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Yang K, Lei S, Qin X, Mai X, Xie W, Yang S, Wang J. Biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol/nano-hydroxyapatite composite membrane enhanced by MXene nanosheets for guided bone regeneration. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 155:106540. [PMID: 38615407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
MXene, as a new category of two-dimensional nanomaterials, exhibits a promising prospect in biomedical applications due to its ultrathin structure and morphology, as well as a range of remarkable properties such as biological, chemical, electronic, and optical properties. In this work, different concentrations of MXene (M) were added to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, P)/nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA, H) mixed solution, and series of PVA/n-HA/MXene (PHM) composite membranes were obtained by combining sol-gel and freeze-drying processes. Morphology, chemical composition, surface, and mechanical properties of the prepared PHM membranes were characterized by various techniques. Subsequently, the swelling and degradation performances of the composite membranes were tested by swelling and degradation tests. In addition, in vitro studies like cell adhesion, cytotoxicity, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and antibacterial properties of MC3T3-E1 were also evaluated. The results showed that the addition of MXene could apparently improve the composite membranes' physicochemical properties, bioactivity, and osteogenic differentiation. Specially, PHM membrane had the best comprehensive properties when the concentration of MXene was set as 2.0% w/v. In a word, the addition of MXene has a positive effect on improving the mechanical properties, osteogenic induction, and antibacterial properties of PH composite membranes, and the prepared PHM composite membranes possess potential applications for guided bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefan Yang
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China; State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Siqi Lei
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China; State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoli Qin
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China; State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoxue Mai
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China; State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Weibo Xie
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
| | - Shengrong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Fonseca D, de Tapia B, Pons R, Aparicio C, Guerra F, Messias A, Gil J. The Effect of Implantoplasty on the Fatigue Behavior and Corrosion Resistance in Titanium Dental Implants. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2944. [PMID: 38930312 PMCID: PMC11206074 DOI: 10.3390/ma17122944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Implantoplasty is a technique increasingly used to remove the biofilm that causes peri-implantitis on dental implants. This technique of mechanization of the titanium surface makes it possible to eliminate bacterial colonies, but it can generate variations in the properties of the implant. These variations, especially those in fatigue resistance and electrochemical corrosion behavior, have not been studied much. In this work, fatigue tests were performed on 60 dental implants without implantoplasty, namely 30 in air and 30 in Hank's solution at 37 °C, and 60 with implatoplasty, namely 30 in air and 30 in Hank's solution at 37 °C, using triaxial tension-compression and torsion stresses simulating human chewing. Mechanical tests were performed with a Bionix servo-hydraulic testing machine and fracture surfaces were studied by scanning electron microcopyElectrochemical corrosion tests were performed on 20 dental implants to determine the corrosion potentials and corrosion intensity for control implants and implantoplasty implants. Studies of titanium ion release to the physiological medium were carried out for each type of dental implants by Inductively Coupled-Plasma Mass Spectrometry at different immersion times at 37 °C. The results show a loss of fatigue caused by the implantoplasty of 30%, observing that the nucleation points of the cracks are in the areas of high deformation in the areas of the implant neck where the mechanization produced in the treatment of the implantoplasty causes an exaltation of fatigue cracks. It has been observed that tests performed in Hank's solution reduce the fatigue life due to the incorporation of hydrogen in the titanium causing the formation of hydrides that embrittle the dental implant. Likewise, the implantoplasty causes a reduction of the corrosion resistance with some pitting on the machined surface. Ion release analyses are slightly higher in the implantoplasted samples but do not show statistically significant differences. It has been observed that the physiological environment reduces the fatigue life of the implants due to the penetration of hydrogen into the titanium forming titanium hydrides which embrittle the implant. These results should be taken into account by clinicians to determine the convenience of performing a treatment such as implantoplasty that reduces the mechanical behavior and increases the chemical degradation of the titanium dental implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcio Fonseca
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Medicine and Health Sciences Faculty, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Beatriz de Tapia
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; (B.d.T.); (R.P.); (C.A.)
| | - Ramon Pons
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; (B.d.T.); (R.P.); (C.A.)
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; (B.d.T.); (R.P.); (C.A.)
| | - Fernando Guerra
- Department Medicina Dentaire, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Palácio dos Grilos, Rua da Ilha, 3000-214 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Ana Messias
- Department Medicina Dentaire, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Palácio dos Grilos, Rua da Ilha, 3000-214 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Javier Gil
- Department Medicina Dentaire, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Palácio dos Grilos, Rua da Ilha, 3000-214 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.G.); (A.M.)
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3
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Lee J, Park HM, Kim YW. Comparative Analysis of Plaque Removal and Wear between Electric-Mechanical and Bioelectric Toothbrushes. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:474. [PMID: 38790341 PMCID: PMC11117528 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective oral care is important for maintaining a high quality of life. Therefore, plaque control can prevent the development and recurrence of periodontitis. Brushing with a toothbrush and toothpaste is a common way to remove plaque; however, excessive brushing or brushing with abrasive toothpaste can cause wear and tear on the dental crown. Hence, we aimed to quantitatively compare the plaque-removal efficiency and tooth wear of toothbrushes using the bioelectric effect (BE) with those of electric-mechanical toothbrushes. To generate the BE signal, an electronic circuit was developed and embedded in a toothbrush. Further, typodonts were coated with cultured artificial plaques and placed in a brushing simulator. A toothpaste slurry was applied, and the typodonts were eluted with tap water after brushing. The plaques of the typodonts were captured, and the images were quantified. For the tooth wear experiment, polymethyl methacrylate disk resin blocks were brushed twice a day, and the thickness of the samples was measured. Subsequently, statistical differences between the experimental toothbrushes and typical toothbrushes were analyzed. The BE toothbrush had a higher plaque-removal efficiency and could minimize tooth wear. This study suggests that the application of BE may be a new solution for oral care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Ulsan University Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 877 Bangeojinsunhwando-ro, Dong-gu, Ulsan 44033, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun M. Park
- PAIST (ProxiHealthcare Institute for Science and Technology), ProxiHealthcare Inc., Seoul 08507, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Wook Kim
- PAIST (ProxiHealthcare Institute for Science and Technology), ProxiHealthcare Inc., Seoul 08507, Republic of Korea
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Romito GA, Hassan MA, do Amaral GCLS, Villar CC. Decision-making on peri-implant mucositis management and treatment approaches. Br Dent J 2024; 236:797-801. [PMID: 38789757 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7397-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Peri-implant mucositis is characterised by inflammation of soft tissues surrounding a dental implant without associated bone loss beyond initial remodelling. Early detection and timely intervention are critical to prevent its progression to peri-implantitis. This paper focuses on various treatment options for treating peri-implant mucositis. The cornerstone of professional treatment lies in the mechanical disruption and removal of microbial biofilms around the implant. This can be achieved through careful use of manual or powered instruments, such as ultrasonic scalers or air polishing devices. However, there is a need for further research to determine the most effective single approach for treating peri-implant mucositis. Current evidence does not support the combination of mechanical debridement with locally administered antibiotics. Contrarily, evidence strongly supports the removal, cleaning, and modifications of prostheses to improve both self-performance and professional cleanability. The use of adjunctive therapies like photodynamic therapy and diode laser, in conjunction with mechanical instrumentation, is not currently recommended due to the limited strength of available evidence. Preventive measures emphasise the importance of comprehensive oral hygiene care, encompassing professional guidance and at-home practices, to manage biofilms effectively. This encompasses oral hygiene instruction, regular debridement, and maintenance care. Supporting peri-implant therapy is also vital for ongoing implant monitoring, preventing the recurrence of mucositis, and halting its progression to peri-implantitis. This multifaceted approach is key to effectively managing and treating peri-implant mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe A Romito
- Discipline of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mohamed A Hassan
- Discipline of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cristina C Villar
- Discipline of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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5
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Ding J, Wang X, Liu W, Ding C, Wu J, He R, Zhang X. Biofilm Microenvironment Activated Antibiotic Adjuvant for Implant-Associated Infections by Systematic Iron Metabolism Interference. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400862. [PMID: 38408138 PMCID: PMC11077648 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Hematoma, a risk factor of implant-associated infections (IAIs), creates a Fe-rich environment following implantation, which proliferates the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Fe metabolism is a major vulnerability for pathogens and is crucial for several fundamental physiological processes. Herein, a deferiprone (DFP)-loaded layered double hydroxide (LDH)-based nanomedicine (DFP@Ga-LDH) that targets the Fe-rich environments of IAIs is reported. In response to acidic changes at the infection site, DFP@Ga-LDH systematically interferes with bacterial Fe metabolism via the substitution of Ga3+ and Fe scavenging by DFP. DFP@Ga-LDH effectively reverses the Fe/Ga ratio in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, causing comprehensive interference in various Fe-associated targets, including transcription and substance metabolism. In addition to its favorable antibacterial properties, DFP@Ga-LDH functions as a nano-adjuvant capable of delaying the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Accordingly, DFP@Ga-LDH is loaded with a siderophore antibiotic (cefiderocol, Cefi) to achieve the antibacterial nanodrug DFP@Ga-LDH-Cefi. Antimicrobial and biosafety efficacies of DFP@Ga-LDH-Cefi are validated using ex vivo human skin and mouse IAI models. The pivotal role of the hematoma-created Fe-rich environment of IAIs is highlighted, and a nanoplatform that efficiently interferes with bacterial Fe metabolism is developed. The findings of the study provide promising guidance for future research on the exploration of nano-adjuvants as antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Ding
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200233P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200233P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200233P. R. China
| | - Cheng Ding
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200233P. R. China
| | - Jianrong Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in MedicineShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200233P. R. China
| | - Renke He
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200233P. R. China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200233P. R. China
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Ruiz-Romero V, Figueiredo R, Toledano-Serrabona J, Abdelazim Y, Camps-Font O, Salazar-Salazar Y, Plana-Soler A, Subirà-Pifarré C, Valmaseda-Castellón E. Peri-implantitis in patients without regular supportive therapy: Prevalence and risk indicators. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:278. [PMID: 38671152 PMCID: PMC11052890 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05673-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of peri-implant diseases in patients treated in a university setting without a regular peri-implant supportive therapy schedule, and to identify the risk indicators associated with peri-implantitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study was made of patients with dental implants with at least 12 months of functional loading who did not receive regular peri-implant supportive therapy. Patient- and implant-related variables were retrieved, and clinical and radiological examinations were performed. Descriptive and bivariate analyses and multilevel logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with peri-implantitis. RESULTS A total of 213 implants in 88 patients were analyzed. The patient-level prevalence of peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis was 26.1% (95%CI: 16.7%-35.5%) and 44.3% (95%CI: 34.0%-54.6%), respectively. Peri-implant diseases were significantly more frequent when the width of the keratinized mucosa was < 2 mm (OR = 5.26; 95%CI: 1.24-22.26; p = 0.024), and when there was 12 month post-loading bone loss (OR = 2.96; 95%CI: 1.35-6.52; p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Peri-implantitis is a common finding in patients without regular peri-implant supportive therapy (prevalence 16.7-35.5%). A thin peri-implant keratinized mucosa (< 2 mm) and a higher degree of bone remodeling after loading seem to be the main risk factors for peri-implantitis in this patient profile. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Patients who do not engage in supportive peri-implant maintenance have a higher risk of peri-implantitis. A thin keratinized mucosa and bone loss during the first year of loading are predisposing factors for peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Ruiz-Romero
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rui Figueiredo
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Dental and Maxillofacial Pathology and Therapeutics Research Group, IDIBELL Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Toledano-Serrabona
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Dental and Maxillofacial Pathology and Therapeutics Research Group, IDIBELL Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yehia Abdelazim
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Octavi Camps-Font
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Dental and Maxillofacial Pathology and Therapeutics Research Group, IDIBELL Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Yamil Salazar-Salazar
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aina Plana-Soler
- Master of Adult Dental Comprehensive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Subirà-Pifarré
- Dental and Maxillofacial Pathology and Therapeutics Research Group, IDIBELL Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Master of Adult Dental Comprehensive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Valmaseda-Castellón
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Dental and Maxillofacial Pathology and Therapeutics Research Group, IDIBELL Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Tran MD, Ngo H, Fawzy A. High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound in Dentistry: A Literature Review. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00060-1. [PMID: 38609759 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Although high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been applied widely in medicine, utilising its non-invasive dual ablation and thermal coagulation properties, its application in dentistry has primarily remained in the research phase, predominantly in in vitro studies. Nonetheless, there has been a consistent increase in the number of publications on this subject in recent decades, focusing on areas such as remineralisation of dentine surfaces, removal of smear layers, drug delivery, and microbial elimination. The number of advantages HIFU can offer, such as its non-surgical nature, absence of ionising radiation, lack of residue, and absence of aerosols, is driving this upward trend, indicating the potential for HIFU in clinical dentistry and ongoing efforts towards developing HIFU-based devices for routine dental use. This succinct review aims to outline the historical context, operational mechanisms of HIFU, summarise recent dental research, and provide a forward-looking perspective on the role of HIFU in modern clinical dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Dien Tran
- Restorative Dentistry/Dental Biomaterials Research Group, UWA Dental School/The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
| | - Hien Ngo
- Restorative Dentistry/Dental Biomaterials Research Group, UWA Dental School/The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Amr Fawzy
- Restorative Dentistry/Dental Biomaterials Research Group, UWA Dental School/The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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8
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Kensara A, Saito H, Mongodin EF, Masri R. Microbiological profile of peri-implantitis: Analyses of peri-implant microbiome. J Prosthodont 2024; 33:330-339. [PMID: 37527556 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize the microbiome composition in peri-implant pocket of peri-implantitis and peri-implant sulcus controls using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this controlled clinical cross-sectional study, 23 subjects with control implants (n = 14) and diseased implants (peri-implantitis, n = 21) were included. The peri-implant pocket/sulcus was sampled and used to extract DNA and amplify the 16S rRNA gene using universal primers targeting the V3-V4 regions. The resulting 16S PCR amplicons were sequenced on Illumina MiSeq, and the sequences were processed using DADA2 and the Human Oral Microbiome Database (HOMD) as references. Alpha and Beta diversity, as well as core microbiome and differential abundance analyses, were performed using the MicrobiomeAnalyst workflow. RESULTS There were no significant differences in microbial diversity between control implants and implants with peri-implantitis (Shannon p = 0.82). Overall bacterial community structure assessed through beta diversity analysis was also not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.18). However, high levels of Gram-negative bacteria were detected in peri-implant pockets compared to the control sulcus. Abundant species in peri-implantitis were Capnocytophaga leadbetteri, Treponema maltophilum, Peptostreptococcus, Neisseria, P. gingivalis, and Porphyromonas endodontali, Lactococcus lactis and Filifactor alocis (p < 0.05). Gram-positive bacteria such as Streptococcus salivaris, Prevotella melaninogenica, L. wadei, and Actinomyces spp. serve were more abundant in peri-implant control sulcus. CONCLUSIONS Peri-implant sulcus in control implants harbors predominantly Gram-positive bacteria, whereas pockets of implants with peri-implantitis harbor predominantly Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmar Kensara
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hanae Saito
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emmanuel F Mongodin
- Institute for Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Radi Masri
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Kadirvelu L, Sivaramalingam SS, Jothivel D, Chithiraiselvan DD, Karaiyagowder Govindarajan D, Kandaswamy K. A review on antimicrobial strategies in mitigating biofilm-associated infections on medical implants. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2024; 6:100231. [PMID: 38510214 PMCID: PMC10951465 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomedical implants are crucial in providing support and functionality to patients with missing or defective body parts. However, implants carry an inherent risk of bacterial infections that are biofilm-associated and lead to significant complications. These infections often result in implant failure, requiring replacement by surgical restoration. Given these complications, it is crucial to study the biofilm formation mechanism on various biomedical implants that will help prevent implant failures. Therefore, this comprehensive review explores various types of implants (e.g., dental implant, orthopedic implant, tracheal stent, breast implant, central venous catheter, cochlear implant, urinary catheter, intraocular lens, and heart valve) and medical devices (hemodialyzer and pacemaker) in use. In addition, the mechanism of biofilm formation on those implants, and their pathogenesis were discussed. Furthermore, this article critically reviews various approaches in combating implant-associated infections, with a special emphasis on novel non-antibiotic alternatives to mitigate biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lohita Kadirvelu
- Research Center for Excellence in Microscopy, Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, 641049, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sowmiya Sri Sivaramalingam
- Research Center for Excellence in Microscopy, Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, 641049, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepsikha Jothivel
- Research Center for Excellence in Microscopy, Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, 641049, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhivia Dharshika Chithiraiselvan
- Research Center for Excellence in Microscopy, Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, 641049, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Kumaravel Kandaswamy
- Research Center for Excellence in Microscopy, Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, 641049, Tamil Nadu, India
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10
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Wang S, Liu S, Cao S, Bao Y, Wang L, He ZE, Li J, Zhou Y, Lv M. Engineering Bacterial Biofilm Development and Structure via Regulation of Silver Nanoparticle Density in Graphene Oxide Composite Coating. JACS AU 2024; 4:855-864. [PMID: 38425932 PMCID: PMC10900484 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Graphene-based composites have shown significant potential in the treatment of biofilm infections in clinical settings due to their exceptional antimicrobial properties and specific mechanisms. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of the influence exerted by nanoparticles embedded in the composites on the development and structure of biofilms is still lacking. Here, we fabricate different graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle (GAg) composite-modified substrates (GAgS) with varying densities of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and investigate their effects on planktonic bacterial adhesion, subsequent biofilm formation, and mature biofilm structure. Our findings indicate that the initial attachment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells during biofilm formation is determined by the density of AgNPs on the GAgS surface. In contrast, the subsequent transition from adherent bacteria to the biofilm is determined by GAgS's synergistic antimicrobial effect. There exists a threshold for the inhibitory performance of GAgS, where the 20 μg/cm2 GAg composite completely prevents biofilm formation; below this concentration, GAgS delays the development of the biofilm and causes structural changes in the mature biofilm with enhanced bacterial growth and increased production of extracellular polymeric substance. More importantly, GAgS have minimal impact on mammalian cell morphology and proliferation while not inducing hemolysis in red blood cells. These results suggest that GAg composites hold promise as a therapeutic approach for addressing medical devices and implant-associated biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Shima Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Hunan Forest Products and Chemical Industry Engineering,
National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Integrative Utilization
of Eucommia ulmoides, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jiajie Zhang,Hunan 427000, China
| | | | - Yunhui Bao
- Key
Laboratory of Hunan Forest Products and Chemical Industry Engineering,
National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Integrative Utilization
of Eucommia ulmoides, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jiajie Zhang,Hunan 427000, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Institute
of Materiobiology, College of Science, Shanghai
University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | | | - Jiang Li
- Institute
of Materiobiology, College of Science, Shanghai
University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- College
of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Min Lv
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
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11
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Feng P, He R, Gu Y, Yang F, Pan H, Shuai C. Construction of antibacterial bone implants and their application in bone regeneration. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:590-625. [PMID: 38018410 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01298k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infection represents a prevalent challenge during the bone repair process, often resulting in implant failure. However, the extensive use of antibiotics has limited local antibacterial effects at the infection site and is prone to side effects. In order to address the issue of bacterial infection during the transplantation of bone implants, four types of bone scaffold implants with long-term antimicrobial functionality have been constructed, including direct contact antimicrobial scaffold, dissolution-penetration antimicrobial scaffold, photocatalytic antimicrobial scaffold, and multimodal synergistic antimicrobial scaffold. The direct contact antimicrobial scaffold involves the physical penetration or disruption of bacterial cell membranes by the scaffold surface or hindrance of bacterial adhesion through surface charge, microstructure, and other factors. The dissolution-penetration antimicrobial scaffold releases antimicrobial substances from the scaffold's interior through degradation and other means to achieve local antimicrobial effects. The photocatalytic antimicrobial scaffold utilizes the absorption of light to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) with enhanced chemical reactivity for antimicrobial activity. ROS can cause damage to bacterial cell membranes, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), proteins, and other components. The multimodal synergistic antimicrobial scaffold involves the combined use of multiple antimicrobial methods to achieve synergistic effects and effectively overcome the limitations of individual antimicrobial approaches. Additionally, the biocompatibility issues of the antimicrobial bone scaffold are also discussed, including in vitro cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation, as well as in vivo bone repair and vascularization. Finally, the challenges and prospects of antimicrobial bone implants are summarized. The development of antimicrobial bone implants can provide effective solutions to bacterial infection issues in bone defect repair in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Ruizhong He
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Yulong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Hao Pan
- Department of Periodontics & Oral Mucosal Section, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Cijun Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
- Institute of Additive Manufacturing, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
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12
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Wang D, Yue Y, Liu H, Zhang T, Haney EF, Hancock REW, Yu J, Shen Y. Antibiofilm peptides enhance the corrosion resistance of titanium in the presence of Streptococcus mutans. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1339912. [PMID: 38274010 PMCID: PMC10809395 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1339912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Titanium alloys have gained popularity in implant dentistry for the restoration of missing teeth and related hard tissues because of their biocompatibility and enhanced strength. However, titanium corrosion and infection caused by microbial biofilms remains a significant clinical challenge leading to implant failure. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiofilm peptides 1018 and DJK-5 on the corrosion resistance of titanium in the presence of Streptococcus mutans. Commercially pure titanium disks were prepared and used to form biofilms. The disks were randomly assigned to different treatment groups (exposed to S. mutans supplied with sucrose) including a positive control with untreated biofilms, peptides 1018 or DJK-5 at concentrations of 5 μg/mL or 10 μg/mL, and a negative control with no S. mutans. Dynamic biofilm growth and pH variation of all disks were measured after one or two treatment periods of 48 h. After incubation, the dead bacterial proportion, surface morphology, and electrochemical behaviors of the disks were determined. The results showed that peptides 1018 and DJK-5 exhibited significantly higher dead bacterial proportions than the positive control group in a concentration dependent manner (p < 0.01), as well as far less defects in microstructure. DJK-5 at 10 μg/mL killed 84.82% of biofilms and inhibited biofilm growth, preventing acidification due to S. mutans and maintaining a neutral pH. Potential polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data revealed that both peptides significantly reduced the corrosion and passive currents on titanium compared to titanium surfaces with untreated biofilms, and increased the resistance of the passive film (p < 0.05), with 10 μg/mL of DJK-5 achieving the greatest effect. These findings demonstrated that antibiofilm peptides are effective in promoting corrosion resistance of titanium against S. mutans, suggesting a promising strategy to enhance the stability of dental implants by endowing them with antibiofilm and anticorrosion properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yingying Yue
- Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology, Benxi, China
| | - He Liu
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tian Zhang
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Evan F. Haney
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Robert E. W. Hancock
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jian Yu
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya Shen
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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13
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Kensara A, Saito H, Mongodin EF, Masri R. Microbiological profile of peri-implantitis: Analyses of microbiome within dental implants. J Prosthodont 2023; 32:783-792. [PMID: 36691777 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize the microbiome composition within dental implants of peri-implantitis subjects and healthy controls using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-three subjects with healthy (n = 11 implants) and diseased (peri-implantitis, n = 21) implants were included in this controlled clinical cross-sectional study. Samples were obtained from internal surfaces of dental implants using sterile paper points for microbiological analysis. DNA was extracted, and the16S rRNA gene was amplified using universal primers targeting the V3-V4 regions. The resulting 16S polymerize chain reaction amplicons were sequenced on Illumina MiSeq, and the sequences were processed using DADA2 and the Human Oral Microbiome Database (HOMD) as references. Alpha and Beta diversity, as well as core microbiome and differential abundance analyses were then performed using the MicrobiomeAnalyst workflow. RESULTS A significant increase in microbial diversity was observed in the internal implant surface of healthy implants compared with the internal surfaces of peri-implantitis (Shannon p = 0.02). Bacterial community structure was significantly different among groups (p = 0.012). High levels of Gram-positive bacteria were detected inside implants with peri-implantitis compared to healthy implants, especially Enterococci. CONCLUSIONS There is a shift in bacterial diversity inside implants with peri-implantitis from the healthy control. The microbial colonization within that space might contribute to the etiology of peri-implant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmar Kensara
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hanae Saito
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emmanuel F Mongodin
- Institute for Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Radi Masri
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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14
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Park HM, Ryu S, Jo E, Yoo SK, Kim YW. A Study on the Biofilm Removal Efficacy of a Bioelectric Toothbrush. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1184. [PMID: 37892914 PMCID: PMC10604395 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective oral care is a critical requirement to maintain a high quality of life. Most oral diseases are caused by plaque (oral biofilm), which is also correlated with systemic diseases. A common method to remove biofilm is brushing teeth with toothpaste. However, 3.5 billion people in the world have oral diseases, meaning that more efficient methods of removing biofilms are needed. We have developed a toothbrush that applies a bioelectric effect (BE) utilizing an electric force for biofilm removal. It demonstrated significantly higher biofilm removal efficiency than non-BE manual toothbrushes. Tests were performed in saline and toothpaste conditions using various pressures. Results showed that the BE toothbrush had a significantly higher biofilm removal efficiency in saline (0.5 N: 215.43 ± 89.92%, 2.5 N: 116.77 ± 47.02%) and in a toothpaste slurry (0.5 N: 104.96 ± 98.93%, 2.5 N: 96.23 ± 35.16%) than non-BE manual toothbrushes. Results also showed that BE toothbrushes were less dependent on toothpaste. This study suggests that the application of BE can be a new solution to plaque problems in oral care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Mok Park
- PAIST (ProxiHealthcare Advanced Institute for Science and Technology), Seoul 04513, Republic of Korea; (H.M.P.); (S.R.); (E.J.)
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjae Ryu
- PAIST (ProxiHealthcare Advanced Institute for Science and Technology), Seoul 04513, Republic of Korea; (H.M.P.); (S.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Eunah Jo
- PAIST (ProxiHealthcare Advanced Institute for Science and Technology), Seoul 04513, Republic of Korea; (H.M.P.); (S.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Sun Kook Yoo
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Wook Kim
- PAIST (ProxiHealthcare Advanced Institute for Science and Technology), Seoul 04513, Republic of Korea; (H.M.P.); (S.R.); (E.J.)
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15
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Jervøe-Storm PM, Jepsen S, Marder M, Kraus D, Stoilov M, Enkling N. Prevention of internal bacterial colonization of dental implants: A comparative longitudinal observational study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34:979-986. [PMID: 37394702 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have indicated a progressive internal bacterial colonization of implants and possible implications for peri-implant bone loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate a decontamination protocol, two disinfectants, and a sealant for their ability to prevent such a colonization. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacterial samples were harvested from the peri-implant sulcus (external) and following abutment removal from the implant cavity (internal) during routine supportive peri-implant care in 30 edentulous patients 2 years after they had obtained two implants. In a split-mouth design, implants were randomly assigned to receive either internal decontamination alone (10% H2 O2 , brush) or additional placement of either sealant (GS), disinfectant agent (CHX-varnish) or disinfectant gel (1% CHX-gel), in the internal cavity before remounting of abutment/suprastructure. Twelve months later, internal and external sampling was repeated. Total bacterial counts (TBCs) were determined using real-time PCR in a total of 240 samples (eight per patient). RESULTS Total bacterial counts in the internal cavity significantly reduced overall treatment modalities 1 year after the treatments (4.0 [2.3-6.9]-fold reduction; p = .000). No significant differences between the four treatment types were found (p = .348). Comparison of internal and external sampling points revealed significant correlation (R2 = .366; p = .000) with systematically higher TBC counts in external samples. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that the use of disinfectant agents or a sealant did not show an additional benefit in the prevention of internal bacterial colonization of implants compared to a decontamination protocol alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia-Merete Jervøe-Storm
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Søren Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Marder
- Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Material Science, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Kraus
- Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Material Science, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Milan Stoilov
- Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Material Science, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Norbert Enkling
- Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education and Dental Material Science, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry & Gerodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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16
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Popova AD, Sheveyko AN, Kuptsov KA, Advakhova DY, Karyagina AS, Gromov AV, Krivozubov MS, Orlova PA, Volkov AV, Slukin PV, Ignatov SG, Shubina IZ, Ilnitskaya AS, Gloushankova NA, Timoshenko RV, Erofeev AS, Shtansky DV. Osteoconductive, Osteogenic, and Antipathogenic Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings on Titanium Implants with BMP-2. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:37274-37289. [PMID: 37499236 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
We report a one-pot plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) strategy for forming a multi-element oxide layer on the titanium surface using complex electrolytes containing Na2HPO4, Ca(OH)2, (NH2)2CO, Na2SiO3, CuSO4, and KOH compounds. For even better bone implant ingrowth, PEO coatings were additionally loaded with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). The samples were tested in vivo in a mouse craniotomy model. Tests for bactericidal and fungicidal activity were carried out using clinically isolated multi-drug-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) K261, E. coli U20, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) CSA154 bacterial strains, and Neurospora crassa (N. crassa) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) D2528/20 fungi. The PEO-Cu coating effectively inactivated both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria at low concentrations of Cu2+ ions: minimal bactericidal concentration for E. coli and N. crassa (99.9999%) and minimal inhibitory concentration (99.0%) for S. aureus were 5 ppm. For all studied bacterial and fungal strains, PEO-Cu coating completely prevented the formation of bacterial and fungal biofilms. PEO and PEO-Cu coatings demonstrated bone remodeling and moderate osteoconductivity in vivo, while BMP-2 significantly enhanced osteoconduction and osteogenesis. The obtained results are encouraging and indicate that Ti-based materials with PEO coatings loaded with BMP-2 can be widely used in customized medicine as implants for orthopedics and cranio-maxillofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya D Popova
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Moscow 119049, Russia
| | | | | | - Darya Yu Advakhova
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Anna S Karyagina
- Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Gamaleya Str. 18, Moscow 123098, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gori 1, Str. 40, Moscow 119992, Russia
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander V Gromov
- Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Gamaleya Str. 18, Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Mikhail S Krivozubov
- Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Gamaleya Str. 18, Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Polina A Orlova
- Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Gamaleya Str. 18, Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Alexey V Volkov
- The Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 6, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Pavel V Slukin
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk 142279, Russia, National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Sergei G Ignatov
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk 142279, Russia, National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Irina Zh Shubina
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Alla S Ilnitskaya
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Natalia A Gloushankova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Roman V Timoshenko
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Alexander S Erofeev
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Shtansky
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Moscow 119049, Russia
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17
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Chang JW, Bi J, Owen G, Shen Y, Haapasalo M, Wiebe C, Tarzemany R, Larjava H. Scanning electron microscopic analysis of adherent bacterial biofilms associated with peri-implantitis. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:586-595. [PMID: 37157917 PMCID: PMC10441592 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Peri-implantitis (PI) is caused by bacteria in the peri-implant space but the consensus on microbial profile is still lacking. Current microbial sampling of PI lesions has largely focused on analyzing bacterial species that have been shed from the implant surface and captured in the pocket fluid. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the morphotypes of bacteria in biofilm covering the implant threads and explore whether certain morphotypes were associated with PI. METHODS Fourteen failed implants were removed and instantly processed for scanning electron microscope analysis. The implants were imaged at three equally divided sub-crestal levels of the exposed area. Bacterial morphotypes were identified and quantified by three examiners. Mobility and years in function were correlated to the presence of different morphotypes. RESULTS The implants demonstrated the presence of variable bacterial morphotypes that did not correlate to disease progression in our study. Some implants were dominated by filaments and others showed the presence of combinations of cocci/rods or spirilles/spirochetes. In general, all implants showed variable morphologic biofilm composition. However, individual implants tended to have similar composition throughout the entire implant. Rods and filaments were dominant morphotypes throughout the surfaces and cocci showed increased presence toward the apical third. There were some differences in the biofilm morphology with mobility and time in function. CONCLUSIONS The profiles of bacterial biofilm morphotypes in failing implants with similar clinical presentations were highly variable. While there were significant differences between implants, similar morphotypes in individual implants were often found throughout the entire surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae W. Chang
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Jiarui Bi
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Gethin Owen
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Ya Shen
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Markus Haapasalo
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Colin Wiebe
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Rana Tarzemany
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Hannu Larjava
- Division of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
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18
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Ali A, Zahra A, Kamthan M, Husain FM, Albalawi T, Zubair M, Alatawy R, Abid M, Noorani MS. Microbial Biofilms: Applications, Clinical Consequences, and Alternative Therapies. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1934. [PMID: 37630494 PMCID: PMC10459820 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms that grow on surfaces and are embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. These are prevalent in various natural and man-made environments, ranging from industrial settings to medical devices, where they can have both positive and negative impacts. This review explores the diverse applications of microbial biofilms, their clinical consequences, and alternative therapies targeting these resilient structures. We have discussed beneficial applications of microbial biofilms, including their role in wastewater treatment, bioremediation, food industries, agriculture, and biotechnology. Additionally, we have highlighted the mechanisms of biofilm formation and clinical consequences of biofilms in the context of human health. We have also focused on the association of biofilms with antibiotic resistance, chronic infections, and medical device-related infections. To overcome these challenges, alternative therapeutic strategies are explored. The review examines the potential of various antimicrobial agents, such as antimicrobial peptides, quorum-sensing inhibitors, phytoextracts, and nanoparticles, in targeting biofilms. Furthermore, we highlight the future directions for research in this area and the potential of phytotherapy for the prevention and treatment of biofilm-related infections in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Ali
- Clinical Biochemistry Lab, D/O Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Lifesciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Andaleeb Zahra
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Lifesciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Mohan Kamthan
- Clinical Biochemistry Lab, D/O Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Lifesciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Fohad Mabood Husain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Thamer Albalawi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Zubair
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.Z.); (R.A.)
| | - Roba Alatawy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.Z.); (R.A.)
| | - Mohammad Abid
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Md Salik Noorani
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Lifesciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
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19
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Alwadi MAM, Sidhu A, Khaled MB, Aboul-Enein BH. Mastic (Pistacia lentiscus) gum and oral health: a state-of-the-art review of the literature. J Nat Med 2023; 77:430-445. [PMID: 37147480 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01704-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this state-of-the-art review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the various therapeutic effects of Mastic (Pistacia lentiscus) gum on oral health. The search of the literature was conducted across thirteen databases for relevant publications published through May 2022 in English, Arabic, or Greek using a combination of keywords and phrases. Out of 246 papers, the search procedure identified 14 papers for inclusion. Mastic gum displayed antibacterial and antimicrobial properties and inhibited plaque accumulation, constituting a beneficial adjuvant in caries prevention. In the treatment and prevention of periodontal diseases, Pistacia lentiscus essential oil provided effective antibacterial activity against a variety of periodontal bacteria as well as anti-inflammatory properties. For oral cancer, several clinical trials revealed interesting results against cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and regulation of intracellular signaling pathways. This indicates the potential of Mastic gum to serve as a preventive and therapeutic agent for oral mucosa inflammation and oral cancer. No notable toxic or side effects were reported in the clinical trials reviewed. This review highlights the various beneficial effects of Mastic gum in the prevention and potential treatment of oral diseases. Further research targeting Pistacia lentiscus products is required in order to validate and utilize these products to prevent and to treat oral health diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Ali M Alwadi
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amrita Sidhu
- School of Public Health, Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Méghit Boumédiène Khaled
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Life and Natural Science, Lab-NuPABS (Laboratoire de Nutrition, Pathologie, Agro-biotechnologie et Santé), Centre de recherche, route de Mascara, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi Bel Abbès, Algeria
| | - Basil H Aboul-Enein
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, UK.
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20
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Zhang L, Li Y, Yuan L, Zhang Q, Yan Y, Dong F, Tang J, Wang Y. Advanced and Readily-Available Wireless-Powered Blue-Light-Implant for Non-Invasive Peri-Implant Disinfection. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2203472. [PMID: 36935373 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive light-based antibacterial therapy has a good prospect in non-surgical treatment of peri-implant infections. However, its applications are severely limited by poor penetration of light into human tissues, leading to unsatisfying outcomes. Moreover, as an essential prerequisite for traditional light therapy, lasers can no longer meet the patients' needs for convenient treatment at any time. To break through the spatial and temporal limitations of traditional light therapy, a wireless-powered blue-light zirconia implant for readily available treatment of peri-implant infection is proposed. In space, complete irradiation to complex peri-implant structure is realized by the built-in wireless-powered light source, thus improving the efficacy. In time, wireless-powering allows timely and controllable anti-infection treatment. Blue micro-light emitting diodes are used as therapeutic light sources, which effectively kill peri-implant infection-related bacteria without exogenous photosensitive agents. Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm on implant surface can be completely killed after 20 min irradiation in vitro. The bactericidal rate of peri-implant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection reaches 99.96 ± 0.03% under 30 min per day blue light exposure in vivo. Within the scope of this study, the treatment of peri-implant infection with blue-light implant has preliminary feasibility, giving a new approach to non-invasive treatment of deep oral infections, including peri-implant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludan Zhang
- Center of Digital Dentistry/ Department of Prosthodontics, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yamin Li
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lintian Yuan
- Center of Digital Dentistry/ Department of Prosthodontics, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qianyi Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Yan
- Beijing Taia Technology Co. LTD, Beijing, 100089, P. R. China
| | - Fan Dong
- Center of Digital Dentistry/ Department of Prosthodontics, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jun Tang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- Center of Digital Dentistry/ Department of Prosthodontics, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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21
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Gund MP, Naim J, Lehmann A, Hannig M, Linsenmann C, Schindler A, Rupf S. Effects of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Pre-Treatment of Titanium on the Biological Activity of Primary Human Gingival Fibroblasts. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041185. [PMID: 37189803 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma treatment (CAP) enables the contactless modification of titanium. This study aimed to investigate the attachment of primary human gingival fibroblasts on titanium. Machined and microstructured titanium discs were exposed to cold atmospheric plasma, followed by the application of primary human gingival fibroblasts onto the disc. The fibroblast cultures were analyzed by fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy and cell-biological tests. The treated titanium displayed a more homogeneous and denser fibroblast coverage, while its biological behavior was not altered. This study demonstrated for the first time the beneficial effect of CAP treatment on the initial attachment of primary human gingival fibroblasts on titanium. The results support the application of CAP in the context of pre-implantation conditioning, as well as of peri-implant disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madline P Gund
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Jusef Naim
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Antje Lehmann
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification (IOM), 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- ADMEDES GmbH, 75179 Pforzheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Constanze Linsenmann
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Axel Schindler
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification (IOM), 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Piloto Consulting Ion Beam and Plasma Technologies, 04668 Grimma, Germany
| | - Stefan Rupf
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
- Synoptic Dentistry, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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22
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Avery D, Morandini L, Celt N, Bergey L, Simmons J, Martin RK, Donahue HJ, Olivares-Navarrete R. Immune cell response to orthopedic and craniofacial biomaterials depends on biomaterial composition. Acta Biomater 2023; 161:285-297. [PMID: 36905954 PMCID: PMC10269274 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Materials for craniofacial and orthopedic implants are commonly selected based on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. The biocompatibility of these materials is typically assessed in vitro using cell lines, but little is known about the response of immune cells to these materials. This study aimed to evaluate the inflammatory and immune cell response to four common orthopedic materials [pure titanium (Ti), titanium alloy (TiAlV), 316L stainless steel (SS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK)]. Following implantation into mice, we found high recruitment of neutrophils, pro-inflammatory macrophages, and CD4+ T cells in response to PEEK and SS implants. Neutrophils produced higher levels of neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase, and neutrophil extracellular traps in vitro in response to PEEK and SS than neutrophils on Ti or TiAlV. Macrophages co-cultured on PEEK, SS, or TiAlV increased polarization of T cells towards Th1/Th17 subsets and decreased Th2/Treg polarization compared to Ti substrates. Although SS and PEEK are considered biocompatible materials, both induce a more robust inflammatory response than Ti or Ti alloy characterized by high infiltration of neutrophils and T cells, which may cause fibrous encapsulation of these materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Materials for craniofacial and orthopedic implants are commonly selected based on their mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the immune cell response to four common orthopedic and craniofacial biomaterials: pure titanium, titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy, 316L stainless steel, and PEEK. Our results demonstrate that while the biomaterials tested have been shown to be biocompatible and clinically successful, the inflammatory response is largely driven by chemical composition of the biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Avery
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Lais Morandini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Natalie Celt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Leah Bergey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Jamelle Simmons
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Rebecca K Martin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Henry J Donahue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Rene Olivares-Navarrete
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
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23
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Korello K, Eickholz P, Zuhr O, Ratka C, Petsos H. In vitro efficacy of non-surgical and surgical implant surface decontamination methods in three different defect configurations in the presence or absence of a suprastructure. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2023. [PMID: 36918345 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Analysis of the in vitro efficacy of non-surgical and surgical dental implant surface decontamination with or without suprastructure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three hundred and sixty implants were dipped in indelible red and distributed to 30°, 60°, or 90° angulated bone defect models. One hundred and twenty implants were used for each bone defect, 40 of which were assigned to a decontamination method (CUR: curette; SOSC: soundscaler; APA: air powder abrasion). Of these, 20 were subjected to a simulated non-surgical (NST) or surgical treatment (ST), with/without mucosa mask, of which 10 were carried out with (S+) or without (S-) suprastructure. Uncleaned implant surface was assessed by both-sided implant surface photography. Surface morphology changes were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS Cleaning efficacy was significantly better within NST if the suprastructure was removed (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found within ST (p = 0.304). Overall, cleaning efficacy in the order APA > SOSC>CUR decreased significantly (p < 0.0001) for both S+ and S- in NST as well as ST. Separated by NST/ST, S+/S-, defect angulation and decontamination method, only isolated significant differences in cleaning efficacy were present. Linear regression analysis revealed significant associations of remnants with the treatment approach, decontamination method, and defect angle (p < 0.0001). SEM micrographs showed serious surface damage after use of CUR and SOSC. CONCLUSIONS Suprastructure removal is an additional option to improve cleaning efficacy of non-surgical implant surface decontamination in this in vitro model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Korello
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Private Practice, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Peter Eickholz
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Otto Zuhr
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Private Practice, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Hari Petsos
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Private Practice, Butzbach, Germany
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24
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Huang R, He YX, Jia XT, Liu JN, Fan XC, Zeng N, Huang XF. Investigation of periodontal status and bacterial composition aroundmini-implants. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2023:S0889-5406(23)00070-7. [PMID: 36858877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mini-implants are now widely used in orthodontic treatment. Soft-tissue inflammation around the mini-implant is an important factor affecting its stability. This study aimed to investigate the periodontal status and the bacterial composition around mini-implants. METHODS A total of 79 mini-implants in 40 patients (aged 18-45 years) were evaluated in this study. The mini-implant probing depth (mPD), mini-implant gingival sulcus bleeding index (mBI), mini-implant plaque index (mPLI), and the composition of the supragingival and subgingival plaque around the mini-implants were recorded. After Congo red staining, the bacteria were classified and counted under a light microscope. RESULTS The mPLI and mBI around mini-implants in the infrazygomatic crest were higher than those in the buccal shelf and interradicular area. The mPD was higher on the coronal site of the mini-implant than on the mesial, distal, and apical sites in the infrazygomatic crest. The mPLI around the mini-implant was positively correlated with the mBI, and the mBI was positively correlated with the mPD. The supragingival and subgingival bacterial composition around the mini-implants was similar to that of natural teeth. Compared with supragingival bacterial composition, the subgingival bacteria of mini-implants had a significantly lower proportion of cocci and a higher proportion of bacilli and spirochetes. CONCLUSIONS The bacteria composition of the plaque and the location are important factors in the inflammation around mini-implants. Similar to natural teeth, mini-implants require health maintenance to prevent inflammation of the surrounding soft tissue and maintain stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yin-Xue He
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Ting Jia
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Nan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Fan
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zeng
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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25
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Lv X, Wang L, Mei A, Xu Y, Ruan X, Wang W, Shao J, Yang D, Dong X. Recent Nanotechnologies to Overcome the Bacterial Biofilm Matrix Barriers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206220. [PMID: 36470671 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilm-related infectious diseases severely influence human health. Under typical situations, pathogens can colonize inert or biological surfaces and form biofilms. Biofilms are functional aggregates that coat bacteria with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The main reason for the failure of biofilm infection treatment is the low permeability and enrichment of therapeutic agents within the biofilm, which results from the particular features of biofilm matrix barriers such as negatively charged biofilm components and highly viscous compact EPS structures. Hence, developing novel therapeutic strategies with enhanced biofilm penetrability is crucial. Herein, the current progress of nanotechnology methods to improve therapeutic agents' penetrability against biofilm matrix, such as regulating material morphology and surface properties, utilizing the physical penetration of nano/micromotors or microneedle patches, and equipping nanoparticles with EPS degradation enzymes or signal molecules, is first summarized. Finally, the challenges, perspectives, and future implementations of engineered delivery systems to manage biofilm infections are presented in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Leichen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Anqing Mei
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiaohong Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Jinjun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, China
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
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26
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Alharbi MS, Alshehri FA, Alobaidi AS, Alrowis R, Alshibani N, Niazy AA. High molecular weight hyaluronic acid reduces the growth and biofilm formation of the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:141-146. [PMID: 36942200 PMCID: PMC10024125 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is viewed as a keystone microorganism in the pathogenesis of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is believed to exert antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study is to assess the in-vitro growth and biofilm formation of P. gingivalis under HA and compare the effect of HA to that of azithromycin (AZM) and chlorhexidine (CHX). Materials and methods In each material, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), 50% MIC, 25% MIC, and 12.5% MIC were tested. The growth of P. gingivalis was evaluated by absorbance spectrophotometry after 48 h. A biofilm inhibition assay was performed on a 72-hour culture by washing planktonic bacterial cells, fixing and staining adherent cells, and measuring the variation in stain concentrations relative to the untreated control using absorbance spectrophotometry. Results The results show that the overall growth of P. gingivalis after 48 h was 0.048 ± 0.030, 0.008 ± 0.013, and 0.073 ± 0.071 under HA, AZM, and CHX, respectively, while the untreated control reached 0.236 ± 0.039. HA was also able to significantly reduce the biofilm formation of P. gingivalis by 64.30 % ± 22.39, while AZM and CHX reduced biofilm formation by 91.16 %±12.58 and 88.35 %±17.11, respectively. Conclusions High molecular-weight HA significantly inhibited the growth of P. gingivalis. The overall effect of HA on the growth of P. gingivalis was similar to that of CHX but less than that of AZM. HA was also able to significantly reduce the biofilm formation of P. gingivalis. However, the ability of HA to prevent the biofilm formation of P. gingivalis was generally less than that of both AZM and CHX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meshal S. Alharbi
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, 12372 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Qassim Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, 52367 Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Alshehri
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, 12372 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ahmed S. Alobaidi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 4255, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed Alrowis
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, 12372 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Alshibani
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, 12372 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdurahman A. Niazy
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, 12372 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Amodeo AA, Butera A, Lattari M, Stablum G, Abbinante A, Agneta MT, Lanzetti J, Tomassi D, Piscicelli S, Luperini M, Colavito A, Chiavistelli L, Politangeli R, Castaldi M, Nardi GM. Consensus Report of the Technical-Scientific Associations of Italian Dental Hygienists and the Academy of Advanced Technologies in Oral Hygiene Sciences on the Non-Surgical Treatment of Peri-Implant Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2268. [PMID: 36767633 PMCID: PMC9916275 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recent publication of the new classification of periodontal and peri-implant disease has given clear indications on the parameters to be taken into consideration to correctly diagnose the different phases of these diseases. To date, however, there are no equally clear indications on the treatments to be implemented to solve these diseases. The objective of this Consensus Report is to provide guidance for the non-surgical management of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. For the drafting of the consensus, the most recent scientific literature was analysed. MATERIALS AND METHODS A group of 15 expert Italian dental hygienists were selected by the Italian technical-scientific societies (AIDI, UNID and ATASIO) and, starting from the literature review, they formulated indications according to the GRADE method (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation, a tool for rating the quality of evidence, used to draw up systematic reviews and clinical guidelines) on the treatment of peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis and on management of the various implanting surfaces. CONCLUSIONS in accordance with the international literature, non-surgical therapy alone can resolve peri-implant mucositis, but not peri-implantitis. Several adjunctive therapies have been considered and some appear to be helpful in managing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio A. Amodeo
- RDH DHA, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- RDH DHA, IRCCS Foundation, Ca’Granda General Hospital in Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Butera
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Stablum
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonia Abbinante
- RDH, AIDI (Associazione Igienisti Dentali Italiani), University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Domenico Tomassi
- RDH DHA, Catholic University of the Sacred Hear, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Luperini
- RDH DHA, UNID, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Arcangela Colavito
- RDH DHA, ATASIO (Accademia Tecnologie Avanzate nelle Scienze di Igiene Orale), 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Lorella Chiavistelli
- RDH DHA, ATASIO (Accademia Tecnologie Avanzate nelle Scienze di Igiene Orale), 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Rita Politangeli
- RDH DHA, ATASIO (Accademia Tecnologie Avanzate nelle Scienze di Igiene Orale), 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Matteo Castaldi
- RDH DHA, ATASIO (Accademia Tecnologie Avanzate nelle Scienze di Igiene Orale), 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianna Maria Nardi
- RDH DHA, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
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28
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Canullo L, Rakic M, Corvino E, Burton M, Krumbeck JA, Chittoor Prem A, Ravidà A, Ignjatović N, Sculean A, Menini M, Pesce P. Effect of argon plasma pre-treatment of healing abutments on peri-implant microbiome and soft tissue integration: a proof-of-concept randomized study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:27. [PMID: 36650477 PMCID: PMC9843976 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Biofilm-free implant surface is ultimate prerequisite for successful soft and bone tissue integration. Objective of the study was to estimate the effects of argon plasma healing abutment pre-treatment (PT) on peri-implant soft-tissue phenotype (PiSP), inflammation, plaque accumulation and the microbiome (PiM) between non-treated (NPT) and treated (PT) abutments following 3-months healing period. The hypothesis was that cell-conductive and antimicrobial properties of PT would yield optimal conditions for soft tissue integration. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two months following second-phase surgery, microbiological and clinical parameters were assessed around thirty-six healing abutments with two types of microtopography, smooth surface (MACHINED) and ultrathin threaded microsurface (ROUGH). A two level randomization schema was used to achieve equal distribution and abutments were randomly divided into rough and machined groups, and then divided into PT and NPT groups. PiM was assessed using next-generation DNA sequencing. RESULTS PiM bacterial composition was highly diverse already two months post-implantation, consisting of key-stone pathogens, early and late colonizers, while the mycobiome was less diverse. PT was associated with lower plaque accumulation and inflammation without significant impact on PiSP, while in NPT clinical parameters were increased and associated with periopathogens. NPT mostly harbored late colonizers, while PT exerted higher abundance of early colonizers suggesting less advanced plaque formation. Interaction analysis in PT demonstrated S. mitis co-occurrence with pro-healthy Rothia dentocariosa and co-exclusion with Parvimonas micra, Porphyromonas endodontalis and Prevotella oris. PiSP parameters were generally similar between the groups, but significant association between PiM and keratinized mucosa width was observed in both groups, with remarkably more expressed diversity in NPT compared to PT. PT resulted in significantly lower BOP and PI around rough and machined abutments, respectively, without specific effect on PiM and PiSP. CONCLUSIONS PT contributed to significantly the less advanced biofilm accumulation and inflammation without specific effects on PiSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Canullo
- grid.5734.50000 0001 0726 5157Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland ,grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mia Rakic
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Corvino
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Burton
- Zymo Research Corporation, 17062 Murphy Ave, Irvine, CA 92614 USA
| | - Janina A. Krumbeck
- Zymo Research Corporation, 17062 Murphy Ave, Irvine, CA 92614 USA ,Pangea Laboratory, 14762 Bentley Cir., Tustin, CA 92780 USA
| | | | | | - Nenad Ignjatović
- grid.419857.60000 0001 2221 9722Institute of Technical Science of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Anton Sculean
- grid.5734.50000 0001 0726 5157Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maria Menini
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Pesce
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Zhang Z, Ji C, Wang D, Wang M, Song D, Xu X, Zhang D. The burden of diabetes on the soft tissue seal surrounding the dental implants. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1136973. [PMID: 36875028 PMCID: PMC9978121 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1136973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue seal around implant prostheses is considered the primary barrier against adverse external stimuli and is a critical factor in maintaining dental implants' stability. Soft tissue seal is formed mainly by the adhesion of epithelial tissue and fibrous connective tissue to the transmembrane portion of the implant. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the risk factors for peri-implant inflammation, and peri-implant disease may be triggered by dysfunction of the soft tissue barrier around dental implants. This is increasingly considered a promising target for disease treatment and management. However, many studies have demonstrated that pathogenic bacterial infestation, gingival immune inflammation, overactive matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), impaired wound healing processes and excessive oxidative stress may trigger poor peri-implant soft tissue sealing, which may be more severe in the T2DM state. This article reviews the structure of peri-implant soft tissue seal, peri-implant disease and treatment, and moderating mechanisms of impaired soft tissue seal around implants due to T2DM to inform the development of treatment strategies for dental implants in patients with dental defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwei Zhang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral, Shandong University , Jinan, China
| | - Chonghao Ji
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral, Shandong University , Jinan, China
| | | | - Maoshan Wang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral, Shandong University , Jinan, China
| | - Dawei Song
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral, Shandong University , Jinan, China
| | - Dongjiao Zhang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral, Shandong University , Jinan, China
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Stein JM, Conrads G, Abdelbary MMH, Yekta-Michael SS, Buttler P, Glock J, Sadvandi G, Kaufmann R, Apel C. Antimicrobial efficiency and cytocompatibility of different decontamination methods on titanium and zirconium surfaces. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34:20-32. [PMID: 36259118 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficiency of different implant-decontamination methods regarding biofilm modification and potential cytotoxic effects. Therefore, the amount of biofilm reduction, cytocompatibility, and elementary surface alterations were evaluated after decontamination of titanium and zirconium surfaces. MATERIAL AND METHODS Titanium and zirconium disks were contaminated with a newly developed high-adherence biofilm consisting of six microbial species. Decontaminations were performed using titanium curette, stainless steel ultrasonic scaler (US), glycine (GPAP) and erythritol (EPAP) powder air-polishing, Er:YAG laser, 1% chlorhexidine (CHX), 10% povidone-iodine (PVI), 14% doxycycline (doxy), and 0.95% NaOCl solution. Microbiologic analysis was done using real-time qPCR. For assessment of cytocompatibility, a multiplex assay for the detection of cytotoxicity, viability, and apoptosis on human gingival fibroblasts was performed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to evaluate chemical alterations on implant surfaces. RESULTS Compared with untreated control disks, only GPAP, EPAP, US, and Er:YAG laser significantly reduced rRNA counts (activity) on titanium and zirconium (p < .01), whereas NaOCl decreased rRNA count on titanium (p < .01). Genome count (bacterial presence) was significantly reduced by GPAP, EPAP, and US on zirconium only (p < .05). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses revealed relevant re-exposure of implant surface elements after GPAP, EPAP, and US treatment on both materials, however, not after Er:YAG laser application. Cytocompatibility was impaired by CHX, PVI, doxy, and NaOCl. CHX and PVI resulted in the lowest viability and doxy in the highest apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of this in vitro study, air-polishing methods and ultrasonic device resulted in effective biofilm inactivation with surface re-exposure and favorable cytocompatibility on titanium and zirconium. Chemical agents, when applied on implant surfaces, may cause potential cytotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal M Stein
- Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital (RWTH), Aachen, Germany.,Private Practice, Aachen, Germany
| | - Georg Conrads
- Division of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mohamed M H Abdelbary
- Division of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Patricia Buttler
- Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Joanna Glock
- Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Gelareh Sadvandi
- Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Kaufmann
- DWI - Leibnitz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Apel
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University & Hospital, Germany
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Eguia A. On Peri-Implant Bone Loss Theories: Trying To Piece Together the Jigsaw. Cureus 2023; 15:e33237. [PMID: 36733558 PMCID: PMC9890078 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to explore the plausibility of new theories on the etiopathogenesis of marginal bone loss (MBL) and peri-implantitis (PI) and to discuss possible underlying pathogenic mechanisms. The former concept of osteointegration of dental implants can now be conceptualized as a foreign body response histologically characterized by a bony demarcation in combination with chronic inflammation. Different risk factors can provoke additional inflammation and, therefore, pro-inflammatory cytokine release in soft tissues and bone, leading to an overpass of the threshold of peri-implant bone defensive and regenerative capacity. Progressive bone loss observed in MBL and PI is ultimately due to a localized imbalance in the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL)/Receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B (RANK)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) pathway in favor of increased catabolic activity. The genetic background and the severity and duration of the risk factors could explain differences between individuals in the threshold needed to reach an imbalanced scenario. MBL and PI pathogenesis could be better explained by the "inflammation-immunological balance" theory rather than a solely "infectious disease" conception. The link between the effect of biofilm and other risk factors leading to an imbalanced foreign body response lies in osteoclast differentiation and activation pathways (over)stimulation.
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Chiou LL, Panariello BHD, Hamada Y, Gregory RL, Blanchard S, Duarte S. Comparison of In Vitro Biofilm Formation on Titanium and Zirconia Implants. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:8728499. [PMID: 37096222 PMCID: PMC10122594 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8728499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Peri-implant diseases are emerging issues in contemporary implant dentistry. As biofilms play a critical role in peri-implant diseases, the characteristic of resisting bacterial adhesion would be ideal for dental implants. The aims of the study were to compare titanium (Ti) and zirconia (Zr) implants regarding the amount of biofilm formation at different time frames and assess the distribution of biofilm on different aspects of dental implants. Methods Biofilm was developed on Ti and Zr dental implants with a peri-implant-related multispecies model with Streptococcus oralis, Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonella dispar, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, for 3 and 14 days. Quantitative assessment was performed with the measurement of total bacterial viability (colony forming units, CFU/mg). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate biofilm formation on different aspects of the implants. Results Three-day-old biofilm on Ti implants was significantly higher than that on Zr implants (p < 0.001). The Ti and Zr groups were not significantly different for 14-day-old biofilm. SEM images demonstrated that 3-day-old biofilm on Zr implants was sparse while biofilm growth was more pronounced for 3-day-old biofilm on Ti implants and 14-day-old biofilm groups. It appeared that less biofilm formed on the valley compared to the thread top for 3-day-old biofilm on Zr implants. Differences between the valley and the thread top became indistinguishable with the development of mature biofilm. Conclusion While early formed biofilms show greater accumulation on Ti implants compared to Zr implants, older biofilms between the two groups are comparable. The distribution of biofilms was not uniform on different areas of implant threads during early biofilm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Lin Chiou
- Department of Periodontology, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Beatriz H. D. Panariello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yusuke Hamada
- Department of Periodontology, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Richard L. Gregory
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Steven Blanchard
- Department of Periodontology, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Simone Duarte
- American Dental Association Science and Research Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
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Costa RC, Nagay BE, Dini C, Borges MHR, Miranda LFB, Cordeiro JM, Souza JGS, Sukotjo C, Cruz NC, Barão VAR. The race for the optimal antimicrobial surface: perspectives and challenges related to plasma electrolytic oxidation coating for titanium-based implants. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 311:102805. [PMID: 36434916 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is a low-cost, structurally reliable, and environmentally friendly surface modification method for orthopedic and dental implants. This technique is successful for the formation of porous, corrosion-resistant, and bioactive coatings, besides introducing antimicrobial compounds easily. Given the increase in implant-related infections, antimicrobial PEO-treated surfaces have been widely proposed to surmount this public health concern. This review comprehensively discusses antimicrobial implant surfaces currently produced by PEO in terms of their in vitro and in vivo microbiological and biological properties. We present a critical [part I] and evidence-based [part II] review about the plethora of antimicrobial PEO-treated surfaces. The mechanism of microbial accumulation on implanted devices and the principles of PEO technology to ensure antimicrobial functionalization by one- or multi-step processes are outlined. Our systematic literature search showed that particular focus has been placed on the metallic and semi-metallic elements incorporated into PEO surfaces to facilitate antimicrobial properties, which are often dose-dependent, without leading to cytotoxicity in vitro. Meanwhile, there are concerns over the biocompatibility of PEO and its long-term antimicrobial effects in animal models. We clearly highlight the importance of using clinically relevant infection models and in vivo long-term assessments to guarantee the rational design of antimicrobial PEO-treated surfaces to identify the 'finish line' in the race for antimicrobial implant surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael C Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sāo Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Bruna E Nagay
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sāo Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Caroline Dini
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sāo Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Maria H R Borges
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sāo Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Luís F B Miranda
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sāo Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Jairo M Cordeiro
- Department of Dentistry, Centro Universitário das Faculdades Associadas de Ensino (UNIFAE), Sāo Joāo da Boa Vista, Sāo Paulo 13870-377, Brazil
| | - Joāo G S Souza
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Sāo Paulo 07023-070, Brazil; Dentistry Science School (Faculdade de Ciências Odontológicas - FCO), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais 39401-303, Brazil
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Nilson C Cruz
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, Institute of Science and Technology, Sāo Paulo State University (UNESP), Sorocaba, Sāo Paulo 18087-180, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sāo Paulo 13414-903, Brazil.
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Pierre C, Bertrand G, Pavy I, Benhamou O, Rey C, Roques C, Combes C. Antibacterial Electrodeposited Copper-Doped Calcium Phosphate Coatings for Dental Implants. J Funct Biomater 2022; 14:jfb14010020. [PMID: 36662066 PMCID: PMC9863956 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental implants provide a good solution for the replacement of tooth roots. However, the full restoration of tooth functions relies on the bone-healing period before positioning the abutment and the crown on the implant, with the associated risk of post-operative infection. This study aimed at developing a homogeneous and adherent thin calcium phosphate antibacterial coating on titanium dental implants by electrodeposition to favor both implant osseointegration and to limit peri-implantitis. By combining global (XRD, FTIR-ATR, elemental titration) and local (SEM, Raman spectroscopy on the coating surface and thickness) characterization techniques, we determined the effect of electrodeposition time on the characteristics and phases content of the coating and the associated mechanism of its formation. The 1-min-electrodeposited CaP coating (thickness: 2 ± 1 μm) was mainly composed of nano-needles of octacalcium phosphate. We demonstrated its mechanical stability after screwing and unscrewing the dental implant in an artificial jawbone. Then, we showed that we can reach a high copper incorporation rate (up to a 27% Cu/(Cu+Ca) molar ratio) in this CaP coating by using an ionic exchange post-treatment with copper nitrate solution at different concentrations. The biological properties (antibiofilm activity and cytotoxicity) were tested in vitro using a model of mixed bacteria biofilm mimicking peri-implantitis and the EN 10993-5 standard (direct contact), respectively. An efficient copper-doping dose was determined, providing an antibiofilm property to the coating without cytotoxic side effects. By combining the electrodeposition and copper ionic exchange processes, we can develop an antibiofilm calcium phosphate coating on dental implants with a tunable thickness and phases content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Pierre
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP-ENSIACET, 31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Ghislaine Bertrand
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP-ENSIACET, 31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Iltaf Pavy
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Benhamou
- Arts Loi Dental Clinic, Rue de la Loi 28, 1040 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Christian Rey
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP-ENSIACET, 31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Roques
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Christèle Combes
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP-ENSIACET, 31030 Toulouse, France
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Bertolini M, Costa RC, Barão VAR, Cunha Villar C, Retamal-Valdes B, Feres M, Silva Souza JG. Oral Microorganisms and Biofilms: New Insights to Defeat the Main Etiologic Factor of Oral Diseases. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122413. [PMID: 36557666 PMCID: PMC9781395 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity presents a highly diverse community of microorganisms due to the unique environmental conditions for microbial adhesion and growth [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Martinna Bertolini
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15106, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Raphael Cavalcante Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Valentim Adelino Ricardo Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristina Cunha Villar
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-010, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Magda Feres
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 05508-010, SP, Brazil
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Forsyth Institute, Boston, MA 02142, USA
| | - João Gabriel Silva Souza
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 05508-010, SP, Brazil
- Dental Science School (Faculdade de Ciências Odontológicas—FCO), Montes Claros 39401-303, MG, Brazil
- Oncovida Cancer Research Center, Montes Claros 39400-111, MG, Brazil
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Qiu P, Feng L, Fu Q, Dai T, Liu M, Wang P, Lan Y. Dual-Functional Polyetheretherketone Surface with an Enhanced Osteogenic Capability and an Antibacterial Adhesion Property In Vitro by Chitosan Modification. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:14712-14724. [PMID: 36420594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A chitosan layer was covalently bonded to a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) surface using a simple facile self-assembly method to address inadequate biological activity and infection around the implant. The surface characterization, layer degradation, biological activity, and antibacterial adhesion properties of chitosan-modified PEEK (PEEK-CS) were studied. Through chitosan grafting, the surface morphology changed, the surface roughness increased, and the contact angle decreased significantly. PEEK-CS boosted cell adhesion, proliferation, increased alkaline phosphate activity, extracellular matrix mineralization, and expression of osteogenic genes. PEEK-CS demonstrated less adhesion to Porphyromonas gingivalis as well as less bacterial adhesion to P. gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans. According to our findings, chitosan modification significantly improved the osteogenic ability and antibacterial adhesion of PEEK in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qiu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou646000, China
| | - Le Feng
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou646000, China
| | - Qilin Fu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou646000, China
| | - Tao Dai
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou646000, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou646000, China
| | - Pin Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou646000, China
| | - Yuyan Lan
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou646000, China
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Luengo F, Sanz‐Esporrín J, Noguerol F, Sanz‐Martín I, Sanz‐Sánchez I, Sanz M. In vitro effect of different implant decontamination methods in three intraosseous defect configurations. Clin Oral Implants Res 2022; 33:1087-1097. [PMID: 35997508 PMCID: PMC9825956 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in vitro investigation was aimed to evaluate the cleaning ability of four mechanical devices designed for decontaminating implant surfaces. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety-six implants were coated with permanent ink and inserted into 3D-printed resin blocks simulating three different intraosseous defect configurations (types Ib, Ic, and Ie). The four tested mechanical decontamination devices (air-polishing with glycine powder, rotating titanium brush, polyetheretherketone [PEEK]-coated ultrasonic tip, and stainless steel ultrasonic tip) were randomly applied onto the 5 mm exposed implant surface. Standardized photographs were taken from a frontal perspective and with a 30° angle coronally and apically to the implant axis. The area with remnant ink on the implant surface was calculated. RESULTS Although none of the groups achieved complete ink removal, air-polishing with glycine and titanium brushes demonstrated a higher cleaning ability when compared with ultrasonic devices either with standard or PEEK tips for all three defect configurations. For the three tested models, the best cleaning ability in all groups was shown on implant surfaces without facing an intraosseous wall. Titanium brush was the most effective when the intraosseous walls existed. Cleaning effectiveness diminished in the threads located in the apical third, especially when using air-polishing and ultrasonic devices. CONCLUSIONS Titanium brushes and air-polishing devices were more effective in removing artificial biofilm using this in vitro model, although their effectiveness was influenced by the presence of the intrabony component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Luengo
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of OdontologyUniversity ComplutenseMadridSpain,ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri‐implant Diseases) Research GroupUniversity ComplutenseMadridSpain
| | - Javier Sanz‐Esporrín
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of OdontologyUniversity ComplutenseMadridSpain,ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri‐implant Diseases) Research GroupUniversity ComplutenseMadridSpain
| | - Fernando Noguerol
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of OdontologyUniversity ComplutenseMadridSpain
| | | | - Ignacio Sanz‐Sánchez
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of OdontologyUniversity ComplutenseMadridSpain,ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri‐implant Diseases) Research GroupUniversity ComplutenseMadridSpain
| | - Mariano Sanz
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of OdontologyUniversity ComplutenseMadridSpain,ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri‐implant Diseases) Research GroupUniversity ComplutenseMadridSpain
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Panariello BHD, Mody DP, Eckert GJ, Witek L, Coelho PG, Duarte S. Low-Temperature Plasma Short Exposure to Decontaminate Peri-Implantitis-Related Multispecies Biofilms on Titanium Surfaces In Vitro. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1549774. [PMID: 37228507 PMCID: PMC10205409 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1549774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of low-temperature plasma (LTP) is a novel approach to treating peri-implantitis. LTP disrupts the biofilm while conditioning the surrounding host environment for bone growth around the infected implant. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of LTP on newly formed (24 h), intermediate (3 days), and mature (7 days) peri-implant-related biofilms formed on titanium surfaces. METHODS Actinomyces naeslundii (ATCC 12104), Porphyromonas gingivalis (W83), Streptococcus oralis (ATCC 35037), and Veillonella dispar (ATCC 17748) were cultivated in brain heart infusion supplemented with 1% yeast extract, hemin (0.5 mg/mL), and menadione (5 mg/mL) and kept at 37°C in anaerobic conditions for 24 h. Species were mixed for a final concentration of ~105 colony forming units (CFU)/mL (OD = 0.01), and the bacterial suspension was put in contact with titanium specimens (7.5 mm in diameter by 2 mm in thickness) for biofilm formation. Biofilms were treated with LTP for 1, 3, and 5 min at 3 or 10 mm from plasma tip to sample. Controls were those having no treatment (negative control, NC) and argon flow under the same LTP conditions. Positive controls were those treated with 14 μg/mL amoxicillin and 140 μg/mL metronidazole individually or combined and 0.12% chlorhexidine (n = 6 per group). Biofilms were evaluated by CFU, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Comparisons among bacteria; 24 h, 3-day, and 7-day biofilms; and treatments for each biofilm were made. Wilcoxon signed-rank and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were applied (α = 0.05). RESULTS Bacterial growth was observed in all NC groups, corroborated by FISH. LTP treatment significantly reduced all bacteria species compared to the NC in all biofilm periods and treatment conditions (p ≤ 0.016), and CLSM corroborated these results. CONCLUSION Within the limitation of this study, we conclude that LTP application effectively reduces peri-implantitis-related multispecies biofilms on titanium surfaces in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Drashty P. Mody
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - George J. Eckert
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
| | - Lukasz Witek
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paulo G. Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simone Duarte
- American Dental Association Science and Research Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
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The effect of surface material, roughness and wettability on the adhesion and proliferation of Streptococcus gordonii, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis. J Dent Sci 2022; 18:517-525. [PMID: 37123448 PMCID: PMC10131180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Dental implants are inevitably exposed to bacteria in oral cavity. Understanding the colonization of bacteria on implant surface is necessary to prevent bacteria-related inflammation surrounding dental implants. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of surface properties on biofilm formation on the implant surface. Materials and methods One early colonizer, Streptococcus gordonii (S. gordonii), and two late colonizers, Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), were grown on the titanium and zirconia surfaces with two types of surface roughness for 24 and 72 h. Each bacterial biofilm on specimens was quantified using crystal violet assay and observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results S. gordonii formed more biofilm on the titanium surface than zirconia at the same roughness and more biofilm on the rough surface than smooth one of the same materials at 24 and 72 h of incubation. F. nucleatum adhered on all the surfaces at 24 h and proliferated actively on the surfaces except smooth zirconia at 72 h. P. gingivalis proliferated vigorously on the surfaces at 72 h while it scarcely adhered at 24 h. There was no consistent correlation between contact angle and biofilm formation of the three bacteria. Conclusion The three bacteria proliferated most on the rough titanium surface and least on the smooth zirconia surface. In addition, the proliferation was affected by the bacterial species as well as the surface properties.
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High Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid Reduces the Expression of Virulence Genes fimA, mfa1, hagA, rgpA, and kgp in the Oral Pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081628. [PMID: 36015254 PMCID: PMC9415305 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a cornerstone pathogen in the development and progression of periodontal and peri-implant tissue destruction. It is capable of causing dysbiosis of the microbial biofilm and modulation of the host immune system. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan found in all living organisms. It is well known and has been used for improving tissue healing. In addition, some studies have suggested that there may be an antimicrobial potential to HA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hyaluronic acid, azithromycin (AZM), and chlorhexidine (CHX) on the expression of genes (i.e., fimA, mfa1, hagA, rgpA, rgpB, and kgp) related to the virulence and adhesion of P. gingivalis. The study groups were divided into four: (1) HA treated group; (2) AZM treated group; (3) CHX treated group; and (4) untreated group to serve as a negative control. P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 was cultured and then exposed to four different concentrations (100% MIC, 50% MIC, 25% MIC, and 12.5% MIC) of HA, AZM, and CHX for 24 h. The expression levels of the aforementioned genes were measured using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Relative fold-change values were calculated and compared between groups. The fold-change values of all genes combined were 0.46 ± 0.33, 0.31 ± 0.24, and 0.84 ± 0.77 for HA, AZM, and CHX, respectively. HA has downregulated all the genes by mostly a half-fold: 0.35 ± 0.20, 0.47 ± 0.35, 0.44 ± 0.25, 0.67 ± 0.46, 0.48 ± 0.33 and 0.35 ± 0.22 with fimA, mfa1, hagA, rgpA, rgpB and kgp, respectively. The effect of HA was significant on all genes except rgpB compared to the untreated control. Lower concentrations of HA tended to exhibit greater downregulation with 1 mg/mL being the most effective. High molecular weight (1.5 MDa) hyaluronic acid has a potent effect on P. gingivalis by downregulating fimA, mfa1, hagA, rgpA, and kgp. The effect of HA was generally less than that of AZM but greater than that of CHX.
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Lee SK, Ji MK, Jo YJ, Park C, Cho H, Lim HP. Effect of Non-Thermal Plasma Treatment of Contaminated Zirconia Surface on Porphyromonas gingivalis Adhesion and Osteoblast Viability. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155348. [PMID: 35955282 PMCID: PMC9369701 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasma treatment on a zirconia surface prevents bacterial contamination and maintains osteoblast activity. To assess the degree of adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis on a zirconia surface after non-thermal plasma (NTP) treatment, specimens were treated with plasma for 60, 300, and 600 s, after which P. gingivalis was inoculated onto the surface and incubated for 48 h. To assess osteoblast activity after NTP treatment, osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) were dispensed onto the specimens contaminated with P. gingivalis immediately after NTP for 60 and 120 s, followed by incubation for 48, 72, and 96 h. P. gingivalis was cultured after 60 s of NTP treatment of zirconia. The NTP and control groups showed no significant difference (p = 0.91), but adhesion was significantly increased following NTP treatment for 300 s or longer (300, 600 s groups) (p < 0.05). After NTP treatment of P. gingivalis-contaminated zirconia, osteoblast activity significantly increased at 72 and 96 h (I60 and I120 s group) in the groups treated with plasma (p < 0.017). Application of NTP to dental zirconia implants for 60 s not only inhibits the proliferation of P. gingivalis, which causes peri-implantitis but also increases osseointegration on zirconia surfaces contaminated with P. gingivalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Ki Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University, Daejeon 35233, Korea;
| | - Min-Kyung Ji
- Dental 4D Research Center, Chonnam National University, 33 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Yu-Jin Jo
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, 33 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (Y.-J.J.); (C.P.)
| | - Chan Park
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, 33 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (Y.-J.J.); (C.P.)
| | - Hoonsung Cho
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chonnam National University, 33 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (H.-P.L.); Tel.: +82-62-530-1717 (H.C.); +82-62-530-5577 (H.-P.L.)
| | - Hyun-Pil Lim
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, 33 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (Y.-J.J.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (H.-P.L.); Tel.: +82-62-530-1717 (H.C.); +82-62-530-5577 (H.-P.L.)
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An Umbrella Review on Low-Abrasive Air Powder Water Jet Technology in Periodontitis and Peri-Implantitis Patients. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12147203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This umbrella review was conducted to assess the existing literature and scientific evidence on air powder water jet technology (APWJT) in periodontal and peri-implantitis therapy. A systematic literature search for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the last decade on the use of APWJT in periodontitis and implant patients was performed in the databases of MEDLINE/Ovid, Embase, Cochrane library and Scopus. An additional hand search on PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted. Ten articles that fit the inclusion criteria were selected after the full-text screening. Two systematic reviews, including one with a meta-analysis, investigated the use of APWJT in active periodontal therapy. The use of APWJT as an adjunct to conventional scaling and root planing (SRP) in active periodontal treatment showed improved results in the test group. Six articles, including two with a meta-analysis, reported on the use of APWJT as a stand-alone therapy or as an adjunct in supportive periodontal therapy. Similarly significant improved results were reported for the use of APWJT. Regarding the active treatment of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, four systematic reviews could not show an improved clinical outcome when APWJT was used as an adjunct to conventional treatment measures. Furthermore, one article investigated APWJT as a stand-alone therapy or as an adjunct in supportive peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis therapy. In systematic reviews that also investigated patient perception, APWJT was generally well-tolerated by the patient. Within the limitations of this umbrella review, it can be concluded that the use of APWJT with low-abrasive powders such as glycine, erythritol or trehalose as an adjunct in active periodontitis therapy shows similar clinical results compared to conventional SRP alone. In surgical peri-implantitis treatment, APWJT can be used adjunctively. It could be considered that the use of APWJT in supportive periodontal treatment results in a comparable clinical outcome and an enhanced patient perception, as well as a shorter clinical time.
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Faveri M, Lamunier L, de Figueiredo LC, Meza-Mauricio J, Scombatti de Souza SL, Bueno-Silva B. In vitro antimicrobial effect of titanium anodization on complex multispecies subgingival biofilm. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:656-662. [PMID: 35938693 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2070431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anodization is a routine industrial galvanic method that produces a titanium oxide layer on the surface of titanium. Considering the possibility that this technique could influence microbial adsorption and colonization, this in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the impact of a process of anodization applied to a titanium surface on the microbial profile of multispecies subgingival biofilm. Titanium discs produced by using two different processes-conventional and Anodization-were divided into two groups: conventional titanium discs with machined surface (cpTi) Control Group and titanium discs with anodic oxidation treatment (anTi) Test Group. Subgingival biofilm composed of 33 species was formed on the titanium discs that were positioned vertically in 96-well plates, for 7 days. The proportions and the counts of microbial species were determined using a DNA-DNA hybridization technique, and data were evaluated using Mann-Whitney test (p < 0.05). Mean total bacterial counts were lower in Test Group in comparison with Control Group (p < 0.05). Nine bacterial species differed significantly, and were found in higher levels in Control Group in comparison with Test Group, including T. forsythia, E. nodatum, and F. periodonticum. In conclusion, titanium discs with anodization could alter the microbial profile of the biofilm formed around them. Further clinical studies should be conducted to confirm the clinical impact of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Faveri
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Livia Lamunier
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Jonathan Meza-Mauricio
- Professor, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Sérgio Luís Scombatti de Souza
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
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Lesmana R, Zulhendri F, Fearnley J, Irsyam IA, Rasyid RPHN, Abidin T, Abdulah R, Suwantika A, Paradkar A, Budiman AS, Pasang T. The Suitability of Propolis as a Bioactive Component of Biomaterials. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:930515. [PMID: 35754488 PMCID: PMC9213800 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.930515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a resinous product collected by bees from plant exudates to protect and maintain hive homeostasis. Propolis has been used therapeutically for centuries as folk medicine. Modern research investigating the diversity of the chemical composition and plant sources, biological activity, extraction processes, analytical methods, and therapeutic properties in clinical settings have been carried out extensively since the 1980s. Due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immuno-modulator properties, propolis appears to be a suitable bioactive component to be incorporated into biomaterials. This review article attempts to analyze the potential application of propolis as a biomaterial component from the available experimental evidence. The efficacy and compabitility of propolis depend upon factors, such as types of extracts and types of biomaterials. Generally, propolis appears to be compatible with hydroxyapatite/calcium phosphate-based biomaterials. Propolis enhances the antimicrobial properties of the resulting composite materials while improving the physicochemical properties. Furthermore, propolis is also compatible with wound/skin dressing biomaterials. Propolis improves the wound healing properties of the biomaterials with no negative effects on the physicochemical properties of the composite biomaterials. However, the effect of propolis on the glass-based biomaterials cannot be generalized. Depending on the concentration, types of extract, and geographical sources of the propolis, the effect on the glass biomaterials can either be an improvement or detrimental in terms of mechanical properties such as compressive strength and shear bond strength. In conclusion, two of the more consistent impacts of propolis across these different types of biomaterials are the enhancement of the antimicrobial and the immune-modulator/anti-inflammatory properties resulting from the combination of propolis and the biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronny Lesmana
- Physiology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Biological Activity Division, Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Felix Zulhendri
- Physiology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Kebun Efi, Kabanjahe, Indonesia
| | | | - Ilham A Irsyam
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Renaldi P H N Rasyid
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Trimurni Abidin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Auliya Suwantika
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Anant Paradkar
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Engineering Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Arief S Budiman
- Department of Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering and Technology, Oregon Institute of Technology, Klamath Falls, OR, United States.,Industrial Engineering Department, BINUS Graduate Program, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Timotius Pasang
- Department of Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering and Technology, Oregon Institute of Technology, Klamath Falls, OR, United States
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Costa RC, Bertolini M, Costa Oliveira BE, Nagay BE, Dini C, Benso B, Klein MI, Barāo VAR, Souza JGS. Polymicrobial biofilms related to dental implant diseases: unravelling the critical role of extracellular biofilm matrix. Crit Rev Microbiol 2022; 49:370-390. [PMID: 35584310 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2062219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are complex tri-dimensional structures that encase microbial cells in an extracellular matrix comprising self-produced polymeric substances. The matrix rich in extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) contributes to the unique features of biofilm lifestyle and structure, enhancing microbial accretion, biofilm virulence, and antimicrobial resistance. The role of the EPS matrix of biofilms growing on biotic surfaces, especially dental surfaces, is largely unravelled. To date, there is a lack of a broad overview of existing literature concerning the relationship between the EPS matrix and the dental implant environment and its role in implant-related infections. Here, we discuss recent advances in the critical role of the EPS matrix on biofilm growth and virulence on the dental implant surface and its effect on the etiopathogenesis and progression of implant-related infections. Similar to other biofilms associated with human diseases/conditions, EPS-enriched biofilms on implant surfaces promote microbial accumulation, microbiological shift, cross-kingdom interaction, antimicrobial resistance, biofilm virulence, and, consequently, peri-implant tissue damage. But intriguingly, the protagonism of EPS role on implant-related infections and the development of matrix-target therapeutic strategies has been neglected. Finally, we highlight the need for more in-depth analyses of polymicrobial interactions within EPS matrix and EPS-targeting technologies' rationale for disrupting the complex biofilm microenvironment with more outstanding translation to implant applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael C Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Martinna Bertolini
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Bruna E Nagay
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Caroline Dini
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Bruna Benso
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, CA, Chile
| | - Marlise I Klein
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barāo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Joāo Gabriel S Souza
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil.,Dental Science School (Faculdade de Ciências Odontológicas - FCO), Montes Claros, Brazil.,Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Sāo Paulo, Brazil
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Sun H, Chan Y, Li X, Xu R, Zhang Z, Hu X, Wu F, Deng F, Yu X. Multi-omics analysis of oral bacterial biofilm on titanium oxide nanostructure modified implant surface: In vivo sequencing-based pilot study in beagle dogs. Mater Today Bio 2022; 15:100275. [PMID: 35572854 PMCID: PMC9098469 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Peri-implantitis, the major cause of implant failure, is an inflammatory destructive disease due to the dysbiotic polymicrobial communities at the peri-implant sites. Therefore, it is highly warranted to develop the implant materials with antimicrobial properties and investigate their effects on oral microbiota. However, most of the relevant studies were performed in vitro, and insufficient to provide the comprehensive assessment of the antimicrobial capacity of the implant materials in vivo. Herein, we introduce an innovative approach to evaluate the in vivo antibacterial properties of the most commonly used implant materials, titanium with different nanostructured surfaces, and investigate their antibacterial mechanism via the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. We firstly prepared the titanium implants with three different surfaces, i) mechanical polishing (MP), ii) TiO2 nanotubes (NT) and iii) nanophase calcium phosphate embedded to TiO2 nanotubes (NTN), and then characterized them using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and surface hydrophilicity analysis. Afterwards, the implants were placed in the beagle dogs’ mouths to replace the pre-extracted premolar and molar teeth for eight weeks through implant surgery. The supra- and sub-mucosal plaques were collected and subjected to 16S rRNA gene/RNA sequencing and data analysis. It was found that the nanostructured surfaces in NT and NTN groups showed significantly increased roughness and decreased water contact angles compared to the MP group, while the XPS data further confirmed the successful modifications of TiO2 nanotubes and the subsequent deposition of nanophase calcium phosphate. Notably, the nanostructured surfaces in NT and NTN groups had limited impact on the diversity and community structure of oral microbiota according to the 16S rRNA sequencing results, and the nanostructures in NTN group could down-regulate the genes associated with localization and locomotion based on Gene Ontology (GO) terms enrichment analysis. Moreover, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were associated with microbial metabolism, protein synthesis and bacterial invasion of epithelial cells. Taken together, this study provides a new strategy to evaluate the antibacterial properties of the biomedical materials in vivo via the high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic approaches, revealing the differences of the composition and functional gene expressions in the supra- and sub-mucosal microbiome.
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Mukaddam K, Astasov-Frauenhoffer M, Fasler-Kan E, Marot L, Kisiel M, Steiner R, Sanchez F, Meyer E, Köser J, Bornstein MM, Kühl S. Novel Titanium Nanospike Structure Using Low-Energy Helium Ion Bombardment for the Transgingival Part of a Dental Implant. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1065. [PMID: 35407183 PMCID: PMC9000873 DOI: 10.3390/nano12071065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM(S) The aim of the study was to fabricate a nanospike surface on a titanium alloy surface using a newly established method of low-energy helium ion bombardment. Various methods to achieve nanospike formation on titanium have been introduced recently, and their antibacterial properties have been mainly investigated with respect to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Oral pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis play an important role in the development of peri-implantitis. For that reason, the antibacterial properties of the novel, nanostructured titanium surface against P. gingivalis were assessed, and a possible effect on the viability of gingival fibroblasts was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Helium sputtering was employed for developing titanium surfaces with nanospikes of 500 nm (ND) in height; commercially available smooth-machined (MD) and sandblasted and acid-etched titanium disks (SLA) were used as controls. Surface structure characterization was performed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Following incubation with P. gingivalis, antibacterial properties were determined via conventional culturing and SEM. Additionally, the viability of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) was tested through MTT assay, and cell morphology was assessed through SEM. RESULTS SEM images confirmed the successful establishment of a nanospike surface with required heights, albeit with heterogeneity. AFM images of the 500 nm nanospike surface revealed that the roughness is dominated by large-scale hills and valleys. For frame sizes of 5 × 5 μm and smaller, the average roughness is dominated by the height of the titanium spikes. ND successfully induces dysmorphisms within P. gingivalis cultures following the incubation period, while conventional culturing reveals a 17% and 20% reduction for ND compared to MD and SLA, respectively. Moreover, the nanospike surfaces did not affect the viability of human growth fibroblasts despite their sharp surface. CONCLUSION(S) This study successfully developed a novel titanium-nanospike-based structuration technique for titanium surfaces. In addition, the nanospikes did not hinder gingival fibroblast viability. Enhanced antimicrobial effects for such a novel nanospike-based resurfacing technique can be achieved through further optimizations for nanospike spacing and height parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Mukaddam
- Department of Oral Surgery, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, 4058 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Monika Astasov-Frauenhoffer
- Department Research, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, 4058 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Elizaveta Fasler-Kan
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern and Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 15, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Marot
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstraße 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; (L.M.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (F.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Marcin Kisiel
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstraße 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; (L.M.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (F.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Roland Steiner
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstraße 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; (L.M.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (F.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Fabien Sanchez
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstraße 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; (L.M.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (F.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstraße 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; (L.M.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (F.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Joachim Köser
- Institut für Chemie und Bioanalytik, Hochschule für Life Sciences, Hofackerstrasse 30, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland;
| | - Michael M. Bornstein
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, 4058 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Sebastian Kühl
- Department of Oral Surgery, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel (UZB), University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, 4058 Basel, Switzerland;
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Discepoli N, Mirra R, Vesentin C, Marruganti C, Ferrari M. Artificial biofilm removal in a peri-implant mucositis model: Efficacy of air polishing technology as adjunct to ultrasonic debridement alone and impact of the site and the depth of mucosal tunnel-An in vitro study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2022; 24:242-250. [PMID: 35324063 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The current in vitro model aims to evaluate the adjunctive effect on artificial biofilm removal determined by the use of a glycine-powder air-polishing procedure (GPAP) over the ultrasonic debridement (USD) alone when the removal of artificial biofilm on abutment surface is performed. The procedures were carried out also evaluating the impact of the site (mesial, distal, vestibular, and oral) and three different mucosal tunnel depths (2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm). MATERIALS AND METHODS Single tooth implant replacement was simulated. Three different abutment heights together with a prosthetic contour were investigated (2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm); custom-made gingival masks were created to mimic peri-implant soft tissue. Biofilm was simulated with an indelible ink. The protocol consisted in two intervention stages for each abutment: (a) USD with PEEK tip plus (b) GPAP. At the end of each intervention, abutments were unscrewed, and standardized photographs were taken. Statistical analysis was carried out to compare residual stain percentage between the two intervention stages and among different sites and mucosal tunnels. RESULTS A total of 30 abutments were instrumented. A significant reduction of the percentage of residual staining (PRS) after the combination of GPAP + USD over USD alone was demonstrated (16% vs. 32%; p < 0.05). Moreover, the better performance of the GPAP + USD protocol was observed regardless of the different mucosal tunnel heights and the sites analyzed. Intragroup analysis unveils that the smaller PRS was observed for shallow mucosal tunnels (2 mm) and vestibular sites for both protocols. CONCLUSION GPAP + USD provided adjunctive effect on artificial biofilm removal in comparison to the USD alone. Furthermore, proximal surfaces and deeper mucosal tunnels (4 and 6 mm) showed a reduced instrumentation efficacy for both protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Discepoli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Unit of Periodontics, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Raffaele Mirra
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Unit of Periodontics, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Vesentin
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Unit of Periodontics, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Crystal Marruganti
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Unit of Periodontics, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Unit of Dental Material and Fixed Prosthodontics, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
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Photodynamic Antibiofilm and Antibacterial Activity of a New Gel with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid on Infected Titanium Surfaces. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030572. [PMID: 35327374 PMCID: PMC8945072 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of a new gel containing aminolevulinic acid and red light (ALAD–PDI) was tested in order to counteract bacterial biofilm growth on different titanium implant surfaces. The varying antibacterial efficacy of ALAD–PDI against biofilm growth on several titanium surfaces was also evaluated. A total of 60 titanium discs (30 machined and 30 double-acid etched, DAE) were pre-incubated with saliva and then incubated for 24 h with Streptococcus oralis to form bacterial biofilm. Four different groups were distinguished: two exposed groups (MACHINED and DAE discs), covered with S. oralis biofilm and subjected to ALAD + PDI, and two unexposed groups, with the same surfaces and bacteria, but without the ALAD + PDI (positive controls). Negative controls were non-inoculated discs alone and combined with the gel (ALAD) without the broth cultures. After a further 24 h of anaerobic incubation, all groups were evaluated for colony-forming units (CFUs) and biofilm biomass, imaged via scanning electron microscope, and tested for cell viability via LIVE/DEAD analysis. CFUs and biofilm biomass had significantly higher presence on unexposed samples. ALAD–PDI significantly decreased the number of bacterial CFUs on both exposed surfaces, but without any statistically significant differences among them. Live/dead staining showed the presence of 100% red dead cells on both exposed samples, unlike in unexposed groups. Treatment with ALAD + red light is an effective protocol to counteract the S. oralis biofilm deposited on titanium surfaces with different tomography.
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50
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Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Coating of Dental Implants—Past and New Perspectives. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11020235. [PMID: 35203837 PMCID: PMC8868456 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Regarded as one of the best solutions to replace missing teeth in the oral cavity, dental implants have been the focus of plenty of studies and research in the past few years. Antimicrobial coatings are a promising solution to control and prevent bacterial infections that compromise the success of dental implants. In the last few years, new materials that prevent biofilm adhesion to the surface of titanium implants have been reported, ranging from improved methods to already established coating surfaces. The purpose of this review is to present the developed antimicrobial and antibiofilm coatings that may have the potential to reduce bacterial infections and improve the success rate of titanium dental implants. All referred coating surfaces showed high antimicrobial properties with effectiveness in biofilm control, while maintaining implant biocompatibility. We expect that by combining the use of oligonucleotide probes as a covering material with novel peri-implant adjuvant therapies, we will be able to avoid the downsides of other covering materials (such as antibiotic resistance), prevent bacterial infections, and raise the success rate of dental implants. The existing knowledge on the optimal coating material for dental implants is limited, and further research is needed before more definitive conclusions can be drawn.
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