1
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Liu L, Liu Y, Ji X, Zhao X, Liu J, Xu N. Coronatine orchestrates ABI1-mediated stomatal opening to facilitate bacterial pathogen infection through importin β protein SAD2. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 119:676-688. [PMID: 38683723 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Stomatal immunity plays an important role during bacterial pathogen invasion. Abscisic acid (ABA) induces plants to close their stomata and halt pathogen invasion, but many bacterial pathogens secrete phytotoxin coronatine (COR) to antagonize ABA signaling and reopen the stomata to promote infection at early stage of invasion. However, the underlining mechanism is not clear. SAD2 is an importin β family protein, and the sad2 mutant shows hypersensitivity to ABA. We discovered ABI1, which negatively regulated ABA signaling and reduced plant sensitivity to ABA, was accumulated in the plant nucleus after COR treatment. This event required SAD2 to import ABI1 to the plant nucleus. Abolition of SAD2 undermined ABI1 accumulation. Our study answers the long-standing question of how bacterial COR antagonizes ABA signaling and reopens plant stomata during pathogen invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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2
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Shi T, Zheng Y, Wang R, Li S, Xu A, Chen L, Liu Y, Luo R, Huang C, Sun Y, Zhao J, Guo X, Wang H, Liu J, Gao Y. SAD2 functions in plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 defense by regulating the nuclear accumulation of MYB30 in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 344:112089. [PMID: 38640973 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Accurate nucleocytoplasmic transport of signal molecules is essential for plant growth and development. Multiple studies have confirmed that nucleocytoplasmic transport and receptors are involved in regulating plant disease resistance responses, however, little is known about the regulatory mechanism in plants. In this study, we showed that the mutant of the importin beta-like protein SAD2 exhibited a more susceptible phenotype than wild-type Col-0 after treatment with Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000). Coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) experiments demonstrated that SAD2 interacts with the hypersensitive response (HR)-positive transcriptional regulator MYB30. Subcellular localization showed that MYB30 was not fully localized in the nucleus in sad2-5 mutants, and western-blot experiments further indicated that SAD2 was required for MYB30 nuclear trafficking during the pathogen infection process. A phenotypic test of pathogen inoculation demonstrated that MYB30 partially rescued the disease symptoms of sad2-5 caused by Pst DC3000, and that MYB30 worked downstream of SAD2 in plant pathogen defense. These results suggested that SAD2 might be involved in plant pathogen defense by mediating MYB30 nuclear trafficking. Taken together, our results revealed the important function of SAD2 in plant pathogen defense and enriched understanding of the mechanism of nucleocytoplasmic transport-mediated plant pathogen defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Shi
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China; Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Rui Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Sha Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Andi Xu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Luoying Chen
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China; Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Yuanhang Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rong Luo
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chenchen Huang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China; Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Yinglu Sun
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoying Guo
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China; Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, China
| | - Jun Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Ying Gao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China.
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3
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Ge Q, Zhao S, Shao X, Wei Y, Chen J, Wang H, Xu F. Influence of flavonoids from Sedum aizoon L. on mitochondrial function of Rhizopus nigricans in strawberry. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:161. [PMID: 38613738 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Rhizopus nigricans (R. nigricans), one of the fungi that grows the fastest, is frequently discovered in postharvest fruits, it's the main pathogen of strawberry root rot. Flavonoids in Sedum aizoon L. (FSAL) is a kind of green and safe natural substance extracted from Sedum aizoon L. which has antifungal activity. In this study, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of FSAL on R. nigricans and cell apoptosis tests were studied to explore the inhibitory effect of FSAL on R. nigricans. The effects of FSAL on mitochondria of R. nigricans were investigated through the changes of mitochondrial permeability transition pore(mPTP), mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP), Ca2+ content, H2O2 content, cytochrome c (Cyt c) content, the related enzyme activity and related genes of mitochondria. The results showed that the MIC of FSAL on R. nigricans was 1.800 mg/mL, with the addition of FSAL (1.800 mg/mL), the mPTP openness of R. nigricans increased and the MMP reduced. Resulting in an increase in Ca2+ content, accumulation of H2O2 content and decrease of Cyt c content, the activity of related enzymes was inhibited and related genes were up-regulated (VDAC1, ANT) or down-regulated (SDHA, NOX2). This suggests that FSAL may achieve the inhibitory effect of fungi by damaging mitochondria, thereby realizing the postharvest freshness preservation of strawberries. This lays the foundation for the development of a new plant-derived antimicrobial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Ge
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shiyi Zhao
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xingfeng Shao
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yingying Wei
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hongfei Wang
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
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4
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Pan J, Peng X, Yao C, Zuo J, Lei T, Feng H, Zhang K, Zhu E, Qian Z. Target-activated multicolor fluorescent dyes for 3D imaging of plasma membranes and tracking of apoptosis. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2761-2770. [PMID: 38380679 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02601a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Real-time tracking of dynamic changes in the three-dimensional morphology of the cell plasma membrane is of great importance for a deeper understanding of physiological processes related to the cell plasma membrane. However, there is a lack of imaging dyes that can specifically be used for a long term labelling of plasma membranes, especially for plant cells. Here, we have used molecular engineering strategies to develop a series of target-activated multicolour fluorescent dyes that can be used for long-term and three-dimensional imaging of plant cell plasma membranes. By combining different electron acceptors and donors, four molecular backbones with different emission colours from green to NIR have been obtained. In the designed styrene-based dyes, referred to as the SD dyes, several functional groups were introduced into the backbones to achieve the properties of target-activated fluorescence, rapid and wash-free staining, high plasma membrane targeting ability and long-term imaging function. Using onion epidermal cells as a platform, these dye molecules can provide high-quality imaging of the plasma membrane for up to 6 hours, providing a powerful tool for long-term monitoring of plasma membrane-related biological events. Calcium-mediated apoptosis of plant cells has been tracked for the first time by monitoring the morphological changes of the plasma membrane in real time using SD dyes. These dyes also exhibit excellent 3D imaging performance of the plasma membrane and were further used to track in real time the 3D morphological changes of the plasma membrane during plasmolysis of plant cells, providing a powerful imaging tool for three-dimensional (3D) biology. This work provides a set of multi-colour dye tools for long-term and three-dimensional imaging of plant cell plasma membranes, and also provides molecular design principles for guiding the transmembrane transport of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Xin Peng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Chuangye Yao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Jiaqi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Tingting Lei
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Hui Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Kewei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Engao Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Zhaosheng Qian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
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5
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Liang M, Huai B, Lin J, Liang X, He H, Bai M, Wu H. Ca2+- and Zn2+-dependent nucleases co-participate in nuclear DNA degradation during programmed cell death in secretory cavity development in Citrus fruits. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 44:tpad122. [PMID: 37738622 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpad122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+)- and zinc Zn2+-dependent nucleases play pivotal roles in plant nuclear DNA degradation in programmed cell death (PCD). However, the mechanisms by which these two nucleases co-participate in PCD-associated nuclear DNA degradation remain unclear. Here, the spatiotemporal expression patterns of two nucleases (CrCAN and CrENDO1) were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively during PCD in secretory cavity formation in Citrus reticulata 'Chachi' fruits. Results show that the middle and late initial cell stages and lumen-forming stages are key stages for nuclear degradation during the secretory cavity development. CAN and ENDO1 exhibited potent in vitro DNA degradation activity at pH 8.0 and pH 5.5, respectively. Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization assays, the subcellular localization of Ca2+ and Zn2+, and immunocytochemical localization showed that CrCAN was activated at the middle and late initial cell stages, while CrENDO1 was activated at the late initial cell and lumen-forming stages. Furthermore, we used immunocytochemical double-labelling to simultaneously locate CrCAN and CrENDO1. The DNA degradation activity of the two nucleases was verified by simulating the change of intracellular pH in vitro. Our results also showed that CrCAN and CrENDO1 worked respectively and co-participated in nuclear DNA degradation during PCD of secretory cavity cells. In conclusion, we propose the model for the synergistic effect of Ca2+- and Zn2+-dependent nucleases (CrCAN and CrENDO1) in co-participating in nuclear DNA degradation during secretory cavity cell PCD in Citrus fruits. Our findings provide direct experimental evidence for exploring different ion-dependent nucleases involved in nuclear degradation during plant PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjian Liang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510303, China
| | - Bin Huai
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junjun Lin
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiangxiu Liang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hanjun He
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Natural Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mei Bai
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Natural Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Natural Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
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6
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Chen G, Xu D, Liu Q, Yue Z, Dai B, Pan S, Chen Y, Feng X, Hu H. Regulation of FLC nuclear import by coordinated action of the NUP62-subcomplex and importin β SAD2. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:2086-2106. [PMID: 37278318 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Flowering locus C (FLC) is a central transcriptional repressor that controls flowering time. However, how FLC is imported into the nucleus is unknown. Here, we report that Arabidopsis nucleoporins 62 (NUP62), NUP58, and NUP54 composed NUP62-subcomplex modulates FLC nuclear import during floral transition in an importin α-independent manner, via direct interaction. NUP62 recruits FLC to the cytoplasmic filaments and imports it into the nucleus through the NUP62-subcomplex composed central channel. Importin β supersensitive to ABA and drought 2 (SAD2), a carrier protein, is critical for FLC nuclear import and flower transition, which facilitates FLC import into the nucleus mainly through the NUP62-subcomplex. Proteomics, RNA-seq, and cell biological analyses indicate that the NUP62-subcomplex mainly mediates the nuclear import of cargos with unconventional nuclear localization sequences (NLSs), such as FLC. Our findings illustrate the mechanisms of the NUP62-subcomplex and SAD2 on FLC nuclear import process and floral transition, and provide insights into the role of NUP62-subcomplex and SAD2 in protein nucleocytoplasmic transport in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Danyun Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qing Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhichuang Yue
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Biao Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shujuan Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yongqiang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xinhua Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Honghong Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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7
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Guo Y, Zhang S, Li Y, Zhang X, Liu H, Liu S, Liu J, Wang G. A transcriptomic evaluation of the mechanism of programmed cell death of the replaceable bud in Chinese chestnut. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220635. [PMID: 37426617 PMCID: PMC10329280 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that the senescence and death of the replaceable bud of the Chinese chestnut cultivar (cv.) "Tima Zhenzhu" involves programmed cell death (PCD). However, the molecular network regulating replaceable bud PCD is poorly characterized. Here, we performed transcriptomic profiling on the chestnut cv. "Tima Zhenzhu" replaceable bud before (S20), during (S25), and after (S30) PCD to unravel the molecular mechanism underlying the PCD process. A total of 5,779, 9,867, and 2,674 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered upon comparison of S20 vs S25, S20 vs S30, and S25 vs S30, respectively. Approximately 6,137 DEGs common to at least two comparisons were selected for gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses to interrogate the main corresponding biological functions and pathways. GO analysis showed that these common DEGs could be divided into three functional categories, including 15 cellular components, 14 molecular functions, and 19 biological processes. KEGG analysis found that "plant hormone signal transduction" included 93 DEGs. Overall, 441 DEGs were identified as related to the process of PCD. Most of these were found to be genes associated with ethylene signaling, as well as the initiation and execution of various PCD processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Chestnut Department, Changli Research Institute of Fruit Trees, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Changli, Hebei, 066600, China
| | - Shuhang Zhang
- Chestnut Department, Changli Research Institute of Fruit Trees, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Changli, Hebei, 066600, China
| | - Ying Li
- Chestnut Department, Changli Research Institute of Fruit Trees, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Changli, Hebei, 066600, China
| | - Xinfang Zhang
- Chestnut Department, Changli Research Institute of Fruit Trees, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Changli, Hebei, 066600, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Chestnut Department, Changli Research Institute of Fruit Trees, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Changli, Hebei, 066600, China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- Chestnut Department, Changli Research Institute of Fruit Trees, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Changli, Hebei, 066600, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Chestnut Department, Changli Research Institute of Fruit Trees, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Changli, Hebei, 066600, China
| | - Guangpeng Wang
- Chestnut Department, Changli Research Institute of Fruit Trees, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Changli, Hebei, 066600, China
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8
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Yang J, He R, Qu Z, Gu J, Jiang L, Zhan X, Gao Y, Adelson DL, Li S, Wang ZY, Zhu Y, Wang D. Long noncoding RNA ARTA controls ABA response through MYB7 nuclear trafficking in Arabidopsis. Dev Cell 2023:S1534-5807(23)00236-8. [PMID: 37290444 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, transcription factors are a crucial element in the regulation of gene expression, and nuclear translocation is the key to the function of transcription factors. Here, we show that the long intergenic noncoding RNA ARTA interacts with an importin β-like protein, SAD2, through a long noncoding RNA-binding region embedded in the carboxyl terminal, and then it blocks the import of the transcription factor MYB7 into the nucleus. Abscisic acid (ABA)-induced ARTA expression can positively regulate ABI5 expression by fine-tuning MYB7 nuclear trafficking. Therefore, the mutation of arta represses ABI5 expression, resulting in desensitization to ABA, thereby reducing Arabidopsis drought tolerance. Our results demonstrate that lncRNA can hijack a nuclear trafficking receptor to modulate the nuclear import of a transcription factor during plant responses to environmental stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Gene Engineering in Jiangxi Province, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Reqing He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Gene Engineering in Jiangxi Province, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Zhipeng Qu
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, the University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Jinbao Gu
- Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences 510316, Guangdong, China
| | - Liyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Gene Engineering in Jiangxi Province, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Xiangqiang Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ying Gao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - David L Adelson
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, the University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Sisi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Wang
- Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences 510316, Guangdong, China
| | - Youlin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Gene Engineering in Jiangxi Province, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Gene Engineering in Jiangxi Province, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.
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9
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Li S, Shi T, Lyu M, Wang R, Xu A, Chen L, Luo R, Sun Y, Guo X, Liu J, Wang H, Gao Y. Transcriptomic Analysis Revealed Key Defense Genes and Signaling Pathways Mediated by the Arabidopsis thaliana Gene SAD2 in Response to Infection with Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato DC3000. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044229. [PMID: 36835638 PMCID: PMC9963955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleocytoplasmic transport receptors play key roles in the nuclear translocation of disease resistance proteins, but the associated mechanisms remain unclear. The Arabidopsis thaliana gene SAD2 encodes an importin β-like protein. A transgenic Arabidopsis line overexpressing SAD2 (OESAD2/Col-0) showed obvious resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) compared to the wild type (Col-0), but the knockout mutant sad2-5 was susceptible. Transcriptomic analysis was then performed on Col-0, OESAD2/Col-0, and sad2-5 leaves at 0, 1, 2, and 3 days post-inoculation with Pst DC3000. A total of 1825 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified as putative biotic stress defense genes regulated by SAD2, 45 of which overlapped between the SAD2 knockout and overexpression datasets. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis indicated that the DEGs were broadly involved in single-organism cellular metabolic processes and in response to stimulatory stress. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) biochemical pathway analysis revealed that many of the DEGs were associated with the biosynthesis of flavonoids and other specialized metabolites. Transcription factor analysis showed that a large number of ERF/AP2, MYB, and bHLH transcription factors were involved in SAD2-mediated plant disease resistance. These results provide a basis for future exploration of the molecular mechanisms associated with SAD2-mediated disease resistance and establish a set of key candidate disease resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tiantian Shi
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mingjie Lyu
- Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300112, China
| | - Rui Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Andi Xu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Luoying Chen
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Rong Luo
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yinglu Sun
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoying Guo
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Jun Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
- Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (Y.G.)
| | - Ying Gao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (Y.G.)
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10
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Jin L, Zhang G, Yang G, Dong J. Identification of the Karyopherin Superfamily in Maize and Its Functional Cues in Plant Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214103. [PMID: 36430578 PMCID: PMC9699179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate nucleo-cytoplasmic partitioning of proteins is a vital regulatory mechanism in phytohormone signaling and plant development. However, how this is achieved remains incompletely understood. The Karyopherin (KAP) superfamily is critical for separating the biological processes in the nucleus from those in the cytoplasm. The KAP superfamily is divided into Importin α (IMPα) and Importin β (IMPβ) families and includes the core components in mediating nucleocytoplasmic transport. Recent reports suggest the KAPs play crucial regulatory roles in Arabidopsis development and stress response by regulating the nucleo-cytoplasmic transport of members in hormone signaling. However, the KAP members and their associated molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood in maize. Therefore, we first identified seven IMPα and twenty-seven IMPβ genes in the maize genome and described their evolution traits and the recognition rules for substrates with nuclear localization signals (NLSs) or nuclear export signals (NESs) in plants. Next, we searched for the protein interaction partners of the ZmKAPs and selected the ones with Arabidopsis orthologs functioning in auxin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling to predict their potential function. Finally, we found that several ZmKAPs share similar expression patterns with their interacting proteins, implying their function in root development. Overall, this article focuses on the Karyopherin superfamily in maize and starts with this entry point by systematically comprehending the KAP-mediated nucleo-cytoplasmic transport process in plants, and then predicts the function of the ZmKAPs during maize development, with a perspective on a closely associated regulatory mechanism between the nucleo-cytoplasmic transport and the phytohormone network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Guobin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Guixiao Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jiaqiang Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence:
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11
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Rane J, Singh AK, Tiwari M, Prasad PVV, Jagadish SVK. Effective Use of Water in Crop Plants in Dryland Agriculture: Implications of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidative System. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:778270. [PMID: 35082809 PMCID: PMC8784697 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.778270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Under dryland conditions, annual and perennial food crops are exposed to dry spells, severely affecting crop productivity by limiting available soil moisture at critical and sensitive growth stages. Climate variability continues to be the primary cause of uncertainty, often making timing rather than quantity of precipitation the foremost concern. Therefore, mitigation and management of stress experienced by plants due to limited soil moisture are crucial for sustaining crop productivity under current and future harsher environments. Hence, the information generated so far through multiple investigations on mechanisms inducing drought tolerance in plants needs to be translated into tools and techniques for stress management. Scope to accomplish this exists in the inherent capacity of plants to manage stress at the cellular level through various mechanisms. One of the most extensively studied but not conclusive physiological phenomena is the balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and scavenging them through an antioxidative system (AOS), which determines a wide range of damage to the cell, organ, and the plant. In this context, this review aims to examine the possible roles of the ROS-AOS balance in enhancing the effective use of water (EUW) by crops under water-limited dryland conditions. We refer to EUW as biomass produced by plants with available water under soil moisture stress rather than per unit of water (WUE). We hypothesize that EUW can be enhanced by an appropriate balance between water-saving and growth promotion at the whole-plant level during stress and post-stress recovery periods. The ROS-AOS interactions play a crucial role in water-saving mechanisms and biomass accumulation, resulting from growth processes that include cell division, cell expansion, photosynthesis, and translocation of assimilates. Hence, appropriate strategies for manipulating these processes through genetic improvement and/or application of exogenous compounds can provide practical solutions for improving EUW through the optimized ROS-AOS balance under water-limited dryland conditions. This review deals with the role of ROS-AOS in two major EUW determining processes, namely water use and plant growth. It describes implications of the ROS level or content, ROS-producing, and ROS-scavenging enzymes based on plant water status, which ultimately affects photosynthetic efficiency and growth of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadish Rane
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Singh
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, India
| | - Manish Tiwari
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - P. V. Vara Prasad
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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12
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Zn 2+-Dependent Nuclease Is Involved in Nuclear Degradation during the Programmed Cell Death of Secretory Cavity Formation in Citrus grandis 'Tomentosa' Fruits. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113222. [PMID: 34831444 PMCID: PMC8622950 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Zn2+- and Ca2+-dependent nucleases exhibit activity toward dsDNA in the four classes of cation-dependent nucleases in plants. Programmed cell death (PCD) is involved in the degradation of cells during schizolysigenous secretory cavity formation in Citrus fruits. Recently, the Ca2+-dependent DNase CgCAN was proven to play a key role in nuclear DNA degradation during the PCD of secretory cavity formation in Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’ fruits. However, whether Zn2+-dependent nuclease plays a role in the PCD of secretory cells remains poorly understood. Here, we identified a Zn2+-dependent nuclease gene, CgENDO1, from Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’, the function of which was studied using Zn2+ ions cytochemical localization, DNase activity assays, in situ hybridization, and protein immunolocalization. The full-length cDNA of CgENDO1 contains an open reading frame of 906 bp that encodes a protein 301 amino acids in length with a S1/P1-like functional domain. CgENDO1 degrades linear double-stranded DNA at acidic and neutral pH. CgENDO1 is mainly expressed in the late stage of nuclear degradation of secretory cells. Further spatiotemporal expression patterns of CgENDO1 showed that CgENDO1 is initially located on the endoplasmic reticulum and then moves into intracellular vesicles and nuclei. During the late stage of nuclear degradation, it was concentrated in the area of nuclear degradation involved in nuclear DNA degradation. Our results suggest that the Zn2+-dependent nuclease CgENDO1 plays a direct role in the late degradation stage of the nuclear DNA in the PCD of secretory cavity cells of Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’ fruits.
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13
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Kansal S, Panwar V, Mutum RD, Raghuvanshi S. Investigations on Regulation of MicroRNAs in Rice Reveal [Ca 2+] cyt Signal Transduction Regulated MicroRNAs. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:720009. [PMID: 34733300 PMCID: PMC8558223 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.720009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical components of the multidimensional regulatory networks in eukaryotic systems. Given their diverse spectrum of function, it is apparent that the transcription, processing, and activity of the miRNAs themselves, is very dynamically regulated. One of the most important and universally implicated signaling molecules is [Ca2+]cyt. It is known to regulate a plethora of developmental and metabolic processes in both plants and animals; however, its impact on the regulation of miRNA expression is relatively less explored. The current study employed a combination of internal and external calcium channel inhibitors to establishing that [Ca2+]cyt signatures actively regulate miRNA expression in rice. Involvement of [Ca2+]cyt in the regulation of miRNA expression was further confirmed by treatment with calcimycin, the calcium ionophore. Modulation of the cytosolic calcium levels was also found to regulate the drought-responsive expression as well as ABA-mediated response of miRNA genes in rice seedlings. The study further establishes the role of calmodulins and Calmodulin-binding Transcription Activators (CAMTAs) as important components of the signal transduction schema that regulates miRNA expression. Yeast one-hybrid assay established that OsCAMTA4 & 6 are involved in the transcriptional regulation of miR156a and miR167h. Thus, the study was able to establish that [Ca2+]cyt is actively involved in regulating the expression of miRNA genes both under control and stress conditions.
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14
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Ren H, Zhao X, Li W, Hussain J, Qi G, Liu S. Calcium Signaling in Plant Programmed Cell Death. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051089. [PMID: 34063263 PMCID: PMC8147489 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a process intended for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis by eliminating old, damaged, or unwanted cells. In plants, PCD takes place during developmental processes and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In contrast to the field of animal studies, PCD is not well understood in plants. Calcium (Ca2+) is a universal cell signaling entity and regulates numerous physiological activities across all the kingdoms of life. The cytosolic increase in Ca2+ is a prerequisite for the induction of PCD in plants. Although over the past years, we have witnessed significant progress in understanding the role of Ca2+ in the regulation of PCD, it is still unclear how the upstream stress perception leads to the Ca2+ elevation and how the signal is further propagated to result in the onset of PCD. In this review article, we discuss recent advancements in the field, and compare the role of Ca2+ signaling in PCD in biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, we discuss the upstream and downstream components of Ca2+ signaling and its crosstalk with other signaling pathways in PCD. The review is expected to provide new insights into the role of Ca2+ signaling in PCD and to identify gaps for future research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Wenjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Jamshaid Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan;
| | - Guoning Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.Q.); (S.L.)
| | - Shenkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.Q.); (S.L.)
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15
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Iqbal N, Czékus Z, Poór P, Ördög A. Plant defence mechanisms against mycotoxin Fumonisin B1. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 343:109494. [PMID: 33915161 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the most harmful mycotoxin which prevails in several crops and affects the growth and yield as well. Hence, keeping the alarming consequences of FB1 under consideration, there is still a need to seek other more reliable approaches and scientific knowledge for FB1-induced cell death and a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of plant defence strategies. FB1-induced disturbance in sphingolipid metabolism initiates programmed cell death (PCD) through various modes such as the elevated generation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, cytochrome c release from the mitochondria, and activation of specific proteases and nucleases causing DNA fragmentation. There is a close interaction between sphingolipids and defence phytohormones in response to FB1 exposure regulating PCD and defence. In this review, the model plant Arabidopsis and various crops have been presented with different levels of susceptibility and resistivity exposed to various concentration of FB1. In addition to this, regulation of PCD and defence mechanisms have been also demonstrated at the physiological, biochemical and molecular levels to help the understanding of the role and function of FB1-inducible molecules and genes and their expressions in plants against pathogen attacks which could provide molecular and biochemical markers for the detection of toxin exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Iqbal
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Közép fasor 52., Hungary; Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zalán Czékus
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Közép fasor 52., Hungary; Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Poór
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Közép fasor 52., Hungary.
| | - Attila Ördög
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H-6726, Szeged, Közép fasor 52., Hungary
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16
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Lüdke D, Rohmann PFW, Wiermer M. Nucleocytoplasmic Communication in Healthy and Diseased Plant Tissues. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:719453. [PMID: 34394173 PMCID: PMC8357054 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.719453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The double membrane of the nuclear envelope (NE) constitutes a selective compartment barrier that separates nuclear from cytoplasmic processes. Plant viability and responses to a changing environment depend on the spatial communication between both compartments. This communication is based on the bidirectional exchange of proteins and RNAs and is regulated by a sophisticated transport machinery. Macromolecular traffic across the NE depends on nuclear transport receptors (NTRs) that mediate nuclear import (i.e. importins) or export (i.e. exportins), as well as on nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) that are composed of nucleoporin proteins (NUPs) and span the NE. In this review, we provide an overview of plant NPC- and NTR-directed cargo transport and we consider transport independent functions of NPCs and NE-associated proteins in regulating plant developmental processes and responses to environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lüdke
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp F. W. Rohmann
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Wiermer
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Marcel Wiermer,
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17
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Ali M, Tumbeh Lamin-Samu A, Muhammad I, Farghal M, Khattak AM, Jan I, ul Haq S, Khan A, Gong ZH, Lu G. Melatonin Mitigates the Infection of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides via Modulation of the Chitinase Gene and Antioxidant Activity in Capsicum annuum L. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:antiox10010007. [PMID: 33374725 PMCID: PMC7822495 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is one of the most damaging pepper (Capsicum annum L.) disease. Melatonin induces transcription of defense-related genes that enhance resistance to pathogens and mediate physiological activities in plants. To study whether the melatonin-mediated pathogen resistance is associated with chitinase gene (CaChiIII2), pepper plants and Arabidopsis seeds were treated with melatonin, then CaChiIII2 activation, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, and antioxidant enzymes activity during plant–pathogen interactions were investigated. Melatonin pretreatment uncoupled the knockdown of CaChiIII2 and transiently activated its expression level in both control and CaChiIII2-silenced pepper plants and enhanced plant resistance. Suppression of CaChiIII2 in pepper plants showed a significant decreased in the induction of defense-related genes and resistance to pathogens compared with control plants. Moreover, melatonin efficiently enabled plants to maintain intracellular H2O2 concentrations at steady-state levels and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, which possibly improved disease resistance. The activation of the chitinase gene CaChiIII2 in transgenic Arabidopsis lines was elevated under C. gloeosporioides infection and exhibited resistance through decreasing H2O2 biosynthesis and maintaining H2O2 at a steady-state level. Whereas melatonin primed CaChiIII2-overexpressed (OE) and wild-type (WT) Arabidopsis seedlings displayed a remarkable increase in root-length compared to the unprimed WT plants. Using an array of CaChiIII2 knockdown and OE, we found that melatonin efficiently induced CaChiIII2 and other pathogenesis-related genes expressions, responsible for the innate immunity response of pepper against anthracnose disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.A.); (A.T.L.-S.); (M.F.)
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Anthony Tumbeh Lamin-Samu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.A.); (A.T.L.-S.); (M.F.)
| | - Izhar Muhammad
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
| | - Mohamed Farghal
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.A.); (A.T.L.-S.); (M.F.)
| | - Abdul Mateen Khattak
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (A.M.K.); (S.u.H.)
| | - Ibadullah Jan
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 9291, Pakistan;
| | - Saeed ul Haq
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (A.M.K.); (S.u.H.)
| | - Abid Khan
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan;
| | - Zhen-Hui Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Correspondence: (Z.-H.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Gang Lu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.A.); (A.T.L.-S.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence: (Z.-H.G.); (G.L.)
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18
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Li X, Gu Y. Structural and functional insight into the nuclear pore complex and nuclear transport receptors in plant stress signaling. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 58:60-68. [PMID: 33217650 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes (NPC) are highly conserved mega protein complexes that penetrate the double-layered nuclear membrane and form channels to allow bi-directional transport of macromolecules between the nucleus and the cytosol. Non-passive nucleocytoplasmic transport also requires nuclear transport receptors (NTR), which bind cargo molecules and shuttle them across the NPC. The NPC and NTRs constitute two fundamental layers of regulatory mechanisms that together determine the selective nuclear translocation of signal molecules and play essential roles in activating the precise response of a cell to environmental stimuli. Here we discuss recent findings in the NPC made by advanced structural biology approaches, and dissect distinct functions of different NPC components and NTRs in plants' responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA; Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Yangnan Gu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA; Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, USA.
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19
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Zeng HY, Li CY, Yao N. Fumonisin B1: A Tool for Exploring the Multiple Functions of Sphingolipids in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:600458. [PMID: 33193556 PMCID: PMC7652989 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.600458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Fumonisin toxins are produced by Fusarium fungal pathogens. Fumonisins are structural analogs of sphingosine and potent inhibitors of ceramide synthases (CerSs); they disrupt sphingolipid metabolism and cause disease in plants and animals. Over the past three decades, researchers have used fumonisin B1 (FB1), the most common fumonisin, as a probe to investigate sphingolipid metabolism in yeast and animals. Although the physiological effects of FB1 in plants have yet to be investigated in detail, forward and reverse genetic approaches have revealed many genes involved in these processes. In this review, we discuss the intricate network of signaling pathways affected by FB1, including changes in sphingolipid metabolism and the effects of these changes, with a focus on our current understanding of the multiple effects of FB1 on plant cell death and plant growth. We analyze the major findings that highlight the connections between sphingolipid metabolism and FB1-induced signaling, and we point out where additional research is needed to fill the gaps in our understanding of FB1-induced signaling pathways in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Yu Li
- Institution of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Li B, Kou J, Mei H, Gu X, Wang M, Xie X, Xu K. A hemicyanine-based "turn-on" fluorescent probe for the selective detection of Cu 2+ ions and imaging in living cells. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:4181-4184. [PMID: 32840503 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01461c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel hemicyanine-based fluorescent probe was developed for the fast, selective, and reversible detection of Cu2+ ions with "turn-on" fluorescence response in the aqueous solution. The sensing mode was demonstrated through fluorescence, UV-vis, HRMS, 1H NMR, and DFT calculations. The probe was successfully used for the imaging of Cu2+ ions in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Industrial Recirculating Water Treatment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China.
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21
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Genome-Wide Identification, Expression Profile and Evolution Analysis of Karyopherin β Gene Family in Solanum tuberosum Group Phureja DM1-3 Reveals Its Roles in Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030931. [PMID: 32023817 PMCID: PMC7037939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of macromolecules is largely mediated by Karyopherin β/Importin (KPNβ or Impβ) nuclear transport factors, and they import and export cargo proteins or RNAs via the nuclear pores across the nuclear envelope, consequently effecting the cellular signal cascades in response to pathogen attack and environmental cues. Although achievements on understanding the roles of several KPNβs have been obtained from model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, comprehensive analysis of potato KPNβ gene family is yet to be elucidated. In our genome-wide identifications, a total of 13 StKPNβ (Solanum tuberosum KPNβ) genes were found in the genome of the doubled monoploid S. tuberosum Group Phureja DM1-3. Sequence alignment and conserved domain analysis suggested the presence of importin-β N-terminal domain (IBN_N, PF08310) or Exporin1-like domain (XpoI, PF08389) at N-terminus and HEAT motif at the C-terminal portion in most StKPNβs. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that members of StKPNβ could be classified into 16 subgroups in accordance with their homology to human KPNβs, which was also supported by exon-intron structure, consensus motifs, and domain compositions. RNA-Seq analysis and quantitative real-time PCR experiments revealed that, except StKPNβ3d and StKPNβ4, almost all StKPNβs were ubiquitously expressed in all tissues analyzed, whereas transcriptional levels of several StKPNβs were increased upon biotic/abiotic stress or phytohormone treatments, reflecting their potential roles in plant growth, development or stress responses. Furthermore, we demonstrated that silencing of StKPNβ3a, a SA- and H2O2-inducible KPNβ genes led to increased susceptibility to environmental challenges, implying its crucial roles in plant adaption to abiotic stresses. Overall, our results provide molecular insights into StKPNβ gene family, which will serve as a strong foundation for further functional characterization and will facilitate potato breeding programs.
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