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Iqbal H, Yaning C, Waqas M, Raza ST, Shareef M, Ahmad Z. Salinity and exogenous H 2 O 2 improve gas exchange, osmoregulation, and antioxidant metabolism in quinoa under drought stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14057. [PMID: 38148196 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Climate change-induced concurrent drought and salinity stresses significantly threaten global crop yields, yet the physio-biochemical responses to combined stress in quinoa remain elusive. This study evaluated quinoa responses under four growth conditions: well-watered, drought stress, salt stress, and drought + salt stress with (15 mM) or without (0 mM) exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) application. All examined stresses (alone or in combination) reduce quinoa growth and net photosynthesis, although salt stress was found to be less destructive than drought and combined stress. Strikingly, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), stomatal conductance (gs ), photosynthetic rate (PN ), K+ uptake, shoot height, shoot fresh, and dry weight were increased by 46.1%, 22.2%, 101.6%, 12.9%, 12.1%, 22.4%, 7.1%, 14%, and 16.4%, respectively, under combined stress compared to drought alone. In addition, exogenous H2 O2 effectively improved gaseous exchange, osmolytes' accumulation, and antioxidant activity, resulting in reduced lipid peroxidation, which eventually led to higher plant growth under all coercive conditions. The principle component analysis (PCA) indicated a strong positive correlation between antioxidant enzymes and inorganic ions, which contributed efficiently to osmotic adjustment, particularly under conditions of salinity followed by combined stress. In short, in combination, salt stress has the potential to mitigate drought-induced injuries by promoting the absorption of inorganic solutes for osmoregulation in quinoa plants. Furthermore, exogenous application of H2 O2 could be opted to enhance quinoa performance to increase its tolerance mechanism against drought and salinity, even under combined stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Chen Yaning
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Soil Science and Plants Nutrition, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Geiseneim, Germany
| | - Syed Turab Raza
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | | | - Zeeshan Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
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Effect of Salinity and Plant Growth Promoters on Secondary Metabolism and Growth of Milk Thistle Ecotypes. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12101530. [PMID: 36294965 PMCID: PMC9605483 DOI: 10.3390/life12101530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study shed light on the effect of salinity on the plant growth and secondary metabolites of medicinally important milk thistle plant ecotypes. At the same time, we also studied the effect of external supplementation with ascorbic acid, thiourea, and moringa leaf extract on improving growth-related attributes and secondary metabolites under salinity stress. Various parameters were studied related to stress alleviation. Ascorbic acid, followed by moringa leaf extract, was the most effective in improving growth under salt stress conditions. The present study demonstrated that milk thistle could withstand moderate doses of salt stress, while externally supplemented media improved all the growth parameters by increasing the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Abstract Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.)) is a wild medicinal herbal plant that is widely used in folk medicine due to its high content of secondary metabolites (SMs) and silymarin; however, the data regarding the response of milk thistle to salinity are still scarce and scanty. The present study evaluated the effect of salinity on a geographically diverse population of milk thistle and on the role of medium supplementation (MS) with ascorbic acid, thiourea, and moringa leaf extract in improving the SMs and growth-related attributes under salinity stress (SS). For germination, a 120 mM level of salinity was applied in the soil during the seedling stage. After salinity development, predetermined levels of the following compounds were used for MS: thiourea (250 µM), moringa leaf extract (3%), and ascorbic acid (500 µM). The data regarding growth attributes showed that SS impaired plant growth and development and increased SM production, including alkaloids, anthocyanin, and saponins. Moreover, ascorbic acid, followed by moringa leaf extract, was the most effective in improving growth by virtue of increased SMs, especially under salt stress conditions. The present study demonstrated that milk thistle could withstand moderate doses of SS, while MS improved all the growth parameters by increasing the accumulation of SMs.
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Synergistic Practicing of Rhizobacteria and Silicon Improve Salt Tolerance: Implications from Boosted Oxidative Metabolism, Nutrient Uptake, Growth and Grain Yield in Mung Bean. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151980. [PMID: 35956457 PMCID: PMC9370704 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and silicon (Si) are known for alleviating abiotic stresses in crop plants. In this study, Bacillus drentensis and Enterobacter cloacae strains of PGPR and foliar application of Si were tested for regulating the antioxidant metabolism and nutrient uptake on grain yield of mung bean under irrigation of saline water (3.12 and 7.81 dS m−1). Bacterial inoculation and supplemental Si (1 and 2 kg ha−1) reduced salinity-induced oxidative stress in mung bean leaves. The improved salt stress tolerance was achieved by enhancing the activities of catalase (45%), peroxidase (43%) and ascorbate peroxidase (48%), while decreasing malondialdehyde levels (57%). Enhanced nutrient uptake of magnesium 1.85 mg g−1, iron 7 mg kg−1, zinc 49.66 mg kg−1 and copper 12.92 mg kg−1 in mung bean seeds was observed with foliar application of Si and PGPR inoculation. Biomass (7.75 t ha−1), number of pods per plant (16.02) and 1000 seed weight (60.95 g) of plants treated with 2 kg Si ha−1 and B. drentensis clearly outperformed treatments with Si or PGPR alone. In conclusion, application of Si and PGPR enhances mung bean productivity under saline conditions, thereby helping exploitation of agriculture in low productive areas.
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Agirresarobe A, Miranda-Apodaca J, Odriozola I, Muñoz-Rueda A, Pérez-López U. Photosynthesis is not the unique useful trait for discriminating salt tolerance capacity between sensitive and tolerant quinoa varieties. PLANTA 2022; 256:20. [PMID: 35751708 PMCID: PMC9233658 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03928-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Growth was not strictly linked to photosynthesis performance under salinity conditions in quinoa. Other key traits, which were varieties-specific, rather than photosynthesis explained better growth performance. Phenotyping for salinity stress tolerance in quinoa is of great interest to select traits contributing to overall salinity tolerance and to understand the response mechanisms to salinity at a whole plant level. The objective of this work was to dissect the responses of specific traits and analyse relations between these traits to better understand growth response under salinity conditions in quinoa. Growth response to salinity was mostly related to differences in basal values of biomass, being reduced the most in plants with higher basal biomass. Regarding the relationship between growth and specific traits, in Puno variety, better photosynthetic performance was related to a better maintenance of growth. Nevertheless, in the rest of the varieties other traits rather than photosynthesis could better explain growth response. In this way, the development of succulence in F-16 and Collana varieties, also the osmotic adjustment but in smaller dimensions in Pasankalla, Marisma and S-15-15 helped to maintain better growth. Besides, smaller increases of Cl- could have caused a limited nitrate uptake reducing more growth in Vikinga. Ascorbate was considered a key trait as a noticeable fall of it was also related to higher reductions in growth in Titicaca. These results suggest that, due to the genetic variability of quinoa and the complexity of salinity tolerance, no unique and specific traits should be taken into consideration when using phenotyping for analysing salinity tolerance in quinoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Agirresarobe
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Apdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Jon Miranda-Apodaca
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Apdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Iñaki Odriozola
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Apdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alberto Muñoz-Rueda
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Apdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Usue Pérez-López
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Apdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
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Naheed R, Aslam H, Kanwal H, Farhat F, Abo Gamar MI, Al-Mushhin AAM, Jabborova D, Javed Ansari M, Shaheen S, Aqeel M, Noman A, Hessini K. Growth attributes, biochemical modulations, antioxidant enzymatic metabolism and yield in Brassica napus varieties for salinity tolerance. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5469-5479. [PMID: 34588857 PMCID: PMC8459110 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvement in salinity tolerance of plants is of immense significance as salt stress particularly threatens the productivity of agricultural crops. This study was designed to assess the tolerance level of six Brassica napus varieties (Super, Sandal, Faisal, CON-111, AC Excel and Punjab) under different levels of salinity (0, 50, 100, 150 & 200 mM) with three replications under CRD. Salt induced osmotic stress curtailed the plant growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments and disturbed ionic homeostasis (K+, Na+, Ca2+, Cl-) but least disturbance as compared to control was found in Super and Sandal cultivars. Punjab canola and AC Excel canola cultivars were least tolerant to salinity because these displayed greater decline in all growth and biochemical attributes. Plants subjected to NaCl induced stress exhibited considerable decline in all attributes under study with proline as exception. Antioxidants (CAT, SOD & POD) showed an obvious change in Canola plants under stress, but greatest decline was displayed at 200 mM NaCl level in all six cultivars. Over all these attributes presented a comparatively stable trend in super and sandal cultivars. This shows presence of physiological resilience and metabolic capacity in these two cultivars to tackle salinity. Similarly, all yield attributes displayed adverse behavior under 150 mM & 200 mM salinity stress. Our results demonstrated that Super and Sandal cultivars of Brassica napus exhibit good performance in salinity tolerance and can be good option for cultivation in salt affected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashda Naheed
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Aslam
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hina Kanwal
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fozia Farhat
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad I Abo Gamar
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Amina A M Al-Mushhin
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin abdul aziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dilfuza Jabborova
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Plant Experimental Biology, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent Region, Kibray 111208, Uzbekistan.,Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly), 244001, India
| | - Sehar Shaheen
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ali Noman
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kamel Hessini
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Derbali W, Manaa A, Spengler B, Goussi R, Abideen Z, Ghezellou P, Abdelly C, Forreiter C, Koyro HW. Comparative proteomic approach to study the salinity effect on the growth of two contrasting quinoa genotypes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 163:215-229. [PMID: 33862501 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of NaCl salinity (0, 100 and 300 mM) on the individual response of the quinoa varieties Kcoito (Altiplano Ecotype) and UDEC-5 (Sea-level Ecotype) with physiological and proteomic approaches. Leaf protein profile was performed using two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). UDEC-5 showed an enhanced capacity to withstand salinity stress compared to Kcoito. In response to salinity, we detected overall the following differences between both genotypes: Toxicity symptoms, plant growth performance, photosynthesis performance and intensity of ROS-defense. We found a mirroring of these differences in the proteome of each genotype. Among the 700 protein spots reproducibly detected, 24 exhibited significant abundance variations between samples. These proteins were involved in energy and carbon metabolism, photosynthesis, ROS scavenging and detoxification, stress defense and chaperone functions, enzyme activation and ATPases. A specific set of proteins predominantly involved in photosynthesis and ROS scavenging showed significantly higher abundance under high salinity (300 mM NaCl). The adjustment was accompanied by a stimulation of various metabolic pathways to balance the supplementary demand for energy or intermediates. However, the more salt-resistant genotype UDEC-5 presented a beneficial and significantly higher expression of nearly all stress-related altered enzymes than Kcoito.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Derbali
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif, 2050, Tunisia; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092. Tunisia; Institute for Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Arafet Manaa
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif, 2050, Tunisia.
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rahma Goussi
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif, 2050, Tunisia; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092. Tunisia
| | - Zainul Abideen
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif, 2050, Tunisia
| | - Christoph Forreiter
- Institut für Biologie, University of Siegen, Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Fakultät, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany
| | - Hans-Werner Koyro
- Institute for Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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Waqas M, Yaning C, Iqbal H, Shareef M, Rehman HU, Bilal HM. Synergistic consequences of salinity and potassium deficiency in quinoa: Linking with stomatal patterning, ionic relations and oxidative metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 159:17-27. [PMID: 33310530 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quinoa emerged as an ideal food security crop due to its exceptional nutritive profile and stress enduring potential and also deemed as model plant to study the salt-tolerance mechanisms. However to fill the research gaps of this imperative crop, the present work aimed to study the effect of potassium (K) deficiency either separately or in combination with salinity. First, we investigated the stomatal and physiological based variations in quinoa growth under salinity and K, then series of analytical tools were used with model approach to interpret the stomatal aperture (SA) and photosynthesis (Pn) changes. Results revealed that quinoa efficiently deployed antioxidants to scavenge the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), had high uptake and retention of K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ with Cl⁻ as charge balancing ion, increased stomata density (SD) and declined the SA to maintain the Pn which resulted the improved growth under salinity. Whereas, K-deficiency caused the stunted growth more severally under salinity due to disruption in ionic homeostasis, excessive ROS production elicited the oxidative damages, SD and SA reduced and ultimately declined in Pn. Our best fitted regression model explored that dependent variables like Pn and SA changed according to theirs signified explanatory variables with quantification per unit based as stomatal conductance (Gs, 51), SD (0.05), ROS (-0.79) and K+ (0.08), Cl⁻ (0.34) and Na+ (- 0.52) respectively. Overall, moderate salinity promoted the quinoa growth, while K-deficiency particularly with salinity reduced the quinoa performance by affecting stomatal and non-stomatal factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waqas
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China; Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Chen Yaning
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.
| | - Hassan Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China; Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Shareef
- Cele National Station for Desert and Grassland Observation and Research, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China; Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Botany, Hameeda Rasheed Institute of Science and Technology, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hafeez Ur Rehman
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan; PARC-Arid Zone Research Institute, Umerkot, Sindh, Pakistan
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Wu ZQ, Li K, Ma JK, Huang Q, Tian X, Li ZJ. Antioxidant activity of organic sulfides from fresh Allium macrostemon Bunge and their protective effects against oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13447. [PMID: 32910481 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long-stamen chive (Allium macrostemon Bunge; AMB), which is prevalent in the Wuling Mountain area of China, is a characteristic food of the nation. In the study, we evaluated the as-yet-unknown nutritional value and antioxidant activity of fresh AMB. The free amino acid content, volatile components, and free radical-scavenging capacity of isolated organic sulfides were analyzed to evaluate the qualitative and physiological properties of fresh AMB. The plant was found to be rich in free essential amino acids and contain multiple flavor-imparting amino acids. The organic sulfides showed an apparent free radical-scavenging activity in vitro. Furthermore, these sulfides alleviated oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Notably, the organic sulfides isolated from AMB enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase; improved motility; and extended the lifespan in oxidative stress-affected nematodes. In conclusion, our study indicates that AMB is a nutritious vegetable with potential to be developed as a functional food. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Long-stamen chive is a wild edible vegetable belonging to the genus Allium (A. macrostemon Bunge; AMB). However, its quality and physiological properties have not been comprehensively investigated. Herein, we analyzed the free amino acid content, composition of volatile compounds, and potential antioxidative properties of AMB. Our results indicated that AMB is rich in essential amino acids, making it a highly nutritious food. Further analysis indicated that AMB contains a high proportion of organic sulfides, which have been previously been shown to have antioxidative properties. Together, our findings indicate that AMB contains important bioactive components and can be developed as a functional food or health supplement. Furthermore, our findings will enhance public awareness regarding this wild resource and provide new directions for the research and development of natural products derived from it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Qin Wu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China.,National Engineering Center of Plant Functional Components Utilization, Changsha, PR China
| | - Ke Li
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China.,National Engineering Center of Plant Functional Components Utilization, Changsha, PR China
| | - Jin-Kui Ma
- School of Food & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, PR China
| | - Qing Huang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China.,National Engineering Center of Plant Functional Components Utilization, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xing Tian
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China.,National Engineering Center of Plant Functional Components Utilization, Changsha, PR China.,College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, PR China
| | - Zong-Jun Li
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, PR China.,National Engineering Center of Plant Functional Components Utilization, Changsha, PR China
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Jiang X, Wang Y, Xie H, Li R, Wei J, Liu Y. Environmental behavior of paclobutrazol in soil and its toxicity on potato and taro plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:27385-27395. [PMID: 31325091 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The environmental behavior of paclobutrazol in soil and its toxicity were studied by field investigation and an outdoor pot experiment, and the residue of paclobutrazol was detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Field investigation has found that the residual paclobutrazol in the former succession crop could severely inhibit the growth of succeeding crops of potato; with migration and transformation of residual paclobutrazol in the soil, the stems of potato were thickened with residual amount of 1.23 mg kg-1, the growth was slow, and the height of potato in soil with residual amount of 1.34 mg kg-1 and the control was significantly different. The degradation dynamics of paclobutrazol fits with the first-order degradation kinetics, although T1/2 of paclobutrazol of the taro planting soil was 30.14-46.21 days and the residual paclobutrazol remained detectable even on day 120 after application. Taro leaves were sensitive to the stress of paclobutrazol pollution; the taro leaf thickness increased, the leaf area decreased, the chlorophyll content per area unit of taro leaf showed an obvious increased trend, and SOD and CAT activities and MDA and proline content increased significantly. Paclobutrazol promoted the tillering of taro, and the taro seedlings were dwarfed by 58.01, 63.27, and 75.88% at different concentrations. It indicated that taro had strong stress response ability under paclobutrazol pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulan Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Hui Xie
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Ruiqi Li
- Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jinling Wei
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
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