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Rifas-Shiman SL, Aris IM, Switkowski KM, Young J, Fleisch AF, James-Todd T, Zota AR, Perng W, Hivert MF, Rich-Edwards JW, Perez Capotosto M, Chavarro JE, Oken E. Cohort Profile Update: Project Viva mothers. Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:e332-e339. [PMID: 37875013 PMCID: PMC10749767 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen M Switkowski
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Young
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abby F Fleisch
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, USA
- Center for Interdisciplinary Population and Health Research, MaineHealth Institute for Research, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Tamarra James-Todd
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ami R Zota
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Perng
- Department of Epidemiology and the Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Janet W Rich-Edwards
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Connors Center for Women’s Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Kisely S, Leske S, Arnautovska U, Siskind D, Warren N, Northwood K, Suetani S, Najman JM. A 40-year study of child maltreatment over the early life course predicting psychiatric morbidity, using linked birth cohort and administrative health data: protocol for the Childhood Adversity and Lifetime Morbidity (CALM) study. BJPsych Open 2023; 9:e50. [PMID: 36880844 PMCID: PMC10044170 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2023.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child maltreatment is a major public health issue worldwide. Retrospective studies show a strong association between self-reported child maltreatment and poor mental and physical health problems. Prospective studies that use reports to statutory agencies are less common, and comparisons of self- and agency-reported abuse in the same cohort even rarer. AIMS This project will link state-wide administrative health data with prospective birth cohort data (N = 7223) from Brisbane in Queensland, Australia (including notifications to child protection agencies), to compare psychiatric outcomes in adulthood of agency- and self-reported child maltreatment while minimising attrition bias. METHOD We will compare people with all forms of self- and agency-reported child maltreatment to the rest of the cohort, adjusting for confounding in logistic, Cox or multiple regression models based on whether outcomes are categorical or continuous. Outcomes will be hospital admissions, emergency department presentations or community/out-patient contacts for ICD-10 psychiatric diagnoses, suicidal ideation and self-harm as recorded in the relevant administrative databases. CONCLUSIONS This study will track the life course outcomes of adults after having experienced child maltreatment, and so provide an evidence-based understanding of the long-term health and behavioural consequences of child maltreatment. It will also consider health outcomes that are particularly relevant for adolescents and young adults, especially in relation to prospective notifications to statutory agencies. Additionally, it will identify the overlap and differences in outcome for two different sources of child maltreatment identification in the same cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Kisely
- Princess Alexandra Hospital Southside Clinical Unit, Greater Brisbane Clinical School, Medical School, The University of Queensland, Australia; Departments of Psychiatry, Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Canada; and Addiction and Mental Health Services, Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Service, Australia
| | - Stuart Leske
- Princess Alexandra Hospital Southside Clinical Unit, Greater Brisbane Clinical School, Medical School, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Urska Arnautovska
- Princess Alexandra Hospital Southside Clinical Unit, Greater Brisbane Clinical School, Medical School, The University of Queensland, Australia; and Addiction and Mental Health Services, Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Service, Australia
| | - Dan Siskind
- Princess Alexandra Hospital Southside Clinical Unit, Greater Brisbane Clinical School, Medical School, The University of Queensland, Australia; and Addiction and Mental Health Services, Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Service, Australia
| | - Nicola Warren
- Princess Alexandra Hospital Southside Clinical Unit, Greater Brisbane Clinical School, Medical School, The University of Queensland, Australia; and Addiction and Mental Health Services, Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Service, Australia
| | - Korinne Northwood
- Princess Alexandra Hospital Southside Clinical Unit, Greater Brisbane Clinical School, Medical School, The University of Queensland, Australia; and Addiction and Mental Health Services, Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Service, Australia
| | | | - Jake Moses Najman
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Australia; and School of Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
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Laubach ZM, Holekamp KE, Aris IM, Slopen N, Perng W. Applications of conceptual models from lifecourse epidemiology in ecology and evolutionary biology. Biol Lett 2022; 18:20220194. [PMID: 35855609 PMCID: PMC9297019 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2022.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In ecology and evolutionary biology (EEB), the study of developmental plasticity seeks to understand ontogenetic processes underlying the phenotypes upon which natural selection acts. A central challenge to this inquiry is ascertaining a causal effect of the exposure on the manifestation of later-life phenotype due to the time elapsed between the two events. The exposure is a potential cause of the outcome-i.e. an environmental stimulus or experience. The later phenotype might be a behaviour, physiological condition, morphology or life-history trait. The latency period between the exposure and outcome complicates causal inference due to the inevitable occurrence of additional events that may affect the relationship of interest. Here, we describe six distinct but non-mutually exclusive conceptual models from the field of lifecourse epidemiology and discuss their applications to EEB research. The models include Critical Period with No Later Modifiers, Critical Period with Later Modifiers, Accumulation of Risk with Independent Risk Exposures, Accumulation of Risk with Risk Clustering, Accumulation of Risk with Chains of Risk and Accumulation of Risk with Trigger Effect. These models, which have been widely used to test causal hypotheses regarding the early origins of adult-onset disease in humans, are directly relevant to research on developmental plasticity in EEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M. Laubach
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (EEB), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Mara Hyena Project, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kay E. Holekamp
- Mara Hyena Project, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Izzuddin M. Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalie Slopen
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wei Perng
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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Switkowski KM, Aris IM, Gingras V, Oken E, Young JG. Estimated causal effects of complementary feeding behaviors on early childhood diet quality in a US cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 115:1105-1114. [PMID: 35030237 PMCID: PMC8970996 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complementary feeding (CF) provides an opportunity to shape children's future dietary habits, setting the foundation for good nutrition and health. OBJECTIVES We estimated effects of 3 CF behaviors on early childhood diet quality using inverse probability (IP) weighting of marginal structural models (MSMs). METHODS Among 1041 children from the Boston-area Project Viva cohort, we estimated effects on the mean Youth Healthy Eating Index (YHEI) score in early childhood of 1) delayed (≥12 mo) compared with early (<12 mo) introduction of sweets and fruit juice; 2) continued compared with ceased offering of initially refused foods; and 3) early (<12 mo) compared with late (≥12 mo) introduction of flavor/texture variety. Mothers reported CF behaviors at 1 y and completed FFQs for children in early childhood (median age: 3.1 y). We estimated average treatment effects (ATEs) using IP weighting of MSMs to adjust for both confounding and selection bias due to censored outcomes and examined effect modification by child sex and breastfeeding compared with formula feeding at 6 mo. RESULTS Twelve percent of mothers delayed introducing sweets/fruit juice, 93% continued offering initially refused foods, and 32% introduced flavor/texture variety early. The mean ± SD YHEI score was 52.8 ± 9.2 points. In adjusted models, we estimated a higher mean YHEI score with delayed (compared with early) sweets and fruit juice among breastfeeding children (ATE: 4.5 points; 95% CI: 1.0, 7.4 points), as well as with continued (compared with ceased) offering of refused foods among females (ATE: 5.4 points; 95% CI: 0.8, 9.1 points). The ATE for early (compared with late) flavor/texture variety was 1.7 points (95% CI: 0.3, 3.2 points) overall and stronger (2.8 points; 95% CI: 0.7, 5.1 points) among the formula-fed group. CONCLUSIONS Delayed introduction of sweets/juice, continued offering of refused foods, and early flavor/texture variety may all result in higher childhood diet quality. Effects may depend on child sex and infant breastfeeding status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Véronique Gingras
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, University of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center (CHU), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica G Young
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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Kasman M, Heuberger B, Mack-Crane W, Purcell R, Hammond RA, Oken E, Kleinman KP. Using a Microsimulation of Energy Balance to Explore the Influence of Prenatal Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake on Child BMI. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:731-739. [PMID: 33619862 PMCID: PMC7990697 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Experiments with animals suggest that high sugar consumption during pregnancy may predispose offspring to obesity, but few human studies have examined this relationship. This study explored the association between the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) during pregnancy and caloric intake through childhood. METHODS Using cohort data on child weight, height, and physical activity levels, a lab-validated microsimulation model of energy balance was employed to infer the caloric intake of children through age 11 years. Random effects models were then employed to explore the relationships between prenatal maternal consumption and inferred caloric intake during childhood. RESULTS An additional daily serving of SSBs during the second trimester of pregnancy was associated with an increase in child consumption of 13 kcal/d (95% CI: 1.2-26.8). Age-stratified models adjusting for maternal and child covariates suggested that this association was strongest for children aged 2.5 to 5.5 years. The consumption of SSBs during the first trimester was not found to have a consistently positive relationship to caloric intake. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that SSB consumption during the second trimester of pregnancy is associated with child energy intake and may influence anthropometry in early childhood, which is consistent with and suggestive of the presence of biological causal pathways alongside likely simultaneous contributions of social and environmental influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Kasman
- Center on Social Dynamics and Policy, Economics Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Benjamin Heuberger
- Center on Social Dynamics and Policy, Economics Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - William Mack-Crane
- Center on Social Dynamics and Policy, Economics Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rob Purcell
- Center on Social Dynamics and Policy, Economics Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ross A Hammond
- Center on Social Dynamics and Policy, Economics Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC, USA
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ken P Kleinman
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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