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Tian Y, Wu Z, Lui H, Zhao J, Kalia S, Seo I, Ou-Yang H, Zeng H. Precise Serial Microregistration Enables Quantitative Microscopy Imaging Tracking of Human Skin Cells In Vivo. Cells 2024; 13:1158. [PMID: 38995009 PMCID: PMC11240548 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
We developed an automated microregistration method that enables repeated in vivo skin microscopy imaging of the same tissue microlocation and specific cells over a long period of days and weeks with unprecedented precision. Applying this method in conjunction with an in vivo multimodality multiphoton microscope, the behavior of human skin cells such as cell proliferation, melanin upward migration, blood flow dynamics, and epidermal thickness adaptation can be recorded over time, facilitating quantitative cellular dynamics analysis. We demonstrated the usefulness of this method in a skin biology study by successfully monitoring skin cellular responses for a period of two weeks following an acute exposure to ultraviolet light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxian Tian
- Imaging Unit, Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E8, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Zhenguo Wu
- Imaging Unit, Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E8, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Harvey Lui
- Imaging Unit, Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E8, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Imaging Unit, Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E8, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Sunil Kalia
- Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E8, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - InSeok Seo
- Johnson and Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ 08558, USA
| | - Hao Ou-Yang
- Johnson and Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ 08558, USA
| | - Haishan Zeng
- Imaging Unit, Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E8, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
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2
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Bonnier F, Pedrazzani M, Fischman S, Viel T, Lavoix A, Pegoud D, Nili M, Jimenez Y, Ralambondrainy S, Cauchard JH, Korichi R. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography coupled with artificial intelligence algorithms to identify quantitative biomarkers of facial skin ageing. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13881. [PMID: 37620374 PMCID: PMC10449778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40340-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative biomarkers of facial skin ageing were studied from one hundred healthy Caucasian female volunteers, aged 20-70 years, using in vivo 3D Line-field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography (LC-OCT) imaging coupled with Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based quantification algorithms. Layer metrics, i.e. stratum corneum thickness (SC), viable epidermal thickness and Dermal-Epidermal Junction (DEJ) undulation, as well as cellular metrics were measured for the temple, cheekbone and mandible. For all three investigated facial areas, minimal age-related variations were observed in the thickness of the SC and viable epidermis layers. A flatter and more homogeneous epidermis (decrease in the standard deviation of the number of layers means), a less dense cellular network with fewer cells per layer (decrease in cell surface density), and larger and more heterogeneous nuclei within each layer (increase in nuclei volume and their standard deviation) were found with significant variations with age. The higher atypia scores further reflected the heterogeneity of nuclei throughout the viable epidermis. The 3D visualisation of fine structures in the skin at the micrometric resolution and the 1200 µm × 500 µm field of view achieved with LC-OCT imaging enabled to compute relevant quantitative biomarkers for a better understanding of skin biology and the ageing process in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Bonnier
- LVMH Recherche, 185 Avenue de Verdun, 45804, Saint Jean de Braye, France.
| | | | | | - Théo Viel
- DAMAE Medical, 14 Rue Sthrau, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Agnes Lavoix
- DERMATECH, 8 Rue Jacqueline Auriol, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Didier Pegoud
- DERMATECH, 8 Rue Jacqueline Auriol, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Meryem Nili
- DERMATECH, 8 Rue Jacqueline Auriol, 69008, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Rodolphe Korichi
- LVMH Recherche, 185 Avenue de Verdun, 45804, Saint Jean de Braye, France
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3
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Pena AM, Baldeweck T, Decencière E, Koudoro S, Victorin S, Raynaud E, Ngo B, Bastien P, Brizion S, Tancrède-Bohin E. In vivo multiphoton multiparametric 3D quantification of human skin aging on forearm and face. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14863. [PMID: 36050338 PMCID: PMC9437074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18657-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantifying skin aging changes and characterizing its 3D structure and function in a non-invasive way is still a challenging area of research, constantly evolving with the development of imaging methods and image analysis tools. In vivo multiphoton imaging offers means to assess skin constituents in 3D, however prior skin aging studies mostly focused on 2D analyses of dermal fibers through their signals’ intensities or densities. In this work, we designed and implemented multiphoton multiparametric 3D quantification tools for in vivo human skin pigmentation and aging characterization. We first demonstrated that despite the limited field of view of the technic, investigation of 2 regions of interest (ROIs) per zone per volunteer is a good compromise in assessing 3D skin constituents in both epidermis and superficial dermis. We then characterized skin aging on different UV exposed areas—ventral and dorsal forearms, face. The three major facts of aging that are epidermal atrophy, the dermal–epidermal junction (DEJ) flattening and dermal elastosis can be non-invasively quantified and compared. Epidermal morphological changes occur late and were only objectified between extreme age groups. Melanin accumulation in suprabasal layers with age and chronic exposure on ventral and dorsal forearms is less known and appears earlier. Superficial dermal aging changes are mainly elastin density increase, with no obvious change in collagen density, reflected by SHGto2PEF ratio and SAAID index decrease and ImbrN index increase on all skin areas. Analysis of the z-dermal distribution of these parameters highlighted the 2nd 20 µm thickness normalized dermal sub-layer, that follows the DEJ shape, as exhibiting the highest aging differences. Moreover, the 3D ImbrN index allows refining the share of photoaging in global aging on face and the 3D SAAID index on forearm, which elastin or fibrillar collagens densities alone do not allow. Photoaging of the temple area evolves as a function of chronic exposure with a more pronounced increase in elastin density, also structurally modified from thin and straight elastic fibers in young volunteers to dense and compact pattern in older ones. More generally, multiphoton multiparametric 3D skin quantification offers rich spatial information of interest in assessing normal human skin condition and its pathological, external environment or product induced changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Pena
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, BP22, 93601, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France.
| | - Thérèse Baldeweck
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, BP22, 93601, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | | | - Serge Koudoro
- MINES ParisTech-PSL Research University, Fontainebleau, France
| | - Steeve Victorin
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, BP22, 93601, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Edouard Raynaud
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, BP22, 93601, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Blandine Ngo
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, BP22, 93601, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Philippe Bastien
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, BP22, 93601, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Sébastien Brizion
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, BP22, 93601, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Emmanuelle Tancrède-Bohin
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Campus Charles Zviak RIO, 9 rue Pierre Dreyfus, Clichy, France. .,Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
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4
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Chauvel-Picard J, Bérot V, Tognetti L, Orte Cano C, Fontaine M, Lenoir C, Pérez-Anker J, Puig S, Dubois A, Forestier S, Monnier J, Jdid R, Cazorla G, Pedrazzani M, Sanchez A, Fischman S, Rubegni P, Del Marmol V, Malvehy J, Cinotti E, Perrot JL, Suppa M. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography as a tool for three-dimensional in vivo quantification of healthy epidermis: A pilot study. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202100236. [PMID: 34608756 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal three-dimensional (3D) topography/quantification has not been completely characterized yet. The recently developed line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) provides real-time, high-resolution, in-vivo 3D imaging of the skin. This pilot study aimed at quantifying epidermal metrics (epidermal thicknesses, dermal-epidermal junction [DEJ] undulation and keratinocyte number/shape/size) using 3D LC-OCT. For each study participant (8 female, skin-type-II, younger/older volunteers), seven body sites were imaged with LC-OCT. Epidermal metrics were calculated by segmentations and measurements assisted by artificial intelligence (AI) when appropriate. Thicknesses of epidermis/SC, DEJ undulation and keratinocyte nuclei volume varied across body sites. Evidence of keratinocyte maturation was observed in vivo: keratinocyte nuclei being small/spherical near the DEJ and flatter/elliptical near the skin surface. Skin microanatomy can be quantified by combining LC-OCT and AI. This technology could be highly relevant to understand aging processes and conditions linked to epidermal disorders. Future clinical/research applications are to be expected in this scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Chauvel-Picard
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Vincent Bérot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Carmen Orte Cano
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Margot Fontaine
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clément Lenoir
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Javiera Pérez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arnaud Dubois
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Palaiseau, France
| | - Sandra Forestier
- Chanel Parfums Beauté, Innovation Research and Development, Pantin, France
| | - Jilliana Monnier
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Cancer, la Timone hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
| | - Randa Jdid
- Chanel Parfums Beauté, Innovation Research and Development, Pantin, France
| | - Gabriel Cazorla
- Chanel Parfums Beauté, Innovation Research and Development, Pantin, France
| | | | - Antoine Sanchez
- DAMAE Medical, Paris, France
- Department of Bioengineering, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Véronique Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joseph Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
| | - Jean L Perrot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Paris, France
- Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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5
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Pena AM, Decencière E, Brizion S, Sextius P, Koudoro S, Baldeweck T, Tancrède-Bohin E. In vivo melanin 3D quantification and z-epidermal distribution by multiphoton FLIM, phasor and Pseudo-FLIM analyses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1642. [PMID: 35102172 PMCID: PMC8803839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterizing melanins in situ and determining their 3D z-epidermal distribution is paramount for understanding physiological/pathological processes of melanin neosynthesis, transfer, degradation or modulation with external UV exposure or cosmetic/pharmaceutical products. Multiphoton fluorescence intensity- and lifetime-based approaches have been shown to afford melanin detection, but how can one quantify melanin in vivo in 3D from multiphoton fluorescence lifetime (FLIM) data, especially since FLIM imaging requires long image acquisition times not compatible with 3D imaging in a clinical setup? We propose an approach combining (i) multiphoton FLIM, (ii) fast image acquisition times, and (iii) a melanin detection method called Pseudo-FLIM, based on slope analysis of autofluorescence intensity decays from temporally binned data. We compare Pseudo-FLIM to FLIM bi-exponential and phasor analyses of synthetic melanin, melanocytes/keratinocytes coculture and in vivo human skin. Using parameters of global 3D epidermal melanin density and z-epidermal distribution profile, we provide first insights into the in vivo knowledge of 3D melanin modulations with constitutive pigmentation versus ethnicity, with seasonality over 1 year and with topical application of retinoic acid or retinol on human skin. Applications of Pseudo-FLIM based melanin detection encompass physiological, pathological, or environmental factors-induced pigmentation modulations up to whitening, anti-photoaging, or photoprotection products evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Pena
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, BP22, 93601, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France.
| | | | - Sébastien Brizion
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, BP22, 93601, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Peggy Sextius
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, BP22, 93601, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Serge Koudoro
- MINES ParisTech - PSL Research University, Fontainebleau, France
| | - Thérèse Baldeweck
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, BP22, 93601, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Emmanuelle Tancrède-Bohin
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Campus Charles Zviak RIO, 9 rue Pierre Dreyfus, Clichy, France
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
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6
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Prinke P, Haueisen J, Klee S, Rizqie MQ, Supriyanto E, König K, Breunig HG, Piątek Ł. Automatic segmentation of skin cells in multiphoton data using multi-stage merging. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14534. [PMID: 34267247 PMCID: PMC8282875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93682-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We propose a novel automatic segmentation algorithm that separates the components of human skin cells from the rest of the tissue in fluorescence data of three-dimensional scans using non-invasive multiphoton tomography. The algorithm encompasses a multi-stage merging on preprocessed superpixel images to ensure independence from a single empirical global threshold. This leads to a high robustness of the segmentation considering the depth-dependent data characteristics, which include variable contrasts and cell sizes. The subsequent classification of cell cytoplasm and nuclei are based on a cell model described by a set of four features. Two novel features, a relationship between outer cell and inner nucleus (OCIN) and a stability index, were derived. The OCIN feature describes the topology of the model, while the stability index indicates segment quality in the multi-stage merging process. These two new features, combined with the local gradient magnitude and compactness, are used for the model-based fuzzy evaluation of the cell segments. We exemplify our approach on an image stack with 200 × 200 × 100 μm3, including the skin layers of the stratum spinosum and the stratum basale of a healthy volunteer. Our image processing pipeline contributes to the fully automated classification of human skin cells in multiphoton data and provides a basis for the detection of skin cancer using non-invasive optical biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Prinke
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany.
| | - Jens Haueisen
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Sascha Klee
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany.,Division Biostatistics and Data Science, Department of General Health Studies, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500, Krems, Austria
| | - Muhammad Qurhanul Rizqie
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany.,Informatics Engineering Program, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Eko Supriyanto
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany.,IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Karsten König
- Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology, Saarland University, Campus A5.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,JenLab GmbH, Johann-Hittorf-Straße 8, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans Georg Breunig
- Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology, Saarland University, Campus A5.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,JenLab GmbH, Johann-Hittorf-Straße 8, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Łukasz Piątek
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany.,Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Information Technology and Management, H. Sucharskiego 2 Str, 35-225, Rzeszów, Poland
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7
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Tancrède-Bohin E, Baldeweck T, Brizion S, Decencière E, Victorin S, Ngo B, Raynaud E, Souverain L, Bagot M, Pena AM. In vivo multiphoton imaging for non-invasive time course assessment of retinoids effects on human skin. Skin Res Technol 2020; 26:794-803. [PMID: 32713074 PMCID: PMC7754381 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background In vivo multiphoton imaging and automatic 3D image processing tools provide quantitative information on human skin constituents. These multiphoton‐based tools allowed evidencing retinoids epidermal effects in the occlusive patch test protocol developed for antiaging products screening. This study aimed at investigating their relevance for non‐invasive, time course assessment of retinoids cutaneous effects under real‐life conditions for one year. Materials and Methods Thirty women, 55‐65 y, applied either retinol (RO 0.3%) or retinoic acid (RA 0.025%) on one forearm dorsal side versus a control product on the other forearm once a day for 1 year. In vivo multiphoton imaging was performed every three months, and biopsies were taken after 1 year. Epidermal thickness and dermal‐epidermal junction undulation were estimated in 3D with multiphoton and in 2D with histology, whereas global melanin density and its z‐epidermal distribution were estimated using 3D multiphoton image processing tools. Results Main results after one year were as follows: a) epidermal thickening with RO (+30%); b) slight increase in dermal‐epidermal junction undulation with RO; c) slight decrease in 3D melanin density with RA; d) limitation of the melanin ascent observed with seasonality and time within supra‐basal layers with both retinoids, using multiphoton 3D‐melanin z‐epidermal profile. Conclusions With a novel 3D descriptor of melanin z‐epidermal distribution, in vivo multiphoton imaging allows demonstrating that daily usage of retinoids counteracts aging by acting not only on epidermal morphology, but also on melanin that is shown to accumulate in the supra‐basal layers with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Tancrède-Bohin
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Clichy, France.,Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Etienne Decencière
- Center for Mathematical Morphology, MINES ParisTech - PSL Research University, Fontainebleau, France
| | | | - Blandine Ngo
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | | | - Luc Souverain
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Martine Bagot
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Inserm U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ana-Maria Pena
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
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8
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Cai S, Tian Y, Lui H, Zeng H, Wu Y, Chen G. Dense-UNet: a novel multiphoton in vivo cellular image segmentation model based on a convolutional neural network. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2020; 10:1275-1285. [PMID: 32550136 DOI: 10.21037/qims-19-1090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) offers a feasible approach for the biopsy in clinical medicine, but it has not been used in clinical applications due to the lack of efficient image processing methods, especially the automatic segmentation technology. Segmentation technology is still one of the most challenging assignments of the MPM imaging technique. Methods The MPM imaging segmentation model based on deep learning is one of the most effective methods to address this problem. In this paper, the practicability of using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to segment the MPM image of skin cells in vivo was explored. A set of MPM in vivo skin cells images with a resolution of 128×128 was successfully segmented under the Python environment with TensorFlow. A novel deep-learning segmentation model named Dense-UNet was proposed. The Dense-UNet, which is based on U-net structure, employed the dense concatenation to deepen the depth of the network architecture and achieve feature reuse. This model included four expansion modules (each module consisted of four down-sampling layers) to extract features. Results Sixty training images were taken from the dorsal forearm using a femtosecond Ti:Sa laser running at 735 nm. The resolution of the images is 128×128 pixels. Experimental results confirmed that the accuracy of Dense-UNet (92.54%) was higher than that of U-Net (88.59%), with a significantly lower loss value of 0.1681. The 90.60% Dice coefficient value of Dense-UNet outperformed U-Net by 11.07%. The F1-Score of Dense-UNet, U-Net, and Seg-Net was 93.35%, 90.02%, and 85.04%, respectively. Conclusions The deepened down-sampling path improved the ability of the model to capture cellular fined-detailed boundary features, while the symmetrical up-sampling path provided a more accurate location based on the test result. These results were the first time that the segmentation of MPM in vivo images had been adopted by introducing a deep CNN to bridge this gap in Dense-UNet technology. Dense-UNet has reached ultramodern performance for MPM images, especially for in vivo images with low resolution. This implementation supplies an automatic segmentation model based on deep learning for high-precision segmentation of MPM images in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,School of Information Science and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunxian Tian
- Imaging Unit, Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Harvey Lui
- Imaging Unit, Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Haishan Zeng
- Imaging Unit, Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Photomedicine Institute, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing Application, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guannan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing Application, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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9
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Pena AM, Chen X, Pence IJ, Bornschlögl T, Jeong S, Grégoire S, Luengo GS, Hallegot P, Obeidy P, Feizpour A, Chan KF, Evans CL. Imaging and quantifying drug delivery in skin - Part 2: Fluorescence andvibrational spectroscopic imaging methods. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 153:147-168. [PMID: 32217069 PMCID: PMC7483684 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the delivery and diffusion of topically-applied drugs on human skin is of paramount importance in both pharmaceutical and cosmetics research. This information is critical in early stages of drug development and allows the identification of the most promising ingredients delivered at optimal concentrations to their target skin compartments. Different skin imaging methods, invasive and non-invasive, are available to characterize and quantify the spatiotemporal distribution of a drug within ex vivo and in vivo human skin. The first part of this review detailed invasive imaging methods (autoradiography, MALDI and SIMS). This second part reviews non-invasive imaging methods that can be applied in vivo: i) fluorescence (conventional, confocal, and multiphoton) and second harmonic generation microscopies and ii) vibrational spectroscopic imaging methods (infrared, confocal Raman, and coherent Raman scattering microscopies). Finally, a flow chart for the selection of imaging methods is presented to guide human skin ex vivo and in vivo drug delivery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Pena
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Xueqin Chen
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Isaac J Pence
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, CNY149-3, 13(th) St, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States of America
| | - Thomas Bornschlögl
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Sinyoung Jeong
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, CNY149-3, 13(th) St, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States of America
| | - Sébastien Grégoire
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France.
| | - Gustavo S Luengo
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Philippe Hallegot
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Peyman Obeidy
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, CNY149-3, 13(th) St, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States of America
| | - Amin Feizpour
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, CNY149-3, 13(th) St, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States of America
| | - Kin F Chan
- Simpson Interventions, Inc., Woodside, CA 94062, United States of America
| | - Conor L Evans
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, CNY149-3, 13(th) St, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States of America.
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Pierre J, Francois G, Benize AM, Rubert V, Coutet J, Flament F. Mapping, in vivo, the uniformity of two skin properties alongside the human face by a 3D virtual approach. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 40:482-487. [PMID: 30107030 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the homogeneity in the distribution of two cutaneous functions (hydration and elasticity) along the entire human face. MATERIAL AND METHODS The half faces (right or left, randomly chosen) of two groups of Caucasian women were measured on 24 different small sites (elasticity) and 41 others (hydration), by instruments of small-sized probes (Cutometer® and Corneometer® , respectively). Hydration of the face was recorded at different times (up to 24 h), post application of a highly hydrating product. The recorded values (left and right half faces) were further gathered and digitally positioned on a virtual feminine face and their intensity was illustrated through a colored white (lower values)-blue (higher values) scale. RESULTS The reconstitution of the mapping of the two measured parameters (from the left and right sides of different subjects), shows a perfect symmetry vis à vis the nose axis. However, both parameters present slightly variable but significant values along the human face. Sites from the temple are less elastic than chin or forehead. The upper and lower parts of the forehead show slight disparities in their elasticity values. Cheeks are significantly less prone at retaining their imparted hydration status (lost 2 h after application of a hydrating product) as compared to sub-ocular regions or chin that retain their hydration up to 24 h. Attempts to establish a mutual relationship between the two skin properties unsurprisingly failed. CONCLUSION The two studied skin properties show a slight but highly symmetric disparity along the entire human face.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pierre
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Chevilly Larue, France
| | - G Francois
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Chevilly Larue, France
| | - A M Benize
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Chevilly Larue, France
| | - V Rubert
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Chevilly Larue, France
| | - J Coutet
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Chevilly Larue, France
| | - F Flament
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Chevilly Larue, France
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11
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Ogawa‐Fuse C, Morisaki N, Shima K, Hotta M, Sugata K, Ichihashi T, Oguri M, Yoshida O, Fujimura T. Impact of water exposure on skin barrier permeability and ultrastructure. Contact Dermatitis 2018; 80:228-233. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Naoko Morisaki
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation Tochigi Japan
| | - Kyoko Shima
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation Tochigi Japan
| | | | - Keiichi Sugata
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation Tochigi Japan
| | | | - Masashi Oguri
- Analytical Science Research, Kao Corporation Tokyo Japan
| | - Osamu Yoshida
- Analytical Science Research, Kao Corporation Tokyo Japan
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12
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Döge N, Hadam S, Volz P, Wolf A, Schönborn KH, Blume-Peytavi U, Alexiev U, Vogt A. Identification of polystyrene nanoparticle penetration across intact skin barrier as rare event at sites of focal particle aggregations. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201700169. [PMID: 29178669 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The question whether nanoparticles can cross the skin barrier is highly debated. Even in intact skin rare events of deeper penetration have been reported, but technical limitations and possible artifacts require careful interpretation. In this study, horizontal scanning by 2-photon microscopy (2 PM) of full-thickness human skin samples placed in a lateral position yielded highly informative images for skin penetration studies of fluorescently tagged nanoparticles. Scanning of large fields of view allowed for detailed information on interfollicular and follicular penetration in tissue blocks without damaging the sample. Images in histomorphological correlation showed that 2P-excited fluorescence signals of fluorescently tagged 20 and 200 nm polystyrene nanoparticles preferentially accumulated in the stratum corneum (SC) and in the upper part of vellus hair follicles (HFs). Rare events of deeper penetration in the SC and in the infundibulum of vellus HFs were observed at sites of high focal particle aggregations. Wide-field 2 PM allows for imaging of nanoparticle penetration in large tissue blocks, whereas total internal reflection microscopy (TIRFM) enables selective detection of individual nanoparticles as well as clusters of nanoparticles in the SC and within the epidermal layer directly beneath the SC, thus confirming barrier crossing with high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Döge
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabrina Hadam
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pierre Volz
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Wolf
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Alexiev
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Vogt
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Abadie S, Jardet C, Colombelli J, Chaput B, David A, Grolleau JL, Bedos P, Lobjois V, Descargues P, Rouquette J. 3D imaging of cleared human skin biopsies using light-sheet microscopy: A new way to visualize in-depth skin structure. Skin Res Technol 2018; 24:294-303. [PMID: 29377352 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human skin is composed of the superimposition of tissue layers of various thicknesses and components. Histological staining of skin sections is the benchmark approach to analyse the organization and integrity of human skin biopsies; however, this approach does not allow 3D tissue visualization. Alternatively, confocal or two-photon microscopy is an effective approach to perform fluorescent-based 3D imaging. However, owing to light scattering, these methods display limited light penetration in depth. The objectives of this study were therefore to combine optical clearing and light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) to perform in-depth optical sectioning of 5 mm-thick human skin biopsies and generate 3D images of entire human skin biopsies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A benzyl alcohol and benzyl benzoate solution was used to successfully optically clear entire formalin fixed human skin biopsies, making them transparent. In-depth optical sectioning was performed with LSFM on the basis of tissue-autofluorescence observations. 3D image analysis of optical sections generated with LSFM was performed by using the Amira® software. RESULTS This new approach allowed us to observe in situ the different layers and compartments of human skin, such as the stratum corneum, the dermis and epidermal appendages. With this approach, we easily performed 3D reconstruction to visualise an entire human skin biopsy. Finally, we demonstrated that this method is useful to visualise and quantify histological anomalies, such as epidermal hyperplasia. CONCLUSION The combination of optical clearing and LSFM has new applications in dermatology and dermatological research by allowing 3D visualization and analysis of whole human skin biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abadie
- Syntivia, Toulouse, France.,ITAV, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - J Colombelli
- Advanced Digital Microscopy, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Chaput
- Service de chirurgie plastique et reconstructrice, CHU de Toulouse Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | | | - J-L Grolleau
- Service de chirurgie plastique et reconstructrice, CHU de Toulouse Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | | | - V Lobjois
- ITAV, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - J Rouquette
- ITAV, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
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14
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Wu W, Lin J, Wang S, Li Y, Liu M, Liu G, Cai J, Chen G, Chen R. A novel multiphoton microscopy images segmentation method based on superpixel and watershed. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2017; 10:532-541. [PMID: 27090206 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) imaging technique based on two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG) shows fantastic performance for biological imaging. The automatic segmentation of cellular architectural properties for biomedical diagnosis based on MPM images is still a challenging issue. A novel multiphoton microscopy images segmentation method based on superpixels and watershed (MSW) is presented here to provide good segmentation results for MPM images. The proposed method uses SLIC superpixels instead of pixels to analyze MPM images for the first time. The superpixels segmentation based on a new distance metric combined with spatial, CIE Lab color space and phase congruency features, divides the images into patches which keep the details of the cell boundaries. Then the superpixels are used to reconstruct new images by defining an average value of superpixels as image pixels intensity level. Finally, the marker-controlled watershed is utilized to segment the cell boundaries from the reconstructed images. Experimental results show that cellular boundaries can be extracted from MPM images by MSW with higher accuracy and robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Wu
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
- Department of Network and Communication Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Jinyong Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350014, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
- Department of Network and Communication Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
- Department of Network and Communication Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Mingyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
- Department of Network and Communication Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Gaoqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
- Department of Network and Communication Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Jianyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
- Department of Network and Communication Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Guannan Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
- Department of Network and Communication Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
- Department of Network and Communication Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
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15
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Zapletalova A, Pata V, Janis R, Kejlova K, Stoklasek P. Objective measurements of skin surface roughness after microdermabrasion treatment. Skin Res Technol 2017; 23:346-353. [PMID: 28083897 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this article is to present a new methodology for assessment of skin topology using a three-dimensional image (3D). METHODS The measurement of the skin surface roughness is based on 3D scanning of silicone replicas by chromatic aberration length technique in a contactless manner, i.e. by a polychromatic light beam. Analysis of the skin surface reprints was performed using Talymap, Gold version. Results were analysed by fractal geometry, which allows to evaluate changes of the skin surface before and after application of cosmetics and instrumental cosmetological techniques. The methodology was applied for objective assessment of the effects of diamond microdermabrasion on the skin surface roughness. Measurements were performed on 23 volunteers in the age group of 31-67 years. RESULTS Based on the results of skin surface scanning after the treatment with diamond microdermabrasion it may be concluded that inequalities of the skin surface are reduced immediately after exfoliation. However, this effect mostly diminishes within 14 days after treatment. The entire study ultimately suggests that the instrumental method used only leads to improvement of the skin surface immediately after its application. Thermo vision images of the skin surface temperature were obtained during the application of the abrasive method. The experimental results showed that the skin is rather cooled than heated by the treatment. CONCLUSION This study is focused on the development of a methodology for objective measurement of changes in treated skin relief using 3D scanning. The results are evaluated using fractal dimension. The output may also include also an enlarged model of the skin surface made by 3D printer, which can serve for illustrative communication with the client.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zapletalova
- Department of Fat, Surfactant and Cosmetics Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - V Pata
- Department of Production Engineering, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - R Janis
- Department of Fat, Surfactant and Cosmetics Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - K Kejlova
- National Institute of Public Health, Centre of Toxicology and Health Safety, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Stoklasek
- Regional Research Centre CEBIA-Tech, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Zlin, Czech Republic
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16
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Ghanta S, Jordan MI, Kose K, Brooks DH, Rajadhyaksha M, Dy JG. A Marked Poisson Process Driven Latent Shape Model for 3D Segmentation of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy Image Stacks of Human Skin. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING SOCIETY 2017; 26:172-184. [PMID: 27723590 PMCID: PMC5258843 DOI: 10.1109/tip.2016.2615291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Segmenting objects of interest from 3D data sets is a common problem encountered in biological data. Small field of view and intrinsic biological variability combined with optically subtle changes of intensity, resolution, and low contrast in images make the task of segmentation difficult, especially for microscopy of unstained living or freshly excised thick tissues. Incorporating shape information in addition to the appearance of the object of interest can often help improve segmentation performance. However, the shapes of objects in tissue can be highly variable and design of a flexible shape model that encompasses these variations is challenging. To address such complex segmentation problems, we propose a unified probabilistic framework that can incorporate the uncertainty associated with complex shapes, variable appearance, and unknown locations. The driving application that inspired the development of this framework is a biologically important segmentation problem: the task of automatically detecting and segmenting the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) in 3D reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) images of human skin. RCM imaging allows noninvasive observation of cellular, nuclear, and morphological detail. The DEJ is an important morphological feature as it is where disorder, disease, and cancer usually start. Detecting the DEJ is challenging, because it is a 2D surface in a 3D volume which has strong but highly variable number of irregularly spaced and variably shaped "peaks and valleys." In addition, RCM imaging resolution, contrast, and intensity vary with depth. Thus, a prior model needs to incorporate the intrinsic structure while allowing variability in essentially all its parameters. We propose a model which can incorporate objects of interest with complex shapes and variable appearance in an unsupervised setting by utilizing domain knowledge to build appropriate priors of the model. Our novel strategy to model this structure combines a spatial Poisson process with shape priors and performs inference using Gibbs sampling. Experimental results show that the proposed unsupervised model is able to automatically detect the DEJ with physiologically relevant accuracy in the range 10- 20 μm .
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17
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Nomura M, Velleman D, Pierre J, Flament F. Quantitating the lateral skin stiffness by a new and versatile electro-mechanical instrument. Preliminary studies. Skin Res Technol 2016; 23:272-282. [PMID: 27896851 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new electro-mechanical device for measuring the lateral stiffness of the skin is now available. It basically allows to recording the forces that the skin opposes to a lateral displacement (1-2 mm) of a pinching type movement. Preliminary assays of this device to various skin sites and an artificial substrate aimed at defining its major characteristics (sensitivity, reproducibility, variations according to skin site). METHODS The calibration of the device (Khelometer® ) and assessment of its reproducibility were carried out through the use of elastometer substrates of various stiffness's. The device was then used, in vivo, at different skin sites (scalp, inner and outer forearms, cheeks) of 213 healthy Japanese women of various ages. The short-time effect of a hydrating regimen (7% glycerol) was recorded on the outer forearm. RESULTS This new device offers an appreciable reproducibility in vitro and in vivo (coefficient of variation of 2-4% and 5-14%, respectively). Unlike other biophysical methods, the Khelometer® can be easily applied onto the human scalp that shows a higher stiffness than the two other skin sites, increasing with age and presence of alopecia. In all the three studied skin sites, the impact of age leads to significantly higher lateral skin stiffness (LSS, expressed as N/mm) values. The latter were found significantly different between the two sides of the forearms where the outer (sun-exposed) side showed statistically slightly higher LSS, than the unexposed inner side. LSS values found on cheeks (≈0.5 N/mm) were about four times lower than those of the scalp (≈2 N/mm) and about half those of forearms (≈1 N/mm). The effect of a 7% glycerol based formula was recorded 20 min post application onto the forearm, leading to a slight drop in LSS (approx. 15%) as compared to a vehicle-applied skin site. CONCLUSION These preliminary studies clearly indicate that this new device, applicable to any skin site, offers appreciable assets such as sensitivity and reproducibility. Accordingly, it appears as a new approach in the non-invasive biophysical measurements of the skin surface, in both advanced and applied research investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nomura
- Nihon L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - D Velleman
- Nihon L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - J Pierre
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Chevilly-Larue, France
| | - F Flament
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Chevilly-Larue, France
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18
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Qiu J, Chen M, Liu J, Huang X, Chen J, Zhou L, Ma J, Sextius P, Pena AM, Cai Z, Jeulin S. The skin-depigmenting potential of Paeonia lactiflora root extract and paeoniflorin: in vitro evaluation using reconstructed pigmented human epidermis. Int J Cosmet Sci 2016; 38:444-51. [PMID: 26826350 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The roots of the herb Paeonia lactiflora ('White Peony') are used in association with other herbs in traditional clinical cosmetic practice in China as oral treatment for skin pigmentary disorders, such as brown or dark pigmentary spots. However, the skin-depigmenting potential of Paeonia lactiflora root extract and its main ingredient paeoniflorin has been scarcely investigated by topical application. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Paeonia lactiflora root extract and paeoniflorin as skin whitening agent in cosmetic application. METHODS Paeonia lactiflora root extract (containing 53.25% of paeoniflorin) and paeoniflorin (97% purity) were applied topically on reconstructed pigmented human epidermis model, a three-dimensional (3D) human skin equivalent, showing morphological and functional characteristics similar to those of in vivo human skin. Two specific methods were used for quantifying melanin inside the reconstructed pigmented epidermis: Fontana-Masson staining (2D quantification) and multiphoton microscopy (3D quantification). RESULTS Compared to vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO), a significant decrease in 2D and 3D melanin content was observed after topical application on reconstructed pigmented epidermis of Paeonia lactiflora extract at 300 μg mL(-1) (-28% and -27%, respectively) and paeoniflorin at 120 μg mL(-1) /250 μM (-30% and -23%, respectively), which is in the same order of magnitude as the positive reference 4-n-butylresorcinol at 83 μg mL(-1) /500 μM (-26% and -40%, respectively). CONCLUSION These results demonstrate, for the first time, the depigmenting potential of paeoniflorin and thus the potential interest of using Paeonia lactiflora root extracts containing paeoniflorin in cosmetic or dermatological applications for reducing the severity of some hyperpigmented skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Qiu
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 550 Jin Yu Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China, 201206
| | - M Chen
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 550 Jin Yu Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China, 201206
| | - J Liu
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 550 Jin Yu Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China, 201206
| | - X Huang
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 550 Jin Yu Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China, 201206
| | - J Chen
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 550 Jin Yu Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China, 201206
| | - L Zhou
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 550 Jin Yu Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China, 201206
| | - J Ma
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 550 Jin Yu Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China, 201206
| | - P Sextius
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, 93601 Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | - A-M Pena
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, 93601 Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | - Z Cai
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 550 Jin Yu Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China, 201206
| | - S Jeulin
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, 93601 Aulnay sous Bois, France.
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19
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[Methods for measuring skin aging]. Hautarzt 2016; 67:117-24. [PMID: 26746403 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-015-3752-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging affects human skin and is becoming increasingly important with regard to medical, social and aesthetic issues. Detection of intrinsic and extrinsic components of skin aging requires reliable measurement methods. Modern techniques, e.g., based on direct imaging, spectroscopy or skin physiological measurements, provide a broad spectrum of parameters for different applications.
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20
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Bancelin S, Decencière E, Machairas V, Albert C, Coradin T, Schanne-Klein MC, Aimé C. Fibrillogenesis from nanosurfaces: multiphoton imaging and stereological analysis of collagen 3D self-assembly dynamics. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:6651-6657. [PMID: 25058449 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm00819g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of proteins into fibrillar structures is an important process that concerns different biological contexts, including molecular medicine and functional biomaterials. Engineering of hybrid biomaterials can advantageously provide synergetic interactions of the biopolymers with an inorganic component to ensure specific supramolecular organization and dynamics. To this aim, we designed hybrid systems associating collagen and surface-functionalized silica particles and we built a new strategy to investigate fibrillogenesis processes in such multicomponents systems, working at the crossroads of chemistry, physics and mathematics. The self-assembly process was investigated by bimodal multiphoton imaging coupling second harmonic generation (SHG) and 2 photon excited fluorescence (2PEF). The in-depth spatial characterization of the system was further achieved using the three-dimensional analysis of the SHG/2PEF data via mathematical morphology processing. Quantitation of collagen distribution around particles offers strong evidence that the chemically induced confinement of the protein on the silica nanosurfaces has a key influence on the spatial extension of fibrillogenesis. This new approach is unique in the information it can provide on 3D dynamic hybrid systems and may be extended to other associations of fibrillar molecules with optically responsive nano-objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Bancelin
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Inserm U696, 91128 Palaiseau, France.
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21
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Tancrède-Bohin E, Baldeweck T, Decencière E, Brizion S, Victorin S, Parent N, Faugere J, Souverain L, Bagot M, Pena AM. Non-invasive short-term assessment of retinoids effects on human skin in vivo
using multiphoton microscopy. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 29:673-81. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Tancrède-Bohin
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; Paris France
- Department of Dermatology; Saint-Louis Hospital; Paris France
| | - T. Baldeweck
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; Aulnay-sous-Bois France
| | - E. Decencière
- Centre de Morphologie Mathématique; Mathématiques et Systèmes; MINES ParisTech; Fontainebleau France
| | - S. Brizion
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; Aulnay-sous-Bois France
| | - S. Victorin
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; Paris France
| | - N. Parent
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; Paris France
| | - J. Faugere
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; Aulnay-sous-Bois France
| | - L. Souverain
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; Aulnay-sous-Bois France
| | - M. Bagot
- Department of Dermatology; Saint-Louis Hospital; Paris France
| | - A-M. Pena
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; Aulnay-sous-Bois France
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Liao YH, Kuo WC, Chou SY, Tsai CS, Lin GL, Tsai MR, Shih YT, Lee GG, Sun CK. Quantitative analysis of intrinsic skin aging in dermal papillae by in vivo harmonic generation microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:3266-79. [PMID: 25401037 PMCID: PMC4230862 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.003266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Chronological skin aging is associated with flattening of the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ), but to date no quantitative analysis focusing on the aging changes in the dermal papillae (DP) has been performed. The aim of the study is to determine the architectural changes and the collagen density related to chronological aging in the dermal papilla zone (DPZ) by in vivo harmonic generation microscopy (HGM) with a sub-femtoliter spatial resolution. We recruited 48 Asian subjects and obtained in vivo images on the sun-protected volar forearm. Six parameters were defined to quantify 3D morphological changes of the DPZ, which we analyzed both manually and computationally to study their correlation with age. The depth of DPZ, the average height of isolated DP, and the 3D interdigitation index decreased with age, while DP number density, DP volume, and the collagen density in DP remained constant over time. In vivo high-resolution HGM technology has uncovered chronological aging-related variations in DP, and sheds light on real-time quantitative skin fragility assessment and disease diagnostics based on collagen density and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hua Liao
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Kuo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Yo Chou
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Shiun Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Liang Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Rung Tsai
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ta Shih
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Giun Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kuang Sun
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences and Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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23
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Yew E, Rowlands C, So PTC. Application of Multiphoton Microscopy in Dermatological Studies: a Mini-Review. JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE OPTICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2014; 7:1330010. [PMID: 25075226 PMCID: PMC4112132 DOI: 10.1142/s1793545813300103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the historical and more recent developments of multiphoton microscopy, as applied to dermatology. Multiphoton microscopy offers several advantages over competing microscopy techniques: there is an inherent axial sectioning, penetration depths that compete well with confocal microscopy on account of the use of near-infrared light, and many two-photon contrast mechanisms, such as second-harmonic generation, have no analogue in one-photon microscopy. While the penetration depths of photons into tissue are typically limited on the order of hundreds of microns, this is of less concern in dermatology, as the skin is thin and readily accessible. As a result, multiphoton microscopy in dermatology has generated a great deal of interest, much of which is summarized here. The review covers the interaction of light and tissue, as well as the various considerations that must be made when designing an instrument. The state of multiphoton microscopy in imaging skin cancer and various other diseases is also discussed, along with the investigation of aging and regeneration phenomena, and finally, the use of multiphoton microscopy to analyze the transdermal transport of drugs, cosmetics and other agents is summarized. The review concludes with a look at potential future research directions, especially those that are necessary to push these techniques into widespread clinical acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Yew
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), 1 CREATE Way CREATE Tower, Singapore 138602
| | - Christopher Rowlands
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
| | - Peter T. C. So
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), 1 CREATE Way CREATE Tower, Singapore 138602
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
- GR Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
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