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Tian M, Salmon Y, Lintunen A, Oren R, Hölttä T. Seasonal dynamics and punctuated carbon sink reduction suggest photosynthetic capacity of boreal silver birch is reduced by the accumulation of hexose. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:894-908. [PMID: 38853424 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The 'assimilates inhibition hypothesis' posits that accumulation of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) in leaves reduces leaf net photosynthetic rate, thus internally regulating photosynthesis. Experimental work provides equivocal support mostly under controlled conditions without identifying a particular NSC as involved in the regulation. We combined 3-yr in situ leaf gas exchange observations (natural dynamics) in the upper crown of mature Betula pendula simultaneously with measurements of concentrations of sucrose, hexoses (glucose and fructose), and starch, and similar measurements during several one-day shoot girdling (perturbation dynamics). Leaf water potential and water and nitrogen content were measured to account for their possible contribution to photosynthesis regulation. Leaf photosynthetic capacity (A/Ci) was temporally negatively correlated with NSC accumulation under both natural and perturbation states. For developed leaves, leaf hexose concentration explained A/Ci variation better than environmental variables (temperature history and daylength); the opposite was observed for developing leaves. The weaker correlations between NSCs and A/Ci in developing leaves may reflect their strong internal sink strength for carbohydrates. By contrast, the strong decline in photosynthetic capacity with NSCs accumulation in mature leaves, observed most clearly with hexose, and even more tightly with its constituents, provides support for the role of assimilates in regulating photosynthesis under natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqing Tian
- Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Yann Salmon
- Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, PO Box 64, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Anna Lintunen
- Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, PO Box 64, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Ram Oren
- Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Teemu Hölttä
- Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
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Ren R, Wan Z, Chen H, Zhang Z. The effect of inter-varietal variation in sugar hydrolysis and transport on sugar content and photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera L. leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 189:1-13. [PMID: 36030618 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sugar synthesis from photosynthesis and its utilization through sugar metabolism jointly determine leaf sugar content, and in contrast, excess sugar represses leaf photosynthesis. Although plant photosynthesis is affected by leaf sugar metabolism, the relationship between sugar metabolism and photosynthetic capacity of different grape genotypes remains unclear. In this study, two grape (Vitis vinifera L.) genotypes 'Riesling' (RI, high sugar content in leaf) and 'Petit Manseng' (PM, low sugar content in leaf) were used to evaluate the relationship between sugar metabolism and photosynthesis. Sugar content, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters, enzyme activity, and gene expression related to sucrose metabolism in leaves were measured, and the correlations between photosynthesis and sugar metabolism were assessed. The contents of sucrose and glucose were significantly higher in RI leaves than in PM leaves, while the fructose content pattern was reversed. Cell wall invertase activity for sucrose hydrolysis and the transcript levels of VvCWINV, VvHTs, VvTMT1, VvFKs, and VvHXK2 were also higher in RI leaves than in PM leaves, whereas that of VvHXK1 mediating glucose phosphorylation, was lower in RI leaves than in PM leaves. Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and chlorophyll content were lower in RI leaves than in PM leaves and negatively correlated with glucose content, and the transcript levels of VvCWINV, VvHTs, VvTMT1, and VvHXK2. In conclusion, this study indicates that leaf sugar metabolism and transport are related to photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera L., which provides a theoretical basis for improving grape photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Ren
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Zhuowu Wan
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Huawei Chen
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; China Wine Industry Technology Institute, Room 1606, Zhongguancun Innovation Center, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750021, China.
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Effect of Light Intensity on Morphology, Photosynthesis and Carbon Metabolism of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Seedlings. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131688. [PMID: 35807640 PMCID: PMC9269066 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To understand how light intensity influences plant morphology and photosynthesis in the forage crop alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv. Zhongmu 1), we investigated changes in leaf angle orientation, chlorophyll fluorescence, parameters of photosynthesis and expression of genes related to enzymes involved in photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle and carbon metabolism in alfalfa seedlings exposed to five light intensities (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μmol m−2 s−1) under hydroponic conditions. Seedlings grown under low light intensities had significantly increased plant height, leaf hyponasty, specific leaf area, photosynthetic pigments, leaf nitrogen content and maximal PSII quantum yield, but the increased light-capturing capacity generated a carbon resource cost (e.g., decreased carbohydrates and biomass accumulation). Increased light intensity significantly improved leaf orientation toward the sun and upregulated the genes for Calvin cycle enzymes, thereby increasing photosynthetic capacity. Furthermore, high light (400 and 500 μmol m−2 s−1) significantly enhanced carbohydrate accumulation, accompanied by gene upregulation and increased activity of sucrose and starch-synthesis-related enzymes and those involved in carbon metabolism. Together, these results advance our understanding of morphological and physiological regulation in shade avoidance in alfalfa, which would guide the identification of suitable spatial planting patterns in the agricultural system.
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Lacombe B. Increasing our knowledge on grapevines physiology to increase yield, quality and sustainably. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13664. [PMID: 35474456 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Lacombe
- IPSiM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier Cedex, France
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Buesa I, Escalona JM, Tortosa I, Marín D, Loidi M, Santesteban LG, Douthe C, Medrano H. Intracultivar genetic diversity in grapevine: Water use efficiency variability within cv. Grenache. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:2226-2237. [PMID: 34590323 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The selection of genotypes best adapted to environmental conditions has traditionally focused on agronomic and grape composition parameters. However, to classify the genotypes most adapted to climate change conditions, the aim must be to focus on the ecophysiological responses that will ultimately determine their performance. The variability in water use efficiency of 13 Grenache genotypes over three-seasons was assessed under field conditions at leaf, grape and plant level. Results showed a significant effect of genotype at all three levels, and despite the large interannual variability there was a remarkable consistency among levels. Furthermore, using genotype-specific regressions it was possible to identify significant differences in the intrinsic water use efficiency response of each genotype as a function of the vine water status. The relationship between net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance, as well as carbon isotope discrimination in grapes, were also confirmed as reliable physiological indicators for selecting grapevine genotypes to future environmental conditions. Therefore, the proposed multi-level methodology was useful to quantify the intracultivar variability and the identification of more and less efficient genotypes within Grenache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Buesa
- Department of Biology, Research Group on Plant Biology Under Mediterranean Conditions, University of Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - José M Escalona
- Department of Biology, Research Group on Plant Biology Under Mediterranean Conditions, University of Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
- Agro-Environmental and Water Economics Institute-University of Balearic Islands (INAGEA-UIB), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Ignacio Tortosa
- Department of Biology, Research Group on Plant Biology Under Mediterranean Conditions, University of Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Diana Marín
- Departament of Agronomy, Biotechnology and Food Science, Univ. Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Maite Loidi
- Departament of Agronomy, Biotechnology and Food Science, Univ. Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Luis G Santesteban
- Departament of Agronomy, Biotechnology and Food Science, Univ. Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Cyril Douthe
- Agro-Environmental and Water Economics Institute-University of Balearic Islands (INAGEA-UIB), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Hipólito Medrano
- Department of Biology, Research Group on Plant Biology Under Mediterranean Conditions, University of Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
- Agro-Environmental and Water Economics Institute-University of Balearic Islands (INAGEA-UIB), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
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Walker RP, Bonghi C, Varotto S, Battistelli A, Burbidge CA, Castellarin SD, Chen ZH, Darriet P, Moscatello S, Rienth M, Sweetman C, Famiani F. Sucrose Metabolism and Transport in Grapevines, with Emphasis on Berries and Leaves, and Insights Gained from a Cross-Species Comparison. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7794. [PMID: 34360556 PMCID: PMC8345980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In grapevines, as in other plants, sucrose and its constituents glucose and fructose are fundamentally important and carry out a multitude of roles. The aims of this review are three-fold. First, to provide a summary of the metabolism and transport of sucrose in grapevines, together with new insights and interpretations. Second, to stress the importance of considering the compartmentation of metabolism. Third, to outline the key role of acid invertase in osmoregulation associated with sucrose metabolism and transport in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudio Bonghi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova Agripolis, 35020 Legnaro, Italy;
| | - Serena Varotto
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova Agripolis, 35020 Legnaro, Italy;
| | - Alberto Battistelli
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 05010 Porano, Italy; (A.B.); (S.M.)
| | | | - Simone D. Castellarin
- Wine Research Centre, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 0Z4, Canada;
| | - Zhi-Hui Chen
- College of Life Science, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK;
| | - Philippe Darriet
- Cenologie, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France;
| | - Stefano Moscatello
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 05010 Porano, Italy; (A.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Markus Rienth
- Changins College for Viticulture and Oenology, University of Sciences and Art Western Switzerland, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland;
| | - Crystal Sweetman
- College of Science & Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 5100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia;
| | - Franco Famiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy
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