1
|
Krysiak M, Węgrzyn A, Kowalewska Ł, Kulik A, Ostaszewska-Bugajska M, Mazur J, Garstka M, Mazur R. Light-independent pathway of STN7 kinase activation under low temperature stress in runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:513. [PMID: 38849759 PMCID: PMC11157908 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phosphorylation of the Light-Harvesting Complex of photosystem II (LHCII) driven by STATE TRANSITION 7 (STN7) kinase is a part of one of the crucial regulatory mechanisms of photosynthetic light reactions operating in fluctuating environmental conditions, light in particular. There are evidenced that STN7 can also be activated without light as well as in dark-chilling conditions. However, the biochemical mechanism standing behind this complex metabolic pathway has not been deciphered yet. RESULTS In this work, we showed that dark-chilling induces light-independent LHCII phosphorylation in runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.). In dark-chilling conditions, we registered an increased reduction of the PQ pool which led to activation of STN7 kinase, subsequent LHCII phosphorylation, and possible LHCII relocation inside the thylakoid membrane. We also presented the formation of a complex composed of phosphorylated LHCII and photosystem I typically formed upon light-induced phosphorylation. Moreover, we indicated that the observed steps were preceded by the activation of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) enzymes and starch accumulation. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a direct connection between photosynthetic complexes reorganization and dark-chilling-induced activation of the thioredoxin system. The proposed possible pathway starts from the activation of OPPP enzymes and further NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) activation. In the next steps, NTRC simultaneously activates ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and thylakoid membrane-located NAD(P)H dehydrogenase-like complex. These results in starch synthesis and electron transfer to the plastoquinone (PQ) pool, respectively. Reduced PQ pool activates STN7 kinase which phosphorylates LHCII. In this work, we present a new perspective on the mechanisms involving photosynthetic complexes while efficiently operating in the darkness. Although we describe the studied pathway in detail, taking into account also the time course of the following steps, the biological significance of this phenomenon remains puzzling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Krysiak
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Anna Węgrzyn
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
| | - Łucja Kowalewska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
| | - Anna Kulik
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, Warsaw, 02-106, Poland
| | - Monika Ostaszewska-Bugajska
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
| | - Jan Mazur
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
| | - Maciej Garstka
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland
| | - Radosław Mazur
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu W, Wei JW, Shan Q, Liu M, Xu J, Gong B. Genetic engineering of drought- and salt-tolerant tomato via Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase S-nitrosylation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:1038-1052. [PMID: 38478428 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Drought and soil salinization substantially impact agriculture. While proline's role in enhancing stress tolerance is known, the exact molecular mechanism by which plants process stress signals and control proline synthesis under stress is still not fully understood. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), drought and salt stress stimulate nitric oxide (NO) production, which boosts proline synthesis by activating Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (SlP5CS) and Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (SlP5CR) genes and the P5CR enzyme. The crucial factor is stress-triggered NO production, which regulates the S-nitrosylation of SlP5CR at Cys-5, thereby increasing its NAD(P)H affinity and enzymatic activity. S-nitrosylation of SlP5CR enables tomato plants to better adapt to changing NAD(P)H levels, boosting both SlP5CR activity and proline synthesis during stress. By comparing tomato lines genetically modified to express different forms of SlP5CR, including a variant mimicking S-nitrosylation (SlP5CRC5W), we found that SlP5CRC5W plants show superior growth and stress tolerance. This is attributed to better P5CR activity, proline production, water use efficiency, reactive oxygen species scavenging, and sodium excretion. Overall, this study demonstrates that tomato engineered to mimic S-nitrosylated SlP5CR exhibits enhanced growth and yield under drought and salt stress conditions, highlighting a promising approach for stress-tolerant tomato cultivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jin-Wei Wei
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qing Shan
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jinghao Xu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Biao Gong
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liang Y, Liu H, Fu Y, Li P, Li S, Gao Y. Regulatory effects of silicon nanoparticles on the growth and photosynthesis of cotton seedlings under salt and low-temperature dual stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:504. [PMID: 37864143 PMCID: PMC10589941 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04509-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicon nanoparticles (SiO2-NPs) play a crucial role in plants mitigating abiotic stress. However, the regulatory mechanism of SiO2-NPs in response to multiple stress remains unclear. The objectives of this study were to reveal the regulatory mechanism of SiO2-NPs on the growth and photosynthesis in cotton seedlings under salt and low-temperature dual stress. It will provide a theoretical basis for perfecting the mechanism of crop resistance and developing the technology of cotton seedling preservation and stable yield in arid and high salt areas. RESULTS The results showed that the salt and low-temperature dual stress markedly decreased the plant height, leaf area, and aboveground biomass of cotton seedlings by 9.58%, 15.76%, and 39.80%, respectively. While SiO2-NPs alleviated the damage of the dual stress to cotton seedling growth. In addition to reduced intercellular CO2 concentration, SiO2-NPs significantly improved the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate of cotton seedling leaves. Additionally, stomatal length, stomatal width, and stomatal density increased with the increase in SiO2-NPs concentration. Notably, SiO2-NPs not only enhanced chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content, but also slowed the decrease of maximum photochemical efficiency, actual photochemical efficiency, photochemical quenching of variable chlorophyll, and the increase in non-photochemical quenching. Moreover, SiO2-NPs enhanced the activities of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, improved leaf water potential, and decreased abscisic acid and malondialdehyde content. All the parameters obtained the optimal effects at a SiO2-NPs concentration of 100 mg L- 1, and significantly increased the plant height, leaf area, and aboveground biomass by 7.68%, 5.37%, and 43.00%, respectively. Furthermore, significant correlation relationships were observed between photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance, stomatal length, stomatal width, stomatal density, chlorophyll content, maximum photochemical efficiency, actual photochemical efficiency, photochemical quenching of variable chlorophyll, and Rubisco activity. CONCLUSION The results suggested that the SiO2-NPs improved the growth and photosynthesis of cotton seedlings might mainly result from regulating the stomatal state, improving the light energy utilization efficiency and electron transport activity of PSII reaction center, and inducing the increase of Rubisco activity to enhance carbon assimilation under the salt and low-temperature dual stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueping Liang
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fu
- College of Agronomy, Tarim University, Alaer, 843300, China
| | - Penghui Li
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang H, Zhang J, Li H. Strategies of NaCl Tolerance in Saline-Alkali-Tolerant Green Microalga Monoraphidium dybowskii LB50. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3495. [PMID: 37836235 PMCID: PMC10575140 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Studying how freshwater cells modify metabolism and membrane lipids in response to salt stress is important for understanding how freshwater organisms adapt to salt stress and investigating new osmoregulatory ways. Physiological, biochemical, metabolic, and proteomic analyses were applied in a novel saline-alkali-tolerant microalga Monoraphidium dybowskii LB50 under different NaCl concentrations. Cells adopt a variety of strategies to adapt to salt stress, including increasing ion transport and osmolytes, regulating cell cycle and life history, and accumulating triacylglycerol (TAG). A large number of metabolic activities point to TAG accumulation. With increasing NaCl concentration, the C resource for TAG accumulation went from photosynthetically fixed C and a small amount of lipid remodeling to macromolecule degradation and a mass of lipid remodeling, respectively. The energy for TAG accumulation went from linear electron transfer and oxidative phosphate pentose pathway to cyclic electron flow, substrate phosphorylation, oxidation phosphorylation, and FA oxidation. Additionally, digalacturonic acid and amino acids of the N-acetyl group, which usually were the osmotica for marine organisms, were important for M. dybowskii LB50. Freshwater organisms evolved many biological ways to adapt to salt stress. This insight enriches our understanding of the adaptation mechanisms underlying abiotic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Jing Zhang
- Analysis and Testing Center of Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu X, Wang L, Wu S, Zhou L, Gao S, Xie X, Wang L, Gu W, Wang G. Formation of resting cells is accompanied with enrichment of ferritin in marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
6
|
Dou L, Li Z, Wang H, Li H, Xiao G, Zhang X. The hexokinase Gene Family in Cotton: Genome-Wide Characterization and Bioinformatics Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:882587. [PMID: 35651774 PMCID: PMC9149573 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.882587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Hexokinase (HXK) is involved in hexose phosphorylation, sugar sensing, and signal transduction, all of which regulate plant growth and adaptation to stresses. Gossypium hirsutum L. is one of the most important fiber crops in the world, however, little is known about the HXKs gene family in G. hirsutum L. We identified 17 GhHXKs from the allotetraploid G. hirsutum L. genome (AADD). G. raimondii (DD) and G. arboreum (AA) are the diploid progenitors of G. hirsutum L. and contributed equally to the At_genome and Dt_genome GhHXKs genes. The chromosomal locations and exon-intron structures of GhHXK genes among cotton species are conservative. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the HXK proteins into four and three groups based on whether they were monocotyledons and dicotyledons, respectively. Duplication event analysis demonstrated that HXKs in G. hirsutum L. primarily originated from segmental duplication, which prior to diploid hybridization. Experiments of qRT-PCR, transcriptome and promoter cis-elements demonstrated that GhHXKs' promoters have auxin and GA responsive elements that are highly expressed in the fiber initiation and elongation stages, while the promoters contain ABA-, MeJA-, and SA-responsive elements that are highly expressed during the synthesis of the secondary cell wall. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the GhHXK gene family is a vital fiber crop, which lays the foundation for future studies assessing its role in fiber development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Dou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, China
| | - Zihan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Huiqin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - HuaiZhu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, China
| | - Guanghui Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Guanghui Xiao,
| | - Xianliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Xianliang Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Soil Salinity, a Serious Environmental Issue and Plant Responses: A Metabolomics Perspective. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110724. [PMID: 34822381 PMCID: PMC8620211 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of global warming have increasingly led to devastating environmental stresses, such as heat, salinity, and drought. Soil salinization is a serious environmental issue and results in detrimental abiotic stress, affecting 7% of land area and 33% of irrigated lands worldwide. The proportion of arable land facing salinity is expected to rise due to increasing climate change fuelled by anthropogenic activities, exacerbating the threat to global food security for the exponentially growing populace. As sessile organisms, plants have evolutionarily developed mechanisms that allow ad hoc responses to salinity stress. The orchestrated mechanisms include signalling cascades involving phytohormones, kinases, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and calcium regulatory networks. As a pillar in a systems biology approach, metabolomics allows for comprehensive interrogation of the biochemistry and a deconvolution of molecular mechanisms involved in plant responses to salinity. Thus, this review highlights soil salinization as a serious environmental issue and points to the negative impacts of salinity on plants. Furthermore, the review summarises mechanisms regulating salinity tolerance on molecular, cellular, and biochemical levels with a focus on metabolomics perspectives. This critical synthesis of current literature is an opportunity to revisit the current models regarding plant responses to salinity, with an invitation to further fundamental research for novel and actionable insights.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang D, Xu J, Beer S, Beardall J, Zhou C, Gao K. Increased CO 2 Relevant to Future Ocean Acidification Alleviates the Sensitivity of a Red Macroalgae to Solar Ultraviolet Irradiance by Modulating the Synergy Between Photosystems II and I. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:726538. [PMID: 34603355 PMCID: PMC8481898 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.726538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
While intertidal macroalgae are exposed to drastic changes in solar photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) during a diel cycle, and to ocean acidification (OA) associated with increasing CO2 levels, little is known about their photosynthetic performance under the combined influences of these drivers. In this work, we examined the photoprotective strategies controlling electron flow through photosystems II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) in response to solar radiation with or without UVR and an elevated CO2 concentration in the intertidal, commercially important, red macroalgae Pyropia (previously Porphyra) yezoensis. By using chlorophyll fluorescence techniques, we found that high levels of PAR alone induced photoinhibition of the inter-photosystem electron transport carriers, as evidenced by the increase of chlorophyll fluorescence in both the J- and I-steps of Kautsky curves. In the presence of UVR, photoinduced inhibition was mainly identified in the O2-evolving complex (OEC) and PSII, as evidenced by a significant increase in the variable fluorescence at the K-step (F k) of Kautsky curves relative to the amplitude of F J-F o (Wk) and a decrease of the maximum quantum yield of PSII (F v/F m). Such inhibition appeared to ameliorate the function of downstream electron acceptors, protecting PSI from over-reduction. In turn, the stable PSI activity increased the efficiency of cyclic electron transport (CET) around PSI, dissipating excess energy and supplying ATP for CO2 assimilation. When the algal thalli were grown under increased CO2 and OA conditions, the CET activity became further enhanced, which maintained the OEC stability and thus markedly alleviating the UVR-induced photoinhibition. In conclusion, the well-established coordination between PSII and PSI endows P. yezoensis with a highly efficient photochemical performance in response to UVR, especially under the scenario of future increased CO2 levels and OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science & College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Juntian Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Sven Beer
- Department of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - John Beardall
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science & College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Cong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science & College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kunshan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science & College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Srivastava A, Biswas S, Yadav S, Kumar S, Srivastava V, Mishra Y. Acute cadmium toxicity and post-stress recovery: Insights into coordinated and integrated response/recovery strategies of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 411:124822. [PMID: 33858073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria, the first photoautotrophs have remarkable adaptive capabilities against most abiotic stresses, including Cd. A model cyanobacterium, Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 has been commonly used to understand cyanobacterial plasticity under different environmental stresses. However, very few studies have focused on the acute Cd toxicity. In this context, Anabaena was subjected to 100 μM Cd for 48 h (acute Cd stress, ACdS) and then transferred into the fresh medium for post-stress recovery (PSR). We further investigated the dynamics of morpho-ultrastructure, physiology, cytosolic proteome, thylakoidal complexes, chelators, and transporters after ACdS, as well as during early (ER), mid (MR), and late (LR) phases of PSR. The findings revealed that ACdS induced intracellular Cd accumulation and ROS production, altered morpho-ultrastructure, reduced photosynthetic pigments, and affected the structural organization of PSII, which subsequently hindered photosynthetic efficiency. Anabaena responded to ACdS and recovered during PSR by reprogramming the expression pattern of proteins/genes involved in cellular defense and repair; CO2 access, Calvin-Benson cycle, glycolysis, and pentose phosphate pathway; protein biosynthesis, folding, and degradation; regulatory functions; PSI-based cyclic electron flow; Cd chelation; and efflux. These modulations occurred in an integrated and coordinated manner that facilitated Anabaena to detoxify Cd and repair ACdS-induced cellular damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Srivastava
- Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Subhankar Biswas
- Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sandhya Yadav
- Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sanjiv Kumar
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Vaibhav Srivastava
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Yogesh Mishra
- Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang Y, Xu B, Ning S, Shi S, Tan L. Magnetically stimulated azo dye biodegradation by a newly isolated osmo-tolerant Candida tropicalis A1 and transcriptomic responses. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 209:111791. [PMID: 33360211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A recently isolated osmo-tolerant yeast Candida tropicalis A1, which could decolorize various azo dyes under high-salinity conditions, was systematically characterized in the present study. Stimulating dye-decolorization effectiveness and osmo-tolerance of the yeast by static magnetic field (SMF) was investigated and transcriptomic responses of the yeast to SMF was analyzed to propose possible mechanisms. The results demonstrated that the yeast A1 effectively decolorized (≥ 97.50% within 12 h) and detoxified (from high toxicity to low toxicity within 24 h) 70 mg/L Acid Red B (ARB) under the optimized conditions through a series of steps including naphthalene-amidine bond cleavage, reductive or oxidative deamination/desulfurization, open-loop of hydroxy-substituted naphthalene or benzene and TCA cycle. Moreover, dye decolorization performance and osmo-tolerance of the yeast A1 were further improved by 24.6 mT SMF. Genes encoding high-affinity hexose/glucose transporter proteins and NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase were up-regulated by 24.6 mT SMF, which might be responsible for the increase of dye decolorization. Significant up-regulation of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and cell wall protein RHD3 suggested that osmo-tolerance was enhanced by 24.6 mT SMF through promoting production and intracellular accumulation of glycerol as compatible solute, as well as regulation of cell wall component. In conclusion, 24.6 mT SMF led to the up-regulation of related genes resulting in enhanced dye biodegradation efficiency and osmo-tolerance of the yeast A1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, Dalian, Liaoning 116081, PR China
| | - Bingwen Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Products and Aquatic Products Inspection and Testing, Dalian Center for Certification and Food and Drug Control, Dalian 116037, PR China
| | - Shuxiang Ning
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, Dalian, Liaoning 116081, PR China
| | - Shengnan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, Dalian, Liaoning 116081, PR China
| | - Liang Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, Dalian, Liaoning 116081, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bandehagh A, Taylor NL. Can Alternative Metabolic Pathways and Shunts Overcome Salinity Induced Inhibition of Central Carbon Metabolism in Crops? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1072. [PMID: 32849676 PMCID: PMC7417600 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The annual cost of lost crop production from exposure to salinity has major impacts on food security in all parts of the world. Salinity stress disturbs energy metabolism and knowledge of the impacts on critical processes controlling plant energy production is key to successfully breeding salt tolerant crops. To date, little progress has been achieved using classic breeding approaches to develop salt tolerance. The hope of some salinity researchers is that through a better understanding of the metabolic responses and adaptation to salinity exposure, new breeding targets can be suggested to help develop salt tolerant crops. Plants sense and react to salinity through a complex system of sensors, receptor systems, transporters, signal transducers, and gene expression regulators in order to control the uptake of salts and to induce tolerant metabolism that jointly leads to changes in growth rate and biomass production. During this response, there must be a balance between supply of energy from mitochondria and chloroplasts and energy demands for water and ion transport, growth, and osmotic adjustment. The photosynthetic response to salinity has been thoroughly researched and generally we see a sharp drop in photosynthesis after exposure to salinity. However, less attention has been given to the effect of salt stress on plant mitochondrial respiration and the metabolic processes that influence respiratory rate. A further complication is the wide range of respiratory responses that have been observed in different plant species, which have included major and minor increases, decreases, and no change in respiratory rate after salt exposure. In this review, we begin by considering physiological and biochemical impacts of salinity on major crop plants. We then summarize and consider recent advances that have characterized changes in abundance of metabolites that are involved in respiratory pathways and their alternative routes and shunts in terms of energy metabolism in crop plants. We will consider the diverse molecular responses of cellular plant metabolism during salinity exposure and suggest how these metabolic responses might aid in salinity tolerance. Finally, we will consider how this commonality and diversity should influence how future research of the salinity responses of crops plants should proceed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bandehagh
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nicolas L. Taylor
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tan Y, Zhang QS, Zhao W, Liu Z, Ma MY, Zhong MY, Wang MX, Xu B. Chlororespiration Serves as Photoprotection for the Photo-Inactivated Oxygen-Evolving Complex in Zostera marina, a Marine Angiosperm. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:1517-1529. [PMID: 32492141 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As an alternative electron sink, chlororespiration, comprising the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex and plastid terminal plastoquinone oxidase, may play a significant role in sustaining the redox equilibrium between stroma and thylakoid membrane. This study identified a distinct role for chlororespiration in the marine angiosperm Zostera marina, whose oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) is prone to photo-inactivation as a result of its inherent susceptibility to excess irradiation. The strong connectivity between OEC peripheral proteins and key chlororespiratory enzymes, as demonstrated in the interaction network of differentially expressed genes, suggested that the recovery of photo-inactivated OEC was connected with chlororespiration. Chlorophyll fluorescence, transcriptome and Western blot data verified a new physiological role for chlororespiration to function as photoprotection and generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane for the recovery of photo-inactivated OEC. Chlororespiration was only activated in darkness following excess irradiation exposure, which might be related to electron deficiency in the electron transport chain because of the continuous impairment of the OEC. The activation of chlororespiration in Z. marina was prone to proactivity, which was also supported by the further activation of the oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway synthesizing NADPH to meet the demand of chlororespiration during darkness. This phenomenon is distinct from the common assumption that chlororespiration is prone to consuming redundant reducing power during the short transition phase from light to dark.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tan
- Phycology Laboratory, Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Quan Sheng Zhang
- Phycology Laboratory, Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Phycology Laboratory, Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Phycology Laboratory, Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Ming Yu Ma
- Phycology Laboratory, Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Ming Yu Zhong
- Phycology Laboratory, Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Meng Xin Wang
- Phycology Laboratory, Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Bin Xu
- Phycology Laboratory, Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zheng Z, Gu W, Gao S, Wang G. Characterization of photosynthetic protein complexes in conchocelis and blades of Pyropia yezoensis (Rhodophyta). ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
14
|
Wang X, Wang Y, Ning S, Shi S, Tan L. Improving Azo Dye Decolorization Performance and Halotolerance of Pichia occidentalis A2 by Static Magnetic Field and Possible Mechanisms Through Comparative Transcriptome Analysis. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:712. [PMID: 32431675 PMCID: PMC7216737 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A halotolerant yeast, Pichia occidentalis A2, was recently isolated that can decolorize various azo dyes. The azo dye decolorization performance of this strain was characterized, including the degradation pathway and detoxification effects of this yeast. Additionally, the effect of static magnetic field (SMF) on this decolorization process was investigated. Activities of key enzymes were analyzed to estimate the change of metabolic activity. Furthermore, possible mechanisms were analyzed through detecting differentially expressed genes between yeast A2 in the absence and presence of SMF. The results indicated that yeast A2 displayed the optimal decolorization performance when the concentrations (in g/L) of glucose, (NH4)2SO4, yeast extract, and NaCl were 4.0, 1.0, 0.1, and ≤30.0, respectively. Meanwhile, the optimal rotation speed, temperature, and pH were 160 rpm, 30°C, and 5.0, respectively. Acid Red B was decolorized and detoxified by yeast A2 through successive steps, including cleavage of the naphthalene-amidine bond, reductive deamination, oxidative deamination/desulfurization, open-loop of hydroxy-substituted naphthalene, and tricarboxylic acid cycle. The dye decolorization efficiency and halotolerance of yeast A2 were enhanced by 206.3 mT SMF. The activities of manganese peroxidase, and laccase were elevated 1.37- and 1.16-fold by 206.3 mT SMF, but lignin peroxidase activity showed little change. It was suggested from the transcriptome sequence that the enhanced halotolerance might be related to the upregulated genes encoding the enzymes or functional proteins related to intracellular synthesis and accumulation of glycerol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Liang Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang W, Chen T, Xu Y, Xu K, Xu Y, Ji D, Chen C, Xie C. Investigating the mechanisms underlying the hyposaline tolerance of intertidal seaweed, Pyropia haitanensis. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
16
|
Tan Y, Zhang QS, Zhao W, Liu Z, Ma MY, Zhong MY, Wang MX. The highly efficient NDH-dependent photosystem I cyclic electron flow pathway in the marine angiosperm Zostera marina. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 144:49-62. [PMID: 32152819 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00732-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Zostera marina, a fully submerged marine angiosperm with a unique evolutionary history associated with its terrestrial origin, has distinct photochemical characteristics caused by its oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) being prone to deactivation in visible light. Based on the present phylogenetic analysis, the chloroplast NADPH dehydrogenase-like (NDH) complex was found to be completed in of Z. marina, unlike other marine plants, suggesting its crucial role. Thus, the responses of electron transport to irradiation were investigated through multiple chlorophyll fluorescence techniques and Western blot analysis. Moreover, the respective contribution of the two photosystem I cyclic electron flow (PSI-CEF) pathways to the generation of trans-thylakoid proton gradient (∆pH) was also examined using inhibitors. The contributions of the two PSI-CEF pathways to ∆pH were similar; furthermore, there was a trade-off between the two pathways under excess irradiation: the PGR5/L1-dependent PSI-CEF decreased gradually following its activation during the initial illumination, while NDH-dependent PSI-CEF was activated gradually with exposure duration. OEC inactivation was continuously under excess irradiation, which exhibits a positive linear correlation with the activation of NDH-dependent PSI-CEF. We suggest that PGR5/L1-dependent PSI-CEF was preferentially activated to handle the excess electron caused by the operation of OEC during the initial illumination. Subsequently, the increasing OEC inactivation with exposure duration resulted in a deficit of electrons. Limited electrons from PSI might preferentially synthesize NADPH, which could support the function of NDH-dependent PSI-CEF to generate ∆pH and ATP via reducing ferredoxin, thereby maintaining OEC stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tan
- Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Sheng Zhang
- Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yu Ma
- Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yu Zhong
- Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Xin Wang
- Ocean School, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Habashi R, Hacham Y, Dhakarey R, Matityahu I, Holland D, Tian L, Amir R. Elucidating the role of shikimate dehydrogenase in controlling the production of anthocyanins and hydrolysable tannins in the outer peels of pomegranate. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:476. [PMID: 31694546 PMCID: PMC6836501 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outer peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) possess two groups of polyphenols that have health beneficial properties: anthocyanins (ATs, which also affect peel color); and hydrolysable tannins (HTs). Their biosynthesis intersects at 3-dehydroshikimate (3-DHS) in the shikimate pathway by the activity of shikimate dehydrogenase (SDH), which converts 3-DHS to shikimate (providing the precursor for AT biosynthesis) or to gallic acid (the precursor for HTs biosynthesis) using NADPH or NADP+ as a cofactor. The aim of this study is to gain more knowledge about the factors that regulate the levels of HTs and ATs, and the role of SDH. RESULTS The results have shown that the levels of ATs and HTs are negatively correlated in the outer fruit peels of 33 pomegranate accessions, in the outer peels of two fruits exposed to sunlight, and in those covered by paper bags. When calli obtained from the outer fruit peel were subjected to light/dark treatment and osmotic stresses (imposed by different sucrose concentrations), it was shown that light with high sucrose promotes the synthesis of ATs, while dark at the same sucrose concentration promotes the synthesis of HTs. To verify the role of SDH, six PgSDHs (PgSDH1, PgSDH3-1,2, PgSDH3a-1,2 and PgSDH4) were identified in pomegranate. The expression of PgSDH1, which presumably contributes to shikimate biosynthesis, was relatively constant at different sucrose concentrations. However, the transcript levels of PgSDH3s and PgSDH4 increased with the accumulation of gallic acid and HTs under osmotic stress, which apparently accumulates to protect the cells from the stress. CONCLUSIONS The results strongly suggest that the biosynthesis of HTs and ATs competes for the same substrate, 3-DHS, and that SDH activity is regulated not only by the NADPH/NADP+ ratio, but also by the expression of the PgSDHs. Since the outer peel affects the customer's decision regarding fruit consumption, such knowledge could be utilized for the development of new genetic markers for breeding pomegranates having higher levels of both ATs and HTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rida Habashi
- MIGAL – Galilee Technology Center, 12100 Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Tel-Hai College, 11016 Upper Galilee, Israel
| | - Yael Hacham
- MIGAL – Galilee Technology Center, 12100 Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Tel-Hai College, 11016 Upper Galilee, Israel
| | - Rohit Dhakarey
- MIGAL – Galilee Technology Center, 12100 Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Ifat Matityahu
- MIGAL – Galilee Technology Center, 12100 Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Doron Holland
- Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, 30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California USA
| | - Rachel Amir
- MIGAL – Galilee Technology Center, 12100 Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Tel-Hai College, 11016 Upper Galilee, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zheng Z, Gao S, Wang G. High salt stress in the upper part of floating mats of Ulva prolifera, a species that causes green tides, enhances non-photochemical quenching. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2019; 55:1041-1049. [PMID: 31062364 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is a major abiotic stress factor that can induce many adverse effects on photosynthetic organisms. Plants and algae have developed several mechanisms that help them respond to adverse environments. Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) is one of these mechanisms. The thalli of algae in the intertidal zone that are attached to rocks can be subjected to salt stress for a short period of time due to the rise and fall of the tide. Ulva prolifera causes green tides and can form floating mats when green tides occur and the upper part of the thalli is subjected to high salt stress for a long period of time. In this study, we compared the Ulva prolifera photosynthetic activities and NPQ kinetics when it is subjected to different salinities over various periods of time. Thalli exposed to a salinity of 90 for 4 d showed enhanced NPQ, and photosynthetic activities decreased from 60 min after exposure up to 4 d. This indicated that the induction of NPQ in Ulva prolifera under salt stress was closely related to the stressing extent and stressing time. The enhanced NPQ in the treated samples exposed for 4 d may explain why the upper layer of the floating mats formed by Ulva prolifera thalli were able to survive in the harsh environment. Further inhibitor experiments demonstrated that the enhanced NPQ was xanthophyll cycle and transthylakoid proton gradient-dependent. However, photosystem II subunit S and light-harvesting complex stress-related protein didn't over accumulate and may not be responsible for the enhanced NPQ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Guangce Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen T, Wang W, Xu K, Xu Y, Ji D, Chen C, Xie C. K+ and Na+ transport contribute to K+/Na+ homeostasis in Pyropia haitanensis under hypersaline stress. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
20
|
He L, Huang A, Niu J, Lu X, Xie X, Wang G. Photosynthetic and metabolic analyses reveal a higher resistance to salinity in the Pyropia yezoensis (Rhodophyta) blades than in the conchocelis. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
21
|
Wang W, Xu Y, Chen T, Xing L, Xu K, Xu Y, Ji D, Chen C, Xie C. Regulatory mechanisms underlying the maintenance of homeostasis in Pyropia haitanensis under hypersaline stress conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 662:168-179. [PMID: 30690352 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Intertidal macroalgae are highly resistant to hypersaline stress conditions. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, the mechanism behind Pyropia haitanensis responses to two hypersaline stress conditions [100‰ (HSS_100) and 110‰ (HSS_110)] was investigated via analyses of physiological and transcriptomic changes. We observed that the differences between the responses of Py. haitanensis to HSS_100 and HSS_110 conditions involved the following three aspects: osmotic regulation, ionic homeostasis, and adjustment to secondary stresses. First, the water retention of Py. haitanensis was maintained through increased expansin production under HSS_100 conditions, while cell wall pectin needed to be protected from hydrolysis via the increased abundance of a pectin methylesterase inhibitor under HSS_110 conditions. Meanwhile, Py. haitanensis achieved stable and rapid osmotic adjustments because of the coordinated accumulation of inorganic ions (K+, Na+, and Cl-) and organic osmolytes (glycine betaine and trehalose) under HSS_100 conditions, but not under HSS_110 conditions. Second, Py. haitanensis maintained a higher K+/Na+ ratio under HSS_100 conditions than under HSS_110 conditions, mainly via the export of Na+ into the apoplast rather than compartmentalizing it into the vacuoles, and the enhanced uptake and retention of K+. However, K+/Na+ homeostasis was not completely disrupted during a short-term exposure to HSS_110 conditions. Finally, the Py. haitanensis antioxidant system scavenged more ROS and synthesized more heat shock proteins under HSS_100 conditions than under HSS_110 conditions, although thalli may have been able to maintain a certain redox balance during a short-term exposure to HSS_110 conditions. These differences may explain why Py. haitanensis can adapt to HSS_100 conditions rather than HSS_110 conditions, and also why the thalli exposed to HSS_110 conditions can recover after being transferred to normal seawater. Thus, the data presented herein may elucidate the mechanisms enabling Pyropia species to tolerate the sudden and periodic changes in salinity typical of intertidal systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlei Wang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - TianXiang Chen
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lei Xing
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Dehua Ji
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Changsheng Chen
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Chaotian Xie
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhao X, Zhong Y, Zhang H, Qu T, Jiang Y, Tang X, Wang Y. Cooperation Between Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Systems: An Important Factor in the Adaptation of Ulva prolifera to Abiotic Factors on the Sea Surface. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:648. [PMID: 31178877 PMCID: PMC6537605 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale green tides have occurred continuously in the Yellow Sea of China from 2007 to 2018, and the causative species of the Yellow Sea green tide (YSGT) is Ulva prolifera. The thalli form floated thallus mats, and the thalli from different layers of the thallus mat suffer significantly different environmental conditions. In the present study, the environmental conditions of the surface layer (SL), middle layer (ML), and lower layer (LL) of the thallus mat from mid-June (Stage I) to mid-July (Stage II) were simulated. Photosynthetic traits and antioxidant systems were measured. The results showed that (1) photoprotective [non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and cyclic electron transport (CEF)] and antioxidant systems both play important roles in protecting against abiotic factors in U. prolifera. (2) Cooperation between NPQ and CEF was observed in the ML group; CEF and the antioxidant system in the SL group work synergistically to protect the thalli. Furthermore, an inferred spatiotemporal attribute regarding the YSGT is presented: the significant changes in abiotic factors on the sea surface can easily affect the thalli of SL and ML from mid-June to mid-July, and those of LL can be affected in mid-July. This cooperation combined with the spatiotemporal attributes offers an explanation for the annual occurrence of the YSGT. HIGHLIGHTS -Adaptive mechanisms of Ulva prolifera against abiotic factors. -Cooperation between photosynthetic and antioxidant systems. -Spatiotemporal attributes regarding the Yellow Sea green tide are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhao
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Huanxin Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Tongfei Qu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongshun Jiang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuexi Tang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Xuexi Tang, Ying Wang,
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Xuexi Tang, Ying Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhao YJ, Cao Y, Wang J, Xiong Z. Transcriptome sequencing of Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis and comparative analysis in the Pinus phylogeny. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:725. [PMID: 30285615 PMCID: PMC6171231 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5127-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pines are widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and have a long evolutionary history. The availability of transcriptome data has facilitated comparative transcriptomics for studying the evolutionary patterns associated with the different geographical distributions of species in the Pinus phylogeny. Results The transcriptome of Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis was sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform, and a total of 68,881 unigenes were assembled by Trinity. Transcriptome sequences of another 12 conifer species were downloaded from public databases. All of the pairwise orthologues were identified by comparative transcriptome analysis in 13 conifer species, from which the rate of diversification was calculated and a phylogenetic tree inferred. All of the fast-evolving positive selection sequences were identified, and some salt-, drought-, and abscisic acid-resistance genes were discovered. Conclusions mRNA sequences of P. kesiya var. langbianensis were obtained by transcriptome sequencing, and a large number of simple sequence repeat and short nucleotide polymorphism loci were detected. These data can be used in molecular marker-assisted selected in pine breeding. Divergence times were estimated in the 13 conifer species using comparative transcriptomic analysis. A number of positive selection genes were found to be related to environmental factors. Salt- and abscisic acid-related genes exhibited different selection patterns between coastal and inland Pinus. Our findings help elucidate speciation patterns in the Pinus lineage. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5127-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,College of Big data and Intelligent Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Cao
- College of Big data and Intelligent Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Eco-development Academy, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Xiong
- College of Light industry and Food, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yu B, Niu J, Feng J, Xu M, Xie X, Gu W, Gao S, Wang G. Regulation of Ferredoxin-NADP + Oxidoreductase to Cyclic Electron Transport in High Salinity Stressed Pyropia yezoensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1092. [PMID: 30090109 PMCID: PMC6068275 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pyropia yezoensis can survive the severe water loss that occurs during low tide, making it an ideal species to investigate the acclimation mechanism of intertidal seaweed to special extreme environments. In this study, we determined the effects of high salinity on photosynthesis using increasing salinity around algal tissues. Both electron transport rates, ETR (I) and ETR (II), showed continuous decreases as the salinity increased. However, the difference between these factors remained relatively stable, similar to the control. Inhibitor experiments illustrated that there were at least three different cyclic electron transport pathways. Under conditions of severe salinity, NAD(P)H could be exploited as an endogenous electron donor to reduce the plastoquinone pool in Py. yezoensis. Based on these findings, we next examined how these different cyclic electron transport (CETs) pathways were coordinated by cloning the gene (HM370553) for ferredoxin-NADP+ oxidoreductase (FNR). A phylogenetic tree was constructed, and the evolutionary relationships among different FNRs were evaluated. The results indicated that the Py. yezoensis FNR showed a closer relationship with cyanobacterial FNR. The results of both real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting showed that the enzyme was upregulated under 90-120‰ salinity. Due to the structure-function correlations in organism, Py. yezoensis FNR was proposed to be involved in NAD(P)H-dependent Fd+ reduction under severe salinity conditions. Thus, through the connection between different donors bridged by FNR, electrons were channeled toward distinct routes according to the different metabolic demands. This was expected to make the electron transfer in the chloroplasts become more flexible and to contribute greatly to acclimation of Py. yezoensis to the extreme variable environments in the intertidal zone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfeng Niu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianhua Feng
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Meiling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiujun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenhui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Guangce Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang W, Teng F, Lin Y, Ji D, Xu Y, Chen C, Xie C. Transcriptomic study to understand thermal adaptation in a high temperature-tolerant strain of Pyropia haitanensis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195842. [PMID: 29694388 PMCID: PMC5919043 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyropia haitanensis, a high-yield commercial seaweed in China, is currently undergoing increasing levels of high-temperature stress due to gradual global warming. The mechanisms of plant responses to high temperature stress vary with not only plant type but also the degree and duration of high temperature. To understand the mechanism underlying thermal tolerance in P. haitanensis, gene expression and regulation in response to short- and long-term temperature stresses (SHS and LHS) was investigated by performing genome-wide high-throughput transcriptomic sequencing for a high temperature tolerant strain (HTT). A total of 14,164 differential expression genes were identified to be high temperature-responsive in at least one time point by high-temperature treatment, representing 41.10% of the total number of unigenes. The present data indicated a decrease in the photosynthetic and energy metabolic rates in HTT to reduce unnecessary energy consumption, which in turn facilitated in the rapid establishment of acclimatory homeostasis in its transcriptome during SHS. On the other hand, an increase in energy consumption and antioxidant substance activity was observed with LHS, which apparently facilitates in the development of resistance against severe oxidative stress. Meanwhile, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, brassinosteroids, and heat shock proteins also play a vital role in HTT. The effects of SHS and LHS on the mechanism of HTT to resist heat stress were relatively different. The findings may facilitate further studies on gene discovery and the molecular mechanisms underlying high-temperature tolerance in P. haitanensis, as well as allow improvement of breeding schemes for high temperature-tolerant macroalgae that can resist global warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlei Wang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China
| | - Yinghui Lin
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China
| | - Dehua Ji
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China
| | - Changsheng Chen
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China
| | - Chaotian Xie
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Xiamen, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|