1
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Maulidyanti ETS, Purwaningsih NV, Ainutajriani A, Widyastuti R. Impact of Sample Type on D-Dimer Screening. Malays J Med Sci 2024; 31:153-158. [PMID: 38694586 PMCID: PMC11057822 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The quality of laboratory test results depends on various factors, including sample type selection. Blood samples, such as whole blood, plasma and serum are commonly used for most clinical laboratory examinations. D-dimer parameters are frequently analysed in haematology laboratories and serve as biomarkers for coagulation activation and fibrinolysis. This study aimed to assess the impact of using different sample types on the quality of D-dimer test results. Method An observational analytical method was used. D-dimer examination was performed using the fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay method. The study sample consisted of 26 participants aged between 18 years old and 22 years old who had no blood disorders. Whole blood and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) plasma samples were used for the examination of D-dimer levels. Results D-dimer levels in 26 participants using whole blood samples had a mean value of 0.23 mg/L (230 ng/mL), while plasma samples yielded a mean value of 0.14 mg/L (140 ng/mL). D-dimer levels obtained from whole blood samples were higher than plasma samples but remained within the normal range of 0 mg/L-0.5 mg/L (0 ng/mL-500 ng/mL). Conclusion The results showed that whole blood samples were more practical than plasma samples. Nevertheless, plasma samples gave results within the normal range of D-dimer values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellies Tunjung Sari Maulidyanti
- Department of Medical Technology Laboratory, Faculty Health Science, University Muhammadiyah of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Nur Vita Purwaningsih
- Department of Medical Technology Laboratory, Faculty Health Science, University Muhammadiyah of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ainutajriani Ainutajriani
- Department of Medical Technology Laboratory, Faculty Health Science, University Muhammadiyah of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Rahma Widyastuti
- Department of Medical Technology Laboratory, Faculty Health Science, University Muhammadiyah of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
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2
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Zhao P, Dong D, Dong R, Zhou Y, Hong Y, Xiao G, Li Z, Su X, Zheng X, Liu X, Zhang D, Li L, Liu Z. Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting the risk of vasovagal reactions after plasma donation. J Clin Apher 2023; 38:622-631. [PMID: 37466252 DOI: 10.1002/jca.22074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Vasovagal reactions (VVRs) are the most common adverse reactions and are frequently associated with serious donor adverse events. Even mild VVRs can lead to a significant reduction in the likelihood of subsequent donations. The purpose of this study is to explore the factors related to the occurrence of VVRs after plasma donation and to construct a nomogram to identify individuals at risk for VVRs to improve the safety of plasma donors. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected the donation data from July 2019 to June 2020 from a plasma center in Sichuan, China, to explore the independent risk factors for vasovagal reactions. From these data, we constructed and validated a predictive model for vasovagal reactions. RESULTS VVRs after plasma donation occurred 737 times in 120 448 plasma donations (0.66%). Gender, season, donor status, weight, pulse, duration of donation, and cycle were independent risk factors for VVRs (P< 0.05). The concordance index (C-index) of a logistic model in the derivation cohort was 0.916, with a Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit probability of 0.795. The C-index of a logistic model in the validation cohort was 0.916, with a Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit probability of 0.224. The calibration curve showed that the predicted results were in good agreement with the actual observed results. CONCLUSION This study preliminarily constructed and verified a prediction model for VVRs after plasma donation. The model nomogram is practical and can identify high-risk donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhe Zhao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Taiyuan Blood Center, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Demei Dong
- Department of Quality Control, Beijing Tiantan Biological Products Co., Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Dong
- Department of Plasma Apheresis, Jianyang Rongsheng Apheresis Plasma Co., Ltd, Jianyang, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Taiyuan Blood Center, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Hong
- Department of Plasma Apheresis, Shifang Rongsheng Apheresis Plasma Co., Ltd, Shifang, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanglin Xiao
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiye Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Taiyuan Blood Center, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelin Su
- Department of Plasma Apheresis, Jianyang Rongsheng Apheresis Plasma Co., Ltd, Jianyang, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyou Zheng
- Department of Plasma Apheresis, Jianyang Rongsheng Apheresis Plasma Co., Ltd, Jianyang, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Plasma Apheresis, Jianyang Rongsheng Apheresis Plasma Co., Ltd, Jianyang, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Demei Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Taiyuan Blood Center, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
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3
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Berger M, Easterbrook A, Holloway K, Devine D, Bansback N. What influences decisions to donate plasma? A rapid review of the literature. Vox Sang 2023; 118:817-824. [PMID: 37470275 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Plasma has become an essential ingredient for various medical treatments. Many blood collection agencies rely on voluntary non-remunerated donation when collecting plasma, but at present many do not collect sufficient plasma to meet domestic demands. This rapid review sought to explore the factors that have been found to influence people's decisions to donate plasma to inform future research. METHODS Searches were conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, Social Sciences Citation Index and CINAHL for peer-reviewed journal articles that discussed plasma donation and the factors associated with donor behaviour. Pertinent information from included articles was extracted and arranged in themes. RESULTS In total, 33 articles were included in this review. Three main themes were identified by the authors. The first focused on site-level factors related to blood collection agencies' engagement with plasma donors and their influence on plasma donation experiences. The second theme considered how individual characteristics and experiences influence willingness to donate plasma. The third theme examined social and cultural-level factors, such as how social networks and community shape perceptions and experiences with donation. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the current understanding of plasma donation is focused mainly on converting whole blood donors and also centres on individual-level factors to donation. Further research must examine what factors attract non-whole blood donors to become plasma donors, focusing on broader social-level influences. This review will inform policies and interventions for blood collection agencies to increase plasma donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Berger
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adam Easterbrook
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kelly Holloway
- Donation Policy & Studies, Canadian Blood Services, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dana Devine
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Donation Policy & Studies, Canadian Blood Services, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nick Bansback
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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4
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Thijsen A, Gemelli CN, Davison TE, Masser B. A randomized controlled trial of post-donation communication materials to increase donor return following a vasovagal reaction. Transfusion 2023; 63:1701-1709. [PMID: 37493388 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vasovagal reactions (VVRs) are one of the primary reasons for people to stop donating blood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of newly developed online communications on the rate of return of whole-blood (WB) and plasma donors who experienced a VVR. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS First-time and experienced WB and plasma donors who had a VVR without a loss of consciousness in the previous 3 days were randomly allocated to receive (a) an SMS sent 1-4 days post-VVR (n = 2303), (b) an email sent 6-10 days post-VVR (n = 2360), (c) both the SMS and the email (n = 2248), or (d) business-as-usual donor retention communications (control; n = 2557). Donation data were extracted to determine subsequent donation attempts. RESULTS For return within 3 months, WB donors in the Email Only condition had significantly increased odds of returning (OR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.01-1.56). Subgroup analysis within WB donors showed increased odds of return for women sent the SMS and Email (OR: 1.50, 95%CI: 1.14-1.96) or the Email Only (OR: 1.44, 95%CI: 1.10-1.89), and for first-time donors sent the Email Only (OR: 1.48, 95%CI: 1.07-2.05). At 6 months, only first-time WB donors in the Email Only condition had significantly increased odds of returning (OR: 1.30, 95%CI: 1.01-1.69). No significant effects of the intervention were found for immediate or intermediate return for plasma donors. DISCUSSION Sending an email addressing common donor concerns regarding VVRs increases WB donor retention, but additional strategies are needed for the effects to last and to retain plasma donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Thijsen
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carley N Gemelli
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tanya E Davison
- Monash Art, Design and Architecture, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Research & Innovation, Silverchain, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barbara Masser
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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5
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Thijsen A, Williamson A, Davison TE, Masser B. Experiences of knowledge translation among researchers in transfusion medicine: Findings from an international survey study. Transfusion 2023; 63:1463-1471. [PMID: 37357984 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Translation of research knowledge is critical to ensure transfusion medicine policies and practices reflect current evidence and so effectively support the health of blood donors and recipients, as well as ensuring ongoing blood supply. The aim of this study was to investigate the barriers and facilitators of knowledge translation (KT) among transfusion medicine researchers and determine what KT supports are needed. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS An anonymous, cross-sectional survey was distributed by emailing corresponding authors of papers in four major blood journals, emailing grant recipients in the area of transfusion medicine, posting on social media, and through an international blood operator network. RESULTS The final sample included 105 researchers. Participants had a positive orientation toward KT, with few perceiving KT as not relevant to their research or beneficial for their careers. However, many reported facing difficulties practicing KT due to time constraints, competing priorities, or lack of funds or resources. Fostering relationships with stakeholders was seen as a key facilitator of KT but a number of researchers expressed difficulties engaging and communicating with them. Collaboration opportunities, protected time for KT, and access to KT resources were some of the supports researchers felt were required to help their KT efforts. CONCLUSION To minimize the knowledge to practice gap in transfusion medicine and ensure findings from research lead to improved outcomes, organizations need to support researchers in their KT efforts and facilitate interactions between researchers and research end-users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Thijsen
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anna Williamson
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tanya E Davison
- Research & Innovation, Silverchain, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Art, Design and Architecture, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barbara Masser
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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6
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Wei WH, Smith M, Vera A, Meads K, Hessell J, Reid L, Scott L, Burge A, Kirwan S, Charlewood R, Sadani D, Walkden D, Chand A. Novel risk patterns of vasovagal reactions in NZ blood donations complicated by COVID-19 restrictions. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1180279. [PMID: 37304099 PMCID: PMC10248232 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1180279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vasovagal reactions (VVRs) are common but complex donor adverse reactions (DAEs) in blood donations. VVRs have been extensively studied with a multitude of risk factors identified including young age, female gender and first-time donor status. How they may interplay remains obscure. Methods A total of 1,984,116 blood donations and 27,952 immediate VVRs (iVVRs) and 1,365 delayed VVRs (dVVRs) reported between 2011 and 2021 in NZ were used in multivariate logistic regression analyses each concerning donations with iVVRs as cases and those free of DAEs as controls. For each analysis stepwise selection was used to identify the best model and risk factors carrying significant main effects and/or interactions. Identified interactions informed further in-depth regression analyses to dissect iVVR risk patterns. Results Over 95% of VVRs were iVVRs that had lower female preponderance and deferrals than dVVRs. iVVRs had a school seasonal pattern in whole blood donations driven by first-time donors from schools/colleges, and interactions between gender and age group differentiating the first-time from repeat donations. Subsequent regression analyses identified the known and novel risk factors of year and mobile collection sites and their interactions. iVVR rates were roundly elevated in 2020 and 2021 probably because of COVID-19 restrictions like facemask wearing. Exclusion of the 2020 and 2021 data removed the interactions with year, but confirmed interactions of gender with mobile collection sites (p = 6.2e-07) in first-time donations only and with age group in repeat donations only (p < 2.2e-16), together indicating young female donors at the highest risk of iVVRs. Our results also revealed that donation policy changes contributed to the year effects; donors had a lower iVVR risk at mobile sites than well-medicalized donation centers probably because of under-reporting. Conclusion Modeling statistical interactions is valuable in identifying odds and revealing novel iVVR risk patterns and insights into blood donations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hua Wei
- New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Biostatistics, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Amber Vera
- New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kelly Meads
- New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Laura Reid
- New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lisa Scott
- New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Asuka Burge
- New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Susy Kirwan
- New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | - Anup Chand
- New Zealand Blood Service, Auckland, New Zealand
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7
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Evers J, Schreiber GB, Taborski U. Impact of saline infusion and citrate infusion rate during donor plasmapheresis. J Clin Apher 2022; 37:584-591. [DOI: 10.1002/jca.22025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Evers
- Octapharma Plasma GmbH, Plasma Center Aachen Aachen Germany
| | | | - Uwe Taborski
- Octapharma Plasma GmbH, Plasma Center Aachen Aachen Germany
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8
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Wang C, Chen L, Sun C, Zhang Y, Cao C, Ma Y, Shi W. Prevention of Blood Donation-related Vasovagal Response by Applied Muscle Tension: a Meta-analysis. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221121958. [PMID: 36127814 PMCID: PMC9500294 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221121958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Vasovagal reaction (VVR) is an adverse reaction to blood donation. Applied
muscle tension (AMT) has been reported to reduce the probability of VVR
during blood donation; however, the results have been controversial. We
therefore conducted a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the effect of
AMT in reducing VVR. Methods We searched six major databases using “applied muscle tension” and “blood
donation-related vasovagal response” as keywords. Relevant articles
published in English or Chinese between 1 January 2000 and 30 June 2021 were
included in the analysis. The quality of the included articles was evaluated
and publication bias was assessed by forest and funnel plots and by Egger's
test. Results Fifty-one articles were identified, of which six were included according to
the pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A fixed-effects model was
adopted for effect size combination and revealed a relative risk of 0.52
(95% confidence interval 0.40 to 0.67). The AMT group was superior to the
control in terms of VVR prevention. A funnel plot and Egger's test suggested
that the findings were accurate and reliable with low publication bias. Conclusion AMT could effectively reduce VVR during blood donation. Further multicenter
studies with large sample sizes are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Hebei Province Blood Center, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Li Chen
- Hebei Province Blood Center, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, 2900 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago 60657, IL, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Hebei Province Blood Center, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Can Cao
- Hebei Province Blood Center, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Hebei Province Blood Center, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Wenwen Shi
- Hebei Province Blood Center, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
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9
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Thijsen A, Gemelli CN, Davison TE, Masser B. Using the Health Action Process Approach to predict blood donation intentions and return behavior following a vasovagal reaction for whole blood and plasma donors. Transfusion 2022; 62:1791-1798. [PMID: 35924722 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To inform the development of interventions to retain donors following a vasovagal reaction (VVR), the aim of this study is to use the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) to identify predictors of intentions to re-donate and actual return behavior among whole blood (WB) and plasma donors who experienced a VVR. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 1136 WB donors (Mage = 32.4 ± 12.5 years; 73.4% female) and 1141 plasma donors (Mage = 36.5 ± 14.4 years; 73.3% female) completed an online survey after experiencing a VVR. Two hierarchical regression analyses were conducted for each donation type. In the first analysis, donation intentions were regressed onto the motivational HAPA constructs and social support. In the second analysis, donor return within 6 months was regressed onto social support, intentions, and the volitional HAPA constructs. RESULTS The motivational and social support variables accounted for 47.2% of the variance in intentions to return in WB donors and 15.7% in plasma donors. For both groups, task self-efficacy, positive and negative outcome expectancies, and social support were significant predictors of intentions to return. Intentions and action planning were significant predictors of donor return in both groups, and recovery self-efficacy was significant for plasma only. CONCLUSION The HAPA model can provide guidance to blood collection agencies to design phase-specific and individually-focused interventions to retain WB and plasma donors following a VVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Thijsen
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carley N Gemelli
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tanya E Davison
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Art Design and Architecture, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barbara Masser
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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10
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Brunson DC, Belanger GA, Sussmann H, Fine AM, Pandey S, Pham TD. Factors associated with first-time and repeat blood donation: Adverse reactions and effects on donor behavior. Transfusion 2022; 62:1269-1279. [PMID: 35510783 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood centers have a dual mission to protect donors and patients; donor safety is paramount to maintaining an adequate blood supply. Elucidating donor factors associated with adverse reactions (AR) is critical to this mission. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS A retrospective cohort analysis of whole blood donors from 2003 to 2020 was conducted at a single blood center in northern California. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% CIs for ARs were estimated via multivariable logistic regression on demographics, donation history, and physical examination data. Where appropriate, Wilcoxon-Rank Sum and chi-squared tests were used to determine significance. RESULTS First-time blood donors (FTD) exhibited a higher AR rate than repeat donors (4.4% vs. 1.9% p < .0001). When compared with FTDs without AR, FTDs with ARs (FT-AR) were less likely to return (30.0% vs. 47.3%, p < .0001), and, of those who returned, had a higher rate of reaction 20.2% versus 2.8% (p < .001). Factors found to be associated with FT-AR (younger age, increased heart rate, and higher diastolic blood pressure) still correlated positively with AR on return donation, but to a lower degree. FTD who potentially witnessed an AR had a lower return rate (44.6% vs. 47.3%, p = <.001) and donated fewer units (2.38 vs. 3.37, p < .001) when compared to FTD who did not witness an AR. CONCLUSION The AR on FTD increases the AR likelihood of return donation. Longitudinal analysis shows that a time-based deferral policy targeted at FT-AR young donors can reduce the number of ARs while not dramatically impacting the blood supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalton C Brunson
- Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | | | - Andrew M Fine
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Suchitra Pandey
- Stanford Blood Center, Palo Alto, California, USA.,Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tho D Pham
- Stanford Blood Center, Palo Alto, California, USA.,Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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11
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Gemelli CN, Kruse SP, Thijsen A, Van Dyke N, Karki S, Davison TE. Improving donor retention following a temporary deferral: A cluster randomized controlled trial of deferral educational materials. Transfusion 2022; 62:1230-1239. [PMID: 35506577 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Providing educational materials to deferred donors has been shown to increase their understanding about their deferral and knowledge about their return. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of educational materials in increasing the retention of deferred donors. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted, with the following conditions: (a) Incenter Brochure plus Email; (b) Email Only; (c) Control. The Incenter Brochure plus Email condition also included a guided conversation led by staff at the point of deferral. Donors were followed up for 3 months after their deferral had ended to determine if they had attempted to donate. RESULTS Compared with the Control condition, donors in the Incenter Brochure plus Email condition had increased odds of return at 3 months after their deferral ended (OR: 1.16; 95% CI 1.00-1.33). Subgroup analysis highlighted that novice (OR: 1.38; 95% CI 1.04-1.83) and established donors (OR: 1.36; 95% CI 1.13-1.64) had increased odds of return if they received the incenter materials. Donors who were deferred to maintain their well-being (OR: 1.28; 95% CI 1.03-1.60) and donors with a prior deferral history (OR: 1.55; 95% CI 1.15-1.55) had increased odds of return if they received the incenter materials. No significant differences were found between the Email Only and Control conditions. DISCUSSION This trial demonstrates the benefits of providing onsite educational materials to donors at the point of deferral. This is a simple, effective strategy to increase the return behavior of donors within 3 months of their deferral ending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carley N Gemelli
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah P Kruse
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amanda Thijsen
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nina Van Dyke
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia.,Mitchell Institute for Education and Health Policy, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Surendra Karki
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia.,School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tanya E Davison
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Art Design and Architecture, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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12
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Wiersum-Osselton J, Prinsze F, van den Brekel E, van Dongen A, Hermans F, Bokhorst A, der Kreek TMV. An intervention study for the prevention of vasovagal reactions and evaluating donors' experience: Analysis of donors' return for subsequent donation. Vox Sang 2021; 117:313-320. [PMID: 34396539 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The EPISoDe (Experience Success in Donation) study investigated the effect of interventions on self-reported vasovagal reactions (VVRs) in first-time and novice (second to fourth donation) whole blood donors aged ≤30 years, demonstrating a 23% reduction of VVR from water drinking shortly before donation in the novice donors. Because donation experience and complications affect donor retention, we analysed intervention group donors' return for subsequent donation, a predefined secondary outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS The interventions were as follows: 330 ml water, 500 ml water, ball squeezing before phlebotomy (placebo) and a control group. All donors received an online questionnaire about their experience within a week after donation. In the Netherlands, eligible donors are invited at least yearly depending on hospitals' needs. We analysed attendances within 421 days through return percentages and binomial logistic regression. RESULTS Of the 8300 EPISoDe participants, 6538 (78.8%) returned within 421 days. Return did not differ between the two water groups, whereas odds for return were significantly higher in both water and placebo intervention donors compared to the control group (odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.29 and 1.22, 1.05-1.43, respectively) after adjustment for occurrence of VVR, unsuccessful collection, gender and donation history. Staff-recorded or self-reported VVR at index donation was associated with reduced odds for return (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.37-0.60 and OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.46-0.61, respectively). CONCLUSION In this cohort of younger inexperienced blood donors, 78.8% returned for subsequent donation. Donors who received an active study intervention, either water or placebo, were more likely to return than control group donors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Femmeke Prinsze
- Sanquin, Donor Medicine Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anne van Dongen
- Sanquin, Donor Medicine Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Hermans
- Sanquin, Unit Donor Affairs, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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13
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Ou-Yang J, Huang XY, Fu YS, Dai L, Zhong HB, Jiang J, Liang HQ. Effects of message framing on recruiting Rh-D-negative blood donors in an emergency situation: Two randomized trials. Br J Health Psychol 2021; 27:406-433. [PMID: 34337827 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prospect theory categorizes message framing according to whether it emphasizes a possible loss or a possible gain. Promotions of blood donation worldwide mainly focus on gain-framed appeal. The objective of the current study is to examine the effects of message framing on recruiting Rh-D-negative blood donors (RDNBDs) in an emergency situation. DESIGN Two randomized trials. METHODS In Study 1, 813 group O and 500 group B RDNBDs were randomly assigned to three groups receiving three different recruitment text messages: (1) gain-framed, (2) loss-framed, and (3) information messages. In addition, 613 group A and 148 group AB RDNBDs were marked as (4) no message group. In Study 2, 758 RDNBDs were randomly provided one of two versions of materials focusing on either the possible survival (gain-framed) or the death (loss-framed) of a Rh-D-negative patient needed a blood transfusion. These participants then completed a questionnaire to examine the possible mechanisms underlying the observed effects. RESULTS Compared to not receiving any message, significantly more RDNBDs re-donated within 14 days after they received a loss-framed message. Study 2 found that RDNBDs who read the loss-framed material expressed more willingness to donate immediately than those who read the gain-framed material. RDNBDs with high-risk perception expressed a greater blood donation intention in the loss-framed group. The loss-framed message made participants perceive others' needs more strongly, which generated more empathy, and thus increased blood donation intention. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that recruiting RDNBDs using a loss-framed message is suitable under an emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ou-Yang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Huang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Shui Fu
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Dai
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Bin Zhong
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Jiang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Qin Liang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China
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14
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Thijsen A, Thorpe R, Davison TE, Nguyen L, Masser B. The vasovagal reaction experience among blood donors: A qualitative study of factors that affect donor return. Soc Sci Med 2021; 282:114142. [PMID: 34153820 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Blood collection agencies face ongoing challenges in retaining voluntary donors to meet the demand for blood and blood-related products by healthcare services. A known deterrent to continued blood donation is the experience of a vasovagal reaction (VVR). However, there has been little research into donors' experiences of these reactions and the factors that influence their decision to return, which is essential information to inform strategies to improve donor return. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper was to explore blood donor views and experiences of a VVR, with a particular interest in how the reaction influenced their return behaviour, using the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping. METHODS We conducted 34 semi-structured in-depth interviews between February and April 2018 with a sample of Australian donors who had experienced a VVR in the last seven days. Transcripts were analysed using the Framework Method. RESULTS The VVR elicited various emotional responses, which appeared to be influenced by social support, being aware of the possibility of experiencing a VVR, or the donation outcome. In turn, the VVR experience affected intentions to return, with those who reported more positive experiences expressing stronger intentions. Further, donors felt more likely to return if they perceived their risk of a recurrent event as low and if they were able to identify appropriate problem and emotion-focused coping strategies. CONCLUSION This article provides novel insights into possible ways to encourage blood donor return following a VVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Thijsen
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, 17 O'Riordan Street, Alexandria, New South Wales, 2015, Australia.
| | - Rachel Thorpe
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, 417 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Tanya E Davison
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, 417 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Lilly Nguyen
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, 417 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Barbara Masser
- The University of Queensland, School of Psychology, Sir Fred Schonell Dr, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia; Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, 44 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, 4059, Australia
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15
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Wasiluk T, Rybinska K, Rogowska A, Boczkowska-Radziwon B, Radziwon P. Comment on "Donor tolerability of convalescent plasma donation". J Clin Apher 2021; 36:673-674. [PMID: 34021634 DOI: 10.1002/jca.21912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Wasiluk
- Regional Centre for Transfusion Medicine, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Anna Rogowska
- Regional Centre for Transfusion Medicine, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Radziwon
- Regional Centre for Transfusion Medicine, Bialystok, Poland.,Department of Hematology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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16
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Gilchrist PT, Thijsen A, Masser BM, France CR, Davison TE. Improving the donation experience and reducing venipuncture pain by addressing fears among whole-blood and plasma donors. Transfusion 2021; 61:2107-2115. [PMID: 33904178 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear of blood donation is implicated in vasovagal reactions, donor recruitment, and retention. This study examined the extent to which fear among donors is associated with various donor outcomes in an Australian sample, and whether fear can be addressed on-site to reduce adverse reactions and improve the donation experience. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Six hundred and sixty-four donors (age M = 33.4, SD = 12.7; 55% female) participated in a two-center, pragmatic, parallel group, individually randomized controlled trial. Following donor registration and consent, whole-blood (n = 539) and plasma (n = 125) donors were assigned to one of four Conditions: control; fear assessment; fear assessment + brochure; fear assessment + brochure + tailored conversation focused on any self-reported fear and coping strategies. Post-donation questionnaires assessed the donors' experience including positive support, donor self-efficacy, anxiety, fear, venipuncture pain, and vasovagal reactions. RESULTS Fear among donors predicted higher venipuncture pain, post-donation anxiety, and vasovagal reactions and remained significant after controlling for other established predictors (i.e., total estimated blood volume, age, sex, and donation experience). Mediational analyses showed that exposure to brochures (with or without the tailored conversation) was associated with less pain, with this effect mediated by donor perceptions of more positive support. Venipuncture pain was also associated with vasovagal reactions, reduced likelihood of return within 6 months, and less satisfaction with the donation experience. CONCLUSION The current results underline the importance of interventions to address fear among both whole-blood and plasma donors to secure the safety and well-being of donors and the blood supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe T Gilchrist
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amanda Thijsen
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barbara M Masser
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Tanya E Davison
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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17
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He R, Lin H, Xie S, Lv Q, Kong Y, Li L, Xu H, Wang J, Li W, Fang P, Wu Y, Liu Z. Donor tolerability of convalescent plasma donation. J Clin Apher 2021; 36:429-436. [PMID: 33587767 PMCID: PMC8013347 DOI: 10.1002/jca.21882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Since early 2020, convalescent plasma has been widely used for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). There is limited information regarding donor tolerability of convalescent plasma donation. In this study, we evaluated the short‐term donor tolerability of convalescent plasma donation. Methods A prospective study of 309 convalescent plasma donation related adverse events were conducted at Wuhan Blood Center of China, from February 12 to April 1, 2020. Additionally, up to 28‐day post‐donation follow‐ups were performed on the donors. Results Sixteen (5.2%) adverse events were reported in 309 donations. All of these were mild vasovagal without loss of consciousness. The frequency of adverse reactions was higher in donors with a per donation volume of >8 mL/kg body weight or ≥ 600 mL, <100 mm Hg in pre‐donation systolic blood pressure, or less than 28 days from the onset of COVID‐19 symptoms. There was no correlation to donation history, weight, sex, ABO blood type, pre‐donation diastolic blood pressure, pulse, or hemoglobin. Conclusion The donation of convalescent plasma is generally safe. Mitigation of risk factors associated with adverse events can further enhance donor tolerability of convalescent plasma donation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- Clinical Transfusion Research Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.,Key laboratory of transfusion adverse reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Hui Lin
- Blood Collection Center, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Songli Xie
- Blood Collection Center, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Qilu Lv
- Clinical Transfusion Research Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.,Key laboratory of transfusion adverse reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Kong
- Clinical Transfusion Research Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.,Key laboratory of transfusion adverse reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Clinical Transfusion Research Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.,Key laboratory of transfusion adverse reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Xu
- Clinical Transfusion Research Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.,Key laboratory of transfusion adverse reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Jue Wang
- Clinical Transfusion Research Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.,Key laboratory of transfusion adverse reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Fang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanyun Wu
- Clinical Transfusion Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Zhong Liu
- Clinical Transfusion Research Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.,Key laboratory of transfusion adverse reactions, CAMS, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
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18
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Priyono A, Masser BM, Dyda A, Davison TE, Irving DO, Karki S. Long-term return and donation pattern of those who begin donating at different ages: A retrospective cohort analysis of blood donors in Australia. Transfusion 2020; 61:799-810. [PMID: 33179790 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study compared the likelihood of return to donate and donation rate ratio by age of donors at their first donation when followed up to 12 years. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Donation history of two cohorts of first-time donors (those donating in 2007 and 2013) was extracted until March 2019 from Australian Red Cross Lifeblood's national database. Poisson regression analyses compared donor return and negative-binomial regression estimated the rate ratio of donations. RESULTS A total of 120 469 and 95 381 donors were included in the 2007 and 2013 cohorts, respectively. Compared to donors aged 20-24 years, the likelihood of return in both cohorts increased consistently as age at first donation increased from 30-years and above. Average number of whole-blood and plasmapheresis donations increased as the age at first donation increased from 30-years onward. The whole-blood donation rate was highest for donors ≥60 years, while plasmapheresis donation rate was highest for donors aged 50-59 years. These patterns were largely consistent when stratified by sex. CONCLUSIONS To continuously ensure the short- to mid-term sufficiency of blood supply in Australia, targeted recruitment of donors aged 30-years and above may be considered, however its feasibility and impact should be explored further given relatively smaller proportion of new donors are middle-aged and older under current policies. Future studies with a longer follow-up period are needed to examine whether the frequency of donation among those who start donating at a younger age increases later in their life when they are 30-years or over.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agus Priyono
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Alexandria, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Barbara M Masser
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Alexandria, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amalie Dyda
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tanya E Davison
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Alexandria, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David O Irving
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Alexandria, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Surendra Karki
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Alexandria, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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19
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Hoad VC, Serhan G, Seed CR, Kiely P, Gosbell IB. Endoscopies, blood-borne viruses and blood donors: time to move on from precaution. Vox Sang 2020; 116:336-341. [PMID: 33107094 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Based on the Council of Europe directive which dictates regulatory requirements in Australia, blood donors are currently deferred from donating for 4 months after an endoscopic procedure if either polyps were removed or a biopsy sample was taken. We aimed to assess the incidence of blood-borne viruses (BBVs) (HIV, hepatitis B and C) in blood donors who donated after an endoscopic procedure and evaluate the risk to blood safety through risk modelling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Donors from 1/1/2013 to 31/12/2017 with an endoscopy deferral on their blood donor file with pre- and post-BBV testing were analysed to determine an incidence of BBVs using standard methods. The standard blood donor cohort was used as a comparator group. Using the incidence of endoscopies and BBV risk, the total residual risk estimate of allowing donors to return postendoscopy without restriction was calculated. RESULTS The incidence of a BBV postendoscopy in this large cohort of 16,283 where testing has been confirmed postendoscopy was zero (95% CI 0-0·000105). The upper confidence interval of the zero events is 10·5 per 100 000 donations. Total positive donations from 2017 repeat donors were 1·87 per 100 000 (95% CI 0·0000117-0·0000277). Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the residual risk remained negligible under realistic worst-case scenarios. CONCLUSION A BBV endoscopy deferral is not required for blood safety in Australia. The presented data has enabled us to submit a request for an exemption to our regulator, which has been approved and the policy change subsequently implemented by Lifeblood on 4/4/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica C Hoad
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Perth, Australia
| | - George Serhan
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Perth, Australia
| | - Clive R Seed
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Perth, Australia
| | - Philip Kiely
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Perth, Australia
| | - Iain B Gosbell
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Perth, Australia.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
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20
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Thijsen A, Masser B, Davison TE. Reduced risk of vasovagal reactions in Australian whole blood donors after national implementation of applied muscle tension and water loading. Transfusion 2020; 60:918-921. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.15701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Thijsen
- Clinical Services and ResearchAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Barbara Masser
- Clinical Services and ResearchAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood Brisbane Queensland Australia
- School of PsychologyThe University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Tanya E. Davison
- Clinical Services and ResearchAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood Melbourne Victoria Australia
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