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Luh D, Heiles S, Roderfeld M, Grevelding CG, Roeb E, Spengler B. Hepatic Topology of Glycosphingolipids in Schistosoma mansoni-Infected Hamsters. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6311-6320. [PMID: 38594017 PMCID: PMC11044111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by worm parasites of the genus Schistosoma. Upon infection, parasite eggs can lodge inside of host organs like the liver. This leads to granuloma formation, which is the main cause of the pathology of schistosomiasis. To better understand the different levels of host-pathogen interaction and pathology, our study focused on the characterization of glycosphingolipids (GSLs). For this purpose, GSLs in livers of infected and noninfected hamsters were studied by combining high-spatial-resolution atmospheric-pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AP-SMALDI MSI) with nanoscale hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nano-HILIC MS/MS). Nano-HILIC MS/MS revealed 60 GSL species with a distinct saccharide and ceramide composition. AP-SMALDI MSI measurements were conducted in positive- and negative-ion mode for the visualization of neutral and acidic GSLs. Based on nano-HILIC MS/MS results, we discovered no downregulated but 50 significantly upregulated GSLs in liver samples of infected hamsters. AP-SMALDI MSI showed that 44 of these GSL species were associated with the granulomas in the liver tissue. Our findings suggest an important role of GSLs during granuloma formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Luh
- Institute
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus
Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Heiles
- Institute
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus
Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut
für Analytische Wissenschaften—ISAS—e.V., 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Lipidomics,
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Roderfeld
- Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Elke Roeb
- Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus
Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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2
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Ghezellou P, von Bülow V, Luh D, Badin E, Albuquerque W, Roderfeld M, Roeb E, Grevelding CG, Spengler B. Schistosoma mansoni infection induces hepatic metallothionein and S100 protein expression alongside metabolic dysfunction in hamsters. PNAS Nexus 2024; 3:pgae104. [PMID: 38562583 PMCID: PMC10983833 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis, a widespread neglected tropical disease, presents a complex and multifaceted clinical-pathological profile. Using hamsters as final hosts, we dissected molecular events following Schistosoma mansoni infection in the liver-the organ most severely affected in schistosomiasis patients. Employing tandem mass tag-based proteomics, we studied alterations in the liver proteins in response to various infection modes and genders. We examined livers from female and male hamsters that were: noninfected (control), infected with either unisexual S. mansoni cercariae (single-sex) or both sexes (bisex). The infection induced up-regulation of proteins associated with immune response, cytoskeletal reorganization, and apoptotic signaling. Notably, S. mansoni egg deposition led to the down-regulation of liver factors linked to energy supply and metabolic processes. Gender-specific responses were observed, with male hamsters showing higher susceptibility, supported by more differentially expressed proteins than found in females. Of note, metallothionein-2 and S100a6 proteins exhibited substantial up-regulation in livers of both genders, suggesting their pivotal roles in the liver's injury response. Immunohistochemistry and real-time-qPCR confirmed strong up-regulation of metallothionein-2 expression in the cytoplasm and nucleus upon the infection. Similar findings were seen for S100a6, which localized around granulomas and portal tracts. We also observed perturbations in metabolic pathways, including down-regulation of enzymes involved in xenobiotic biotransformation, cellular energy metabolism, and lipid modulation. Furthermore, lipidomic analyses through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging identified extensive alterations, notably in cardiolipin and triacylglycerols, suggesting specific roles of lipids during pathogenesis. These findings provide unprecedented insights into the hepatic response to S. mansoni infection, shedding light on the complexity of liver pathology in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Verena von Bülow
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - David Luh
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Elisa Badin
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Wendell Albuquerque
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Martin Roderfeld
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Elke Roeb
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Christoph G Grevelding
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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3
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Seidel L, Albuquerque W, Happel K, Ghezellou P, Gand M, Spengler B, Zorn H, Will F, Schweiggert R. Composition, ζ Potential, and Molar Mass Distribution of 20 Must and Wine Colloids from Five Different Cultivars Obtained during Four Consecutive Vintages. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:1938-1948. [PMID: 36977334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c09048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Colloids are responsible for undesirable haze formation in wine. Here, we characterized 20 colloid batches after isolation by ultrafiltration of musts and wines from five cultivars obtained from four consecutive vintages. Polysaccharide and protein concentrations of the colloids ranged from 0.10 to 0.65 and 0.03 to 0.40 mg/L, respectively. Protein profiling in must and wine colloids by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) and liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HR-MS/MS) analyses indicated a lower number of proteins in wine than in must colloids. Molar mass distribution analyses revealed all colloids to consist of two carbohydrate- (424-33,390 and 48-462 kg/mol) and one protein-rich (14-121 kg/mol) fractions. The observed barely negative ζ potentials (-3.1 to -1.1 mV) in unstable wines unraveled that colloid instability might be partly related to their poor electrostatic repulsion in the wine matrix. ζ potentials of the colloids from pH 1 to 10 are also presented. Our data support future developments to eliminate haze-forming colloids from wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Seidel
- Department of Beverage Research, Chair of Analysis and Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, D-65366 Geisenheim, Germany
| | - W Albuquerque
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - K Happel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - P Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - M Gand
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - B Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - H Zorn
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - F Will
- Department of Beverage Research, Chair of Analysis and Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, D-65366 Geisenheim, Germany
| | - R Schweiggert
- Department of Beverage Research, Chair of Analysis and Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, D-65366 Geisenheim, Germany
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4
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Galli M, Jacob S, Zheng Y, Ghezellou P, Gand M, Albuquerque W, Imani J, Allasia V, Coustau C, Spengler B, Keller H, Thines E, Kogel KH. MIF-like domain containing protein orchestrates cellular differentiation and virulence in the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. iScience 2023; 26:107565. [PMID: 37664630 PMCID: PMC10474474 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic protein with chemotactic, pro-inflammatory, and growth-promoting activities first discovered in mammals. In parasites, MIF homologs are involved in immune evasion and pathogenesis. Here, we present the first comprehensive analysis of an MIF protein from the devastating plant pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae (Mo). The fungal genome encodes a single MIF protein (MoMIF1) that, unlike the human homolog, harbors multiple low-complexity regions (LCRs) and is unique to Ascomycota. Following infection, MoMIF1 is expressed in the biotrophic phase of the fungus, and is strongly down-regulated during subsequent necrotrophic growth in leaves and roots. We show that MoMIF1 is secreted during plant infection, affects the production of the mycotoxin tenuazonic acid and inhibits plant cell death. Our results suggest that MoMIF1 is a novel key regulator of fungal virulence that maintains the balance between biotrophy and necrotrophy during the different phases of fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Galli
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jacob
- Institute of Biotechnology and Drug Research GmbH, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 17, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ying Zheng
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Martin Gand
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wendell Albuquerque
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jafargholi Imani
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Valérie Allasia
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR1355-7254, ISA, 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Christine Coustau
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR1355-7254, ISA, 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Harald Keller
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR1355-7254, ISA, 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Eckhard Thines
- Institute of Biotechnology and Drug Research GmbH, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 17, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Microbiology and Biotechnology at the Institute of Molecular Physiology, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 17, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Kogel
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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5
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Müller MA, Zweig N, Spengler B, Weinert M, Heiles S. Lipid Signatures and Inter-Cellular Heterogeneity of Naı̈ve and Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Human Microglia-like Cells. Anal Chem 2023; 95:11672-11679. [PMID: 37506282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are non-neuronal cells, which reside in the central nervous system and are known to play an important role in health and disease. We investigated the lipidomic phenotypes of human naı̈ve and stimulated microglia-like cells by atmospheric-pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AP-SMALDI MSI). With lateral resolutions between 5 and 1.5 μm pixel size, we were able to chart lipid compositions of individual cells, enabling differentiation of cell lines and stimulation conditions. This allowed us to reveal local lipid heterogeneities in naı̈ve and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cells. We were able to identify individual cells with elevated triglyceride (TG) levels and could show that the number of these TG-enriched cells increased with LPS stimulation as a hallmark for a proinflammatory phenotype. Additionally, the observed local abundance alterations of specific phosphatidylinositols (PIs) indicate a cell specific regulation of the PI metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max A Müller
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Norman Zweig
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Maria Weinert
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, W12 0NN London, U.K
| | - Sven Heiles
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften─ISAS─e.V., 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
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6
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Anschütz NH, Gerbig S, Ghezellou P, Silva LMR, Vélez JD, Hermosilla CR, Taubert A, Spengler B. Mass Spectrometry Imaging of In Vitro Cryptosporidium parvum-Infected Cells and Host Tissue. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1200. [PMID: 37627264 PMCID: PMC10452350 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic-relevant parasite belonging to the phylum Alveolata (subphylum Apicomplexa). One of the most zoonotic-relevant etiologies of cryptosporidiosis is the species C. parvum, infecting humans, cattle and wildlife. C. parvum-infected intestinal mucosa as well as host cells infected in vitro have not yet been the subject of extensive biochemical investigation. Efficient treatment options or vaccines against cryptosporidiosis are currently not available. Human cryptosporidiosis is currently known as a neglected poverty-related disease (PRD), being potentially fatal in young children or immunocompromised patients. In this study, we used a combination of atmospheric pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (AP-SMALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) to determine and locate molecular biomarkers in in vitro C. parvum-infected host cells as well as parasitized neonatal calf intestines. Sections of C. parvum-infected and non-infected host cell pellets and infected intestines were examined to determine potential biomarkers. Human ileocecal adenocarcinoma cells (HCT-8) were used as a suitable in vitro host cell system. More than a thousand different molecular signals were found in both positive- and negative-ion mode, which were significantly increased in C. parvum-infected material. A database search in combination with HPLC-MS/MS experiments was employed for the structural verification of markers. Our results demonstrate some overlap between the identified markers and data obtained from earlier studies on other apicomplexan parasites. Statistically relevant biomarkers were imaged in cell layers of C. parvum-infected and non-infected host cells with 5 µm pixel size and in bovine intestinal tissue with 10 µm pixel size. This allowed us to substantiate their relevance once again. Taken together, the present approach delivers novel metabolic insights on neglected cryptosporidiosis affecting mainly children in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils H. Anschütz
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.H.A.); (S.G.); (P.G.)
| | - Stefanie Gerbig
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.H.A.); (S.G.); (P.G.)
| | - Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.H.A.); (S.G.); (P.G.)
| | - Liliana M. R. Silva
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (L.M.R.S.); (J.D.V.); (C.R.H.); (A.T.)
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Juan Diego Vélez
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (L.M.R.S.); (J.D.V.); (C.R.H.); (A.T.)
| | - Carlos R. Hermosilla
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (L.M.R.S.); (J.D.V.); (C.R.H.); (A.T.)
| | - Anja Taubert
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (L.M.R.S.); (J.D.V.); (C.R.H.); (A.T.)
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.H.A.); (S.G.); (P.G.)
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Kanter JP, Honold PJ, Luh D, Heiles S, Spengler B, Fraatz MA, Zorn H, Hammer AK. Biocatalytic Production of Odor-Active Fatty Aldehydes from Fungal Lipids. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:8112-8120. [PMID: 37196237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Odor-active fatty aldehydes are important compounds for the flavor and fragrance industry. By a coupled enzymatic reaction using an α-dioxygenase (α-DOX) and an aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH), scarcely available aldehydes from the biotransformation of margaroleic acid [17:1(9Z)] were characterized and have shown highly interesting odor profiles, including citrus-like, soapy, herbaceous, and savory notes. In particular, (Z)-8-hexadecenal and (Z)-7-pentadecenal exhibited notable meaty odor characteristics. Submerged cultivation of Mortierella hyalina revealed the accumulation of the above-mentioned, naturally uncommon fatty acid 17:1(9Z). Its production was significantly increased by the modulation of culture conditions, whereas the highest accumulation was observed after 4 days at 24 °C and l-isoleucine supplementation. The lipase-, α-DOX-, and FALDH-mediated biotransformation of M. hyalina lipid extract resulted in a complex aldehyde mixture with a high aldehyde yield of ∼50%. The odor qualities of the formed aldehydes were assessed by means of gas chromatography-olfactometry, and several of the obtained fatty aldehydes have been sensorially described for the first time. To assess the aldehyde mixture's potential as a flavor ingredient, a sensory evaluation was conducted. The obtained product exhibited intense citrus-like, green, and soapy odor impressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Kanter
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Philipp Jakob Honold
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - David Luh
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Heiles
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften─ISAS─e.V., Otto-Hahn-Straße 6b, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Lipidomics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Marco Alexander Fraatz
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Holger Zorn
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Branch of Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Klaus Hammer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Branch of Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Albuquerque W, Ghezellou P, Seidel L, Burkert J, Will F, Schweiggert R, Spengler B, Zorn H, Gand M. Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomic Profiling of a Silvaner White Wine. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040650. [PMID: 37189397 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The comprehensive identification of the proteome content from a white wine (cv. Silvaner) is described here for the first time. The wine protein composition isolated from a representative wine sample (250 L) was identified via mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics following in-solution and in-gel digestion methods after being submitted to size exclusion chromatographic (SEC) fractionation to gain a comprehensive insight into proteins that survive the vinification processes. In total, we identified 154 characterized (with described functional information) or so far uncharacterized proteins, mainly from Vitis vinifera L. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. With the complementarity of the two-step purification, the digestion techniques and the high-resolution (HR)-MS analyses provided a high-score identification of proteins from low to high abundance. These proteins can be valuable for future authentication of wines by tracing proteins derived from a specific cultivar or winemaking process. The proteomics approach presented herein may also be generally helpful to understand which proteins are important for the organoleptic properties and stability of wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendell Albuquerque
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Leif Seidel
- Department of Beverage Research, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Burkert
- Institute for Viticulture and Oenology, Bavarian State Institute for Viticulture and Horticulture (LWG), An der Steige 15, 97209 Veitshöchheim, Germany
| | - Frank Will
- Department of Beverage Research, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Ralf Schweiggert
- Department of Beverage Research, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Holger Zorn
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Martin Gand
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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9
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Dreisbach D, Bhandari DR, Betz A, Tenbusch L, Vilcinskas A, Spengler B, Petschenka G. Spatial metabolomics reveal divergent cardenolide processing in the monarch (Danaus plexippus) and the common crow butterfly (Euploea core). Mol Ecol Resour 2023. [PMID: 36941779 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Although being famous for sequestering milkweed cardenolides, the mechanism of sequestration and where cardenolides are localized in caterpillars of the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus, Lepidoptera: Danaini) is still unknown. While monarchs tolerate cardenolides by a resistant Na+ /K+ -ATPase, it is unclear how closely related species such as the non-sequestering common crow butterfly (Euploea core, Lepidoptera: Danaini) cope with these toxins. Using novel atmospheric-pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser/desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging, we compared the distribution of cardenolides in caterpillars of D. plexippus and E. core. Specifically, we tested at which physiological scale quantitative differences between both species are mediated and how cardenolides distribute across body tissues. Whereas D. plexippus sequestered most cardenolides from milkweed (Asclepias curassavica), no cardenolides were found in the tissues of E. core. Remarkably, quantitative differences already manifest in the gut lumen: while monarchs retain and accumulate cardenolides above plant concentrations, the toxins are degraded in the gut lumen of crows. We visualized cardenolide transport over the monarch midgut epithelium and identified integument cells as the final site of storage where defenses might be perceived by predators. Our study provides molecular insight into cardenolide sequestration and highlights the great potential of mass spectrometry imaging for understanding the kinetics of multiple compounds including endogenous metabolites, plant toxins, or insecticides in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenic Dreisbach
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Dhaka R Bhandari
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Anja Betz
- Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, Otto-Sander-Straße 5, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Linda Tenbusch
- Institute of Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Institute of Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch for Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Georg Petschenka
- Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, Otto-Sander-Straße 5, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
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10
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Jestrzemski D, Athanasiadou M, Scoutellas V, Ghezellou P, Spengler B, Gessler F, Kuch U. Hospital admissions due to snake envenomation in the Republic of Cyprus: a 7-year retrospective review. J Occup Med Toxicol 2022; 17:25. [PMID: 36544155 PMCID: PMC9768951 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-022-00363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Snake envenomation is a major neglected tropical disease, lacking data in many countries including Cyprus, a Mediterranean island inhabited by the medically important blunt-nosed viper (Macrovipera lebetina). Reviewing the 2013-2019 period, we present first-time epidemiological snakebite data in the Republic of Cyprus. METHODS We obtained data on snake envenomation-related hospital admissions from the Ministry of Health, and population and rainfall data from the Statistical Service of Cyprus and Department of Meteorology websites. Human-viper conflict information was acquired from interviews with 12 representatives of Cypriot institutions. RESULTS Between 2013 and 2019, 288 snake envenomation cases were admitted to public hospitals, averaging 41 people annually. The minimum was 29 cases (2017) and the maximum was 58 (2015). Snake envenomation incidence increased from 4.55 per 100,000 population (2013) to 6.84 (2015), but remained low since 2017 (3.49 in 2019). Between 2000 and 2018, the deaths of one man (73 years), and indirectly, one woman (77 years), were related to snake envenomation. While 266 cases (92%) happened between April and October (the blunt-nosed viper activity period), most envenomations occurred in September (cumulative for 2013-2019), with 88 cases (31%). Snakebite incidence peaked in the 60-69 years age group (9.19 per 100,000 population), and was higher in males (6.85) than in females (2.82). Of all admitted patients, 242 (84%) were discharged within 4 days. Mean hospital stay duration was 2.65 days, with one case of 13 days. Most patients were admitted to the general hospitals in Paphos (51%), Limassol (30%) and Nicosia (11%), which provide secondary healthcare, with the last one providing tertiary healthcare. CONCLUSIONS Snakebite-related deaths are very rare in the Republic of Cyprus. Most envenomation cases happened in late summer (September). Short hospital stays indicate mostly non-severe clinical courses. The hospital admission data suggest that snake envenomation risk is highest in Paphos district. The statistical data hint at males and middle- to older-aged people being at highest risk, whereas from our interview data we assume that outdoor workers are at higher risk than other occupational groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jestrzemski
- grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, Department of Forest Zoology and Forest Conservation, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany ,grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maria Athanasiadou
- grid.426504.1Health Monitoring Unit, Ministry of Health, Nicosia, Republic of Cyprus
| | - Vasos Scoutellas
- grid.426504.1Health Monitoring Unit, Ministry of Health, Nicosia, Republic of Cyprus
| | - Parviz Ghezellou
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Frank Gessler
- miprolab Mikrobiologische Diagnostik GmbH, Göttingen, Germany ,grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210Institut für angewandte Biotechnologie der Tropen e.V., University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kuch
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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11
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Schneemann J, Schäfer KC, Spengler B, Heiles S. IR-MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging with Plasma Post-Ionization of Nonpolar Metabolites. Anal Chem 2022; 94:16086-16094. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Schneemann
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Heiles
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Otto-Hahn-Straße 6b, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Lipidomics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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12
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Dreisbach D, Heiles S, Bhandari DR, Petschenka G, Spengler B. Molecular Networking and On-Tissue Chemical Derivatization for Enhanced Identification and Visualization of Steroid Glycosides by MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2022; 94:15971-15979. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Domenic Dreisbach
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Heiles
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Analytical Sciences, ISAS−e.V., Otto-Hahn-Straße 6b, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Lipidomics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Dhaka R. Bhandari
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Georg Petschenka
- Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, Otto-Sander-Straße 5, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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13
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von Bülow V, Gindner S, Baier A, Hehr L, Buss N, Russ L, Wrobel S, Wirth V, Tabatabai K, Quack T, Haeberlein S, Kadesch P, Gerbig S, Wiedemann KR, Spengler B, Mehl A, Morlock G, Schramm G, Pons-Kühnemann J, Falcone FH, Wilson RA, Bankov K, Wild P, Grevelding CG, Roeb E, Roderfeld M. Metabolic reprogramming of hepatocytes by Schistosoma mansoni eggs. JHEP Rep 2022; 5:100625. [PMID: 36590323 PMCID: PMC9800334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infection which affects more than 200 million people globally. Schistosome eggs, but not the adult worms, are mainly responsible for schistosomiasis-specific morbidity in the liver. It is unclear if S. mansoni eggs consume host metabolites, and how this compromises the host parenchyma. Methods Metabolic reprogramming was analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry, metabolite quantification, confocal laser scanning microscopy, live cell imaging, quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, assessment of DNA damage, and immunohistology in hamster models and functional experiments in human cell lines. Major results were validated in human biopsies. Results The infection with S. mansoni provokes hepatic exhaustion of neutral lipids and glycogen. Furthermore, the distribution of distinct lipid species and the regulation of rate-limiting metabolic enzymes is disrupted in the liver of S. mansoni infected animals. Notably, eggs mobilize, incorporate, and store host lipids, while the associated metabolic reprogramming causes oxidative stress-induced DNA damage in hepatocytes. Administration of reactive oxygen species scavengers ameliorates these deleterious effects. Conclusions Our findings indicate that S. mansoni eggs completely reprogram lipid and carbohydrate metabolism via soluble factors, which results in oxidative stress-induced cell damage in the host parenchyma. Impact and implications The authors demonstrate that soluble egg products of the parasite S. mansoni induce hepatocellular reprogramming, causing metabolic exhaustion and a strong redox imbalance. Notably, eggs mobilize, incorporate, and store host lipids, while the metabolic reprogramming causes oxidative stress-induced DNA damage in hepatocytes, independent of the host's immune response. S. mansoni eggs take advantage of the host environment through metabolic reprogramming of hepatocytes and enterocytes. By inducing DNA damage, this neglected tropical disease might promote hepatocellular damage and thus influence international health efforts.
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Key Words
- DMPE, dimethyl-phosphatidylethanolamine
- DNA damage
- GS, glycogen synthase
- GSH, reduced L-glutathione
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- Lipid
- MALDI-MSI, matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- OA, oleic acid
- Oxidative stress
- PAS, periodic acid-Schiff
- PC, phosphatidylcholine
- PDH, pyruvate dehydrogenase
- PE, phosphatidylethanolamine
- PLIN2, perilipin 2
- Parasite
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- S. japonicum, Schistosoma japonicum
- S. mansoni, Schistosoma mansoni
- SEA, soluble egg antigens
- Schistosomiasis
- TG, triglyceride
- bs, bisex
- flOA, fluorescently labelled OA
- hRF, retention factor ∗ 100
- ms, monosex
- ni, non-infected
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena von Bülow
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstr. 33, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sarah Gindner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstr. 33, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Anne Baier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstr. 33, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Laura Hehr
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstr. 33, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Nicola Buss
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstr. 33, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Lena Russ
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstr. 33, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sarah Wrobel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstr. 33, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Victoria Wirth
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstr. 33, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kuscha Tabatabai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstr. 33, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Quack
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University, Schubertstr. 81, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Simone Haeberlein
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University, Schubertstr. 81, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Patrik Kadesch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gerbig
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Katja R. Wiedemann
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Annabel Mehl
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Food Science Department, and Interdisciplinary Research Center (iFZ), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Gertrud Morlock
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Food Science Department, and Interdisciplinary Research Center (iFZ), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schramm
- Experimental Pneumology, Priority Research Area Asthma & Allergy, Research Center Borstel, Parkallee 1-40, 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Jörn Pons-Kühnemann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Justus Liebig University, Rudolf-Buchheim-Str. 6. 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Franco H. Falcone
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University, Schubertstr. 81, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - R. Alan Wilson
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Katrin Bankov
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peter Wild
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christoph G. Grevelding
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University, Schubertstr. 81, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Elke Roeb
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstr. 33, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Martin Roderfeld
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstr. 33, 35392 Giessen, Germany,Corresponding author. Address: Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Gaffkystr. 11, 35392 Giessen, Germany. Tel.: +49 641 99 42527, fax: +49 641 99 42333.
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14
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Barth C, Hinz KP, Spengler B. Particle characterization and quantification of organic and inorganic compounds from Chinese and Iranian aerosol filter samples using scanning laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:7223-7241. [PMID: 36048190 PMCID: PMC9482912 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04275-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Besides their influence on climate and cloud formation, many organic and inorganic substances in aerosol particles pose a risk to human health. Namely, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and heavy metals are suspected to be carcinogenic or acutely toxic. The detection and quantification of such compounds is difficult if only small amounts of particulate matter (PM) are available. In addition, filter samples are often complex and time-consuming to prepare for chromatographic measurements and elemental analysis. Here, we present a method based on high-resolution atmospheric pressure laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AP-LDI-MSI) and statistical analysis which allows the analysis and characterization of very small sample quantities (< 30 µg) without any sample preparation. The power and simplicity of the method is demonstrated by two filter samples from heavily polluted mega cities. The samples were collected in Tehran (Iran) and Hangzhou (China) in February 2018. In the course of the measurement, more than 3200 sum formulae were assigned, which allowed a statistical evaluation of colocalized substances within the particles on the filter samples. This resulted in a classification of the different particle types on the filters. Finally, both megacities could be distinguished based on characteristic compounds. In the samples from Tehran, the number of sulphur-containing organic compounds was up to 6 times as high as the samples from Hangzhou, possibly due to the increasing efforts of the Chinese government to reduce sulphur emissions in recent years. Additionally, quantification of 13 PAH species was carried out via standard addition. Especially, the samples from Tehran showed elevated concentrations of PAHs, which in the case of higher-molecular-weight species (> m/z 228) were mostly more than twice as high as in Hangzhou. Both cities showed high levels of heavy metals and potentially harmful organic compounds, although their share of total particulate matter was significantly higher in the samples from Tehran. The pre-treatment of the samples was reduced to a minimum with this method, and only small amounts of particles were required to obtain a comprehensive picture for a specific filter sample. The described method provides faster and better control of air pollution in heavily polluted megacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christof Barth
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Hessen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Hinz
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Hessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Hessen, Germany.
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15
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Kanter JP, Honold PJ, Lüke D, Heiles S, Spengler B, Fraatz MA, Harms C, Ley JP, Zorn H, Hammer AK. An enzymatic tandem reaction to produce odor-active fatty aldehydes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:6095-6107. [PMID: 36040487 PMCID: PMC9468042 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Aldehydes represent a versatile and favored class of flavoring substances. A biocatalytic access to odor-active aldehydes was developed by conversion of fatty acids with two enzymes of the α-dioxygenase pathway. The recombinant enzymes α-dioxygenase (α-DOX) originating from Crocosphaera subtropica and fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH) from Vibrio harveyi were heterologously expressed in E. coli, purified, and applied in a coupled (tandem) repetitive reaction. The concept was optimized in terms of number of reaction cycles and production yields. Up to five cycles and aldehyde yields of up to 26% were achieved. Afterward, the approach was applied to sea buckthorn pulp oil as raw material for the enzyme catalyzed production of flavoring/fragrance ingredients based on complex aldehyde mixtures. The most abundant fatty acids in sea buckthorn pulp oil, namely palmitic, palmitoleic, oleic, and linoleic acid, were used as substrates for further biotransformation experiments. Various aldehydes were identified, semi-quantified, and sensorially characterized by means of headspace–solid phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry–olfactometry (HS–SPME–GC–MS–O). Structural validation of unsaturated aldehydes in terms of double-bond positions was performed by multidimensional high-resolution mass spectrometry experiments of their Paternò–Büchi (PB) photoproducts. Retention indices and odor impressions of inter alia (Z,Z)-5,8-tetradecadienal (Z,Z)-6,9-pentadecadienal, (Z)-8-pentadecenal, (Z)-4-tridecenal, (Z)-6-pentadecenal, and (Z)-8-heptadecenal were determined for the first time. Key points • Coupled reaction of Csα-DOX and VhFALDH yields chain-shortened fatty aldehydes. • Odors of several Z-unsaturated fatty aldehydes are described for the first time. • Potential for industrial production of aldehyde-based odorants from natural sources. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-022-12134-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Kanter
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Philipp Jakob Honold
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - David Lüke
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Heiles
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marco Alexander Fraatz
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35394, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christoph Harms
- Symrise AG, Muehlenfeldstrasse 1, 37603, Holzminden, Germany
| | - Jakob Peter Ley
- Symrise AG, Muehlenfeldstrasse 1, 37603, Holzminden, Germany
| | - Holger Zorn
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35394, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Klaus Hammer
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany. .,Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35394, Giessen, Germany.
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16
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Ghezellou P, Jakob K, Atashi J, Ghassempour A, Spengler B. Mass-Spectrometry-Based Lipidome and Proteome Profiling of Hottentotta saulcyi (Scorpiones: Buthidae) Venom. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14060370. [PMID: 35737031 PMCID: PMC9228814 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14060370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Scorpion venom is a complex secretory mixture of components with potential biological and physiological properties that attracted many researchers due to promising applications from clinical and pharmacological perspectives. In this study, we investigated the venom of the Iranian scorpion Hottentotta saulcyi (Simon, 1880) by applying mass-spectrometry-based proteomic and lipidomic approaches to assess the diversity of components present in the venom. The data revealed that the venom’s proteome composition is largely dominated by Na+- and K+-channel-impairing toxic peptides, following the enzymatic and non-enzymatic protein families, e.g., angiotensin-converting enzyme, serine protease, metalloprotease, hyaluronidase, carboxypeptidase, and cysteine-rich secretory peptide. Furthermore, lipids comprise ~1.2% of the dry weight of the crude venom. Phospholipids, ether-phospholipids, oxidized-phospholipids, triacylglycerol, cardiolipins, very-long-chain sphingomyelins, and ceramides were the most intensely detected lipid species in the scorpion venom, may acting either independently or synergistically during the envenomation alongside proteins and peptides. The results provide detailed information on the chemical makeup of the venom, helping to improve our understanding of biological molecules present in it, leading to a better insight of the medical significance of the venom, and improving the medical care of patients suffering from scorpion accidents in the relevant regions such as Iran, Iraq, Turkey, and Afghanistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
- Correspondence: (P.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Kevin Jakob
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Javad Atashi
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran; (J.A.); (A.G.)
| | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran; (J.A.); (A.G.)
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
- Correspondence: (P.G.); (B.S.)
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17
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Capolupo L, Khven I, Lederer AR, Mazzeo L, Glousker G, Ho S, Russo F, Montoya JP, Bhandari DR, Bowman AP, Ellis SR, Guiet R, Burri O, Detzner J, Muthing J, Homicsko K, Kuonen F, Gilliet M, Spengler B, Heeren RMA, Dotto GP, La Manno G, D'Angelo G. Sphingolipids control dermal fibroblast heterogeneity. Science 2022; 376:eabh1623. [PMID: 35420948 DOI: 10.1126/science.abh1623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Human cells produce thousands of lipids that change during cell differentiation and can vary across individual cells of the same type. However, we are only starting to characterize the function of these cell-to-cell differences in lipid composition. Here, we measured the lipidomes and transcriptomes of individual human dermal fibroblasts by coupling high-resolution mass spectrometry imaging with single-cell transcriptomics. We found that the cell-to-cell variations of specific lipid metabolic pathways contribute to the establishment of cell states involved in the organization of skin architecture. Sphingolipid composition is shown to define fibroblast subpopulations, with sphingolipid metabolic rewiring driving cell-state transitions. Therefore, cell-to-cell lipid heterogeneity affects the determination of cell states, adding a new regulatory component to the self-organization of multicellular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Capolupo
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Irina Khven
- Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alex R Lederer
- Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Mazzeo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Galina Glousker
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvia Ho
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Russo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Research Council of Italy, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Jonathan Paz Montoya
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dhaka R Bhandari
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Andrew P Bowman
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, 6629 ER Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Shane R Ellis
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, 6629 ER Maastricht, Netherlands.,Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Romain Guiet
- Faculté des Sciences de la Vie, Bioimaging and Optics Platform, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015 Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Burri
- Faculté des Sciences de la Vie, Bioimaging and Optics Platform, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015 Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Detzner
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Muthing
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Krisztian Homicsko
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Cancer Center Leman, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,The Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - François Kuonen
- Département de Dermatologie et Vénéréologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Gilliet
- Département de Dermatologie et Vénéréologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ron M A Heeren
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, 6629 ER Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - G Paolo Dotto
- Personalized Cancer Prevention Research Unit, Head and Neck Surgery Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.,Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Gioele La Manno
- Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni D'Angelo
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Research Council of Italy, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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18
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Sowa MA, Kreuter N, Sella N, Albuquerque W, Manhard J, Siegl A, Ghezellou P, Li B, Spengler B, Weichhard E, Rühl M, Zorn H, Gand M. Replacement of Pregastric Lipases in Cheese Production: Identification and Heterologous Expression of a Lipase from Pleurotus citrinopileatus. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:2998-3008. [PMID: 35213163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally produced piquant cheeses such as Feta or Provolone rely on pregastric lipolytic enzymes of animal origin to intensify flavor formation during ripening. Herein, we report a novel fungal lipase, derived from the phylum Basidiomycota to replace animal-derived products. A screening of 31 strains for the desired hydrolytic activities was performed, which revealed a promising fungal species. The secretome of an edible golden oyster mushroom, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, provided suitable enzymatic activity, and the coding sequence of the corresponding enzyme was identified by combining transcriptome and liquid chromatography high-resolution electrospray tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-HR-ESI-MS/MS) data. Recombinant expression in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using chaperones GroES-GroEL and DnaK-DnaJ-GrpE was established. The recombinant lipolytic enzyme was purified and biochemically characterized in terms of thermal and pH stability, optimal reaction conditions, and kinetic data toward p-nitrophenyl esters. An application in the microscale production of Feta-type brine cheese revealed promising sensory properties, which were confirmed by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) analyses in comparison with the reference enzyme opti-zym z10uc from goat origin. Supplementation with 2.3 U of the heterologously expressed fungal lipase produced the most comparable free fatty acid profile after 30 days of ripening. The flavor and texture formed during the application of the new lipase from P. citrinopileatus proved to be competitive to the use of pregastric lipases and could therefore replace the products of animal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam A Sowa
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Nadja Kreuter
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Nadine Sella
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Wendell Albuquerque
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Julia Manhard
- optiferm GmbH, Oberzollhauser Steige 4, Oy-Mittelberg 87466, Germany
| | - Alexander Siegl
- optiferm GmbH, Oberzollhauser Steige 4, Oy-Mittelberg 87466, Germany
| | - Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Binglin Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest University, Tai Bai Bei Lu 229, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Edgar Weichhard
- optiferm GmbH, Oberzollhauser Steige 4, Oy-Mittelberg 87466, Germany
| | - Martin Rühl
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Holger Zorn
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Martin Gand
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
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19
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Pereira Moreira B, Weber MHW, Haeberlein S, Mokosch AS, Spengler B, Grevelding CG, Falcone FH. Drug Repurposing and De Novo Drug Discovery of Protein Kinase Inhibitors as New Drugs against Schistosomiasis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041414. [PMID: 35209202 PMCID: PMC8879451 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting more than 200 million people worldwide. Chemotherapy relies on one single drug, praziquantel, which is safe but ineffective at killing larval stages of this parasite. Furthermore, concerns have been expressed about the rise in resistance against this drug. In the absence of an antischistosomal vaccine, it is, therefore, necessary to develop new drugs against the different species of schistosomes. Protein kinases are important molecules involved in key cellular processes such as signaling, growth, and differentiation. The kinome of schistosomes has been studied and the suitability of schistosomal protein kinases as targets demonstrated by RNA interference studies. Although protein kinase inhibitors are mostly used in cancer therapy, e.g., for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia or melanoma, they are now being increasingly explored for the treatment of non-oncological conditions, including schistosomiasis. Here, we discuss the various approaches including screening of natural and synthetic compounds, de novo drug development, and drug repurposing in the context of the search for protein kinase inhibitors against schistosomiasis. We discuss the status quo of the development of kinase inhibitors against schistosomal serine/threonine kinases such as polo-like kinases (PLKs) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases), as well as protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Pereira Moreira
- Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (B.P.M.); (M.H.W.W.); (S.H.); (C.G.G.)
| | - Michael H. W. Weber
- Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (B.P.M.); (M.H.W.W.); (S.H.); (C.G.G.)
| | - Simone Haeberlein
- Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (B.P.M.); (M.H.W.W.); (S.H.); (C.G.G.)
| | - Annika S. Mokosch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (A.S.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (A.S.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Christoph G. Grevelding
- Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (B.P.M.); (M.H.W.W.); (S.H.); (C.G.G.)
| | - Franco H. Falcone
- Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (B.P.M.); (M.H.W.W.); (S.H.); (C.G.G.)
- Correspondence:
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20
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Garikapati V, Colasante C, Baumgart-Vogt E, Spengler B. Sequential lipidomic, metabolomic, and proteomic analyses of serum, liver, and heart tissue specimens from peroxisomal biogenesis factor 11α knockout mice. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:2235-2250. [PMID: 35083512 PMCID: PMC8821073 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03860-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are versatile single membrane-enclosed cytoplasmic organelles, involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid metabolism and diverse other metabolic processes. Peroxisomal disorders result from mutations in Pex genes-encoded proteins named peroxins (PEX proteins) and single peroxisomal enzyme deficiencies. The PEX11 protein family (α, β, and γ isoforms) plays an important role in peroxisomal proliferation and fission. However, their specific functions and the metabolic impact caused by their deficiencies have not been precisely characterized. To understand the systemic molecular alterations caused by peroxisomal defects, here we utilized untreated peroxisomal biogenesis factor 11α knockout (Pex11α KO) mouse model and performed serial relative-quantitative lipidomic, metabolomic, and proteomic analyses of serum, liver, and heart tissue homogenates. We demonstrated significant specific changes in the abundances of multiple lipid species, polar metabolites, and proteins and dysregulated metabolic pathways in distinct biological specimens of the Pex11α KO adult mice in comparison to the wild type (WT) controls. Overall, the present study reports comprehensive semi-quantitative molecular omics information of the Pex11α KO mice, which might serve in the future as a reference for a better understanding of the roles of Pex11α and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of peroxisomal biogenesis disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vannuruswamy Garikapati
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Division of Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Claudia Colasante
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Division of Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Eveline Baumgart-Vogt
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Division of Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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21
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Morawietz CM, Peter Ventura AM, Grevelding CG, Haeberlein S, Spengler B. Spatial visualization of drug uptake and distribution in Fasciola hepatica using high-resolution AP-SMALDI mass spectrometry imaging. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:1145-1153. [PMID: 35067744 PMCID: PMC8986696 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07388-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding drug penetration, distribution, and metabolization is fundamental for understanding drug efficacy. This also accounts for parasites during antiparasitic treatment. Recently, we established matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) in blood flukes and liver flukes. This label-free technique is capable of visualizing the molecular distribution of endogenous and exogenous molecules, such as drug compounds. Here, we conducted atmospheric-pressure scanning microprobe MALDI MSI (AP-SMALDI MSI) of tissue sections of adult Fasciola hepatica that have been treated in vitro with 100 µM of triclabendazole (TCBZ), the drug of choice for treatment of fasciolosis, and its main metabolite triclabendazole sulfoxide (TCBZ-SO). Measurements covered an m/z mass range of 250–1,000 and provided a high spatial resolution using a pixel size of 10 µm. To support the interpretation of drug distribution, we first identified endogenous lipids that mark characteristic tissues such as the gastrodermis, the tegument, and the parenchyma. The obtained results suggested an early tegumental route of TCBZ uptake within 20 min, followed by spreading throughout the parasite after 4 h, and an even distribution in most tissues after 12 h. This coincided with a strong reduction of parasite vitality. TCBZ-SO treatment demonstrated the accumulation of this metabolite in the same tissues as the parent drug compound. These data demonstrate the auspicious potential of MALDI MSI to visualize uptake and distribution patterns of drugs or drug-candidate compounds in parasites, which might contribute to preclinical drug discovery in liver fluke research and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin M Morawietz
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Christoph G Grevelding
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Simone Haeberlein
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
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22
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Righetti L, Gottwald S, Tortorella S, Spengler B, Bhandari DR. Mass Spectrometry Imaging Disclosed Spatial Distribution of Defense-Related Metabolites in Triticum spp. Metabolites 2022; 12:48. [PMID: 35050170 PMCID: PMC8780301 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium Head Blight is the most common fungal disease that strongly affects Triticum spp., reducing crop yield and leading to the accumulation of toxic metabolites. Several studies have investigated the plant metabolic response to counteract mycotoxins accumulation. However, information on the precise location where the defense mechanism is taking place is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the specific tissue distribution of defense metabolites in two Triticum species and use this information to postulate on the metabolites' functional role, unlocking the "location-to-function" paradigm. To address this challenge, transversal cross-sections were obtained from the middle of the grains. They were analyzed using an atmospheric-pressure (AP) SMALDI MSI source (AP-SMALDI5 AF, TransMIT GmbH, Giessen, Germany) coupled to a Q Exactive HF (Thermo Fisher Scientific GmbH, Bremen, Germany) orbital trapping mass spectrometer. Our result revealed the capability of (AP)-SMALDI MSI instrumentation to finely investigate the spatial distribution of wheat defense metabolites, such as hydroxycinnamic acid amides, oxylipins, linoleic and α-linoleic acids, galactolipids, and glycerolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Righetti
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.G.); (B.S.)
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Sven Gottwald
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Sara Tortorella
- Molecular Horizon srl, Via Montelino 30, Bettona, 06084 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Dhaka Ram Bhandari
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.G.); (B.S.)
- Gandaki Prvince Academy of Science and Technology, Pokhara 33700, Nepal
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23
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Pestana CJ, Moura DS, Capelo-Neto J, Edwards C, Dreisbach D, Spengler B, Lawton LA. Potentially Poisonous Plastic Particles: Microplastics as a Vector for Cyanobacterial Toxins Microcystin-LR and Microcystin-LF. Environ Sci Technol 2021; 55:15940-15949. [PMID: 34758624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c05796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The potential of microplastics to act as a vector for micropollutants of natural or anthropogenic origin is of rising concern. Cyanobacterial toxins, including microcystins, are harmful to humans and wildlife. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time the potential of microplastics to act as vectors for two different microcystin analogues. A concentration of up to 28 times from water to plastic was observed for the combination of polystyrene and microcystin-LF achieving toxin concentrations on the plastic of 142 ± 7 μg g-1. Based on the experimental results, and assuming a worst-case scenario, potential toxin doses for daphnids are calculated based on published microplastic ingestion data. Progressing up through trophic levels, theoretically, the concentration of microcystins in organisms is discussed. The experimental results indicate that adsorption of microcystins onto microplastics is a multifactorial process, depending on the particle size, the variable amino acid composition of the microcystins, the type of plastic, and pH. Furthermore, the results of the current study stressed the limitations of exclusively investigating microcystin-LR (the most commonly studied microcystin congener) as a model compound representing a group of around 250 reported microcystin congeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J Pestana
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Sir Ian Wood Building, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB10 7GJ, U.K
| | - Diana S Moura
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Sir Ian Wood Building, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB10 7GJ, U.K
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Avenida Humberto Monte, Pici Campus Block 713 (first floor), Fortaleza, Ceará 60440-593, Brazil
| | - José Capelo-Neto
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Avenida Humberto Monte, Pici Campus Block 713 (first floor), Fortaleza, Ceará 60440-593, Brazil
| | - Christine Edwards
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Sir Ian Wood Building, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB10 7GJ, U.K
| | - Domenic Dreisbach
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Linda A Lawton
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Sir Ian Wood Building, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB10 7GJ, U.K
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24
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Pedrazzani C, Vanara F, Bhandari DR, Bruni R, Spengler B, Blandino M, Righetti L. 5- n-Alkylresorcinol Profiles in Different Cultivars of Einkorn, Emmer, Spelt, Common Wheat, and Tritordeum. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:14092-14102. [PMID: 34793147 PMCID: PMC8640985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
5-n-Alkylresorcinols (AR) are bioactive compounds found in the edible parts of many cereals. Here, saturated and unsaturated homologues, including the oxidized forms 5-(2'-oxo) AR and their plant metabolites, were profiled by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-ion mobility separation-high-resolution mass spectrometry in 18 cultivars of einkorn, emmer, spelt, common wheat, and tritordeum, cultivated in two consecutive years under uniform agronomic conditions. The average content of AR ranged between 672.5 ± 129.8 and 1408.9 ± 528.0 mg/kg, exceeding 2380 mg/kg in some samples and highlighting a superior content in tritordeum and in modern cultivars with respect to old wheat genotypes. By evaluating the effect of environmental and agronomic factors on the different variables, the harvest year resulted to be always significant, while location and variety influenced AR abundance only for some homologues. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of AR was investigated by mass spectrometry imaging using transversal cross sections of wheat kernels. Our results show that AR homologues are mainly localized in the testa and in the outer pericarp of wheat kernels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Pedrazzani
- Department
of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Francesca Vanara
- Department
of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, Grugliasco 10095, Italy
| | - Dhaka Ram Bhandari
- Institute
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus
Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Renato Bruni
- Department
of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus
Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Massimo Blandino
- Department
of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, Grugliasco 10095, Italy
| | - Laura Righetti
- Department
of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43124, Italy
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25
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Righetti L, Bhandari DR, Rolli E, Tortorella S, Bruni R, Dall’Asta C, Spengler B. Mycotoxin Uptake in Wheat - Eavesdropping Fusarium Presence for Priming Plant Defenses or a Trojan Horse to Weaken Them? Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:711389. [PMID: 34381485 PMCID: PMC8350570 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.711389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium mycotoxins represent a major threat for cereal crops and food safety. While previous investigations have described plant biotransforming properties on mycotoxins or metabolic relapses of fungal infections in plants, so far, the potential consequences of radical exposure in healthy crops are mostly unknown. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating whether the exposure to mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN), at the plant-soil interface may be considered a form of biotic stress capable of inducing priming or a potential initiation of fungal attack. To address this, we used atmospheric-pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging to investigate the activation or the inhibition of specific biosynthetic pathways and in situ localization of primary and secondary metabolites in wheat. According to our untargeted metabolomics investigation, the translocation of plant defense metabolites (i.e., hydroxycinnamic acid amide and flavones) follows the mycotoxin accumulation organs, which is the root for ZEN-treated plantlet and culm for DON-treated sample, suggesting a local "defense-on-demand response." Therefore, it can be hypothesized that DON and ZEN are involved in the eavesdropping of Fusarium presence in soil and that wheat response based on secondary metabolites may operate on multiple organs with a potential interplay that involves masked mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Righetti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Dhaka Ram Bhandari
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Enrico Rolli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Renato Bruni
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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26
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Albuquerque W, Ghezellou P, Li B, Spengler B, Will F, Zorn H, Gand M. Identification of intact peptides by top-down peptidomics reveals cleavage spots in thermolabile wine proteins. Food Chem 2021; 363:130437. [PMID: 34214891 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Prevention of haze formation in wines is challenging for winemakers. Thermolabile proteins in wines, notably thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) and chitinases (CHIs), undergo structural changes under varying physicochemical conditions, resulting in protein aggregation and visible haze in bottled products. Peptidases are an alternative fining method, although an effective proteolysis under typical winemaking conditions (acidic pH and low temperature) is difficult to achieve. In this study, tryptic peptides from TLPs and CHIs were identified by MS-based peptidomics (top-down proteomics) after exposure of scissile bonds on the protein surface. As proposed by the theory of limited proteolysis, protein conformational changes following temperature and pH variations allowed the detection of enzyme-accessible regions. Protein structure visualization and molecular dynamics simulations were used to highlight cleavage spots and provide the scientific basis for haze formation mechanisms. The described method offers a tool to the search for ideal enzymes to prevent wine haze.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendell Albuquerque
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Binglin Li
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany; College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest University, Tai Bai Bei Lu 229, 710000 Shaanxi, China
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Frank Will
- Department of Beverage Research, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Holger Zorn
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Martin Gand
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany.
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Peek V, Harden LM, Damm J, Aslani F, Leisengang S, Roth J, Gerstberger R, Meurer M, von Köckritz-Blickwede M, Schulz S, Spengler B, Rummel C. LPS Primes Brain Responsiveness to High Mobility Group Box-1 Protein. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060558. [PMID: 34208101 PMCID: PMC8230749 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box (HMGB)1 action contributes to late phases of sepsis, but the effects of increased endogenous plasma HMGB1 levels on brain cells during inflammation are unclear. Here, we aimed to further investigate the role of HMGB1 in the brain during septic-like lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in rats (LPS, 10 mg/kg, i.p.). HMGB-1 mRNA expression and release were measured in the periphery/brain by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and ELISA. In vitro experiments with disulfide-HMGB1 in primary neuro-glial cell cultures of the area postrema (AP), a circumventricular organ with a leaky blood–brain barrier and direct access to circulating mediators like HMGB1 and LPS, were performed to determine the direct influence of HMGB1 on this pivotal brain structure for immune-to-brain communication. Indeed, HMGB1 plasma levels stayed elevated after LPS injection. Immunohistochemistry of brains and AP cultures confirmed LPS-stimulated cytoplasmatic translocation of HMGB1 indicative of local HMGB1 release. Moreover, disulfide-HMGB1 stimulation induced nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation and a significant release of interleukin-6, but not tumor necrosis factor α, into AP culture supernatants. However, only a few AP cells directly responded to HMGB1 with increased intracellular calcium concentration. Interestingly, priming with LPS induced a seven-fold higher percentage of responsive cells to HMGB1. We conclude that, as a humoral and local mediator, HMGB1 enhances brain inflammatory responses, after LPS priming, linked to sustained sepsis symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Peek
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.P.); (J.D.); (S.L.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Lois M. Harden
- Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa;
| | - Jelena Damm
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.P.); (J.D.); (S.L.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Ferial Aslani
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Medical Faculty, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Stephan Leisengang
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.P.); (J.D.); (S.L.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Joachim Roth
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.P.); (J.D.); (S.L.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Rüdiger Gerstberger
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.P.); (J.D.); (S.L.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Marita Meurer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (M.M.); (M.v.K.-B.)
| | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (M.M.); (M.v.K.-B.)
| | - Sabine Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (S.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Christoph Rummel
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.P.); (J.D.); (S.L.); (J.R.); (R.G.)
- Correspondence:
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28
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Derbali W, Manaa A, Spengler B, Goussi R, Abideen Z, Ghezellou P, Abdelly C, Forreiter C, Koyro HW. Comparative proteomic approach to study the salinity effect on the growth of two contrasting quinoa genotypes. Plant Physiol Biochem 2021; 163:215-229. [PMID: 33862501 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of NaCl salinity (0, 100 and 300 mM) on the individual response of the quinoa varieties Kcoito (Altiplano Ecotype) and UDEC-5 (Sea-level Ecotype) with physiological and proteomic approaches. Leaf protein profile was performed using two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). UDEC-5 showed an enhanced capacity to withstand salinity stress compared to Kcoito. In response to salinity, we detected overall the following differences between both genotypes: Toxicity symptoms, plant growth performance, photosynthesis performance and intensity of ROS-defense. We found a mirroring of these differences in the proteome of each genotype. Among the 700 protein spots reproducibly detected, 24 exhibited significant abundance variations between samples. These proteins were involved in energy and carbon metabolism, photosynthesis, ROS scavenging and detoxification, stress defense and chaperone functions, enzyme activation and ATPases. A specific set of proteins predominantly involved in photosynthesis and ROS scavenging showed significantly higher abundance under high salinity (300 mM NaCl). The adjustment was accompanied by a stimulation of various metabolic pathways to balance the supplementary demand for energy or intermediates. However, the more salt-resistant genotype UDEC-5 presented a beneficial and significantly higher expression of nearly all stress-related altered enzymes than Kcoito.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Derbali
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif, 2050, Tunisia; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092. Tunisia; Institute for Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Arafet Manaa
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif, 2050, Tunisia.
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rahma Goussi
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif, 2050, Tunisia; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092. Tunisia
| | - Zainul Abideen
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif, 2050, Tunisia
| | - Christoph Forreiter
- Institut für Biologie, University of Siegen, Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Fakultät, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany
| | - Hans-Werner Koyro
- Institute for Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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Lotz F, Baar P, Spengler B, Schulz S. Development of a handheld liquid extraction pen for on-site mass spectrometric analysis of daily goods. Analyst 2021; 146:3004-3015. [PMID: 33949361 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02281k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a handheld liquid extraction pen (LEP) combined with a self-sustaining electrospray ionization platform for ambient mass spectrometry within a laboratory-independent workspace. The LEP enables direct sampling from various surfaces and textures, independent of sample shape without precise sample positioning or dedicated sample preparation. The combination of liquid extraction of analytes through the pen and electrospray ionization (ESI) opens a broad field of applications. Qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis is presented for pesticides, plasticizers and drugs which were analyzed from representative consumer goods, such as fruits, toys and pills. Food authentication via metabolomic fingerprinting and multivariate statistics is demonstrated for the analysis of fish fillets and coffee. The LEP source uses a rechargeable battery to power a compressor. Ambient air is used for solvent nebulization in ESI. Through a pressure pump with integrated solvent reservoir, a solvent flow through the LEP and ESI source is generated. Measurement times of more than three hours are possible. The ion source is adaptable to any kind of mass spectrometer equipped with an atmospheric pressure interface. Measurements were performed on orbital trapping instruments and on a miniature mass spectrometer. Coupled to the miniaturized mass spectrometer, the completely portable LEP-MS instrument has dimensions of 48.4 × 27.0 × 18.0 cm (l × w × h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Lotz
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.
| | - Paula Baar
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.
| | - Sabine Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.
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Ghezellou P, Heiles S, Kadesch P, Ghassempour A, Spengler B. Venom Gland Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Saw-Scaled Viper, Echis carinatus sochureki, at High Lateral Resolution. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2021; 32:1105-1115. [PMID: 33725446 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The snake venom gland is the place for the synthesis, storage, and secretion of a complex mixture of proteins and peptides, i.e., the venom. The morphology of the gland has been revealed by classical histology and microscopic studies. However, knowledge about the gland's cellular secretory and functional processes is still incomplete and has so far been neglected by the omics disciplines. We used autofocusing atmospheric-pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (AP-SMALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to investigate endogenous biomolecular distributions in the venom glands of the saw-scaled viper, Echis carinatus sochureki, employing different sample preparation methods. Fresh-freezing and formalin-fixation were tested for the gland to obtain intact tissue sections. Subsequently, MSI was conducted with 12 μm pixel resolution for both types of preparations, and the lateral distributions of the metabolites were identified. Experiments revealed that lipids belonging to the classes of PC, SM, PE, PS, PA, and TG are present in the venom gland. PC (32:0) and SM (36:1) were found to be specifically located in the areas where cells are present. The snake venom metalloprotease inhibitor pEKW (m/z 444.2233) was identified in the venom by top-down LC-MS/MS and localized by MALDI-MSI in the gland across secretory epithelial cells. The peptide can inhibit the venom's enzymatic activity during long-term storage within the venom gland. With a high degree of spectral similarities, we concluded that formalin-fixed tissue, in addition to its high ability to preserve tissue morphology, can be considered as an alternative method to fresh-frozen tissue in the case of lipid and peptide MS imaging in venom gland tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Heiles
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Patrik Kadesch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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31
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Righetti L, Bhandari DR, Rolli E, Tortorella S, Bruni R, Dall'Asta C, Spengler B. Unveiling the spatial distribution of aflatoxin B1 and plant defense metabolites in maize using AP-SMALDI mass spectrometry imaging. Plant J 2021; 106:185-199. [PMID: 33421236 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to cope with the presence of unfavorable compounds, plants can biotransform xenobiotics, translocate both parent compounds and metabolites, and perform compartmentation and segregation at the cellular or tissue level. Such a scenario also applies to mycotoxins, fungal secondary metabolites with a pre-eminent role in plant infection. In this work, we aimed to describe the effect of the interplay between Zea mays (maize) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) at the tissue and organ level. To address this challenge, we used atmospheric pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AP-SMALDI MSI) to investigate the biotransformation, localization and subsequent effects of AFB1 on primary and secondary metabolism of healthy maize plants, both in situ and from a metabolomics standpoint. High spatial resolution (5 µm) provided fine localization of AFB1, which was located within the root intercellular spaces, and co-localized with its phase-I metabolite aflatoxin M2. We provided a parallel visualization of maize metabolic changes, induced in different organs and tissues by an accumulation of AFB1. According to our untargeted metabolomics investigation, anthocyanin biosynthesis and chlorophyll metabolism in roots are most affected. The biosynthesis of these metabolites appears to be inhibited by AFB1 accumulation. On the other hand, metabolites found in above-ground organs suggest that the presence of AFB1 may also activate the biochemical response in the absence of an actual fungal infection; indeed, several plant secondary metabolites known for their antimicrobial or antioxidant activities were localized in the outer tissues, such as phenylpropanoids, benzoxazinoids, phytohormones and lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Righetti
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 17/A, Parma, 43124, Italy
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen, 35392, Germany
| | - Dhaka Ram Bhandari
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen, 35392, Germany
| | - Enrico Rolli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Via G.P. Usberti 11/a, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Sara Tortorella
- Molecular Horizon Srl, Via Montelino 30, Bettona, Perugia, 06084, Italy
| | - Renato Bruni
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 17/A, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Chiara Dall'Asta
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 17/A, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen, 35392, Germany
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32
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Mokosch AS, Gerbig S, Grevelding CG, Haeberlein S, Spengler B. High-resolution AP-SMALDI MSI as a tool for drug imaging in Schistosoma mansoni. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:2755-2766. [PMID: 33723627 PMCID: PMC8007518 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03230-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Schistosoma mansoni is a parasitic flatworm causing schistosomiasis, an infectious disease affecting several hundred million people worldwide. Schistosomes live dioeciously, and upon pairing with the male, the female starts massive egg production, which causes pathology. Praziquantel (PZQ) is the only drug used, but it has an inherent risk of resistance development. Therefore, alternatives are needed. In the context of drug repurposing, the cancer drug imatinib was tested, showing high efficacy against S. mansoni in vitro. Besides the gonads, imatinib mainly affected the integrity of the intestine in males and females. In this study, we investigated the potential uptake and distribution of imatinib in adult schistosomes including its distribution kinetics. To this end, we applied for the first time atmospheric-pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AP-SMALDI MSI) for drug imaging in paired S. mansoni. Our results indicate that imatinib was present in the esophagus and intestine of the male as early as 20 min after in vitro exposure, suggesting an oral uptake route. After one hour, the drug was also found inside the paired female. The detection of the main metabolite, N-desmethyl imatinib, indicated metabolization of the drug. Additionally, a marker signal for the female ovary was successfully applied to facilitate further conclusions regarding organ tropism of imatinib. Our results demonstrate that AP-SMALDI MSI is a useful method to study the uptake, tissue distribution, and metabolization of imatinib in S. mansoni. The results suggest using AP-SMALDI MSI also for investigating other antiparasitic compounds and their metabolites in schistosomes and other parasites. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika S Mokosch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gerbig
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christoph G Grevelding
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Simone Haeberlein
- Institute of Parasitology, BFS, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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33
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Dreisbach D, Petschenka G, Spengler B, Bhandari DR. 3D-surface MALDI mass spectrometry imaging for visualising plant defensive cardiac glycosides in Asclepias curassavica. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:2125-2134. [PMID: 33544161 PMCID: PMC7943518 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03177-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry-based imaging (MSI) has emerged as a promising method for spatial metabolomics in plant science. Several ionisation techniques have shown great potential for the spatially resolved analysis of metabolites in plant tissue. However, limitations in technology and methodology limited the molecular information for irregular 3D surfaces with resolutions on the micrometre scale. Here, we used atmospheric-pressure 3D-surface matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging (3D-surface MALDI MSI) to investigate plant chemical defence at the topographic molecular level for the model system Asclepias curassavica. Upon mechanical damage (simulating herbivore attacks) of native A. curassavica leaves, the surface of the leaves varies up to 700 μm, and cardiac glycosides (cardenolides) and other defence metabolites were exclusively detected in damaged leaf tissue but not in different regions of the same leaf. Our results indicated an increased latex flow rate towards the point of damage leading to an accumulation of defence substances in the affected area. While the concentration of cardiac glycosides showed no differences between 10 and 300 min after wounding, cardiac glycosides decreased after 24 h. The employed autofocusing AP-SMALDI MSI system provides a significant technological advancement for the visualisation of individual molecule species on irregular 3D surfaces such as native plant leaves. Our study demonstrates the enormous potential of this method in the field of plant science including primary metabolism and molecular mechanisms of plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress and symbiotic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenic Dreisbach
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Georg Petschenka
- Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, Otto-Sander-Straße 5, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Dhaka R Bhandari
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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Müller MA, Kompauer M, Strupat K, Heiles S, Spengler B. Implementation of a High-Repetition-Rate Laser in an AP-SMALDI MSI System for Enhanced Measurement Performance. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2021; 32:465-472. [PMID: 33370109 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging is a promising tool in the life sciences for obtaining spatial and chemical information from complex biological samples. State-of-the-art setups combine high mass resolution and high mass accuracy with high lateral resolution, offering untargeted insights into biochemical processes on the single-cell length scale. Despite recent technological breakthroughs, the sensitivity and acquisition speed of many setups are often in competition with achievable pixel resolutions below 25 μm. New measurement modes were developed by implementing a high-repetition-rate laser into an AP-SMALDI10 ion source, coupled to an orbital trapping mass spectrometer. These new MSI modes allow for a modular use of the new setup. We demonstrate that the system allows single cell features to be visualized in mouse brain tissue sections at a pixel resolution of 5 μm and an imaging speed of 18 pixels/s. Furthermore, the analytical sensitivity was improved in another measurement mode by applying multiple pulses of a highly focused laser beam over larger square pixels ≥25 μm edge length, increasing ion signal intensities up to 20-fold on tissue and decreasing the limit of detection by 1 order of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max A Müller
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Mario Kompauer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Strupat
- Thermo Fisher Scientific (Bremen) GmbH, 28199 Bremen, Germany
| | - Sven Heiles
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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35
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Morawietz CM, Houhou H, Puckelwaldt O, Hehr L, Dreisbach D, Mokosch A, Roeb E, Roderfeld M, Spengler B, Haeberlein S. Targeting Kinases in Fasciola hepatica: Anthelminthic Effects and Tissue Distribution of Selected Kinase Inhibitors. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:611270. [PMID: 33409299 PMCID: PMC7779637 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.611270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases have been discussed as promising druggable targets in various parasitic helminths. New drugs are also needed for control of fascioliasis, a food-borne trematode infection and worldwide spread zoonosis, caused by the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica and related species. In this study, we intended to move protein kinases more into the spotlight of Fasciola drug research and characterized the fasciolicidal activity of two small-molecule inhibitors from human cancer research: the Abelson tyrosine kinase (ABL-TK) inhibitor imatinib and the polo-like 1 (PLK1) inhibitor BI2536. BI2536 reduced viability of 4-week-old immature flukes in vitro, while adult worms showed a blockade of egg production. Together with a significantly higher transcriptional expression of PLK1 in adult compared to immature worms, this argues for a role of PLK1 in fluke reproduction. Both fluke stages expressed ABL1-TK transcripts at similar high levels and were affected by imatinib. To study the uptake kinetic and tissue distribution of imatinib in F. hepatica, we applied matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) for the first time in this parasite. Drug imaging revealed the accumulation of imatinib in different fluke tissues from 20 min to 12 h of exposure. Furthermore, we show that imatinib is metabolized to N-desmethyl imatinib by F. hepatica, a bioactive metabolite also found in humans. Besides the vitellarium, gastrodermal tissue showed strong signal intensities. In situ hybridization demonstrated the gastrodermal presence of abl1 transcripts. Finally, we assessed transcriptional changes of physiologically important genes in imatinib-treated flukes. Moderately increased transcript levels of a gene encoding a multidrug resistance protein were detected, which may reflect an attempt to defend against imatinib. Increased expression levels of the cell cycle dependently expressed histone h2b and of two genes encoding superoxide dismutases (SODs) were also observed. In summary, our pilot study demonstrated cross-stage activity of imatinib but not BI2536 against immature and adult F. hepatica in vitro; a fast incorporation of imatinib within minutes, probably via the oral route; and imatinib-induced expression changes of physiologically relevant genes. We conclude that kinases are worth analyzing in more detail to evaluate the potential as therapeutic targets in F. hepatica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin M Morawietz
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hicham Houhou
- Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Oliver Puckelwaldt
- Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Laura Hehr
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Domenic Dreisbach
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Annika Mokosch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Elke Roeb
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Martin Roderfeld
- Department of Gastroenterology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Simone Haeberlein
- Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Ghezellou P, Albuquerque W, Garikapati V, Casewell NR, Kazemi SM, Ghassempour A, Spengler B. Integrating Top-Down and Bottom-Up Mass Spectrometric Strategies for Proteomic Profiling of Iranian Saw-Scaled Viper, Echis carinatus sochureki, Venom. J Proteome Res 2020; 20:895-908. [PMID: 33225711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Saw-scaled or carpet vipers (genus Echis) are considered to cause a higher global snakebite mortality than any other snake. Echis carinatus sochureki (ECS) is a widely distributed snake species, also found across the thirteen provinces of Iran, where it is assumed to be responsible for the most snakebite envenomings. Here, we collected the Iranian specimens of ECS from three different geographically distinct populations, investigated food habits, and performed toxicity assessment and venom proteome profiling to better understand saw-scaled viper life. Our results show that the prey items most commonly found in all populations were arthropods, with scorpions from the family Buthidae particularly well represented. LD50 (median lethal dose) values of the crude venom demonstrate highly comparable venom toxicities in mammals. Consistent with this finding, venom characterization via top-down and bottom-up proteomics, applied to both crude venoms and size-exclusion chromatographic fractions, revealed highly comparable venom compositions among the different populations. By combining all proteomics data, we identified 22 protein families from 102 liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) raw files, including the most abundant snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs, 29-34%); phospholipase A2 (PLA2s, 26-31%); snake venom serine proteinases (SVSPs, 11-12%); l-amino acid oxidases (LAOs, 8-11%), C-type lectins/lectin-like (CTLs, 7-9%) protein families, and many newly detected ones, e.g., renin-like aspartic proteases (RLAPs), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases (PPIs), and venom vasodilator peptides (VVPs). Furthermore, we identified and characterized methylated, acetylated, and oxidized proteoforms relating to the PLA2 and disintegrin toxin families and the site of their modifications. It thus seems that post-translational modifications (PTMs) of toxins, particularly target lysine residues, may play an essential role in the structural and functional properties of venom proteins and might be able to influence the therapeutic response of antivenoms, to be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Wendell Albuquerque
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Vannuruswamy Garikapati
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Nicholas R Casewell
- Centre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, U.K
| | - Seyed Mahdi Kazemi
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
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Kadesch P, Hollubarsch T, Gerbig S, Schneider L, Silva LMR, Hermosilla C, Taubert A, Spengler B. Intracellular Parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Besnoitia besnoiti, Unveiled in Single Host Cells Using AP-SMALDI MS Imaging. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2020; 31:1815-1824. [PMID: 32830963 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Besnoitia besnoiti are important causes of disease in both humans and cattle. To date, effective specific treatments are lacking for both infections. To counteract severe symptoms leading to, e.g., disabilities and even abortion in the case of human toxoplasmosis and bovine besnoitiosis, novel targets are required for development of drugs and vaccines. A promising emerging technique for molecular characterization of organisms is high-resolution atmospheric-pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (AP-SMALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) which enables semiquantitative visualization of metabolite distributions. MSI was here used to trace and characterize lipid metabolites in primary bovine umbilical vein endothelial cells (BUVECs) upon infection with tachyzoites, an early and pathogenic fast-replicating life stage of T. gondii and B. besnoiti. A cell bulk, derived from noninfected controls and parasite-infected cell pellets, was analyzed by AP-SMALDI MSI in technical and biological triplicates. Multivariate statistical analysis including hierarchical clustering and principle component analysis revealed infection-specific metabolites in both positive- and negative-ion mode, identified by combining database search and LC-MS2 experiments. MSI analyses of host cell monolayers were conducted at 5 μm lateral resolution, allowing single apicomplexan-infected cells to be allocated. This is the first mass spectrometry imaging study on intracellular T. gondii and B. besnoiti infections and the first detailed metabolomic characterization of B. besnoiti tachyzoites. MSI was used here as an efficient tool to discriminate infected from noninfected cells at the single-cell level in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Kadesch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tobias Hollubarsch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gerbig
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lars Schneider
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Liliana M R Silva
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Carlos Hermosilla
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anja Taubert
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Kadesch P, Quack T, Gerbig S, Grevelding CG, Spengler B. Tissue- and sex-specific lipidomic analysis of Schistosoma mansoni using high-resolution atmospheric pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008145. [PMID: 32401760 PMCID: PMC7250470 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomes are human pathogens causing the neglected tropical disease schistosomiasis, which occurs worldwide in (sub-)tropical regions. This infectious disease is often associated with poverty, and more than 700 million people are at risk of infection. Exploitation of novel habitats and limited therapeutic options brought schistosomes into research focus. Schistosomes are the only trematodes that have evolved separate sexes. They are covered by their metabolically active tegument, a surface area representing the interface between male and female in their permanent mating contact but also between parasite and host. The tegument comprises, besides others, numerous specific lipid compounds. Limited information is available on the exact lipid composition and its spatial distribution. We used atmospheric-pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (AP-SMALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to characterize the Schistosoma mansoni tegument surface in comparison to tissue sections of whole worms or couples. We found that phosphatidylcholines (PC) and specific phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) are significantly more abundant inside the worm body compared to the tegument. On the other hand, the latter was found to be enriched in sphingomyelins (SM), phosphatidylserines (PS), lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), and specific PE species. We further investigated lipid classes concerning number of carbon atoms in fatty acyl chains as well as the degree of unsaturation and found pronounced differences between the tegument and whole-worm body. Furthermore, differences between male and female teguments were found. The lipid composition of S. mansoni tissues has been investigated in an untargeted, spatially resolved manner for the first time. WHO-defined Neglected Tropical Diseases, including schistosomiasis, are a burden for a significant part of the human world population. The fight against the diecious trematode Schistosoma mansoni can be supported by investigations of the specific molecular communication in male/female and in worm/host interactions. Improving the knowledge about S. mansoni is mandatory, since there is justified fear of the possibility of resistance development against the only available drug Praziquantel. We used mass spectrometry imaging as a powerful tool to provide topographic and tissue-specific information on the parasite. We investigated single male and female worms, as well as mating couples, regarding both, their inner tissue, and their intact surfaces, the tegument. We found highly specific lipid species and visualized their local distributions and abundances in high-resolution molecular images. Our findings may help to improve knowledge of the complex life cycles and of molecular communication mechanisms of schistosomes and may help to develop new drugs and strategies for treatment of the infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Kadesch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Quack
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gerbig
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christoph G. Grevelding
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Geier B, Sogin EM, Michellod D, Janda M, Kompauer M, Spengler B, Dubilier N, Liebeke M. Spatial metabolomics of in situ host-microbe interactions at the micrometre scale. Nat Microbiol 2020; 5:498-510. [PMID: 32015496 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-019-0664-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Spatial metabolomics describes the location and chemistry of small molecules involved in metabolic phenotypes, defence molecules and chemical interactions in natural communities. Most current techniques are unable to spatially link the genotype and metabolic phenotype of microorganisms in situ at a scale relevant to microbial interactions. Here, we present a spatial metabolomics pipeline (metaFISH) that combines fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) microscopy and high-resolution atmospheric-pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry to image host-microbe symbioses and their metabolic interactions. The metaFISH pipeline aligns and integrates metabolite and fluorescent images at the micrometre scale to provide a spatial assignment of host and symbiont metabolites on the same tissue section. To illustrate the advantages of metaFISH, we mapped the spatial metabolome of a deep-sea mussel and its intracellular symbiotic bacteria at the scale of individual epithelial host cells. Our analytical pipeline revealed metabolic adaptations of the epithelial cells to the intracellular symbionts and variation in metabolic phenotypes within a single symbiont 16S rRNA phylotype, and enabled the discovery of specialized metabolites from the host-microbe interface. metaFISH provides a culture-independent approach to link metabolic phenotypes to community members in situ and is a powerful tool for microbiologists across fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Geier
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Emilia M Sogin
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Dolma Michellod
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Moritz Janda
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Mario Kompauer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nicole Dubilier
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
- MARUM, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Manuel Liebeke
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany.
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Heiles S, Kompauer M, Müller MA, Spengler B. Atmospheric-Pressure MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging at 213 nm Laser Wavelength. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2020; 31:326-335. [PMID: 32031384 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
First results for a new atmospheric-pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging source operating at 213 nm laser wavelength are presented. The activation of analytes in the 213 nm MALDI process at atmospheric pressure was evaluated and compared to results for 337 nm MALDI and electrospray ionization using thermometer molecules. Different sample preparation techniques for nicotinic acid, the matrix with the highest ionization efficiency at 213 nm of all tested matrices, were evaluated and optimized to obtain small crystal sizes, homogenous matrix layer sample coverage, and high ion signal gains. Mass spectrometry imaging experiments of phospholipids in mouse tissue sections in positive- and negative-ion mode with different lateral resolutions and the corresponding pre-/post-mass spectrometry imaging workflows are presented. The use of custom-made objective lenses resulted in sample ablation spot diameters of on average 2.9 μm, allowing mass spectrometry imaging experiments to be performed with 3 μm pixel size without oversampling. The ion source was coupled to an orbital trapping mass spectrometer offering high mass resolution (>100.000), high mass accuracy (≤ ±2 ppm), and high sensitivity (single pixel on-tissue tandem MS from 6.6 μm2 ablation area). The newly developed 213 nm atmospheric-pressure MALDI source combines the high mass resolution and high mass accuracy performance characteristics of orbital trapping mass spectrometers with high lateral resolution (pixel size ∼3 μm) mass spectrometry imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Heiles
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Justus Liebig University Giessen , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Mario Kompauer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Justus Liebig University Giessen , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Max A Müller
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Justus Liebig University Giessen , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Justus Liebig University Giessen , 35392 Giessen , Germany
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Abstract
Complementary to other imaging techniques, MALDI MS imaging provides label-free analysis and chemical specificity, covering a wide range of molecules that can be visualized simultaneously. Here, we highlight a protocol to visualize lipids from single cardiac cells using high-resolution atmospheric-pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization coupled to an orbital trapping mass analyzer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaka Ram Bhandari
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Giulia Coliva
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Fedorova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
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Sagara T, Bhandari DR, Spengler B, Vollmann J. Spermidine and other functional phytochemicals in soybean seeds: Spatial distribution as visualized by mass spectrometry imaging. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:675-682. [PMID: 31993191 PMCID: PMC6977421 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean seeds contain phytochemicals such as polyamines and isoflavones, which have been identified as functional components mediating health benefits in association with the consumption of soy foods. While a clear picture of the spatial distribution of these components within the seed is lacking, such information would be important to enhance or reduce their concentration in respective foods through processing. Thus, the objective of the present study was to visualize the most relevant components with respect to their distribution in soybean seeds. Mature soybean seeds were subject to atmospheric-pressure scanning-microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (AP-SMALDI) combined with a Fourier-transform orbital trapping mass spectrometer to generate high-resolution chemical images of phytochemical distribution. Based on seed cross sections, differential distributions of functional components were found between soybean cotyledon and germ (shoot, hypocotyl, root) regions. Spermidine and spermine were present in higher concentrations in the germ rather than in cotyledons with highest concentrations in root and shoot meristem tissues. Differential concentrations of spermidine and other components between the germ and cotyledon regions were confirmed by seed fractioning. In contrast to polyamines spermidine and spermine, the different types of daidzein, glycitein, and genistein isoflavones were all visualized in root parenchyma tissue exclusively. Overall, mass spectrometry imaging of soybean seeds revealed clear insights into the differential distribution of functional phytochemicals. Based on their distribution and depending on specific needs, spermidine and isoflavones can either be enriched or reduced during food processing by separating cotyledon and germ fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Sagara
- Department of Crop SciencesUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU)Tulln an der DonauAustria
| | - Dhaka Ram Bhandari
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryJustus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryJustus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
| | - Johann Vollmann
- Department of Crop SciencesUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU)Tulln an der DonauAustria
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Lotz F, Gerbig S, Lotze C, Spengler B, Schulz S. Autarkic desorption electrospray ionization source for on-site analysis of consumer goods. Analyst 2020; 145:5584-5593. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an00713g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A battery-powered DESI source with integrated solvent/gas supply and novel sampling geometry is presented for daily-goods analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Lotz
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Justus Liebig University Giessen
- Germany
| | - Stefanie Gerbig
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Justus Liebig University Giessen
- Germany
| | - Christian Lotze
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Justus Liebig University Giessen
- Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Justus Liebig University Giessen
- Germany
| | - Sabine Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Justus Liebig University Giessen
- Germany
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Bredehöft J, Bhandari DR, Pflieger FJ, Schulz S, Kang JX, Layé S, Roth J, Gerstberger R, Mayer K, Spengler B, Rummel C. Visualizing and Profiling Lipids in the OVLT of Fat-1 and Wild Type Mouse Brains during LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation Using AP-SMALDI MSI. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4394-4406. [PMID: 31513369 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids, including omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3-PUFAs), modulate brain-intrinsic inflammation during systemic inflammation. The vascular organ of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) is a brain structure important for immune-to-brain communication. We, therefore, aimed to profile the distribution of several lipids (e.g., phosphatidyl-choline/ethanolamine, PC/PE), including n-3-PUFA-carrying lipids (esterified in phospholipids), in the OVLT during systemic lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflammation. We injected wild type and endogenously n-3-PUFA producing fat-1 transgenic mice with LPS (i.p., 2.5 mg/kg) or PBS. Brain samples were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and high-resolution atmospheric-pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization orbital trapping mass spectrometry imaging (AP-SMALDI-MSI) for spatial resolution of lipids. Depending on genotype and treatment, several distinct distribution patterns were observed for lipids [e.g., lyso(L)PC (16:0)/(18:0)] proposed to be involved in inflammation. The distribution patterns ranged from being homogeneously disseminated [LPC (18:1)], absent/reduced signaling within the OVLT relative to adjacent preoptic tissue [PE (38:6)], either treatment- and genotype-dependent or independent low signal intensities [LPC (18:0)], treatment- and genotype-dependent [PC 38:6)] or independent accumulation in the OVLT [PC (38:7)], and accumulation in commissures, e.g., nerve fibers like the optic nerve [LPE (18:1)]. Overall, screening of lipid distribution patterns revealed distinct inflammation-induced changes in the OVLT, highlighting the prominent role of lipid metabolism in brain inflammation. Moreover, known and novel candidates for brain inflammation and immune-to-brain communication were detected specifically within this pivotal brain structure, a window between the periphery and the brain. The biological significance of these newly identified lipids abundant in the OVLT and the adjacent preoptic area remains to be further analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Bredehöft
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 100, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Dhaka Ram Bhandari
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Fabian Johannes Pflieger
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 100, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sabine Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jing X. Kang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Sophie Layé
- UMR 1286, NutriNeuro: Laboratoire Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33076, France
| | - Joachim Roth
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 100, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Gerstberger
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 100, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Mayer
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Klinikstrasse 33, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Christoph Rummel
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 100, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg 35032, Germany
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Wäldchen F, Spengler B, Heiles S. Reactive Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging Using an Intrinsically Photoreactive Paternò-Büchi Matrix for Double-Bond Localization in Isomeric Phospholipids. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:11816-11820. [PMID: 31318556 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The location and identity of phospholipids (PLs) within tissues can serve as diagnostic markers for tissue types or diseases. Whereas mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has emerged as a powerful bioanalytical tool to visualize PL distributions, inferring PL identities from MSI experiments is challenging. Especially, C═C double-bond (DB) positions are not identifiable in most MSI experiments. Herein, we introduce benzophenone (BPh) as a novel reactive matrix for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). BPh promotes desorption/ionization and simultaneously serves as derivatization reagent that allows functionalization of unsaturated PLs during the MALDI process via a laser-light driven Paternò-Büchi (PB) reaction without the need for additional equipment. Using BPh, PB product ions of numerous PL classes are readily generated to pinpoint the location of DBs. High lateral resolution MSI results of DB-position isomers are presented, highlighting the capabilities of BPh as a PB-reactive MALDI matrix to potentially unveil the impact of DB-position isomers in PL metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Wäldchen
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry , Justus Liebig University Giessen , Heinrich Buff Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry , Justus Liebig University Giessen , Heinrich Buff Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Sven Heiles
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry , Justus Liebig University Giessen , Heinrich Buff Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
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Ghezellou P, Garikapati V, Kazemi SM, Strupat K, Ghassempour A, Spengler B. A perspective view of top-down proteomics in snake venom research. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2019; 33 Suppl 1:20-27. [PMID: 30076652 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The venom produced by snakes contains complex mixtures of pharmacologically active proteins and peptides which play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of snakebite diseases. The deep understanding of venom proteomes can help to improve the treatment of this "neglected tropical disease" (as expressed by the World Health Organization [WHO]) and to develop new drugs. The most widely used technique for venom analysis is liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS)-based bottom-up (BU) proteomics. Considering the fact that multiple multi-locus gene families encode snake venom proteins, the major challenge for the BU proteomics is the limited sequence coverage and also the "protein inference problem" which result in a loss of information for the identification and characterization of toxin proteoforms (genetic variation, alternative mRNA splicing, single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] and post-translational modifications [PTMs]). In contrast, intact protein measurements with top-down (TD) MS strategies cover almost complete protein sequences, and prove the ability to identify venom proteoforms and to localize their modifications and sequence variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Mahdi Kazemi
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
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Garikapati V, Karnati S, Bhandari DR, Baumgart-Vogt E, Spengler B. High-resolution atmospheric-pressure MALDI mass spectrometry imaging workflow for lipidomic analysis of late fetal mouse lungs. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3192. [PMID: 30816198 PMCID: PMC6395778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39452-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) provides label-free, non-targeted molecular and spatial information of the biomolecules within tissue. Lipids play important roles in lung biology, e.g. as surfactant, preventing alveolar collapse during normal and forced respiration. Lipidomic characterization of late fetal mouse lungs at day 19 of gestation (E19) has not been performed yet. In this study we employed high-resolution atmospheric pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization MSI for the lipidomic analysis of E19 mouse lungs. Molecular species of different lipid classes were imaged in E19 lung sections at high spatial and mass resolution in positive- and negative-ion mode. Lipid species were characterized based on accurate mass and on-tissue tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, a dedicated sample preparation protocol, homogenous deposition of matrices on tissue surfaces and data processing parameters were optimized for the comparison of signal intensities of lipids between different tissue sections of E19 lungs of wild type and Pex11β-knockout mice. Our study provides lipid information of E19 mouse lungs, optimized experimental and data processing strategies for the direct comparison of signal intensities of metabolites (lipids) among the tissue sections from MSI experiments. To best of our knowledge, this is the first MSI and lipidomic study of E19 mouse lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vannuruswamy Garikapati
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Division of Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Srikanth Karnati
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Division of Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dhaka Ram Bhandari
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Eveline Baumgart-Vogt
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Division of Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
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Kadesch P, Quack T, Gerbig S, Grevelding CG, Spengler B. Lipid Topography in Schistosoma mansoni Cryosections, Revealed by Microembedding and High-Resolution Atmospheric-Pressure Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4520-4528. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Kadesch
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Quack
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, BFS, Schubertstrasse 81, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gerbig
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Christoph G. Grevelding
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, BFS, Schubertstrasse 81, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Mattes DS, Streit B, Bhandari DR, Greifenstein J, Foertsch TC, Münch SW, Ridder B, v. Bojničić‐Kninski C, Nesterov‐Mueller A, Spengler B, Schepers U, Bräse S, Loeffler FF, Breitling F. Combinatorial Synthesis of Peptoid Arrays via Laser‐Based Stacking of Multiple Polymer Nanolayers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800533. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela. S. Mattes
- Institute of Microstructure TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute of Organic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Fritz‐Haber‐Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Bettina Streit
- Institute of Microstructure TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and GeneticsKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann‐von Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Dhaka R. Bhandari
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryJustus‐Liebig University Giessen Heinrich‐Buff‐Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Juliane Greifenstein
- Institute of Microstructure TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Tobias C. Foertsch
- Institute of Microstructure TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Stephan W. Münch
- Institute of Organic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Fritz‐Haber‐Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Barbara Ridder
- Institute of Organic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Fritz‐Haber‐Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Clemens v. Bojničić‐Kninski
- Institute of Microstructure TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Alexander Nesterov‐Mueller
- Institute of Microstructure TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryJustus‐Liebig University Giessen Heinrich‐Buff‐Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Ute Schepers
- Institute of Toxicology and GeneticsKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann‐von Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Fritz‐Haber‐Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and GeneticsKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann‐von Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Felix F. Loeffler
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Frank Breitling
- Institute of Microstructure TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
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50
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Bader S, Gerbig S, Spengler B, Schwiertz A, Breves G, Diener M. Robustness of the non-neuronal cholinergic system in rat large intestine against luminal challenges. Pflugers Arch 2018; 471:605-618. [PMID: 30506275 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholine and atypical esters of choline such as propionyl- and butyrylcholine are produced by the colonic epithelium and are released when epithelial receptors for short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are stimulated by propionate. It is assumed that the SCFA used by the choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the central enzyme for the production of these choline esters, originate from the colonic lumen, where they are synthesized during the bacterial fermentation of carbohydrates. Therefore, it seemed to be of interest to study whether the non-neuronal cholinergic system in the colonic epithelium is affected by maneuvers intended to stimulate or to inhibit colonic fermentation by changing the intestinal microbiota. In two series of experiments, rats were either fed with a high fiber diet (15.5% (w/v) crude fibers in comparison to 4.6% (w/w) in the control diet) or treated orally with the antibiotic vancomycin. High fiber diet induced an unexpected decrease in the luminal concentration of SCFA in the colon, but an increase in the caecum, suggesting an upregulation of colonic SCFA absorption, whereas vancomycin treatment resulted in the expected strong reduction of SCFA concentration in colon and caecum. MALDI MS analysis revealed a decrease in the colonic content of propionylcholine by high fiber diet and by vancomycin. High fiber diet caused a significant downregulation of ChAT expression on protein and mRNA level. Despite a modest increase in tissue conductance during the high fiber diet, main barrier and transport properties of the epithelium such as basal short-circuit current (Isc), the flux of the paracellularly transported marker, fluorescein, or the Isc induced by epithelial acetylcholine release evoked by propionate remained unaltered. These results suggest a remarkable stability of the non-neuronal cholinergic system in colonic epithelium against changes in the luminal environment underlying its biological importance for intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Bader
- Institute for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gerbig
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Gerhard Breves
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Diener
- Institute for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany. .,Institut für Veterinär-Physiologie und -Biochemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Frankfurter Str. 100, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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