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Lv X, Deng J, Zhou C, Abdullah A, Yang Z, Wang Z, Yang L, Zhao B, Li Y, Ma Z. Comparative transcriptomic insights into molecular mechanisms of the susceptibility wheat variety MX169 response to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici ( Pst) infection. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0377423. [PMID: 38916358 PMCID: PMC11302261 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03774-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Stripe rust of wheat is caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). Breeding durably resistant wheat varieties by disrupting the susceptibility (S) gene has an important impact on the control of wheat stripe rust. Mingxian169 (MX169) showed strong stripe rust susceptibility to all the races of Pst. However, molecular mechanisms and responsive genes underlying susceptibility of the wheat variety MX169 to Pst have not been elucidated. Here, we utilized next-generation sequencing technology to analyze transcriptomics data of "MX169" and high-resistance wheat "Zhong4" at 24, 48, and 120 h post-inoculation (hpi) with Pst. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed 3,494, 2,831, and 2,700 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at different time points. We observed an upregulation of DEGs involved in photosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, pyruvate metabolism, thiamine metabolism, and other biological processes, suggesting their involvement in MX169's response to Pst. DEGs encoding transcription factors were also identified. Our study suggested the potential susceptibility gene resources in MX169 related to stripe rust response could be valuable for understanding the mechanisms involved in stripe rust susceptibility and for improving wheat resistance to Pst. IMPORTANCE Our study suggests the potential susceptibility gene resources in MX169 related to stripe rust response could be valuable for understanding the mechanisms involved in stripe rust susceptibility and for improving wheat resistance to Pst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Lv
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Congying Zhou
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ahsan Abdullah
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqian Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lujia Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Baoqiang Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanhong Ma
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Mi X, Li W, Chen C, Xu H, Wang G, Jin X, Zhang D, Guo W. GhMPK9-GhRAF39_1-GhWRKY40a Regulates the GhERF1b- and GhABF2-Mediated Pathways to Increase Cotton Disease Resistance. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2404400. [PMID: 38845189 PMCID: PMC11304259 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is the center of plant signal transduction system that amplify immune signals into cellular responses by phosphorylating diverse substrates. The MAPK cascade consisting of MAPK kinase kinases (MAPKKKs), MAPK kinases (MAPKKs), and MAPKs is well characterized in plants, in which Raf-like kinases are generally regarded as MAPKKKs. However, it is rarely reported that Raf-like MAPKKKs function as middle regulators to link MAPK and its downstream transcription factors in plant immunity. Verticillium wilt, caused by the soil-borne vascular fungus Verticillium dahliae, is a serious disease in many plants, including cotton. The previous studies showed that GhMPK9 (a MAPK) is involved in the response to Verticillium wilt. Here, the Raf-like kinase GhRAF39_1 is reported as helper regulates the phosphorylation of WRKY transcription factor GhWRKY40a by GhMPK9. The phosphorylated GhWRKY40a can further activate the transcription of GhERF1b to up-regulate defense-related genes while inhibit the transcription of GhABF2 to regulate the stomatal opening, thus improving the resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton. This study reveals a new signaling module of GhMPK9-GhRAF39_1-GhWRKY40a to regulate GhERF1b- and GhABF2-mediated defense responses, which triggers plant defense against Verticillium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and UtilizationEngineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and ApplicationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Weixi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and UtilizationEngineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and ApplicationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and UtilizationEngineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and ApplicationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Huijuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and UtilizationEngineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and ApplicationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Guilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and UtilizationEngineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and ApplicationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Xuanxiang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and UtilizationEngineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and ApplicationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Dayong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and UtilizationEngineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and ApplicationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Wangzhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and UtilizationEngineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Cotton Germplasm Enhancement and ApplicationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
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Zhai M, Chen Y, Pan X, Chen Y, Zhou J, Jiang X, Zhang Z, Xiao G, Zhang H. OsEIN2-OsEIL1/2 pathway negatively regulates chilling tolerance by attenuating OsICE1 function in rice. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2561-2577. [PMID: 38518060 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Low temperature severely affects rice development and yield. Ethylene signal is essential for plant development and stress response. Here, we reported that the OsEIN2-OsEIL1/2 pathway reduced OsICE1-dependent chilling tolerance in rice. The overexpressing plants of OsEIN2, OsEIL1 and OsEIL2 exhibited severe stress symptoms with excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation under chilling, while the mutants (osein2 and oseil1) and OsEIL2-RNA interference plants (OsEIL2-Ri) showed the enhanced chilling tolerance. We validated that OsEIL1 and OsEIL2 could form a heterxodimer and synergistically repressed OsICE1 expression by binding to its promoter. The expression of OsICE1 target genes, ROS scavenging- and photosynthesis-related genes were downregulated by OsEIN2 and OsEIL1/2, which were activated by OsICE1, suggesting that OsEIN2-OsEIL1/2 pathway might mediate ROS accumulation and photosynthetic capacity under chilling by attenuating OsICE1 function. Moreover, the association analysis of the seedling chilling tolerance with the haplotype showed that the lower expression of OsEIL1 and OsEIL2 caused by natural variation might confer chilling tolerance on rice seedlings. Finally, we generated OsEIL2-edited rice with an enhanced chilling tolerance. Taken together, our findings reveal a possible mechanism integrating OsEIN2-OsEIL1/2 pathway with OsICE1-dependent cascade in regulating chilling tolerance, providing a practical strategy for breeding chilling-tolerant rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjuan Zhai
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yating Chen
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaowu Pan
- Hunan Rice Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahao Zhou
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Jiang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijin Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guiqing Xiao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Haiwen Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhao Y, Zhu X, Shi CM, Xu G, Zuo S, Shi Y, Cao W, Kang H, Liu W, Wang R, Ning Y, Wang GL, Wang X. OsEIL2 balances rice immune responses against (hemi)biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens via the salicylic acid and jasmonic acid synergism. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:362-380. [PMID: 38730437 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Plants typically activate distinct defense pathways against various pathogens. Heightened resistance to one pathogen often coincides with increased susceptibility to another pathogen. However, the underlying molecular basis of this antagonistic response remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that mutants defective in the transcription factor ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE 3-LIKE 2 (OsEIL2) exhibited enhanced resistance to the biotrophic bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae and to the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, but enhanced susceptibility to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Furthermore, necrotroph-induced OsEIL2 binds to the promoter of OsWRKY67 with high affinity, leading to the upregulation of salicylic acid (SA)/jasmonic acid (JA) pathway genes and increased SA/JA levels, ultimately resulting in enhanced resistance. However, biotroph- and hemibiotroph-induced OsEIL2 targets OsERF083, resulting in the inhibition of SA/JA pathway genes and decreased SA/JA levels, ultimately leading to reduced resistance. Our findings unveil a previously uncharacterized defense mechanism wherein two distinct transcriptional regulatory modules differentially mediate immunity against pathogens with different lifestyles through the transcriptional reprogramming of phytohormone pathway genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Cheng-Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Guojuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shimin Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yanlong Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenlei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Houxiang Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wende Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xuli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
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Wu X, Wang L, Xing Q, Zhao Y, Qi H. CmPIF8-CmERF27-CmACS10-mediated ethylene biosynthesis modulates red light-induced powdery mildew resistance in oriental melon. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 38923433 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Powdery mildew is a serious fungal disease in protected melon cultivation that affects the growth, development and production of melon plants. Previous studies have shown that red light can improve oriental melon seedlings resistance to powdery mildew. Here, after inoculation with Podosphaera xanthii, an obligate fungal pathogen eliciting powdery mildew, we found that red light pretreatment increased ethylene production and this improved the resistance of melon seedlings to powdery mildew, and the ethylene biosynthesis gene CmACS10 played an important role in this process. By analysing the CmACS10 promoter, screening yeast one-hybrid library, it was found that CmERF27 positively regulated the expression of CmACS10, increased powdery mildew resistance and interacted with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR8 (CmPIF8) at the protein level to participate in the regulation of ethylene biosynthesis to respond to the red light-induced resistance to P. xanthii, Furthermore, CmPIF8 also directly targeted the promoter of CmACS10, negatively participated in this process. In summary, this study revealed the specific mechanism by which the CmPIF8-CmERF27-CmACS10 module regulates red light-induced ethylene biosynthesis to resist P. xanthii infection, elucidate the interaction between light and plant hormones under biological stress, provide a reference and genetic resources for breeding of disease-resistant melon plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xutong Wu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education of Ministry and Liaoning Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education of Ministry and Liaoning Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiaojuan Xing
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education of Ministry and Liaoning Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongyan Qi
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education of Ministry and Liaoning Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang, China
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Zhu X, Zhao Y, Shi CM, Xu G, Wang N, Zuo S, Ning Y, Kang H, Liu W, Wang R, Yan S, Wang GL, Wang X. Antagonistic control of rice immunity against distinct pathogens by the two transcription modules via salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1609-1622.e4. [PMID: 38640925 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Although the antagonistic effects of host resistance against biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens have been documented in various plants, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we investigated the antagonistic resistance mediated by the transcription factor ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3-LIKE 3 (OsEIL3) in rice. The Oseil3 mutant confers enhanced resistance to the necrotroph Rhizoctonia solani but greater susceptibility to the hemibiotroph Magnaporthe oryzae and biotroph Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. OsEIL3 directly activates OsERF040 transcription while repressing OsWRKY28 transcription. The infection of R. solani and M. oryzae or Xoo influences the extent of binding of OsEIL3 to OsWRKY28 and OsERF040 promoters, resulting in the repression or activation of both salicylic acid (SA)- and jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent pathways and enhanced susceptibility or resistance, respectively. These results demonstrate that the distinct effects of plant immunity to different pathogen types are determined by two transcription factor modules that control transcriptional reprogramming and the SA and JA pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yudan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cheng-Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Guojuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nana Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shimin Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Houxiang Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wende Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuangyong Yan
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Xuli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Mohorović P, Geldhof B, Holsteens K, Rinia M, Daems S, Reijnders T, Ceusters J, Van den Ende W, Van de Poel B. Ethylene inhibits photosynthesis via temporally distinct responses in tomato plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:762-784. [PMID: 38146839 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene is a volatile plant hormone that regulates many developmental processes and responses toward (a)biotic stress. Studies have shown that high levels of ethylene repress vegetative growth in many important crops, including tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), possibly by inhibiting photosynthesis. We investigated the temporal effects of ethylene on young tomato plants using an automated ethylene gassing system to monitor the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses through time course RNA-seq of a photosynthetically active source leaf. We found that ethylene evokes a dose-dependent inhibition of photosynthesis, which can be characterized by 3 temporally distinct phases. The earliest ethylene responses that marked the first phase and occurred a few hours after the start of the treatment were leaf epinasty and a decline in stomatal conductance, which led to lower light perception and CO2 uptake, respectively, resulting in a rapid decline of soluble sugar levels (glucose, fructose). The second phase of the ethylene effect was marked by low carbohydrate availability, which modulated plant energy metabolism to adapt by using alternative substrates (lipids and proteins) to fuel the TCA cycle. Long-term continuous exposure to ethylene led to the third phase, characterized by starch and chlorophyll breakdown, which further inhibited photosynthesis, leading to premature leaf senescence. To reveal early (3 h) ethylene-dependent regulators of photosynthesis, we performed a ChIP-seq experiment using anti-ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3-like 1 (EIL1) antibodies and found several candidate transcriptional regulators. Collectively, our study revealed a temporal sequence of events that led to the inhibition of photosynthesis by ethylene and identified potential transcriptional regulators responsible for this regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Mohorović
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Batist Geldhof
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristof Holsteens
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marilien Rinia
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stijn Daems
- Research Group for Sustainable Plant Production and Protection, Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Campus Geel, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - Timmy Reijnders
- Molecular Biotechnology of Plants and Microorganisms Lab, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Ceusters
- Research Group for Sustainable Plant Production and Protection, Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Campus Geel, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
- Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Van den Ende
- Molecular Biotechnology of Plants and Microorganisms Lab, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Van de Poel
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Wang H, Chen Q, Feng W. The Emerging Role of 2OGDs as Candidate Targets for Engineering Crops with Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1129. [PMID: 38674537 PMCID: PMC11054871 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Plant diseases caused by pathogens result in a marked decrease in crop yield and quality annually, greatly threatening food production and security worldwide. The creation and cultivation of disease-resistant cultivars is one of the most effective strategies to control plant diseases. Broad-spectrum resistance (BSR) is highly preferred by breeders because it confers plant resistance to diverse pathogen species or to multiple races or strains of one species. Recently, accumulating evidence has revealed the roles of 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenases (2OGDs) as essential regulators of plant disease resistance. Indeed, 2OGDs catalyze a large number of oxidative reactions, participating in the plant-specialized metabolism or biosynthesis of the major phytohormones and various secondary metabolites. Moreover, several 2OGD genes are characterized as negative regulators of plant defense responses, and the disruption of these genes via genome editing tools leads to enhanced BSR against pathogens in crops. Here, the recent advances in the isolation and identification of defense-related 2OGD genes in plants and their exploitation in crop improvement are comprehensively reviewed. Also, the strategies for the utilization of 2OGD genes as targets for engineering BSR crops are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China;
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qinghe Chen
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China;
| | - Wanzhen Feng
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China;
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Chen X, Sun Y, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Fang X, Gao H, Zhao M, He S, Song B, Liu S, Wu J, Xu P, Zhang S. The EIN3 transcription factor GmEIL1 improves soybean resistance to Phytophthora sojae. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2024; 25:e13452. [PMID: 38619823 PMCID: PMC11018115 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Phytophthora root and stem rot of soybean (Glycine max), caused by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae, is an extremely destructive disease worldwide. In this study, we identified GmEIL1, which encodes an ethylene-insensitive3 (EIN3) transcription factor. GmEIL1 was significantly induced following P. sojae infection of soybean plants. Compared to wild-type soybean plants, transgenic soybean plants overexpressing GmEIL1 showed enhanced resistance to P. sojae and GmEIL1-silenced RNA-interference lines showed more severe symptoms when infected with P. sojae. We screened for target genes of GmEIL1 and confirmed that GmEIL1 bound directly to the GmERF113 promoter and regulated GmERF113 expression. Moreover, GmEIL1 positively regulated the expression of the pathogenesis-related gene GmPR1. The GmEIL1-regulated defence response to P. sojae involved both ethylene biosynthesis and the ethylene signalling pathway. These findings suggest that the GmEIL1-GmERF113 module plays an important role in P. sojae resistance via the ethylene signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education MinistrySoybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqingChina
| | - Yan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education MinistrySoybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education MinistrySoybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education MinistrySoybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Chuanzhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education MinistrySoybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Xin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education MinistrySoybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Hong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education MinistrySoybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Ming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education MinistrySoybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Shengfu He
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education MinistrySoybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Bo Song
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education MinistrySoybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education MinistrySoybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Junjiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation of Ministry of AgricultureSoybean Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbinChina
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education MinistrySoybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education MinistrySoybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
- Plant Science Department, School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai JiaoTong UniversityShanghaiChina
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10
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Qiao J, Quan R, Wang J, Li Y, Xiao D, Zhao Z, Huang R, Qin H. OsEIL1 and OsEIL2, two master regulators of rice ethylene signaling, promote the expression of ROS scavenging genes to facilitate coleoptile elongation and seedling emergence from soil. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100771. [PMID: 37994014 PMCID: PMC10943563 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Successful emergence from the soil is a prerequisite for survival of germinating seeds in their natural environment. In rice, coleoptile elongation facilitates seedling emergence and establishment, and ethylene plays an important role in this process. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains largely unclear. Here, we report that ethylene promotes cell elongation and inhibits cell expansion in rice coleoptiles, resulting in longer and thinner coleoptiles that facilitate seedlings emergence from the soil. Transcriptome analysis showed that genes related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation are upregulated and genes involved in ROS scavenging are downregulated in the coleoptiles of ethylene-signaling mutants. Further investigations showed that soil coverage promotes accumulation of ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3-LIKE 1 (OsEIL1) and OsEIL2 in the upper region of the coleoptile, and both OsEIL1 and OsEIL2 can bind directly to the promoters of the GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase (VTC1) gene OsVTC1-3 and the peroxidase (PRX) genes OsPRX37, OsPRX81, OsPRX82, and OsPRX88 to activate their expression. This leads to increased ascorbic acid content, greater peroxidase activity, and decreased ROS accumulation in the upper region of the coleoptile. Disruption of ROS accumulation promotes coleoptile growth and seedling emergence from soil. These findings deepen our understanding of the roles of ethylene and ROS in controlling coleoptile growth, and this information can be used by breeders to produce rice varieties suitable for direct seeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhu Qiao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ruidang Quan
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Dinglin Xiao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zihan Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rongfeng Huang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Hua Qin
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China.
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11
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Shu P, Li Y, Sheng J, Shen L. Recent Advances in Dissecting the Function of Ethylene in Interaction between Host and Pathogen. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4552-4563. [PMID: 38379128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Pathogens influence the growth and development of plants, resulting in detrimental damage to their yields and quality. Ethylene, a gaseous phytohormone, serves a pivotal function in modulating diverse physiological processes in plants, including defense mechanisms against pathogen invasion. Ethylene biosynthesis is involved in both plants and pathogens. Recent empirical research elucidates the intricate interactions and regulatory mechanisms between ethylene and pathogens across various plant species. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest findings concerning ethylene's role and its regulatory networks in host-pathogen interactions. Additionally, we explore the crosstalk between ethylene and other phytohormones. Points regarding ethylene emission and its modulation by pathogens are also emphasized. Moreover, we also discuss potential unresolved issues in the field that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Shu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yujing Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jiping Sheng
- School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Lin Shen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
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12
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Shen Z, Yang X, Sun Y, Jiang C, Cheng L, Liu D, Wen L, Yang A. Integrated transmission electron microscopy and proteomic analyses reveal the cytoarchitectural response to cucumber mosaic virus infection in tobacco. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130100. [PMID: 38350582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) causes huge economic losses to agriculture every year; thus, understanding the mechanism of plant resistance to CMV is imperative. In this study, an integrated analysis of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations and proteomic results was used to identify cytoarchitectural differences in Nicotiana tabacum cv. NC82 (susceptible) and cv. Taiyan 8 (T.T.8; resistant) following infection with CMV. The TEM observations showed that the structure of the chloroplasts and mitochondria was severely damaged at the late stage of infection in NC82. Moreover, the chloroplast stroma and mitochondrial cristae were reduced and disaggregated. However, in T.T.8, organelle structure remained largely intact Selective autophagy predominated in T.T.8, whereas non-selective autophagy dominated in NC82, resembling cellular disorder. Proteomic analysis of T.T.8 revealed differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) mostly associated with photosynthesis, respiration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, and cellular autophagy. Biochemical analyses revealed that ROS-related catalase, autophagy-related disulfide isomerase, and jasmonic acid and antioxidant secondary metabolite synthesis-related 4-coumarate:CoA ligase (Nt4CL) exhibited different trends and significant differences in expression in the two cultivars after CMV inoculation. Furthermore, mutant phenotyping verified that reduced Nt4CL expression impaired resistance in T.T.8. The identified DEPs are crucial for maintaining intracellular homeostatic balance and likely contribute to the mechanism of CMV resistance in tobacco. These findings increase our understanding of plant cytological mechanisms conferring resistance to CMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Shen
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoning Yang
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
| | - Yiwen Sun
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
| | - Caihong Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
| | - Lirui Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China.
| | - Liuying Wen
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China.
| | - Aiguo Yang
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, China.
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13
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Meng F, Zheng X, Wang J, Qiu T, Yang Q, Fang K, Bhadauria V, Peng Y, Zhao W. The GRAS protein OsDLA involves in brassinosteroid signalling and positively regulates blast resistance by forming a module with GSK2 and OsWRKY53 in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:363-378. [PMID: 37794842 PMCID: PMC10826986 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a crucial role in shaping the architecture of rice (Oryza sativa) plants. However, the regulatory mechanism of BR signalling in rice immunity remains largely unexplored. Here we identify a rice mutant dla, which exhibits decreased leaf angles and is insensitive to 24-epiBL (a highly active synthetic BR), resembling the BR-deficient phenotype. The dla mutation caused by a T-DNA insertion in the OsDLA gene leads to downregulation of the causative gene. The OsDLA knockout plants display reduced leaf angles and less sensitivity to 24-epiBL. In addition, both dla mutant and OsDLA knockout plants are more susceptible to rice blast compared to the wild type. OsDLA is a GRAS transcription factor and interacts with the BR signalling core negative regulator, GSK2. GSK2 phosphorylates OsDLA for degradation via the 26S proteasome. The GSK2 RNAi line exhibits enhanced rice blast resistance, while the overexpression lines thereof show susceptibility to rice blast. Furthermore, we show that OsDLA interacts with and stabilizes the WRKY transcription factor OsWRKY53, which has been demonstrated to positively regulate BR signalling and blast resistance. OsWRKY53 directly binds the promoter of PBZ1 and activates its expression, and this activation can be enhanced by OsDLA. Together, our findings unravel a novel mechanism whereby the GSK2-OsDLA-OsWRKY53 module coordinates blast resistance and plant architecture via BR signalling in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanwei Meng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xunmei Zheng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jia Wang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Tiancheng Qiu
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qingya Yang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Kexing Fang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Vijai Bhadauria
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant PathologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - You‐Liang Peng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant PathologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wensheng Zhao
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural UniversitySanyaChina
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14
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Qin H, Xiao M, Li Y, Huang R. Ethylene Modulates Rice Root Plasticity under Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:432. [PMID: 38337965 PMCID: PMC10857340 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Plants live in constantly changing environments that are often unfavorable or stressful. Root development strongly affects plant growth and productivity, and the developmental plasticity of roots helps plants to survive under abiotic stress conditions. This review summarizes the progress being made in understanding the regulation of the phtyohormone ethylene in rice root development in response to abiotic stresses, highlighting the complexity associated with the integration of ethylene synthesis and signaling in root development under adverse environments. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of ethylene in regulating root architecture and response to environmental signals can contribute to the genetic improvement of crop root systems, enhancing their adaptation to stressful environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Qin
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.L.); (R.H.)
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Minggang Xiao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028, China;
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Rongfeng Huang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.L.); (R.H.)
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China
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15
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Sharma B, Govindan G, Li Y, Sunkar R, Gregory BD. RNA N 6-Methyladenosine Affects Copper-Induced Oxidative Stress Response in Arabidopsis thaliana. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:8. [PMID: 38392963 PMCID: PMC10892094 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA mediated by N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been found to have profound effects on transcriptome regulation during plant responses to various abiotic stresses. However, whether this RNA modification can affect an oxidative stress response in plants has not been studied. To assess the role of m6A modifications during copper-induced oxidative stress responses, m6A-IP-seq was performed in Arabidopsis seedlings exposed to high levels of copper sulfate. This analysis revealed large-scale shifts in this modification on the transcripts most relevant for oxidative stress. This altered epitranscriptomic mark is known to influence transcript abundance and translation; therefore we scrutinized these possibilities. We found an increased abundance of copper-enriched m6A-containing transcripts. Similarly, we also found increased ribosome occupancy of copper-enriched m6A-containing transcripts, specifically those encoding proteins involved with stress responses relevant to oxidative stressors. Furthermore, the significance of the m6A epitranscriptome on plant oxidative stress tolerance was uncovered by assessing germination and seedling development of the mta (N6-methyladenosine RNA methyltransferase A mutant complemented with ABI3:MTA) mutant exposed to high copper treatment. These analyses suggested hypersensitivity of the mta mutant compared to the wild-type plants in response to copper-induced oxidative stress. Overall, our findings suggest an important role for m6A in the oxidative stress response of Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishwas Sharma
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Ganesan Govindan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.G.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yongfang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.G.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ramanjulu Sunkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.G.); (Y.L.)
| | - Brian D. Gregory
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
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16
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Wang Y, Xu C, Gao Y, Ma Y, Zhang X, Zhang L, Di H, Ma J, Dong L, Zeng X, Zhang N, Xu J, Li Y, Gao C, Wang Z, Zhou Y. Physiological Mechanisms Underlying Tassel Symptom Formation in Maize Infected with Sporisorium reilianum. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:238. [PMID: 38256790 PMCID: PMC10820020 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Head smut is a soil-borne fungal disease caused by Sporisorium reilianum that infects maize tassels and ears. This disease poses a tremendous threat to global maize production. A previous study found markedly different and stably heritable tassel symptoms in some maize inbred lines with Sipingtou blood after infection with S. reilianum. In the present study, 55 maize inbred lines with Sipingtou blood were inoculated with S. reilianum and classified into three tassel symptom types (A, B, and C). Three maize inbred lines representing these classes (Huangzao4, Jing7, and Chang7-2, respectively) were used as test materials to investigate the physiological mechanisms of tassel formation in infected plants. Changes in enzyme activity, hormone content, and protein expression were analyzed in all three lines after infection and in control plants. The activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and phenylalanine-ammonia-lyase (PAL) were increased in the three typical inbred lines after inoculation. POD and SOD activities showed similar trends between lines, with the increase percentage peaking at the V12 stage (POD: 57.06%, 63.19%, and 70.28% increases in Huangzao4, Jing7, and Chang7-2, respectively; SOD: 27.01%, 29.62%, and 47.07% in Huangzao4, Jing7, and Chang7-2, respectively. These were all higher than in the disease-resistant inbred line Mo17 at the same growth stage); this stage was found to be key in tassel symptom formation. Levels of gibberellic acid (GA3), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and abscisic acid (ABA) were also altered in the three typical maize inbred lines after inoculation, with changes in GA3 and IAA contents tightly correlated with tassel symptoms after S. reilianum infection. The differentially expressed proteins A5H8G4, P09233, and Q8VXG7 were associated with changes in enzyme activity, whereas P49353, P13689, and P10979 were associated with changes in hormone contents. Fungal infection caused reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) bursts in the three typical inbred lines. This ROS accumulation caused biofilm disruption and altered host signaling pathways, whereas NO signaling triggered strong secondary metabolic responses in the host and altered the activities of defense-related enzymes. These factors together resulted in the formation of varying tassel symptoms. Thus, interactions between S. reilianum and susceptible maize materials were influenced by a variety of signals, enzymes, hormones, and metabolic cycles, encompassing a very complex regulatory network. This study preliminarily identified the physiological mechanisms leading to differences in tassel symptoms, deepening our understanding of S. reilianum-maize interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chuzhen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yansong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanhua Ma
- Institute of Forage and Grass land Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China;
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hong Di
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jinxin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ling Dong
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xing Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Naifu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yujuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Engineering Technology Research Center of Maize Germplasm Resources Innovation on Cold land of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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17
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Xie W, Cao W, Lu S, Zhao J, Shi X, Yue X, Wang G, Feng Z, Hu K, Chen Z, Zuo S. Knockout of transcription factor OsERF65 enhances ROS scavenging ability and confers resistance to rice sheath blight. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:1535-1551. [PMID: 37776021 PMCID: PMC10632786 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight (ShB) is a devastating disease that severely threatens rice production worldwide. Induction of cell death represents a key step during infection by the ShB pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. In the present study, we identified a rice transcription factor, OsERF65, that negatively regulates resistance to ShB by suppressing cell death. OsERF65 was significantly upregulated by R. solani infection in susceptible cultivar Lemont and was highly expressed in the leaf sheath. Overexpression of OsERF65 (OsERF65OE) decreased rice resistance, while the knockout mutant (oserf65) exhibited significantly increased resistance against ShB. The transcriptome assay revealed that OsERF65 repressed the expression of peroxidase genes after R. solani infection. The antioxidative enzyme activity was significantly increased in oserf65 plants but reduced in OsERF65OE plants. Consistently, hydrogen peroxide content was apparently reduced in oserf65 plants but accumulated in OsERF65OE plants. OsERF65 directly bound to the GCC box in the promoter regions of four peroxidase genes and suppressed their transcription, reducing the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). The oserf65 mutant exhibited a slight decrease in plant height but increased grain yield. Overall, our results revealed an undocumented role of OsERF65 that acts as a crucial regulator of rice resistance to R. solani and a potential target for improving both ShB resistance and rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Xie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Wenlei Cao
- College of Tourism and Cuisine, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Shuaibing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xiaopin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xuanyu Yue
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Guangda Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Zhiming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Keming Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Zongxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Shimin Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of ChinaInstitutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
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18
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Xiao N, Wu Y, Zhang X, Hao Z, Chen Z, Yang Z, Cai Y, Wang R, Yu L, Wang Z, Lu Y, Shi W, Pan C, Li Y, Zhou C, Liu J, Huang N, Liu G, Ji H, Zhu S, Fang S, Ning Y, Li A. Pijx confers broad-spectrum seedling and panicle blast resistance by promoting the degradation of ATP β subunit and OsRbohC-mediated ROS burst in rice. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1832-1846. [PMID: 37798878 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most important diseases of rice. Utilization of blast-resistance genes is the most economical, effective, and environmentally friendly way to control the disease. However, genetic resources with broad-spectrum resistance (BSR) that is effective throughout the rice growth period are rare. In this work, using a genome-wide association study, we identify a new blast-resistance gene, Pijx, which encodes a typical CC-NBS-LRR protein. Pijx is derived from a wild rice species and confers BSR to M. oryzae at both the seedling and panicle stages. The functions of the resistant haplotypes of Pijx are confirmed by gene knockout and overexpression experiments. Mechanistically, the LRR domain in Pijx interacts with and promotes the degradation of the ATP synthase β subunit (ATPb) via the 26S proteasome pathway. ATPb acts as a negative regulator of Pijx-mediated panicle blast resistance, and interacts with OsRbohC to promote its degradation. Consistently, loss of ATPb function causes an increase in NAPDH content and ROS burst. Remarkably, when Pijx is introgressed into two japonica rice varieties, the introgression lines show BSR and increased yields that are approximately 51.59% and 79.31% higher compared with those of their parents in a natural blast disease nursery. In addition, we generate PPLPijx Pigm and PPLPijx Piz-t pyramided lines and these lines also have higher BSR to panicle blast compared with Pigm- or Piz-t-containing rice plants. Collectively, this study demonstrates that Pijx not only confers BSR to M. oryzae but also maintains high and stable rice yield, providing new genetic resources and molecular targets for breeding rice varieties with broad-spectrum blast resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xiao
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yunyu Wu
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zeyun Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zichun Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zefeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yue Cai
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Cunhong Pan
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Changhai Zhou
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianju Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Niansheng Huang
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hongjuan Ji
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shuhao Zhu
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shuai Fang
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Aihong Li
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Kethom W, Taylor PWJ, Mongkolporn O. Expression of Genes Involved in Anthracnose Resistance in Chili ( Capsicum baccatum) 'PBC80'-Derived Recombinant Inbred Lines. Pathogens 2023; 12:1306. [PMID: 38003772 PMCID: PMC10675817 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chili anthracnose has long been a threat to chili production worldwide. Capsicum baccatum 'PBC80' has been identified as a source of resistance to anthracnose. Recently, a QTL for ripe fruit resistance from 'PBC80'-derived RILs was located on chromosome 4 (123 Mb) and contained over 80 defense-related genes. To identify the genes most related to anthracnose resistance, a fine map of the QTL region was developed using single-marker analysis. Nine genes were selected from the new QTL (1.12 Mb) to study their expression after being challenged with Colletotrichum scovillei 'MJ5' in two different RIL genotypes (Resistance/Resistance or R/R and Susceptible/Susceptible or S/S) at 0, 6 and 12 h. Of the nine genes, LYM2, CQW23_09597, CLF, NFXL1, and PR-14 were significantly up-regulated, compared to the control, in the R/R genotype. ERF was up-regulated in both chili genotypes. However, the expression was relatively and constantly low in the S/S genotype. Most up-regulated genes reached the highest peak (2.3-4.5 fold) at 6 h, except for ERF, which had the highest peak at 12 h (6.4 fold). The earliest and highest expressed gene was a pathogen receptor, LYM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassana Kethom
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand;
| | - Paul W. J. Taylor
- Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Orarat Mongkolporn
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand;
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20
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Dharajiya DT, Shukla N, Pandya M, Joshi M, Patel AK, Joshi CG. Resistant cumin cultivar, GC-4 counters Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini infection through up-regulation of steroid biosynthesis, limonene and pinene degradation and butanoate metabolism pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1204828. [PMID: 37915505 PMCID: PMC10616826 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1204828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), an important spice crop belonging to the Apiaceae family is infected by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini (Foc) to cause wilt disease, one of the most devastating diseases of cumin adversely affects its production. As immune responses of cumin plants against the infection of Foc are not well studied, this research aimed to identify the genes and pathways involved in responses of cumin (cv. GC-2, GC-3, GC-4, and GC-5) to the wilt pathogen. Differential gene expression analysis revealed a total of 2048, 1576, 1987, and 1174 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GC-2, GC-3, GC-4, and GC-5, respectively. In the resistant cultivar GC-4 (resistant against Foc), several important transcripts were identified. These included receptors, transcription factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating and scavenging enzymes, non-enzymatic compounds, calcium ion (Ca2+) transporters and receptors, R-proteins, and PR-proteins. The expression of these genes is believed to play crucial roles in conferring resistance against Foc. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of the up-regulated DEGs showed significant enrichment of 19, 91, 227, and 55 biological processes in GC-2, GC-3, GC-4, and GC-5, respectively. Notably, the resistant cultivar GC-4 exhibited enrichment in key GO terms such as 'secondary metabolic process', 'response to reactive oxygen species', 'phenylpropanoid metabolic process', and 'hormone-mediated signaling pathway'. Furthermore, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed the enrichment of 28, 57, 65, and 30 pathways in GC-2, GC-3, GC-4, and GC-5, respectively, focusing on the up-regulated DEGs. The cultivar GC-4 showed enrichment in pathways related to steroid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, butanoate metabolism, limonene and pinene degradation, and carotenoid biosynthesis. The activation or up-regulation of various genes and pathways associated with stress resistance demonstrated that the resistant cultivar GC-4 displayed enhanced defense mechanisms against Foc. These findings provide valuable insights into the defense responses of cumin that could contribute to the development of cumin cultivars with improved resistance against Foc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Madhvi Joshi
- Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC), Department of Science and Technology, Government of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Amrutlal K. Patel
- Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC), Department of Science and Technology, Government of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Chaitanya G. Joshi
- Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC), Department of Science and Technology, Government of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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21
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Ali S, Tyagi A, Bae H. ROS interplay between plant growth and stress biology: Challenges and future perspectives. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108032. [PMID: 37757722 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In plants, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have emerged as a multifunctional signaling molecules that modulate diverse stress and growth responses. Earlier studies on ROS in plants primarily focused on its toxicity and ROS-scavenging processes, but recent findings are offering new insights on its role in signal perception and transduction. Further, the interaction of cell wall receptors, calcium channels, HATPase, protein kinases, and hormones with NADPH oxidases (respiratory burst oxidase homologues (RBOHs), provides concrete evidence that ROS regulates major signaling cascades in different cellular compartments related to stress and growth responses. However, at the molecular level there are many knowledge gaps regarding how these players influence ROS signaling and how ROS regulate them during growth and stress events. Furthermore, little is known about how plant sensors or receptors detect ROS under various environmental stresses and induce subsequent signaling cascades. In light of this, we provided an update on the role of ROS signaling in plant growth and stress biology. First, we focused on ROS signaling, its production and regulation by cell wall receptor like kinases. Next, we discussed the interplay between ROS, calcium and hormones, which forms a major signaling trio regulatory network of signal perception and transduction. We also provided an overview on ROS and nitric oxide (NO) crosstalk. Furthermore, we emphasized the function of ROS signaling in biotic, abiotic and mechanical stresses, as well as in plant growth and development. Finally, we conclude by highlighting challenges and future perspectives of ROS signaling in plants that warrants future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Anshika Tyagi
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanhong Bae
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Meddya S, Meshram S, Sarkar D, S R, Datta R, Singh S, Avinash G, Kumar Kondeti A, Savani AK, Thulasinathan T. Plant Stomata: An Unrealized Possibility in Plant Defense against Invading Pathogens and Stress Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3380. [PMID: 37836120 PMCID: PMC10574665 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Stomata are crucial structures in plants that play a primary role in the infection process during a pathogen's attack, as they act as points of access for invading pathogens to enter host tissues. Recent evidence has revealed that stomata are integral to the plant defense system and can actively impede invading pathogens by triggering plant defense responses. Stomata interact with diverse pathogen virulence factors, granting them the capacity to influence plant susceptibility and resistance. Moreover, recent studies focusing on the environmental and microbial regulation of stomatal closure and opening have shed light on the epidemiology of bacterial diseases in plants. Bacteria and fungi can induce stomatal closure using pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), effectively preventing entry through these openings and positioning stomata as a critical component of the plant's innate immune system; however, despite this defense mechanism, some microorganisms have evolved strategies to overcome stomatal protection. Interestingly, recent research supports the hypothesis that stomatal closure caused by PAMPs may function as a more robust barrier against pathogen infection than previously believed. On the other hand, plant stomatal closure is also regulated by factors such as abscisic acid and Ca2+-permeable channels, which will also be discussed in this review. Therefore, this review aims to discuss various roles of stomata during biotic and abiotic stress, such as insects and water stress, and with specific context to pathogens and their strategies for evading stomatal defense, subverting plant resistance, and overcoming challenges faced by infectious propagules. These pathogens must navigate specific plant tissues and counteract various constitutive and inducible resistance mechanisms, making the role of stomata in plant defense an essential area of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Meddya
- School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Shweta Meshram
- School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Deepranjan Sarkar
- Department of Agriculture, Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India;
| | - Rakesh S
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar 736165, India;
| | - Rahul Datta
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Sachidanand Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar 384315, India;
| | - Gosangi Avinash
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141027, India;
| | - Arun Kumar Kondeti
- Department of Agronomy, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal 518502, India;
| | - Ajit Kumar Savani
- Department of Plant Pathology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat 785013, India;
| | - Thiyagarajan Thulasinathan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India;
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23
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Zhao Q, Liu R, Zhou Q, Ye J, Meng F, Liu J, Yang C. Calcium-binding protein OsANN1 regulates rice blast disease resistance by inactivating jasmonic acid signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:1621-1637. [PMID: 36943290 PMCID: PMC10231358 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant annexins are calcium- and lipid-binding proteins that have multiple functions; however, the biological roles of annexins in plant disease resistance remain unknown. Here, we report a rice annexin gene, OsANN1 (Rice annexin 1), that was induced by M. oryzae infection and negatively regulated blast disease resistance in rice. By yeast 2-hybrid screening, we found that OsANN1 interacted with a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, HAN1 ("HAN" termed "chilling" in Chinese), which has been reported to catalyze the conversion of biologically active jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile) to the inactive form 12-hydroxy-JA-Ile. Pathogen inoculation assays revealed that HAN1 was also a negative regulator in rice blast resistance. Genetic evidence showed that OsANN1 acts upstream of HAN1. OsANN1 stabilizes HAN1 in planta, resulting in the inactivation of the endogenous biologically active JA-Ile. Taken together, our study unravels a mechanism where an OsANN1-HAN1 module impairs blast disease resistance via inactivating biologically active JA-Ile and JA signaling in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qinzheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fanwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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24
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Qiu J, Chen Y, Liu Z, Wen H, Jiang N, Shi H, Kou Y. The application of zinc oxide nanoparticles: An effective strategy to protect rice from rice blast and abiotic stresses. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 331:121925. [PMID: 37257808 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The causal agent of blast disease, the filamentous fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, leads to tremendous damage on rice production worldwide. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have multi-functions in plant growth and antimicrobial activity. However, the effects of ZnO NPs on M. oryzae and disease resistance in rice are still unclear. Here, we showed that ZnO NPs have direct antifungal activity against M. oryzae by inhibiting its conidiation and appressorium formation. In addition, ZnO NPs significantly inhibit blast development and enhance basal resistance in rice by inducing ROS accumulation and expression of defense-related genes OsNAC4, OsPR10, OsKSL4, and OsPR1b. Furthermore, we showed that ZnO NPs treatment reduces ABA level in plant, leading to increased ROS accumulation and enhanced resistance against M. oryzae. Importantly, ZnO NPs treatment improves the tolerance of rice seedlings to osmotic and heat stresses.In conclusion, not only being an effective aid in fighting against blast disease, ZnO NPs also provides a novel strategy to enhance the tolerance of rice seedlings to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Ya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Hui Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Huanbin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Yanjun Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China.
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25
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Qiao S, Ma J, Wang Y, Chen J, Kang Z, Bian Q, Chen J, Yin Y, Cao G, Zhao G, Yang G, Sun H, Yang Y. Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Details of the Molecular Regulation of Resistance to Stem Nematode in Sweet Potato. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2052. [PMID: 37653969 PMCID: PMC10221022 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Stem nematode disease can seriously reduce the yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam). To explore resistance mechanism to stem nematode in sweet potato, transcriptomes and metabolomes were sequenced and compared between two sweet potato cultivars, the resistant Zhenghong 22 and susceptible Longshu 9, at different times after stem nematode infection. In the transcriptional regulatory pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling was initiated in Zhenghong 22 at the early stage of infection to activate genes related to ethylene production. Stem nematode infection in Zhenghong 22 also triggered fatty acid metabolism and the activity of respiratory burst oxidase in the metabolic pathway, which further stimulated the glycolytic and shikimic pathways to provide raw materials for secondary metabolite biosynthesis. An integrated analysis of the secondary metabolic regulation pathway in the resistant cultivar Zhenghong 22 revealed the accumulation of tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine, leading to increased biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids and salicylic acid and enhanced activity of the alkaloid pathway. Stem nematode infection also activated the biosynthesis of terpenoids, abscisic acid, zeatin, indole, and brassinosteroid, resulting in improved resistance to stem nematode. Finally, analyses of the resistance regulation pathway and a weighted gene co-expression network analysis highlighted the importance of the genes itf14g17940 and itf12g18840, encoding a leucine-rich receptor-like protein and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase, respectively. These are candidate target genes for increasing the strength of the defense response. These results provide new ideas and a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism of resistance to stem nematode in sweet potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouchen Qiao
- Cereal Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (S.Q.); (Y.W.); (Z.K.); (Q.B.); (Y.Y.); (G.Y.)
| | - Jukui Ma
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai Area, Xuzhou 221000, China; (J.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Yannan Wang
- Cereal Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (S.Q.); (Y.W.); (Z.K.); (Q.B.); (Y.Y.); (G.Y.)
| | - Jingwei Chen
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai Area, Xuzhou 221000, China; (J.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Zhihe Kang
- Cereal Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (S.Q.); (Y.W.); (Z.K.); (Q.B.); (Y.Y.); (G.Y.)
| | - Qianqian Bian
- Cereal Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (S.Q.); (Y.W.); (Z.K.); (Q.B.); (Y.Y.); (G.Y.)
| | - Jinjin Chen
- Cereal Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (S.Q.); (Y.W.); (Z.K.); (Q.B.); (Y.Y.); (G.Y.)
| | - Yumeng Yin
- Cereal Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (S.Q.); (Y.W.); (Z.K.); (Q.B.); (Y.Y.); (G.Y.)
| | - Guozheng Cao
- Cereal Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (S.Q.); (Y.W.); (Z.K.); (Q.B.); (Y.Y.); (G.Y.)
| | - Guorui Zhao
- Cereal Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (S.Q.); (Y.W.); (Z.K.); (Q.B.); (Y.Y.); (G.Y.)
| | - Guohong Yang
- Cereal Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (S.Q.); (Y.W.); (Z.K.); (Q.B.); (Y.Y.); (G.Y.)
| | - Houjun Sun
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai Area, Xuzhou 221000, China; (J.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Yufeng Yang
- Cereal Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (S.Q.); (Y.W.); (Z.K.); (Q.B.); (Y.Y.); (G.Y.)
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26
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Lu K, Zhang L, Qin L, Chen X, Wang X, Zhang M, Dong H. Importin β1 Mediates Nuclear Entry of EIN2C to Confer the Phloem-Based Defense against Aphids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108545. [PMID: 37239892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethylene Insensitive 2 (EIN2) is an integral membrane protein that regulates ethylene signaling towards plant development and immunity by release of its carboxy-terminal functional portion (EIN2C) into the nucleus. The present study elucidates that the nuclear trafficking of EIN2C is induced by importin β1, which triggers the phloem-based defense (PBD) against aphid infestations in Arabidopsis. In plants, IMPβ1 interacts with EIN2C to facilitate EIN2C trafficking into the nucleus, either by ethylene treatment or by green peach aphid infestation, to confer EIN2-dependent PBD responses, which, in turn, impede the phloem-feeding activity and massive infestation by the aphid. In Arabidopsis, moreover, constitutively expressed EIN2C can complement the impβ1 mutant regarding EIN2C localization to the plant nucleus and the subsequent PBD development in the concomitant presence of IMPβ1 and ethylene. As a result, the phloem-feeding activity and massive infestation by green peach aphid were highly inhibited, indicating the potential value of EIN2C in protecting plants from insect attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Lina Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Xiaochen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Meixiang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710019, China
| | - Hansong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
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Hirakawa T, Tanno S, Ohara K. N-acetylglutamic acid alleviates oxidative stress based on histone acetylation in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1165646. [PMID: 37223787 PMCID: PMC10200918 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1165646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes cellular damage and genomic instability through the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants, resulting in reduced crop production. Chemical priming, which can enhance plant tolerance to environmental stress using functional chemical compounds, is expected to improve agricultural yield in various plants without genetic engineering. In the present study, we revealed that non-proteogenic amino acid N-acetylglutamic acid (NAG) can alleviate oxidative stress damage in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) and Oryza sativa (rice). Exogenous treatment with NAG prevented chlorophyll reduction induced by oxidative stress. The expression levels of ZAT10 and ZAT12, which are regarded as master transcriptional regulators in response to oxidative stress, increased following NAG treatment. Additionally, Arabidopsis plants treated with NAG showed enhanced levels of histone H4 acetylation at ZAT10 and ZAT12 with the induction of histone acetyltransferases HAC1 and HAC12. The results suggest that NAG could enhance tolerance to oxidative stress through epigenetic modifications and contribute to the improvement of crop production in a wide variety of plants under environmental stress.
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Guo N, Qu H, Zhi Y, Zhang Y, Cheng S, Chu J, Zhang Z, Xu G. Knockout of amino acid transporter gene OsLHT1 accelerates leaf senescence and enhances resistance to rice blast fungus. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023:erad125. [PMID: 37010326 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant amino acid transporters (AATs) regulate not only long-distance transport and reallocation of nitrogen (N) from source to sink organs, but also amount of amino acids in leaves hijacked by invaded pathogens. However, the function of AATs in plant defense responses to pathogen infection remains unknown. In this study, we found that rice amino acid transporter gene OsLHT1 was expressed in leaves and up-regulated by maturing, N starvation and inoculation of blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Knockout of OsLHT1 resulted in development stage- and N supply-dependent premature senescence of leaves at vegetative growth stage. In comparison to wild type, Oslht1 mutant lines showed sustained rusty red spots on fully mature leaf blades irrespective of N supply levels. Notably, no relationship between the severity of leaf rusty red spots and concentration of total N or amino acids was found in Oslht1 mutants at different developmental stages. Disruption of OsLHT1 altered transport and metabolism of amino acids and biosynthesis of flavones and flavonoids, enhanced expression of jasmonic acid- and salicylic acid-related defense genes and production of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid, accumulation of reactive oxygen species. OsLHT1 inactivation dramatically prevented the leaf invasion of M. oryzae, the hemi-biotrophic ascomycete fungus. Overall, these results establish a module connecting the activity of amino acid transporter with leaf metabolism and defense to rice blast fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Guo
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongye Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yue Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shujing Cheng
- National Centre for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jinfang Chu
- National Centre for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhengguang Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Bergmann T, Menkhaus J, Ye W, Schemmel M, Hasler M, Rietz S, Leckband G, Cai D. QTL mapping and transcriptome analysis identify novel QTLs and candidate genes in Brassica villosa for quantitative resistance against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:86. [PMID: 36966424 PMCID: PMC10040396 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Novel QTLs and candidate genes for Sclerotinia-resistance were identified in B. villosa, a wild Brassica species, which represents a new genetic source for improving oilseed rape resistance to SSR. Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is one of the most destructive diseases in oilseed rape growing regions. To date, there is no effective genetic resistance against S. sclerotiorum in the B. napus germplasm and knowledge of the molecular plant-fungal interaction is also limited. To identify new resistance resources, we screened a set of wild Brassica species and identified B. villosa (BRA1896) with a high level of Sclerotinia-resistance. Two segregating F2 populations for Sclerotinia-resistance, generated by interspecific crosses between the resistant B. villosa (BRA1896) and the wild susceptible B. oleracea (BRA1909) were assessed for Sclerotinia-resistance. Genetic mapping using a 15-k Illumina Infinium SNP-array resulted in a high-density genetic map containing 1,118 SNP markers and spanning a total genetic length of 792.2 cM. QTL analysis revealed seven QTLs explaining 3.8% to 16.5% of phenotypic variance. Intriguingly, RNAseq-based transcriptome analysis identified genes and pathways specific to B. villosa, of which a cluster of five genes encoding putative receptor-like kinases (RLKs) and two pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are co-localized within a QTL on chromosome C07. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis revealed enhanced ethylene (ET)-activated signaling in the resistant B. villosa, which is associated with a stronger plant immune response, depressed cell death, and enhanced phytoalexin biosynthesis compared to the susceptible B. oleracea. Our data demonstrates that B. villosa represents a novel and unique genetic source for improving oilseed rape resistance against SSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bergmann
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology and Biotechnology, Institute of Phytopathology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 9, 24118, Kiel, Germany
- NPZ Innovation GmbH, 24363, Holtsee, Germany
| | - Jan Menkhaus
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology and Biotechnology, Institute of Phytopathology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 9, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wanzhi Ye
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology and Biotechnology, Institute of Phytopathology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 9, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Schemmel
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology and Biotechnology, Institute of Phytopathology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 9, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mario Hasler
- Lehrfach Variationsstatistik, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | - Daguang Cai
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology and Biotechnology, Institute of Phytopathology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 9, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
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Chen J, Xuan Y, Yi J, Xiao G, Yuan DP, Li D. Progress in rice sheath blight resistance research. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1141697. [PMID: 37035075 PMCID: PMC10080073 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1141697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight (ShB) disease poses a major threat to rice yield throughout the world. However, the defense mechanisms against ShB in rice remain largely unknown. ShB resistance is a typical quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. With the rapid development of molecular methods, many quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to agronomic traits, biotic and abiotic stresses, and yield have been identified by genome-wide association studies. The interactions between plants and pathogens are controlled by various plant hormone signaling pathways, and the pathways synergistically or antagonistically interact with each other, regulating plant growth and development as well as the defense response. This review summarizes the regulatory effects of hormones including auxin, ethylene, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroids, gibberellin, abscisic acid, strigolactone, and cytokinin on ShB and the crosstalk between the various hormones. Furthermore, the effects of sugar and nitrogen on rice ShB resistance, as well as information on genes related to ShB resistance in rice and their effects on ShB are also discussed. In summary, this review is a comprehensive description of the QTLs, hormones, nutrition, and other defense-related genes related to ShB in rice. The prospects of targeting the resistance mechanism as a strategy for controlling ShB in rice are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsheng Chen
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianghui Yi
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Guosheng Xiao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - De Peng Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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31
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Chen H, Lin Q, Li Z, Chu J, Dong H, Mei Q, Xuan Y. Calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase 31 confers resistance to sheath blight via modulation of ROS homeostasis in rice. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:221-231. [PMID: 36633167 PMCID: PMC9923392 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight (ShB) severely threatens rice cultivation and production; however, the molecular mechanism of rice defence against ShB remains unclear. Screening of transposon Ds insertion mutants identified that Calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinase 31 (CIPK31) mutants were more susceptible to ShB, while CIPK31 overexpressors (OX) were less susceptible. Sequence analysis indicated two haplotypes of CIPK31: Hap_1, with significantly higher CIPK31 expression, was less sensitive to ShB than the Hap_2 lines. Further analyses showed that the NAF domain of CIPK31 interacted with the EF-hand motif of respiratory burst oxidase homologue (RBOHA) to inhibit RBOHA-induced H2 O2 production, and RBOHA RNAi plants were more susceptible to ShB. These data suggested that the CIPK31-mediated increase in resistance is not associated with RBOHA. Interestingly, the study also found that CIPK31 interacted with catalase C (CatC); cipk31 mutants accumulated less H2 O2 while CIPK31 OX accumulated more H2 O2 compared to the wild-type control. Further analysis showed the interaction of the catalase domain of CatC with the NAF domain of CIPK31 by which CIPK31 inhibits CatC activity to accumulate more H2 O2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Qiujun Lin
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing TechnologyLiaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyangChina
| | - Zhuo Li
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Jin Chu
- Institution of Plant ProtectionLiaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyangChina
| | - Hai Dong
- Institution of Plant ProtectionLiaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyangChina
| | - Qiong Mei
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
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32
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Zhang F, Wang M, Wang GL, Ning Y, Wang R. Insights into metabolite biosynthesis and regulation in rice immune signaling. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:225-228. [PMID: 36535835 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Plant metabolites are critical components of immune signaling pathways; however, how these small molecules contribute to plant immunity remains largely elusive. Emerging evidence demonstrates that the rice nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR)-interacting proteins regulate the biosynthesis of ethylene, hydroxycinnamoylputrescines and diterpenoid phytoalexins to modulate plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ruyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Fu J, Yu Q, Zhang C, Xian B, Fan J, Huang X, Yang W, Zou X, Chen S, Su L, He Y, Li Q. CsAP2-09 confers resistance against citrus bacterial canker by regulating CsGH3.1L-mediated phytohormone biosynthesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:964-973. [PMID: 36587648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Citrus bacterial canker (CBC) is a serious bacterial disease affecting citrus plantations and the citrus industry all over the world. We have previously shown that an apetala 2/ethylene response factor in Citrus sinensis, CsAP2-09, positively regulated resistance to CBC, although the regulatory mechanisms remained undetermined. Here, we demonstrated that CsAP2-09 positively and sustainably controlled resistance to CBC in three-year transgenic plants. CsAP2-09 was found to be a transcriptional activator, and qRT-PCR and dual luciferase assays showed that it controlled the expression CsGH3.1L. CsAP2-09 bound directly to the promotor of CsGH3.1L, shown by yeast one-hybrid assay, with the binding site confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Biochemical assays showed that CsAP2-09 negatively regulated the biosynthesis of indole acetic acid (IAA) and positively regulated that of salicylic acid (SA) and ethylene, verified with transient overexpression of CsGH3.1L. The combination of these results with those of previous reports indicated that SA, ethylene, and IAA can directly regulate CBC resistance. Overall, we revealed a pathway whereby CsAP2-09 conferred CBC resistance by direct binding to the CsGH3.1L promoter, activating its expression and modulating IAA, SA, and ethylene biosynthesis. Our study indicates the potential value of manipulating CsAP2-09 and CsGH3.1L in the breeding of CBC-resistant citrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Fu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Qiyuan Yu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Baohang Xian
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Xiuping Zou
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Improvement Center, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Shanchun Chen
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Improvement Center, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Liyan Su
- School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Yongrui He
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Improvement Center, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Improvement Center, Beibei, Chongqing 400712, China.
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Ma F, Li Z, Wang S, Li K, Tang F, Jia J, Zhao Q, Jing P, Yang W, Hua C, Han H, Xu J, Sun R, Zhang J, Han R, Liu X, Fan S, Gu L, Xu K, Li L. The F-box protein OsEBF2 confers the resistance to the brown planthopper (Nilparvata lugens Stål). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 327:111547. [PMID: 36462682 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The brown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens) is a piercing-sucking insect pest specific to rice plants and may cause severe declines in rice yields. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical application value to elucidate the molecular mechanism of rice resistance to BPH. Previous studies have shown that an ethylene (ET) signaling pathway gene, OsEBF1, positively regulates BPH resistance in rice. OsEBF1 is an E3 ligase that mediates the degradation of another ET pathway gene, OsEIL1. OsEBF2 is the homologous gene of OsEBF1, and the sequence identity between the two genes is 78.5%. Our results indicated that OsEBF2 can directly interact with OsEIL1 and positively regulate rice resistance to BPH. More importantly, there were no obvious differences in agronomic traits between WT and OsEBF2OE transgenic lines. The resistance mechanism of the OsEBF2 gene may be to reduce the content of ET in rice by inhibiting the expression of ethylene response factor genes. This study revealed that OsEBF2 is an F-box protein that positively regulates the rice resistance to BPH and can be used as an effective target gene for rice BPH resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Zixin Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Sayi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Kejia Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Fei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Jingxuan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Qiujin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Peihua Jing
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Wenqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Congmin Hua
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Haifu Han
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Jiayin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Ruohan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Jiaoxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Rui Han
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Shaocong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Laihong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Kedong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China.
| | - Lili Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China.
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Chen N, Shao Q, Lu Q, Li X, Gao Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals differential transcription in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) following inoculation with Ralstonia solanacearum. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22137. [PMID: 36550145 PMCID: PMC9780229 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26693-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a major Solanaceae crop worldwide and is vulnerable to bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum during the production process. BW has become a growing concern that could enormously deplete the tomato yield from 50 to 100% and decrease the quality. Research on the molecular mechanism of tomato regulating BW resistance is still limited. In this study, two tomato inbred lines (Hm 2-2, resistant to BW; and BY 1-2, susceptible to BW) were used to explore the molecular mechanism of tomato in response to R. solanacearum infection by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology. We identified 1923 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Hm 2-2 and BY 1-2 after R. solanacearum inoculation. Among these DEGs, 828 were up-regulated while 1095 were down-regulated in R-3dpi (Hm 2-2 at 3 days post-inoculation with R. solanacearum) vs. R-mock (mock-inoculated Hm 2-2); 1087 and 2187 were up- and down-regulated, respectively, in S-3dpi (BY 1-2 at 3 days post-inoculation with R. solanacearum) vs. S-mock (mock-inoculated BY 1-2). Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that the largest amount of DEGs were annotated with the Biological Process terms, followed by Cellular Component and Molecular Function terms. A total of 114, 124, 85, and 89 regulated (or altered) pathways were identified in R-3dpi vs. R-mock, S-3dpi vs. S-mock, R-mock vs. S-mock, and R-3dpi vs. S-3dpi comparisons, respectively, by Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. These clarified the molecular function and resistance pathways of DEGs. Furthermore, quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis confirmed the expression patterns of eight randomly selected DEGs, which suggested that the RNA-seq results were reliable. Subsequently, in order to further verify the reliability of the transcriptome data and the accuracy of qRT-PCR results, WRKY75, one of the eight DEGs was silenced by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and the defense response of plants to R. solanacearum infection was analyzed. In conclusion, the findings of this study provide profound insight into the potential mechanism of tomato in response to R. solanacearum infection, which lays an important foundation for future studies on BW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- grid.449868.f0000 0000 9798 3808College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000 China
| | - Qin Shao
- grid.449868.f0000 0000 9798 3808College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000 China
| | - Qineng Lu
- grid.449868.f0000 0000 9798 3808College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000 China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- grid.449868.f0000 0000 9798 3808College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000 China
| | - Yang Gao
- grid.449868.f0000 0000 9798 3808College of Life Science and Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000 China
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Tan J, Wang Y, Dymerski R, Wu Z, Weng Y. Sigma factor binding protein 1 (CsSIB1) is a putative candidate of the major-effect QTL dm5.3 for downy mildew resistance in cucumber (Cucumis sativus). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:4197-4215. [PMID: 36094614 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The dm5.3 major-effect QTL in cucumber encodes a homolog of Arabidopsis sigma factor binding protein 1 (CsSIB1). CsSIB1 positively regulates defense responses against downy mildew in cucumber through the salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis/signaling pathway. Downy mildew (DM) caused by the oomycete pathogen Pseudoperonospora cubensis is an important disease of cucumber and other cucurbits. Our knowledge on molecular mechanisms of DM resistance is still limited. In this study, we reported identification and functional characterization of the candidate gene for the major-effect QTL, dm5.3 for DM resistance originated from PI 197088. The dm5.3 QTL was Modelized through marker-assisted development of near isogenic lines (NILs). NIL-derived segregating populations were used for fine mapping which narrowed the dm5.3 locus down to a 144 kb region. Based on multiple lines of evidence, we show that CsSIB1 (CsGy5G027140) that encodes the VQ motif-containing sigma factor binding protein 1 as the most likely candidate for dm5.3. Local association analysis identified a haplotype consisting of 7 SNPs inside the coding and promoter region of CsSIB1 that was associated with DM resistance. Expression of CsSIB1 was up-regulated with P. cubensis infection. Transcriptome profiling of NILs in response to P. cubensis inoculation revealed key players and associated gene networks in which increased expression of CsSIB1 antagonistically promoted salicylic acid (SA) but suppressed jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis/signaling pathways. Our work provides novel insights into the function of CsSIB1/dm5.3 as a disease resistance (R) gene. The roles of sigma factor binding protein genes in pathogen defense in cucumber were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Tan
- Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Ronald Dymerski
- Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Zhiming Wu
- Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Yiqun Weng
- Horticulture Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- USDA-ARS Vegetable Crops Research Unit, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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Qiu J, Liu Z, Xie J, Lan B, Shen Z, Shi H, Lin F, Shen X, Kou Y. Dual impact of ambient humidity on the virulence of Magnaporthe oryzae and basal resistance in rice. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:3399-3411. [PMID: 36175003 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Humidity is a critical environmental factor affecting the epidemic of plant diseases. However, it is still unclear how ambient humidity affects the occurrence of diseases in plants. In this study, we show that high ambient humidity enhanced blast development in rice plants under laboratory conditions. Furthermore, we found that high ambient humidity enhanced the virulence of Magnaporthe oryzae by promoting conidial germination and appressorium formation. In addition, the results of RNA-sequencing analysis and the ethylene content assessment revealed that high ambient humidity suppressed the accumulation of ethylene and the activation of ethylene signaling pathway induced by M. oryzae in rice. Knock out of ethylene signaling genes OsEIL1 and OsEIN2 or exogenous application of 1-methylcyclopropene (ethylene inhibitor) and ethephon (ethylene analogues) eliminated the difference of blast resistance between the 70% and 90% relative humidity conditions, suggesting that the activation of ethylene signaling contributes to humidity-modulated basal resistance against M. oryzae in rice. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that high ambient humidity enhances the virulence of M. oryzae and compromises basal resistance by reducing the activation of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling in rice. Results from this study provide cues for novel strategies to control rice blast under global environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory Of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory Of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junhui Xie
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Bo Lan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhenan Shen
- State Key Laboratory Of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huanbin Shi
- State Key Laboratory Of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fucheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangling Shen
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yanjun Kou
- State Key Laboratory Of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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Li X, Meng Z, Malik AU, Zhang S, Wang Q. Maintaining the quality of postharvest broccoli by inhibiting ethylene accumulation using diacetyl. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1055651. [PMID: 36458179 PMCID: PMC9707704 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1055651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italic) is rich in nutrition. However, it is susceptible to yellowing after harvest, leading to nutritional and economic losses. In this study, diacetyl, a natural food additive compound, was selected to inhibit the yellowing of broccoli florets and maintain the nutrient quality during storage time. It was found that 20 μl L-1 diacetyl treatment for 12 h could significantly delay the yellowing and decrease the weight loss and lignin content of broccoli florets. Meanwhile, diacetyl could maintain higher contents of chlorophyll, vitamin C and flavonoids and suppress the transcript levels of chlorophyll degradation-related genes in broccoli florets. Moreover, accumulations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were inhibited by diacetyl treatment. Under diacetyl treatment, the generation of ethylene was prevented by inhibiting the activities and related-gene expressions of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase and ACC oxidase. Based on our findings, exogenous diacetyl could be employed as a novel bioactive molecule for retarding the yellowing and maintaining the quality of postharvest broccoli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zan Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Aman Ullah Malik
- Postharvest Research and Training Centre, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Song Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Qingguo Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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Ren D, Xie W, Xu Q, Hu J, Zhu L, Zhang G, Zeng D, Qian Q. LSL1 controls cell death and grain production by stabilizing chloroplast in rice. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:2148-2161. [PMID: 35960419 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lesion mutants can be valuable tools to reveal the interactions between genetic factors and environmental signals and to improve grain production. Here we identified a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant, lesion spotleaf1 (lsl1), which produces necrotic leaf lesions throughout its life cycle. LSL1 encodes a protein of unknown function and belongs to a grass-specific clade. The lesion phenotype of the lsl1 mutant was sharply induced by shading, and its detached leaves incubated in 6-benzylamino purine similarly formed lesions in the dark. In addition, the lsl1 mutant exhibited reactive oxygen species accumulation and cell death. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) and comet assays revealed that the lsl1 mutant contained severe DNA damage, resulting in reduced grain yield and quality. RNA sequencing, gene expression, and protein activity analyses indicate that LSL1 is required for chloroplast function. Furthermore, LSL1 interacts with PsaD and PAP10 to form a regulatory module that functions in chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development to maintain redox balance. Our results reveal that LSL1 maintains chloroplast structure, redox homeostasis, and DNA stability, and plays important roles in the interaction between genetic factors and environmental signals and in regulating grain size and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyong Ren
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Wei Xie
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Qiankun Xu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- College of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- College of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Sun Q, Xu Z, Huang W, Li D, Zeng Q, Chen L, Li B, Zhang E. Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis reveals salicylic acid and flavonoid pathways' key roles in cabbage's defense responses to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1005764. [PMID: 36388482 PMCID: PMC9659849 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1005764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is a vascular bacteria pathogen causing black rot in cabbage. Here, the resistance mechanisms of cabbage against Xcc infection were explored by integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis. Pathogen perception, hormone metabolisms, sugar metabolisms, and phenylpropanoid metabolisms in cabbage were systemically re-programmed at both transcriptional and metabolic levels after Xcc infection. Notably, the salicylic acid (SA) metabolism pathway was highly enriched in resistant lines following Xcc infection, indicating that the SA metabolism pathway may positively regulate the resistance of Xcc. Moreover, we also validated our hypothesis by showing that the flavonoid pathway metabolites chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid could effectively inhibit the growth of Xcc. These findings provide valuable insights and resource datasets for further exploring Xcc-cabbage interactions and help uncover molecular breeding targets for black rot-resistant varieties in cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Baohua Li
- *Correspondence: Baohua Li, ; Enhui Zhang,
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Verma PK, Verma S, Pandey N. Root system architecture in rice: impacts of genes, phytohormones and root microbiota. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:239. [PMID: 36016841 PMCID: PMC9395555 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To feed the continuously expanding world's population, new crop varieties have been generated, which significantly contribute to the world's food security. However, the growth of these improved plant varieties relies primarily on synthetic fertilizers, which negatively affect the environment and human health; therefore, continuous improvement is needed for sustainable agriculture. Several plants, including cereal crops, have the adaptive capability to combat adverse environmental changes by altering physiological and molecular mechanisms and modifying their root system to improve nutrient uptake efficiency. These plants operate distinct pathways at various developmental stages to optimally establish their root system. These processes include changes in the expression profile of genes, changes in phytohormone level, and microbiome-induced root system architecture (RSA) modification. Several studies have been performed to understand microbial colonization and their involvement in RSA improvement through changes in phytohormone and transcriptomic levels. This review highlights the impact of genes, phytohormones, and particularly root microbiota in influencing RSA and provides new insights resulting from recent studies on rice root as a model system and summarizes the current knowledge about biochemical and central molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Verma
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
- Present Address: French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Israel
| | - Shikha Verma
- Present Address: French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Israel
| | - Nalini Pandey
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
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Wang Y, Luo H, Wang H, Xiang Z, Wei S, Zheng W. Comparative transcriptome analysis of rice cultivars resistant and susceptible to Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:606. [PMID: 35986248 PMCID: PMC9392349 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08816-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rice sheath blight, which is caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is the most destructive disease affecting rice production, but the resistance mechanism to this pathogen has not been fully elucidated. Results In this study, we selected two rice cultivars based on their resistance to the pathogen and analyzed and compared the transcriptomic profiles of two cultivars, the moderately resistant variety Gangyuan8 and the highly susceptible variety Yanfeng47, at different time points after inoculation. The comparative transcriptome profiling showed that the expression of related genes gradually increased after pathogen inoculation. The number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Yanfeng47 was higher than that in Gangyuan8, and this result revealed that Yanfeng47 was more susceptible to fungal attack. At the early stage (24 and 48 h), the accumulation of resistance genes and a resistance metabolism occurred earlier in Ganguan8 than in Yanfeng47, and the resistance enrichment entries were more abundant in Ganguan8 than in Yanfeng47. Conclusions Based on the GO and KEGG enrichment analyses at five infection stages, we concluded that phenylalanine metabolism and the jasmonic acid pathway play a crucial role in the resistance of rice to sheath blight. Through a comparative transcriptome analysis, we preliminarily analyzed the molecular mechanism responsible for resistance to sheath blight in rice, and the results lay the foundation for the development of gene mining and functional research on rice resistance to sheath blight. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08816-x.
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Liu X, Gao Y, Guo Z, Wang N, Wegner A, Wang J, Zou X, Hu J, Liu M, Zhang H, Zheng X, Wang P, Schaffrath U, Zhang Z. MoIug4 is a novel secreted effector promoting rice blast by counteracting host OsAHL1-regulated ethylene gene transcription. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1163-1178. [PMID: 35451078 PMCID: PMC11164540 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Magnaporthe oryzae secretes several effectors that modulate and hijack rice processes to colonize host cells, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We report on a novel cytoplasmic effector MoIug4 that targets the rice ethylene pathway as a transcription repressor to subvert host immunity. We found that MoIug4 binds to the promoter of the host OsEIN2 gene that encodes a central signal transducer in the ethylene-signaling pathway. We also identified a MoIug4 interacting protein, OsAHL1, which acts as an AT-hook motif-containing protein binding to the A/T-rich promoter regions. Our knockout and overexpression studies showed that OsAHL1 positively regulates plant immunity in response to M. oryzae infection. OsAHL1 exhibits transcriptional regulatory activities by binding the OsEIN2 promoter region, similar to MoIug4. Intriguingly, we found that MoIug4 exhibits a higher binding affinity than OsAHL1 to the OsEIN2 promoter, suggesting differential regulatory specificities. These results revealed a counter-defense strategy by which the pathogen effector suppresses the activation of host defense genes by interfering with host transcription activator functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yixin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ziqian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Nian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Alex Wegner
- Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - Jintao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xi Zou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiexiong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Muxing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaobo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Ulrich Schaffrath
- Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - Zhengguang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Alam MS, Maina AW, Feng Y, Wu LB, Frei M. Interactive effects of tropospheric ozone and blast disease (Magnaporthe oryzae) on different rice genotypes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:48893-48907. [PMID: 35201578 PMCID: PMC9252976 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19282-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Rising tropospheric ozone concentrations can cause rice yield losses and necessitate the breeding of ozone-tolerant rice varieties. However, ozone tolerance should not compromise the resistance to important biotic stresses such as the rice blast disease. Therefore, we investigated the interactive effects of ozone and rice blast disease on nine different rice varieties in an experiment testing an ozone treatment, blast inoculation, and their interaction. Plants were exposed to an ozone concentration of 100 ppb for 7 h per day or ambient air throughout the growth period. Half of the plants were simultaneously infected with rice blast inoculum. Grain yield was significantly reduced in the blast treatment (17%) and ozone treatment (37%), while the combination of both stresses did not further decrease grain yields compared to ozone alone. Similar trends occurred for physiological traits such as vegetation indices, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), photochemical reflectance index (PRI), Lichtenthaler index 2 (Lic2), and anthocyanin reflectance index 1 (ARI1), as well as stomatal conductance and lipid peroxidation. Ozone exposure mitigated the formation of visible blast symptoms, while blast inoculation did not significantly affect visible ozone symptoms. Although different genotypes showed contrasting responses to the two types of stresses, no systematic pattern was observed regarding synergies or trade-offs under the two types of stresses. Therefore, we conclude that despite the similarities in physiological stress responses to ozone and blast, the tolerance to these stresses does not appear to be genetically linked in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahedul Alam
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute for Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Yanru Feng
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute for Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35390, Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Crop Science, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lin-Bo Wu
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute for Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael Frei
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute for Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35390, Giessen, Germany.
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45
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Reactive oxygen species signalling in plant stress responses. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:663-679. [PMID: 35760900 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00499-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 449] [Impact Index Per Article: 224.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key signalling molecules that enable cells to rapidly respond to different stimuli. In plants, ROS play a crucial role in abiotic and biotic stress sensing, integration of different environmental signals and activation of stress-response networks, thus contributing to the establishment of defence mechanisms and plant resilience. Recent advances in the study of ROS signalling in plants include the identification of ROS receptors and key regulatory hubs that connect ROS signalling with other important stress-response signal transduction pathways and hormones, as well as new roles for ROS in organelle-to-organelle and cell-to-cell signalling. Our understanding of how ROS are regulated in cells by balancing production, scavenging and transport has also increased. In this Review, we discuss these promising developments and how they might be used to increase plant resilience to environmental stress.
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Action Mechanisms of Effectors in Plant-Pathogen Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126758. [PMID: 35743201 PMCID: PMC9224169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant pathogens are one of the main factors hindering the breeding of cash crops. Pathogens, including oomycetes, fungus, and bacteria, secrete effectors as invasion weapons to successfully invade and propagate in host plants. Here, we review recent advances made in the field of plant-pathogen interaction models and the action mechanisms of phytopathogenic effectors. The review illustrates how effectors from different species use similar and distinct strategies to infect host plants. We classify the main action mechanisms of effectors in plant-pathogen interactions according to the infestation process: targeting physical barriers for disruption, creating conditions conducive to infestation, protecting or masking themselves, interfering with host cell physiological activity, and manipulating plant downstream immune responses. The investigation of the functioning of plant pathogen effectors contributes to improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms of plant-pathogen interactions. This understanding has important theoretical value and is of practical significance in plant pathology and disease resistance genetics and breeding.
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47
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Meng F, Zhao Q, Zhao X, Yang C, Liu R, Pang J, Zhao W, Wang Q, Liu M, Zhang Z, Kong Z, Liu J. A rice protein modulates endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis and coordinates with a transcription factor to initiate blast disease resistance. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110941. [PMID: 35705042 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis is essential for plants to manage responses under environmental stress. Plant immune activation requires the ER, but how ER homeostasis is associated with plant immune activation is largely unexplored. Here we find that transcription of an HVA22 family gene, OsHLP1 (HVA22-like protein 1), is induced by Magnaporthe oryzae infection. Overexpression of OsHLP1 significantly enhances blast disease resistance but impairs ER morphology in rice (Oryza sativa), resulting in enhanced sensitivity to ER stress. OsHLP1 interacts with the NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) transcription factor OsNTL6 at the ER. OsNTL6 localizes to the ER and is relocated to the nucleus after cleavage of the transmembrane domain. OsHLP1 suppresses OsNTL6 protein accumulation, whereas OsNTL6 counteracts OsHLP1 by alleviating sensitivity to ER stress and decreasing disease resistance in OsHLP1 overexpression plants. These findings unravel a mechanism whereby OsHLP1 promotes disease resistance by compromising ER homeostasis when plants are infected by pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiqi Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, University of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chao Yang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jinhuan Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wensheng Zhao
- MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Muxing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhengguang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhaosheng Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jun Liu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Li R, Sun J, Ning X, Liu D, Chen X. BpEIL1 negatively regulates resistance to Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria alternata in birch. Gene 2022; 97:81-91. [PMID: 35675986 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pathogen attacks affect tree health, causing considerable economic losses as well as serious damage to the surrounding environment. Understanding the disease resistance mechanisms of trees is important for tree breeding. In previous studies on birch (Betula platyphylla × B. pendula), we identified a lesion mimic mutant called lmd. We found that reduced expression of BpEIL1 was responsible for the phenotype in lmd. Following cloning, we acquired several BpEIL1 overexpression and suppression lines in birch. In this study, we cloned the BpEIL1 promoter and found that BpEIL1 was primarily expressed in leaves, particularly in veins. We further studied the traits of transgenic lines and the function of BpEIL1 in disease resistance in birch using the BpEIL1 overexpression line OE9, the suppression line SE13 and the non-transgenic line NT. We found that hydrogen peroxide accumulated in SE13 leaves. Ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activity significantly increased in SE13. SE13 was more resistant to the fungal pathogens Alternaria alternata and Rhizoctonia solani than were the OE9 and NT lines. RNA-seq indicated that pathways related to signal transduction, disease resistance and plant immunity were enriched in SE13. BpEIL1 is thus a negative regulatory transcription factor for disease resistance in birch. This study provides a reference for disease resistance of birch and other trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranhong Li
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University
| | - Xiaomeng Ning
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University
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Understanding the Dynamics of Blast Resistance in Rice-Magnaporthe oryzae Interactions. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8060584. [PMID: 35736067 PMCID: PMC9224618 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice is a global food grain crop for more than one-third of the human population and a source for food and nutritional security. Rice production is subjected to various stresses; blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the major biotic stresses that has the potential to destroy total crop under severe conditions. In the present review, we discuss the importance of rice and blast disease in the present and future global context, genomics and molecular biology of blast pathogen and rice, and the molecular interplay between rice–M. oryzae interaction governed by different gene interaction models. We also elaborated in detail on M. oryzae effector and Avr genes, and the role of noncoding RNAs in disease development. Further, rice blast resistance QTLs; resistance (R) genes; and alleles identified, cloned, and characterized are discussed. We also discuss the utilization of QTLs and R genes for blast resistance through conventional breeding and transgenic approaches. Finally, we review the demonstrated examples and potential applications of the latest genome-editing tools in understanding and managing blast disease in rice.
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50
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A successful defense of the narrow-leafed lupin against anthracnose involves quick and orchestrated reprogramming of oxidation-reduction, photosynthesis and pathogenesis-related genes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8164. [PMID: 35581248 PMCID: PMC9114385 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12257-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Narrow-leafed lupin (NLL, Lupinus angustifolius L.) is a legume plant cultivated for grain production and soil improvement. Worldwide expansion of NLL as a crop attracted various pathogenic fungi, including Colletotrichum lupini causing a devastating disease, anthracnose. Two alleles conferring improved resistance, Lanr1 and AnMan, were exploited in NLL breeding, however, underlying molecular mechanisms remained unknown. In this study, European NLL germplasm was screened with Lanr1 and AnMan markers. Inoculation tests in controlled environment confirmed effectiveness of both resistance donors. Representative resistant and susceptible lines were subjected to differential gene expression profiling. Resistance to anthracnose was associated with overrepresentation of "GO:0006952 defense response", "GO:0055114 oxidation-reduction process" and "GO:0015979 photosynthesis" gene ontology terms. Moreover, the Lanr1 (83A:476) line revealed massive transcriptomic reprogramming quickly after inoculation, whereas other lines showed such a response delayed by about 42 h. Defense response was associated with upregulation of TIR-NBS, CC-NBS-LRR and NBS-LRR genes, pathogenesis-related 10 proteins, lipid transfer proteins, glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidases, glycine-rich cell wall proteins and genes from reactive oxygen species pathway. Early response of 83A:476, including orchestrated downregulation of photosynthesis-related genes, coincided with the successful defense during fungus biotrophic growth phase, indicating effector-triggered immunity. Mandelup response was delayed and resembled general horizontal resistance.
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