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Li Y, Luo J, Zhang F, Shang J, Deng C, Feng Y, Meng G, Jiang W, Yu X, Liu G, Liu H. Establishment and application of quadruple fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR method for the identification of waterfowl astrovirus. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1328243. [PMID: 39050635 PMCID: PMC11266048 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1328243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Avian astrovirus can infect a variety of poultry species and cause viral diarrhea, with a wide epidemic range strong pathogenicity and a high incidence. Among them, Duck astrovirus 3(DAstV-3), Duck astrovirus 4(DAstV-4), Goose astrovirus 1(GoAstV-1) and Goose astrovirus 2(GoAstV-2) are four types of astroviruses newly discovered in waterfowl in recent years. In order to realize the rapid detection of these four kinds of waterfowl stellate viruses, specific primers and probes were engineered to target a highly conserved region of ORF1b gene of DAstV-3, GoAstV-1 and GoAstV-2 and the ORF2 gene of DAstV-4, and a quadruple fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR method was developed. The results indicate that the method established in this study has good specificity and no cross reactivity with other pathogens. This method can detect viruses with a minimum concentration of 1 × 101 copies/μL for DAstV-4, GoAstV-1 and GoAstV-2, respectively, while the minimum concentration for DAstV-3 is 1 × 102 copies/μL. Compared with the routinely used RT-PCR method, the limit of detection by the multiplex RT-PCR lower. Both intra- and inter-assay variability tests revealed excellent reproducibility. This method was then used to analyze 269 field samples, and the results were verified by genome sequencing. In conclusion, this study presents a sensitive, accurate, and specific method for detecting DAstV-3, DAstV-4, GoAstV-1, and GoAstV-2 in a single reaction, enabling the monitoring and differential diagnosis of these four types of waterfowl astroviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Luo
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Fuyou Zhang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jiajing Shang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Chunran Deng
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Yingjie Feng
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Ge Meng
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Wenming Jiang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Guanhui Liu
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Hualei Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Xu J, Yin L, Guo Y, Yan Z, Yu S, Jiang T, Liao X, Lin W, Chen F. The biological characteristics of DAstV molecular epidemiology and pathogenicity of duck astrovirus causing hepatitis in ducks and chickens in Southeast China. Poult Sci 2024; 103:104076. [PMID: 39096827 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A suspected outbreak of duck astrovirus (DAstV) disease occurred in a large Muscovy duck farm in Guangdong Province, China, in June 2022, which severely affected the production performance and health of Muscovy ducks. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of DAstV disease in Southeast China. Herein, we employed semi-nested PCR ethodto screen 5203 swab and liver samples from 11 Muscovy duck farms in 5 provinces of China for the presence of DAstV. Among them, 1356 samples (26.06%, 1356/5203) tested positive for DAstV, out of which 11 DAstV strains were isolated after 10 generations of blind transmission through Leghorn male hepatoma (LMH) cells and performed their whole-genome sequencing. The alignment results showed that the 11 DAstV isolates exhibited relatively low homology (15.4%-75%) with the astrovirus isolates from other species published in GenBank, whereas their homology (nucleotide: 90.4%-99.99%; amino acid: 94%-99.8%) with the DAstV type 1 (DAstV-1) reference strain was higher, indicating considerable homology. The results indicated that DAstV-1 was the main pathogenic factor. Herein, we successfully recreated the clinical symptoms of natural infection in 28-day-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) ducks using the DAstV-1-GDB-2022 strain. The primary clinical manifestations included liver enlargement, hemorrhaging, and disruptions in liver function. Additionally, we confirmed the cross-species transmission potential of DAstV-1, marking the first occurrence of clinical symptoms of DAstV in 28-day-old SPF chickens. Our findings provide new perspectives on the epidemiology and pathogenicity of DAstV-1 and may help in advancing the development of DAstV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Xu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lijuan Yin
- Guangdong Wens Food Group, Yunfu 527499, China
| | - Yawei Guo
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | | | - Shuilan Yu
- Guangdong Wens Food Group, Yunfu 527499, China
| | | | | | - Wencheng Lin
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Xu J, Yin L, Yan Z, Guo Y, Su Z, Lin W, Zhou Q, Chen F. Impact of duck astrovirus on susceptibility to infection across duck ages. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103564. [PMID: 38447308 PMCID: PMC11067766 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
An outbreak of duck astrovirus (DAstV) has occurred in duck farming regions of China, causing substantial economic setbacks in the duck industry. This investigation aimed to examine the variations in DAstV pathogenicity among ducks at different age intervals. Infections were induced in ducks at distinct age groups (1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d) utilizing the DAstv-1-GDB-2022 strain. The results indicate increased pathogenicity of the DAstv-1-GDB-2022 strain in ducklings aged 21 to 28 d, manifesting as liver and kidney enlargement, severe bleeding, and potential fatalities. Conversely, ducklings aged 1 and 14 d displayed milder symptoms postinfection. Notably, viral shedding continued in ducks of diverse age groups even 21 d postinfection (Dpi). Moreover, DAstV replicates in various tissues, predominantly affecting the liver. Immunohistochemical tests using rabbit anti-DAstV antibodies revealed robust positive signals in both the liver and kidneys, which correlated with the clinical symptom severity observed through macroscopic and microscopic examinations. Serum biochemical assays and indirect ELISA demonstrated a consistent response to DAstV infection across different age groups, with older ducklings exhibiting increased sensitivity. In conclusion, this study successfully replicated clinical symptoms similar to those of natural DAstV infection using the DAstv-1-GDB-2022 strain. Importantly, we systematically delineated the differences in susceptibility to DAstV among ducks at various ages, laying the foundation for further research into the pathogenic mechanisms of DAstV and potential vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Xu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Yin
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuanqiang Yan
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yawei Guo
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zetao Su
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wencheng Lin
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingfeng Zhou
- Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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Bi X, Song Z, Meng F, Sun S, Du X, Yang M, Zhou D, Cheng X, Ding L, Shi H, Lang F, Luan H, Deng B, Yang L, Cheng Z. Molecular characteristics and pathogenicity of a novel chicken astrovirus variant. Vet Res 2023; 54:117. [PMID: 38066626 PMCID: PMC10709865 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01250-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well-established that the genetic diversity, regional prevalence, and broad host range of astroviruses significantly impact the poultry industry. In July 2022, a small-scale commercial broiler farm in China reported cases of growth retardation and a 3% mortality rate. From chickens displaying proventriculitis and pancreatitis, three chicken astroviruses (CAstV) isolates were obtained and named SDAU2022-1-3. Complete genomic sequencing and analysis revealed the unique characteristics of these isolates from known CAstV strains in ORF1a, ORF1b, and ORF2 genes, characterized by an unusually high variability. Analysis of amino acid mutations in ORF1a, ORF1b, and ORF2 indicated that the accumulation of these mutations played a pivotal role in the emergence of the variant strain. Inoculation experiments demonstrated that affected chickens exhibited liver and kidney enlargement, localized proventricular hemorrhage, and a dark reddish-brown appearance in about two-thirds of the pancreas. Histopathological examination unveiled hepatic lymphocytic infiltration, renal tubular epithelial cell swelling, along with lymphocytic proventriculitis and pancreatitis. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated viremia and viral shedding at 3 days post-infection (dpi). The proventriculus displayed the highest viral loads, followed by the liver, kidney, duodenum, and pancreas. Liver parameters (AST and ALT) and kidney parameters (UA and UN) demonstrated mild damage consistent with earlier findings. While the possibility of new mutations in the ORF2 gene of CAstV causing proventriculitis and pancreatitis warrants further investigation, these findings deepen our comprehension of CAstV's pathogenicity in chickens. Additionally, they serve as valuable references for subsequent research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Bi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Zhenrui Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Fanrun Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Shiwei Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xusheng Du
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Mengzan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Defang Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xiangyu Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Longying Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Hengyang Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Feng Lang
- Qingdao Yibang Bioengineering Co, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Huaibiao Luan
- Qingdao Yibang Bioengineering Co, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Bing Deng
- Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science Research and Promotion Center of Shigatse City, Shigatse, 857000, China
| | - Liangyu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Ziqiang Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
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Trinh TBN, Nguyen VT, Nguyen TTH, Mai NTA, Le PN, Lai TNH, Phan TH, Tran DH, Pham NT, Dam VP, Nguyen TL, Ambagala A, Babiuk S, Le VP. Molecular and histopathological characterization of lumpy skin disease in cattle in northern Vietnam during the 2020-2021 outbreaks. Arch Virol 2022; 167:2143-2149. [PMID: 35831756 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05533-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a serious emerging infectious disease in cattle caused by a virus of the family Poxviridae. According to the Department of Animal Health, LSD first occurred in Vietnam at the end of October 2020 in Cao Bang and Lang Son provinces. So far, the disease has infected over 63,000 animals, resulting in 9170 deaths occurring in 32 different provinces in northern and central Vietnam. In this study, skin samples from lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV)-infected cattle from the northern provinces of Vietnam displaying clinical symptoms including fever (> 40 °C), runny nose, drooling, and skin lesions were used for genetic characterization and histopathology. Genetic analysis of the partial P32 (LSDV074), partial F (LSDV117), complete RPO30 (LSDV035), and complete G-protein-coupled-chemokine-like receptor (GPCR) (LSDV011) genes showed that all Vietnamese LSDV strains belonged to the genus Capripoxvirus and were closely related to LSDV strains isolated in China. Microscopic examination of the skin lesions showed thickening of the epidermal layer of the skin and hair follicles, hyperplasia of sebaceous glands, intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, and hemorrhages in the mesoderm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Van Tam Nguyen
- Research Centre for Plant and Animal Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Tuan Anh Mai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Nam Le
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Ngoc Ha Lai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Huong Phan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc Hoan Tran
- Bac Giang Agriculture and Forestry University, Bac Giang, Vietnam
| | | | - Van Phai Dam
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Lan Nguyen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Aruna Ambagala
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Shawn Babiuk
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Van Phan Le
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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