−control study was conducted, including all women with two first singleton consecutive deliveries. Women with PTD in the first pregnancy were excluded. Characteristics and complications of the first pregnancy were compared among cases, defined as women with PTD in their second pregnancy, and the controls, defined as women delivering at term in their second pregnancy. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to study the association between pregnancy complications (in the first pregnancy) and PTD (in the subsequent pregnancy), while adjusting for maternal age and the interpregnancy interval. (3) Results: A total of 39,780 women were included in the study, 5.2% (n = 2088) had PTD in their second pregnancy. Women with PTD, as compared to controls (i.e., delivered at term in second pregnancy), were more likely to have the following complications in their first pregnancy: perinatal mortality (0.4% vs. 1.0%), small for gestational age (12.4% vs. 8.1%), and preeclampsia (7.6% vs. 5.7%). In the multivariable model, after adjusting for maternal age, interpregnancy interval and co-morbidities, having any one of these first pregnancy complications was independently associated with an increased risk for PTD (adjusted OR = 1.44; 95%CI 1.28–1.62), and the risk was greater if two or more complications were diagnosed (adjusted OR = 2.09; 95%CI 1.47–3.00). These complications were also risk factors for early PTD (<34 gestational weeks), PTD with a systematic infectious disease in the background, and possibly with spontaneous PTD. (4) Conclusions: First pregnancy complications are associated with an increased risk for PTD in the subsequent pregnancy. First pregnancy, although ending at term, may serve as a window of opportunity to identify women at risk for future PTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Wainstock
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8489325, Israel;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-523114880
| | - Ruslan Sergienko
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8489325, Israel;
| | - Eyal Sheiner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8489325, Israel;
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16
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Fang J, Kang CM, Osorio-Yáñez C, Barrow TM, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Li C, Liu H, Li PH, Guo L, Byun HM. Prenatal PM 2.5 exposure and the risk of adverse births outcomes: Results from Project ELEFANT. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110232. [PMID: 32961173 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies investigating the impact of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure during pregnancy upon adverse birth outcomes have primarily been performed in Western nations with low ambient PM2.5 levels. We examined associations between high levels of PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy and risk of adverse birth outcomes by timing and level of exposure in a Chinese population. METHODS We analysed data from 10,738 live births within the Project ELEFANT study based in Tianjin, China. Personal mean daily PM2.5 exposures were estimated using data from 25 local monitoring sites across the city, used to compute the days exceeding 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 μg/m3. Relative risk of pre-term birth (<37 weeks) and low birthweight (<2500 g) were estimated by generalized additive distributed lag models, adjusted for maternal age, sex, region, paternal smoking, parity, maternal occupation, season, temperature and dew point. RESULTS A dose-response was exhibited for PM2.5 exposure and relative risk (RR) of adverse birth outcomes, with exposure in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy associated with greatest risk of adverse birth outcomes. The RRs of pre-term birth with exposures of >50, >150 and > 250 μg/m3 PM2.5 in the third trimester were 1.09 (95%CI: 1.03-1.16), 1.30 (1.09-1.54) and 2.73 (2.03-3.66) respectively. For low birthweight, exposures of >50, >150 and > 250 μg/m3 PM2.5 in the third trimester were associated with RRs of 0.99 (0.88-1.11), 1.37 (1.04-1.81) and 3.03 (1.75-5.23) respectively. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to high levels of PM2.5 from the second trimester onwards was most strongly associated with increased risk of pre-term birth and low birthweight, with a dose-response relationship. Our data demonstrates the need to account for both level and timing of exposure in analysis of PM2.5-associated birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junkai Fang
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Choong-Min Kang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Citlalli Osorio-Yáñez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México DF, Mexico
| | - Timothy M Barrow
- Faculty of Health Sciences & Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, United Kingdom
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PLA 96605 Army Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Medical Genetic Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng-Hui Li
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Liqiong Guo
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Hyang-Min Byun
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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17
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Cai J, Zhao Y, Kan J, Chen R, Martin R, van Donkelaar A, Ao J, Zhang J, Kan H, Hua J. Prenatal Exposure to Specific PM 2.5 Chemical Constituents and Preterm Birth in China: A Nationwide Cohort Study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:14494-14501. [PMID: 33146526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during pregnancy has been associated with preterm birth (PTB). However, the existing evidence is inconsistent, and the roles of specific PM2.5 chemical constituents remain unclear. Based on the China Labor and Delivery Survey, we included birth data from 89 hospitals in 25 provinces in mainland China, and conducted a national multicenter cohort study to examine the associations of PM2.5 and its chemical constituents with PTB risk in China. We applied satellite-based models to predict prenatal PM2.5 mass and six main component exposure. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, seasonality, and spatial variation. We observe an increased PTB risk with an increase in PM2.5 mass and the most significant association is found during the third trimester when the adjusted odds ratio (OR) per interquartile range increases in PM2.5 total mass is 1.12 (95% confidence Interval, CI: 1.05-1.20). Infants conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART) show greater PTB risk associated with PM2.5 exposure (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.05-1.69) than those conceived naturally (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03-1.19). We also find black carbon, sulfate, ammonium and nitrate, often linked to fossil combustion, have comparable or larger estimates of the effect (OR = 1.07-1.14) than PM2.5. Our findings provide evidence that components mainly from fossil fuel combustion may have a perceptible influence on increased PTB risk associated with PM2.5 exposure in China. Additionally, compared to natural conception, conception through ART may be more susceptible to PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Julia Kan
- University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol BS8 1TH, U.K
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Randall Martin
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, 6300 Coburg Road, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3J5, Canada
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, 6300 Coburg Road, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3J5, Canada
| | - Junjie Ao
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200096, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200096, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Center for Children's Health, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Jing Hua
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
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19
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Qiu X, Fong KC, Shi L, Papatheodorou S, Di Q, Just A, Kosheleva A, Messerlian C, Schwartz JD. Prenatal exposure to particulate air pollution and gestational age at delivery in Massachusetts neonates 2001-2015: A perspective of causal modeling and health disparities. Environ Epidemiol 2020; 4:e113. [PMID: 33154990 PMCID: PMC7595249 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a lack of evidence on causal effects of air pollution on gestational age (GA) at delivery. METHODS Inverse probability weighting (IPW) quantile regression was applied to derive causal marginal population-level GA reduction for GA percentiles associated with increased ambient particulate matter with diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) levels at maternal residential address for each trimester and the month preceding delivery using Massachusetts birth registry 2001 to 2015. Stratified analyses were conducted for neonatal sex, maternal age/race/education, and extreme ambient temperature conditions. RESULTS For neonates at 2.5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 97.5th percentiles of GA at delivery, we estimated an adjusted GA reduction of 4.2 days (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.4, 5.0), 1.9 days (1.6, 2.1), 1.2 days (1.0, 1.4), 0.82 days (0.72, 0.92), 0.74 days (0.54, 0.94), and 0.54 days (0.15, 0.93) for each 5 μg/m3 increment in third trimester average PM2.5 levels. Final gestational month average exposure yielded a similar effect with greater magnitude. Male neonates and neonates of younger (younger than 35 years) and African American mothers as well as with high/low extreme temperature exposure in third trimester were more affected. Estimates were consistently higher at lower GA percentiles, indicating preterm/early-term births being more affected. Low-exposure analyses yielded similar results, restricting to areas with PM2.5 levels under US ambient annual standard of 12 μg/m3. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to PM2.5 in late pregnancy reduced GA at delivery among Massachusetts neonates, especially among preterm/early-term births, male neonates, and neonates of younger and African American mothers. Exposure to extremely high/low temperature amplifies the effect of PM2.5 on GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinye Qiu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kelvin C Fong
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Liuhua Shi
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Stefania Papatheodorou
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Qian Di
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Allan Just
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York
| | - Anna Kosheleva
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carmen Messerlian
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joel D Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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20
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Thayamballi N, Habiba S, Laribi O, Ebisu K. Impact of Maternal Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors on the Association Between Particulate Matter and Adverse Birth Outcomes: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2020; 8:743-755. [PMID: 32901434 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-020-00835-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies conducted in the United States found associations between prenatal exposure to particulate matter (PM) and adverse birth outcomes, and some studies identified vulnerable populations, including certain racial/ethnic groups and people with low-socioeconomic status. However, their findings are not always consistent. In this review, we compared the risk of adverse birth outcomes due to PM exposures among subpopulations and investigated whether any particular population is more vulnerable. METHODS We selected U.S. studies examining associations between PM exposure during pregnancy and birth outcomes that included results for effect modification by race/ethnicity and/or maternal education. We summarized the findings for various sizes of PM and birth outcomes. Meta-analysis was conducted to quantify vulnerable race/ethnicity for the association between fine PM (PM2.5) and birthweight. RESULTS In total, 19 studies were assessed, and PM-related risks of adverse birth outcomes, particularly those related to fetal growth, likely differ across subpopulations. A meta-analysis from five studies showed that a 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 during the full-gestation reduced birthweight by 21.9 g (95% confidence interval 11.7, 32.0), 15.7 g (10.1, 21.4), 9.3 g (2.7, 15.8), and 5.8 g (- 9.0, 20.7) for Black, White, Hispanic, and Asian mothers, respectively. CONCLUSION Our review indicated that Black mothers and mothers with low educational attainment are more vulnerable subpopulations. More investigation is needed for effect modification by other maternal factors, such as household income. Characterizing and quantifying vulnerable subpopulations are essential for addressing environmental justice since it can help regulatory agencies allocate resources and design policy interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Thayamballi
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, 1515 Clay Street, 16th floor, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA.,School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Room 5302, Berkeley, CA, 94720-7360, USA
| | - Sara Habiba
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, 1515 Clay Street, 16th floor, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA.,School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Room 5302, Berkeley, CA, 94720-7360, USA
| | - Ouahiba Laribi
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, 1515 Clay Street, 16th floor, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - Keita Ebisu
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, 1515 Clay Street, 16th floor, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA.
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21
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Zhao Y, Cai J, Zhu X, van Donkelaar A, Martin RV, Hua J, Kan H. Fine particulate matter exposure and renal function: A population-based study among pregnant women in China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 141:105805. [PMID: 32474297 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the most serious environmental threat worldwide. The nephrotoxicity of PM2.5 has been demonstrated in older adults, but no study has addressed the impacts of PM2.5 exposure on renal function in pregnant women, who are recognized to be vulnerable and susceptible to PM2.5 exposure. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether exposures to PM2.5 total mass and its chemical constituents were associated with reduced renal function among pregnant women in China. METHODS We measured serum concentrations of urea nitrogen (UN), uric acid (UA) and creatinine for 10,052 pregnant women in Shanghai, China. Exposures to PM2.5 total mass and its 5 key chemical constituents during the whole pregnancy and each trimester of pregnancy was represented by satellite-based models. RESULTS Exposures to PM2.5 total mass and its chemical constituents of organic matter (OM), black carbon (BC), nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) were positively associated with serum levels of UN and UA, and negatively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). An interquartile rang (IQR) increase in PM2.5 total mass, OM, BC, NO3- and NH4+ exposure in third trimester was associated with 1.33 (β = -1.33, 95% CI, -1.79, -0.87), 1.67 (β = -1.67, 95% CI, -2.26, -1.07), 1.29 (β = -1.29, 95% CI,-1.89, -0.70), 1.16 (β = -1.16, 95% CI,-1.66, -0.65) and 0.76 (β = -0.76, 95% CI, -1.08, -0.44) mL/min/1.73 m2 decrease in eGFR, respectively. CONCLUSION We concluded that exposures to PM2.5 during pregnancy were associated with decreased renal function among pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Women & Children's Health Care, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Cai
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinlei Zhu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. Canada; Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Randall V Martin
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. Canada; Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Jing Hua
- Department of Women & Children's Health Care, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Zhang X, Fan C, Ren Z, Feng H, Zuo S, Hao J, Liao J, Zou Y, Ma L. Maternal PM 2.5 exposure triggers preterm birth: a cross-sectional study in Wuhan, China. Glob Health Res Policy 2020; 5:17. [PMID: 32377568 PMCID: PMC7193342 DOI: 10.1186/s41256-020-00144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most of the studies regarding air pollution and preterm birth (PTB) in highly polluted areas have estimated the exposure level based on fixed-site monitoring. However, exposure assessment methods relying on monitors have the potential to cause exposure misclassification due to a lack of spatial variation. In this study, we utilized a land use regression (LUR) model to assess individual exposure, and explored the association between PM2.5 exposure during each time window and the risk of preterm birth in Wuhan city, China. Methods Information on 2101 singleton births, which were ≥ 20 weeks of gestation and born between November 1, 2013 and May 31, 2014; between January 1, 2015 and August 31, 2015, was obtained from the Obstetrics Department in one 3A hospital in Wuhan. Air quality index (AQI) data were accessed from the Wuhan Environmental Protection Bureau website. Individual exposure during pregnancy was assessed by LUR models and Kriging interpolation. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between women exposure to PM2.5 and the risk of different subtypes of PTB. Results During the study period, the average individual exposure concentration of PM2.5 during the entire pregnancy was 84.54 μg/m3. A 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 exposure in the first trimester (OR: 1.169; 95% CI: 1.077, 1.262), the second trimester (OR: 1.056; 95% CI: 1.015, 1.097), the third trimester (OR: 1.052; 95% CI: 1.002, 1.101), and the entire pregnancy (OR: 1.263; 95% CI: 1.158, 1.368) was significantly associated with an increased risk of PTB. For the PTB subgroup, the hazard of PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy was stronger for very preterm births (VPTB) than moderate preterm births (MPTB). The first trimester was the most susceptible exposure window. Moreover, women who had less than 9 years of education or who conceived during the cold season tended to be more susceptible to the PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy. Conclusions Maternal exposure to PM2.5 increased the risk of PTB, and this risk was stronger for VPTB than for MPTB, especially during the first trimester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zhang
- 1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Cuifang Fan
- 2Department of Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 China
| | - Zhan Ren
- 1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Huan Feng
- 1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Shanshan Zuo
- 1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Jiayuan Hao
- 1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Jingling Liao
- 3Department of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Wuhan, 430081 China
| | - Yuliang Zou
- 1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China.,4Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Lu Ma
- 1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China.,4Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
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23
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Environmental Exposures and Adverse Pregnancy-Related Outcomes. HEALTH IMPACTS OF DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-0520-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Qiao P, Zhao Y, Cai J, van Donkelaar A, Martin R, Ying H, Kan H. Twin growth discordance in association with maternal exposure to fine particulate matter and its chemical constituents during late pregnancy. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 133:105148. [PMID: 31518941 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twin growth discordance is one of the leading causes of perinatal mortality in twin pregnancies. Whether prenatal exposure to fine particle (PM2.5) air pollution is associated with twin growth discordance have not been studied yet. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations of prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and its chemical constituents with twin growth discordance. METHODS This study included 1917 twin pairs and their mothers drawn from a previous twin birth cohort at the Shanghai First Maternity and Infant hospital in Shanghai, China. Exposure to PM2.5 total mass and 6 key chemical constituents during the whole pregnancy and each trimester of pregnancy was represented by satellite-based models. RESULTS Maternal exposures to PM2.5 total mass and chemical constituents of sulfate (SO42-) and ammonium (NH4+) during the third trimester were significantly associated with increased within-pair birth weight difference and intertwin birth weight discordance. The within-pair birth weight difference increased by 30.6 g (β = 30.6, 95% CI, 4.4-56.9), 19.2 g (β = 19.2, 95% CI, 0.2-38.1) and 33.2 g (β = 33.2, 95% CI, 7.9-58.6) for an IQR increase in PM2.5 total mass, SO42- and NH4+ exposure, respectively. While the intertwin birth weight discordance increased by 1.3% (β = 1.3, 95% CI, 0.3-2.2), 0.9% (β = 0.9, 95% CI, 0.2-1.6) and 1.4% (β = 1.4, 95% CI, 0.4-2.3) for the same exposure metrics. Moreover, higher SO42- and NH4+ exposure was also associated with increased risk of twin growth discordance in linear dose-response manners. Compared to the lowest quartile of SO42- (OR = 2.51, 95% CI, 1.08-5.82) and NH4+ (OR = 2.97, 95% CI, 1.16-7.58) exposure, the odds of twin growth discordance were doubled in highest quartile of exposure. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that fine particle air pollution may be a risk factor for twin growth discordance. Late pregnancy seems to be a critical window for the effects of PM2.5 exposure on fetal growth in twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Qiao
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Cai
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Randall Martin
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Hao Ying
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Zhu Q, Xia B, Zhao Y, Dai H, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Yang Q, Zhao Y, Wang P, La X, Shi H, Liu Y, Zhang Y. Predicting gestational personal exposure to PM 2.5 from satellite-driven ambient concentrations in Shanghai. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:452-461. [PMID: 31176908 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been widely reported that gestational exposure to fine particulate matters (PM2.5) is associated with a series of adverse birth outcomes. However, the discrepancy between ambient PM2.5 concentrations and personal PM2.5 exposure would significantly affect the estimation of exposure-response relationship. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to predict gestational personal exposure to PM2.5 from the satellite-driven ambient concentrations and analyze the influence of other potential determinants. METHOD We collected 762 72-h personal exposure samples from a panel of 329 pregnant women in Shanghai, China as well as their time-activity patterns from Feb 2017 to Jun 2018. We established an ambient PM2.5 model based on MAIAC AOD at 1 km resolution, then used its output as a major predictor to develop a personal exposure model. RESULTS Our ambient PM2.5 model yielded a cross-validation R2 of 0.96. Personal PM2.5 exposure levels were almost identical to the corresponding ambient concentrations. After adjusting for time-activity patterns and meteorological factors, our personal exposure has a CV R2 of 0.76. CONCLUSION We established a prediction model for gestational personal exposure to PM2.5 from satellite-based ambient concentrations and provided a methodological reference for further epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Zhu
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yingya Zhao
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Haixia Dai
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Songjiang Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Songjiang Maternity & Child Health Institute, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200126, China
| | - Pengpeng Wang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xuena La
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huijing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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26
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Sheridan P, Ilango S, Bruckner TA, Wang Q, Basu R, Benmarhnia T. Ambient Fine Particulate Matter and Preterm Birth in California: Identification of Critical Exposure Windows. Am J Epidemiol 2019; 188:1608-1615. [PMID: 31107509 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)) during pregnancy is associated with preterm birth (PTB), a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Results from studies attempting to identify etiologically relevant exposure periods of vulnerability have been inconsistent, possibly because of failure to consider the time-to-event nature of the outcome and lagged exposure effects of PM2.5. In this study, we aimed to identify critical exposure windows for weekly PM2.5 exposure and PTB in California using California birth cohort data from 2005-2010. Associations were assessed using distributed-lag Cox proportional hazards models. We assessed effect-measure modification by race/ethnicity by calculating the weekly relative excess risk due to interaction. For a 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure over the entire period of gestation, PTB risk increased by 11% (hazard ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval: 1.09, 1.14). Gestational weeks 17-24 and 36 were associated with increased vulnerability to PM2.5 exposure. We find that non-Hispanic black mothers may be more susceptible to effects of PM2.5 exposure than non-Hispanic white mothers, particularly at the end of pregnancy. These findings extend our knowledge about the existence of specific exposure periods during pregnancy that have the greatest impact on preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Sheridan
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Sindana Ilango
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Tim A Bruckner
- Department of Public Health and Planning, Policy and Design, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Qiong Wang
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Rupa Basu
- Air Toxicology and Epidemiology Branch, California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Sacramento, California
| | - Tarik Benmarhnia
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California
- Scripps Institute of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California
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27
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Bruckner TA, Kane JB, Gailey S. Strong upward neighborhood mobility and preterm birth: a matched-sibling design approach. Ann Epidemiol 2019; 36:48-54.e1. [PMID: 31324410 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Much cross-sectional work reports an association between neighborhood disadvantage and adverse birth outcomes. Limitations of this work include that mothers with pre-existing unmeasured morbidity may "select" into, or out of, certain neighborhoods. This selection issue remains a key rival explanation for work concerned with place-based disparities in birth outcomes. We move beyond a cross-sectional approach and exploit a sibling-linked data set in California to test whether upwardly mobile mothers, who move from a very high to a very low disadvantaged neighborhood, exhibit a lower than expected risk of preterm birth (PTB) (i.e., delivery <37 weeks). METHODS We used a matched-sibling design for 461,061 sibling pairs (i.e., 922,122 births total) to mothers in urban areas in who gave birth in California from 2005 to 2010. We linked mother's address at two time points (i.e., two sibling birth dates) to a census-derived composite indicator of neighborhood disadvantage. Conditional logistic regression methods controlled for mother's risk of PTB in the sibling delivered before the move when estimating the relation between strong upward mobility and preterm of the subsequent birth after the move. RESULTS As hypothesized, strong upward mobility (relative to no mobility) varies inversely with the odds of PTB of the second sibling (odds ratio [OR] for PTB = 0.83, 95% confidence interval: 0.74, 0.93). CONCLUSIONS Mothers moving from very high to very low disadvantaged neighborhoods show a reduced odds of PTB. Our findings, if replicated, raise the possibility that improvements in neighborhood quality may improve perinatal health in a relatively short time span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim A Bruckner
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine.
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28
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Huang X, Mu X, Deng L, Fu A, Pu E, Tang T, Kong X. The etiologic origins for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:1139-1158. [PMID: 31213794 PMCID: PMC6549659 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s203215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
COPD, characterized by long-term poorly irreversible airway limitation and persistent respiratory symptoms, has resulted in enormous challenges to human health worldwide, with increasing rates of prevalence, death, and disability. Although its origin was thought to be in the interactions of genetic with environmental factors, the effects of environmental factors on the disease during different life stages remain little known. Without clear mechanisms and radical cure for it, early screening and prevention of COPD seem to be important. In this review, we will discuss the etiologic origins for poor lung function and COPD caused by specific adverse effects during corresponding life stages, as well as try to find new insights and potential prevention strategies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.,Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Mu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Deng
- The Pathology Department, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Aili Fu
- Department of Oncology, Yunfeng Hospital, Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Endong Pu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yunfeng Hospital, Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Tang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Kong
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
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Huang X, Zhang B, Wu L, Zhou Y, Li Y, Mao X, Chen Y, Wang J, Luo P, Ma J, Zhang H, Peng Z, Cui X, Xie S, Huo X, Zhang M, Bao W, Shi T, Liu Y. Association of Exposure to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Constituents With Semen Quality Among Men Attending a Fertility Center in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:5957-5965. [PMID: 31013428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b06942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure has been linked to decreased semen quality, but the associations between PM2.5 constituent exposures and semen quality remain unknown. We enrolled 1081 men whose partners underwent assisted reproductive technology procedures in Wuhan, China in 2014-2015, and examined their semen quality. Daily average concentrations of PM2.5 constituents including 10 metals/metalloid elements and 4 water-soluble ions were continuously determined for 1 week per month at 2 fixed monitoring stations. Linear mixed models were used to examine the associations of exposures to PM2.5 and its constituents with semen quality. Each interquartile range (36.5 μg/m3) increase in PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with 8.5% (95% CI: 2.3%, 14.4%) and 8.1% (95% CI: 0.7%, 15.0%) decrease in sperm concentration and total sperm number, respectively. Antimony, cadmium, lead, manganese, and nickel exposures were significantly associated with decreased sperm concentration, whereas manganese exposure was also significantly associated with decreased total motility. Nonsmokers were more susceptible to PM2.5 constituent exposures, especially for antimony and cadmium (all P for effect modification <0.05). These findings suggest that PM2.5 and certain constituents may adversely affect semen quality, especially sperm concentration, and provide new evidence to formulate pollution abatement strategies for male reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiji Huang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology , Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan , Hubei 430079 , China
| | - Bing Zhang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen) , Sun Yat-sen University , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518107 , China
| | - Li Wu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
| | - Yonggang Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology , Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan , Hubei 430079 , China
| | - Xiang Mao
- Institute of Environmental Health and Food Safety , Wuhan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan , Hubei 430015 , China
| | - Ying Chen
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology , Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan , Hubei 430079 , China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Health Surveillance, Analysis and Protection , Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan , Hubei 430079 , China
| | - Ping Luo
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology , Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan , Hubei 430079 , China
| | - Jixuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology , Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan , Hubei 430079 , China
| | - Zhe Peng
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology , Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan , Hubei 430079 , China
| | - Xiuqing Cui
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology , Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan , Hubei 430079 , China
| | - Shuguang Xie
- Institute of Health Surveillance, Analysis and Protection , Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan , Hubei 430079 , China
| | - Xixiang Huo
- Institute of Health Surveillance, Analysis and Protection , Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan , Hubei 430079 , China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Tianjin 300011 , China
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health , University of Iowa , Iowa City , Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Tingming Shi
- Division of Personnel, Science and Education , Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan , Hubei 430079 , China
| | - Yuewei Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology , Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan , Hubei 430079 , China
- Depeartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510080 , China
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Li Z, Tang Y, Song X, Lazar L, Li Z, Zhao J. Impact of ambient PM 2.5 on adverse birth outcome and potential molecular mechanism. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 169:248-254. [PMID: 30453172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 (particulate matter ≤2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter) refers to atmospheric particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of equal and less than 2.5 µm that tends to be suspended for long periods of time and travel over long distances in both outdoor and indoor atmospheres. PM2.5, along with the toxic compounds attached on it, may cause a wide range of disorders. The fetus is considered to be highly susceptible to a variety of toxicants including atmospheric pollutants such as PM2.5 through prenatal exposure. To better understand the relationship between maternal exposure to PM2.5 and adverse birth outcomes for reproduction and fetus development, we studied the published data on this issue including case-control studies, cohort studies and meta-analyses studies, and summarized the basic impact of ambient particulate matter on adverse birth outcomes. Research evidence indicates that PM2.5 has a potential to induce low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PTB), and stillbirth. A further in-depth analysis shows that oxidative stress, DNA methylation, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content alteration, and endocrine disruptions may all play an important role in PM2.5 induced adverse effects to pregnant women and fetuses. In addition, PM2.5 exposure can cause male reproductive toxicity, leading to associated adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Tang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Lissy Lazar
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinshun Zhao
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Huang H, Woodruff TJ, Baer RJ, Bangia K, August LM, Jellife-Palowski LL, Padula AM, Sirota M. Investigation of association between environmental and socioeconomic factors and preterm birth in California. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 121:1066-1078. [PMID: 30075861 PMCID: PMC6638551 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth (PTB),2 defined as birth at gestational age <37 weeks, is a major public health concern. Infants born prematurely, comprising of about 10% of the US newborns, have elevated risks of neonatal mortality and a wide array of health problems. Although numerous clinical, genetic, environmental and socioeconomic factors have been implicated in PTB, very few studies investigate the impacts of multiple pollutants and social factors on PTB using large scale datasets. OBJECTIVES To evaluate association between environmental and socioeconomic factors and PTB in California. METHODS We linked the birth cohort file maintained by the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development from 2009 to 2012 years across 1.8 million births and the CalEnviroScreen 3.0 dataset from California Communities Environmental Health Screening Tool at the census tract level for 56 California counties. CalEnviroScreen contains 7 exposure and 5 environmental effects variables that constitute the Pollution Burden variable, and 5 socioeconomic variables. We evaluated relationships between environmental exposures and the risk of PTB using hierarchical clustering analyses and GIS-based visualization. We also used logistic regression to evaluate the relationship between specific pollutant and exposure indicators and PTB, accounted for socio-demographic determinants such as maternal race/ethnicity, maternal age, maternal education and payment of delivery costs. RESULTS There exists geographic variability in PTB for groups of counties with similar environmental and social exposure profiles. We found an association between Pollution Burden, particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), and Drinking Water Scores and PTB (adjusted odds ratios were 1.03 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.01, 1.04), 1.03 (95% CI: 1.02,1.04), and 1.04 (95% CI: 1.03,1.05), respectively). Additional findings suggest that certain drinking water contaminants such as arsenic and nitrate are associated with PTB in California. CONCLUSIONS CalEnviroScreen data combined with birth records offer great opportunity for revealing novel exposures and evaluating cumulative exposures related to PTB by providing useful environmental and social information. Certain drinking water contaminants such as arsenic and nitrate are potentially associated with PTB in California and should be investigated further. Small association signals may involve sizeable population impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtai Huang
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Tracey J Woodruff
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca J Baer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Komal Bangia
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Laura M August
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Laura L Jellife-Palowski
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Amy M Padula
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marina Sirota
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Basu R, Rau R, Pearson D, Malig B. Temperature and Term Low Birth Weight in California. Am J Epidemiol 2018; 187:2306-2314. [PMID: 29901701 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwy116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Few investigations have explored temperature and birth outcomes. In a retrospective cohort study, we examined apparent temperature, a combination of temperature and relative humidity, and term low birth weight (LBW) among 43,629 full-term LBW infants and 2,032,601 normal-weight infants in California (1999-2013). The California Department of Public Health provided birth certificate data, while meteorological data came from the California Irrigation Management Information System, US Environmental Protection Agency, and National Centers for Environmental Information. After considering several temperature metrics, we observed the best model fit for term LBW over the full gestation (per 10-degrees-Fahrenheit (°F) increase in apparent temperature, 13.0% change, 95% confidence interval: 4.1, 22.7) above 55°F, and the greatest association was for third-trimester exposure above 60°F (15.8%, 95% confidence interval: 5.0, 27.6). Apparent temperature during the first month of pregnancy exhibited no significant risk, while the first trimester had a significantly negative association, and second trimester, last month, and last 2 weeks had slightly increased risks. Mothers who were black or older, delivered male infants, or gave birth during the warm season had infants at the highest risks. This study provides further evidence for adverse birth outcomes from heat exposure for vulnerable subgroups of pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupa Basu
- Air and Climate Epidemiology Section, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Reina Rau
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Dharshani Pearson
- Air and Climate Epidemiology Section, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California
| | - Brian Malig
- Air and Climate Epidemiology Section, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California
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33
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Bose S, Rosa MJ, Mathilda Chiu YH, Leon Hsu HH, Di Q, Lee A, Kloog I, Wilson A, Schwartz J, Wright RO, Morgan WJ, Coull BA, Wright RJ. Prenatal nitrate air pollution exposure and reduced child lung function: Timing and fetal sex effects. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 167:591-597. [PMID: 30172192 PMCID: PMC6196719 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal particulate air pollution exposure may alter lung growth and development in utero in a time-sensitive and sex-specific manner, resulting in reduced lung function in childhood. Such relationships have not been examined for nitrate (NO3-). METHODS We implemented Bayesian distributed lag interaction models (BDLIMs) to identify sensitive prenatal windows for the influence of NO3- on lung function at age 7 years, assessing effect modification by fetal sex. Analyses included 191 mother-child dyads. Daily ambient NO3- exposure over pregnancy was estimated using a hybrid chemical transport (Geos-Chem)/land-use regression model. Spirometry was performed at mean (SD) age of 6.99 (0.89) years, with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) z-scores accounting for child age, sex, height and race/ethnicity. RESULTS Most mothers were Hispanic (65%) or Black (22%), had ≤ high school education (67%), and never smoked (71%); 17% children had asthma. BDILMs adjusted for maternal age and education and child's asthma identified an early sensitive window of 6-12 weeks gestation, during which increased NO3- was significantly associated with reduced FEV1 z-scores specifically among boys. BDLIM analyses demonstrated similar sex-specific patterns for FVC. CONCLUSION Early gestational NO3- exposure is associated with reduced child lung function, especially in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Bose
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1198, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Maria José Rosa
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1198, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Hsiao-Hsien Leon Hsu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Qian Di
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alison Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Itai Kloog
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, BeerSheba, Israel
| | - Ander Wilson
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1198, New York, NY 10029, United States; Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States; Institute for Exposomics Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Wayne J Morgan
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Arizona, United States
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1198, New York, NY 10029, United States; Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States; Institute for Exposomics Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.
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Shaw JG, Joyce VR, Schmitt SK, Frayne SM, Shaw KA, Danielsen B, Kimerling R, Asch SM, Phibbs CS. Selection of Higher Risk Pregnancies into Veterans Health Administration Programs: Discoveries from Linked Department of Veterans Affairs and California Birth Data. Health Serv Res 2018; 53 Suppl 3:5260-5284. [PMID: 30198185 DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.13041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe variation in payer and outcomes in Veterans' births. DATA/SETTING Secondary data analyses of deliveries in California, 2000-2012. STUDY DESIGN We performed a retrospective, population-based study of all live births to Veterans (confirmed via U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) enrollment records), to identify payer and variations in outcomes among: (1) Veterans using VA coverage and (2) Veteran vs. all other births. We calculated odds ratios (aOR) adjusted for age, race, ethnicity, education, and obstetric demographics. METHODS We anonymously linked VA administrative data for all female VA enrollees with California birth records. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS From 2000 to 2012, we identified 17,495 births to Veterans. VA covered 8.6 percent (1,508), Medicaid 17.3 percent, and Private insurance 47.6 percent. Veterans who relied on VA health coverage had more preeclampsia (aOR 1.4, CI 1.0-1.8) and more cesarean births (aOR 1.2, CI 1.0-1.3), and, despite similar prematurity, trended toward more neonatal intensive care (NICU) admissions (aOR 1.2, CI 1.0-1.4) compared to Veterans using other (non-Medicaid) coverage. Overall, Veterans' birth outcomes (all-payer) mirrored California's birth outcomes, with the exception of excess NICU care (aOR 1.15, CI 1.1-1.2). CONCLUSIONS VA covers a higher risk fraction of Veterans' births, justifying maternal care coordination and attention to the maternal-fetal impacts of Veterans' comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G Shaw
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.,VA HSR&D Center for Innovation to Implementation (Ci2i), US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Vilija R Joyce
- VA HSR&D Health Economics Resource Center (HERC), US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Susan K Schmitt
- VA HSR&D Health Economics Resource Center (HERC), US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA.,Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Susan M Frayne
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.,VA HSR&D Center for Innovation to Implementation (Ci2i), US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Kate A Shaw
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Rachel Kimerling
- VA HSR&D Center for Innovation to Implementation (Ci2i), US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA.,National Center for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Steven M Asch
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.,VA HSR&D Center for Innovation to Implementation (Ci2i), US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Ciaran S Phibbs
- VA HSR&D Center for Innovation to Implementation (Ci2i), US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA.,VA HSR&D Health Economics Resource Center (HERC), US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA.,Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Mendola P. Invited Commentary: The Power of Preterm Birth to Motivate a Cleaner Environment. Am J Epidemiol 2018; 187:1595-1597. [PMID: 29796628 PMCID: PMC6070101 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwy108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This commentary reflects on a natural experiment reported by Casey et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2018;187(8):1586-1594) that tested the association between living near a coal or oil power plant and preterm birth. They found that retiring power plants resulted in a significant reduction in preterm birth, with larger effects observed for late preterm birth and among non-Hispanic black mothers and infants. Natural experiments, in particular the Utah Valley Steel Mill closure, have played a prominent role in the evidence base for air pollution regulation due to their demonstrated impact on cardiopulmonary effects in adults. Reproductive health, including infant mortality and preterm birth associated with poor air quality, has generally received less attention. Even small reductions in preterm birth can have a large population health impact, both in terms of preventing mortality in the short-term an in preventing lifelong disability among affected infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Mendola
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD
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36
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Shaw JG, Nelson DA, Shaw KA, Woolaway-Bickel K, Phibbs CS, Kurina LM. Deployment and Preterm Birth Among US Army Soldiers. Am J Epidemiol 2018; 187:687-695. [PMID: 29370332 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwy003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
With increasing integration of women into combat roles in the US military, it is critical to determine whether deployment, which entails unique stressors and exposures, is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes. Few studies have examined whether deployment increases the risk of preterm birth; no studies (to our knowledge) have examined a recent cohort of servicewomen. We therefore used linked medical and administrative data from the Stanford Military Data Repository for all US Army soldiers with deliveries between 2011 and 2014 to estimate the associations of prior deployment, recency of deployment, and posttraumatic stress disorder with spontaneous preterm birth (SPB), adjusting for sociodemographic, military-service, and health-related factors. Of 12,877 deliveries, 6.1% were SPBs. The prevalence was doubled (11.7%) among soldiers who delivered within 6 months of their return from deployment. Multivariable discrete-time logistic regression models indicated that delivering within 6 months of return from deployment was strongly associated with SPB (adjusted odds ratio = 2.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.5, 2.9). Neither multiple past deployments nor posttraumatic stress disorder was significantly associated with SPB. Within this cohort, timing of pregnancy in relation to deployment was identified as a novel risk factor for SPB. Increased focus on servicewomen's pregnancy timing and predeployment access to reproductive counseling and effective contraception is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G Shaw
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - D Alan Nelson
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Kate A Shaw
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | - Ciaran S Phibbs
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Palo Alto, California
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Lianne M Kurina
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Mendola
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD
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