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Raaj V, Bhardwaj A, Singh PK, Sinha K. Comparative Evaluation and Correlation of Periodontal Status With Inflammatory Markers in Pregnant Women With or Without Chronic Periodontitis: A Clinico-Hematological Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e55868. [PMID: 38595889 PMCID: PMC11002702 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The research delves into the intricate relationship between periodontal health and specific blood biomarkers in pregnant women during their second trimester. It specifically focuses on the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in those suffering from chronic periodontitis compared to healthy controls. Methodology A detailed approach was taken involving 60 pregnant women categorized into two groups based on the presence or absence of chronic periodontitis. Out of 60 pregnant women, 30 had chronic periodontitis, while the other 30 served as controls selected from the regular patient population of the college. The study utilized blood sample analysis and advanced statistical tools for data analysis, ensuring precise and reliable results. Levels of IL-6, LDH, and CRP in those suffering from chronic periodontitis compared to healthy controls were checked. Results The findings revealed a notable variance in IL-6, LDH, and CRP levels between the two groups. Women with chronic periodontitis exhibited significantly higher levels of these biomarkers. The statistical analysis reinforced the validity of these differences, highlighting their significance. Conclusions The study underscored a clear link between higher levels of IL-6, LDH, and CRP and the presence of chronic periodontitis in pregnant women. These biomarkers emerge as potential indicators for early detection and monitoring of periodontal health in this demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhava Raaj
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary (SGT) University, Gurugram, IND
| | - Amit Bhardwaj
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary (SGT) University, Gurugram, IND
| | - Prabhat K Singh
- Department of Periodontology, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Patna, IND
| | - Kajal Sinha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Netaji Subhas Medical College and Hospital, Patna, IND
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Sandra Sari D, Martin M, Maduratna E, Basuki Notobroto H, Mahyudin F, Sudiana K, Ertanti N, Dinaryanti A, Abdul Rantam F. Combination adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells-demineralized dentin matrix increase bone marker expression in periodontitis rats. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:960-968. [PMID: 38107047 PMCID: PMC10724358 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontal disease is common in both developed and developing countries and affects around 20-50% of the global population, especially in adolescents, adults and the elderly is a public health problem. ADMSCs have the advantage of regenerating damaged tissue with high quality. DDM in the form of slices can improve healing in the mandibular sockets of molar teeth. The combination of ADMSC-DDM is expected to accelerate bone regeneration. Objectives To analyze the combination of ADMSCs-DDM at increasing bone marker expression in periodontitis rats. Methods This research is experimental with a randomized control group post-test-only design. A total of 50 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: 1) normal group (K); 2) CP model (K + ); 3) CP model and treated with DDM scaffold therapy (K(s)); 4) CP model and treated with ADMSCs-DDM combination therapy (K(sc)). Making a CP model with injected LPS P. gingivalis into interproximal gingiva of the right first and second lower molars. The in vivo research stage was the implantation of the DDM scaffold and the ADMSCs-DDM combination in the rat periodontal pocket. Rats were euthanized on days 7, 14, and 28, and immunohistochemistry of STRO-1, RUNX-2, OSX, COL-I, and OCN was performed. DDM scaffolds are made in 10%, 50% and 100% concentrations for MTT testing. Statistical results were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results The results of the MTT scaffold DDM were significant in the 10%, 50%, and 100% dilution groups (p < 0.05). The results showed there was a substantial difference in the expression of STRO-1 between the study groups (p < 0.05). The (K(sc)) was significantly higher than the (K) in RUNX-2 expression (p < 0.05). OSX expression showed significant results between study groups (p < 0.05). The expression of OCN and COL-I showed a significant difference in all study groups on day 28, where the (K(sc)) was higher than the (K) (p < 0.05). Conclusions Administration of the ADMSCs-DDM combination can accelerate alveolar bone regeneration on day 28. There is a mechanism of alveolar bone regeneration through the STRO-1, RUNX-2, OSX, and the COL-I pathway in periodontitis models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desi Sandra Sari
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia
| | - Millenieo Martin
- Graduated Student, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia
| | - Ernie Maduratna
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Hari Basuki Notobroto
- Department of Biostatistics and Demography, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Ferdiansyah Mahyudin
- Department of Orthopaedic & Traumatology, Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
- Stem Cells Research and Development Center, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Ketut Sudiana
- Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Nora Ertanti
- Stem Cells Research and Development Center, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Aristika Dinaryanti
- Stem Cells Research and Development Center, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Fedik Abdul Rantam
- Stem Cells Research and Development Center, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
- Department of Virology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
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Cabaña-Muñoz ME, Pelaz Fernández MJ, Parmigiani-Cabaña JM, Parmigiani-Izquierdo JM, Merino JJ. Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Oral Cavity and Surrounding Areas: Types and Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2109. [PMID: 37631323 PMCID: PMC10459416 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells are those obtained from the conformation of dental structures (DMSC), such as deciduous and permanent teeth and other surrounding tissues. Background: The self-renewal and differentiation capacities of these adult stem cells allow for great clinical potential. Because DMSC are cells of ectomesenchymal origin, they reveal a high capacity for complete regeneration of dental pulp, periodontal tissue, and other biomedical applications; their differentiation into other types of cells promotes repair in muscle tissue, cardiac, pancreatic, nervous, bone, cartilage, skin, and corneal tissues, among others, with a high predictability of success. Therefore, stem and progenitor cells, with their exosomes of dental origin and surrounding areas in the oral cavity due to their plasticity, are considered a fundamental pillar in medicine and regenerative dentistry. Tissue engineering (MSCs, scaffolds, and bioactive molecules) sustains and induces its multipotent and immunomodulatory effects. It is of vital importance to guarantee the safety and efficacy of the procedures designed for patients, and for this purpose, more clinical trials are needed to increase the efficacy of several pathologies. Conclusion: From a bioethical and transcendental anthropological point of view, the human person as a unique being facilitates better clinical and personalized therapy, given the higher prevalence of dental and chronic systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Cabaña-Muñoz
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José María Parmigiani-Cabaña
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José Joaquín Merino
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (U.C.M), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Mélou C, Pellen-Mussi P, Novello S, Brézulier D, Novella A, Tricot S, Bellaud P, Chauvel-Lebret D. Spheroid Culture System, a Promising Method for Chondrogenic Differentiation of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051314. [PMID: 37238984 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to develop a three-dimensional culture model to evaluate, in a short period of time, cartilage tissue engineering protocols. The spheroids were compared with the gold standard pellet culture. The dental mesenchymal stem cell lines were from pulp and periodontal ligament. The evaluation used RT-qPCR and Alcian Blue staining of the cartilage matrix. This study showed that the spheroid model allowed for obtaining greater fluctuations of the chondrogenesis markers than for the pellet one. The two cell lines, although originating from the same organ, led to different biological responses. Finally, biological changes were detectable for short periods of time. In summary, this work demonstrated that the spheroid model is a valuable tool for studying chondrogenesis and the mechanisms of osteoarthritis, and evaluating cartilage tissue engineering protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Mélou
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
- Pôle d'Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France
- UFR Odontologie, University of Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Pellen-Mussi
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Solen Novello
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
- Pôle d'Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France
- UFR Odontologie, University of Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Damien Brézulier
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
- Pôle d'Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Agnès Novella
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Tricot
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Pascale Bellaud
- CNRS, Inserm UMS Biosit, France BioImaging, Core Facility H2P2, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Chauvel-Lebret
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
- Pôle d'Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France
- UFR Odontologie, University of Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France
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Pinkhasov I, Kabakov L, Nemcovsky CE, Weinreb M, Schlesinger P, Bender O, Gal M, Bar DZ, Weinberg E. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of oral masticatory and lining mucosa-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:807-818. [PMID: 36864739 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To reveal the heterogeneity of ex vivo-cultured human mesenchymal stromal cells derived from either masticatory or lining oral mucosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cells were retrieved from the lamina propria of the hard palate and alveolar mucosa of three individuals. The analysis of transcriptomic-level differences was accomplished using single-cell RNA sequencing. RESULTS Cluster analysis clearly distinguished between cells from the masticatory and lining oral mucosa, and revealed 11 distinct cell sub-populations, annotated as fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells or mesenchymal stem cells. Interestingly, cells presenting a mesenchymal stem cell-like gene expression pattern were predominantly found in masticatory mucosa. Although cells of masticatory mucosa origin were highly enriched for biological processes associated with wound healing, those from the lining oral mucosa were highly enriched for biological processes associated with the regulation of epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Our previous work had shown that cells from the lining and masticatory oral mucosae are phenotypically heterogeneous. Here, we extend these findings to show that these changes are not the result of differences in averages but rather represent two distinct cell populations, with mesenchymal stem cells more common in masticatory mucosa. These features may contribute to specific physiological functions and have relevance for potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilan Pinkhasov
- Department of Oral Biology, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Liron Kabakov
- Department of Oral Biology, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Carlos E Nemcovsky
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Miron Weinreb
- Department of Oral Biology, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Pnina Schlesinger
- Department of Oral Biology, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Omer Bender
- Department of Oral Biology, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maayan Gal
- Department of Oral Biology, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel Z Bar
- Department of Oral Biology, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Evgeny Weinberg
- Department of Oral Biology, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Mendoza AH, Balzarini D, Alves T, Rovai ES, Holzhausen M. Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheets on Periodontal Regeneration: A Systematic Review of Pre-Clinical Studies. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 18:958-978. [PMID: 35794765 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220706092520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell sheet technique using mesenchymal stem cells is a high-level strategy in periodontal regenerative medicine. Although recent studies have shown the role of MSCSs in increased dental supporting tissues and bone, there is no systematic review focused specifically on assessing periodontal regeneration in orthotopic animal models. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential of mesenchymal stem cell sheets (MSCSs) on periodontal regeneration, compared to control, in experimental animal models Methods: Pre-clinical studies in periodontal defects of animal models were considered eligible. The electronic search included the MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE and LILACS databases. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement guidelines. RESULTS A total of 17 of the 3989 studies obtained from the electronic database search were included. MSCSs included dental follicle (DF) MSCSs, periodontal ligament (PL) MSCSs, dental pulp (DP) MSCSs, bone marrow (BM) MSCSs, alveolar periosteal (AP) MSCSs and gingival (G) MSCSs. Regarding cell sheet inducing protocol, most of the studies used ascorbic acid (52.94%). Others used culture dishes grafted with a temperature-responsive polymer (47.06%). Adverse effects were not identified in the majority of studies. Meta-analysis was not considered because of methodological heterogeneities. PDL-MSCSs were superior for periodontal regeneration enhancement compared to the control, but in an induced inflammatory microenvironment, DF-MSCSs were better. Moreover, DF-MSCSs, DP-MSCSs, and BM-MSCSs showed improved results compared to the control. CONCLUSION MSCSs can improve periodontal regeneration in animal periodontal defect models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldrin Huamán Mendoza
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Danilo Balzarini
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tomaz Alves
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Emanuel S Rovai
- Division of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Taubaté, Rua dos Operários, 09, Centro, Taubaté, SP, Brazil
| | - Marinella Holzhausen
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Barreiro BOB, Koth VS, Sesterheim P, Salum FG, Rübensam G, Augustin AH, Cherubini K. Autogenous dentin combined with mesenchymal stromal cells as an alternative alveolar bone graft: an in vivo study. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 27:1907-1922. [PMID: 36574044 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04840-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Considering the chemical and structural properties of dentin, this study was aimed at evaluating the effect of dentin matrix alone or combined with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) on postextraction alveolar bone regeneration. MATERIAL AND METHODS Wistar rats were subjected to tooth extraction with osteotomy and allocated into groups according to the graft inserted: (1) Gelita-Spon®, (2) Bio-Oss®, (3) Dentin, (4) MSC, (5) Dentin/MSC, and (6) Control. Maxillae were analyzed by means of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis, microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Serum levels of calcium and phosphorus were quantified. RESULTS The Bio-Oss group showed less bone than Gelita-Spon and Dentin/MSC; no other significant differences were seen in H&E analysis. The Bio-Oss group showed higher expression of collagen type I compared to the Dentin and Dentin/MSC groups and also higher osteocalcin expression than the Dentin/MSC group. There was a tendency of higher expression of osteopontin in the MSC, Dentin, and Dentin/MSC groups and higher VEGF in the MSC group. On micro-CT analysis, the Bio-Oss and the Dentin/MSC groups exhibited greater bone volume than the Control. Serum calcium and phosphorus levels did not significantly differ between the groups. SEM analysis depicted particles of Bio-Oss and dentin in the respective groups, as well as significant cellularity in the MSC group. CONCLUSION Autogenous nondemineralized dentin is an alternative for alveolar bone grafting, which can be improved by combination with MSC. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This work provides support for the clinical applicability of dentin graft alone or combined with MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Ottoni Braga Barreiro
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Valesca Sander Koth
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Sesterheim
- Experimental Cardiology Center, Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Gonçalves Salum
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Rübensam
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Research Center (INTOX), School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adolpho Herbert Augustin
- Institute of Petroleum and Natural Resources (IPR), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karen Cherubini
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Serviço de Estomatologia, Hospital São Lucas PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6690 Sala 231, Bairro Jardim Botânico, CEP: 90.610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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The role of noncoding RNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament-derived cells. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 8:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Exploring the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory and Hypoxia-Related MicroRNA-20a, MicroRNA-30e, and MicroRNA-93 in Periodontitis and Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells under Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810310. [PMID: 36142220 PMCID: PMC9499533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia associated with inflammation are common hallmarks observed in several diseases, and it plays a major role in the expression of non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs). In addition, the miRNA target genes for hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and nuclear factor of activated T cells-5 (NFAT5) modulate the adaptation to hypoxia. The objective of the present study was to explore hypoxia-related miRNA target genes for HIF-1α and NFAT5, as well as miRNA-20a, miRNA-30e, and miRNA-93 expression in periodontitis versus healthy gingival tissues and gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) cultured under hypoxic conditions. Thus, a case-control study was conducted, including healthy and periodontitis subjects. Clinical data and gingival tissue biopsies were collected to analyze the expression of miRNA-20a, miRNA-30e, miRNA-93, HIF-1α, and NFAT5 by qRT-PCR. Subsequently, GMSCs were isolated and cultured under hypoxic conditions (1% O2) to explore the expression of the HIF-1α, NFAT5, and miRNAs. The results showed a significant upregulation of miRNA-20a (p = 0.028), miRNA-30e (p = 0.035), and miRNA-93 (p = 0.026) in periodontitis tissues compared to healthy gingival biopsies. NFAT5 mRNA was downregulated in periodontitis tissues (p = 0.037), but HIF-1α was not affected (p = 0.60). Interestingly, hypoxic GMSCs upregulated the expression of miRNA-20a and HIF-1α, but they downregulated miRNA-93e. In addition, NFAT5 mRNA expression was not affected in hypoxic GMSCs. In conclusion, in periodontitis patients, the expression of miRNA-20a, miRNA-30e, and miRNA-93 increased, but a decreased expression of NFAT5 mRNA was detected. In addition, GMSCs under hypoxic conditions upregulate the HIF-1α and increase miRNA-20a (p = 0.049) expression. This study explores the role of inflammatory and hypoxia-related miRNAs and their target genes in periodontitis and GMSCs. It is crucial to determine the potential therapeutic target of these miRNAs and hypoxia during the periodontal immune–inflammatory response, which should be analyzed in greater depth in future studies.
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Vafaei S, Mansoori M, hashemi F, Basiri M. Exosome Odyssey to Original Line in Dental Regeneration. J Oral Biosci 2022; 64:271-278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Fonticoli L, Della Rocca Y, Rajan TS, Murmura G, Trubiani O, Oliva S, Pizzicannella J, Marconi GD, Diomede F. A Narrative Review: Gingival Stem Cells as a Limitless Reservoir for Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084135. [PMID: 35456951 PMCID: PMC9024914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gingival tissue can be collected in an easy way and represent an accessible source to isolate gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). GMSCs are a subpopulation of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells that show the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) features, such as differentiation abilities and immunomodulatory properties. Dental-derived stem cells are also expandable in vitro with genomic stability and the possibility to maintain the stemness properties over a prolonged period of passages. Moreover, several preclinical studies have documented that the extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from GMSCs possess similar biological functions and therapeutic effects. The EVs may represent a promising tool in the cell-free regenerative therapy approach. The present review paper summarized the GMSCs, their multi-lineage differentiation capacities, immunomodulatory features, and the potential use in the treatment of several diseases in order to stimulate tissue regeneration. GMSCs should be considered a good stem cell source for potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigia Fonticoli
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ylenia Della Rocca
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Murmura
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Oliva
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Guya Diletta Marconi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Saskianti T, Nugraha AP, Prahasanti C, Ernawati DS, Tanimoto K, Riawan W, Kanawa M, Kawamoto T, Fujimoto K. Study of Alveolar Bone Remodeling Using Deciduous Tooth Stem Cells and Hydroxyapatite by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Enhancement and Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 Expression in vivo. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2022; 14:71-78. [PMID: 35355803 PMCID: PMC8959620 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s354153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis progression is characterized by alveolar bone loss, and its prevention is a major clinical problem in periodontal disease management. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) has been shown to adequately monitor the treatment of chronic periodontitis patients as gingival crevicular fluid MMP-8s were positively associated with the severity of periodontal disease. Moreover, modulating the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in bones could be a good way to improve bone regeneration and cure periodontitis as VEGF promotes endothelial cell proliferation, proteolytic enzyme release, chemotaxis, and migration; all of which are required for angiogenesis. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hydroxyapatite incorporated with stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in Wistar rats’ initial alveolar bone remodeling based on the findings of MMP-8 and VEGF expressions. Methods A hydroxyapatite scaffold (HAS) in conjunction with SHED was transplanted into animal models with alveolar mandibular defects. A total of 10 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into two groups: HAS and HAS + SHED. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed after 7 days to facilitate the examination of MMP-8 and VEGF expressions. Results The independent t-test found significant downregulation of MMP-8 and upregulation VEGF expressions in groups transplanted with HAS in conjunction with SHED compared with the HAS group (p < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of SHED with HAS on alveolar bone defects may contribute to initial alveolar bone remodeling as evident through the assessments of MMP-8 and VEGF expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Saskianti
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Alexander Patera Nugraha
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Chiquita Prahasanti
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Diah Savitri Ernawati
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Kotaro Tanimoto
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Wibi Riawan
- Biomolecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Masami Kanawa
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamoto
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Writing Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Katsumi Fujimoto
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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13
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Kumar BM, Rao S, Talwar A, Shetty V. Minimal influence of chronic inflammation on the potency and differentiation characteristics of gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells-An in vitro study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2021; 25:379-385. [PMID: 34667379 PMCID: PMC8452161 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_410_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) have been identified and characterized from healthy tissues. However, reports on the influence of chronic inflammation on their stemness characteristics are sparse. The present study evaluated the potency and differentiation ability of GMSCs from periodontally healthy GMSC (H-GMSC) and inflamed GMSC (I-GMSC) tissues. Materials and Methods: Established H-GMSCs and I-GMSCs were evaluated on their potency characteristics, such as morphology, viability, proliferation rate, population doubling time, colony-forming ability, expression of stemness markers, and mesenchymal differentiation potential. Results: H-GMSCs and I-GMSCs exhibited fibroblast-like morphology and showed >95% viability with high proliferation potential and shorter doubling time. H-GMSCs showed fewer and smaller colonies, whereas I-GMSCs exhibited multiple and larger colonies. The evaluation of stemness markers revealed that both H-GMSCs and I-GMSCs were weakly positive for stage-specific embryonic antigen-4, Stro1, and CD105 (Endoglin), strongly positive for CD73 and CD90, and negative for the hematopoietic cell markers, CD34 and CD45. H-GMSCs showed a slightly higher osteogenic potential when compared to I-GMSCs, while I-GMSCs had a higher adipogenic potential than H-GMSCs. Conclusion: The findings showed that the inflammatory environment might have a stimulatory effect on the growth kinetics and ability of colony formation in GMSCs. However, varied osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation was observed between H-GMSCs and I-GMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basavarajappa Mohana Kumar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shama Rao
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Avaneendra Talwar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), A. B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Department of Periodontics, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Veena Shetty
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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14
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Age-Related Musculoskeletal Frailty. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910542. [PMID: 34638883 PMCID: PMC8508885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Projected life expectancy continues to grow worldwide owing to the advancement of new treatments and technologies leading to rapid growth of geriatric population. Thus, age-associated diseases especially in the musculoskeletal system are becoming more common. Loss of bone (osteoporosis) and muscle (sarcopenia) mass are conditions whose prevalence is increasing because of the change in population distribution in the world towards an older mean age. The deterioration in the bone and muscle functions can cause severe disability and seriously affects the patients’ quality of life. Currently, there is no treatment to prevent and reverse age-related musculoskeletal frailty. Existing interventions are mainly to slow down and control the signs and symptoms. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is a promising approach to attenuate age-related musculoskeletal frailty. This review compiles the present knowledge of the causes and changes of the musculoskeletal frailty and the potential of MSC transplantation as a regenerative therapy for age-related musculoskeletal frailty.
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15
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Oral Cavity as a Source of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Useful for Regenerative Medicine in Dentistry. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091085. [PMID: 34572271 PMCID: PMC8469189 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for regenerative purposes has become common in a large variety of diseases. In the dental and maxillofacial field, there are emerging clinical needs that could benefit from MSC-based therapeutic approaches. Even though MSCs can be isolated from different tissues, such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, etc., and are known for their multilineage differentiation, their different anatomical origin can affect the capability to differentiate into a specific tissue. For instance, MSCs isolated from the oral cavity might be more effective than adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) for the treatment of dental defects. Indeed, in the oral cavity, there are different sources of MSCs that have been individually proposed as promising candidates for tissue engineering protocols. The therapeutic strategy based on MSCs can be direct, by using cells as components of the tissue to be regenerated, or indirect, aimed at delivering local growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines produced by the MSCs. Here, the authors outline the major sources of mesenchymal stem cells attainable from the oral cavity and discuss their possible usage in some of the most compelling therapeutic frontiers, such as periodontal disease and dental pulp regeneration.
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16
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Sanz JL, Guerrero-Gironés J, Pecci-Lloret MP, Pecci-Lloret MR, Melo M. Biological interactions between calcium silicate-based endodontic biomaterials and periodontal ligament stem cells: A systematic review of in vitro studies. Int Endod J 2021; 54:2025-2043. [PMID: 34338339 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most recently, the biological interactions, that is cytocompatibility, cell differentiation and mineralization potential, between calcium silicate-based biomaterials and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) have been studied at an in vitro level, in order to predict their clinical behaviour during endodontic procedures involving direct contact with periodontal tissues, namely root canal treatment, endodontic surgery and regenerative endodontic treatment. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present systematic review was to present a qualitative synthesis of available in vitro studies assessing the biological interaction of PDLSCs and calcium silicate-based biomaterials. METHODOLOGY The present review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. An advanced database search was performed in Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and SciELO on 1 July 2020 and last updated on 22 April 2021. Studies assessing the biological interactions of PDLSCs with calcium silicate-based sealers (CSSs) and/or cements (CSCs) at an in vitro level were considered for inclusion. The evaluation of the 'biological interaction' was defined as any assay or test on the cytotoxicity, cytocompatibility, cell plasticity or differentiation potential, and bioactive properties of PDLSCs cultured in CSC or CSS-conditioned media. Quality (risk of bias) was assessed using a modified CONSORT checklist for in vitro studies of dental materials. RESULTS A total of 20 studies were included for the qualitative synthesis. CSCs and CSSs, as a group of endodontic materials, exhibit adequate cytocompatibility and favour the osteo/cementogenic differentiation and mineralization potential of PDLSCs, as evidenced from the in vitro studies included in the present systematic review. DISCUSSION The influence of the compositional differences, inclusion of additives, sample preparation, and varying conditions and manipulations on the biological properties of calcium silicate-based materials remain a subject for future research. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of the in vitro nature of the included studies, this work supports the potential use of calcium silicate-based endodontic materials in stem cell therapy and biologically based regenerative endodontic procedures. REGISTRATION OSF Registries; https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SQ9UY.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Sanz
- Departament d'Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Guerrero-Gironés
- Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María P Pecci-Lloret
- Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel R Pecci-Lloret
- Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Melo
- Departament d'Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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17
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Parisi L, Knapp PO, Girousi E, Rihs S, La Scala GC, Schnyder I, Stähli A, Sculean A, Bosshardt DD, Katsaros C, Degen M. A Living Cell Repository of the Cranio-/Orofacial Region to Advance Research and Promote Personalized Medicine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:682944. [PMID: 34179013 PMCID: PMC8222786 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.682944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns is estimated to be as high as 6%, many of which involving the cranio-/orofacial region. Such malformations, including several syndromes, are usually identified prenatally, at birth, or rarely later in life. The lack of clinically relevant human cell models of these often very rare conditions, the societal pressure to avoid the use of animal models and the fact that the biological mechanisms between rodents and human are not necessarily identical, makes studying cranio-/orofacial anomalies challenging. To overcome these limitations, we are developing a living cell repository of healthy and diseased cells derived from the cranio-/orofacial region. Ultimately, we aim to make patient-derived cells, which retain the molecular and genetic characteristics of the original anomaly or disease in vitro, available for the scientific community. We report our efforts in establishing a human living cell bank derived from the cranio-/orofacial region of otherwise discarded tissue samples, detail our strategy, processes and quality checks. Such specific cell models have a great potential for discovery and translational research and might lead to a better understanding and management of craniofacial anomalies for the benefit of all affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Parisi
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick O Knapp
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eleftheria Girousi
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Rihs
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio C La Scala
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Schnyder
- University Clinic for Pediatric Surgery, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dieter D Bosshardt
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, Dental Research Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christos Katsaros
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Degen
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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18
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Effect of Inducible BMP-7 Expression on the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126182. [PMID: 34201124 PMCID: PMC8229115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BMP-7 has shown inductive potential for in vitro osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, which are an ideal resource for regenerative medicine. Externally applied, recombinant BMP-7 was able to induce the osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs but based on our previous results with BMP-2, we aimed to study the effect of the tetracyclin-inducible BMP-7 expression on these cells. DPSC, mock, and DPSC-BMP-7 cell lines were cultured in the presence or absence of doxycycline, then alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization, and mRNA levels of different osteogenic marker genes were measured. In the DPSC-BMP-7 cell line, the level of BMP-7 mRNA significantly increased in the media supplemented with doxycycline, however, the expression of Runx2 and noggin genes was upregulated only after 21 days of incubation in the osteogenic medium with doxycycline. Moreover, while the examination of ALP activity showed reduced activity in the control medium containing doxycycline, the accumulation of minerals remained unchanged in the cultures. We have found that the induced BMP-7 expression failed to induce osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs. We propose three different mechanisms that may worth investigating for the engineering of expression systems that can be used for the induction of differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.
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19
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Fagalde P, Reininger D. Oral tissues regeneration using intraoral mesenchymal stem cells. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e268-e277. [PMID: 33680329 PMCID: PMC7920558 DOI: 10.4317/jced.56810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral pathologies or some treatments can cause facial and functional alterations, being fundament to retrieve those functions restoring the original anatomy of the lost tissues. On this purpose, various techniques have been studied, one of these was the tissue engineering. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent adult stem cells. The MSC in the oral cavity have been striking for regenerative therapies by its high plasticity, good interaction with scaffolds and growth factors, good proliferation and differentiation, they are also easy to obtain. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the current uses of the intraoral MSC for the regeneration of the tissues of the oral cavity.
Material and Methods An electronic research was made in the databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus and EBSCO between 2000 to 2018.
Results 21 articles were included. 13 were studies in vivo and 8 were studies in humans. The site mostly used as a giver site was the dental pulp. Intraoral MSC are able to regenerate the pulp dentin complex, alveolar bone and periodontium.
Conclusions Intraoral MSC come from easy access areas, less traumatic interventions and have high potential to regenerate intraoral tissues in comparison to MSC from other sites of the body which allows a more predictable oral tissues regeneration. Key words:Oral stem cells, oral cavity, regeneration, tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Reininger
- DDS, PhD, Master in Oral Surgery and Implantology, Assistant professor, Universidad Mayor, Chile
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20
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Villarroel V, Fagalde P, Reininger D. Potential therapeutic uses of intraoral mesenchymal stem cells in other tissues of the body: A review. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e259-e267. [PMID: 33680328 PMCID: PMC7920563 DOI: 10.4317/jced.56809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Over the last few years, there has been a great advance in regenerative medicine, with various studies that have observed the ability to repair or regenerate dysfunctional tissues with the patient's own cells, such as with mesenchymal cells. In this area, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the oral cavity have attracted attention because of their easy access and multiple cellular differentiations. Multiple studies have shown the various clinical applications at the intraoral level, especially at the level of bone regeneration, but the potential applications of oral MSC at a systemic level have been scarcely described. Objective: The objective of this review was to describe the potential therapeutic uses of intraoral MSCs in other tissues of the organism. Material and Methods A review of the literature between 2000 and 2019. Only included those studies done on animals or humans. Results Twenty five articles were selected, all performed on animals. The donor site most used were the temporary teeth exfoliated from humans, representing 56% of the total articles, followed by the dental pulp with 28% of the total articles included. Transplantation of intraoral mesenchymal cells in animals with neural tissue illness was the most studied therapy. Conclusions Although obtaining MSC of intraoral origin has proven to be a good alternative in regenerative medicine, achieving therapeutic uses in bone tissue, nervous tissue, liver tissue, skin tissue, ocular tissue, reperfusion of tissues and in autoimmune diseases, there is a lack of clinical studies that allow its safe use in humans. Key words:Mesenchymal stem cells, stem cell transplantation, regenerative medicine, dental component.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Reininger
- DDS, PhD, Master in Oral Surgery and Implantology, Assistant Professor, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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21
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Ascorbic Acid: A New Player of Epigenetic Regulation in LPS- gingivalis Treated Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6679708. [PMID: 33542783 PMCID: PMC7840256 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6679708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is usually sustained from microorganism of oral cavity, like Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). Periodontal disease is an infectious disease that afflicts a large number of people. Researches are investigating on the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) response to inflammatory events in combination with antioxidant substances. In particular, ascorbic acid (AA) increased cell proliferation, upregulated the cells pluripotency marker expression, provide a protection from inflammation, and induced the regeneration of periodontal ligament tissue. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effects of AA in primary culture of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) exposed to P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS-G). The effect of AA on hPDLSCs exposed to LPS-G was determined through the cell proliferation assay. The molecules involved in the inflammatory pathway and epigenetic regulation have been identified using immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses. miR-210 level was quantified by qRT-PCR, and the ROS generation was finally studied. Cells co-treated with LPS-G and AA showed a restoration in terms of cell proliferation. The expression of NFκB, MyD88, and p300 was upregulated in LPS-G exposed cells, while the expression was attenuated in the co-treatment with AA. DNMT1 expression is attenuated in the cells exposed to the inflammatory stimulus. The level of miR-210 was reduced in stimulated cells, while the expression was evident in the hPDLSCs co-treated with LPS-G and AA. In conclusion, the AA could enhance a protective effect in in vitro periodontitis model, downregulating the inflammatory pathway and ROS generation and modulating the miR-210 level.
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22
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Li Q, Yang G, Li J, Ding M, Zhou N, Dong H, Mou Y. Stem cell therapies for periodontal tissue regeneration: a network meta-analysis of preclinical studies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:427. [PMID: 33008471 PMCID: PMC7531120 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01938-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontal tissue regeneration (PTR) is the ultimate goal of periodontal therapy. Currently, stem cell therapy is considered a promising strategy for achieving PTR. However, there is still no conclusive comparison that distinguishes clear hierarchies among different kinds of stem cells. Methods A systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed using MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, and Web of Science up to February 2020. Preclinical studies assessing five types of stem cells for PTR were included; the five types of stem cells included periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (PDLSCs), bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs), adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), dental pulp-derived stem cells (DPSCs), and gingival-derived stem cells (GMSCs). The primary outcomes were three histological indicators with continuous variables: newly formed alveolar bone (NB), newly formed cementum (NC), and newly formed periodontal ligament (NPDL). We performed pairwise meta-analyses using a random-effects model and then performed a random-effects NMA using a multivariate meta-analysis model. Results Sixty preclinical studies assessing five different stem cell-based therapies were identified. The NMA showed that in terms of NB, PDLSCs (standardized mean difference 1.87, 95% credible interval 1.24 to 2.51), BMSCs (1.88, 1.17 to 2.59), and DPSCs (1.69, 0.64 to 2.75) were statistically more efficacious than cell carriers (CCs). In addition, PDLSCs were superior to GMSCs (1.49, 0.04 to 2.94). For NC, PDLSCs (2.18, 1.48 to 2.87), BMSCs (2.11, 1.28 to 2.94), and ADSCs (1.55, 0.18 to 2.91) were superior to CCs. For NPDL, PDLSCs (1.69, 0.92 to 2.47) and BMSCs (1.41, 0.56 to 2.26) were more efficacious than CCs, and PDLSCs (1.26, 0.11 to 2.42) were superior to GMSCs. The results of treatment hierarchies also demonstrated that the two highest-ranked interventions were PDLSCs and BMSCs. Conclusion PDLSCs and BMSCs were the most effective and well-documented stem cells for PTR among the five kinds of stem cells evaluated in this study, and there was no statistical significance between them. To translate the stem cell therapies for PTR successfully in the clinic, future studies should utilize robust experimental designs and reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangwen Yang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jialing Li
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Zhou
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Dong
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. .,Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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23
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Shang F, Yu Y, Liu S, Ming L, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Zhao J, Jin Y. Advancing application of mesenchymal stem cell-based bone tissue regeneration. Bioact Mater 2020; 6:666-683. [PMID: 33005830 PMCID: PMC7509590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of bone defects, especially the critical-sized defects, with mechanical integrity to the skeleton is important for a patient's rehabilitation, however, it still remains challenge. Utilizing biomaterials of human origin bone tissue for therapeutic purposes has provided a facilitated approach that closely mimics the critical aspects of natural bone tissue with regard to its properties. However, not only efficacious and safe but also cost-effective and convenient are important for regenerative biomaterials to achieve clinical translation and commercial success. Advances in our understanding of regenerative biomaterials and their roles in new bone formation potentially opened a new frontier in the fast-growing field of regenerative medicine. Taking inspiration from the role and multicomponent construction of native extracellular matrix (ECM) for cell accommodation, the ECM-mimicking biomaterials and the naturally decellularized ECM scaffolds were used to create new tissues for bone restoration. On the other hand, with the going deep in understanding of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), they have shown great promise to jumpstart and facilitate bone healing even in diseased microenvironments with pharmacology-based endogenous MSCs rescue/mobilization, systemic/local infusion of MSCs for cytotherapy, biomaterials-based approaches, cell-sheets/-aggregates technology and usage of subcellular vesicles of MSCs to achieve scaffolds-free or cell-free delivery system, all of them have been shown can improve MSCs-mediated regeneration in preclinical studies and several clinical trials. Here, following an overview discussed autogenous/allogenic and ECM-based bone biomaterials for reconstructive surgery and applications of MSCs-mediated bone healing and tissue engineering to further offer principles and effective strategies to optimize MSCs-based bone regeneration. Focusing on MSCs based bone regeneration. Discussed cytotherapy, cell-free therapies and cell-aggregates technology in detail. Stating the approaches of MSCs in diseased microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqing Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research, Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Stomatology, The 306th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research, Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Leiguo Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research, Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research, Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Zhifei Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Tibetan Military Command, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Jiayu Zhao
- Bureau of Service for Veteran Cadres of PLA in Beijing, Beijing, 100001, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research, Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Corresponding author.
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Qi L, Liu L, Hu Y, Li J, Li J, Cao N, Zhu F, Shi C, Zhang L. Concentrated growth factor promotes gingival regeneration through the AKT/Wnt/β-catenin and YAP signaling pathways. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 48:920-932. [PMID: 32496895 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2020.1773482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Although concentrated growth factor (CGF) is known to promote gingival regeneration and improve the outcomes of clinical treatment, the mechanisms underlying its effects remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the effects of CGF on gingival thickening. To this end, gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) were treated with different concentrations of CGF, and the effects of CGF on cell proliferation and migration; collagen-1 (Col-1), fibronectin (FN), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) expression; and the AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, and Yes-associated protein (YAP) signalling pathways were investigated. The effects of CGF in vivo were also investigated in a rat buccal gingival injection model. GMSCs cultured with CGF showed improved cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, CGF treatment improved the levels of FN, Col-1, VEGF, and ANG-1. These effects of CGF were mediated by the AKT/Wnt and YAP pathways, with the AKT pathway possibly functioning upstream of the Wnt/β-catenin and YAP pathways. YAP was also shown to be overexpressed in the in vivo model. Thus, CGF can promote gingival regeneration, and YAP transport into the nucleus may be a key factor underlying this activity, which provides a novel perspective for gingival regeneration and further promotion of the clinical application of CGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qi
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningning Cao
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangxing Zhu
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoji Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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25
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Wen JH, Wu YM, Chen LL. [Functions of non-coding RNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament-derived cells]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2020; 38:330-337. [PMID: 32573144 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2020.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament-derived cells serve as an important source of seeding cells in periodontal regenerative medicine, and their osteogenic potential is closely related to alveolar bone repair and periodontal regeneration. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA), such as microRNA, long non-coding RNA, and circular RNA, play important roles in the regu-lation of osteogenic genes in human periodontal ligament-derived cells. In this review, we summarize the target genes, path-ways, and functions of the ncRNA network during osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament-derived cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Wen
- Dept. of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yan-Min Wu
- Dept. of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Li-Li Chen
- Dept. of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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26
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VEGF/VEGF-R/RUNX2 Upregulation in Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Seeded on Dual Acid Etched Titanium Disk. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13030706. [PMID: 32033260 PMCID: PMC7040902 DOI: 10.3390/ma13030706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In restorative dentistry, the main implants characteristic is the ability to promote the osseointegration process as the result of interaction between angiogenesis and osteogenesis events. On the other hand, implants cytocompatibility remains a necessary feature for the success of surgery. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the interaction between human periodontal stem cells and two different types of titanium surfaces, to verify their cytocompatibility and cell adhesion ability, and to detect osteogenic and angiogenic markers, trough cell viability assay (MTT), Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and gene expression (RT-PCR). The titanium surfaces, machined (CTRL) and dual acid etched (TEST), tested in culture with human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs), were previously treated in two different ways, in order to evaluate the effects of CTRL and TEST and define the best implant surface. Furthermore, the average surface roughness (Ra) of both titanium surfaces, CTRL and TEST, has been assessed through atomic force microscopy (AFM). The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) expressions have been analyzed by RT-PCR, WB analysis, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Data evidenced that the different morphology and topography of the TEST disk increased cell growth, cell adhesion, improved osteogenic and angiogenic events, as well osseointegration process. For this reason, the TEST surface was more biocompatible than the CTRL disk surface.
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27
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Berebichez-Fridman R, Montero-Olvera PR. Sources and Clinical Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: State-of-the-art review. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2018; 18:e264-e277. [PMID: 30607265 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2018.18.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
First discovered by Friedenstein in 1976, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells found throughout the body that share a fixed set of characteristics. Discovered initially in the bone marrow, this cell source is considered the gold standard for clinical research, although various other sources-including adipose tissue, dental pulp, mobilised peripheral blood and birth-derived tissues-have since been identified. Although similar, MSCs derived from different sources possess distinct characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, including their differentiation potential and proliferation capacity, which influence their applicability. Hence, they may be used for specific clinical applications in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. This review article summarises current knowledge regarding the various sources, characteristics and therapeutic applications of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Berebichez-Fridman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, American British Cowdray Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico.,Tissue Engineering, Cell Therapy & Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pablo R Montero-Olvera
- Tissue Engineering, Cell Therapy & Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Mexico City, Mexico
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28
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Liu X, Du M, Wang Y, Liu S, Liu X. BMP9 overexpressing adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote cartilage repair in osteoarthritis-affected knee joint via the Notch1/Jagged1 signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4623-4631. [PMID: 30542413 PMCID: PMC6257276 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OS) is a common disease in orthopedics. Although OS is known as an inflammation mediated by inflammatory cytokines; however, the mechanism is poorly understood. In the present study, the role of bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP9) was investigated in chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs). ADMSCs were transfected with BMP9. BMP9 mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Type II collagen and aggrecan expression was detected by western blotting and RT-qPCR. Mouse models of knee OS were established. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and toluidine blue staining were performed to observe changes in the OS-affected knee joint. After intra-articular injection of ADMSCs transfected with BMP9, intra-articular expression of type II collagen and aggrecan was detected by western blot analysis and RT-qPCR. After the Notch signaling pathway was inhibited in ADMSCs, ADMSCs were injected into the articular cavity. The expression of Notch signaling pathway-related proteins Notch1 and Jagged1 was detected by western blot analysis and RT-qPCR. BMP9 promoted chondrogenic differentiation of ADMSCs. After injection of BMP9 overexpressing ADMSCs into the articular space, type II collagen and aggrecan expression was increased. When the Notch signaling pathway of ADMSCs was inhibited, the ability of BMP9 overexpressing ADMSCs to repair the cartilage in the OS-affected knee joint was attenuated. These results demonstrate that upregulating BMP9 protein expression may promote the chondrogenic differentiation of ADMSCs. Intra-articular injection of ADMSCs contributes to cartilage repair in OS-affected knee joints through the Notch1/Jagged1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics and Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma of Chinese PLA, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Mingchang Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma of Chinese PLA, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Songbo Liu
- Department of Orthopedics and Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma of Chinese PLA, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Xianmin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics and Rescue Center of Severe Wound and Trauma of Chinese PLA, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
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Liu N, Zhou M, Zhang Q, Yong L, Zhang T, Tian T, Ma Q, Lin S, Zhu B, Cai X. Effect of substrate stiffness on proliferation and differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12478. [PMID: 30039894 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to understand the effect of substrate stiffness (a mechanical factor of the extracellular matrix) on periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and its underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Elastic substrates were fabricated by mixing 2 components, a base and curing agent in proportions of 10:1, 20:1, 30:1 or 40:1. PDLSC morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cell proliferation and differentiation were assessed after PDLSCs was cultured on various elastic substrates. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA. RESULTS SEM revealed variations in the morphology of PDLSCs cultured on elastic substrates. PDLSC proliferation increased with substrate stiffness (P < .05). Osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs was higher on stiff substrates. Notch pathway markers were up-regulated in PDLSCs cultured on stiff substrates. CONCLUSIONS Results suggested that the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs might be promoted by culturing them in a stiffness-dependent manner, which regulates the Notch pathway. This might provide a new method of enhancing osteogenesis in PDLSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Taoran Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quanquan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bofeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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30
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Local icariin application enhanced periodontal tissue regeneration and relieved local inflammation in a minipig model of periodontitis. Int J Oral Sci 2018; 10:19. [PMID: 29895944 PMCID: PMC5997630 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-018-0020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory autoimmune disease. Treatment should alleviate inflammation, regulate the immune reaction and promote periodontal tissue regeneration. Icariin is the main active ingredient of Epimedii Folium, and it is a promising compound for the enhancement of mesenchymal stem cell function, promotion of bone formation, inhibition of bone resorption, alleviation of inflammation and regulation of immunity. The study investigated the effect of icariin on periodontal tissue regeneration in a minipig model of periodontitis. The minipig model of periodontitis was established. Icariin was injected locally. The periodontal clinical assessment index, a computed tomography (CT) scan, histopathology and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) were used to evaluate the effects of icariin. Quantitative analysis results 12 weeks post-injection demonstrated that probing depth, gingival recession, attachment loss and alveolar bone regeneration values were (3.72 ± 1.18) mm vs. (6.56 ± 1.47) mm, (1.67 ± 0.59) mm vs. (2.38 ± 0.61) mm, (5.56 ± 1.29) mm vs. (8.61 ± 1.72) mm, and (25.65 ± 5.13) mm3 vs. (9.48 ± 1.78) mm3 in the icariin group and 0.9% NaCl group, respectively. The clinical assessment, CT scan, and histopathology results demonstrated significant enhancement of periodontal tissue regeneration in the icariin group compared to the 0.9% NaCl group. The ELISA results suggested that the concentration of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in the icariin group was downregulated compared to the 0.9% NaCl group, which indicates that local injection of icariin relieved local inflammation in a minipig model of periodontitis. Local injection of icariin promoted periodontal tissue regeneration and exerted anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory function. These results support the application of icariin for the clinical treatment of periodontitis. A Chinese herbal supplement could treat an inflammatory autoimmune disease of the tissues surrounding the teeth. Zhipeng Fan and colleagues at Capital Medical University in Beijing, China found reduced inflammation and improved tissue regeneration in induced periodontitis in miniature pigs, three months following local injections with the Chinese herbal extract icariin. Periodontitis is an overactive immune response to bacterial invasion in the gums, leading to the breakdown of supportive tissue and bone, and potential tooth loss. Clinical assessment, CT scans and microscopic examination showed icariin injections promoted gum and bone regeneration, possibly by stimulating local stem cells. It also reduced signs of inflammation, including significantly decreasing the expression of IL-1β, an immune response mediator. Further studies are needed to confirm icariin’s mode of action and optimal dosage for potential clinical use.
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Li DW, Lei X, He FL, He J, Liu YL, Ye YJ, Deng X, Duan E, Yin DC. Silk fibroin/chitosan scaffold with tunable properties and low inflammatory response assists the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2017. [DOI: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li DW, Lei X, He FL, He J, Liu YL, Ye YJ, Deng X, Duan E, Yin DC. Silk fibroin/chitosan scaffold with tunable properties and low inflammatory response assists the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:584-597. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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MicroRNA-214 Suppresses Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by Targeting ATF4. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:3028647. [PMID: 29213288 PMCID: PMC5682087 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3028647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is the main cause of adult tooth loss. Stem cell-based tissue engineering has become a promising therapy for periodontitis treatment. To date, human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) have been shown to be a favorable source for tissue engineering, but modulatory mechanisms of hPDLSCs remain unclear. Approximately 60% of mammalian genes are the targets of over 2000 miRNAs in multiple human cell types, and miRNAs are able to influence various biological processes in the human body, including bone formation. In this study, we found that after osteogenic induction, miR-214 was significantly decreased in hPDLSCs; therefore, we examined the effects of miR-214 on osteogenic differentiation. Computational miRNA target prediction analyses and luciferase reporter assays revealed that activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is a direct target of miR-214. We prepared cells overexpressing miR-214 and found that miR-214 negatively regulates osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. For the target of miR-214, ATF4 protein expression level was decreased after induction. In conclusion, we found that miR-214-ATF4 axis is a novel pathway for regulating hPDLSC osteogenic differentiation.
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Rajan TS, Scionti D, Diomede F, Piattelli A, Bramanti P, Mazzon E, Trubiani O. Prolonged Expansion Induces Spontaneous Neural Progenitor Differentiation from Human Gingiva-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cell Reprogram 2017; 19:389-401. [PMID: 29058474 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2017.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural crest-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from dental tissues received considerable interest in regenerative medicine, particularly in nerve regeneration owing to their embryonic origin and ease of harvest. Proliferation efficacy and differentiation capacity into diverse cell lineages propose dental MSCs as an in vitro tool for disease modeling. In this study, we investigated the spontaneous differentiation efficiency of dental MSCs obtained from human gingiva tissue (hGMSCs) into neural progenitor cells after extended passaging. At passage 41, the morphology of hGMSCs changed from typical fibroblast-like shape into sphere-shaped cells with extending processes. Next-generation transcriptomics sequencing showed increased expression of neural progenitor markers such as NES, MEIS2, and MEST. In addition, de novo expression of neural precursor genes, such as NRN1, PHOX2B, VANGL2, and NTRK3, was noticed in passage 41. Immunocytochemistry results showed suppression of neurogenesis repressors TP53 and p21, whereas Western blot results revealed the expression of neurotrophic factors BDNF and NT3 at passage 41. Our results showed the spontaneous efficacy of hGMSCs to differentiate into neural precursor cells over prolonged passages and that these cells may assist in producing novel in vitro disease models that are associated with neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Domenico Scionti
- 1 Department of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo," Messina , Italy
| | - Francesca Diomede
- 2 Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- 2 Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- 1 Department of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo," Messina , Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- 1 Department of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo," Messina , Italy
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- 2 Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Zheng XY, Mao CY, Qiao H, Zhang X, Yu L, Wang TY, Lu EY. Plumbagin suppresses chronic periodontitis in rats via down-regulation of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 expression. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:1150-1160. [PMID: 28552911 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic periodontitis (CP) is one of the most common oral diseases, which causes alveolar bone absorption and tooth loss in adults. In this study we aimed to investigate the potential of plumbagin (PL), a widely-investigated active compound extracted from the traditional Chinese herb Plumbago zeylanica L in treating CP. Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were used for in vitro studies, whereas an animal model of CP was established in SD rats by ligation+Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) stimulation. The rats were injected with PL (2, 4, and 6 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip) for 4 weeks. Treatment of PDLSCs with TNF-α (10 ng/mL) markedly stimulated the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, as well as the chemokines CCL-2 and CCL-5, which were dose-dependently suppressed by co-treatment with PL (1.25-5 μmol/L). Furthermore, PL (3.75 μmol/L) markedly suppressed TNF-α-induced activation of the MAPK, NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways in PDLSCs. In consistence with the in vitro studies, PL administration significantly decreased the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in gingiva of the rat with CP, with the dosage 4 mg·kg-1·d-1 showing the best anti-inflammatory effect. Moreover, PL administration decelerated bone destruction in the rat with CP, evidenced by the aveolar bone loss (ABL) and H&E staining results. In conclusion, PL suppresses CP progression in rats by downregulating the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and inhibiting the MAPK, NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
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Čebatariūnienė A, Jarmalavičiūtė A, Tunaitis V, Pūrienė A, Venalis A, Pivoriūnas A. Microcarrier culture enhances osteogenic potential of human periodontal ligament stromal cells. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2017; 45:845-854. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Analysis of the Adherence of Dental Pulp Stem Cells on Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Silk Fibroin-Based Biomaterials. J Craniofac Surg 2017; 28:939-943. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000003596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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38
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Emerging Perspectives in Scaffold for Tissue Engineering in Oral Surgery. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:4585401. [PMID: 28337223 PMCID: PMC5346390 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4585401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration is currently one of the most important and challenging tissue engineering approaches in regenerative medicine. Bone regeneration is a promising approach in dentistry and is considered an ideal clinical strategy in treating diseases, injuries, and defects of the maxillofacial region. Advances in tissue engineering have resulted in the development of innovative scaffold designs, complemented by the progress made in cell-based therapies. In vitro bone regeneration can be achieved by the combination of stem cells, scaffolds, and bioactive factors. The biomimetic approach to create an ideal bone substitute provides strategies for developing combined scaffolds composed of adult stem cells with mesenchymal phenotype and different organic biomaterials (such as collagen and hyaluronic acid derivatives) or inorganic biomaterials such as manufactured polymers (polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), and polycaprolactone). This review focuses on different biomaterials currently used in dentistry as scaffolds for bone regeneration in treating bone defects or in surgical techniques, such as sinus lift, horizontal and vertical bone grafts, or socket preservation. Our review would be of particular interest to medical and surgical researchers at the interface of cell biology, materials science, and tissue engineering, as well as industry-related manufacturers and researchers in healthcare, prosthetics, and 3D printing, too.
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Assessment of cellular materials generated by co-cultured ‘inflamed’ and healthy periodontal ligament stem cells from patient-matched groups. Exp Cell Res 2016; 346:119-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Gingival Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: A Unique Tissue Engineering Gem. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:7154327. [PMID: 27313628 PMCID: PMC4903147 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7154327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gingiva, characterized by its outstanding scarless wound healing properties, is a unique tissue and a pivotal component of the periodontal apparatus, investing and surrounding the teeth in their sockets in the alveolar bone. In the last years gingival mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (G-MSCs), with promising regenerative and immunomodulatory properties, have been isolated and characterized from the gingival lamina propria. These cells, in contrast to other mesenchymal stem/progenitor cell sources, are abundant, readily accessible, and easily obtainable via minimally invasive cell isolation techniques. The present review summarizes the current scientific evidence on G-MSCs' isolation, their characterization, the investigated subpopulations, the generated induced pluripotent stem cells- (iPSC-) like G-MSCs, their regenerative properties, and current approaches for G-MSCs' delivery. The review further demonstrates their immunomodulatory properties, the transplantation preconditioning attempts via multiple biomolecules to enhance their attributes, and the experimental therapeutic applications conducted to treat multiple diseases in experimental animal models in vivo. G-MSCs show remarkable tissue reparative/regenerative potential, noteworthy immunomodulatory properties, and primary experimental therapeutic applications of G-MSCs are very promising, pointing at future biologically based therapeutic techniques, being potentially superior to conventional clinical treatment modalities.
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Amorim BR, Silvério KG, Casati MZ, Sallum EA, Kantovitz KR, Nociti FH. Neuropilin Controls Endothelial Differentiation by Mesenchymal Stem Cells From the Periodontal Ligament. J Periodontol 2016; 87:e138-47. [PMID: 26962679 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal ligament (PDL) has been reported to be a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).New vascular networks from undifferentiated cells are essential for repair/regeneration of specialized tissues, including PDL. The current study aims to determine potential of CD105(+)-enriched cell subsets of periodontal ligament cells (PDLSCs) to differentiate into endothelial cell (EC)-like cells and to give insights into the mechanism involved. METHODS CD105(+)-enriched PDLSCs were induced to EC differentiation by endothelial growth medium 2 (EGM-2) for 3, 7, 14, and 21 days, with mRNA/protein levels and functional activity assessed by: 1) real-time polymerase chain reaction; 2) Western blotting; 3) fluorescence-activated cell sorting; 4) immunohistochemistry; 5) immunofluorescence; 6) matrigel; and 7) small interfering RNA assays. RESULTS Data analyses demonstrated that EGM-2 treated PDLSCs presented increased expression of EC markers, including: 1) CD105; 2) kinase domain-containing receptor; and 3) Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1, and were able to form cord/tube-like structures. Gene and protein expression analysis showed that neuropilin 2 (NRP2), a key factor for vascular development, was significantly downregulated during EC differentiation. NRP2 was constitutively expressed in mouse PDL tissues by immunohistochemistry analysis, and NRP2 knockdown in CD105(+)-enriched PDLSCs resulted in increased cord/tube-like structures in a matrigel assay. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated the potential of CD105(+)-enriched PDLSCs to support angiogenesis, and NRP2 as a pivotal factor regulating this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna R Amorim
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina G Silvério
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio Z Casati
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Enilson A Sallum
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco H Nociti
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
Biomaterials have played an increasingly prominent role in the success of biomedical devices and in the development of tissue engineering, which seeks to unlock the regenerative potential innate to human tissues/organs in a state of deterioration and to restore or reestablish normal bodily function. Advances in our understanding of regenerative biomaterials and their roles in new tissue formation can potentially open a new frontier in the fast-growing field of regenerative medicine. Taking inspiration from the role and multi-component construction of native extracellular matrices (ECMs) for cell accommodation, the synthetic biomaterials produced today routinely incorporate biologically active components to define an artificial in vivo milieu with complex and dynamic interactions that foster and regulate stem cells, similar to the events occurring in a natural cellular microenvironment. The range and degree of biomaterial sophistication have also dramatically increased as more knowledge has accumulated through materials science, matrix biology and tissue engineering. However, achieving clinical translation and commercial success requires regenerative biomaterials to be not only efficacious and safe but also cost-effective and convenient for use and production. Utilizing biomaterials of human origin as building blocks for therapeutic purposes has provided a facilitated approach that closely mimics the critical aspects of natural tissue with regard to its physical and chemical properties for the orchestration of wound healing and tissue regeneration. In addition to directly using tissue transfers and transplants for repair, new applications of human-derived biomaterials are now focusing on the use of naturally occurring biomacromolecules, decellularized ECM scaffolds and autologous preparations rich in growth factors/non-expanded stem cells to either target acceleration/magnification of the body's own repair capacity or use nature's paradigms to create new tissues for restoration. In particular, there is increasing interest in separating ECMs into simplified functional domains and/or biopolymeric assemblies so that these components/constituents can be discretely exploited and manipulated for the production of bioscaffolds and new biomimetic biomaterials. Here, following an overview of tissue auto-/allo-transplantation, we discuss the recent trends and advances as well as the challenges and future directions in the evolution and application of human-derived biomaterials for reconstructive surgery and tissue engineering. In particular, we focus on an exploration of the structural, mechanical, biochemical and biological information present in native human tissue for bioengineering applications and to provide inspiration for the design of future biomaterials.
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Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Diverse Origins Support Persistent Infection with Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus and Manifest Distinct Angiogenic, Invasive, and Transforming Phenotypes. mBio 2016; 7:e02109-15. [PMID: 26814175 PMCID: PMC4742711 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02109-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), a highly angiogenic and invasive tumor often involving different organ sites, including the oral cavity, is caused by infection with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Diverse cell markers have been identified on KS tumor cells, but their origin remains an enigma. We previously showed that KSHV could efficiently infect, transform, and reprogram rat primary mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into KS-like tumor cells. In this study, we showed that human primary MSCs derived from diverse organs, including bone marrow (MSCbm), adipose tissue (MSCa), dental pulp, gingiva tissue (GMSC), and exfoliated deciduous teeth, were permissive to KSHV infection. We successfully established long-term cultures of KSHV-infected MSCa, MSCbm, and GMSC (LTC-KMSCs). While LTC-KMSCs had lower proliferation rates than the uninfected cells, they expressed mixtures of KS markers and displayed differential angiogenic, invasive, and transforming phenotypes. Genetic analysis identified KSHV-derived microRNAs that mediated KSHV-induced angiogenic activity by activating the AKT pathway. These results indicated that human MSCs could be the KSHV target cells in vivo and established valid models for delineating the mechanism of KSHV infection, replication, and malignant transformation in biologically relevant cell types. IMPORTANCE Kaposi's sarcoma is the most common cancer in AIDS patients. While KSHV infection is required for the development of Kaposi's sarcoma, the origin of KSHV target cells remains unclear. We show that KSHV can efficiently infect human primary mesenchymal stem cells of diverse origins and reprogram them to acquire various degrees of Kaposi's sarcoma-like cell makers and angiogenic, invasive, and transforming phenotypes. These results indicate that human mesenchymal stem cells might be the KSHV target cells and establish models for delineating the mechanism of KSHV-induced malignant transformation.
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Mao L, Liu J, Zhao J, Chang J, Xia L, Jiang L, Wang X, Lin K, Fang B. Effect of micro-nano-hybrid structured hydroxyapatite bioceramics on osteogenic and cementogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cell via Wnt signaling pathway. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:7031-44. [PMID: 26648716 PMCID: PMC4648603 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s90343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface structure of bioceramic scaffolds is crucial for its bioactivity and osteoinductive ability, and in recent years, human periodontal ligament stem cells have been certified to possess high osteogenic and cementogenic differential ability. In the present study, hydroxyapatite (HA) bioceramics with micro-nano-hybrid surface (mnHA [the hybrid of nanorods and microrods]) were fabricated via hydrothermal reaction of the α-tricalcium phosphate granules as precursors in aqueous solution, and the effects of mnHA on the attachment, proliferation, osteogenic and cementogenic differentiations of human periodontal ligament stem cells as well as the related mechanisms were systematically investigated. The results showed that mnHA bioceramics could promote cell adhesion, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and expression of osteogenic/cementogenic-related markers including runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), ALP, osteocalcin (OCN), cementum attachment protein (CAP), and cementum protein (CEMP) as compared to the HA bioceramics with flat and dense surface. Moreover, mnHA bioceramics stimulated gene expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) and β-catenin, which are the key genes of canonical Wnt signaling. Moreover, the stimulatory effect on ALP activity and osteogenic and cementogenic gene expression, including that of ALP, OCN, CAP, CEMP, and Runx2 of mnHA bioceramics could be repressed by canonical Wnt signaling inhibitor dickkopf1 (Dkk1). The results suggested that the HA bioceramics with mnHA could act as promising grafts for periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Mao
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Top Priority Clinical Medical Center of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiang Liu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Top Priority Clinical Medical Center of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinglei Zhao
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Top Priority Clinical Medical Center of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lunguo Xia
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Top Priority Clinical Medical Center of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingyong Jiang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Top Priority Clinical Medical Center of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaili Lin
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Fang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science, Top Priority Clinical Medical Center of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Páll E, Florea A, Soriţău O, Cenariu M, Petruţiu AS, Roman A. Comparative Assessment of Oral Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Healthy and Diseased Tissues. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2015; 21:1249-1263. [PMID: 26315895 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927615014749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to isolate human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from palatal connective and periodontal granulation tissues and to comparatively evaluate their properties. MSCs were isolated using the explant culture method. Adherence to plastic, specific antigen makeup, multipotent differentiation potential, functionality, and ultrastructural characteristics were investigated. The frequency of colony-forming unit fibroblasts for palatal-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pMSCs) was significantly higher than that of granulation tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (gtMSCs). A significantly higher population doubling time and lower migration potential were recorded for gtMSCs than for pMSCs. Both cell lines were positive for CD105, CD73, CD90, CD44, and CD49f, and negative for CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR, but the level of expression was different. MSCs from both sources were relatively uniform in their ultrastructure. Generally, both cell lines possessed a large, irregular-shaped euchromatic nucleus, and cytoplasm rich in mitochondria, lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum. The periphery of the plasma membrane displayed many small filopodia. MSCs from both cell lines were successfully differentiated into osteogenic, adiopogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. Both healthy and diseased tissues may be considered as valuable sources of MSCs for regenerative medicine owing to the high acceptance and fewer complications during harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emöke Páll
- 1Department of Reproduction,Obstetrics and Veterinary Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,3-5 Mănăştur St.,400372 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Adrian Florea
- 3Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine,"Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy,6 L. Pasteur St.,400349 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Olga Soriţău
- 4Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Tumor and Radiobiology,Prof. Dr. "Ion Chiricuţă" Oncology Institute,34-36 I. Creangă St.,400015 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- 1Department of Reproduction,Obstetrics and Veterinary Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,3-5 Mănăştur St.,400372 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Adrian S Petruţiu
- 2Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine,"Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy,15 V. Babeş St.,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Alexandra Roman
- 2Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine,"Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy,15 V. Babeş St.,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
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Grimm WD, Giesenhagen B, Hakki S, Schau I, Sirak S, Sletov A, Varga G, Vukovic MA, Widera D. Translational Research and Therapeutic Applications of Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cells in Regenerative Periodontology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40496-015-0067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abstract
Periodontal diseases occur worldwide, and Latin American populations are significantly affected by different manifestations of periodontal disease. The interest in periodontics and periodontal therapy first developed in the early 1930s in the southernmost countries of Latin America, and spread, as the years went by, throughout the region. Today, periodontal research is vibrant in Latin America. The aim of this volume of Periodontology 2000 was to present an overview of the periodontal research currently being performed in different countries of Latin America. The epidemiology of periodontal diseases in adults, children and adolescents, and the pathogenesis of such diseases (including microbiological characteristics and risk factors), are discussed. The role of systemic antibiotic therapy and the effect of smoking are discussed in relation to the progression and the treatment of periodontitis. In addition, the benefit of lasers in periodontal therapy is evaluated. Latin American research groups have been active in exploring new venues of regenerative periodontal treatment, addressing the role of cementum proteins, growth factors and oral mesenchymal stem cells in tissue engineering. Finally, basic research to study cancerization is reported.
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